Ph lc s 6

Phng php lp gi xy dng cng trnh

(Km theo Thng t s 04/2010/TT-BXD ngy 26/5/2010 ca B Xy dng) Gi xy dng cng trnh bao gm n gi xy dng cng trnh v gi xy dng tng hp. n gi xy dng cng trnh l ch tiu kinh t - k thut, bao gm ton b chi ph trc tip cn thit v vt liu, nhn cng v my thi cng hon thnh mt n v khi lng cng tc xy dng. Gi xy dng tng hp l ch tiu kinh t - k thut bao gm ton b chi ph cn thit hon thnh mt mt nhm loi cng tc xy dng, n v kt cu, b phn ca cng trnh. 1. Phng php lp n gi xy dng cng trnh trn c s h thng nh mc d ton xy dng ca cng trnh v cc yu t chi ph c lin quan theo gi th trng. 1.1. C s lp n gi xy dng cng trnh C s lp n gi xy dng cng trnh: - Danh mc cc cng tc xy dng ca cng trnh cn lp n gi; - nh mc d ton xy dng theo danh mc cn lp n gi; - Gi vt liu (cha bao gm thu gi tr tng) n hin trng cng trnh; - Gi nhn cng ca cng trnh; - Gi ca my v thit b thi cng ca cng trnh (hoc gi thu my v thit b thi cng). 1.2. Lp n gi xy dng cng trnh 1.2.1. Xc nh chi ph vt liu (VL) Chi ph vt liu c xc nh theo cng thc:
65

VL= Trong :

(Di x Gvl) (1 + Kvl) (6.1) i=1

- Di: lng vt liu th i (i=1n) tnh cho mt n v khi lng cng tc xy dng trong nh mc d ton xy dng cng trnh; - GVLi: gi ca mt n v vt liu th i (i=1n) c xc nh ph hp vi tiu chun, chng loi v cht lng vt liu s dng cho cng trnh xy dng trn tr trng do t chc c chc nng cung cp, bo gi ca nh sn xut, thng tin gi ca nh cung cp hoc gi ca loi vt liu c tiu chun, cht lng tng t v ang c s dng cng trnh khc v c tnh n hin trng cng trnh; Trng hp gi vt liu cha c tnh n hin trng cng trnh th gi vt liu n hin trng cng trnh c xc nh theo hng dn ti mc 1.2.4 ca ph lc ny. - KVL: h s tnh chi ph vt liu khc so vi tng chi ph vt liu ch yu xc nh trong nh mc d ton xy dng cng trnh. i vi cng trnh s dng ngun vn ODA cn s dng nhng loi vt liu m th trng trong nc khng c th gi cc loi vt liu, sn phm xy dng nhp khu xc nh theo gi th trng ph hp vi tiu chun cht lng v xut x hng ha. 1.2.2. Xc nh chi ph nhn cng (NC) Chi ph nhn cng c xc nh theo cng thc: NC = B x gNC Trong : - B: lng hao ph lao ng tnh bng ngy cng trc tip theo cp bc bnh qun cho mt n v khi lng cng tc xy dng trong nh mc d ton xy dng cng trnh;
66

(6.2)

- gNC: n gi ngy cng ca cng nhn trc tip xy dng c xc nh theo mt bng th trng lao ng ph bin ca tng khu vc, tnh, thnh ph. Ring i vi cng trnh s dng vn ngn sch nh nc thc hin theo phng thc ch nh thu th c th s dng phng php xc nh mc n gi ngy cng ca cng nhn trc tip xy dng (gNC) trn c s lng ti thiu vng, lng cp bc, cc khon ph cp lng; khon lng ph tnh bng 12% lng c bn; mt s chi ph c th khon trc tip cho ngi lao ng tnh bng 4% lng c bn; cc ph cp khc nu c. i vi cng trnh s dng ngun vn ODA c nhng cng vic phi s dng nhn cng nc ngoi (cng vic i hi k thut c bit hoc cc cng vic phi c gim st, kim tra) n gi ngy cng c xc nh theo tin lng nhn cng c chc danh tng ng ti cc nc trong khu vc hoc cc cng trnh tng t v ang thc hin Vit Nam. 1.2.3. Xc nh chi ph my thi cng (MTC) Chi ph my thi cng c xc nh bng cng thc sau: MTC = Trong :
n

(Mi x giMTC) (1 + KMTC)

i=1

(6.3)

- Mi: lng hao ph ca my ca loi my, thit b thi cng chnh th i (i=1n) tnh cho mt n v khi lng cng tc xy dng trong nh mc d ton xy dng cng trnh; - giMTC: gi ca my ca loi my, thit b thi cng chnh th i (i=1n) theo bng gi ca my v thit b thi cng ca cng trnh hoc gi thu my xc nh theo hng dn ca B Xy dng; - KMTC : h s tnh chi ph my khc (nu c) so vi tng chi ph my, thit b thi cng ch yu xc nh trong nh mc d ton xy dng cng trnh.
67

i vi cng trnh s dng ngun vn ODA cn s dng nhng loi my c bit m Vit Nam cha c, cn tm nhp khu thi cng xy dng cng trnh th gi ca my xc nh theo gi thu my trn th trng khu vc hoc gi ca my v ang thc hin c tnh cht tng t Vit Nam. n gi xy dng cng trnh ni trn ch bao gm chi ph vt liu, chi ph nhn cng, chi ph my thi cng gi l n gi xy dng cng trnh khng y . n gi xy dng cng trnh y bao gm chi ph vt liu, chi ph nhn cng, chi ph my thi cng, trc tip ph khc, chi ph chung v thu nhp chu thu tnh trc. 1.2.4. Phng php xc nh gi vt liu n hin trng cng trnh (Gvl) Gi vt liu n hin trng cng trnh c xc nh theo cng thc: Gvl = Gcct + Cht Trong : - Gcct: gi vt liu n cng trnh; - Cht: chi ph ti hin trng bao gm: bc xp, vn chuyn trong ni b cng trnh, hao ht bo qun ti kho, bi. Gi vt liu n cng trnh c xc nh bng cng thc: Gcct = Gg+ Cvc Trong : - Gg: gi vt liu gc; - Cvc: chi ph vn chuyn n cng trnh (bao gm c chi ph trung chuyn, nu c). 1.2.4.1 Chi ph vn chuyn n cng trnh (6.5) (6.4)

68

Chi ph vn chuyn n cng trnh c th xc nh theo phng n, c ly, loi phng tin v gi thu phng tin vn chuyn hoc tnh trn c s cc nh mc vn chuyn v cc phng php khc ph hp vi iu kin thc t. 1.2.4.1.1 Chi ph vn chuyn tnh theo cc vn chuyn Chi ph vn chuyn n cng trnh theo cc vn chuyn c tnh theo cng thc:
n

Cvc = Trong :

(Li x fi) + Cctc + Cltk

i=1

(6.6)

- Li: c ly ca cung ng th i; - fi: gi cc vn chuyn trn cung ng th i; - Cctc: chi ph trung chuyn (nu c); - Cltk: chi ph lu thng khc. + Gi cc vn chuyn c th da vo cng b ca cc a phng, gi th trng, bo gi ca n v vn ti m bo c khi lng, tin ca cng trnh; + Chi ph trung chuyn vt liu c tnh khi c thay i phng thc hoc phng tin vn chuyn, bao gm chi ph bc xp v hao ht trung chuyn. Chi ph hao ht trung chuyn c tnh theo nh mc t l trn gi vt liu gc trn c s nh mc vt t do B Xy dng cng b; + Chi ph lu thng khc: l nhng chi ph cho vic buc, k, che chn, l ph cu ng,... Chi ph vn chuyn n cng trnh tnh theo cc vn chuyn s dng Bng 6.1 1.2.4.1.2 Chi ph vn chuyn tnh trn c s cc nh mc vn chuyn Chi ph vn chuyn c th c tnh ton trn c s s dng nhng nh mc vn chuyn ph hp trong nh mc
69

d ton xy dng cng trnh, gi nhn cng v ca my cng trnh , theo cng thc sau: Cvc = (Mi:x giMTC )+ Cttc + Cltk Trong : - Mi: lng hao ph ca my ca loi my dng vn chuyn; - giMTC: gi ca my ca loi my dng vn chuyn; - Cttc v Cltk: nh trong mc 1.2.4.1.1. V d xc nh chi ph vn chuyn theo nh mc vn chuyn: Xc nh chi ph vn chuyn khi lng 100m3 ct xy dng vi c ly vn chuyn 50km th c th s dng nh mc vn chuyn t bng t t 12 tn c tnh ton nh sau: - Hao ph ca my trong phm vi 1 km u - Hao ph ca my cho 6 km tip theo ca - Hao ph ca my cho 43 km (ngoi 7 km) 0,106 ca Tng cng hao ph ca my : 43 x : 0,610 ca : 6 x 0,171 (6.7)

: 6,194 ca

S ca my nhn vi n gi ca my cng trnh (hoc gi ca my a phng cng b) s xc nh c chi ph vn chuyn bng t t cho c ly 50 km n cng trnh. Chi ph ca my cho vn chuyn cn xc nh ng cho thi im tnh, khi c bin ng v gi cn c s diu chnh ph hp. Th d khi gi ca my iu chnh vi h s 1,2 th chi ph cng c iu chnh trn c s h s ny. Gi ca my t t (sau iu chnh) l: 1.157.110 ng/ca

70

Chi ph vn chyn bng t cho 100 m3 ct on ng 50 km l: 6,194 ca x 1.157.110 ng/ca = 7.167.139 ng Trng hp nhng vt liu tnh theo n v tnh khc th c th s dng trng lng ring tnh chuyn n v v vn dng nh mc vn chuyn cho ph hp. Nu mt loi vt liu phi mua nhiu ngun khc nhau th gi vt liu n cng trnh bnh qun (Gcctbq ) c xc nh bng cng thc:
n

Gcctbq

Ti x Gccti i=1 = ----------------- (6.8)

n

Ti
i=1

Trong : - Gccti: gi vt liu n cng trnh t ngun i; - Ti: khi lng vt liu mua t ngun i. 1.2.4.1 Chi ph ti hin trng (Cht ) Chi ph ti hin trng bao gm chi ph bc xp (Cbx), chi ph vn chuyn trong ni b cng trnh (Cvcht), chi ph hao ht bo qun (Chh) v c xc nh theo cng thc sau: Cht = Cbx + Cvcht + Chh (6.9) Chi ph bc xp tnh trn c s nh mc lao ng bc xp v n gi nhn cng cng trnh; Chi ph vn chuyn bng phng tin th s trong ni b cng trnh tnh bnh qun trong phm vi 300m trn c s nh mc lao ng vn chuyn vt liu bng phng tin th s v n gi nhn cng xy dng cng trnh; Chi ph hao ht bo qun vt liu ti kho, bi cng trng c tnh theo phn trm (%) so vi gi vt liu n hin trng.

71

Ni dung, trnh t tnh ton gi vt liu n hin trng cng trnh c xc nh theo cc Bng 6.1, 6.2 v 6.3 nh sau:

Bng 6.1. Tnh chi ph vn chuyn

Phng tin vn chuy n [5] C ly ca cung ng vi cp ng tng ng C ly (km) [6] Cp ng [7] Gi cc theo cp ng (/T.k m) [8]

Stt

Loi vt liu

n v tnh

Ngu n mua

Chi ph vn chuyn

[1] 1 2 3

[2]

[3]

[4]

[9] = ( [6] x [8])

Bng 6.2. Tnh gi vt liu n chn cng trnh

Chi ph trung chuyn (nu c) St t Loi vt liu n v tnh Chi ph vn chuy n Hao ht trung chuyn Bc xp n h mc (%) Thnh tin Cng chi ph trung chuyn Gi vt liu n chn cng trnh

Gi gc

72

[1 ] 1 2 3

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8] = [4] x [7]

[9] = [6]+[8]

[10] = [4]+[5]+[ 9]

Ghi ch: - Ct [5]: ly theo gi tr ct [9] ti Bng 6.1; - Ct [6] = (nh mc lao ng bc xp) x (n gi nhn cng xy dng cng trnh).

Bng 6.3. Tnh gi vt liu xy dng n hin trng cng trnh Chi ph ti hin trng Gi vt liu Chi n chn ph bc cng trnh xp Chi ph Chi ph hao ht bo qun vn chuy n trong ni b cng trnh
[7]

Stt

Loi vt liu

n v tn h

Cng chi ph ti hin trng

Gi vt liu n hin trng cng trnh

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6] = [4] x nh mc t l

[8] =

[5]+[6]+[ 7]

[9] =

[4]+[8]

1 2 3 Ghi ch - Ct [4]: ly theo kt qu tnh ton t ct [10] ti Bng 6.2;

73

- Ct [5] = (nh mc lao ng bc xp) x (n gi nhn cng xy dng cng trnh); - Ct [7] = (nh mc lao ng vn chuyn trong phm vi 300m) x (n gi nhn cng xy dng cng trnh).

2. Phng php lp gi xy dng tng hp cng trnh 2.1. C s lp gi xy dng tng hp - Danh mc nhm loi cng tc xy dng, n v kt cu, b phn ca cng trnh; - n gi xy dng cng trnh tng ng vi nhm loi cng tc, n v kt cu, b phn ca cng trnh. 2.2. Lp gi xy dng tng hp - Bc 1. Xc nh danh mc nhm loi cng tc xy lp, n v kt cu, b phn ca cng trnh cn lp gi xy dng tng hp, mt s ch tiu k thut ch yu, n v tnh v ni dung thnh phn cng vic ph hp. - Bc 2. Tnh khi lng xy lp (q) ca tng loi cng tc xy dng cu thnh gi xy dng tng hp. - Bc 3. Xc nh chi ph vt liu (VL), nhn cng (NC), my thi cng (M) tng ng vi khi lng xy dng (q) ca tng loi cng tc xy lp cu thnh gi xy dng tng hp theo cng thc: VL = q x vl ; NC = q x nc ; M = q x m (6.10) - Bc 4. Tng hp kt qu theo tng khon mc chi ph trong gi xy dng tng hp theo cng thc:
VL = VL i NC = NC i
i =1 i =1 n n

M = Mi
i =1

(6.11)

Trong : - VLi, NCi, Mi : l chi ph vt liu, chi ph nhn cng v chi ph my thi cng ca cng tc xy dng th i (i=1n) cu thnh trong gi xy dng tng hp.
74

Gi xy dng tng hp c th lp thnh gi y , bao gm chi ph vt liu, nhn cng, my thi cng v chi ph trc tip khc, chi ph chung v thu nhp chu thu tnh trc.

75