Giao Trinh CNC Cho May Phay

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill
N i dung A) Chu n b l p trnh. B) M l nh G. C) M l nh M. D) M l nh T,S v M. E) M l nh D v H. F) Chng trnh v d .
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Hanoi University of Industry
Chng A Chu n b l p trnh

1. Chng trnh l g ?
B n ngh g khi b n nghe th y thu t ng g i l l p trnh . B n ngh chng trnh l m t s ki n th thao, m t bi t p mang tnh gio d c,hay m t thao tc my tnh ?.Ni chung chng trnh l m t t p h p cc kh i l nh ch d n ch a ng n i dung k ho ch ho c l c vi t ra nh m th c hi n m t cng vi c, tun theo m t s quy lu t nh t nh.
O0001 G91 G28 Z0 T9001 M06 N1 G90 G00 G54 X90.0 Y105.0; G43 Z30.0 H01 S440 T5002; M03; G01 Z0 F2000;
i u khi n my NC c n ph i c m t chng trnh t t. T t cc ho t ng c a my g m c :chuy n ng quay c a tr c chnh, chuy n ng c a d ng c , i u khi n ch t lm ngu i u c th c i u khi n b ng chng trnh. Chng trnh c l p b ng cc k t v ch s . Hnh nh bn tri minh ho m t o n chng trnh. N i dung c a ra sau y trnh by nh ng b c c n thi t vi t m t chng trnh. Xin hy c c n th n tr c khi ti n
hnh l p chng trnh.
2.
Nh ng yu c u i v i ng i l p chng trnh.
Ng i l p chng trnh ph i c ki n th c v gia cng vi t chng trnh trn c s nh ng ki n th c ny v nn c k nh ng i u sau y m b o cc ho t ng chnh xc, hiu qu v an ton. Ng i l p chng trnh ph i: 1. C hi u bi t v l thuy t c t g t. 2. C ki n th c v g, phi quy t nh c phng php gia cng v m b o c qu trnh ho t ng an ton v chnh
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3.
4. 5. 6.
xc. Ch n c d ng c t thch h p trn c s phn tch cc i u ki n gia cng :hnh dng, v t li u phi, t c quay, l ng chay dao, chi u su c t, chi u r ng c t trnh cc s c c th pht sinh trong qu trnh gia cng. Hi u r kh nng gia cng c a my ang s d ng. Bi t cc thi t b an ton v ch c nng kho lin ng c a my ang s d ng. Hi u cc ch c nng c a my lin quan t i vi c l p trnh.
3.
L p chng trnh l g?
Nh ng ho t ng c n thi t khi l p m t chng trnh ? 1. Ki m tra b n v xc nh yu c u gia cng. B n v ph i c ki m tra k hi u c cc yu c u c n thi t. 2. Phn tch cc ph n gia cng, xc nh g v d ng c c n thi t.
B c
Miu t
M d ng c
Phay m t u
02
M t s ng i t o chng trnh ngay khi v a c xong b n v . S nng v i ny c th gy sai h ng v nguy hi m cho cc ho t ng c a my. 3. Xc nh cc b c gia cng trn c s thng tin v kch th c ghi trn b n v .
Khoan
03
Trnh t gia cng: tr c h t l nguyn cng phay m t u, th hai l khoan cc l .
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O0001 G91 G28 T9001; M06; N1; G90 G00 G54 X90.0 Y105.0 ................
4. l p m t chng trnh, u tin hy vi t ra gi y. Chng trnh bao g m cc ch s v k t . 5. 5.Sau khi hon thnh, c n th n ki m tra l i n i dung chng trnh.
4.
Nh p chng trnh vo my.
Sau khi vi t chng trnh, s d ng bn phm trn b ng i u khi n nh p chng trnh vo b nh NC. N i dung c a chng trnh nh p vo c th c ki m tra trn mn hnh.Th c hi n chng trnh, my s ho t ng theo theo cc kh i l nh c a chng trnh. C nh ng tr ng h p, d u ch m th p phn khng c nh p y . trnh nh ng tr ng h p , ng i l p trnh nn vi t cc gi tr s theo cch d i y: V d : (1) Z.5 Z0.5 (2) X200. X200.0 Sau khi nh p chng trnh vo ,c n ki m tra l i chng trnh m t cch c n th n xem c nh p sai hay thi u d li u hay khng.
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N u chng trnh c a vo b nh khng ph i do ng i l p trnh m do ng i i u khi n my, hy vi t th t r rng v chnh xc b t k ai cng c th c d dng. N u ng i i u khi n my c sai v nh p d li u sai, d ng c c t v i dao c th va vo g trong qu trnh gia cng, gy ra cc s c nghim tr ng, nguy hi m cho ng i v my mc.
5.
Qu trnh cho n khi hon thnh s n ph m.
5.1 Trnh t lm vi c. Ph n ny s miu t trnh t th c hi n gia cng s n ph m hon ch nh, bao g m c vi c l p chng trnh. Hi u v ti n hnh theo cc b c sau, cng vi c s c ti n hnh m t cch hi u qu . L p k ho ch s n xu t v l p trnh
1.Nghin c u b n v xc nh yu c u gia cng 2.Xc nh d ng c s d ng 3.Phn tch phng php nh v v k p 4.L p chng trnh 5.B t ngu n cho my cng c 6.Nh p chng trnh vo my 7.Lu chng trnh vo b nh 8.L p d ng c v phi ln my
Thi t l p
9.o v nh p vo gi tr b chi u cao v bn knh 10. R g phi trn bn my xc nh i m O 11. t i m O 12.Ki m tra chng trnh b ng cch ch y khng c t
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13.Ki m tra i Hanoi University ofti n hnh c t th 5. (s a u ki n gia cng b ng cch Industry chng trnh n u th y c n thi t, ch nh s a gi tr b dao n u c n thi t)
S n xu t hng lo t
a. Cc m c c n ki m tra. Cc m c c n ki m tra tr c khi gia cng c tm t t theo b ng sau. Ki m tra nh ng m c ny m b o qu trnh gia cng ch nh xc v an ton Cc m c ki m tra 1 Dung sai trn b n v ? 2 Hi u c cc k hi u th hi n chnh xc cha ? 3 Bi t r v t li u v hnh dng phi cha? 4 Hi u r cc qu trnh th c hi n tr c v sau trn trung tm gia cng cha? 5 Hi u c m u ch t khi gia cng cha? 6 Xc nh chnh xc g c phi cha? 7 Hi u r v phi cha? 8 c k t t c cc kch th c v ghi ch trn b n v cha? 9 C gi s ch s b n v v ch c ch n r ng khng cn thng tin no khng hi u. Cc m c ki m tra 1 Cc i u ki n gia cng ph h p v i hnh dng v v t li u phi khng.? 2 Phng php nh v chu n cha ? 3 L a ch n ng d ng c c t cha? 4 Th t cc b c gia cng c ph h p v i hnh dng v v t li u phi khng ? 5 Li u c kh nng va p trong qu trnh gia cng? 6 Chu n b phi u cng ngh cha Cc m c ki m tra 1 Li u chng trnh ang c vi t c ph h p v i hnh dng v v t li u phi khng?
cb n v
Cc i u ki n gia cng
2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Nh p chng trnh
Chng trnh c c l p theo cc b c gia cng hay khng D u ch m th p phn c c nh p y vo cc gi tr s hay khng? D u (+,-) c nh p tr c cc gi tr s ng cha? Ch ch y dao s d ng (ch y dao nhanh, ch y dao gia cng) s d ng ng cha? L ng ch y dao ti p c n v l ng ch y dao c t xc nh cha? ki m tra t t c d li u nh p vo chnh xc cha? Li u c nh ng l i ng u nhin trong chng trnh do m t t p trung hay khng?
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
K p d ng c (Mouting Tool)
Cc m c ki m tra i dao v ph n chui dao c lm s ch tr c khi k p cha? D ng c c th b mn ho c m khng ? Hnh dng v v t li u d ng c ph h p v i phi khng? D ng c c k p ln i dao ng cha? Chi u di d ng c c ph h p khng? Khi k p tr c dao khot ln tr c chnh, u d ng c c h ng ng c v i h ng di chuy n c a d ng c khng? T t c d ng c c ng k cha? M d ng c c c nh p chnh xc khng? M s d ng c c phn ph i ph h p v i kch th c d ng c khng? lu n kho ng cch li n k v i d ng c c ng knh l n cha? Trong kho dao c b tr h p l cc kho ng tr ng gi a l t dao to v dao nh cha? Cc m c ki m tra
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
B dao (Tool Offset)
Cng t c Door Interlock c t v tr Nomal cha? C a ng cha? Trong qu trnh thao tc b dao, c n cn nh c xem c th gy va p d ng c hay khng? T c d ng c b t to ng cha? Gi tr h t a phi c t ng cha ? G c phi c tnh ton tr ( ho c c ng) v i bn knh d ng c b t to cha ? Khi ti n hnh o d li u b chi u di d ng c , gi tr Z c a h t a s d ng t v khng cha? H ng b dao ng cha ? Ki m tra m s d ng c oc b cha? Ki m tra d li u b hnh h c, b mn v h to h th ng c s d ng cho vi c b dao cha ? Ki m tra d li u b bn knh v chi u cao d ng c ng cha? Cc m c ki m tra Kho DOOR INTERLOCK c t vo v tr Nomal cha ? C a ng cha? b t ch ch y t ng kh i l nh hay cha? B c ti n dao v t c c t ph h p cha? Ch ch y dao( ch y dao nhanh hay ch y c t g t) ng cha? H ng rt dao sau khi c t chnh xc cha? Chuy n ng c a d ng c trong vng tnh ton khng m b o khng va p cha? Ki m tra kh nng va p c a d ng c v i phi v g cha? C th d ng kh n c p trong qu trnh gia cng hay khng? Sau khi k t thc ch y th khng c t g t (Dry run), chuy n l i cng t c, trn b ng i u khi n(Dry run, Feedrate) v v tr ng cha ? Cc m c ki m tra Kho DOOR INTERLOCK c t vo v tr Nomal cha?
Hanoi University of Industry 8
1 2 3 4 5 Ch y th khng c t (Dry run) 6 7 8 9 10
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2 3 4 5 Ch y c t th (Test cutting) 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
C a ng cha? Ch c nng ch y chng trnh theo kh i l nh n c b t cha? i u ki n gia cng ( chi u su c t, chi u r ng c t, l ng ch y dao, t c tr c chnh) h p l cha ? Trnh t nguyn cng v b c gia cng c ph h p v i hnh dng v v t li u phi hay khng? L a ch n d ng c c t h p l cha? L a ch n g ph h p khng? Phng php k p phi ng ng cha? Qu trnh c t c th c quan st khng ? Lu l ng v h ng phun dung d ch lm ngu i c ng khng? D ng c c t c th va p v i phi v g khng? Kch th c c c o sau c t th cha ? Cng t c Override trn b ng i u khi n c c t t i % ph h p v i l ng ch y dao nhanh v ch y dao c t g t khng? C th d ng my kh n c p trong qu trnh gia cng khng? Cc m c ki m tra chnh xc d ng c o c ph h p khng? L a ch n d ng c o ng khng? Trnh t o ng khng? Phng php o ph h p cha? Vng c o c c xc nh r rng khng? Vng c o c th b l n phoi v dung dich lm mt khng? Kch th c c c o sau qu trnh c t th hay khng? Khi o, phi c c lm mt khng ? Cc m c ki m tra Kho DOOR INTERLOCK c t vo v tr Nomal cha? C a ng cha? T t c cc ch c nng NC nh SingleBlock ki m tra chng trnh c t t cha? M c tiu th i gian gia cng cho m t phi l bao nhiu? mn dao c c ki m sot khng ?
14
o l ng (Measuring ) 7 8 1 2 3 s n xu t hng lo t 4 5
1 2 3 4 5 6
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(Mass 6 production)
Kch th c c c o sau qu trnh c t th hay khng?
6. Cc thu t ng trong l p trnh.

Trong ph n ny s trnh by m t s thu t ng c b n c dng khi l p m t chng trnh. 6.1. S chng trnh (Program number). C th lu tr nhi u chng trnh trong trong b nh NC. S chng trnh dng lu tr nhi u chng trnh, phn bi t v i cc chng trnh khc trong b nh v c x p x p theo m t tr t t nh t nh. S chng trnh (d ng s ) ph i c t t i dng u tin c a chng trnh. S chng trnh c xc nh b ng b n ch s ho c t hn, sau k t Alphabet O, t 1 to 9999. O0001;----------------------------------------- S chng trnh G91G28Z0T9001; M06; N1; G90G00G54X90.0Y105.0; : M01; M06; N2; G90G00G54X0Y0; ........ M30; N u s chng trnh a vo c trong b nh , chng trnh khng th c nh p vo. nh p chng trnh, ph i i l i tn chng trnh. S chng trnh c th c t hn 4 ch s . V d n u b n nh p tn chng trnh l O1, mn hnh s t ng hi n th O0001.
ch
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6.2. S th t (Sequence number). S th t s d ng tm ki m ho c g i t i v tr m t dng l nh ang s d ng, ho c tm m t v tr m b n mu n s a ch a chng trnh d dng. S th t c th hi n b ng m t s g m 5 ch s theo sau k t N. Thng th ng, s t t dng ch nh m t ph n chng trnh, s d ng cho m t d ng c c t xc nh theo th t .
O0001 G91G28Z0T9001 M06; N1;------------------------------------------------ S th t G90G00G54X90.0Y105.0; G91G28Z0M05; M01; M06; N2;------------------------------------------------ S th t G90G00G54X0Y0; M30; 1. N u m t s th t c s ch s l n hn 5, th 5 ch s t v tr c gi tr nh nh t c nh n l s th t 2. Khng nh t thi t ph i s d ng s th t . N u m t dung l ng chng trnh qu di v v t qu s c ch a c a b nh th t s th t vo v tr b t u c a m i nguyn cng (hay b c), ho c khng s d ng s th t , i u ny s gip ti t ki m b nh . 6.3. o n chng trnh (Part Program). o n chng trnh ch a cc thng tin c n thi t cho vi c th c hi n t ng nguyn cng (hay b c) c ti n hnh b i m t d ng c .
O0001; G91G28Z0T9001; M06; N1; G90G00G54X90.0Y105.0; G43Z30.0H1S440T502; M01; M06;

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(Ph n chng trnh dnh cho d ng c s 9001)
N2; G90G00G54X0Y0; G43Z30.0H2S800T5002; G91G28Z0M05; M01; M06 6.4.
(Ph n chng trnh dnh cho d ng c s 5002)
a ch (Address). S d ng ch ci trong b ng Alphabet nh ngha m t a ch . G01 Z0 a ch F2000
6.5. D li u (Data). Nh ng s (bao g m k hi u v d u ch m th p phn) theo sau a ch c g i l D li u. G01 Z0 F2000
ch
D li u. Ngoi ra, cc thng tin khc a vo h th ng NC cho vi c gia cng phi cng c g i l d li u. Xc nh r ki u c a d li u t vi c gi i thch kh i l nh
6.6.
T l nh (Word). T l nh l n v nh nh t g i m t ch c nng xc nh. M t t bao g m c a ch v d li u. G01 Z0 F2000
T 6.7. Kh i l nh (Block). Kh i l nh l n v l nh nh nh t c n thi t i u khi n my, ng th i cng l n v nh nh t t o nn chng trnh. M t kh i l nh bao g m nhi u t l nh. Trong chng trnh, m i dng l nh tng ng v i m t kh i l nh.
O0001;..................................................... Kh i th nh t. G91G28Z0T9001;......................................Kh i th hai. M06;...........................................................K i th ba.

ch
Kh i l nh c k t thc b ng k t [;].
Tm t t. M t chng trnh bao g m cc t l nh, s kt h p c a a ch v d li u, m t kh i l nh bao g m nhi u t l nh, nh c minh ho sau y: O0001;---------------------------------------s chng trnh. G91G28Z0T9001;-------------------------kh i l nh N1;--------------------------------------------s th t G90G00G54X90.0Y105.0; o n G91G28Z0M05;---------------------------kh i l nh. chng Chng M01; trnh trnh M06; N2;------------------------------------------- s th t . o n G90G00G54X0Y0;----------------------- kh i l nh chng trnh : G91G28Z0M05; M30;----------------------------------------- kh i l nh
6.8.
7.
i u khi n v nh h ng cc tr c.
Trong ph n ny s miu t chuy n ng theo cc tr c c i u khi n v quan h c a chng trong chng trnh.
Hi u k v phng chi u cc tr c i u khi n l r t c n thi t khi l p trnh. 7.1. Di chuy n theo cc tr c i u khi n. Trong ph n ny s nh ngha cc tr c v cch xc nh cc tr c trong chng trnh. 7.1.1. Lo t my MV,SV,SVD. Cc tr c i u khi n v h ng c a chng c xc nh nh sau: Tr c B ph n chi u dng(+) v m(-) X Bnmy chi u +
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Bn my
u tr c chnh
v bn tri, n u quan st t m t tr c my t i phi chi u + h ng ra m t ph ng tr c c a my. (H ng quan st t thn my n phi) chi u + i ln ,quan st my t m t tr c (h ng ln, quan st theo chi u t phi ln tr c quay c a d ng c ).
7.2.
Di n t chuy n ng cc tr c trong chng trnh. MV,SV,SVD, hi u(+),(-) h ng cc tr c
V i lo t my cc k xc nh chuy n ng.
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Tr c c i u khi n. X
Chuy n ng gi nh khi l p trnh N u d ng c c gi Tr ng h p l nh X+__, nh l di chuy n trong bn my di chuy n sang khi bn my khng tri ,khi quan st my t chuy n ng, c ngha m t ph ng tr c l d ng c di chuy n sang ph i V i l nh Y+__ th N u d ng c c gi nh l di chuy n trong bn my ch y v pha ng i i u khi n. khi bn my khng chuy n ng, c ngha l d ng c di chuy n sang t v tr ng i i u khi n t i thn my V i l nh Z+__ th Cng h-ng v i chuy n bn my i ln, theo ng th c h ng nhn t m t tr c
Chuy n ng th c.
N u gi thi t d ng c di chuy n, trong khi bn my ng yn, th phng, chi u cc tr c c nh ngha nh d i y:
8.
i m g c phi.
Khi a ra l nh di chuy n d ng c c t t i i m A, v d , n u khng c i m tham chi u, my s khng th tm c to i m A.

i m tham chi u c thi t l p cho chng trnh c g i l i m g c phi, i m (X0,Y0,Z0). Trong chng trnh, gi tr to (X,Y,Z) c tham chi u v i i m g c phi. Theo , g c phi ph i c xc nh r rng. i m g c phi nn c xc nh t i i m m c th xc nh m t cch thu n ti n. Vi c xc nh g c phi lm cho cho vi c l p trnh tr ln d dng cng nh l m b o chnh xc. Trn b n v , g c phi c k hi u nh sau: <V d v t i m g c phi>
1).V d v t g c phi t i tm d dng tnh ton to tm l , ho c cc h c trn. (pocket)
2).Khi d ng hnh h c c a chi ti t gia cng c tnh i x ng, ch n g c phi nh hnh v tnh ton to d dng.
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9.
To l p trnh.
xc nh chuy n ng c a d ng c c t t i m hi n t i t i i m ti p theo (i m ch ), s d ng 2 ki u l nh sau y : 1. L nh tuy t i . 2. L nh gia s . Khi vi t chng trnh, ph i hi u r b n ch t c a t ng lo i to ny, s d ng h p l. 9.1. L nh tuy t i. L nh tuy t i nh ngha t a m t i m b ng kho ng cch, c d u (+) ,(-) xc nh, t i m g c phi (X0,Y0,Z0). Ch l nh tuy t i c xc nh v i l nh G90. L nh v i h t a tuy t i(1)
To c a i m (1) v (2) vi t trong h to tuy t i G90 X100 Y10.0;...................(1). X-20.0Y20;.....................(2). 1. D u dng c th b nhng d u m th ph i c vi t y . X+10.0 X10.0 Y-10.0 Y-10.0 2. Gi tr c vi t trong (O,O) trong hnh bn tri l gi tr to c a (X,Y).
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L nh v i h t a tuy t i (2) Di n t cc i m (1),(2), (3) v (4) theo h to tuy t i trn m t ph ng X-Y-Z.
G90 X-175.0 Y-100 Z50.0;.........(1). (G90)X175.0(Y-100) Z50.0;........(2). (G90)(X175.0)Y100(Z50.0);........(3). (G90)X-175.0 (Y100.0) (Z50.0);..(4) Cc t l nh trong (...), tng t cc kh i l nh tr c , c th c b qua. L nh gia s . L nh gia s nh ngha to m t i m b ng cch ch ra kho ng cch di chuy n t i m hi n t i. Chi u dng ch ra r ng i m n m theo h ng dng so v i i m hi n t i. Ch l nh gia s c xc nh v i l nh G91
9.2
Di n t l nh gia s (1). S d ng l nh gia s di chuy n d ng c t i m (1) t i i m (2).
G90X10.0Y10.0;...................................(1). G91X-30.0Y10.0;..................................(2). 1). V i to d u dng c th b nhng d u m th khng c b . X+30.0 X30.0. Y-10.0 Y-10.0. 2). Gi tr c vi t trong (O,O) trong hnh bn l gi tr to c a (X,Y) Di n t l nh gia s (2). S d ng l nh gia s di chuy n qua cc i m (1),(2),(3) v (4).
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G90X-175.0Y-100.0Z50.0;....................(1). G91X350.0(Y0)(Z0);..............................(2). (G91)(X0)Y200.0(Z0);............................(3). (G91)X-350.(Y0)(Z0);.............................(4). Cc t l nh trong (...), tng t cc kh i l nh tr c , c th c b qua. 9.2. Tm t t. S khc nhau gi a l p trnh theo to tuy t i v gia s c tm t t theo b ng d i y. L p trnh tuy t i K t a ch . ngha d u (+,-) G90(X_;Y_;Z_;) th hi n vng t n t i c a i m kho ng cch so v i g c phi i m g c phi L p trnh tng i G91(X_;Y_;Z_;) h ng chuy n ng ti p theo c a d ng c Hnh trnh c n di chuy n ti p theo V tr d ng c hi n t i.
ngha c a gi tr s .
i m tham chi u
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(X0,Y0,Z0).
Ni chung, m t chng trnh th ng c vi t theo l nh tuy t i. L nh gia s th ng c s d ng khi l p trnh gia cng nh ng ph n l p i l p l i theo t ng b c c nh.
10. Xc nh i u ki n c t g t.
Cc i u ki n c t g t c thi t l p khi l p chng tr nh c nh h ng l n n s an ton, hi u su t v chnh xc gia cng, c t khi l p chng trnh. Cc i u ki n ny ph i c ki m tra c n th n. Sau y l 4 i u ki n c t g t c n ph i quan tm khi gia cng 1. T c tr c chnh (Spindle Speed) (min-1). S400;.................T c tr c chnh 400v/ph
ch
min-1 c ngha l vng/pht
2. T c ti n dao c t (Cutting Feedrate) (mm/min) T c ti n dao c t tr c ti p sau a ch F F100;................. T c ti n dao 100m/ph
3. Chi u su c t (Depth of cut)
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Khng c ch c nng c bi t xc nh chi u su c t. Chi u su c t t c b ng cch di chuy n d ng c theo tr c Z. V i nguyn cng gia cng l , chi u su c t c th c ch nh b ng cch s d ng m t a ch . V i nguyn cng gia cng l , chi u su c t c th ch ra b ng a ch .(c th hn, c th tham kh o ph n sau c a gio trnh).
ch
4. Chi u r ng c t.(Cutting Width). Khng c ch c nng c bi t ch nh chi u r ng c t Chi u r ng c t t c b ng cch di chuy n d ng c theo tr c X v Y.
11. Cc d ng m l nh.
M t chng trnh c l p b ng cch s d ng k t v ch s . Cc m l nh G,M,S,F,T,D,v H l th hi n cc ch c nng chnh.Chi ti t v cc m l nh ny s c trnh by chng B v cc chng k ti p. B ng d i y s khi qut cc ch c nng trn. M M G Cc ch c nng. Ch ra phng php gia cng trong m i kh i l nh ho c chuy n ng theo cc tr c. Tr c cc l nh ny, NC s chu n b cho chuy n ng trong m i kh i l nh. V l do ny, ch c nng G cn c g i l ch c nng chu n b . G i l cc ch c nng ph v lm vi c nh m t ch c nng h tr cho ch c nng G. V d :M08;.................. .b t dung d ch lm ngu i. M09;....................t t dung d ch lm ngu i. t t c quay c a tr c chnh . V d :S400;..................l t c tr c v i 400vng/pht. t t c ti n dao V d :F100;..................l l ng ti n dao 100mm/pht. Ch nh m s d ng c . V d :T1;......................l g i d ng c c t s 1.
M M
M S M F
M T
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M D
M H
Ch nh m s b bn knh d ng c V d :D1;.......................b bn knh d ng c theo gi tr lu trong a ch 1 c a b nh . Ch nh m s b chi u di d ng c V d :H01.....................b chi u di d ng c theo gi tr lu trong a ch 1 c a b nh .
T v a ch .
B ng d i y a ra v gi i thch cc T v a ch c s d ng trong chng trnh : Ch c nng S chng trnh S th t Ch c nng chu n b . T kho kch th c a ch :(ISO)/O(EIA). N G X,Y,Z,A,B,C R I,J,K ngha. S chng trnh S th t D ng chuy n ng L nh di chuy n theo cc tr c: Cung bn knh, gc R. To tm .... T c ti n dao,b c ren. T c quay tr c chnh. S hi u d ng c s ,m s b d ng c . i u khi n t t m my....... ......................................... M s b Th i gian d ng. g i s tn chng trnh con. S l n l p trong chng trnh m s l n l p trong chng trnh con
Ch c nng ti n dao Ch c nng t c quay tr c chnh . Ch c nng d ng c Ch c nng h n h p
F S T M B
M s b d ng c D ng S chng trnh nh r s ti p theo L p i l p l i
H P,U,X P P,Q P
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T v a ch
B ng d i y gi i thch s khc bi t c a T v a ch trong chng trnh. a ch B C F G ngha Xc nh v tr trn tr c B (l nh tuy t i) Ch nh gc quay c a tr c chnh (l nh tuy t i) T c ti n dao. Phng php gia cng v chuy n ng c a cc tr c trong m i kh i l nh thu c chng trnh Ch nh gc quay c a tr c chnh (l nh gia s ) M t thnh ph n c a l nh n i suy cung trn, tng ng v i l ng di chuy n theo tr c X M t thnh ph n c a l nh n i suy cung trn, tng ng v i l ng di chuy n theo tr c Y M t thnh ph n c a l nh n i suy cung trn, tng ng v i l ng di chuy n theo tr c Z i u khi n cc ch c nng ON/ OFF c a my. S th t
N
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O P
S chng trnh. t th i gian d ng v tn chng trnh con Chi u su c t m i lt khi s d ng chu trnh gia cng l . Gi tr bn knh trong l nh n i suy cung tron. T c quay tr c chnh S d ng c . V tr trn tr c X (l nh gia s ) v l nh th i gian trong ch c nng d ng . V tr trn tr c Z (l nh gia s ) v l nh th i gian trong ch c nng d ng V tr trn tr c Y (l nh gia s ) v l nh th i gian trong ch c nng d ng V tr trn tr c Z (l nh tuy t i)
R S T U
W X Z
12. M u c b n c a m t chng trnh.

y l m u o n chng trnh khi l p chuong trnh cho cc d ng c (phay b m t, phay ngn vv....).: O0001;..........................Tn chng trnh (Dng l nh ny ch c a ra m t l n vo th i i m b t u chng trnh). N1;............................... S? th t (dng l nh ny ch c a ra m t l n B t u nguyn cng hay b c m i).
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G90G00G54X_Y_; ......Ch y dao nhanh n X_Y theo to tuy t i i m g c phi c xc nh b i G54 d?n G59. G43Z_H_S_T_(M08); Di chuy n dao n to Z g i gi tr b dao H theo chi u Z c a dao v g i d ng c ti p theo (T) t i v tr thay dao. t t c tr c chnh quay v i v n t c S v l nh b t dung d ch t i ngu i (M08)
ch
M03; G00 Z_(M09); G91G28Z0M05; M01; M06
M08 c th c b i n u khng c n t i ngu i Quay tr c chnh theo chi u thu n Rt d ng c tr v , t t dung d ch lm ngu i. Tr v i m g c my, d ng tr c chnh D ng t m th i i d ng c
N2................................ ..................................... M6................................ M30; K t thc chng trnh ,quay v dng u chng trnh
13. Nh ng ch khi l p chng trnh.

13.1. S chng trnh. T t c cc tn chng trnh ph i trong kho ng 4 ch s . Tuy nhin, khng c n thi t ph i vi t y c 4 ch s . M t tn chng trnh c nh p t hn b n ch s s c nh n ra v hi n th thnh m t tn b n ch s sau khi c nh p vo NC. N u nh p vo l O1, NC s nh n ra v hi n th thnh O0001.
ch
Vi c nh p tn chng trnh nm ch s ho c hn l khng c php.
13.2. Kho ng cch gi a l nh trong chuong trnh.
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O0001; G91 G28 Z0 T9001; M06; N1; G90_G00 G54 X90 Y105.0;..................................(1). G43_Z30.0 H1 S440 T5002; Kho ng tr ng.
M t chng trnh s c vi t theo cch sau y: Trn dng (1), 1 kho ng tr ng c t gi a G00 v G90. Khi nh p chng trnh, khng th chn 1 kho ng tr ng vo gi a cc t l nh. Tuy nhin khi nh p chng trnh vo b nh NC, m t kho ng tr ng s c t ng chn vo gi a cc t l nh. 13.3. D u v k hi u. M t chng trnh c l p b ng cc k t Alphabet, cc d u +,-,cc k hi u, cc ch s v d u ch m th p phn. Ngoi ra, t i cu i i m m i kh i l nh s d ng d u ; k t thc l nh v k hi u / b qua m t kh i l nh. Ch c nng b qua m t dng l nh: ch N u ch c nng ny c kch ho t, cc dng l nh b t u b ng d u / s c b qua cho t i dng l nh ti p theo. Chng trnh ti p t c th c hi n cc dng l nh khng ch a d u /. N u ch c nng b qua m t dng l nh khng c kch ho t, chng trnh s th c hi n t t c cc dng l nh , k c nh ng dng l nh c d u / . Cc k hi u sau y u c s d ng: [,] [*] [ [ ] ] [( )] [#]. Ch k hi u [ @ ] khng c dng.
13.4 Nh p d u ch m th p phn. V i h NC, c th s d ng d u ch m th p phn vo d li u s , bao g m nh kho ng cch, gc, th i gian, t c . Cc a ch sau cho php s d ng d u ch m th p phn. Kho?ng cch v gc : X,Y,Z,U,W,A,B,C,I,J,K,Q,R. Th?i gian :X T?c d? ti?n dao : F
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Khi a m t gi tr s sau m t a ch , ph i ch c ch n gi tr a l chnh xc, n u thi u ho c sai v tr c a d u ch m th p phn c th gy va p khi ch y chng trnh s c th gy h h ng my. s d ng h mm, s d ng G21. X1.0 = X1mm X1 = X0.001 mm (N u khng c d u ch m th p phn, chng trnh s coi gi tr theo n v nh nh t ) s d ng h inch, s d ng G21. X1.0 = X1inch X1 = X0.001 inch (N u khng c d u ch m th p phn, chng trnh s coi gi tr theo n v nh nh t) .
ch
(2)
C nhi u gi i h n trong cc n v s d ng, tu thu c vo lo i a ch s d ng. Cc n v s d ng l: mm inch , v giy. X150.0 X15mm hay X15inches. G04 X10 D?ng 1 giy. F10.0 10 mm/rev, 10 mm/pht,10inch/rev, 10 inch/pht (2) Trong tr ng h p s d ng l nh th i gian d ng, d u ch m th p phn c th s d ng v i a ch X. Tuy nhin, khng c s d ng d u ch m th p phn n u dng a ch P, v a ch P ng th i cng dng ch s th t . (1) g i m l nh d ng trong 1gi : G04 X3600.0 (1gi = 3600s). Trong chng trnh hay trong m t kh i l nh c th dng ho c khng dng d u ch m th p phn. X1000 Z23.7; X10.0 Z22359; (1)
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Chng B M l nh G ____________________________________
1. Danh sch cc m G.
M G c th coi l m l nh chu?n b?. M G, bao g m cc a ch G v gi tr s , sau xc nh cc phng php gia cng v chuy n ng trn cc tr c trong m t cu l nh. H NC s thi t l p cc d ng i u khi n p ng m G c ch ra. Gi tr s theo sau a ch G nh ngha cc l nh, c vi t trong t ng kh i. Ph thu c vo cc m G ti p sau, chng s c phn lo i thnh 2 ki u sau: Ki u l nh D ng m G n (M G trong 1 nhm 00 ngo i tr G10 v G11) D ng m G Module (M G theo nhm ) ngha Ch c hi u l c trong m t kh i xc nh
M G c hi u l c cho n khi m t m G khc c a ra
V d , G00 v G01 c 2 u l d ng m theo module , chng u l d ng m G theo nhm, tr nhm 00. G01 X_ Y_ ; G01 C hiu lc trong on X_; chng trnh n y Y_; G00 X_ Y_;
ch
1. Khi a ra m G trong m 2. 3.
t cu l nh, chng ph i c t tr c a ch . N u t m G sau m t a ch m n thi t l p ch lm vi c, ch c thi t l p s khng c hi u l c v i a ch . Trong cng m t cu l nh, c th s d ng nhi u m G, i u ny tu thu c t ng nhm m G khc nhau. N u nhi u m G a ra trong 1 cu l nh, cc m G ch ra sau cng s c hi u l c.
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4. N 5. 6. 7.
M G00 G01 G02 G03 G04 G09 G10 G10.6 G11 G17 G18 G19 G20 G21 G27 G28 G29 G30 G30.1 G31 G33 G40 G41 G42
u 1 m G khng c trong b ng m G ho c khng c trong ph n l a ch n b xung a ra, tn hi u c nh bo (No. 010) s hi n trn mn hnh. NC thi t l p ch m G , xc nh b i bi u t ng ?, khi ngu n i n c b t ln. taro c ng, t M29 S_ trong kh i l nh tr c kh i l nh ch a G84 ho c G74. i v i cc my c APC, i m g c th 3,4 c dng i u khi n APC , khng dng cho m c ch khc. Nhm M lnh Xc nh v tr Ni suy tuyn tnh Ni suy cung trn/xon vt/ xon Acsimet/ hnh nn cng chiu kim ng h. Ni suy cung trn/xon vt/ xon Acsimet/ hnh nn ngc chiu kim ng h. Dng tnh tin dng c/Dng chnh xc Dng chnh xc Thay i h to phi Hu ch G10 Chn mt mt phng gia cng XY Chn mt mt phng gia cng XZ Chn mt mt phng gia cng ZY t n v l m vic theo h inch t n v l m vic theo h mm Quay v gc my Tr quay v gc my t ng Quay v gc my th 2, th 3 hoc th 4 im O th hai /th ba, th t B qua m lnh Ct ren Hu b hiu chnh b bn knh Hiu chnh bn knh dng c ct, dao bn tri cng tua gia cng Hiu chnh bn knh dng c ct, dao bn phi cng tua gia cng
01
00 02 06
00
01 07
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G43 G44 G45 G46 G47 G48 G49 G52 G53 G54 G55 G56 G57 G58 G59 G60 G61 G62 G63 G64 G65 G66 G67 G72.1 G72.2 G73 G74 G76 G80 G81 G82 G83 G84 G84.2 G84.3 G85 G86 G87 G88
08
00 08 00
14
00 15 00 12 00
B chiu d i dng c , + B chiu d i dng c , B v tr dng c , tng B v tr dng c , gim B v tr dng c , tng 2 ln B v tr dng c , gim 2 ln Hu b chiu d i dng c t h to a phng La chn h to my La chn h to phi th nht La chn h to phi th hai La chn h to phi th ba La chn h to phi th t La chn h to phi th nm La chn h to phi th su Tip cn theo mt hng M lnh dng chnh xc
c Ch Taro
Ch ct gt (ch kim tra dng chnh xc) Gi marco Gi nhm marco Hu gi nhm marco Gia cng l su tc cao Chu trnh taro Chu trnh khot l Hu chu trnh gia cng l Chu trnh khoan l nng Chu trnh khot l bc Chu trnh gia cng l su Chu trnh taro Chu trnh taro cng Chu trnh taro cng, ren tri Chu trnh khot l Chu trnh khot l Chu trnh khot l, mt sau. Chu trnh khot l
09
Chu trnh gia cng l
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G89 G90 G91 G92 G94 G95 G96 G97 G98 G99 03 00 13 10
Chu trnh khot l t h to tuyt i t h to gia s i h to phi/ t tc quay ln nht t tc tin dao /pht t tc tin dao /vng Tc b mt khng i Hu tc b mt khng i t kiu rt dao, trong chu trnh gia cng l t kiu rt dao, trong chu trnh gia cng l
2.
Cc d ng to ( G90 , G91).
(L nh t to tuy t i v gia s )
Nh ng m l nh nh m xc nh d ng chuy n ng t v tr hi n t i t i v tr ti p theo (i m ch) (1). Chuy n ng trong to tuy t i . G90 (2). Chuy n ng trong to giai s ....G91 Cu l nh v i h to tuy t i G90 Kh i l nh tuy t i ch ra to i m ch theo h to c a g c phi (X0,Y0,Z0). Cu l nh t h to gia s G91 L nh v i h to gia s nh ngha to i m ch b ng hnh trnh c n di chuy n trn cc tr c t i i m tnh t v tr hi n t i. Chi u dng ch ra r ng v tr i m ti p theo n m theo h ng dng so v i i m hi n t i. Kh i l nh tuy t i G90 X_Y_Z_; 2. Kh i l nh gia s G91 X_Y_ Z_; G90 .. ra l nh lm vi c v i h to tuy t i. G91 .. ra l nh lm vi c v i h to gia s . X,Y,Z (G90 ) ch ra h ng v kho ng cch t i i m ch, tnh t g c phi (G91) ch ra kho ng di chuy n t i i m ch tnh t i m hi n t i. 1.
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ch
Khi s d ng G90, n s c hi u l c kho n khi G91 c s d ng trong chng trnh. Tng t nh v y, G91 s c hi u l c, n u c ch ra trong chng trnh, cho n khi a ra G90. Nh ng m G nh v y c g i l m G module. i v i nhm m G, tham kh o B-1(1.) K hi u chi u dng (+) c th b qua , k t (-) ph i ghi y .
L p trnh s d ng G90 v G91 t

Y
(1)-(2)
Chng trnh cho d ng c chuy n ng theo tr c X & tr c Y <V i l nh tuy t i > G90G00 X10.0 Y10.0....................(1) X-20.0 Y20.0................................(2) < V i l nh gia s > G90 G00 X10.0 Y10.0;................. (1) G91 X-30.0 Y10.0;........................(2) Gi tr c vi t trong (O,O) hnh minh ho bn tri, ch ra gi tr to
c a (X,Y) Chng trnh s d ng G90 & G91 ( 2 ) L p trnh chuy n ng (1)- (2)- (3)- (4) trn tr c X , Y , Z
< V i h to tuy t i > G90 G00 X-175.0 Y-100.0 Z50.0 ; .......(1) X175 (Y-100.0 ) ( Z50.0 ) ; .(2) ( X175.0 ) Y100.0 ( Z50.0 ) ; ..(3) X-175 (Y100.0 ) ( Z50.0 ) ; .(4) < V i h to gia s > G90 G00 X-175.0 Y-100.0 Z50.0 ;.(1) G91 X350 (Y0) (Z0) ;.......(2) (X0 ) Y200.0 (Z0) ; ...(3) X-350.0 (Y0) (Z0) ; ..........(4) Cc t l nh trong ( ..............) c th b qua. Cc l nh vi t trong k hi u (...) c th c b qua.
Chng trnh s d ng G90 v G91 ( 3 ) L p trnh di chuy n d ng c theo (1) (2) (3) (4) trn trn tr c X v Y, s d ng v i h tuy t i v gia s .
G90 G00 X10.0 Y10.5;...................(1) X-20.0 Y20.0;.................................(2) G91 X5.0 Y-30.0;..........................(3) X25.0 Y-10.0;.................................(4) G90 X20.0 Y-10.0;........................(5)
5. G00 Di chuy n d ng c v i t c ch y khng c t.

(T c ti n dao l n nh t)
Khi s d ng kh i l nh G00, t t c cc l nh chuy n ng u th c hi n v i t c ch y dao nhanh nh t. M G00 th ng xuyn c s d ng trong 4 ho t ng sau:
1. Di chuy n t i i m b t u gia cng (Di chuy n d ng c t i g n phi) 2. Sau qu trnh c t g t Rt dao ra kh i phi, khi c t g t k t thc, di chuy n n vng gia cng ti p theo.
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Khi di chy n d ng c v i t c ch y dao nhanh khng c t, ph i ch c ch n khng c v t c n no trn ng d ng c . 3. K t thc gia cng a d ng c ra xa phi khi qu trnh c t g t k t thc. G00 X_Y_Z_; G00 ............. g i m l nh ch y dao nhanh X,Y, Z v tr. N u chuy n ng trn cc tr c X,Y,Z c a ra ng th i trong cng m t kh i l nh th ng ch y dao c th l ng cho t i m hi n t i n i m cu i l p trnh. Do , khi ch y dao nhanh, nh t thi t ph i m b o trn ng ch y dao khng c v t c n. N u g p nh ng v t c n nh g, phi...., d ng c c t ho c i dao c th b va p, d n n s c h h ng. 1.
ch
Khi s d ng G00 trong chng trnh, n lun c hi u l c cho n khi m t m G khc trong nhm 01 c a ra ( G00, G01, G02 , G03.
2. 3. 4.
V i m G, c th tham kh o trong B_1(1.). T c ch y dao nhanh thay i tu thu c vo t ng my . Trn m t my c th , t c ch y dao nhanh c i u ch nh m t cch thch ng b ng cng t c i u khi n, trn b ng i u khi n. N u cng t c i u khi n t c ch y dao trn b ng i u khi n t v 0, t c ch y dao nhanh khng c th c hi n . Chng trnh s d ng G00.
- Chng trnh i u khi n d ng c (3) (4)
c t di chuy n theo (1) (2)
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O0001; N1; G90 G00X33.0 Y25.0 .Ch y dao nhanh t i i m 1 X-31.0 ...Ch y dao nhanh t i i m 2 X15.0 Y-15.0 ...Ch y dao nhanh t i i m 3 X15.0 Y25.0 Ch y dao nhanh t i i m 4 V G00 thu c nhm m G module, n s c hi u l c trong cc kh i lin ti p, do t t c cc l nh di chuy n trong cc kh i l nh trn u c th c hi n t c ch y dao nhanh.
7. Di chuy n d ng c theo ng th ng v i t c ch y dao c t g t.

S d ng l nh G01, d ng c ch y theo ng th ng gia cng T c ti n dao xc nh b ng gi tr ghi sau m F, chnh l t c ti n d ng c trong m t pht.
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L nh ny c s d ng cho phay m t u, phay h c s d ng dao phay ngn, ho c dao h c c g n m nh c t. G01 X_Y_Z_F_; G01 .............G i m l nh n i suy tuy n tnh. X,Y,Z..........T a i m ch gia cng. F...................L ng ch y dao. 1. Khi l nh G01 c s d ng, n c hi u l c cho n khi m t m G khc trong nhm 01 c ch ra. ( v d G00, G02, G03). 2. T c ti n dao c th c i u ch nh b ng cng t c i u khi ntrn b ng i u khi n, ph m vi i u ch nh t 0%-150%. Khi b t u chng trnh, t c ti n dao c t b ng 0. N u khng t t c ti n dao sau m F, chng trnh s hi n th thng bo l i (No.011).
ch
3.
Chng trnh s d ng G01. Chng trnh i u khi n d ng c c t chuy n ng t (1)-(2)-(3)-(4) v i t c c t.
O0001; N1; G90 G01 X33.0 Y25.0 F500;Ch y dao t i i m (1), v i t c ti n dao l 500mm/min. X-31.0....................................................Ch y dao t i i m (2), v i t c ti n dao l 500mm/min. X15.0 Y15.0F250 ..................................Ch y dao t i i m (3), v i t c
ti n dao l 250mm/min. X15.0 Y-25.0..........................................Ch y dao t i i m (4), v i t c ti n dao l 250mm/min. G01 l m G module, n c tc d ng v i cc kh i ti p theo. Chnh v v y, cc l nh chuy n ng trn c th c hi n v i cng m t t c ti n dao cho n khi g p t c ti n dao m i.
8. G02, G03 di chuy n d ng c theo cung trn v i t c ti n dao c t g t.
G02, G03 c s d ng khi gia cng cung trn. N i suy cung trn trn m t ph ng XY G17 G02(G03)X_Y_I_J_F_; G17 G02(G03)X_Y_R_F_; 2. N i suy cung trn trn m t ph ng ZX G18 G02(G03)X_Z_I_K_F_; G18 G02(G03)X_Z_R_F_; 3. N i suy cung trn trn m t ph ng ZY G19 G02(G03)X_Z_J_K_F_; G19 G02(G03)X_Z_R_F_; -G17, G18, G19 ...L a ch n m t ph ng ni nh cung trn c nh ngha. -G02..........................................G i n i suy cung trn theo chi u kim ng h .
1.
-G03..........................................G i n i suy cung trn ng c chi u kim ng h . -X ,Y ,Z....................................To i m cu i cung trn. -I, J, K.......................................Kho ng cch v chi u tnh t i m b t u cung trn n tm cung trn. -R... ..Bn knh cung trn. -F......T c ch y dao.
ch
2.
3.
Khi b t u b t i n, G17 (l a ch n m t ph ng XY) c l a ch n ng m nh. N u mu n gia cng cc cung trn trn m t ph ng ZX,ZY , c n ch n m t ph ng b ng l nh G18,G19. Thng th ng, cc cung trn c th c hi n trn m t ph ng XY (G17). khi gia cng trn m t ZX v YZ l a ch n m t ph ng b ng l nh G18,G19. D u (+) v (-), v i l nh R xc nh theo quy t c sau y. -V i cung trn 1800 c th dng c d u (+), (-). -N u cung trn n m trong cung 1800, R>0. -N u cung trn l n hn cung 1800, R<0. R>0 Cung trn 1800 ho c nh hn. R<0 Cung trn 1800 ho c l n hn. Khi ch nh bn knh R, gi tr R ph i tun theo nh ng i u ki n sau: 1.
Rcung trn
L R 2
Bn knh
4. 5.
(mm) L Chi u di dy cung. Khi c t m t cung trn kn, khng s d ng l nh R. S d ng I, J, v K nh ngha bn knh. Khi l nh I, J, K c s d ng cng v i l nh R trong cng cu l nh, l nh R s c u tin . I,J,K khng c s d ng. c t cung trn m t cch chnh xc, s d ng l nh I, J, K thay v R. N u nh l nh R c s d ng th c nhi u tr ng h p tm c a ng trn khng c xc nh chnh xc do sai s
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c a php n i suy cung trn. G02, G03 c xc nh b ng cch quan st theo chi u ng c v i chi u dng c a c a tr c. Tr c quan st l tr c khng n m trn m t ph ng ang lm vi c. V d , trn m t ph ng XY (G17), l nh G02 c xc nh b ng cch quan st cung trn ng c chi u v i chi u dng c a tr c Z. L p trnh s d ng G02 v G03(1) nh ngha m t ng trn kn. Gi tr l a ch n trong (O, O ), trong hnh minh ho d i y ch th gi tr to (X, Y)
O0001; N1; G90 G00 X70.0 Y50.0;......Di chuy n t i v tr 1 v i t c ti n dao nhanh. G01 X0 F500;.....................Di chuy n t i v tr 2 v i t c ti n dao 500mm/pht. G03 J_50.0;....C t ng trn ng c chi u kim ng h v i t c ti n dao 500mm/pht.
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ch
Khi c t cung trn kn, to X,Y s khng a ra v i m u v i m cu i trng nhau. Kho ng cch t i m u t i tm ng trn l 50mm, theo h ng ng c chi u c a tr c Y. G01 X-60.0........Di chuy n d ng c c t t i v tr 3 v i t c ti n dao 500mm/ph. L p trnh s d ng G02 v G03(2).
L p trnh gia cng t (1)-(2)-(3)-(4)-(5)-(6)-(7)-(8)-(9)-(1).
O0001; N1; G90 G01 X28.0 Y0 F500 ;..............Di chuy n t i v tr 1 v i l ng ch y dao 500mm/min. Cc l nh chuy n ng trong cc kh i l nh ti p theo c th c hi n v i cng t c ti n dao 500mm/pht.
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Y20.0;..............................................Di chuy n t i i m 2 G03 X18.0 Y30.0 I-10.0; ................C t ng trn (ng c chi u kim ng h ) n i m 3 (bn knh 10mm). L nh I trong kh i l nh ny khng c ngha c bi t. C th s d ng R10.0 thay cho I-10.0. G01 X-8.0;......................................Di chuy n d ng c t i i m 4. G02 X-28.0 Y10.0 R20.0;..............C t cung trn (cng chi u kim ng h ) t i i m 5. (bn knh 20.0mm) G01 X-10.0;....................................Di chuy n d ng c t i i m 6. G02 X-8.0 Y-20.0;..........................C t cung trn (cng chi u kim ng h ) t i i m 7. (bn knh 20.0mm) G01 X8.0;.......................................Di chuy n d ng c t i i m 8 G91 G03 X10.0 Y10.0 R10.0;........N i suy cung trn (ng c chi u kim ng h ) t i i m 9. (bn knh 20.0mm). Khi cc l nh c t theo d ng h to gia s , (X10.0,Y10,0) ch ra kho ng cch t i m u t i i m cu i cung trn.Vi c a cc l nh trong h to gia s ch nh m m c ch tham kh o, n khng c ngha g c bi t. G90 G01 Y0 ;..........................Di chuy n d ng c t i i m 1( l nh trong h tuy t i )
9. G04 Th c hi n d ng t m th i.
L nh G04 s d ng d ng t m th i m t chng trnh trong qu trnh gia cng m t cch t ng trong m t kho ng th i gian xc nh. M l nh ny c g i l m l nh d ng. S d ng m l nh d ng chuy n ng c a cc tr c, t i m t y l gia cng.
Tr c chnh v n quay. B ng vi c duy tr t c quay t i y l gia cng, chnh xc c a y l c nng cao v ph n c t l m cng c ki m sot. Khi d ng chng trnh b ng l nh G04 t i y l , v d nh l a ch n th i gian d ng cho php tr c quay quay t i y l . N u nh th i gian d ng qu lu, c th lm gi m tu i b n c a d ng c i khi cn lm nh h ng t i chnh xc b m t.
ch
L nh G04 dng ch cho nguyn cng phay l ho c khot l .
G04P_; G04X_; +G04 ........G i l m l nh d ng +P..........Th i gian d ng. n v c a th i gian d ng 0.001 giy. Khng dng d u ch m th p phn. V d : P1000 1 giy +X .......Th i gian d ng. Ch ra th i gian d ng s d ng d u ch m th p phn X1.0..............1 giy X1................0.001giy
ch
D D 2) 3) 4)
1) Khi a ch P c s d ng xc nh th i gian d ng, khngdng d u ch m th p phn. ng trong 1.5 giy G04 P1500. ng trong 2.3 giy G04 P2300. Ph m vi th i gian d ng cho php trong kho ng : 0.001 n 99999.999 giy L nh G04 ch c gi tr trong m t kh i l nh c th . Tnh ton th i gian cho m i vng quay tr c chnh theo cng th c sau:
t (sec) = 60(sec) SpindleSpeed (min1 )
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L p trnh s d ng G04. Gia cng l su 10mm v d ng t i y l , s d ng dao phay ngn.
Chy dao nhanh Chy dao ct
O0001; N1; G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0; G43 Z30.0 H1 S800 T2 ;.......... t t c quay tr c chnh 800v/pht. M03;.....Quay tr c chnh theo theo chi u kim ng v i t c 800v/pht. G01 Z2.0 F2000; ...................Di chuy n t i i m (1), t c ti n dao 2000mm/min. Z-10.0 F50;...............................Di chuy n t i i m 2 , y l , t c ti n dao 50mm/min. G04 P100;..............Dng chuy n ng ti n dao 0.1s t i y l . Th i gian m t vng quay tr c chnh: t1v =
60(sec) = 0.075s 800(min 1 )
d ng chng trnh trong m t kho ng th i gian tng ng ho c hn m t vng quay tr c chnh, t th i gian d ng l 0.1s. G01 Z2.0;...................Rt d ng c t i m 2 v i m 1 t i t c ti n dao 50mm/min.
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5.
G17 G18 G19 L a ch n m t ph ng gia cng.

th c hi n n i suy cung trn, b bn knh d ng c , quay h to , sao chp theo gc quay, sao chp song song, v khoan, c n thi t ph i ch n m t ph ng lm vi c. Thng th ng s d ng m t ph ng XY, b ng cch g i l nh G17. Tuy nhin, c nhi u tr ng h p ph i c th c hi n trn m t ph ng ZX ho c YZ. l a ch n m t ph ng XZ ho c YZ s d ng G18, G19.
G17 ;..M t ph ng XY( c m c nh khi b t my). G18 ;..M t ph ng ZX. G19 ;..M t ph ng YZ. 1. G17 c t ng l a ch n khi b t my. ch 2. Cc l nh di chuy n theo cc tr c khng b nh h ng b i m t ph ng c ch n. G17 G02 X_Y_R_F_; G01 Z_ .............................................Tr c Z di chuy n c l p v i m t ph ng ch n. 3. Khi a ra l nh n i suy cung trn ho c b d ng c (G40-G42), n c nh bo s hi n th trn mn hnh n u m t ph ng l a ch n khng ph h p v i l nh s d ng. G17 G02 X_Y_R_FTn hi u c nh bo s xu t hi n. Chng trnh ph i l: G17 G02X_Z_R_F_;
Chng trnh s d ng G17, G18 ho c G19 (1) L p trnh cung trn t (1)-(2)-(3) ch ra theo minh ho d i y:
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Gi tr (O, O, O) trong ph n minh ho d i y ch ra gi tr to (X,Y,Z).
O0001; N1; (G17) G01 X10.0 Y5.0 Z0 F100 nh v t i i m 1 trn m t ph ng XY. G02 X5.0 Y0 R5.0; Di chuy n d ng c theo chi u kim ng h n i m 2 trn m t ph ng XY. C t cung trn (bn knh 5.0 mm). G18 G03 X10.0 Z-5.0 R5.0;Di chuy n d ng c ng c chi u kim ng h n i m 3 trn m t ph ng XZ. C t cung trn (bn knh 5.0 mm).
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G19 G02 Y5.0 Z 0 R5.0 ; .......Di chuy n d ng c theo chi u kim ng h n i m 1 trn m t ph ng ZY. C t cung trn (bn knh 5.0 mm).
Chng trnh s d ng G17, G18 ho c G19 (2) L p chng trnh gia cng 3 cung trn (1)-(2)-(3), (1)-(4)-(2), (3)-(4)(5) (bn knh 10mm) trong gia cng bn c u nh hnh v .
Gi tr c vi t trong (O,O,O) trong hnh minh ho d i y ch to (X,Y,Z).
(Gia cng cung trn (1)-(3)-(2))

.......................... (G17) G01 X10.0 Y10.0 Z0 F100;. Di chuy n d ng c t i i m 1 trn m t ph ng XY. G02 X10.0 Y0 R10.0;. Di chuy n d ng c theo cung trn cng chi u kim ng h n i m 2 trn m t ph ng XY (bn knh 10.0 mm) (gia cng cung trn (1)-(4)-(2)) .. G01 X10.0 Y0 Z0 F100...................... Di chuy n d ng c t i i m 1. G18 G03 X10.0 Z-5 R5.0;Di chuy n d ng c theo cung trn cng chi u kim ng h n i m 2 trn m t ph ng ZX (bn knh 10.0 mm) Xc nh h ng quay c a cung trn (cng chi u ho c ng c chi u kim ng h )b ng cch quan st theo h ng ng c v i chi u dng c a tr c Y, tr c khng n m trn m t ph ng ZX. ( gia cng cung trn (3)-(4)-(5)) G01 X10.0 Y5.0 Z0 F100....................V tr i m 3 trn m t ph ng ZY G19 G02 Y5.0 Z0 R5.00;..N i suy cung trn theo chi u kim ng h t i i m 3 trn m t ph ng ZY. (bn knh 10.0 mm) Xc nh h ng quay c a cung trn (cng chi u ho c ng c chi u kim ng h ) b ng cch quan st theo h ng ng c v i chi u dng c a tr c Y, tr c khng n m trn m t ph ng YZ.
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10. Tr v i m g c chnh c a my, ho c g c th hai, th 3, th 4 c a my.

S d ng l nh G30,G28 tr v cc g c my trnh qu trnh tr v d ng c c th va vo phi, g.., d ng c s di chuy n th ng t i m hi n t i v v tr g c my ch nh. L nh ny c s d ng khi c n thay dao, i phi, lm s ch phi ho c i bn my APC (APC h th ng i bn my t ng).
1.i m O th ba ho c th t khng ph i lun t n t i trn cc t t c my. N c trn cc lo i my MV,SV v SVD, ho c cc my c trang b APC. 2.V i cc lo i my MV,SV,SVD c g n APC, i m O th ba, b n c trang b cho vi c i bn my t ng, ngoi ra khng s d ng cho m c ch khc.
ch
1. i m 0 my G28 X_Y_Z_; 2. i m 0 th hai G30X_Y_Z_; 3. i m 0 th ba v th t G30 P3(P4)X_Y_Z_; G28..G i ch G30..G i ch G30 P3.G i ch G30 P4 .G i ch X,Y,Z...............................Ch ra tr c c
v g c my. v g c th hai. v g c th ba. v g c th 4. n ch y v g c.
Gi tr theo sau cc a ch X,Y,Z l to c a i m trung gian m dung c s i qua tr c khi v g c my.
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Cc v tr c a i m O th 2,3,4 c thi t l p b ng cch t kho ng cch t i m g c my trong cc tham s i u khi n 1241, 1242, 1243 tng ng. Khi s d ng my c trang b tnh nng i Pallet t ng, khng c thay i cc tham s ny. N u vi c ci t b thay i sai, my s di chuy n khng nh mong mu n, lc c th gy nhi u s c nguy hi m.
1. Khi tr v g c my ( hay g c th 2,3,4) s d ng G28,G30, nn a tr c Z tr v g c my ( hay g c th 2,3,4) tr c. Sau , a tr c X v Y tr v . N u a tr c X v Y tr v tr c, c th x y ra va p d ng c v i phi, g hay v t c n no trong vng gia cng, gy ra s c nghim tr ng. 2. Khi a tr c Z tr v i m g c my( hay g c th 2,3,4), c th s d ng kh i l nh b t k trong cc kh i l nh sau G91 G30 Z0; , G91 G28 Z0; , G91 G30 P3(P4) Z0;. N u t G28 v G30 trong m l nh tuy t i (G90 G30 Z0; , G90 G28 Z0; , G90 G30 P3(P4) Z0); , tr c khi v i m g c my( hay g c my th 2,3,4) tr c Z s i qua i m g c phi. Chuy n ng ny c th gy ra s c va p v i phi, g hay b t c v t v n no trong vng gia cng, gy ra s c nguy hi m. i d ng c ch c th th c hi n c khi c 3 tr c X,Y,Z ch ng th i i m g c c a my. G91 G30 Z0 M05;..............Tr v i m 0 th 2. M06;................................... i d ng c . Chng trnh s d ng G30 O0001; N1; G90 G00 G54 X90.0 Y105.0; G43 Z30.0 H1 S440 T2; .........................................Chng trnh gia cng G91 G30 Z0 M05; ..........V i m O th 2, d ng quay tr c chnh. M01; M06.......................................... i d ng c , l y d ng c T2.
12. G40 G41 G42. B bn knh d ng c .
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B bn knh d ng c c ngha l x d ch ng ch y dao sang bn tri ho c ph i t ng ch y dao l p trnh. Thng th ng, vi c b bn knh d ng c s d ng khi gia cng pocket hay phay contour, c s d ng dao phay ngn gia cng theo hnh dng trn b n v . Qu trnh s d ng m l nh b dao gia cng phi c hnh dng nh hnh bn, c gi i thch ng n g n nh sau: ng dao ch y qua cc i m (1)-(2)-(3)-(4). Khi tm d ng c di chuy n d c theo bin d ng nh ngha, d ng c s di chuy n theo ng c ch r nh hnh v bn. N u chng trnh khng s d ng b dao, phi sau khi c t s nh hn kch th c yu c u ,c hnh dng nh hnh bn. d ch ng ch y dao t ng ch y dao l p trnh, hy nh p gi tr bn knh dao vo d li u b bn knh trn mn hnh TOOL OFFSET. N u s d ng m l nh b bn knh, ng ch y dao th c t s c d ch ra xa ng ch y dao l p trnh b i m t l ng b, nh c minh ho hnh bn. Vi c s d ng m l nh b bn knh, cho php ng i l p trnh khng c n ph i th c hi n nh ng tnh ton ph c t p m c c hnh dng chi ti t gia cng theo yu c u.
1.
2.
3.
B bn knh d ng c trn m t ph ng XY. G17 G01 ( G00) G41 (G42) X_Y_D_F_; G40 G01(G00) X_Y_I _J_ F; B bn knh d ng c trn m t ph ng ZX G18 G01(G00) G41 (G42) X_Z_D_F_; G40 G01(G00) X_ Z_I _ K_F_; B bn knh d ng c trn m t ph ng YZ
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G19 G01 ( G00 ) G41 (G42) X_Y_D_F_; G40 G01(G00) Y_Z_J _K_ F; G17 G18 G19 L a ch n m t ph ng ti n hnh b bn knh. G01 ( G00).............L a ch n d ng n i suy b. G00: ch y dao nhanh. G01: ch y dao c t g t G41........................G i m l nh b bn knh (b bn tri) ng d ng c th c t s c d ch sang tri so v i ng l p trnh m t l ng b xc nh. G42 .........................G i m l nh b bn knh (b bn ph i) ng d ng c th c t s c d ch sang ph i so v i ng l p trnh m t l ng b xc nh. G40........................Hu m l nh b bn knh. X, Y ,Z..................To i m cu i. I ,J , K ..........H ng c a phi c nh ngha trong cc kh i l nh ti p sau, I J K l gi tr trong h t a gia s D ..........................M s a ch b bn knh. F ...........................T c ti n dao.
4.
G43 G44 G49 B chi u di d ng c .

L nh G43 ,G44 c s d ng xc nh mi d ng c theo tr c Z. Do chi u di c a cc d ng c khc nhau nn khi gia cng c n nh ngha l i t a mi t ng d ng c cho th ng nh t, b ng cch s d ng m l nh b d ng c ny
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Mori Seiki ch s d ng G43. Khi ni m chi u di d ng c c gi i thch nh sau (xem hnh minh ho ). Trong m t chng trnh, l nh v tr d ng c theo tr c Z xc nh v i u d ng c . V tr c a u d ng c theo tr c Z t i i m O c a my thay i tu thu c theo chi u di m i d ng c . Do v y khi cha t l nh b d ng c theo chi u Z, d ng c T1 ,T2 ,T3 v tr g c my theo chi u Z th t a mi c a chng s khc nhau. Nh th n u c l nh di chuy n n Z 30.0. Th mi c a t ng d ng c cng s n cc v tr khc. Trong qu trnh xt t v tr, kho ng cch h1, h2 v h3 tnh t mi cc d ng c n v tr Z0 (t a g c c a phi theo chi u Z) c nh p vo b ng TOOL OFFSET( chnh l chi u di b dao c n thi t). Th khi s d ng G43 trong chng trnh, l ng b dao s c tnh ton, n u cc d ng c c l p trnh cng m t chi u cao (v d Z30.0 ), u cc d ng c cng di chuy n n v tr c cng chi u cao l Z30.0 so v i g c phi. Trn mn hnh TOOL OFFSET, v d chi u di d ng c c nh p: 1...........................-300.0 (L ng b c a d ng c s 1 ) 2...........................-270.0 (L ng b c a d ng c s 2 ) 3...........................-200.0 (L ng b c a d ng c s 3 )
<D ng c 1> nh v t i cao Z30.0 G90 G00 G43 Z30.0 H1 -300.0 (L ng b c a d ng c s 1) +30.0 (v tr u d ng c 1 so v i g c phi) =-270.0 D ng c T1 chuy n ng n v tr 270mm, theo chi u c a tr c Z, t i m g c my.
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<Dung c 2>
nh v t i cao Z30.0 G90 G00 G43 Z30.0 H2 -270.0 (L ng b c a d ng c s 2) +30.0 (v tr u d ng c 2 so v i g c phi) =-240.0 D ng c T2 chuy n ng n v tr 240mm, theo chi u c a tr c Z, t i m g c my.
<D ng c 3> nh v t i cao Z30.0 G90 G00 G43 Z30.0 H3 -200.0 (L ng b c a d ng c s 3) +30.0 (v tr u d ng c 3 so v i g c phi) =--170 D ng c T3 chuy n ng n v tr 170mm, theo chi u c a tr c Z, t i m g c my.
B ng vi c s d ng l nh G43 H_ b v tr d ng c theo chi u di, t t c cc mi d ng c c nh v t i cng m t chi u cao so v i m t Z0 c a phi)
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G43 Z_H_; G49; G43...............L nh b chi u di d ng c . G49...............l nh hu ch b chi u di d ng c . Z ................Chi u cao t theo tr c Z H ................Xc nh a ch b chi u cao. 1.M l nh b chi u di cng c th c hu b ng H0, thay v G49. 2.N u s d ng cc l nh G28,G30,G30.1, ch b d ng c s b hu . 3.Thng th ng, khng c n thi t s d ng G49, b i v d ng c lun tr v i m O my, hay i m khng th 2 (G28,G30), tr c khi th c hi n chu trnh i d ng c . Chu trnh ny s hu ch b d ng c . L p trnh s d ng G43 v G49.
O0 001; N1 ; ( T1 c t trong tr c chnh) G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0 ; ......Ch y dao nhanh t i i m (1) trong h to phi c nh ngha b i G54. G43 Z30.0 H1 S800 T2; ...........Ch y dao nhanh t i v tr Z30 (tnh t g c phi) Th c hi n b theo chi u Z cho d ng c s 1 nh ngha t c quay cho tr c chnh (S800). a d ng c T2 v v tr ch thay dao. M03; . . Chng trnh gia cng . M01;
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M06; N2; ( T2 c t trong tr c chnh) G90 G00 G54 X40.0 Y0;... Ch y dao nhanh t i i m (2) trong h to phi c nh g i b i G54. G43 Z30.0 H2 S1000 T3; .........Ch y dao nhanh t i v tr Z30 so v i g c phi. Ti n hnh b chi u Z cho d ng c 2. nh ngha t c quay c a tr c chnh. a d ng c T2 v v tr ch thay dao. M03; . . Chng trnh gia cng . M30; M u chng trnh c b n O0001 N2; G90 G00 G54 X- Y- ; G43 Z- H- S- T-; ? M03; . . Chng trnh gia cng M01; M06; N2; G90 G00 G54 X- Y- ; G43 Z- H- S- T-; ? M03; . . Chng trnh gia cng ................ M30;
25. G53 L a ch n h to my.

To c a my l to tnh so v i i m g c c a my. i v i cc my c trang b Sensor ho c s d ng cc g chuyn
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dng, c th di chuy n d ng c t i m t v tr c a g v i t c ch y daonhanh, trong h to my G53. Cng c th dng G53 di chuy n bn my t i trung tm my tr c khi k t thc gia cng. Gi tr c a h to my c th xc nh n b ng cch quan st trn v tr hi n th trn mn hnh.
G90 G53 X_Y_Z_ ; G90...............................G i h to to tuy t i. G53...............................L a ch n h to my. X,Y,Z............................Gi tr to trong h to my.
ch
3.
G53 thu c nhm l nh 00, l l nh ch c hi u l c dng m t l n, ch c gi tr trong m t cu l nh. 2. G53 c gi tr trong h tuy t i (G90), khng c hi u l c trong h gia s (G91). Tr c khi s d ng G53, ph i hu t t c cc m l nh b dao.
1.
k t thc chng trnh, di chuy n bn my ra v tr gi a c a hnh trnh tr c X ,Y (hnh trnh tr c X : 1530mm, hnh trnh tr c Y : 660mm). O0001; N1; G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0 ; G43 Z30.0 H1 S800 T2; M03; . . Chng trnh gia cng . G91 G28 Z0 M05......................D ng tr c chnh, tr v g c my. M01; M06;.......................................... i l y d ng c T2 G90 G53 X-765.0 Y-330.0........Di chuy n bn my nhanh ra i m gi a hnh trnh c a tr c X,Y. M30;
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3.
G54 G59 L a ch n h to phi
Qu trnh t g c h to gia cng c ngha l lm cho h NC hi u c i m O phi. C th t t i 6 h to phi g i m t trong cc h to v s d ng b ng m l nh G. Thng th ng, gi tr c a Z trong h to ch phi c t l 0.
(G90) , G54(G55, G56 ,G57, G58 ,G59 )X_Y_; G90 ...... G i h to tuy t i G54 n G59 . ..L a ch n m t h to lm vi c X, Y ..To d ng c trong h to lm vi c c l a ch n 1. H to G54 c ch n m c nh khi b t u b t i n ch my. N u s to nh ngha b i G54 - G59 khng s dung, c th dng G10 ( i to phi), G52( h to a phng), nh ngha thm h to phi M t h to phi cng c th t o ra b ng cch Offset t h to my. Do c th s d ng t i 6 h to phi t G54 - G59, n u v i tr ng h p gia cng m t lc nhi u phi, thao tc s r t thu n ti n v nng su t.
2.
3. 4.
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L p trnh s d ng G54 n G59(1) L p trnh cho phi nh hnh v , s d ng G54.
im gc phi
O0001; N1; G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0; ..........Ch y dao nhanh t i i m O c a phi theo tr c X v Y trong h to G54. G43 Z30.0 H1 S800 T2;............Ch y dao nhanh t i cao Z30.0 G i dao T2 ra v tr ch i d ng c . M03;..........Quay tr c chnh v i t c 800 v/p G01 Z3.0 F2000; Z-5.0 F48 ; . ....................... Chng trnh gia cng .......................
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L p trnh s d ng G54 n G59(2)
G54
G55
L p trnh cho phi nh hnh v , s d ng G54 v G55. t h to lm vi c b ng G54,G55, cc v tr gia cng trn cc phi c v tr gi ng nhau. i m O phi t nh hnh v . O0001; N1; G90 G00 G54 X30.0 Y20.0;..Ch y dao nhanh t i i m (1) Trong h to G54. G43 Z30.0 H1 S800 T2 ; M03; X-30.0.......Ch y dao nhanh t i i m (2) Y-20.0.......Ch y dao nhanh t i i m (3) X30.0;.......Ch y dao nhanh t i i m (4) G55 X30.0 Y20.0;...Ch y dao nhanh t i i m (5) Trong h to c g i b i G55. X-30.0;..Ch y dao nhanh t i i m (6) Y-20.0;..Ch y dao nhanh t i i m (7) X30.0;...Ch y dao nhanh t i i m (8) Nh trn trnh by, Trong chng trnh trn, i m O phi c xc nh ring theo t ng phi nh th vi c l p trnh c n gi n ho i nhi u.
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Chng C M l nh M
1. B ng m M.
M M cng c g i l m l nh ph , i u khi n dng chng trnh, ng th i n cng c g i l m l nh h tr cho m l nh G. Khng s d ng M31 v M32 tr khi vi c s d ng nh ng kh i l nh ny c n thi t cho vi c x l ho c kh i ng l i cc ho t ng b gin o n v s c .Tr c khi s d ng M31 v M32, hy lin h v i nh s n xu t. 1. Cho php s d ng m t m M trong m t cu l nh. Tu ch t ng tr ng h p, m t kh i l nh c th ch a t i 3 m M. 2. Chng ny s gi i thch m t cch khi qut cc m M . m t s d ng my, t t c cc ch c nng ny c th khng c h tr y ho c c th c s d ng cho nh ng ch c nng khc nhau ho c l khng c miu t nh d i y. Chi ti t hn, tham kh o s c cung c p theo my ho c lin h v i Mori Seiki. M lnh M00 M01 M lnh Dng chng trnh Dng la chn Miu t Dng chng trnh tm thi Dng chng trnh tm thi khi bt chc nng OSP, chng trnh s tm dng khi gp lnh M01. N s khng c tc dng khi chc nng n y chuyn sang OFF. Kt thc chong trnh v t li NC Con tr khng quay li u chng trnh. Khi ng trc chnh quay theo chiu kim ng h. Khi ng trc chnh quay ngc chiu kim ng h. Dng trc chnh Khi ng chu trnh thay dao kch hot qu trnh bm du
M02
Kt thc chng trnh
M03 M04 M05 M06 M07
Quay trc chnh bn phi Quay trc chnh bn tri Dng trc chnh Thay dng c kch hot qu trnh bm du trn
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M08 M09 M10 M11 M19 M20 M21 M22 M23 M24 M25 M26 M27 M28 M29 M30 M31 M32 M33 M40 M41 M42 M43 M46 M47 M48 M49 M50
ngui. Phun du ti ngui Tt dung dch trn ngui Tt bm du Kp trc th 4 Nh kp trc th 4 nh hng trc chnh T ng tt ngun in ca my M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi Dng taro cng Kt thc chng trnh Kch hot m lnh kho trc Hu lnh kho trc Ct dng c Bnh rng iu khin trc chnh v tr trung gian Bnh rng iu khin trc chnh v tr 1 Bnh rng iu khin trc chnh v tr 2 Bnh rng iu khin trc chnh v tr 3 Tn hiu la chn cm bin ON Tn hiu la chn cm bin OFF Hu m lnh Override Kch hot m lnh Override Phun du trn ngui qua l mi
Phun du ti ngui Tt tt c cc ch bm du, v phun du ti ngui Kp trc th 4 Nh kp trc th 4 nh hng trc chnh T ng tt ngun in ca my
Kt thc chng trnh, t li NC, quay tr li u chng trnh ................................. hy b M31 Tr dng c t trc chnh v magazine ( duy nht cho MV - 653 / 50, 1003 / 50.1) ( duy nht cho MV - 653 / 50, 1003 / 50.1) ( duy nht cho MV - 653 / 50, 1003 / 50.1) ( duy nht cho MV - 653 / 50, 1003 / 50.1) Chn cm bin lp ln trc chnh Chn cm bin lp ln b n my l m mt hiu lc chc nng iu khin Override trn bng iu khin Kch hot chc nng iu khin Override trn bng iu khin khi ng du khoan
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M51 M52 M53 M55 M58 M59 M60 M61 M62 M63 M64 M65 M66 M67 M68 M69 M70 M73 M74 M75 M76 M77 M80 M81 M82 M83 M84 M85 M86 M88 M89 M96 M97 M98
khoan Thi kh ON Thi kh l m sch Thi kh l m sch cm binON Phun du dng sng m ON Cc m lnh phun kh l m sch bi v cm bin OFF Thi kh OFF
Khi ng thi kh Thi kh l m sch Thi kh l m sch cm binON Bt phun du dng sng m Tt tt c cc m lnh phun kh l m sch bi v cm bin Dng thi khng kh Thng s k thut APC
Kim tra v tr trc Z B qua dng cu ON Kim tra tui bn dng c Kp trc th 5 M kp trc th 5 m phi i xng qua trc Y OFF i xng qua trc Y ON i xng qua trc X OFF i xng qua trc X ON M lnh ngoi vi Vi phun ra phoi ON Vi phun ra phoi OFF Ca t ng ON Ca t ng OFF Bt m n hnh Tt m n hnh iu khin thch nghi ON L m ngui trc chnh ON L m ngui trc chnh OFF Ch ngt marco Hu dng ngt marco Gi chng trnh con
Bt tn hiu b dng c
Tt m Y Bt m Y Tt m X Bt m Y
lnh ly i xng qua trc lnh ly i xng qua trc lnh ly i xng qua trc lnh ly i xng qua trc
L m sch phoi Thng s ca
Ngt marco ON Ngt marco OFF
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M99 M120 M121 M122 M123 M124 M125 M126 M127 M128 M129 M144 M145 M164 M165
Kt thc chng trnh con M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi M lnh ngoi vi Cm bin quang hc ON Cm bin quang hc OFF Thi kh trc chnh ON Thi kh qua l du
Quay v chng trnh chnh t chng trnh con hin ti
S dng ly tm t ng
2.
M00, M01 D ng chng trnh v d ng l a ch n.
Khi s d ng M00 trong qu trnh ho t ng, my s d ng v i u ki n. Tr c chnh quay, chuy n ng c a cc tr c, dung d ch lm ngu i cng c d ng. Chng trnh s d ng t i b t k v tr no c l nh M00. Khc v i M00, M01 ch c hi u l c khi phm d ng trn b ng i u khi n chuy n sangOFF. N u phm d ng ch ON, M01 s c tc d ng nh M00. Do v y, khi M01 c hi u l c, dung d ch lm mt, chuy n ng quay v d ch chuy n tr c chnh s b d ng. Khi c n thi t, t M01 trong chng trnh t i v tr c n d ng. V d , s d ng M01 khi gia cng phi th nh t ho c c t ki m tra. < S d ng M01 v M00> - ki m tra kch th c phi gia cng.
-ki m tra mi dao. -lm s ch phoi trong qu trnh gia cng. M00;.......G i m l nh d ng. M01;.......G i m l nh d ng l a ch n. Khi chng trnh ang c d ng b i M00 ho c M01, khng c i d ng c khng c di chuy n cc tr c b ng tay. N u th c hi n m t ho c hai vi c trn, hy a cc tr c v tr ng thi tr c khi thay i. Sau , cc ho t ng c th ti p t c. N u nh khng th a v tr ng thi tr c , r t c th s x y ra va p gi a d ng c v phi, g..... ho c gia cng sai. M00,M01 ph i c t trong mt kh i l nh c l p, khng ch a cc l nh khc. 2. 2. n ch th STATUS [M00/M01] s sng ln khi M01 ho c M00 c s d ng. Chng trnh c th c hi n ti p t c khi phm (ST) trn b ng i u khi n c n. Khi M01,M00 c th c hi n, l nh M03,M04 (kh i ng quay tr c chnh) v l nh M08 (x dung d ch lm mt) b ng t. Do , khi s d ng M01,M00, h t s c lu v tr t 2 l nh ny. Khi kh i ng l i chng trnh b d ng b i M00, M01, ph i kh i ng l i M03, M04 ho c M08 (n u c n). - Cch th c lm vi c c a M01, lin quan n tr ng thi c a phm d ng l a ch n trn b ng i u khi n, c gi i thch d i y: - Ch c nng d ng l a ch n c b t.L nh M01 s c th c hi n chng trnh b d ng sau kh i l nh ch a M01. - Ch c nng d ng l a ch n b t t.L nh M01 s b b qua v chng trnh c th c hi n lin t c. : L p trnh s d ng M00 v M01 1.
ch
O0001; N1; G90G00 G54 X0 Y0..............Ch y dao nhanh t i v tr (X0 Y0) trong h to G54. G43 Z30.0 H1 S400 T2..............Ch y dao nhanh t i v tr Z30.0. G i dao T2 vo v tr ch thay dao. M03............................................Quay tr c chnh theo chi u kim ng h 400-1 min. ...................................................Chng trnh gia cng.
<M01> D ng l a ch n - N u phm [OSP] trn b ng i u khi n ON, M01 c th c hi n, chng trnh s d ng khi g p M01. - N u phm [OSP] trn b ng i u khi n OFF. M01 khng th c hi n v chng trnh ch y lin t c. <M00> D ng chng trnh - Chng trnh c d ng v my s ng ng t m th i. Sau khi lm s h phoi, o kch th c..., n phm [ST] v chng trnh kh i ng l i t kh i l nh ti p theo. M06....................................... i d ng c . N2; G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0 G43 Z30.0 H2 S400 T3 M03 .......................................Chng trnh gia cng. M01; ho c M00; M06; M02, M30 K t thc chng trnh, k t thc chng trnh v l p l i chng trnh. Khi M02 ho c M30 c th c hi n. 1) T t c cc ho t d ng c a my d ng. - Chuy n ng quay tr c chnh d ng - Di chuy n d c tr c d ng. - D ng bm dung d ch t i ngu i. 2) NC c Reset l i -Trong tr ng thi Reset l i, cc m G quay tr ng thi nh khi my c ng i n.Tuy nhin, cc l nh G54 n G59, G20, G21 v n duy tr. -L ng ch y dao(F) b hu ,
M01; ho c M00;
nhng t c quay v n c duy tr. 3) Trong tr ng h p s d ng M30, con tr c quay l i u chng trnh.y l ch c nng REWIND. L nh M30 bao g m m l nh rewind chng trnh. M l nh ny r t thu n ti n khi gia cng cc phi gi ng nhau lin t c. M30 lun c t t i cu i cc chng trnh. Khi s d ng M30, cc chng trnh gi ng nhau c th c hi n m t cch l p i l p l i b ng vi c n phm [ST].
ch
i v i cc my c trang b ch c nng door interlock, tn hi u c nh bo (EX1024) s hi n trn mn hnh khi c a c m , v m t khi c a c ng
M02;..........................................K t thc chng trnh v NC c Reset l i M30;..........................................K t thc chng trnh v NC Reset l i, con tr a v u chng trnh.
ch
2)
Khng c dng M30, M02 trong cng kh i v i cc l nh khc. n ch th [ST] t t khi M30, M02 lm vi c. ng th i n [M02, M30] sng . 1) Chng trnh s d ng M02, M30: O0001; N1; G90G00 G54 X0 Y0
....... Ch y dao nhanh t i v tr (X0 Y0) trong h to G54. G43 Z30.0 H1 S400 T2 Ch y dao nhanh t i v tr Z30.0. G i dao T2 vo v tr thay dao. M03..................................... quay tr c chnh theo chi u kim ng h 400 -1 min. .......................................... Chng trnh gia cng. M01 <M01> D ng l a ch n - N u phm [OSP] trn b ng i u
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M06............................ N2; G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0 G43 Z30.0 H2 S400 T3 M03 ....................................... M01 ho c M00 M06; M30; ho c M02; ..................
khi n OFF. M01 khng c hi u l c v chng trnh th c hi n lin t c. i d ng c .
Chng trnh gia cng.
<M02> K t thc chng trnh v t ng d ng. <M30> K t thc chng trnh v t ng d ng. Con tr v dng u chng trnh (O0001)
4.
M03, M04, M05 Quay v d ng tr c chnh.

L nh M03, M04 c s d ng kh i ng tr c chnh v i t c ch ra trong m l nh S. L nh M05 c s d ng d ng quay tr c chnh M03 ..........quay tr c chnh theo h ng thu n. M04...........quay tr c chnh theo h ng ngh ch. M05...........d ng tr c chnh.
2)
ch
Khng c s d ng M05, d ng quay tr c chnh, khi d ng c ang ti p xc v i phi. N u d ng c d ng khi ang ti p xc v i phi, c th gy m dao ho c ph h ng phi. Kh i ng tr c chnh b ng l nh M03, M04 tr c khi d ng c c t ti p xc v i phi (tr khi trong cc chu trnh taro c ng ). N u d ng c b t u quay trong tr ng thi ti p xc v i phi, c th gy m dao ho c ph h ng phi. Tr c khi quay tr c chnh b ng l nh M03, M04, ph i ch ra t c quay b ng m S. 1)
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V i m S, tham kh o ph n sau. L p trnh s d ng M03, M04, M05 O0001; N1; G90G00 G54 X0 Y0............. Ch y dao nhanh t i v tr (X0 Y0) trong h to c g i b i G54. G43 Z30.0 H1 S400 T2 Ch y dao nhanh t i v tr Z30.0. G i dao T2 vo v tr thay dao. M03.......................................... quay tr c chnh theo chi u kim ng h 400 -1 min. S d ng M04 quay tr c chnh theo h ng ng c chi u kim ng h . ...................................Chng trnh gia cng. G91 G28 Z0 M05 D ng tr c chnh, tr v i m g c my. M06....................................... i d ng c .
5.
M06 i d ng c .
M nh M06 dng i d ng c trn tr c chnh v i d ng c v tr thay trn Magazine. Khi M06 c th c hi n, m khng c d ng c no v tr tng ng trn magzine, d ng c trn tr c chnh s c c t vo magazine. L nh M06 th c hi n 1 lo t tc v trong chu trnh thay dao t ng g m quay tay g t, k p nh d ng c trn tr c chnh.
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M06............ i d ng c .
Qu trnh thay dao t ng v i cc d ng c khng cng kch th c khc qu trnh i d ng c c a nhm d ng c c cng kch th c.
ch
3.
N u l nh M06 th c hi n khi tr c chnh ang quay, tr c chnh s t ng d ng v chu trnh i dao th c hi n. 2. Tr c khi ti n hnh i d ng c b ng M06, nh t thi t ph i t t dung d ch trn ngu i. M06 s khng th c hi n tr khi tr c Z ang n i m g c my th 2 1.
O0001; N1; G90G00 G54 X0 Y0............ Ch y dao nhanh t i v tr (X0 Y0) trong h to c g i b i G54. G43 Z30.0 H1 S400 T2 Ch y dao nhanh t i v tr Z30.0. G i dao T2 vo v tr thay dao. M03.......................................... quay tr c chnh theo chi u kim ng h v i t c 400 -1 min. ................................ ................................Chng trnh gia cng. ................................ M06;.......................................... i d ng c , a d ng c T2 vo tr c Chnh. N2; G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0 G43 Z30.0 H2 S400 T3 M03 ................................Chng trnh gia cng. M01 ho c M00 M06;.................................... i d ng c a d ng c T3 vo tr c Chnh.
6.
B t t t dung d ch trn ngu i M08, M09.
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M08;...........B t dung d ch lm ngu i. M09;...........T t dung d ch lm ngu i. 1. Khng c i d ng c khi dung d ch trn ngu i ang phun. 2. N u s d ng dung d ch lm mt, ph i ch c ch n thng dung d ch ph i cn . *i u khi n dung d ch lm ngu i thng qua phm i u khi n trn b ng i u khi n th hi n nh sau.
ch
-Phm COOLANT ON *Khi phm i u khi n ny c ON, n ch th s sng, v dung d ch lm mt c c p. Khi M08 c c trong chng trnh. ( ch MDI, MEMORY, ho c TAPE), n ch ch sng v dung d ch c phun t ng. -Phm COOLANT OFF *Khi phm i u khi n ch OFF, dung d ch ang phun, s ng ng khng phun n a v n ch th t t. N u n phm i u khi n ny hn 1s dung d ch s ng ng c p v n ch th nh p nhy. Trong tr ng h p ny, dung d ch trn ngu i s khng c c p, ngay c khi s d ng M08. Tnh nng ny s d ng khi ki m tra chng trnh. *Khi phm i u khi n chuy n sang ch ON tr l i, n ch th d ng nh p nhy, qu trnh c p tr l i bnh th ng.
ch
L p trnh s d ng M08,M09.
O0001; N1; G90G00 G54 X0 Y0............. Ch y dao nhanh t i v tr (X0 Y0) trong h to c g i b i G54. G43 Z30.0 H1 S400 T2 M08 B t dung d ch trn ngu i. M03.......................................... quay tr c chnh theo chi u kim ng h . ......................................... .........................................Chng trnh gia cng.
......................................... M09;..T t dung d ch trn ngu i. M06;...................................... i d ng c .
19.
M19 c nh gc quay tr c chnh.
S d ng M19 d ng quay tr c chnh t i m t v tr c nh. Khi l p u khot ln tr c chnh, s d ng chu trnh khot G76 ho c G87, M19 c s d ng trong ch MDI. Khi g i chu trnh G76 ho c G87 tr c chnh s c quay t i v tr ph h p v i v tr c a tr c dao khot v m nh khot theo h ng d ch chuy n c a tr c chnh.
M19;.............................................c nh gc quay c a tr c chnh.

ch
Qu trnh i dao thng d ng c th c hi n t ng trong chu trnh i dao (M06) ho c chu trnh gia cng l (G76,G87). Trong tr ng h p ny khng c n thi t dng M19 trong chng trnh.
10.
M20 T t ngu n t ng.
Khi th c hi n M20, ngu n i n cung c p cho my s c ng t t ng. M20;......................... t m l nh t t ngu n t ng.
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1). Phm t t ngu n t ng trn b ng i u khi n c ch c nng tng t nh M20. m l nh t t ngu n t ng c hi u l c, phm ny trn b ng i u khi n ph i c kch ho t, ch c nng ny s c th c hi n sau M02 2). t M20 trong kh i l nh tr c M30. Sau M30, chng trnh c l p l i, con tr v u dng, do l nh M20 khng th th c hi n, nh c minh ho d i y V d .... ... M20; M30;
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3). Ngu n nng l ng khng th b ng t trong khi cc ho t ng ang th c hi n. My ch c th t t my sau khi hon thnh cc ho t ng sau: -Chu trnh APC -Chu trnh ATC -Chuy n v tr trn Magazine.
7.
M33 Chu trnh c t d ng c .
L nh M33 s d ng c t d ng c t tr c chnh t i 1 v tr cn tr ng trn magazine.T0;
M6; L nh M33 c tc d ng nh hai kh i l nh trn. M33 s d ng c t d ng c tr c khi t t my. M33;...................................L nh c t d ng c .
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ch
L nh M33 ch th c hi n c khi tr c Z v i m O th 2(G30). L p trnh s d ng M33 O0001; N1; G90G00 G54 X_ Y_; ............................... ............................................ Chng trnh gia cng. ............................... G91 G28 Z0 M05;................D ng tr c chnh sau khi hon thnh vi c tr v i m g c my trn tr c Z M01;.................................D ng t m th i. M33;.....................................G i chu trnh c t d ng c . D ng c trn tr c chnh c a tr l i h c cn tr ng trn Magazine.
15.
M51,M59 B t v t t qu trnh th i kh.
M51 : B t ch c nng th i kh. M59 : T t ch c nng th i kh. Qu trnh th i kh s d ng lm s ch phoi trn rnh ho c b m t phi khi gia cng. M51;...................................B t qu trnh th i kh. M59;...................................T t qu trnh th i kh. Gia cng b y, s c ng 100mm.
m t d i d ng dao knh
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O0001; N1; G90G00 G54 X-160.0 Y-40.0...Ch y dao nhanh t i v tr (1) G43 Z30.0 H1 S400 T2; M03; G01 Z0 F500; M51;...........................................B t u th i kh. X-160.0 F200.............................(2) Y40.0 F500;...............................(3) X-160.0 F200;............................(4) M59;...........................................T t th i kh. .......................
8.
M98, M99 G i chng trnh con v tr v t chng trnh con.
T chng trnh chnh, g i chng trnh con b ng M98. Trong chng trnh con k t thc b ng M99. Quan h gi a chng trnh chnh v chng trnh con c minh ho nh hnh v sau. Khi th c hi n cc ng c t gi ng nhau( cng to , cng hnh d ng) l p i l p l i, ng c t c th lu vo b nh NC nh 1 chng trnh con. Trong chng trnh chnh, ch ra chng trnh con v s l n s d ng chng trnh con. Trong m t chng trnh con c th g i n m t chng trnh con khc, s l p chng trnh con c th c g i trong m t th i i m l 4. N u s chng trnh con ang c g i l n hn 4, h thng s bo l i (P230).
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Ln gi 1 Chng trnh chnh Chng trnh con 1
Ln gi 2 Chng trnh con 2
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B ng cch lu tr m t ph n chng trnh d i d ng chng trnh con, c th ti t ki m c b nh v gi m l i khi l p trnh. M98 P_ H_ L_; M98 ...g i chng trnh con. P s chng trnh con c g i H ...s th t trong chng trnh con. L s l n g i chng trnh con. 1) N u s chng trnh sau a ch P khng c tm th y, l i ch P232 s c thng bo trn mn hnh. 2) N u s th t sau a ch H khng c tm th y, l i P231 s c thng bo trn mn hnh. 3) N u gi tr sau L l 0 (L0), kh i l nh ch a M98 s khng c th c hi n, chng trnh nh y sang kh i l nh ti p theo. 1) N u thi u a ch P, chng trnh con s khng c g i, chng trnh s nh y t i kh i l nh c s th t sau a ch H, trong chng trnh ch a M98. 2) N u thi u c a ch H, chng trnh con v n c g i v c th c hi n t dng l nh u tin. 3) N u thi u a ch P, H v L, chng trnh con s khng c g i v chng trnh chnh s nh y v i m b t u c a chng trnh ch a M98. 4) N u thi u a ch L, chng trnh con s c g i 1 l n. 5) S l n g i chng trnh con t i a l 9999 l n. M99 P_ ; M99 ....Quay tr v chng trnh chnh t chng trnh con. P .........V tr tr v , trong chng trnh chnh, t chng trnh con.
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1) N u v tr P_ khng c trong chng trnh, tn hi u bo l i (P231) s xu t hi n trn mn hnh. 2) N u a ch P t n t i, chng trnh v n ph i m t m t kho ng th i gian tm ki m. Do , c n ph i cn nh c khi a ra P_. 1). N u thi u l nh P, chng trnh s quay tr l i kh i l nh k ti p kh i l nh v a nh y vo chng trnh con (sau kh i l nhch a M98). 2). N u t M99 trong chng trnh chnh: Chng trnh s nh y t i s th t (theo sau a ch P) trong chng
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trnh chnh.N u thi u P_, chng trnh s nh y v u chng trnh chnh. Chng trnh chnh s b l p v h n. L p trnh s d ng l nh M98 ho c M99 (1) Chng trnh chnh : O1; N001_____; 1.N002 M98 P100 N003_____; N004_____; Chng trnh con : O100; N101_____; N102_____; N103 M99;
2.N005 M98 P200 L2; N006_____; ... ... ... N011;
0200; N201_____; N202_____; N203 M99; (L p l i 2 l n)
3.N012 M98 P300; N013_____; N014_____; N015_____;
O300; N301_____; N302_____; N303 M99;
L p trnh s d ng l nh M98 ho c M99 (2) Khoan t i cc i m 1, 2, 3, v 4 nh hnh v :
Chng trnh chnh (O1) O1; N1; G90 G00 G54 X0 Y0; G43 Z30 H1 S700 T2; M03;
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G99 G81 Z-25 R10 F120 L0; ............. Chu trnh khoan l (G81) M98 P2; ............................................. G i chng trnh con O2 Chu trnh khoan c th c hi n t i m 1 t i i m 4. G91 G28 Z0 M05; M01; M06; M30; Chng trnh con O2 O2; X10 Y8; ................................(1) X-10; ....................................(2) Y-8; ......................................(3) X10; .....................................(4) G80; M99; L p trnh trnh s d ng l nh M98 ho c M99 (3) T chng trnh con trong m t chng trnh chnh g i m t chng trnh con khc : Chng trnh chnh O1; N1; ____; M98 P100; ____; ____; M30; chng trnh con 1 O100; ____; ____; M98 P200; ____; ____; M99; chng trnh con 2 O200; ____; ____; M99;
Chng trnh s d ng l nh M98 ho c M99 (4)
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O1; N1; N2; ... ... ... /N7 M99; ......................... l c.
Khi m l nh xo Block khng c hi u L nh N7 M99 c th c hi n v
dng chng trnh quay v dng u chng trnh. Chng trnh s l p v h n gi a N1 v N7. Khi kh i l nh xo Block c hi u l c : L nh N7 M99 c b qua v chng trnh ti p t c th c hi n kh i l nh ti p theo. N8; M30; ............................... K t thc chng trnh .
ch
Khi t M99 trong chng trnh chnh, dng chng trnh s c a v kh i l nh u tin cng chng trnh. Vi c ny c dng th c hi n cc chng trnh gi ng nhau, l p i l p l i.
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Chng D M l nh T, S v F
_____________________________________________________________
1.
M l nh T.
M l nh T g i d ng c t i v tr i dao. Tn dao, t i a g m 4 k t s sau a ch T, ch nh d ng c c n g i. Khi g i dao, Magazine quay, mang d ng c c g i n v tr i dao v ch d ng c trn tr c chnh di chuy n t i v tr i dao.
Ho t ng c a ATC ( i dao t ng) g m: L a ch n d ng c + i d ng c (m l nh T) (M06) D ng c c g i theo phng php b nh ng u nhin........ Trong phng php b nh ng u nhin, d ng c ban u c x p x p theo t ng nhm kch th c khi ng k ng knh l n, trung bnh v nh . Trong chu trnh i d ng c , Magazine quay a m t v tr cn tr ng trn magzine, cng nhm kch th c v i d ng c trn tr c chnh, t i v tr g n nh t c nh v tr i d ng c . Khi d ng c c ng knh l n tr v t tr c chnh, v tr tr ng trn magazine (v tr c ng k cho nhm ng knh l n v ang n m g n v tr thay dung c ) c nh s . Phng php ny s d ng rt ng n th i gian i d ng c . Khi l p d ng c , ph i ki m tra gi i h n c a d ng c v ch c ch n r ng d ng c c s p x p h p l trnh gy ra va p trong khi thay d ng c . N u b n quan st nh m gi i h n c a d ng c , cc d ng c c th va p v i nhau khi thay i d ng c , v i u ny c th d n n h ng my. Ch c ch n c 2 h c bn c nh h c ch a d ng c u ph i tr ng. N u chu trnh i d ng c c th c hi n bn c nh h c ch a d ng c ng knh l n, s va p gi a cc d ng c s x y ra gi a d ng c 1.
2.
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ng knh l n v d ng c c ch a trong h c, lm ph h ng my. T9 ;...................... S d ng c cho d ng c ng knh l n (T9000 n T9999) T1 to T8 ;...... S d ng c cho d ng c ng knh trung bnh (T1000 n T8999) ;...................... S d ng c cho d ng c ng knh nh T0 (T0000 n T0999) Cc ho t ng c a ATC i v i t ng nhm d ng c (phn lo i theo kch th c d ng c ) th khng gi ng nhau.Khi i m t d ng l n trn tr c chnh v i 1 d ng c nh trn magazine, qu trnh x y ra theo trnh t sau: 1. Magazine quay (a v tr h c chnh c a Magazine v ch i d ng c ng knh to) 2. i d ng c (d ng c ng knh to trn tr c chnh tr v h c trn magazine) 3. Magazine quay (a d ng c nh trong Magazine v v tr h c ch l y dao) 4. i d ng c ( l p d ng c ng knh nh ln tr c chnh) < Chng trnh > Chng trnh d i y l p T9001 ( ng knh l n) ln tr c chnh O0011; N1; G90 G00 G54 X_ Y_; G43 Z30.0 H1 S_ T2;.............. G i T2 ( ng knh nh ) t i v tr thay d ng c . M03; ...................................... chng trnh gia cng ... ... G91 G28 Z0 M05;.................... V i m 0 c a my n m trn tr c Z; d ng tr c chnh M01; M06; ........................................ i T9001 ( ng knh l n) v i T2 ( ng knh nh ). N2; G90 G00 G54 X_ Y_; G43 Z30.0 H2 S_ T8003; ........ G i T8003 (n ng, ng knh trung bnh) t i v tr thay d ng c .
M03; ... ...................................... chng trnh gia cng ... G91 G28 Z0 M05; ................... V i m 0 c a my n m trn tr c Z; d ng tr c chnh. M01; M06; ........................................ Thay T2 ( ng knh nh ) v i T8003 (n ng, ng knh trung bnh)
2. M l nh S.
M l nh S i u khi n t c tr c chnh. T c tr c chnh c t tr c ti p b i gi tr sau a ch S.
S_M03 (M04); S............................................... t t c tr c chnh (v/ pht); M03 (M04)................................ t chi u quay M03 : Quay thu n. M04 : Quay ngh ch 1. T c tr c chnh c t theo n v vng/pht. 2. T c tr c chnh c tnh ton theo cng th c sau : N=
1000 * V *D
N : T c tr c chnh (v/pht) V : T c c t (m/pht) : H ng s pi D : ng knh d ng c (mm)
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3.
Ph m vi t c gia cng c t ng ch n theo gi tr t sau S. Do , n khng c n ph i thay i t c b ng l nh M41, M42 ho c l nh M43 trong chng trnh.
S d ng l nh S O0001; N1; G90 G00 G54 X100.0 Y50.0; G43 Z30.0 H1 S1000 T2; M03; ........................................Quay tr c chnh v i t c 1000 vng/pht ... ... M05; ........................................D ng tr c chnh. M03; ........................................Quay tr c chnh v i t c 1000 vng/pht S1500; ......................................Quay tr c chnh v i t c 1500 vng/pht.
Tnh ton t c tr c chnh tnh t c quay c a tr c chnh khi gia cng v i t c c t l 26 m/pht, dao phay ngn ng knh 20mm . T c vng quay: N =
1000 * 26 * 20
N : T c quay c a tr c chnh (vng/pht) V : T c c t (m/pht) : H ng s pi (3,141592654) D : ng knh d ng c .

*D*N
1000
T c c t: V =
Tnh t c tr c chnh s d ng phng trnh trn :N = = 414 (/pht) O0001; N1;
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G90 G00 G54 X80.0 Y70.0; G43 Z30.0 H1 S414 T2; M03; ........................................ Quay tr c chnh theo h ng thu n 414v/ph.
3. M l nh F.
M l nh F s d ng i u khi n t c ti n dao.
F_ ; .....................T c ti n dao (mm/pht).
ch
Trong chng trnh, L nh F lun c hi u l c cho n khi m t l nh F ti p theo c ch ra. 2) Gi tr ch y dao ch nh sau a ch F t c ng gi tr c a n ch khi cng t c OVERRIDE trn b ng i u khi n t 100%. 1) M l nh F ch s d ng v i cc l nh G01,G02,G03 v trong cc chu trnh gia cng l . 2) 2)T c ch y dao l p trnh c th thay i trong qu trnh gia cng b ng cch i u ch nh cng t c OVERRIDE trn b ng i u khi n. Ch r ng , cng t c OVERRIDE s b v hi u n u s d ng l nh M49 trong chng trnh. T c ti n dao (Feedrate) c tnh ton theo cng th c : F = f*Z*N F: T c ti n c a dao (mm/pht) f : B c ti n c a 1 rng (mm/1 rng) Z: S rng c a dao N: T c tr c chnh(/pht) 1)
3)
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4)
T c taro c tnh ton theo cng th c d i : F = P*N F : T c ti n dao (mm/pht) P : B c ren (mm) N : T c tr c chnh(vng/pht) Tnh ton t c ti n dao(1) Tnh ton l ng ti n dao khi gia cng trong i u ki n sau: Dao phay ngn : ? 20 mm (2 l i c t ngang ) L ng ch y dao/rng: 0.08 mm/rng T c tr c chnh: 450 v/pht
<T c ti n dao > F = f*Z*N F: T c ti n dao (mm/pht) f: L ng ti n dao/ rng (mm/1 rng) Z: S rng (dao) N: T c tr c chnh (/pht) Ta c: F = 0.08*2*450 = 72 (mm/pht) Tnh ton t c ti n dao (2) : Tnh ton t c ti n dao khi taro trong i u ki n sau: Mi taro M8xP1.25 T c tr c chnh: 400 v/pht <T c ti n dao > F = P*N F: T c ti n dao (mm/pht) P: b c ren. N: T c tr c chnh. Ta c:
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F = 1.25*400 = 500 (mm/pht)
S d ng m l nh F.
O0001; N1; G90 G00 G54 X160.0 Y160.0; G43 Z30.0 H1 S440 T2; M03; G01 Z0 F3000; .....................T i i m1, dao h xu ng chi u cao Z0, v i t c ti n dao 3000 mm/pht. X-160.0 F200; .......................ch y dao t i i m 2, t c 200 mm/pht. F200 (200 mm/pht) c lu tr cho n l nh F ti p theo. Y-160.0; ................................ch y dao t i i m 3, t c 200mm/pht ... N5; G90 G00 G54 X160.0 Y160.0; G43 Z30.0 H5 S1000 T6; M03; G99 G81 Z-20.0 R3.0 F50;.....Trong chu trnh khoan l G81, t c ti n dao theo tr c Z l 50 mm/pht. X-160.0; ... L nh F ch c hi u l c trong ch ch y dao c t, khng c gi tr khi s d ng v i G00, ch ch y dao nhanh.
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Chng E M l nh D v H
1. M l nh D.
M l nh D xc nh a ch b bn knh cho l nh G41 v G42.M l nh b bn knh c s d ng b ng ch y dao, gi m kh i t c tnh ton khi l p trnh. L ng b bn knh c nh p qua mn hnh TOOLOFFSET. Gi tr b nh p vo v tr No. trn mn hnh ch nh a ch b.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
TOOL OFFSET(H) GEOMET WEA RY R 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
TOOL OFFSET(D) GEOMET RY 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 WEAR 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
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Mn hnh TOOLOFFSET c th thay i giao di n tu theo thng s k thu t v model c a h NC. B bn knh trong m t ph ng XY G17 G01 (G00) G41 (g42) X_ Y_ D_ F_ ; G40 G01 (G00) X_ Y_ J_ F_; G17 ............. Ch n m t ph ng b dao. G01 (G00) L a ch n d ng n i suy th c hi n b bn knh. G00 .............. Ch y dao nhanh G01 .................ch y dao gia cng G41 .............G i m l nh b bn knh (bn tri) ng ch y dao th c t c d ch sang tri so v i ng ch y dao l p trnh , theo h ng chuy n ng c a d ng c , m t kho ng cch b ng l ng b. G42 .............G i m l nh b bn knh. (bn ph i) ng ch y dao th c t c d ch sang ph i so v i ng ch y dao l p trnh , theo h ng chuy n ng c a d ng c , m t kho ng cch b ng l ng b. G40 .............Hu b ch b dao. X,Y ........... ..To i m cu i cung trn D ................. a ch OFFSET F ..................L ng ti n dao. N u s d ng b nh b dao B, s khng c s khc bi t gi a d li u ch b bn knh v b chi u di. Do , ph i t l ng b chi u di v b bn knh c a m t d ng c nh ng a ch OFFSET khc nhau.
ch
1.Trn mn hnh TOOLOFFSET, gi tr b mn v b bn knh c t m t cch c l p.
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NC
2.L ng b bn knh b ng 0 khi s d ng D0. Khi b t u lm vi c, tr ng thi nh khi s d ng l nh D0.
S d ng m l nh D My gia cng theo bin d ng (1) -> (20 -> (3), s d ng dao phay ngn 10mm.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
TOOL OFFSET(H) GEOMETR WEAR Y 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
TOOL OFFSET(D) GEOME WEAR TRY 5.000 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
O0001;
N1; G90 G00 G54 X150.0 Y120.0; G43 Z30.0 H1 S440 T2; M03; Z-5.0; G42 X120.0 Y40.0 D1; ............ B bn knh bn ph i. S d ng l ng b t t i v tr 1 trn mn hnh TOOLOFSET. Trong v d ny, t ng l ng b bn knh: 5.000 + 0.015 = 5.015 mm. G01 X60.0 F200; ..................... (2). X30.0 Y80.0; ........................... (3).
2.
Yu c u khi s d ng m l nh b bn knh.
s d ng b dao (offset) theo bn knh c t (G40, G41 v G42), ph i hi u cch r cch nh p d li u. <Nh p l ng b bn knh>
Nh p vo gi tr b dao trn b ng TOOLOFFSET t i a ch tng ng v i a ch b dao t sau l nh D.
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INPUT DATA
OLD DATA X Y Z
MACHINE 0.000 0.000 0.000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
TOOL OFFSET(H) GEOMETRY WEAR 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 1.
TOOL OFFSET(D) GEOMETRY WEAR 5.000 0.015 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
ch
N u s d ng b nh b dao B, s khng c s khc bi t gi a d li u b bn knh v b chi u di. Do , ph i t l ng b chi u di v b bn knh c a m t d ng c nh ng a ch OFFSET khc nhau. 2. Giao di n c a mn hnh TOOLOFFSET c th thay i tu thu c vo h NC.
3.
Cc thu t ng k thu t s d ng trong vi c gi i thch ch c nng b bn knh d ng c .
Cc thu t ng k thu t dng cho ch c nng b th ng dng c gi i thch nh sau: Thu t ng ngha Start-up Kh i l nh u tin ch a G41,G42 Ho t ng u tin, tm d ng c c b t i v tr d ng v bn ph i
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Offset mode Cancel Mode
m t l ng b ng bn knh. Ch c nng b mi d ng c c hi u l c sau Start-up Ch c nng b bn knh d ng c b hu b b ng G40. Vi c hu b bn knh d ng c b t u t kh i l nh tr c kh i l nh ch a G40. Tm d ng c c nh v t i bn ph i t i ng ch y dao l p trnh
ch
V i ho t ng kch ho t v hu b ch c nng b dao, c 2 ki u ho t ng c cung c p (ki u A v B). Ki u A c gi i thch nh sau (Ki u B tham kh o ti li u c a nh s n xu t)
ch
G41 (G42) G00 X_ Y_; ............. Kh i ng (Start up) Trong tr ng h p nh c minh ho trn hnh v , vi c b dao c th c hi n sang tri, do , s d ng G41. G01 X_ Y_ F_; X_ Y_; ............... Ch Offset X_ Y_; X_ Y_; G40 G00 X_ Y_; .................................Hu b dao.
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3.1. Start-up. Kh i l nh u tin, ch a G41 hoc G42, g i l kh i l nh startup.Trong ho t ng start-up, tm c a d ng c c t c offset, d ng l i tr to kh i l nh ti p theo (Xem hnh v ).
G00 X100.0 Y100.0;.........................................................(1). G42 X80.0 Y50.0 D_;.......................................................(2). G01 X-45.0 F_;.................................................................(3) ............
ch
Khi s d ng start-up, kh i l nh u tin ph i tho mn: -Kh i l nh start-up ph i ch a l nh di chuy n; kho ng cch c g i ph i l n hn l ng b (bn knh d ng c ). -Start-up ph i c t trong G00 ho c G01 (d ng chuy n ng t nh ti n). *Khng s d ng start-up trong d ng n i suy G02 ho c G03. N u s d ng trong d ng ny, tn hi u c nh bo No.034 s hi n trn mn hnh v my ng ng ho t ng. *Khng dng D0 trong chng trnh. N u s d ng, ch c nng b bn knh s b hu . 3.2. OFFSET mode. Tr ng h p ch c nng b bn knh d ng c c hi u l c, sau start-up, c g i l Offset mode. Khi h ng b d ng c khng i. D ng c chuy n ng theo hnh dng phi v ti p xc v i qu o c n gia cng.
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G42 G00 X100 .0 Y40.0;...........................(1) (START UP) G01 X70.0 F200........................................(2) Y65.0.........................................................(3) G03 X45.0 Y90.0 R25.0............................(4)offset mode G01 X20.0.................................................(5) X_ Y_;........................................................(6) ......................... T i cu l nh Start-up v trong ch b dao 2 kh i l nh c a vo b nh m. Trong ch b dao nh ng kh i l nh khng ch a cc l nh di chuy n nh: (M t kh i l nh ch ch a m t l nh M ho c G04 th khng c php s d ng). M t kh i l nh i u khi n cc di chuy n theo cc tr c b ng 0 th cng khng c php s d ng. N u nh ng l nh nh v y c s d ng th s gy ra c t l m ho c c t h t v hai kh i l nh khng c a vo b m, i u ny cng gy ra h ng d ng c . Khi c g ng c t cung trn c bn knh nh hn bn knh d ng c ho c c t rnh c chi u r ng nh hn ng knh d ng c , h th ng s c nh bo, m t thng bo hi n trn mn hnh, trnh c t l m. N u vi c ny x y ra, khi chng trnh th c hi n trong ch Singleblock, l ng c t l m s lm h ng phi b i v chng trnh th c hi n n cu i c a kh i l nh tr c khi n k p d ng. Khng c thay i m t lm vi c v i G17,G18,G19 trong ch OFFSET.
ch
1.
2.
3.
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N u thay i, c nh bo x y ra, v tn hi u c nh bo 037 xu t hi n trn mn hnh, my ng ng ho t ng. Khi h ng b d ng c thay i. N u h ng b d ng c thay i, nh c minh ho d i y n u m G goi ch c nng b bn knh thay i gi a G41 v G42 , chu vi d ng c s ti p xc v i phi theo trong 2 kh i l nh lin t c t i v tr thay t G41 sang G42. ........................................ ........................................ G41 X70.0 Y60.0; Y40.0;...........................................(1) G42 X_ Z_;.....................................................(2) ........................................ ........................................ Vi c chuy n ch m G gi a G41 v G42 th khng c t kh i l nh b t u v kh i l nh ti p theo. Cancel Mode. L nh G40, ch ra trong ch Offset, hu b ch c nng b dao. Ch hu b dao b t u t cu i kh i l nh tr c kh i l nhG40. Tm d ng c s thay i l i nh trong hnh v . 3.3.
(G41) X100.0 Y50.0; X60.0 Y50.0;........................................................(1). G40 G00 X40.0 Y20.0..........................................(2).(Ch hu )

........................................ ........................................ (G41) X100.0 Y50.0; X60.0Y50.0;.............................................................. G40 G00 X40.0 Y20.0;............................................. Mode) ........................................ ........................................
ch
(1) (2) (Cancel
Trong ch hu b dao, c n lu nh ng v n sau: -Ch c nng b bn knh c th hu b b ng cch nh n phm [RESET] trn b ng i u khi n. Ho c b ng cch s d ng D0 trong chng trnh. -L nh h y (G40) ph i c ch ra trong ch G00 ho c G01 (chuy n ng t nh ti n). Khng c s d ng G40 trong ch G02 v G03. N u s d ng trong G02 ho c G03, c nh bo s x y ra, tn hi u c nh bo 034 s xu t hi n trn mn hnh v my ng ng ho t ng. 5. Chng trnh v d M t s chng trnh v d s d ng ch c nng b bn knh. L p trnh s d ng G40,G41 v G42 (1).
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O0001; N1; 1) G90 G00 G54 X-100.0 Y-100.0;.........................(1) 2) G43 Z30.0 H1 S300 T2; M03 3) Z-30.0 4) G17 G41G01X0 Y-40.0 D1 F300; .....................(2) Y250.0; ..............................................................(3) 5) X200.0; ..............................................................(4) G02 Y0 R125.0; .................................................(5) G01 X-40.0; ........................................................(6) 6) G40 G00 X-100.0 Y-100.0; ...............................(7) ............................................. 1) Ch y dao nhanh t i i m (1) trong h to lm vi c G54. 2) Ch y dao nhanh t i Z30.0 3) Ch y dao nhanh t i Z-30.0 4) (2) start-up G41.......... B dao bn tri theo h ng ti n d ng c D1............ a ch b dao, ni bn knh dao c t.
5) Gia
(3)-(6) Ch Offset. cng theo hnh dng l p trnh.
6) (7) Ch hu b dao. Trong kh i l nh tr c l nh hu b dao, d ng c nh v t i i m (6). Sau , i ra i m (x-100.0, y -100.0)
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L p trnh s d ng G40,G41 v G42. Gia cng 2 pocket sau, s d ng dao phay ngn ?8. Pocket c gia cng su 5 mm v i l ng d c t tinh m t trong l 0.3.
Point (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) X -15.0 -15.0 -50.0 -50.0 -15.0 30.0 20.0 20.0 40.0 40.0 Y 0 10.0 10.0 -10.0 -10.0 45.0 45.0 -45.0 -45.0 45.0
< Trnh t gia cng> C t Pocket.
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
(5)
(2)
(1)
C t Pocket
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
(10)
(7)
(6)
O0001; N1; 1) G90G00G54X_15.0Y0;...................................... G43Z30.0H1S500T2; M03; G01Z3.0F3000; Z-5.0F80;

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(1)
2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) 10) 11) 12) 13) 14)
G41Y10.0D1;..................................................... X-50.0;............................................................... G03Y-10.0R10.0;............................................... G01X-15.0;......................................................... G03Y-10.0R10.0;............................................... G40G01Y0;........................................................ G00Z3.0; X30.0Y45.0;....................................................... G01Z-5.0; G41X20.0;.......................................................... Y-45.0;............................................................... G03X40.0R10.0;................................................ G01Y45.0;.......................................................... G03X20.0R10.0;................................................ G40G01X30.0;................................................... G00Z30.0; ......................................................... .........................................................
(2) (3) (4) (5) (2) (1) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (7) (6)
N u khng t G40 trong kh i (7): C nh ng tr ng h p l p trnh vin khng s d ng G40 trong kh i (7) b i v h hi u nh m r ng Start-up v Cancel mode ch s d ng m t l n trong chng trnh khi m t phi ang c gia cng N u l nh G40 khng t trong kh i (7), hi n t ng c t l m (undercut) s x y ra nh c minh ho trn hnh v .
ch
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Khi cu l nh (7) khng c l nh G40 c th c hi n, gi tr Offset v n t n t i cu l nh (8), Do s gy ra c t l m khi dao di chuy n vo v tr (6) (X30.0 Y45.0) Tuy nhin, khi x y ra c t l m, c nh bo s x y ra t i v tr (6) v tn hi u c nh bo tng ng s hi n trn mn hnh v my d ng ho t ng.
2.
M l nh H.
M l nh H l a ch xc nh s offset s d ng cho ch c nng b chi u di d ng c (G43,G44). S d ng ch c nng b trong chng trnh b v tr d ng c , v v y d ng c lun nh v t i v tr l p trnh m khng c n thay i n i d ng l p trnh.
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MACHINE
OLD DATA
INPUT DATA
X Y Z
0.000 0.000 0.000
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2
TOOL OFFSET(H) GEOMETRY WEAR 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
TOOL OFFSET(D) GEOMETRY WEAR 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
ch
L ng b chi u di d ng c c nh p trn mn hnh TOOL OFFSET.Mn hnh TOOLOFFSET thay i tu theo cc thng s v model c a h NC. G43 Z_ H_; G49; G43......................... G49......................... Z............................. H.............................
G i ch c nng b chi u di. Hu ch c nng b chi u di. Xc nh to c n t theo h ng tr c Z. Ch ra s Offset s d ng.
ch
N u s d ng b nh B, h i u khi n khng phn bi t gi a vi c b chi u cao v b bn knh. Do c n thi t ph i t l ng b chi u cao v l ng b bn knh c a m t d ng c cc a ch khc nhau.
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1)
2) 3)
N u s d ng G44 cho vi c b chi u di d ng c , d u c a l ng b chi u di c ng c v i d u c a G43. Mori Seiki ch s d ng G43 . L ng b d ng c lun b ng 0 khi s d ng H0.Khi b t u kh i ng my, NC tr ng thi nh khi s d ng H0. Trn mn hnh TOOLOFFSET l ng b hnh h c v b mn dao c t c l p v i l ng b bn knh.
S d ng m l nh H
MACHINE X 0.000 0.000 Y 0.000 Z INPUT DATA OLD DATA
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
TOOL OFFSET(H) GEOMETR WEAR Y 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
TOOL OFFSET(D) GEOMETR WEAR Y 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
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O0001 N1; G90 G00 G54 X100.0 Y80.0; G43 Z30.0 H1 S1000 T2;.................... L ng b d ng c c t t i v tr NO.1 trn mn hnh TOOLOFFSET . L ng b chi u cao c a d ng c l t ng c a l ng b chi u di v l ng b mn. Trong v d ny, -150.0+0.135=-149.865(mm) l l ng b chi u cao. M03; ....................
Chng F Cc v d l p trnh
N i suy cung trn (b bn knh d ng c )
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1) Xc nh i m O phi v phng php g k p.
2) Xc nh d ng c Th t gia cng ------------Tn d ng c Vi tr c n gia cng ng knh l 100mm
Dao phay ngn 20, T1
3) Xc nh i u ki n gia cng Nguyn T cng (d ng c ) Tn d ng c S(v/p) F (mm/p) S offset (T c (l ng S(v/p) tr c chnh) ch y dao) H D
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N1
Dao phay ngn 20, T1
330
66
ch
Nh p l ng b bn knh d ng c 12.5mm vo v tr No.2 (D2) trn mn hnh TOOLOFFSET. S d ng m t s khc cho s b bn knh v s b chi u di d ng c . (Do mn hnh TOOLOFFSET khng phn chia gi a d ng b bn knh v b chi u di).
4) L p chng trnh O0010;............................ S chng trnh. G00 G40 G80;................ Ch y dao nhanh G00, hu ch b bn knh, hu ch ch y chu trnh. /G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0;....... a cc tr c X,Y v Z v g c my. /T1..............................G i d ng c No.1( dao phay ngn 20) /M06................................ i d ng c Khi d ng c T1 c k p trn tr c chnh, b t ch c nng b qua cu l l nh b qua cc l nh ny. N01 (dao phay ngn 25mm; D2=12.5mm); ........................................ Kh i l nh No.1 G00 G90 G54 X0 Y0 S330; ........................................ Ch n h to lm vi c G54. Ch y dao nhanh t i (X0,Y0). Tr c chnh quay thu n v i t c 330 v/p G43 Z50.0 H1 M03; ............................B d ng c theo a ch No.1 (G43). Ch y dao nhanh t i Z50.0. Tr c chnh quay thu n v i t c 330v/p. Z-25.0;............................. .....................Di chuy n tr c Z t m t phi (Z0) t i v tr Z-25.0. G01 G41 X20.0 Y-30.0 D02 F66; .................................N i suy tuy n tnh, b bn knh d ng
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c sang bn tri (G41). T c ch y dao 66 mm/ph. G03 X50.0 Y0 R30.0;............................N i suy cung trn (ng c chi u kim ng h ). Bn knh 30mm, to i m cu i cung trn (50.0,0) . I-50.0;............................. ........................ ng trn, bn knh 50.0mm. X-20.0 Y30.0 R30.0;................................N i suy cung trn (ng c chi u kim ng h ). Bn knh 30mm, to i m cu i cung trn (20.0,30.0). G00 Z50.0 M05;............... G91 G28 Z0;.................... M30;................................. Ch y dao nhanh t i v tri cch m t phi 50mm, d ng tr c chnh . Tr c Z v i m O. K t thc chng trnh.
Bn knh ti p c n c t l 30mm, b ng 60% R Gia cng nhi u phi
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t 4 phi trn bn my, nh ch ra trong ph n 2.2, l p trnh chng gia cng nh sau: 5) L p chng trnh. P0100;............................ S chng trnh (chng trnh chnh) G00 G40 G80; ............... Ch y dao nhanh t i i m G00. Hu b ch b bn knh, hu b ch chu trnh. /G91 G28 X0 Y0 Z0; ..... Ch y cc tr c X,Y v Z v g c my. /T1 .................................. G i d ng c No.1 /M06; .............................. i d ng c . M01; ................................ D ng tu ch n N01 (dao phay ngn 25.0, D2=12.5mm); ......................................... Kh i l nh No.1 G00 G90 G54 X0 Y0 S330;................ G i h to lm vi c G54, ch y dao nhanh t i i m (0,0). t t c tr c chnh 330v/p. G43 Z50.0 H1 M03; ....... Ch y dao t i i m Z50.0, b dao theo chi u di, a ch H1. Quay tr c chnh bn ph i. M98 P101; ..................... G i chng trnh con O101. G55 X0 Y0; ................... G i h to lm vi c G55, ch y dao nhanh t i i m (0,0). M98 P101; ..................... G i chng trnh con O101. G55 X0 Y0; ................... G i h to lm vi c G54, ch y dao nhanh t i i m (0,0). M98 P101; ..................... G i chng trnh con O101. G56 X0 Y0; ................... G i h to lm vi c G56, ch y dao nhanh t i i m (0,0). M98 P101; ...................... G i chng trnh con O101. G57 X0 Y0; .................... G i h to lm vi c G54, ch y dao nhanh t i i m (0,0). t t c tr c chnh 330v/p. M98 P101; ...................... G i chng trnh con O101. G91 G28 Z0 M5; ............. Tr l i i m 0 c a tr c Z, d ng quay tr c chnh. M30; ................................ K t thc chng trnh. O0101; ............................ Tn chng trnh (chng trnh con)
G00 G90 Z-25.0 ............. Ch y dao nhanh t b m t lm vi c t i v tr Z-25 mm. G01 G41 X20.0 Y-30.0 D2 F66; ............................. N i suy tuy n tnh G01. b bn knh dao bn tri (G41), t i a ch D2. T c ti n dao 66 mm/pht. G03 X50.0 Y0 R30.0; .... N i suy cung trn ng c chi u kim ng h , bn knh R30.0, to i m cu i (50.0,0). I-50.0; ............................ C t ng trn kn, bn knh 50 mm. X20.0 Y30.0 R30.0; ...... C t cung trn bn knh 30 mm, i m cu i X20.0 v Y30.0. G01 G40 X0 Y0 F1000;.. N i suy tuy n tnh G01. Hu ch b bn knh. G00 Z25.0; ..................... Ch y dao nhanh theo tr c Z cch b m t lm vi c 50mm. M99; ............................... .K t thc chng trnh con.
T c quay v t c ch y dao cho phay

V t li u (Type of Material) Nhm v magi ng thau v ng thi c (m m) ng thau v ng thi c (c ng) ng Gang c (m m) Gang c (c ng) Thp 100 HBN 200 HBN 300 HBN 400 HBN V n t c c t m/p (Speed) HSS >= 180 75 - 90 45 - 60 45 - 60 22 - 30 15 - 22 38 - 53 21 - 27 12 -> 15 6 -> 9 Carbide >= 300 >=120 120 >= 300 75 - 100 T c ch y dao rng (Feed per teeth-FPT) HSS .12 - .60 .12 - .50 .06 - .25 .12 - .38 .12 - .38 Carbide .12 - .76 .25 - .50 .12 - .75 .12 - .38 .25 - .50 .12 - .25 .12 - .50 .12 - .25 .12 - .25 .10 - .15
60 - 75 .08 - .18 135 - 180 .10 - .25 110 - 135 .10 - .25 60 - 75 .09 - .12 30 - 60 .02 - .08
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Thp khng g Cha ti D i 100 K PSI 100K - 135 K PSI Titan 135 K PSI H p kim th p Ferritic Thp H p kim ch u Austenitic nhi t H p kim n n cao Nickel Base
500 HBN Ti
3 -> 5 10 -> 21 21 -> 31 10 -> 17 7 -> 10 5 -> 8 12 -> 18 6 -> 9 2 -> 6
22 - 45 75 - 120 75 - 120 45 - 55 35 - 45 24 - 36 45 - 90 30 - 70 15 - 45
.02 - .08 .08 - .12 .08 - .12 .08 - .12 .05 - .12 .02 - .12 .05 - .12 .02 - .10 .02 - .08
.10 - .15 .08 - .30 .08 - .30 .10 - .20 .08 - .2 .05 - .20 .08 - .20 .05 - .15 .05 - .15
T c quay v t c ch y dao cho khoan.

c ng BHN- T c ch y c t 3000 KG HSS Carbide 60 - 150 30 - 75 22 - 45 30 - 75 30 - 75 25 - 45 25 - 45 20 - 25 12 -> 18 15 - 30 15 - 20 60 - 90 45 - 60 30 - 45
V t li u
Nh a, Bakelite cc lo i khc Nhm v thp h p kim Nhm c ng ng thau (m m) ng vng v..v. ng thau (c ng) thi c Dt m ng Ko s i Gang c Lo i nh Thp Cacbon v thp h p kim <= 150 150 - 250 250 - 350 <= 200 200 - 300
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300 - 400 <= 200 200 - 300 Thp h p kim h p kim n n Niken h p kim n n Cobalt Thp cao Titan v h p kim 300 - 400 250 - 350 350 - 450 <= 250 250 - 400
6 -> 12 12 -> 15 9 -> 12 5 -> 9 6 -> 9 2 -> 5 5 -> 9 3 -> 5 15 -> 21 5 -> 9
T c quay v t c ch y dao cho doa.

Vn t c c t (m /pht)
V t li u Magi Nhm ng thau ng thi c
HSS 60 -120 45 - 90 38 - 60
Carbide 150 -> 300 150 -> 300 76 -> 120 30 -> 45 45 -> 75 22 -> 45 12 -> 22 60- > 90 38 -> 06 15 -> 38
ng v ng thi c c ng 15 - 22 M m Trung bnh S t Thp C ng D 200HBN 200 - 300 HBN 300 - 400 HBN 15 - 30 8 -> 15 5 -> 8 16 - 24 9 -> 16 6 -> 10
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400 - 500 HBN Thp khng g 500 HBN -Thp cha ti? Seri 300 Seri 400 v P.H Thp h p kim N n Nickel ch u nhi t cao N n Cobalt s ch Titan H p kim
3 -> 10 3 -> 6 12 -> 18 6 -> 9 4 -> 8 3 -> 6 3 -> 4 10 -> 15 3 -> 6
10 -> 15 4 -> 10 45 -> 76 24 -> 36 18 -> 30 12 -> 21 9 -> 15 15 - 30 10 -> 15
T c quay v t c ch y dao cho taro.

V t li u Bakelite Nh a Nhm v thp non ng thau ( ng c ng, m m) H p kim ng Gang c c ng BHN (3000kg) T c c t (m/p) 18-30 30-75 22-45 18-30 18-30 15-24 9-12 5-6 6-8 5-6 2-5 6-9 2-5 3-8 3-3 8-10 2-5
<150 150-250 250-300 Thp h p kim v thp <200 cacbon 200-300 300-400 Thp khng g <200 200-300 300-400 Thp b n cao <200 200-300 Titan v h p kim ITS <255 250-400
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Chng A ..2 Chu n b l p trnh 2 Chuong B ..27 M l nh G ..27 Chng C ..56 M l nh M ..56 Chng D ..73 M l nh T, S v F 73 Chng E ..79 M l nh D v H 79 Chng F ..96 Cc v d l p trnh 96
Bi Qu Tun

Giao Trinh CNC Cho May Phay

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Giao Trinh CNC Cho May Phay

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Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

N i dung A) Chu n b l p trnh. B) M l nh G. C) M l nh M. D) M l nh T,S v M. E) M l nh D v H. F) Chng trnh v d .

Hanoi University of Industry

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Chng A Chu n b l p trnh

hnh l p chng trnh.

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Trnh t gia cng: tr c h t l nguyn cng phay m t u, th hai l khoan cc l .

Hanoi University of Industry

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Nh p chng trnh vo my.

Hanoi University of Industry

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Qu trnh cho n khi hon thnh s n ph m.

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Hanoi University of Industry

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

B dao (Tool Offset)

1 2 3 4 5 Ch y th khng c t (Dry run) 6 7 8 9 10

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Kch th c c c o sau qu trnh c t th hay khng?

6. Cc thu t ng trong l p trnh.

Hanoi University of Industry 10

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

O0001; G91G28Z0T9001; M06; N1; G90G00G54X90.0Y105.0; G43Z30.0H1S440T502; M01; M06;

(Ph n chng trnh dnh cho d ng c s 9001)

Hanoi University of Industry 11

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

N2; G90G00G54X0Y0; G43Z30.0H2S800T5002; G91G28Z0M05; M01; M06 6.4.

(Ph n chng trnh dnh cho d ng c s 5002)

a ch (Address). S d ng ch ci trong b ng Alphabet nh ngha m t a ch . G01 Z0 a ch F2000

6.5. D li u (Data). Nh ng s (bao g m k hi u v d u ch m th p phn) theo sau a ch c g i l D li u. G01 Z0 F2000

T l nh (Word). T l nh l n v nh nh t g i m t ch c nng xc nh. M t t bao g m c a ch v d li u. G01 Z0 F2000

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

O0001;..................................................... Kh i th nh t. G91G28Z0T9001;......................................Kh i th hai. M06;...........................................................K i th ba.

Hanoi University of Industry 13

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Di n t chuy n ng cc tr c trong chng trnh. MV,SV,SVD, hi u(+),(-) h ng cc tr c

Hanoi University of Industry 14

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

N u gi thi t d ng c di chuy n, trong khi bn my ng yn, th phng, chi u cc tr c c nh ngha nh d i y:

Khi a ra l nh di chuy n d ng c c t t i i m A, v d , n u khng c i m tham chi u, my s khng th tm c to i m A.

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

1).V d v t g c phi t i tm d dng tnh ton to tm l , ho c cc h c trn. (pocket)

Hanoi University of Industry 16

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Hanoi University of Industry 17

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

L nh v i h t a tuy t i (2) Di n t cc i m (1),(2), (3) v (4) theo h to tuy t i trn m t ph ng X-Y-Z.

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Di n t l nh gia s (1). S d ng l nh gia s di chuy n d ng c t i m (1) t i i m (2).

Hanoi University of Industry 19

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Hanoi University of Industry 20

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

min-1 c ngha l vng/pht

2. T c ti n dao c t (Cutting Feedrate) (mm/min) T c ti n dao c t tr c ti p sau a ch F F100;................. T c ti n dao 100m/ph

3. Chi u su c t (Depth of cut)

Hanoi University of Industry 21

Pragramming manual for CNC in Mill

Hanoi University of Industry 22