GV : Nguyen Th Kim Phng

DT : 3828376

Photpho Axit Photphoric

B1: Vit cc phng trnh ha hc thc hin s chuyn ha sau : +SiO 2 + C + O2 + Ca + HCl Ca3(PO4)2 A B C D 1200o C to to B2: trung ha hon ton dung dch thu c khi thy phn 4,54g photpho trihalogenua cn dng 55ml dung dch natri hiroxit 3M. Xc nh cng thc ca photpho trihalogenua , bit rng phn ng thy phn to ra hai axit, trong c axit H3PO3 l axit hai nc. B3: t chy hon ton 6,2g photpho trong oxi d. Cho sn phm to thnh tc dng va vi dd NaOH 32%, to ra mui Na2HPO4 a) Vit cc phng trnh ha hc. b) Tnh khi lng dd NaOH cn dng. c) Tnh nng phn trm ca mui trong dd thu c. B4: Vit cc pt ha hc thc hin dy chuyn ha sau y : Qung photphorit photpho iphotpho pen taoxit axit photphoric amoni photphat axit photphoric canxi photphat B5: Thm 250ml dd NaOH 2M vo 200ml dd H3PO4 1,5M a) Tnh khi lng mui to thnh b) Tnh nng mol/l ca dd to thnh B6: Ha tan 14,2g P2O5 vo 100ml dd H3PO4 0,5M a) Tnh nng mol/l dd thu c b) Cho ton b dd thu c tc dng vi 500ml dd KOH 1M. Tnh khi lng mui thu c. B7: Bng phng php ha hc, hy phn bit dd HNO3 v dd H3PO4. B8: Axit A l cht rn, trong sut, khng mu, d tan trong nc. Khi thm canxi oxit vo dd A th to thnh hp cht B mu trng, khng tan trong nc. Khi nung B nhit cao vi ct v than th to thnh n cht photpho c trong thnh phn ca A. Cho bit A, B l nhng cht g ? Vit pthh ca cc p. B9: Thm 0,15 mol KOH vo dd cha 0,1 mol H3PO4. Sau phn ng trong dd c cc mui no ? B10: Thm 6g P2O5 vo 25ml dd H3PO4 6% (D = 1,03 g/ml). Tnh nng % ca H3PO4 trong dd thu c. B11: Rt dd cha 11,76g H3PO4 vo dd cha 16,8g KOH. Tnh khi lng ca tng mui thu c sau khi cho dd bay hi n kh. B12: Mt trong nhng phng php iu ch canxi nitrat l cho vi hoc phn tc dng vi axit nitric long. Cn amoni nitrat c th c iu ch bng cch cho canxi nitrat tc dng vi amoni cacbonat. Vit cc pthh v cho bit ti sao cc phn ng ny xy ra hon ton. B13: T khng kh, than, nc v cc cht xc tc cn thit, hy lp s iu ch phn m NH4NO3 B14: Cho 44g NaOH vo dd cha 39,2g H3PO4. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton em c dd thu c n cn kh. Hi nhng mui no c to nn v khi lng mui khan thu c bao nhiu ? B15: Thm 10g dd bo ha bari hiroxit ( tan l 3,89g trong 100g nc) vo 0,5ml dd axit photphoric nng 6 mol/l. Tnh lng cc hp cht ca bari to thnh. B16: Hy in cng thc thch hp vo ch c du ? v hon thnh cc pthh. to to a) ? + Cl2 PCl5 c) P + H2SO4 (c) H3PO4 + ? + H2O to to b) P + Ca ? d) P + HNO3 + H2O ? + NO e) P + KClO3 ? + KCl Hy cho bit trong mi phn ng trn, P l cht oxi ha hay cht kh v gii thch. B17: t chy a gam photpho trong lng d oxi ri ha tan hon ton sn phm vo nc thu c dd A. Trung ha dd A bng 100g dd NaOH thu c dd B. Thm lng d dd AgNO3 vo dd B th thu c 41,9g kt ta C mu vng. a) Hy vit cc pthh. Xc nh A, B, C. c) Tnh nng ca dd NaOH b) Tnh a.

GV : Nguyen Th Kim Phng DT : 3828376 B18: C cc cht sau : Ag3PO4, Ca3(PO4)2, H3PO4, P2O5, P, PH3, Ca3P2, Na3PO4. Hy lp mt dy chuyn ha biu din quan h gia cc cht trn. Vit cc pthh v ghi iu kin phn ng nu c. B19: C bn l khng dn nhn ng cc ha cht ring bit sau y : Na2SO4, NaNO3, Na2S v Na3PO4. Hy phn bit mi l v dn nhn cho mi l. B20: Hn hp A gm cc cht rn : NaOH, KOH v CaCO3. xc nh thnh phn nh lng ca hh trn, ngi ta thc hin cc th nghim sau : - Th nghim 1 : Cho 11,8g A tc dng vi lng d dd HCl th thu c 1,12 lt kh B. - Th nghim 2 : Cho 11,8g A tc dng vi lng d dd (NH4)3PO4, un nng nh thu c 3,36 lt kh C. a) Hy vit cc pthh. Xc nh B v C. b) Tnh khi lng cc cht trong hh A. Bit cc kh u c o ktc. B21: Ha tan 0,1 mol mi cht : Al2(SO4)3, NaNO3, Na3PO4 vo 3 cc nc to thnh 100 ml ba dd ring bit. a) Hy cho bit dd no c pH nh nht v gii thch. b) C th dng qu tm nhn bit mi dd trn c khng ? Ti sao. c) Tnh lng kt ta to thnh mi cc (nu c) khi thm dd BaCl2 d vo mi cc trn. B22: T qung photphorit c th iu ch axit photphoric theo s sau : t o ,SiO 2 ,C to Qung photphorit P P2O5 H3PO4 a) Hy vit cc pthh. b) Tnh khi lng qung photphorit 73% Ca3(PO4)2 cn thit iu ch c 1 tn H3PO4 50%. Gi thit hiu sut ca qu trnh l 90%. B23: Cho 24.8g gm Fe v Cu c trn theo t l mol 1 : 3, tc dng va vi dd HNO3 21% (long) a) Tnh khi lng dd HNO3, bit rng ly d 10% b) Tnh th tch kh NO sinh ra ktc. c) C cn dd sau phn ng ri nung n khi lng khng i. Tnh m (g) hh rn sau cng. B24: Ha tan va 3,32g hh Fe, Mg, Al2O3 vo 120ml dd HNO3 2M thu c 0,336 lt kh NO (o 0oC, 2 atm) v dd A. a) Tnh khi lng mi cht trong hh u. b) C cn dd A, nung nng thu c hh kh B. Dn hh kh B vo 188,66 ml H2O to dd C. Tnh C% dd C. c) Thm dd KOH vo dd A cho n d, thu c kt ta D. Lc kt ta, nung n khi lng khng i th c m (g) cht rn E. Tnh m (g). B25: Ha tan hon ton 0,368g hh Al v Zn cn va 25 lt dd HNO3 0,001M. Sau phn ng ta thu c mt dd A c cha ba mui. a) Vit pthh. b) Tnh khi lng ca hai kim loi c trong hh. c) Thm vo dd A mt lng tha dd NH3. Tnh khi lng kt ta thu c. B26: Nung 9,4g mui M(NO3)n trong bnh kn c V = 0,5 lt cha kh N2. Nhit v p sut trong bnh trc khi nung l 0,984 atm 27oC. Sau khi nung mui b nhit phn ht s cn li 4g oxit M2On, a v 27oC p sut trong bnh l p. 1. Tnh nguyn t khi ca M v p sut p. 2. Ly 1/10 lng kh thu c cho hp th hon ton vo H2O thnh 0,25 lt dd A. a) Tnh pH ca dd A. b) Dd A c th phn ng ti a vi bao nhiu gam M2O v bao nhiu lt kh NO c to thnh (ktc) ? Bit rng phn ng to ra ion M2+. B27: Cho mui cacbonat ca kim loi M (MCO3). Chia 11,6g mui cacbonat thnh 2 phn bng nhau. a) Ha tan phn mt bng dd H2SO4 (long) va , thu c mt cht kh v dd G1. C cn G1 c 7,6g mui sunfat trung ha, khan. Xc nh cng thc ha hc ca mui cacbonat. b) Cho phn hai tc dng va vi dd HNO3, c hh kh CO2, NO v dd G2. Khi thm dd HCl (d) vo dd G2, th dd thu c ha tan ti a bao nhiu gam bt ng kim loi, bit rng c kh NO bay ra.