PHNG PHP TO TRONG MT PHNG

Vect & To
Ta ca im va vect:
M(x;y) OM = x.i + y.j
trong

a = (a1;a2) a = a1.i + a2.j

i = (1;0), j = (0;1) l cc vect n v ca trc.

Gi s

a = (a1;a2) v b = (b1;b2).

Vect bng nhau To vect tng, hiu, tch vect vi 1 s:

a = b a1 = b1, a2 = b2
a b = (a1 b1;a2 b2)

ka = (ka1;ka2)

To ca AB: AB = (xB xA;yB yA).

-2-

GV: Nguy n Vi t L c

2/ Cho ABC vi A(1;0), B(4;0), C(0;m) vi m 0. Tnh to trng tm G

ca ABC theo m. Xc nh m GAB vung ti G.
3/ Cho ABC vung cn ti A. Bit M(1;1) l trung im ca cnh BC v
G(;0) l trng tm ABC. Tm to cc nh A, B, C.
4/ Cho 2 im A(1;3), B(3;1). Tm to im C sao cho ABC u.
5/ . Cho ABC vung ti A, AB = c, AC = b. Gi M l im trn cnh BC
sao cho CM = 2BM, N l im trn cnh AB sao cho BN = 2AN. Tm h thc
lin h gia b v c sao cho AM CN.
. Cho ABC vung cn ti A, tnh gc t to bi cc trung tuyn ca tam
gic k t B v C.

di ca vect: a = a 2 + a 2
Khong cch gia 2 im: AB = AB = (xB xA)2 + (y B yA)2
To im M chia on AB theo t s k 1:
x kx B
y ky B
MA = kMB xM = A
, yM = A
1 k
1 k
xA + xB
y + yB
To trung im M ca on AB: xM =
, yM = A
2
2
x A + xB + xC
y A + y B + yC
To trng tm G ca ABC: xG =
, yG =
3
3
a1 a 2
Vect cng phng: a b a = kb
=
(b1b2 0)
b1 b 2

| Phng trnh ng thng.

]| Phng trnh ng thng (d) qua im M(xo;yo) vung gc vi n = (a;b):

a(x xo) + b(y yo) = 0 (a2 + b2 0)

]} Phng trnh tng qut ca ng thng: ax + by + c = 0 (a2 + b2 0), trong
vect php tuyn

n = (a;b), vect ch phng a = (b;a), h s gc k = a/b.

]~ Phng trnh ng thng i qua im M(xo;yo) c h s gc k ( Oy):

y yo = k(x xo)
] ng thng c h s gc k, tung gc b (ct Oy ti B(0;b)): y = kx + b
] Phng trnh ng thng theo on chn (i qua 2 im A(a;0), B(0;b)):

Tch v hng ca 2 vect: a.b = a .b .cos(a,b)

a b a.b = 0

a.b = a1b1 + a2b2.

a = |a|
GG
a1 b1 + a 2 b 2
a.b
Gc ca 2 vect: cos(a,b ) = G G =
.
| a |.| b |
a12 + a 22 . b12 + b 22
2

1/ Cho 3 im A(3;5), B(3;3), C(1;2).

. Chng minh rng A, B, C l cc nh ca 1 tam gic. Tm to im
D sao cho ABDC l hnh bnh hnh.
. Tm to im E sao cho AE = 2AB 3AC.
. Tnh chu vi v din tch ABC.
. Tm to trng tm G, to trc tm H ca ABC, to tm I ca
ng trn ngoi tip ABC. Chng minh I, H, G thng hng.
. Tm giao im ca ng phn gic ngoi gc A vi BC.

] ng thng (d) i qua im M(xo;yo) c vect ch phng a = (a1;a2):

{xy == yx ++ tata :
o

phng trnh tham s.

x x o y yo
=
(a1.a2 0): phng trnh chnh tc.
a1
a2

} V tr tng i ca hai ng thng.

* Cho 2 ng thng (d1): a1x + b1y + c1 = 0, (d2): a2x + b2y + c2 = 0
a b1
b c1
c a1
t D = 1
, Dx = 1
, Dy = 1
a 2 b2
b 2 c2
c2 a 2

+ (d1) ct (d2) a1:a2 b1:b2

+ (d1) (d2) a1:a2 = b1:b2 c1:c2
+ (d1) (d2) a1:a2 = b1:b2 = c1:c2

D 0 (x = Dx:D, y = Dy:D)
D = 0, Dx 0 hay Dy 0
D = Dx = Dy = 0

-3-

6/ Vit phng trnh tham s, phng trnh chnh tc, phng trnh tng qut
ca ng thng i qua im Mo nhn a lm vect ch phng:
. Mo(1;2), a = (3;1) . Mo(2;1), a = (0;1)

. Mo(5;3), a = (2;0)

7/ Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua im Mo vung gc vi n:

. Mo(1;2), n = (2;2) . Mo(2;1), n = (2;0)
. Mo(2;1), n = (2;1)
8/ . Vit phng trnh tham s, chnh tc, tng qut ca ng thng i qua
2 im A(3;1), B(2;5).
. Vit phng trnh tham s ca ng thng 2x + 3y 2 = 0.
9/ Cho ng thng d: x = 2 + 2t v 2 im A(2;5), B(1;7).
y=3+ t

. Tm trn d im M cch im A mt khong bng 4.

. Tm trn d im C sao cho ABC cn.
10>
< Cho 2 im A( 4;3), B(1;5). Tm trn ng thng d: x 2y 3 = 0 im
M sao cho MA2 + MB2 nh nht.
11>
< . Vit phng trnh ng thng D i qua im A(2;3) ct hai .thng
d: x = 7 2t v d: x = 5 + 4m ti B, C sao cho A l trung im ca BC.
y = 3 + t
y = 7 + 3m

. Lp phng trnh ng thng i qua im P(3;0) ct hai ng thng

2x y 2 = 0, x + y + 3 = 0 ti A, B sao cho P l trung im ca on AB.
12>
< Cho ABC c phng trnh hai cnh x + y 2 = 0, 2x + 6y + 3 = 0, trung
im mt cnh l M(1;1). Tm to cc nh.
13>
< Lp phng trnh ng thng nu im P(2;3) l chn ng vung gc
h t O xung ng thng ny.
14>
< Cho P(2;3), Q(1;0). Lp phng trnh ng thng qua Q v vung gc
vi PQ.
15>
< Cho ABC vi A(2;1), B(1;1), C(3;2).
. Lp phng trnh ng cao BH ca tam gic.
. Lp phng trnh ng thng i qua nh A v song song vi BC.
16>
< Cho ng thng (d): 2x + 3y + 4 = 0. Lp phng trnh ng thng i
qua im M(2;1) v:
. song song vi (d).
. vung gc vi (d).
17>
< Cho M(2;1), N(5;3), P(3; 4) l trung im ca cc cnh AB, BC, CA ca
tam gic ABC. Lp phng trnh cc cnh ca tam gic.
18>
< Hnh ch nht ABCD c hai nh A(5;1) v C(0;6), mt cnh c phng
trnh x + 2y 12 = 0. Tm phng trnh cc cnh cn li.
19>
< Tm to trc tm ca tam gic nu bit cc cnh c phng trnh:
AB: 4x y 7 = 0, BC: x + 3y 31 = 0, CA:x + 5y 7 = 0.
20>
< Tm im chiu ca im P( 6;4) ln ng thng 4x 5y + 3 = 0.

-4-

GV: Nguy n Vi t L c

21>
< Tm im B i xng vi im A(5;13) qua ng thng 2x 3y 3 = 0.
22>
< Tm im chiu ca im P(8;12) ln ng thng i qua 2 im A(2;3),
B(5;1).
23>
< Tm im N i xng vi im M(8;9) qua ng thng i qua hai im
A(3; 4), B(1;2).
24>
< Lp phng trnh ng thng i xng ca ng thng (D): x 2y 5= 0
qua A(2;1).
25>
< Cho ABC vi B(3;5), C(4;3), phn gic trong gc A: x + 2y 8 = 0.
Tm phng trnh cc cnh ABC.
26>
< Lp phng trnh cc ng thng (d1), (d2) theo th t i qua cc im
A(0;4), B(5;0) bit ng thng (): 2x 2y + 1 = 0 l ng phn gic ca
gc to bi (d1) v (d2).
27>
< Cho ng thng phng trnh (a + 2)x + (a2 9)y + 3a2 8a + 5 = 0. Vi
gi tr no ca a th ng thng ny :
. song song trc honh. . song song trc tung. . i qua O.
28>
< Lp phng trnh cc cnh v trung tuyn ca ABC nu A(3;2), B(5;2),
C(1;0).
29>
< Cho ABC vi A(3;3), B(2;1), C(11;2). Vit phng trnh ng thng
qua A v chia ABC thnh hai phn c t s din tch bng 2.
30>
< Cho ABC c phng trnh ng cao CH: 2x + y + 3 = 0, phng trnh
phn gic AD: x y = 0, cnh AC qua im M(0;1) v AB = 2AM. Vit
phng trnh cc cnh ca tam gic.
31>
< Cho ABC vi A(3;1), B(5;7) v to trc tm N(4;1). Lp phng
trnh cc cnh ca tam gic.
32>
< Cho ABC c A( 4;1), B(3;2), C(8;5) v im L trn cnh AC sao cho
LC = 3LA, CE l trung tuyn k t C. Tm to giao im ca BL v CE.
33>
< Cho 2 im A(3;2), B(3;1) v ng thng d: x + y 4 = 0. Tm phng
trnh ng thng song song vi d v ct on AB ti im M sao cho MB =
2MA.
34>
< Cho ABC c phng trnh cnh AB: 5x 3y + 2 = 0, phng trnh ng
cao AH: 4x 3y + 1 = 0 v BK: 7x + 2y 22 = 0. Lp phng trnh hai cnh
cn li v ng cao th ba.
35>
< Lp phng trnh cc cnh ca ABC bit nh B( 4;5) v phng trnh
hai ng cao AH: 5x + 3y 4 = 0, CK: 3x + 8y + 13 = 0.
36>
< Lp phng trnh cc cnh ca ABC bit nh A(5;2) v phng trnh
hai trung tuyn BM: 5x + 4y = 0, CN: 3x y = 0.
37>
< Lp phng trnh cc cnh ca ABC bit nh A(4;1) v phng trnh
hai phn gic BD: x 1 = 0, CE: x y 1 = 0.
38>
< Lp phng trnh cc cnh ca ABC bit nh B(2;6) v phng trnh
ng cao AH: x 7y + 15 = 0, phng trnh phn gic gc A: 7x + y + 5 = 0.

-5-

39>
< Lp phng trnh cc cnh ca ABC bit nh B(2;1) v phng trnh
ng cao AH: 3x 4y + 27 = 0, phng trnh phn gic CE: x + 2y 5 = 0.
40>
< Lp phng trnh cc cnh ca ABC bit nh C(4;1) v phng trnh
ng cao AH: 2x 3y + 12 = 0, phng trnh trung tuyn AM: 2x + 3y = 0.
41>
< Lp phng trnh cc cnh ca ABC bit nh B(2;7) v phng trnh
ng cao AH: 3x + y + 11 = 0, phng trnh trung tuyn CM: x + 2y + 7 = 0.
42>
< Lp phng trnh cc cnh ca ABC bit nh C(4;3) v phng trnh
phn gic AD: x + 2y 5 = 0, phng trnh trung tuyn AM: 4x +13y 10 = 0.
43>
< Lp phng trnh cc cnh ca ABC bit nh A(3;1) v phng trnh
phn gic BD: x 4y+10 = 0, phng trnh trung tuyn CM: 6x +10y 59 = 0.
44>
< Cho phng trnh 2 phn gic AD: y + 4 = 0, BE: 7x + 4y + 5 = 0 ca 1
tam gic v phng trnh cnh AB: 4x + 3y = 0. Vit ph.trnh 2 cnh cn li.
45>
< Lp phng trnh ng thng i qua im M(3;7) v chn trn cc trc
to nhng on khc 0 bng nhau.
46>
< Lp phng trnh ng thng i qua im M(2;3) v chn trn cc trc
to nhng on bng nhau.
47>
< Lp phng trnh ng thng qua im M( 4;3) v ct trc honh, trc
tung ln lt ti A, B tho 5AM 3MB = 0.
48>
< Lp phng trnh ng thng i qua im C(1;2) to vi gc to mt
tam gic c din tch bng 2 vdt.
49>
< Lp phng trnh ng thng qua im M(3;1) v ct hai na trc Ox, Oy
ti A, B sao cho:
. Din tch OAB nh nht.
. OA + OB nh nht.
50>
< Xc nh gi tr m v n hai .thng mx + 8y + n = 0 v 2x + my 1 = 0
. song song.
. trng nhau.
. vung gc.
51>
< . Xc nh gi tr m hai ng thng (m 1)x + my 5 = 0, mx +
(2m 1)y + 7 = 0 ct nhau ti 1 im trn trc honh.
. nh m ba ng thng (1): 2x + y 1 = 0, (2): x + 2y + 1 = 0,
(3): mx y 7 = 0 ng quy ti mt im.
52>
< Tm giao im 2 ng thng trong cc trng hp sau:
. x + 5y 35 = 0, 3x + 2y 27 = 0. . x = 2t , x = 3t + 1 .
y = 3t y = 6t + 3

. 3x + 5y 4 = 0, 6x + 10y 7 = 0. . x y2 = 0, x2 2y = 0.
53>
< Cho a2 + b2 > 0 v 2 .thng (d1): (a b)x + y = 1, (d2): (a2 b2)x + ay = b.
Xc nh giao im ca (d1) v (d2), tm iu kin i vi a, b giao im
nm trn trc honh.
54>
< Chng minh rng ng thng (d): (m 2)x + (m 1)y + 2m 1 = 0 lun
i qua 1 im c nh.

-6-

GV: Nguy n Vi t L c

~ Khong cch t mt im n mt ng thng.

]| Khong cch t im M(xo;yo) n ng thng (): ax + by + c = 0:
ax o + by o + c
d(M,) =
a 2 + b2
t F(x,y) = ax + by + c.
* M1(x1;y1), M2(x2;y2) nm v khc pha i vi () F(x1,y1).F(x2,y2) < 0
* M1(x1;y1), M2(x2;y2) nm v cng pha i vi () F(x1,y1).F(x2,y2) > 0
]} Phng trnh ng phn gic gc to bi 2 ng thng (d1), (d2):
a1 x + b1 y + c1
a x + b 2 y + c2
= 2
a12 + b12
a 22 + b 22
55>
< Tnh khong cch t im A n ng thng (d):
. A(2;1), (d): 4x + 3y + 10 = 0. . A(0;3), (d): 5x 12y 23 = 0.
. A(2;3), (d): 3x 4y 2 = 0.
. A(1;1), (d): x = 1 + 2t .
y=2+t
56>
< Tnh khong cch gia 2 ng thng song song:
. 3x 4y 10 = 0, 6x 8y + 5 = 0.
. 5x 12y + 26 = 0, 5x 12y 13 = 0.
57>
< Tnh din tch hnh vung c 1 cnh nm trn ng thng x 2y 7 = 0
v nh A(2;5).
58>
< Cho ABC c ph.trnh cc cnh AB: x +21y 22 = 0, BC: 5x 12y +7 =0,
CA: 4x 33y +146 = 0. Tnh khong cch t trng tm tam gic n cnh BC.
59>
< Tnh din tch hnh vung c hai cnh nm trn hai ng thng 5x 12y
65 = 0, 5x 12y + 26 = 0.
60>
< Khong cch t im M n cc ng thng 5x 12y 13 = 0 v 3x 4y
19 = 0 bng tng ng l 3 v 5. Tm to im M.
61>
<
Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua im M(2;4) cch im A(0;3)
khong cch bng 1.
62>
<
Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua im A(2;5) cch im B(5;1)
khong cch bng 3.
63>
< Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua im M(1;2) c khong cch n
im A(2;5) bng na khong cch n im B(1;8).
64>
< Tm phng trnh ng thng (d) cch im A(1;1) mt khong bng 2,
cch im B(2;3) mt khong bng 4.
65>
< Tm phng trnh .thng (d) c h s gc bng 2, cch im A(2;3) mt
khong bng 4.
66>
< Vit phng trnh ng thng vung gc vi .thng 2x + 6y 3 = 0 v
cch im A(5;4) khong cch l 10.

-7-

67>
< Lp phng trnh ng thng song song vi ng thng 3x 4y 10 = 0
v cch ng thng ny khong cch bng 3.
68>
< Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua gc to to vi hai ng thng
x y + 12 = 0, 2x + y + 9 = 0 mt tam gic c din tch bng 1,5 vdt.
69>
< Cho 2 im A(2;2), B(5;1). Tm trn ng thng (d): x 2y + 8 = 0 im
C sao cho dt(ABC) = 17 vdt.
70>
< Cho ABC c A(2;3), B(3;2) v dt(ABC) = 15 vdt. Tm im C bit
trng tm G nm trn ng thng (d): 3x y 8 = 0.
71>
< im E(1;1) l tm mt hnh vung c mt cnh nm trn ng thng
x 2y + 12 = 0. Lp phng trnh cc cnh cn li.
72>
< Lp ph.trnh cc cnh hnh vung c 2 nh lin tip A(2;0), B(1;4).
73>
< Lp phng trnh cc cnh ca hnh vung bit nh A(5;1) v phng
trnh mt cnh l 4x 3y 7 = 0.
74>
< Lp phng trnh tp hp nhng im c khong cch n ng thng
8x 15y 25 = 0 bng 2.
75>
< Lp phng trnh tp hp nhng im cch u 2 ng thng song song:
. 3x y + 7 = 0, 3x y 3 = 0. . 5x 2y 6 = 0, 10x 4y + 3 = 0.
76>
< Tm trn ng thng 2x y 5 = 0 im P sao cho tng khong cch t
n hai im A(7;1) v B(5;5) l nh nht.
77>
< Tm trn ng thng 3x y 1 = 0 im P sao cho hiu khong cch t
n hai im A(4;1) v B(0;4) l ln nht.
78>
< Cho ng thng (): mx + y m 2 = 0 v 2 im A(2;1), B(4;2).
. nh m () ct on AB.
. nh m khong cch t gc to O n () l ln nht.
79>
< Lp ph.trnh cc ng phn gic gc nhn v t to bi 2 ng thng:
. x 2y 3 = 0, 2x + 4y + 7 = 0. . 3x + 4y 1 = 0, 5x + 12y 2 = 0.
. x 3y + 5 = 0, 3x y 2 = 0
80>
< Cho 2 ng thng d1: x + 2y 11 = 0 v d2: 3x 6y 5 = 0. Lp phng
trnh ng phn gic ca gc to bi d1 v d2 m c cha im M(1;3).
81>
< Lp phng trnh ng thng i qua im P(2;1) to vi hai ng
thng (d1): 2x y + 5 = 0, (d2): 3x + 6y 1 = 0 mt tam gic cn c nh l
giao im ca (d1) v (d2).
| a1a 2 + b1 b 2 |
Gc gia hai ng thng. cos(d1,d2) = |cos(n1, n2)| =
.
a12 + b12 . a 22 + b 22
82>
< Tm gc gia 2 ng thng:
. 5x y + 7 = 0, 3x + 2y = 0.
. 3x y + 5 = 0, 2x + y 7 = 0.
83>
< Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua im M(2;1) to vi ng thng
(L): x = 1 + t, y = 2 23t gc 45o.

-8-

GV: Nguy n Vi t L c

84>
< nh m gc to bi 2 .thng 4x + my 20 = 0, 2x 3y + 6 = 0 l 45o.
85>
< Cho phng trnh cc cnh ca tam gic: 3x + 4y 1 = 0, x 7y 17 = 0,
7x + y + 31 = 0. Chng minh rng tam gic ny cn.
86>
< im A( 4;5) l nh ca mt hnh vung c mt ng cho nm trn
ng thng 7x y + 8 = 0. Lp phng trnh cc cnh v ng cho th hai
ca hnh vung.
87>
< Mt hnh vung c tm I(2;3) v 1 cnh c phng trnh: x 2y 1 = 0.
Lp phng trnh cc ng cho v cc cnh cn li ca hnh vung.
88>
< Lp phng trnh cnh hnh vung c 2 nh i din A(1;3), C(6;2).
89>
< Cho ABC cn nh C(4;3), phng trnh cnh AC: 2x y 5 = 0, phng
trnh cnh AB: x y = 0. Vit phng trnh cnh BC.
90>
< Cho ABC cn ti A, phng trnh cnh BC: x + 2y 3 = 0, cnh AB: 2x
+ y 3 = 0. Lp phng trnh cnh AC bit AC i qua im M(2;1).
91>
< Cho ABC vung cn ti A(4;1), ph.trnh cnh huyn 3x y + 5 = 0. Tm
phng trnh 2 cnh gc vung.
92>
< Cho 2 ng thng (d1): x + y 1 = 0, (d2): x 3y + 3 = 0. Vit phng
trnh ng thng (d) i xng ca (d1) qua (d2).
ng trn.
]| Phng trnh ng trn (C) tm I(a;b) bn knh R:
2
2
2
(x a) + (y b) = R
2
2
2
2
2
x + y 2ax 2by + c = 0 vi R = a + b c > 0
]} Phng trnh tip tuyn ca ng trn:
a. Tip tuyn vi (C) ti im M(xo;yo) (C): Tip tuyn qua M vung gc vi
IM = (xo a;yo b) do c phng trnh: (xo a)(x xo) + (yo b)(y yo) = 0.
b. Tip tuyn vi (C) i qua im M(xo;yo) (C):
+ Phng trnh tip tuyn () c dng:
a(x xo) + b(y yo) = 0 ax + by axo byo = 0 (a2 + b2 0)
+ () tip xc (C) d(I,) = R, t tm c a, b.
c. Phng trnh tip tuyn vi (C) c h s gc k:
* Nu tip tuyn c h s gc k: phng trnh tip tuyn c dng y = kx + m
* Nu tip tuyn song song ng thng ax + by + c = 0: phng trnh tip tuyn
c dng ax + by + m = 0.
* Nu tip tuyn vung gc ng thng ax + by + c = 0: phng trnh tip tuyn c
dng bx ay + m = 0.
+ () tip xc (C) d(I,) = R, t tm c m.
93>
< Lp phng trnh ng trn trong cc trng hp sau:
. Tm O bn knh R = 3.
. Tm I(2;3) bn knh R = 7.
. i qua gc O v c tm I(6;8). . i qua A(2;6) c tm I(1;2).

-9-

. Tm O v tip xc vi ng thng 3x 4y + 20 = 0.
. Tm I(1;1) v tip xc vi ng thng 5x 12y + 9 = 0.
. i qua im B(9;9) v tip xc vi trc honh ti A(6;0).
. i qua A(3;1), B(1;3), tm I nm trn ng thng 3x y 2 = 0.
. i qua 3 im A(1;3), B(0;2), C(1;1).
!0. i qua im M(1;2) v tip xc vi cc trc to .
!1. i qua 2 im A(1;3), B(4;2) v tip xc vi ng thng x y + 1 = 0.
!2. Qua A(1;1), B(0;2) v tip xc vi ng trn (x 5)2 + (y 5)2 = 16.
!3. Bn knh R = 5, tip xc vi .thng x 2y 1 = 0 ti im A(3;1).
!4. i qua A(2;1), tip xc vi hai .thng 2x + y 5 = 0, 2x + y + 15 = 0.
!5. i qua M(1;2), tip xc vi hai .thng 7x y 5 = 0, x + y + 13 = 0.
!6. Tm I(3;1), 1 dy cung di bng 6 nm trn .th. 2x 5y + 18 = 0.
!7. Tm nm trn ng thng 2x + y = 0 v tip xc vi 2 ng thng
4x 3y + 10 = 0, 4x 3y 30 = 0.
!8. Tm nm trn .thng 4x 5y 3 = 0 v tip xc vi 2 ng thng
2x 3y 10 = 0, 3x 2y + 5 = 0.
!9. Tip xc vi 3 ng thng:
4x 3y 10 = 0, 3x 4y 5 = 0, 3x 4y 15 = 0.
94>
< Phng trnh no xc nh 1 ng trn. Tm tm v bn knh.
. x2 + y2 4x + 6y 3 = 0.
. x2 + y2 8x = 0.
. x2 + y2 + 4y = 0.
. x2 + y2 2x + 4y + 14 = 0
2
2
. x + y + 4x 2y + 5 = 0.
. x2 + y2 + 6x 4y + 14 = 0.
95>
< Bin lun s tng giao ca ng thng (D): mx y 2m + 3 = 0 v
ng trn (C): x2 + y2 2x + = 0.
96>
< Lp phng trnh ng knh ca ng trn x2 + y2 + 4x 6y 17 = 0
bit rng ng knh vung gc vi ng thng 5x + 2y 13 = 0.
97>
< . Lp phng trnh tip tuyn vi ng trn (x + 2)2 + (y 3)2 = 25 ti
im A(5;7).
. Lp phng trnh tip tuyn vi ng trn x2 + y2 + 2x 19 = 0 bit
tip tuyn i qua im A(1;6). Vit phng trnh ng thng qua 2 tip im.
. Lp phng trnh tip tuyn vi ng trn x2 + y2 + 10x 2y + 6 = 0
bit tuyn song song vi ng thng 2x + y 7 = 0.
. Lp phng trnh tip tuyn vi ng trn x2 + y2 2x + 4y = 0 bit
tip tuyn vung gc vi ng thng x 2y + 9 = 0.
(i = 1, 2)
98>
< Lp phng trnh chnh tc ca Elip nu:
. Trc ln bng 10, tiu c bng 8. . Trc nh bng 24, tiu c bng 10.
. Tiu c bng 8, tm sai bng . . Trc ln bng 20, tm sai bng .
. Trc nh bng 10, tm sai bng .

-10

GV: Nguy n Vi t L c

. im M(25;2) nm trn Elip v trc nh ca n bng 6.

. im M(2;2) nm trn Elip v na trc ln bng 4.
. Hai im M(4; 3 ), N(22;3) nm trn Elip.
. im M(15;1) nm trn Elip v tiu c bng 8.
!0. im M(2; ) nm trn Elip v tm sai bng .
!1. im M(8;12) nm trn Elip v bn knh qua tiu im bn tri ca
im M l r1 = 20.
!2. i qua im M( 4 3 2 ;) v M nhn on ni 2 tiu im di gc .
!3. Khong cch gia 2 ng chun bng 5, tiu c bng 4.
!4. Khong cch gia 2 ng chun bng 16, trc ln bng 8.
!5. Khong cch gia 2 ng chun bng 13, trc nh bng 6.
!6. Khong cch gia 2 ng chun bng 32, tm sai bng .
!7. im M( 5;2) nm trn Elip v kh.cch gia hai .chun bng 10.
99>
< Lp phng trnh Elip bit:
. Phng trnh cc cnh hnh ch nht c s l x 4 = 0, y 3 = 0.
. Tm O, hnh ch nht c s c 1 cnh nm trn ng thng x 2 = 0
v c ng cho bng 6.
. Mt nh l (5;0), phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip hnh ch nht c
s l x2 + y2 = 41.
1=00>
<
Tm di cc trc, nh, tiu im, tm sai ca (E):
. x2 + 25y2 = 25.
. x2 + 5y2 = 15.
. 4x2 + 9y2 = 25.
2
2
2
2
. 9x + 25y = 1.
. x + 4y = 1.
1=01>
<
Tnh din tch t gic c 2 nh l 2 tiu im, 2 nh cn li l 2 nh trn
trc nh ca Elip x2 + 5y2 = 20.
1=02>
<
Kim chng rng im M( 4; ) nm trn Elip 16x2 + 25y2 = 400, tnh
cc bn knh qua tiu im ca im M.
1=03>
<
Tm cc im M trn Elip 7x2 +16y2 = 112 sao cho F1M = 2,5.
1=04>
<
Xt v tr tng i ca ng thng v elip:
x 2 y2
x 2 y2
. 2x y 3 = 0,
+
= 1,
. 2x + y 10 = 0,
+
= 1,
16 9
9
4
. 3x + 2y 20 = 0, x2 + 4y2 = 40.
1=05>
<
Tm tm sai ca Elip trong cc trng hp:
. di trc ln bng k ln di trc nh (k > 1).
. Mi tiu im nhn trc nh di gc 2.
. nh trn trc nh nhn 2 tiu im di gc 2.

-20-

. nh m (Cm) l ng trn c bn knh bng 1. Gi ng trn ny

l (C). Vit phng trnh ng thng (d) tip xc vi ng trn (C) ti im
A(1 + ;1 ).
. Vit ph.trnh tt c cc tip tuyn vi (C) bit chng vung gc (d).
54>
< Cho ng trn (Cm): x2 + y2 12mx 2(m + 1)y + (m + 1)2 = 0.
. Bin lun theo m s giao im ca (Cm) vi trc tung.
. nh m (Cm) tip xc ngoi vi ng trn (C): x2 + y2 = 1.
55>
< Cho h ng trn (Cm): x2 + y2 2mx + 2my + 2m2 1 = 0.
. Chng minh rng (Cm) lun l mt ng trn c bn knh khng i.
. Tm tp hp tm I ca h (Cm). Suy ra (Cm) lun tip xc vi 2 ng
thng c nh m ta phi vit phng trnh.
56>
< Cho h ng trn (Cm): x2 + y2 + (m + 2)x (m + 4)y + m + 1 = 0
. nh m (Cm) l ng trn c bn knh nh nht.
. Tm tp hp tm cc ng trn (Cm).
57>
< Cho h ng trn (Cm): x2 + y2 (m 2)x + 2my 1 = 0
. Chng t rng cc ng trn ny u qua 2 im c nh khi m thay
i. Vit phng trnh trc ng phng ca h ng trn ny.
. Vit phng trnh cc tip tuyn ca (C2) k t A(0;1) khi m = 2.
58>
< Cho 2 ng trn (C1): x2 + y2 x 6y + 8 = 0, (C2): x2 + y2 2mx 1 = 0.
nh m (C1) tip xc (C2). Ch r loi tip xc.
59>
< Cho 2 ng trn
(C): x2 + y2 1 = 0, (Cm): x2 + y2 2(m + 1)x + 4my 5 = 0
. Tm tp hp tm cc ng trn (Cm) khi m thay i.
. Chng minh rng c hai ng trn (Cm) tip xc vi (C) ng vi 2 gi
tr ca m. Vit phng trnh cc tip tuyn chung ca 2 ng trn (Cm) .
60>
< Cho ng trn (C): x2 + y2 = 1 v ng thng (d): ax + by +1 = 0.
. Tm iu kin i vi a, b (d) tip xc vi (C).
. M v N l hai im trn (C) vi xM = 1, yN = 1. Xc nh a, b tng
khong cch t M v N n (d) nh nht vi gi thit (d) tip xc vi (C).
61>
< Cho h ng cong ph thuc tham s m, c phng trnh :
F(x,y) = x2 + y2 2m(x a) = 0
trong a l mt s dng cho trc (c nh).
. Vi gi tr no ca m, phng trnh trn l phng trnh ca ng
trn? K hiu Cm l ng trn ng vi gi tr m.
. Chng t rng on thng ni im O vi im A(2a;0) lun ct Cm.
(2m 1)x + 2my + 5m + 8 = 0
62>
< Cho h phng trnh 2
(*)
x + y 2 + 6x 8y = 0

. Gii h phng trnh (*) khi m = 2.

-22-

. Xt hnh ch nht PQRS ni tip trong (E) v c cc cnh song song

vi cc trc ca (E). Tm to cc nh hnh ch nht sao cho n c din tch
ln nht.
70>
< Cho elip (E): 4x2 + 9y2 = 36 v im M(1;1).
. Lp phng trnh ng thng (D) qua M ct (E) ti 2 im M1, M2 sao
cho MM1 = MM2.
. ng thng () qua M ct (E) ti 2 im P, Q. Tm tp hp cc trung
im I ca on PQ.
71>
< Cho elip (E): 4x2 + 9y2 = 36 v 2 .thng (D): ax by = 0, (D): bx + ay =0
(a2 + b2 > 0). Gi M, N l cc giao im ca (D) vi (E), P, Q l cc giao im
ca (D) vi (E).
. Tnh din tch t gic MPNQ theo a v b.
. Tm iu kin i vi a, b din tch t gic MPNQ nh nht.

72>
< Cho hypebol (H): 9x2 4y2 = 36.
. Xc nh to cc nh, to cc tiu im, tm sai v cc tim cn
ca (H). V hypebol cho.
. Tm cc gi tr ca n .thng y = nx 1 c im chung vi hypebol.
73>
< Cho hypebol (H): 16x2 9y2 = 144.
. Tm di trc thc, trc o, tiu c, tiu im, nh, tm sai v
phng trnh cc ng tim cn ca (H).
. Tm im M (H) sao cho khong cch t O n M bng na tiu c.
74>
< Cho hypebol (H): 9x2 16y2 = 144 c tiu im F1, F2.
. Tm im M (H) sao cho F1M F2M.
. Gi s M(xo;yo) (H). Tnh OM2 F1M.F2M v (F1M + F2M)2 4OM2.
75>
< Cho hypebol (H): 5x2 4y2 20 = 0 v ng thng (D): x y + m = 0.
. Chng minh rng (D) lun ct (H) ti 2 im M, N (xM < xN) thuc 2
nhnh khc nhau ca (H).
. nh m sao cho 3F1M = F2N, vi F1, F2 l tiu im ca (H).
76>
< Cho hypebol (H): 9x2 16y2 = 144.
. Tm nhng im trn (H) nhn 2 tiu im di 1 gc 120o.
. A l nh trn trc thc c honh dng. Tm to nhng im M,
N trn (H) sao cho AMN u.
77>
< Cho hypebol (H): 4x2 y2 = 4.
. Tm nhng im trn (H) c to nguyn.

Bi Tp n

-21-

. Xc nh m h phng trnh (*) c 2 nghim (x1;y1), (x2;y2) sao cho

biu thc E = (x1 x2)2 + (y1 y2)2 t gi tr ln nht.

63>
< Cho elip (E): 4x2 + 9y2 = 36 c tiu im F1, F2.
. Tm cc im M(E) tho MF1 = 2MF2.
. Chng minh rng vi mi im M (E) ta u c 2 OM 3
. Gi s M(xo;yo) (E). Tnh F1M.F2M + OM2 v 4OM2 (F1M F2M)2.
64>
< Cho elip (E): 3x2 + 4y2 48 = 0.
. Tm nhng im M trn (E) sao cho F1M:F2M = 3:5.
. ng thng (D) qua I(2;1) c h s gc l ct (E) ti B v C. Tm
im A trn (E) sao cho ABC c din tch ln nht.
x2
y2
65>
< Cho elip (E):
+
= 1.
100 36
. Tm to cc tiu im F1, F2, tm sai, phng trnh cc ng chun.
. Qua F1, dng 1 dy AB ca (E) v vung gc vi trc honh. Tnh
di on AB. Tm im M trn (E) sao cho di F1M nh nht.
66>
< Cho elip (E): 3x2 + 5y2 = 30.
. Xc nh to cc nh, to cc tiu im v tm sai ca elip.
. ng thng i qua tiu im F2(2;0) ca (E), song song vi trc tung,
ct (E) ti 2 im A v B. Tnh khong cch t A v t B ti tiu im F1.
67>
< Cho elip (E): 9x2 + 25y2 225 = 0.
. Tm tung ca im thuc (E) c honh x = 5 3 3 v tnh khong
cch t im n hai tiu im.
. Tm cc gi tr ca b ng thng y = x + b c im chung vi (E).
1
1
. Gi I, J l 2 im trn (E) sao cho OI OJ. Tnh
+ 2 .
2
OI
OJ
68>
< Cho elip (E): x2 + 4y2 4 = 0 v im A(2;0).
. Gi (D) l ng thng qua M(3;1) v c h s gc k. Bin lun theo k
s giao im ca (D) v (E).
. Tm 2 im B, C trn (E) sao cho ABC l tam gic u.
. Mt gc vung xAy quay quanh nh A ct (E) ti 2 im E, F. Chng
minh rng ng thng EF lun i qua 1 im c nh.
69>
< Cho elip (E): 9x2 + 4y2 = 36.
. Vit phng trnh ng thng (D) qua A(1;3) v song song vi ng
phn gic I. Tm to giao im ca (D) v (E).

Bi Tp n

-19-

45>
< Cho 2 ng trn
(C1): x2 + y2 2x 2y + 1 = 0, (C2): x2 + y2 12x 12y + 36 = 0.
Chng minh rng (C1) v (C2) ngoi nhau. Tm khong cch ngn nht v
di nht ni 1 im ca (C1) vi 1 im ca (C2).
46>
< Cho 2 ng trn c tm ln lt l I, J
(C1): x2 + y2 4x + 2y 4 = 0, (C2): x2 + y2 10x 6y + 30 = 0
. Chng minh (C1) tip xc ngoi vi (C2) v tm to tip im H.
. Gi (D) l 1 tip tuyn chung khng i qua H ca (C1) v (C2). Tm to
giao im K ca (D) v ng thng IJ. Vit phng trnh ng trn (C)
i qua K v tip xc vi (C1) v (C2) ti H.
47>
< Cho 3 im A(3;1), B(0;7), C(5;2).
. Chng minh rng ABC vung v tnh din tch ca n.
. im M chy trn ng trn ngoi tip ABC. Chng minh rng khi
trng tm G ca MBC chy trn 1 ng trn, vit ph.trnh ng trn
48>
< . Cho 2 im A(4;0), B(0;3). Vit phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip v
ni tip OAB.
. Tm tp hp tm cc ng trn tip xc vi Ox v ct Oy ti im
A(0;1).
49>
< Cho ng trn (C): x2 + y2 8x 6y + 21 m2 = 0 v im I(5;2).
. Chng minh rng I nm trong ng trn (C).
. Tm ph.trnh ng thng ct (C) ti 2 im nhn I lm trung im.
50>
< Cho A, B l 2 im trn trc honh c honh l nghim ca phng
trnh: x2 2(m + 1)x + m = 0 v im E(0;1).
. Vit phng trnh ng trn ng knh AB.
. Vit phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip EAB.
51>
< Cho ng thng (d): 2x + my + 1 2 = 0 v hai ng trn
(C1): x2 + y2 2x + 4y 4 = 0, (C2): x2 + y2 + 4x 4y 56 = 0.
. Gi I l tm ng trn (C1). Tm m sao cho (d) ct (C1) ti 2 im
phn bit A v B. Vi gi tr no ca m th din tch IAB ln nht v tnh gi
tr ln nht .
. Chng minh (C1) tip xc vi (C2). Vit phng trnh tng qut ca tt
c cc tip tuyn chung ca (C1) v (C2).
52>
< Cho h ng trn c phng trnh x2 + y2 2mx + 2(m 2)y + 3 = 0
. Tm gi tr ca m phng trnh trn xc nh 1 ng trn (C).
. Tm tp hp tm ng trn (C) khi m thay i.
. Tm cc ng trn (C) tip xc vi ng thng x = 3.
53>
< Cho h ng cong (Cm): x2 + y2 2x 2y + m = 0.
. Vi iu kin no ca m th (Cm) l ng trn? Xc nh tm v bn
knh ca (Cm) trong trng hp ny.

-18-

. Tm im M trn (C) sao cho MAB cn ti M.

. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn vi (C) song song ng thng AB.
35>
< Cho ng trn (C): (x + 1)2 + (y 2)2 = 13 v .thng (d): x 5y 2 = 0.
. Tm to giao im A, B ca (d) v (C).
. Tm im M trn (C) sao cho MAB vung.
36>
< Cho im A(2;1) v ng trn (C): (x 1)2 + (y + 3)2 = 9.
. Chng minh rng A nm ngoi ng trn.
. Qua A v 2 tip tuyn AT1 v AT2 n (C) (T1, T2 l 2 tip im). Vit
phng trnh ng thng T1T2 v tnh di T1T2.
37>
< Cho im A(3;0) v ng trn (C): x2 + y2 + 2x 4y 20 = 0.
. Chng minh rng im A trong ng trn.
. Vit phng trnh dy cung qua A sao cho dy cung ngn nht.
38>
< Cho 3 im A(1;2), B(2;1), C(1;5).
. Chng minh rng tp hp cc im M sao cho MA2 + MB2 = MC2 l 1
ng trn (T) m ta phi xc nh tm v bn knh.
. Vit phng trnh ng thng (D) qua A ct (T) ti 2 im E, F sao
cho on EF ngn nht.
39>
< Cho 2 .trn (C1): x2 + y2 2x 2y 2 = 0, (C2): x2 + y2 8x 2y +16 = 0
. Chng minh rng (C1) v (C2) tip xc nhau.
. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn chung ca (C1) v (C2).
40>
< Tm phng trnh tip tuyn chung ca 2 ng trn
(C1): x2 + y2 10x + 24y = 56, (C2): x2 + y2 2x 4y = 20.
41>
< Cho ng thng (): x y 3 = 0 v im M(2cos2t;2(1 + sintcost)).
. Chng minh rng tp hp cc im M l 1 ng trn (C).
. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) vung gc vi ().
42>
< Cho 3 im A(0;4), B(3;0), C(3;0).
. Vit phng trnh ng trn (T) tip xc vi ng thng AB ti B v
tip xc vi ng thng AC ti C.
. Gi M l 1 im bt k trn (T), d1, d2, d3 ln lt l khong cch t M
ti cc ng thng AB, AC, BC. Chng minh rng: d1.d2 = d3 .
43>
< Cho ng trn (C): x2 + y2 2x + 4y + 4 = 0. Vit phng trnh ng
thng () song song vi ng thng (D): 3x + 4y 1 = 0 v chia ng trn
(C) thnh 2 cung c t s di bng 2.
44>
< Cho .thng (D): 3x 2y 1 = 0 v .trn (C): x2 + y2 2x + 4y + 3 = 0.
. Xc nh v tr tng i ca (D) v (C).
. Tm im M(xo;yo) (D) sao cho xo + yo t gi tr nh nht.
. Tm cc im N(x1;y1) (C) sao cho x1 + y1 t gi tr ln nht hoc
gi tr nh nht.

-17-

Bi Tp n

25>
< Cho ABC u c nh A(1;0), phng trnh cnh BC: 2x 4y + 3 = 0.
. Tnh chiu cao AH v dt(ABC).
. Vit phng trnh hai cnh cn li ca tam gic.
. Tm im M trn BC sao cho MA + MO nh nht.
26>
< Cho 2 im A(1;4), B(4;1). Tm im C trn trc Ox sao cho ABC c chu
vi nh nht.
27>
< Cho 2 im A(2;5), B(2;3) v .thng (d): x 4y + 4 = 0. Chng minh
rng (d) ct ng thng AB ti im M ngoi on AB. Tnh t s MA:MB.
28>
< Cho ng thng (): x = 3t
v 2 im A(1;2), B(2;3).
y = 2 + 4t

. Chng minh rng () ct on AB.

. Tm ph.trnh ng thng (D)() v (D) cch () mt khong bng 3.
29>
< Cho 2 ng thng (d1): x 2y + 3 = 0, (d2): 2x + y 1 = 0.
. Chng minh rng (d1) (d2).
. Tm trn Ox cc im cch u (d1) v (d2).
30>
< Cho 2 im A(1;2), B(3;2) v 2 ng thng
(d1): 2x + 3y 6 = 0, (d2): 2x + 3y 12 = 0.
. Tnh khong cch gia (d1) v (d2).
. nh m ng thng (): mx + y + 1 = 0 ct on AB.
. Tm phng trnh ng thng (D) qua A v ct (d1), (d2) ti E, F sao
cho EF = 3.
31>
< Cho 2 im B(2;3), C(1;0) v ng thng
(): (m 2)x + (m 1)y + 2m 1 = 0.
. Chng minh rng () lun i qua 1 im c nh A.
. nh m () ct on BC.
. nh m khong cch t B n () ln nht.
32>
< . Trn mt phng to , vit phng trnh ng trn (T) tm Q(2;1)
bn knh r = 10. Chng minh rng (khng dng hnh v) im A(0;3) nm
ngoi ng trn (T).
. Vit phng trnh cc ng thng i qua im A(0;3) v khng c
im chung vi ng trn (T).
33>
< Cho ng trn (C) tm I(1;2) v bn knh R = 3.
. Vit phng trnh tng qut ca ng trn (C).
. Vit phng trnh ng thng cha dy cung ca ng trn (C) nhn
gc to O(0;0) lm trung im.
34>
< Cho ng trn (C): x2 + y2 2x 9 = 0 v 2 im A(1;3), B(4;0).

-16-

12>
< Cho ABC c nh C(2; 4), trng tm G(0;4) v M l trung im ca BC
. Gi s M(2;0). Xc nh to A v B.
. Gi s M di ng trn ng thng (D): x + y 2 = 0, tm qu tch
im B. Xc nh M di cnh AB l ngn nht.
13>
< Cho ABC vung ti A, phng trnh cnh BC: 3x y 3 = 0, cc
nh A, B thuc trc honh v bn knh ng trn ni tip bng 2. Tm to
trng tm G ca ABC.
14>
< Cho ABC vung ti C vi CA = a, CB = b. Vit phng trnh tp hp cc
im M sao cho MA2 + MB2 = 2MC2.
15>
< Cho ABC cn c phng trnh cnh y BC v cnh bn AB ln lt l:
x + 2y = 0, x y + 6 = 0. Vit phng trnh ng thng qua B v song song
vi AC.
16>
< Cho ABC bit A(1;2), B(2;0), C(3;1).
. Xc nh tm ng trn ngoi tip ABC.
. Tm im M trn ng thng BC sao cho SABM = SABC.
17>
< Vit phng trnh ng thng (d) i qua im A(1;2) v cch u 2 im
M(2;3), N(4;5) .
18>
< Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua im B(1;3) cch im A(2;5)
khong cch bng 8.
19>
< Cho 2 ng thng (d1): x 3y + 6 = 0, (d2): 2x y 3 = 0. Tm phng
trnh ng thng (d) i xng ca (d2) qua (d1).
20>
< Cho ng thng (d): 3x + 4y 12 = 0. Vit phng trnh ng thng (d)
i xng vi (d) qua O.
21>
< Cho A(1;3), B(3;3), I(6;2) v ng thng (D): 4x + 3y 3 = 0.
. Vit phng trnh ng thng qua I v vung gc vi (D).
. Vit phng trnh ng thng qua I v cch u 2 im A,B.
. Tm im C trn (D) sao cho dt(IBC) = vdt.
22>
< Cho hnh ch nht ABCD c tm I(;0), phng trnh ng thng AB l
x 2y + 2 = 0 v AB = 2AD. Tm to cc nh A, B, C, D bit rng nh A
c honh m.
23>
< Cho M(2;6), gi (d) l ng thng qua M ct Ox ti A, Oy ti B. Tm
phng trnh ng thng (d) bit 3OA 4OB = 0 v M trn on AB.
24>
< Cho ABC vi A(0;1), B(1;2), C(5;1)
. Tm phng trnh cnh BC v ng cao AH.
. Gi (D) l ng thng i qua A c h s gc m. nh m (D) ct
BC ti mt im nm pha ngoi on thng BC.

-10-

Phng Php To Trong Mt Phng

Elip.

Hypebol:

nh Ngha:

nh ngha

(H) = {M / F1M F2M = 2a}

a l na trc thc,
b l na trc o
y

(E) = {M / F1M + F2M = 2a}

a l na trc ln,
b l na trc nh

K hiu

B2

K hiu

2b
F1

:
A1

(1)

F2
2c
2a
2
2a /c

O
B1

2b
A2

F 1 A1

(2)
(1)

2c
2
2a /c

Elip
Phng trnh chnh tc
Tiu c F1F2

= 2c

Tiu im
Tm sai
Bn knh qua tiu im
ca im M(E)
nh
Phng trnh cc cnh
hnh ch nht c s

F2

2a

(2)
Hypebol

+=1

=1

c2 = a2 b2
F1(c;0), F2(c;0)
e = c/a
r1 = F1M = a + exM
r2 = F2M = a exM
A1(a;0), A2(a;0)
B1(0;b), B2(0;b)
x=a
y=b

c2 = a2 + b2
F1(c;0), F2(c;0)
e = c/a
r1 = F1M = exM + a
r2 = F2M = exM a
A1(a;0), A2(a;0)

Phng trnh cc tim cn

a
a2
=
e
c

Ph.trnh cc ng chun

(1,2): x

Tnh cht

FM i
= e (i = 1, 2)
d(M, i )

x=a
y=b
y = x
(1,2): x

a
a2
=
e
c

FM i
=e
d(M, i )

-14-

Phng Php To Trong Mt Phng

2

1=26>
<
Trn parabol y = 16x tm cc im c bn knh qua tiu im bng 13.
1=27>
<
Xt v tr tng i ca ng thng x y + 2 = 0 v parabol y2 = 8x.

Cnic
nh Ngha: Cnic l tp hp cc im M ca mt phng c t s khong cch t n
ti 1 im c nh F v 1 .thng c nh () (khng i qua F) bng mt hng s e.
e: Tm sai, F: Tiu im, (): ng chun ng vi tiu im F
* Nu e < 1: cnic l Elip.
* Nu e > 1: cnic l Hypebol.
* Nu e = 1: cnic l Parabol.

1=< 28> Lp phng trnh cnic nu bit:

. Tm sai , tiu im F(2;1) v ng chun tng ng x 5 = 0.
. Tm sai bng , tiu im F(5;0) v ng chun tng ng 5x 16 = 0
. Tm sai , tiu im F( 4;1) v ng chun tng ng y + 3 = 0.
. Tm sai bng , tiu im F(0;13) v ng chun tng ng 13y
144 = 0.
. Tm sai , tiu im F(3;0) v ng chun tng ng x + y 1 = 0.
. Tm sai bng 5, tiu im F(2;3) v phng trnh ng chun
tng ng 3x y + 3 = 0.
. im A(3;5) nm trn cnic, tiu im F(1; 4), ph.trnh ng
chun tng ng x 2 = 0.
. im A(3;5) nm trn cnic, tiu im F(2;3), phng trnh ng
chun tng ng x + 1 = 0.
. im M(2;1) nm trn cnic, tiu im F(1;0), phng trnh ng
chun tng ng 2x y 10 = 0.
!0. im M(1;2) nm trn cnic, tiu im F(2;2), phng trnh ng
chun tng ng 2x y 1 = 0.

-12-

Phng Php To Trong Mt Phng

. Khong cch gia 2 nh trn 2 trc bng k ln tiu c (k > ).

1=06>
<
Tm sai Elip bng 10, bn knh qua tiu im ca im M trn Elip bng
10. Tnh khong cch t M n ng chun cng pha vi tiu im ny.
1=07>
<
Tm sai Elip bng , khong cch t im M trn Elip n ng chun
bng 20. Tnh khong cch t M n tiu im cng pha vi ng chun
ny.
1=08>
<
Mt Elip c tm sai bng , tiu im F(2;0). Tnh khong cch t mt
im M trn Elip c honh bng 2 n ng chun cng pha vi tiu
im cho.
1=09>
<
Mt Elip c tm sai bng , mt ng chun c phng trnh x = 16.
Tnh khong cch t 1 im M trn Elip c honh bng 4 n tiu im
cng pha vi ng chun cho.
1=10>
<
Tm tm sai ca Elip bit khong cch gia 2 ng chun = k ln tiu c

1=11>
<
Lp phng trnh chnh tc ca hypebol nu:
. Tiu c bng 10 v trc o bng 8. . Tiu c bng 6, tm sai bng .
. Trc thc bng 16, tm sai bng .

Bi Tp n

-23-

. ng thng (D) qua A(1;4) ct (H) ti 2 im phn bit M, N sao cho

A l trung im ca MN. Tm to M, N.

78>
< Cho parabol (P): y2 = 4x.
. Tm im M trn (P) c bn knh qua tiu im bng 10 v tung
dng. Tm im N trn (P) sao cho OMN vung ti O.
. Tm 2 im A, B trn (P) sao cho OAB u.
79>
< Cho parabol y2 = 2x v ng thng (d): 2x 2my 1 = 0. Chng t rng
vi mi m, (d) lun i qua tiu im F ca (P) v ct (P) ti hai im M, N.
Tm tp hp cc trung im I ca MN khi m thay i.
80>
< Cho parabol (P): y2 = 8x v im I(2;4) nm trn (P). Xt gc vung thay
i quay quanh im I v 2 cnh gc vung ct (P) ti 2 im M, N ( I).
Chng minh rng ng thng MN lun lun i qua 1 im c nh.
81>
< Cho parabol (P): y2 = x v gi F l tiu im ca (P). Gi s ng thng
(d) i qua F ct (P) ti 2 im M1 v M2.
. Tnh M1M2 khi (d) Oy.
. Gi s (d) Oy. Gi k l h s gc ca (d). Tnh M1M2 theo k. Xc
nh cc im M1, M2 sao cho M1M2 ngn nht.

. Phng trnh tim cn y = x, tiu c bng 20.

. Cc im M(6;1), N(8;22 ) nm trn hypebol.
. Tm sai bng 2, im M(5;3) nm trn hypebol.
. Phng trnh tim cn y = x, im M( ;1) nm trn hypebol.
. Tng 2 bn trc a + b = 7, phng trnh 2 tim cn y = x
. Mt nh l (3;0), phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip hnh ch nht
c s x2 + y2 16 = 0
!0. Qua im M vi xM = 5 v F1M = , F2M = .
!1. Khong cch gia 2 ng chun bng

, tiu c bng 26.

!2. Khong cch gia 2 ng chun bng , trc o bng 6.

!3. Khong cch gia 2 ng chun bng , tm sai bng .
!4. Phng trnh tim cn y = x, khong cch gia 2 ng chun = .
!5. Phng trnh ng chun x = , im M(3; ) nm trn hypebol.
!6. Phng trnh tim cn y = , phng trnh ng chun x = .
1=12>
<
Tm di cc trc, tiu im, tm sai, phng trnh cc tim cn:

82>
< Cho 3 ng thng D1: 3x + 4y 6 = 0, D2: 4x + 3y 1 = 0, D3: y = 0. Gi
A = D1D2, B = D2D3, C = D3D1.
. Vit phng trnh phn gic trong ca gc A ca ABC v tnh SABC.
. Vit phng trnh ng trn ni tip ABC.
83>
< Cho hai im A(3;3 ), B(3; 3).
. Vit phng trnh ng trn ngoi tip ABO.
. Lp phng trnh chnh tc ca parabol i qua 2 im A, B.
84>
< Cho hai im A(2;3) v B(2;1).
. Vit phng trnh ng trn i qua 2 im A, B v c tm nm trn
trc honh.
. Vit phng trnh chnh tc ca parabol i qua im A. V ng trn
v parabol tm c trn cng mt h trc to .
85>
< Cho hai im A(5;0) v B(4;32).
. Lp phng trnh ng trn nhn AB lm ng knh. Tm to cc
giao im ca ng trn v trc honh.
. Lp phng trnh chnh tc ca elip i qua A v B.