1-

Mch np c qui dng IC LM317 hoc LM350

2- Mch np t ng dng Thisito v Transitor

4- Mt s mch o cnh bo mc in cho c qui 12 VDC dng LED

6- Mch np t ngt

Mch in Inverter
Cho bn ! Inverter l mt loi thit b ngun "bin i ngc" t in mt chiu cung cp bi pin hoc c qui thnh in xoay chiu (DC/AC) . - V nguyn tc trn c s l thuyt th vic s dng mch in bn dn to ra cc dao ng hnh sin ri trn c s thng qua cc bin p nng mc in ln 220VAC l hon ton lm c . Tuy nhin trong qu tnh thc hin iu cc mch Inverter loi r tin trn th trng c bn nhng v yu t thng mi ha h gi thnh sn phm nn thng mc mt s nhc im nh sau : 1- Thng s dng mch dao ng a hi vi dng xung vung sau lc tn v sa dng bng cu trc bin p + t in nn dng sng ra khng c chun theo dng sin thun ca cc loi my pht in c hc dng cun dy quay trong t trng . Mt khc vic lc tn cng khng c m bo lm nn thng xut hin thm cc hi bc cao trong ... hin tng nu xut ra vi cng sut ln c th gy h hng cho cc thit b in . 2- Mt s mch khc c s dng mach dao ng hnh sin chun nhng cht lng linh kin khng tt v hiu nng km do tn hao cng sut trong qu trnh bin i nng lng t dng in mt chiu sang xoay chiu ... nn cng khng hiu qu lm trong qu trnh s

dng . Cc mch ny thng phc tp hn v thng s dng trong cc UPS cho my tnh v gi thnh cng t hn . 3- Ni chung qu trnh bin i nng lng t dng ny qua dng khc u c tn hao nng lng nht nh vy nn s dng trc tip ngun nng lng cho cc loi thit b c thit k ph hp th vn tt hn bi chng trnh c cc tn hao v ch ny m v lu di th vn hiu qu hn ! 4- Gi thnh nghin cu v sn xut n chic l cc t ... Li khuyn: Nu bn ch mun s dng ngun in d tr bng accu cho qut th nn mua loi qut chy in 1 chiu th hay hn l s dng bin tn hay Inverter ... Loi qut accu ny c bn sn trn th trng vi gi cng ph hp tm khong t 300k n 600k ty loi v ty cht lng . - Nu c sn accu th bn c th mua loi qut 12VDC hoc 24VDC cc khu ch bn hng in t ... gi ch tm 60k/chic . Cc loi mch Inverter ch nn s dng cho my tnh hoc cc loi thit b tivi ... c s dng ngun di rng Swiching ... nh c di in p rng v n nh cao nn ngun Swiching ca cc thit b ny t b s c khi s dng ngun Inverter ny ! - Nu v mun hc tp v nghin cu th vic t ch b Inverter ny cng khng l qu t vi mc u t tm trn di 200k VND cho linh kin ... Bn c th tham kho vi mch Inverter n gin di y nh ! (Ti liu ny tham kho ti mt s trang ca nc ngoi)

Mch DC/AC s dng dao ng a hi dng cng NAND IC SN7400

Mch Inverter s dng dao ng n n dng IC LC3524 c sa dng xung u ra bng mch lm nht s dng RC

4.Mch np in cho Pin LITHIUM bng ngun c qui 12 VDC (C th ng dng lp mch np di ng bng ngun c qui trn xe hi)

6- Mch np t ngt s dng transtor NPN Gm 3 transitor knh N. 2 bin tr v in tr.

Khi chit p P1(10k) c gi tr cc i tc l t (6.8k n 10k) dng np khng c. Khi ta iu chnh P1 vi mt gi tr nh hn gi tr max th lc ny ta c dng np theo mun (P1 nh nht ng vi dng np l ln nht. Hai transitor T1 v T2 loi NPN c mc theo kiu Darlington. Khi iu chnh P1 lc ny kch m hai transitor T1 v T2 m cho dng np i qua v acquy c np. i vi chit p P2 th iu chnh khng ch mc np cho acquy. Trong qu trnh acquy ang np th T3 khng lm vic v mc in p vo cc bazo ch ng

Khi acquy c np y, Transitor T3 c lm vic dng in qua T3 lm cho T1 v T2 ng (V in p khng qua chn B ca T1 m T3 m s cho dng in xung t). Khi khng c dng np qua acquy v acquy c y. Cn D6 bo v in p ngc cho acquy hay khi mc acquy nhm khng nh hng g n mch. an ton hn l cc pc nn mc ci cu ch m bo hn. Khi mc nhm th Cu ch ny t ngt. Cu nn in gm cc D1 n D4 v Transitor T2 cn c tn nhit. in tr R1 (0.5) dng dy mangan c ng knh l 1mm qun vo ng dy cch in c ng knh 1mm qun vo ng cch in c ng knh t 25mm n 30mm. khong t 6 n 8 vng (Ch cn o dng in trc khi mc) V ngun chnh lu ta cn ly in 20V ( y l khng phi hn l in 1 chiu in nhp nh np cho acquy nhanh). Bin p loi li c thit din l 10Cm2: + Cun dy th cp (220V) qun 5 n 7 vng/vn, dy c ng knh : 0.45 - 0.6mm bng dy ng cch in. + Cun th cp ly ra 20V qun 6.3 vng/vn, dy c ng knh 1.8 - 2mm bng ng cch in. Cch in tt cun th cp v s cp
Mch sc acquy 12V ca ch LanHuong? -Mch ny mnh ly bn DTVN nhng mnh c ch ko hiu phn Diode D8,D9 m ch LH gii thch: Quote: D8 v D9 c tc dng qui nh khong cch gia in p ngng np v in p ti lp vic np. C th y l ngng np khi in p accu t 13,7 VDC hay 13,8 VDC v bt u np li khi in p accu ch cn 10,5 VDC hay 10,7 VDC bo m an ton. -V sao D8,D9 li to c khong cch in p gia vic ngng np v np li vy ? -V chc nng ca nhm in tr 0,1Ohm/5W+Bin tr 2K + TransA1015 lm g vy ? Ai bit gip em vi.

1/. D8 // D9 lm nhim v zener 0,6V (hai chiu) v in p "ri" trn mi ni P-N silicon l 0,6V. Ngha l khi in p trn chit p VR3 (5K) tng hoc gim 0,6V tr ln th ng vo (=) ca TL082 mi thay i. Do m in p c quy tng (hoc gim) ln hn 1,2V th in p ti im gia VR3 mi tng (hoc gim) hn 0,6V --> lc mi c tc ng vo in p ng vo (+) ca TL082. Ni khc i, D8//D9 to c mt "khong dng" in p gia np v ngng np. 2/. 0,1 Ohm/ 5W + chit p 2K + A1015 + 2,2K hp thnh mch in bo v chp chm. Hot ng : Khi SCR dn --> c dng np chy qua 0,1Ohm/5W, lc trn in tr ny c mt in p V(c) = 0,1 x I(np). Chit p 2K phn nh in p ny, c chnh ly mt phn in p a vo kch dn A1015. Cn chnh chit p 2K ny dng np thng trc khng to in p kch dn A1015. Khi chp chm (ngn mch) u ra th dng I(np) tng rt cao --> V(c) tng cao lm cho A1015 c kch dn --> in p trn collector / A1015 nhanh chng tng ln vt xa in p 6,6 V --> TL082 "lt" trng thi --> cng cc linh kin lin quan ngt SCR --> mt in p v cng np I(np) --> 0. Khi v ch khi khng cn chp chm th dng I(np) mi c ti lp. Mch np v bin p c bo v. -Cu tr li ca ch chi tit qu!Thanks ch nhiu.(Sao forums ko lm nt Thanks nh). Cho em hi thm cu na thi : -Em khng hiu ti sao in tr 100 Ohm/5W lm th no m tt c KY202 vy? Bn killua142 ch cn ch mt cht xu l bit ngay m.

- in p anode / KY202 l in p nn ton k khng c t lc. V vy n l chui cc bn k dng lin tip. - Nu khng c dng kch m I(gate) th khi qua im khng (0V) gia hai bn k k tip nhau, U(AK) = 0 --> I(AK) = 0 --> KY202 t ng ngt.

- 100 Ohm / 5W va c tc dng bo m U(AK) --> 0V im khng, va to dng in np "duy tr" khong 100 mA c quy lun lun c nng lng b nng lng mt i qua dng r. Khng c in tr ny th mch vn chy thi. __________________ illua142 khng phi "g cng nghip" u, m do khng chu tm ti suy ngh y thi. khi l ng nh ng chuyn t in mnh hay yu g , kimtrang86 trnh by y vic bo lu trng thi b ng h i tip Op-Amp gi trong bi ni trn. X t Op-Amp TL082 c ng vo (-) c nh p b ng zener 6V (D1) phn nh trn V(C2). Ng vo (+) ni R4 = 100k vi ng ra v R2 = 100k vi ng vo (-) nh trong hnh di y vi m phng MultiSim 11.

Khi cp in, in p ng vo (+) ca TL082 ln chm hn ng vo (-) do c s tham gia ca t in C1 (1uF) --> ng ra thp p, in p V(+) gim theo --> ng ra cng thp p --> mch np hot ng (Led1 trong hnh sng ln).

1/. Qu trnh phng in (gim p c quy)

: Khi in p trn c quy V(2) > 13,7V th V(C1) > 6,6V dn qua D3 --> V(+) = V(C1) 0,6V > 6V. Ng ra ln cao, in p h i tip t ng ra v (+) qua R4 lm cho V(+) cng tng. Trong hnh (V+) = 7,22V --> mch np b ngt (trong hnh Led1 tt). : V2 gim dn (trong hnh l 13V) th V(C1) = 6,5V (gim theo). in p ng ra vn mc cao dn qua R4 --> V(+) = 7,08V (dn qua D2 v C1) do ng ra ca TL082 vn mc cao. Mch np vn ngt (trong hnh Led1 vn tt). : V2 gim n cn 11V th V(C1) = 5,60V; in p ng ra ca TL082 vn mc cao dn qua R4 nn V(+) = 6,21V (dn qua D2 v C1). Mch np vn ngt (trong hnh Led1 vn tt). : V2 ch cn 10,7V --> V(C1) = 5,35V k o theo in p V(+) = 5,35 V + 0,6V = 5,95V (dn qua D2 v C1)--> TL082 lt trng thi --> ng ra v mc thp --> in p trn V(-) dn qua R4 lm V(+) cng thp (trong hnh l V(+) = 4,78V. Mch np hot ng (trong hnh Led1 sng).

2/. Qu trnh np (sc / tng p c quy), V2 tng dn ln khi ng ra ca TL082 vn mc thp,

in p V(C1) dn qua D3, bo lu trng thi n khi V2 > 13,7V th TL082 mi "lt trng thi", mch ngng np (nh ) killua142 v cc bn nn : - Qu trnh tng gim in p cc im o trong hnh l khng tuyn tnh vi in p c quy v c s tham gia ca in p cc tnh ng ra ca TL082 qua R4. - D3 cn cho qu trnh tng p c quy (np), D2 cn cho qu trnh gim p c quy (phng), l l do khng th d ng ch 1 diode. Originally Posted by killua142

-Mch trn em lm th thy pht sinh 1 vn l Thyristor ko m,cc phn khc th hot ng ng nhng in p kch t ln chn G ca thyristor l 13,4v , chn K 13,2v ,chn A l 17,5v ,p t ng ra ca op-amp 1 cha qua D6 l 14v . -Em th em Scr ny ra mch board test bt tt led th thy Scr vn hot ng bt nhng ni vao mch th li ko m c ( dng np acquy lc ny chi khong 0.03mA,nu ngn mch Scr th dng 0.5A (em np cho bnh 5Ah)). -Cho em hi c phi p ra ca op-amp 1 ko kch Scr ( do chnh lch p gia G-K ko ln) ? v liu c bin php no x l ( Liu c th thay 7815=7818 + chuyn bin p ln 24v tng p kch ) ? P/s: mch trn em d ng cu diode v b qua phn 10v do ch lm phn np acquy. -Thanks mi ngi.
Vn n m ch killua142 s dng con "SCR ny" l con SCR g, tnh trng ra sao. V khi th trn test boad th kch dn b ng dng in I(gate) bao nhiu. Nu KY202 (10A / 400V) cn hon ho th ch cn I(gate) ~ 15 mA l c kch dn.

Khi khng s dng ng linh kin trong mch (hoc linh kin t i, gim cht lng) th dng kch I(gate) tng ln --> vi mch tnh ton cht ch th khng kch dn c na. Trong iu kin cn thit k li mch SCR - gate driver. Mch di y khng khc mch trn nhng d ng SCR l BT151 nn dng kch dn I(gate) > 55 mA, mch gate driver phi d ng Q1 + Q2 khuch i xung kch dn n mc dng in hp l (ph ho vi datasheet linh kin).

Trong mch, kt qu o v chy m phng cho thy SCR c tng cng dng kch m, do kch m v np in thnh cng (Idc = 6,15A) trn ti l c quy 12V. Ch l mch ny thit k cho c quy ~ 50 Ah, khng th th b ng c quy 5 Ah c, s gy n bnh c quy nguy him. Linh kin in t trn th trng l kh "bt nho", cn phi o c cn thn c nhn nh ng n, t ci bin, cn chnh mch cho ph hp.