1) Cube Test

I.

Objective: - To determine compressive strength of concrete\

II.

Sample Size : - 150mm X 150mm X 150mm

III.

Equipment : - Compression Testing Machine (C.T.M)

IV.

Procedure : a) Cube moulds of cast iron are oiled from inside so that concrete doesnt adhere to the mould.

Fresh concrete is poured into moulds in 3 layers and properly compacted with help of tamping rod with 35 numbers of blows in each layer. The moulds are then kept for 24 hours for setting of concrete. After 24 hours cubes are removed from the moulds and placed in water. After 7 days and 28 days of curing, the cubes are tested in compression testing machine.3 samples are tested after 7 days and other 3 after 28 days.

b) While testing first the cubes are weighed and area of cubes is found. Then cubes are tested in

CTM and max load at which specimen fails is observed. Strength is then calculated as:Strength

c) Weight of cube should not be less than 8kg else the cube is failed.

d) Frequency of samples to be prepared as per IS 456

Quantity of Concrete 1 5 m3 6 15 m3 16 30 m3 31 50 m3 51 m3and above

No. Of Samples (Sets) 1 2 3 4 4+1 additional sample for each additional 50 m3 or part thereof

Results: For M20 Grade concrete used at site, the following results were observed. Sample 1. 2. 3. Load (N) 420000 435000 415000 For 7 days strength Area (mm) 22500 22500 22500 Strength (N/mm) 18.67 19.33 18.44

Average strength = 18.793 N/mm

Sample 1. 2. 3.

Load (N) 660000 635000 680000

For 28 days strength Area (mm) 22500 22500 22500

Strength (N/mm) 29.33 28.22 30.22

Average strength = 28.592 N/mm

2) Slump Test
I.

Objective:-To determine Consistency of Concrete Mix.

II.

Equipment: - Slump Cone, Tamping Rod, Trowel, Non Porous surface. Slump Cone is a hollow frustum made of thin steel sheet with internal dimensions as: top diameter 100mm, bottom diameter 200mm and height 300mm. Tamping Rod is 16mm diameter and 0.6m long with bullet pointed at lower end.

III.

Procedure: - Freshly prepared concrete mix prepared is poured into the slump cone into 4 equal layers each approximately of the height. Tamp each layer 25 times with the help of tamping roads distributing the strokes in a uniform manner over the cross-section of mould. For second layer and subsequent layers tamping rod should penetrate in to the underlying layer. Strike off the top with a trowel or tamping rod so that mould is completely filled. Remove the cone immediately, raising it slowly and carefully in vertical direction. As soon as the concrete settlement comes to a stop, measure the subsidence in mm which will give the slump.

IV.

Results: Slump for M20 measured at site was as follows: Sample 1 2 3 Slump value 1 2 1

V.

Precautions: a) The strokes are to be applied uniformly throughout the cross section. b) The cone should be removed very slowly lifting it upward without disturbing the concrete. The unsupported concrete should be allowed to spread and settle and after settlement the height should be measured accurately. c) The experiment should be completed within 3 minutes. d) Mould and the base plate should be smooth, clean and damp but not wet from inside. e) Test should be made away from any kind of ground vibrations.

1. Sieve Analysis for Coarse aggregates (20mm and 10 mm size) I. II. III.

Objective: - To determine grain size distribution of Course Aggregate Apparatus : - Sieves of size 40mm, 20mm, 10mm, 4.75mm, Pan; Sieve Shaker Procedure: - Take 10kg of aggregate of nominal size 20mm. The sample shall be brought to an air-dry condition before weighing and sieving. This may be achieved either by drying at room temperature or by heating at a temperature of 100C to 110C. The air-dry sample shall be weighed and sieved successively on the appropriate sieves starting with the largest. Care shall be taken to ensure that the sieves are clean before use. Carry out sieve by hand. Shake each sieve in order: 40mm, 20mm, 10mm, 4.75mm, over a clean dry tray for a period not less than 2 minutes. The shaking is done in varied motion over the sieve surface in frequently changing direction. Find the mass of aggregates retained on each sieve taken in order. Material shall not be forced through the sieve by hand pressure, but on sieves coarser than 20 mm, placing of particles is permitted.

IV.

Results: Cumulative weight Retained (Gms.) 0 10 1280 1924 2000 Cumulative % Retained 0 0.5 64.0 96.2 100 Total Passing % 100 99.5 36 3.8 % Passing for Acceptable Limits (as per IS:383; 1970) 100 85100 020 0-5 -

IS Sieve Size 40mm 20mm 10mm 4.75mm Pan


I. II.

Sieve analysis for Fine Aggregates Objective: - To determine grain size distribution of Fine Aggregate. Apparatus : - Sieves of size 10mm, 4.75mm, 2.36mm, 1.18mm, 600, 300, 150,

Pan; Sieve Shaker

III.

Procedure: - Repeat the same procedure as in case of coarse aggregate. The acceptable limits of aggregates retained on each sieve should be as follows. For 500gm weight of sample

Cumulative IS Sieve Size 10mm 4.75mm 2.36mm 1.18mm 600 300 150 PAN Retained (Gms.) 8 48 114 238 384 488 500

Cumulative % Retained 1.6 9.6 22.8 47.6 76.8 97.6 -

Total Passing % 100 98.4 90.4 77.2 52.4 23.2 2.4 -

% Passing for Acceptable Limits (as per IS:383; 1970) Zone 1 Zone 2 Zone 3 100 100 100 90100 90100 90100 60-95 75-100 85-100 30-70 55-90 75-100 15-34 35-59 60-79 8-20 8-30 8-35 0-10 0-10 0-10 -

Total Cumulative % retained =256.00 Fineness modulus = 2.56