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V ng thng
Cc trng hp
1. 0<m1 v dx>0
2. 0<m1 v dx<0
3. m>1 v dy>0
4. m>1 v dy<0
5. -1 m<0 v dx>0
6. -1 m<0 v dx<0
7. m<-1 v dy>0
8. m<-1 v dy<0
V ng thng - DDA
Bi tp 1:
Thit k thut ton DDA v on thng i qua 2 im
(x1,y1); (x2,y2) c hsg 0<m1 v dx>0
(Xem cch trnh by trong gio trnh Dng Anh c, L
nh Duy LineDrawing.pdf - trang 2-5)
V ng thng - DDA
Bi tp 2:
S dng thut ton DDA v on thng AB vi
A(2,2), B(6,5)
Bi tp 3:
S dng thut ton DDA ri rc ho on thng AB
vi A(2,2), B(6,5)
V ng thng - DDA
H s gc ca t AB l :
Y
YB YA
5 2 3
m=
=
=
=
X XB XA 6 2 4
X = XB XA = 6 2 = 4
V ng thng - DDA
ni
xi
yi
11/4
14/4
17/4
20/4
Xi+1=Xi+1
Yi+1 =Yi+m
V ng thng - Bresenham
Bi tp 1:
Thit k thut ton Bresenham v on thng i qua 2
im (x1,y1); (x2,y2) c hsg 0<m1 v dx>0
(Xem cch trnh by trong gio trnh Dng Anh c, L
nh Duy LineDrawing.pdf - trang 2,6-10)
V ng thng - Bresenham
Bi tp 2:
S dng thut ton Bresenham v on thng AB
vi A(2,2), B(6,5)
Bi tp 3:
S dng thut ton Bresenham ri rc ho on
thng AB vi A(2,2), B(6,5)
V ng thng - Bresenham
H s gc ca t AB l :
Y
YB YA
5 2 3
m=
=
=
=
X XB XA 6 2 4
X = XB XA = 6 2 = 4
V ng thng - Bresenham
pi
P1 = 2 Y X
ni
xi
yi
Yi + 1 = Yi
-2
Pi + 1 = Pi + 2 Y
Pi < 0
X i +1 = X i + 1
Pi 0
X i +1 = X i + 1
Yi + 1 = Yi + 1
Pi + 1 = Pi + 2( Y X )
V ng thng - MidPoint
Bi tp 1:
Thit k thut ton MidPoint v on thng i qua 2
im (x1,y1); (x2,y2) c hsg 0<m1 v dx>0
(Xem cch trnh by trong gio trnh Dng Anh c, L
nh Duy LineDrawing.pdf - trang 2,11-12)
V ng thng - MidPoint
Bi tp 2:
S dng thut ton MidPoint v on thng AB vi
A(2,2), B(6,5)
Bi tp 3:
S dng thut ton MidPoint ri rc ho on
thng AB vi A(2,2), B(6,5)
V ng trn - MidPoint
Bi tp 1:
Thit k thut ton MidPoint v ng trn c tm l
(xc,yc), bn knh R v mu v l color
(Xem cch trnh by trong gio trnh Dng Anh c, L
nh Duy LineDrawing.pdf - trang 15-20)
V ng cong bc 2
Bi tp 1:
Thit k thut ton MidPoint v ellipse c tm l
(xc,yc), bn knh R v mu v l color
(Xem cch trnh by trong slide bi ging Bi Tin Ln
chng 1c - slide 7-14. V lu thut ton v vit hm v
ellipse)
Lu : cc cng thc trong slide phi chng minh c th (nu
c thi gian).
V hnh khc
Bi tp 1:
nh ngha hm v tam gic u tm (xc,yc) bn knh
R
V hnh khc
A
S o ca cung b chn
bi gc tm bng s
o ca gc tm chn
cung .
Trong mt ng trn,
s o ca gc ni tip
bng na s o ca cung
b chn
V hnh khc
A
Xc nh to cc
nh ca i tng
cn v
V cc on thng
mt cch hp l
ni cc nh ny vi
nhau
V hnh khc
A
V hnh khc
Bi tp 2:
nh ngha hm v ngi sao 5 cnh rng tm (xc,yc)
bn knh R
V hnh khc
A
B
r
nh l hm s sin:
Trong mt tam gic t l
gia di ca mi
cnh vi sin ca gc i
din l nh nhau cho c
ba cnh
r
R
=
V hnh khc
A
B
r
T mu
Bi tp 1:
Hy cho bit th t cc pixel c t mu trong hnh
v sau. S dng thut ton t mu ln cn 4 quy v
im u tin c t mu l (5G)
T mu
Bi tp 2:
Hy cho bit th t cc pixel c t mu trong hnh
v sau. S dng thut ton t mu ln cn theo im ht
ging v im u tin c t mu l (5G)
T mu
Bi tp 3:
nh ngha hm t mu phn giao (nu c) ca hai
hnh ch nht
- Rectagle1( l1,t1,r1,b1,color)
- Rectagle2( l2,t2,r2,b2,color)
T mu
Bi tp 4:
nh ngha hm t mu phn giao gia on thng
nm ngang A(x1,y1), B(x2,y2) vi hnh trn tm
C(xc,yc), bn knh R.
T mu
Bi tp 4:
nh ngha hm t mu phn giao gia on thng
nm ngang A(x1,y1), B(x2,y2) vi hnh trn tm
C(xc,yc), bn knh R.
ng cong
Bi tp 1:
a. Vit hm nhp vo hm mt a thc v min i s
ca a thc
y=f(x)=a0 + a1 x+ a2 x2+...+ an xn vi x[xmin ,xmax ]
ng cong
Bi tp 2:
Vit phng trnh tham s ng cong Bezier i qua 4
im iu khin A(2,4), B(5,7), C(7,4) v D(10,6)
ng cong
Bi tp 3:
Cho ng cong Bezier C1 vi 4 im iu khin sau
{(2,2), (2,4), (6,5), (6,3) }
- Lp PTTS ca ng cong C1
- Kim tra im A(4,4), B(5,4) c thuc ng cong
C1 khng? Ti sao?
- Xc nh thng ca ng cong C1
- Cho ng cong Bezier C2 vi 4 im iu khin
{(6,3),(7,1),(8,1),(9,3) }. Kim tra xem im ni gia C1,
C2 c trn (lin tc bc 1) khng?
Affine
Bi tp 1:
- Xc nh nh tam gic ABC bit A(0,0), B(1,0),
C(0,2) qua php quay quanh im I(2,2) mt gc 90o.
Affine
Bi tp 2:
- Tm php bin i affine T bin A thnh B, B thnh
C, C thnh D, D thnh E, E thnh F v F thnh A. Bit
ABCDEF l lc gic u, A(4,7), D(6,3)
- Hy xc nh nh ca tam gic MNP qua php bin
i affine T trn. Bin M(-1,1), N(-2,2), P(4,2).
Affine
Bi tp 3:
- Hy p dng phng php phn r tm php bin
i T bin t gic ABCD thnh ABCD. Bit A(1,1),
B(3,1), C(3,3), D(1,3); A(5,4), B(4,4), C(8,8), D(9,8)
Affine
Bi tp 4:
- Hy p dng phng php i s tm php bin
i T bin t gic ABCD thnh ABCD. Bit A(1,1),
B(3,1), C(3,3), D(1,3); A(5,4), B(4,4), C(8,8), D(9,8)
Xn Cohen-Sutherland
Bi tp 1:
- Trnh by thut ton Cohen-Sutherland xn on
thng bng ca s hnh ch nht. p dng xn on
thng AB bng ca s W. Bit A(10,0), B(0,20) v P(0,0),
Q(5,10) vi P,Q ln lt l to gc tri trn v gc
phi di ca ca s W.
Xn Cohen-Sutherland
Quy c m vng
Left
Right
Bottom
Top
Xn Cohen-Sutherland
Hnh v m vng
C (1 0 0 1)
C ( 0 0 0 1)
C (1 0 0 0 )
C ( 0 0 0 0)
C (1 0 1 0 )
C ( 0 0 1 0)
C ( 0 1 0 1)
C ( 0 1 0 0)
C ( 0 1 1 0)
Xn Cohen-Sutherland
Cc trng hp
TH1
TH2
TH3
TH4
C1(0000)
C2(0000)
Kt qu xn Q1Q2 = P1P2
C1(1???)
C2(1???)
C1(?1??)
C2(?1??)
C1(??1?)
C2(??1?)
P1,P2 cng nm bn di
C1(???1)
C2(???1)
C1(0000)
C2(????)
P1 nm trong khung xn
Hon v P1,P2
C1(1???)
C2(0000)
P1 nm ngoi khung xn
C1(?1??)
C2(0000)
C1(??1?)
C2(0000)
Xn bng cnh di
C1(???1)
C2(0000)
Kt qu xn Q1Q2 =
Xn Cohen-Sutherland
Lp phng trnh chnh tc cho on thng P1P2
Lp bng (bng bn di mang tnh cht minh ho)
A
CA
CB
Trng hp
(-1,0)
(4,7)
1000
0001
TH4 , ct tri
(0,7/5)
(4,7)
0000
0001
TH3, hon v
(4,7)
(0,7/5)
0001
0000
TH4, ct trn
(0,7/5)
(13/7,4)
0000
0000
TH1, dng
Kt lun
Xn - Liang-Barsky
Bi tp 2:
- Trnh by thut ton xn on thng Liang-Barsky.
- p dng xn on thng P1(-5,-6), P2(5,7) bng ca
s W={tri=-4, phi=4, di=-4, trn=4}.
Xn Liang-Barsky
-
y = P1 y + ( P2 y P1 y )t
0 t 1
bottom y top
Xn Liang-Barsky
-
bottom P1 y + ( P2 y P1 y )t top
0 t 1
Gii h bt pt v kt lun.
Xn - Sutherland-Hodgeman
Bi tp 3:
- Trnh by thut ton xn a gic SutherlandHodgeman.
- p dng xn a gic ABCDEFGHI bng ca s hnh
ch nht W.
C
A
B
G
Xn Sutherland-Hodgeman
Bc 1
OUT = {}
Bc 2
Lp
p : p0 ... pn-1
s l nh k trc ca p
th1 : p bn trong, s bn trong
th2 : p bn ngoi, s bn trong
th3 : p bn ngoi, s bn ngoi
th4 : p bn trong, s bn ngoi
Xn
J
G
v tr P
v tr S
TH
OUT
Ngoi
Ngoi
{}
Trong
Ngoi
{J,B}
Trong
Trong
{J,B,C}