1

VT L 11 Chng 1: in tch, in trng I. H THNG KIN THC TRONG CHNG 1. nh lut Cu lng. ln ca lc tng tc gia hai in tch im ng yn trong chn khng:
F=k q1q2 r2

Cc in tch t trong in mi v hn th lc tng tc gia chng gim i ln. 2. in trng. - Vct cng in trng l i lng c trng cho in trng v mt tc dng lc:
Q r2

E=

F q

- Cng in trng gy ra bi in tch im Q ti im cch n mt khong r trong chn khng c xc nh bng h thc:
E=k

3. Cng ca lc in v hiu in th. - Cng ca lc in tc dng ln mt in tch khng ph thuc vo dng ng i ca in tch m ch ph thuc vo v tr ca im u v im cui ca ng i trong in trng - Cng thc nh ngha hiu in th:
U MN = A MN q E= U MN M ' N'

- Cng thc lin h gia cng in trng v hiu in th trong in trng u: Vi M, N l hnh chiu ca M, N ln mt trc trng vi mt ng sc bt k. 4. T in. - Cng thc nh ngha in dung ca t in: C = - in dung ca t in phng:
C= S 9 9.10 .4d Q U

- in dung ca n t in ghp song song: - in dung ca n t in ghp ni tip: - Nng lng ca t in:
W=

C = C1 + C2 + ......+ Cn

1 1 1 1 = + + ..... C C1 C2 Cn

QU CU2 Q2 = = 2 2 2C E 2 w= - Mt nng lng in trng: 9 9.10 .8

Bi 1. Cho hai in tch dng q1 = 2nC v q2 = 0,18 C t c nh v cch nhau a = 10cm. t thm mt in tch th ba q0 ti mt im trn ng thng ni hai in tch q1 v q2 sao cho q0 nm cn bng. Hy tm: a. V tr t q0. b. Du v ln ca q0. Hng dn gii: a. Gi F1 v F2 l cc lc do q1 v q2 tc dng ln in tch q0. iu kin in tch q0 nm cn bng l
F1 + F2 = 0, ngha l F1 v F2 phi l hai lc cn bng:

- F1 v F2 cng phng q0 t trn ng thng ni q1 v q2. - F1 v F2 ngc chiu q0 t trn on thng ni q1 v q2. - F1 v F2 c ln bng nhau: F1 = F2

+ q1

q0 x

q+ 2 (a x)

Gi khong cch gia q0 v q1 l x Kcch gia q0 v q2 l (a x), ta c: F1 = k T :

q2 q1 = 2 (a x) 2 x

q1 q 0 x
2

, F2 = k

q2 q0 (a x) 2

Thay s ta c: x = 2,5cm b. Kt qu tm c trn y khng ph thuc vo du v ln ca in tch q 0. V vy, du v ln ca q0 l ty . II.Cu hi v bi tp 1. in tch, inh lut Culng Cu 1: khi tng ng thi khong cch v ln ca mi in tch im ln gp i th lc tng tc gia chng: A. Tng ln gp i: B.gim i mt na: C.gim i bn ln: C. khng thay i. Chn p n ng. Cu 2: nu tng khong cch gia hai in tch im ln 3ln th lc tng tc tnh in gia chng s. A. tng ln 3 ln. B. gim i 3 ln. C. tng ln 9 ln. D. gim i 9 ln. Chn p n ng. Cu 3: nu tng khong cch gia hai in tch ln 2 ln v ln ca cc in tch ln 2 ln th lc tng tc tnh in gia chng s l. A. Tng ln 2 ln. C. Gim i 2 ln. B. Tng ln 4 ln. D. Khng i. -8 Cu 4: Ba in tch im q1= +2.10 c nm ti im A ; q2=+ 4.10- 8c nm ti im B v q3 nm ti im C. H thng nm cn bng trong khng kh. Khong cch AB = 1cm. a. xc nh in tch q3 v khong cch BC. b. Xc nh cng in trng ti cc im A,B v C. Cu 5. Hai qu cu nh c in tch 10-7C v 4.10-7C tc dngvi nhau 1 lc 0,1N trong chn khng. Khong cch gia chng l: A. 6 (mm). B.36.10-4 (m). C. 6 (cm). D.6 (dm) Cu 6. Hai in tch im bng nhau, t trong chn khng, cch nhau 1 khong r = 2cm. Lc y gia chng l F=1,6.10-4(N) th ln gia cc in tch l: A. |q1| = |q2| 2,7.10-4(C). B.|q1| = |q2| 2,7.10-9(C) C. |q1| = |q2| 2,7.10-8(C). D.Mt kt qu khc. Cu 7: Khi tng ng thi khong cch v ln ca mi in tch im ln gp i th lc tng tc gia chng: A. Tng ln gp i: B.gim i mt na: C.gim i bn ln: C. khng thay i. Chn p n ng. Cu 8: Hai in tch im bng nhau t trong chn khng cch nhau mt khong r 1= 2cm. Lc y gia chng l F1= 1,6.10-4N . ln ca cc in tch l. Chn p n ng. A. 7,11.10-18C B. 7,11.10-9C C. 8/3.10-9C D. 2,67.10-8C Cu 9: Hai in tch q1 v q2 cch nhau 20cm trong chn khng. Lc dy gia chng l 1,8N. Tnh q1,q2 bit q1+q2= 6.10-6c. A. q1=4.10-6c;q2=-4.10-6c. B. q1=4.10-6c; q2= 6.10-6c. C. q1=4.10-6c;q2=2.10-6c. D. q1=-4.10-6c;q2=2.10-6c.

1. nh lut Cu lng. 1.2 C bn vt A, B, C, D kch thc nh, nhim in. Bit rng vt A ht vt B nhng li y C. Vt C ht vt D. Khng nh no sau y l khng ng? A. in tch ca vt A v D tri du B. in tch ca vt A v D cng du. C. in tch ca vt B v D cng du D. in tch ca vt A v C cng du 1.3 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Khi nhim in do tip xc, electron lun dch chuyn t vt nhim in sang vt khng nhim in B. Khi nhim in do tip xc, electron lun dch chuyn t vt khng nhim in sang vt nhim in C. Khi nhim in do hng ng, electron ch dch chuyn t u ny sang u kia ca vt b nhim in. D. Sau khi nhim in do hng ng, s phn b in tch trn vt b nhim in vn khng thay i 1. 4 ln ca lc tng tc gia hai in tch im trong khng kh A. t l vi bnh phng khong cch gia hai in tch B. t l vi khong cch gia hai in tch C. t l nghch vi bnh phng khong cch gia hai in tch. D. t l nghch vi khong cch gia hai in tch 1.6 Khong cch gia mt prton v mt lectron l r = 5.10-9 (cm), coi rng prton v lectron l cc in tch im. Lc tng tc gia chng l: A. lc ht vi F = 9,216.10-12 (N) B. lc y vi F = 9,216.10-12 (N) -8 C. lc ht vi F = 9,216.10 (N). D. lc y vi F = 9,216.10-8 (N) 1.7 Hai in tch im bng nhau t trong chn khng cch nhau mt khong r = 2 (cm). Lc y gia chng l F = 1,6.10-4 (N). ln ca hai in tch l: A. q1 = q2 = 2,67.10-9 (C) B. q1 = q2 = 2,67.10-7 (C) -9 C. q1 = q2 = 2,67.10 (C). D. q1 = q2 = 2,67.10-7 (C) 1.8 Hai in tch im bng nhau t trong chn khng cch nhau mt khong r 1 = 2 (cm). Lc y gia chng l F1 = 1,6.10-4 (N). lc tng tc gia hai in tch bng F2 = 2,5.10-4 (N) th khong cch gia chng l: A. r2 = 1,6 (m) B. r2 = 1,6 (cm). C. r2 = 1,28 (m) D. r2 = 1,28 (cm) 1.9 Hai in tch im q1 = +3 (C) v q2 = -3 (C),t trong du ( = 2) cch nhau mt khong r = 3 (cm). Lc tng tc gia hai in tch l: A. lc ht vi ln F = 45 (N). B. lc y vi ln F = 45 (N) C. lc ht vi ln F = 90 (N) D. lc y vi ln F = 90 (N) 1.10 Hai in tch im bng nhau c t trong nc ( = 81) cch nhau 3 (cm). Lc y gia chng bng 0,2.10-5 (N). Hai in tch A. tri du, ln l 4,472.10-2 (C) B. cng du, ln l 4,472.10-10 (C) C. tri du, ln l 4,025.10-9 (C) D. cng du, ln l 4,025.10-3 (C). 1.11 Hai qu cu nh c in tch 10-7 (C) v 4.10-7 (C), tng tc vi nhau mt lc 0,1 (N) trong chn khng. Khong cch gia chng l: A. r = 0,6 (cm) B. r = 0,6 (m) C. r = 6 (m) D. r = 6 (cm). 1.12* C hai in tch q1 = + 2.10-6 (C), q2 = - 2.10-6 (C), t ti hai im A, B trong chn khng v cch nhau mt khong 6 (cm). Mt in tch q3 = + 2.10-6 (C), t trn ng trung trc ca AB, cch AB mt khong 4 (cm). ln ca lc in do hai in tch q1 v q2 tc dng ln in tch q3 l: A. F = 14,40 (N) B. F = 17,28 (N). C. F = 20,36 (N) D. F = 28,80 (N) 1.13 Cho hai in tch dng q1 = 2 (nC) v q2 = 0,018 (C) t c nh v cch nhau 10 (cm). t thm in tch th ba q0 ti mt im trn ng ni hai in tch q1, q2 sao cho q0 nm cn bng. V tr ca q0 l A. cch q1 2,5 (cm) v cch q2 7,5 (cm). B. cch q1 7,5 (cm) v cch q2 2,5 (cm) C. cch q1 2,5 (cm) v cch q2 12,5 (cm) D. cch q1 12,5 (cm) v cch q2 2,5 (cm)

1.14 Hai in tch im q1 = 2.10-2 (C) v q2 = - 2.10-2 (C) t ti hai im A v B cch nhau mt on a = 30 (cm) trong khng kh. Lc in tc dng ln in tch q 0 = 2.10-9 (C) t ti im M cch u A v B mt khong bng a c ln l: A. F = 4.10-10 (N) B. F = 3,464.10-6 (N) C. F = 4.10-6 (N). D. F = 6,928.10-6 (N) 2. Thuyt Electron. nh lut bo ton in tch 1.15 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Ht lectron l ht c mang in tch m, c ln 1,6.10-19 (C) B. Ht lectron l ht c khi lng m = 9,1.10-31 (kg) C. Nguyn t c th mt hoc nhn thm lectron tr thnh ion D. lectron khng th chuyn ng t vt ny sang vt khc. 1.16 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Theo thuyt lectron, mt vt nhim in dng l vt thiu lectron B. Theo thuyt lectron, mt vt nhim in m l vt tha lectron C. Theo thuyt lectron, mt vt nhim in dng l vt nhn thm cc ion dng. D. Theo thuyt lectron, mt vt nhim in m l vt nhn thm lectron 1.17 Pht bit no sau y l khng ng? A. Vt dn in l vt c cha nhiu in tch t do B. Vt cch in l vt c cha rt t in tch t do C. Vt dn in l vt c cha rt t in tch t do. D. Cht in mi l cht c cha rt t in tch t do 1.18 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Trong qu trnh nhim in do c st, lectron chuyn t vt ny sang vt kia B. Trong qu trnh nhim in do hng ng, vt b nhim in vn trung ho in C. Khi cho mt vt nhim in dng tip xc vi mt vt cha nhim in, th lectron chuyn t vt cha nhim in sang vt nhim in dng D. Khi cho mt vt nhim in dng tip xc vi mt vt cha nhim in, th in tch dng chuyn t vt vt nhim in dng sang cha nhim in. 1.19 Khi a mt qu cu kim loi khng nhim in li gn mt qu cu khc nhim in th A. hai qu cu y nhau B. hai qu cu ht nhau. C. khng ht m cng khng y nhau D. hai qu cu trao i in tch cho nhau 1.20 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Trong vt dn in c rt nhiu in tch t do B. Trong in mi c rt t in tch t do C. Xt v ton b th mt vt nhim in do hng ng vn l mt vt trung ho in D. Xt v ton b th mt vt nhim in do tip xc vn l mt vt trung ho in. 3. in trng 1.21 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. in trng tnh l do cc ht mang in ng yn sinh ra B. Tnh cht c bn ca in trng l n tc dng lc in ln in tch t trong n C. Vct cng in trng ti mt im lun cng phng, cng chiu vi vect lc in tc dng ln mt in tch t ti im trong in trng. D. Vct cng in trng ti mt im lun cng phng, cng chiu vi vect lc in tc dng ln mt in tch dng t ti im trong in trng 1.22 t mt in tch dng, khi lng nh vo mt in trng u ri th nh. in tch s chuyn ng: A. dc theo chiu ca ng sc in trng. B. ngc chiu ng sc in trng C. vung gc vi ng sc in trng D. theo mt qu o bt k 1.23 t mt in tch m, khi lng nh vo mt in trng u ri th nh. in tch s chuyn ng: A. dc theo chiu ca ng sc in trng B. ngc chiu ng sc in trng.

C. vung gc vi ng sc in trng D. theo mt qu o bt k 1.24 Pht biu no sau y v tnh cht ca cc ng sc in l khng ng? A. Ti mt im trong in tng ta c th v c mt ng sc i qua B. Cc ng sc l cc ng cong khng kn C. Cc ng sc khng bao gi ct nhau D. Cc ng sc in lun xut pht t in tch dng v kt thc in tch m. 1.25 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. in ph cho ta bit s phn b cc ng sc trong in trng B. Tt c cc ng sc u xut pht t in tch dng v kt thc in tch m. C. Cng c khi ng sc in khng xut pht t in tch dng m xut pht t v cng D. Cc ng sc ca in trng u l cc ng thng song song v cch u nhau 1.26 Cng thc xc nh cng in trng gy ra bi in tch Q < 0, ti mt im trong chn khng, cch in tch Q mt khong r l:
9 A. E = 9.10

Q r2

9 B. E = 9.10

Q . r2

9 C. E = 9.10

Q r

9 D. E = 9.10

Q r

1.27 Mt in tch t ti im c cng in trng 0,16 (V/m). Lc tc dng ln in tch bng 2.10-4 (N). ln in tch l: A. q = 8.10-6 (C) B. q = 12,5.10-6 (C) C. q = 1,25.10-3 (C). D. q = 12,5 (C) 1.28 Cng in trng gy ra bi in tch Q = 5.10 -9 (C), ti mt im trong chn khng cch in tch mt khong 10 (cm) c ln l: A. E = 0,450 (V/m) B. E = 0,225 (V/m) C. E = 4500 (V/m). D. E = 2250 (V/m) 1.29 Ba in tch q ging ht nhau c t c nh ti ba nh ca mt tam gic u c cnh a. ln cng in trng ti tm ca tam gic l:
9 A. E = 9.10

Q a2

9 B. E = 3.9.10

Q a2

9 C. E = 9.9.10

Q a2

D. E = 0.

1.30 Hai in tch q1 = 5.10-9 (C), q2 = - 5.10-9 (C) t ti hai im cch nhau 10 (cm) trong chn khng. ln cng in trng ti im nm trn ng thng i qua hai in tch v cch u hai in tch l: A. E = 18000 (V/m) B. E = 36000 (V/m). C. E = 1,800 (V/m) D. E = 0 (V/m) -16 1.31 Hai in tch q1 = q2 = 5.10 (C), t ti hai nh B v C ca mt tam gic u ABC cnh bng 8 (cm) trong khng kh. Cng in trng ti nh A ca tam gic ABC c ln l: A. E = 1,2178.10-3 (V/m). B. E = 0,6089.10-3 (V/m) C. E = 0,3515.10-3 (V/m) D. E = 0,7031.10-3 (V/m) -9 -9 1.32 Hai in tch q1 = 5.10 (C), q2 = - 5.10 (C) t ti hai im cch nhau 10 (cm) trong chn khng. ln cng in trng ti im nm trn ng thng i qua hai in tch v cch q 1 5 (cm), cch q2 15 (cm) l: A. E = 16000 (V/m). B. E = 20000 (V/m) C. E = 1,600 (V/m) D. E = 2,000 (V/m) -16 -16 1.33 Hai in tch q1 = 5.10 (C), q2 = - 5.10 (C), t ti hai nh B v C ca mt tam gic u ABC cnh bng 8 (cm) trong khng kh. Cng in trng ti nh A ca tam gic ABC c ln l: A. E = 1,2178.10-3 (V/m) B. E = 0,6089.10-3 (V/m) -3 C. E = 0,3515.10 (V/m) D. E = 0,7031.10-3 (V/m). 1.34 Hai in tch im q1 = 0,5 (nC) v q2 = - 0,5 (nC) t ti hai im A, B cch nhau 6 (cm) trong khng kh. Cng in trng ti trung im ca AB c ln l: A. E = 0 (V/m) B. E = 5000 (V/m) C. E = 10000 (V/m). D. E = 20000 (V/m) 1.35 Hai in tch im q1 = 0,5 (nC) v q2 = - 0,5 (nC) t ti hai im A, B cch nhau 6 (cm) trong khng kh. Cng in trng ti im M nm trn trung trc ca AB, cch trung im ca AB mt khong l = 4 (cm) c ln l: A. E = 0 (V/m) B. E = 1080 (V/m) C. E = 1800 (V/m) D. E = 2160 (V/m).

1.36 Cho hai bn kim loi phng t song song tch in tri du, mt lectron bay vo in trng gi hai bn kim loi ni trn, vi vn tc ban u v 0 vung gc vi cc ng sc in. B qua tc dng ca trong trng. Qu o ca lectron l: A. ng thng song song vi cc ng sc in B. ng thng vung gc vi cc ng sc in C. mt phn ca ng hypebol D. mt phn ca ng parabol. 1.37 Cho hai bn kim loi phng t song song tch in tri du, th mt lectron khng vn tc ban u vo in trng gi hai bn kim loi trn. B qua tc dng ca trng trng. Qu o ca lectron l: A. ng thng song song vi cc ng sc in. B. ng thng vung gc vi cc ng sc in C. mt phn ca ng hypebol D. mt phn ca ng parabol 1.38 Mt in tch q = 10-7 (C) t ti im M trong in trng ca mt in tch im Q, chu tc dng ca lc F = 3.10-3 (N). Cng in trng do in tch im Q gy ra ti im M c ln l: A. EM = 3.105 (V/m) B. EM = 3.104 (V/m). C. EM = 3.103 (V/m) D. EM = 3.102 (V/m) 1.39 Mt in tch im dng Q trong chn khng gy ra ti im M cch in tch mt khong r = 30 (cm), mt in trng c cng E = 30000 (V/m). ln in tch Q l: A. Q = 3.10-5 (C) B. Q = 3.10-6 (C) C. Q = 3.10-7 (C). D. Q = 3.10-8 (C) 1.40 Hai in tch im q1 = 2.10-2 (C) v q2 = - 2.10-2 (C) t ti hai im A v B cch nhau mt on a = 30 (cm) trong khng kh. Cng in trng ti im M cch u A v B mt khong bng a c ln l: A. EM = 0,2 (V/m) B. EM = 1732 (V/m) C. EM = 3464 (V/m) D. EM = 2000 (V/m). 4. Cng ca lc in. Hiu in th 1.41 Cng thc xc nh cng ca lc in trng lm dch chuyn in tch q trong in trng u E l A = qEd, trong d l: A. khong cch gia im u v im cui B. khong cch gia hnh chiu im u v hnh chiu im cui ln mt ng sc C. di i s ca on t hnh chiu im u n hnh chiu im cui ln mt ng sc, tnh theo chiu ng sc in. D. di i s ca on t hnh chiu im u n hnh chiu im cui ln mt ng sc 1.42 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Cng ca lc in tc dng ln mt in tch khng ph thuc vo dng ng i ca in tch m ch ph thuc vo v tr im u v im cui ca on ng i trong in trng B. Hiu in th gia hai im trong in trng l i lng c trng cho kh nng sinh cng ca in trng lm dch chuyn in tch gia hai im C. Hiu in th gia hai im trong in trng l i lng c trng cho in trng tc dng lc mnh hay yu khi t in tch th ti hai im . D. in trng tnh l mt trng th 1.43 Mi lin h gia hiu in th UMN v hiu in th UNM l: A. UMN = UNM B. UMN = - UNM. C. UMN =
1 U NM

D. UMN =

1 U NM

1.44 Hai im M v N nm trn cng mt ng sc ca mt in trng u c cng E, hiu in th gia M v N l UMN, khong cch MN = d. Cng thc no sau y l khng ng? A. UMN = VM VN B. UMN = E.d C. AMN = q.UMN D. E = UMN.d. 1.45 Mt in tch q chuyn ng trong in trng khng u theo mt ng cong kn. Gi cng ca lc in trong chuyn ng l A th A. A > 0 nu q > 0 B. A > 0 nu q < 0 C. A = 0 trong mi trng hp. D. A 0 cn du ca A cha xc nh v cha bit chiu chuyn ng ca q 1.46 Hai tm kim loi song song, cch nhau 2 (cm) v c nhim in tri du nhau. Mun lm cho in tch q = 5.10-10 (C) di chuyn t tm ny n tm kia cn tn mt cng A = 2.10 -9 (J). Coi in trng bn

trong khong gia hai tm kim loi l in trng u v c cc ng sc in vung gc vi cc tm. Cng in trng bn trong tm kim loi l: A. E = 2 (V/m) B. E = 40 (V/m) C. E = 200 (V/m). D. E = 400 (V/m) 1.47 Mt lectron chuyn ng dc theo ng sc ca mt in trng u. Cng in trng E = 100 (V/m). Vn tc ban u ca lectron bng 300 (km/s). Khi lng ca lectron l m = 9,1.10-31 (kg). T lc bt u chuyn ng n lc vn tc ca lectron bng khng th lectron chuyn ng c qung ng l: A. S = 5,12 (mm) B. S = 2,56 (mm). C. S = 5,12.10-3 (mm) D. S = 2,56.10-3 (mm) 1.48 Hiu in th gia hai im M v N l UMN = 1 (V). Cng ca in trng lm dch chuyn in tch q = - 1 (C) t M n N l: A. A = - 1 (J). B. A = + 1 (J). C. A = - 1 (KJ) D. A = + 1 (KJ) -15 -18 1.49 Mt qu cu nh khi lng 3,06.10 (kg), mang in tch 4,8.10 (C), nm l lng gia hai tm kim loi song song nm ngang nhim in tri du, cch nhau mt khong 2 (cm). Ly g = 10 (m/s2). Hiu in th t vo hai tm kim loi l: A. U = 255,0 (V) B. U = 127,5 (V). C. U = 63,75 (V) D. U = 734,4 (V) 1.50 Cng ca lc in trng lm di chuyn mt in tch gia hai im c hiu in th U = 2000 (V) l A = 1 (J). ln ca in tch l: A. q = 2.10-4 (C) B. q = 2.10-5 (C) C. q = 5.10-4 (C). D. q = 5.10-5 (C) 1.51 Mt in tch q = 1 (C) di chuyn t im A n im B trong in trng, n thu c mt nng lng W = 0,2 (mJ). Hiu in th gia hai im A, B l: A. U = 0,20 (V) B. U = 0,20 (mV) C. U = 200 (kV) D. U = 200 (V). 5. Vt dn v in mi trong in trng 1.52 Pht biu no sau y i vi vt dn cn bng in l khng ng? A. Cng in trng trong vt dn bng khng B. Vect cng in trng b mt vt dn lun vung gc vi b mt vt dn C. in tch ca vt dn ch phn b trn b mt vt dn D. in tch ca vt dn lun phn b u trn b mt vt dn. 1.53 Gi s ngi ta lm cho mt s lectron t do t mt ming st vn trung ho in di chuyn sang vt khc. Khi : A. b mt ming st vn trung ho in B. b mt ming st nhim in dng. C. b mt ming st nhim in m D. trong lng ming st nhim in dng 1.54 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Khi a mt vt nhim in dng li gn mt qu cu bc (in mi) th qu cu bc b ht v pha vt nhim in dng B. Khi a mt vt nhim in m li gn mt qu cu bc (in mi) th qu cu bc b ht v pha vt nhim in m C. Khi a mt vt nhim in m li gn mt qu cu bc (in mi) th qu cu bc b y ra xa vt nhim in m. D. Khi a mt vt nhim in li gn mt qu cu bc (in mi) th qu cu bc b ht v pha vt nhim in 1.55 Mt qu cu nhm rng c nhim in th in tch ca qu cu A. ch phn b mt trong ca qu cu B. ch phn b mt ngoi ca qu cu. C. phn b c mt trong v mt ngoi ca qu cu D. phn b mt trong nu qu cu nhim in dng, mt ngoi nu qu cu nhim in m 1.56 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Mt vt dn nhim in dng th in tch lun lun c phn b u trn b mt vt dn

B. Mt qu cu bng ng nhim in m th vect cng in trng ti im bt k bn trong qu cu c hng v tm qu cu C. Vect cng in trng ti mt im bn ngoi vt nhim in lun c phng vung gc vi mt vt D. in tch mt ngoi ca mt qu cu kim loi nhim in c phn b nh nhau mi im. 1.57 Hai qu cu bng kim loi c bn knh nh nhau, mang in tch cng du. Mt qu cu c, mt qu cu rng. Ta cho hai qu cu tip xc vi nhau th A. in tch ca hai qu cu bng nhau. B. in tch ca qu cu c ln hn in tch ca qu cu rng C. in tch ca qu cu rng ln hn in tch ca qu cu c D. hai qu cu u tr thnh trung ho in 1.58 a mt ci a nhim in li gn nhng mu giy nh, ta thy mu giy b ht v pha a. Sau khi chm vo a th: A. mu giy cng b ht cht vo a B. mu giy b nhim in tch tri du vi a C. mu giy b tr ln trung ho in nn b a y ra D. mu giy li b y ra khi a do nhim in cng du vi a. 6. T in 1.59 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. T in l mt h hai vt dn t gn nhau nhng khng tip xc vi nhau. Mi vt gi l mt bn t B. T in phng l t in c hai bn t l hai tm kim loi c kch thc ln t i din vi nhau C. in dung ca t in l i lng c trng cho kh nng tch in ca t in v c o bng thng s gia in tch ca t v hiu in th gia hai bn t D. Hiu in th gii hn l hiu in th ln nht t vo hai bn t in m lp in mi ca t in b nh thng. 1.60 in dung ca t in khng ph thuc vo: A. Hnh dng, kch thc ca hai bn t B. Khong cch gia hai bn t C. Bn cht ca hai bn t. D. Cht in mi gia hai bn t 1.61 Mt t in phng gm hai bn t c din tch phn i din l S, khong cch gia hai bn t l d, lp in mi c hng s in mi , in dung c tnh theo cng thc: A. C =
S 9.109.2d

B. C =

S . 9.109.4d

C. C =

1.62 Mt t in phng, gi nguyn din tch i din gia hai bn t, tng khong cch gia hai bn t ln hai ln th A. in dung ca t in khng thay i B. in dung ca t in tng ln hai ln C. in dung ca t in gim i hai ln. D. in dung ca t in tng ln bn ln 1.65 Mt t in c in dung 500 (pF) c mc vo hiu in th 100 (V). in tch ca t in l: A. q = 5.104 ( C) B. q = 5.104 (nC) C. q = 5.10-2 ( C). D. q = 5.10-4 (C) 1.66 Mt t in phng gm hai bn c dng hnh trn bn knh 3 (cm), t cch nhau 2 (cm) trong khng kh. in dung ca t in l: A. C = 1,25 (pF). B. C = 1,25 (nF) C. C = 1,25 ( F) D. C = 1,25 (F) 1.67 Mt t in phng gm hai bn c dng hnh trn bn knh 5 (cm), t cch nhau 2 (cm) trong khng kh. in trng nh thng i vi khng kh l 3.105(V/m). Hu in th ln nht c th t vo hai bn cc ca t in l: A. Umax = 3000 (V) B. Umax = 6000 (V). C. Umax = 15.103 (V) D. Umax = 6.105 (V) 1.68 Mt t in phng c mc vo hai cc ca mt ngun in c hiu in th 50 (V). Ngt t in ra khi ngun ri ko cho khong cch gia hai bn t tng gp hai ln th A. in dung ca t in khng thay i B. in dung ca t in tng ln hai ln

9.109.S .4d

D. C =

9.109 S 4d

C. in dung ca t in gim i hai ln. D. in dung ca t in tng ln bn ln 1.69 Mt t in phng c mc vo hai cc ca mt ngun in c hiu in th 50 (V). Ngt t in ra khi ngun ri ko cho khong cch gia hai bn t tng gp hai ln th A. in tch ca t in khng thay i. B. in tch ca t in tng ln hai ln C. in tch ca t in gim i hai ln D. in tch ca t in tng ln bn ln 1.70 Mt t in phng c mc vo hai cc ca mt ngun in c hiu in th 50 (V). Ngt t in ra khi ngun ri ko cho khong cch gia hai bn t tng gp hai ln th hiu in th gia hai bn t c gi tr l: A. U = 50 (V) B. U = 100 (V). C. U = 150 (V) D. U = 200 (V) 1.79 Hai bn ca mt t in phng l hnh trn, t in c tch in sao cho in trng trong t in bng E = 3.105 (V/m). Khi in tch ca t in l Q = 100 (nC). Lp in mi bn trong t in l khng kh. Bn knh ca cc bn t l: A. R = 11 (cm). B. R = 22 (cm) C. R = 11 (m) D. R = 22 (m) 1.80 C hai t in: t in 1 c in dung C1 = 3 (F) tch in n hiu in th U1 = 300 (V), t in 2 c in dung C2 = 2 (F) tch in n hiu in th U2 = 200 (V). Ni hai bn mang in tch cng tn ca hai t in vi nhau. Hiu in th gia cc bn t in l: A. U = 200 (V) B. U = 260 (V). C. U = 300 (V) D. U = 500 (V) 1.81 C hai t in: t in 1 c in dung C1 = 3 (F) tch in n hiu in th U1 = 300 (V), t in 2 c in dung C2 = 2 (F) tch in n hiu in th U2 = 200 (V). Ni hai bn mang in tch cng tn ca hai t in vi nhau. Nhit lng to ra sau khi ni l: A. 175 (mJ) B. 169.10-3 (J) C. 6 (mJ). D. 6 (J) 1.82 Mt b t in gm 10 t in ging nhau (C = 8 F) ghp ni tip vi nhau. B t in c ni vi hiu in th khng i U = 150 (V). bin thin nng lng ca b t in sau khi c mt t in b nh thng l: A. W = 9 (mJ) B. W = 10 (mJ) C. W = 19 (mJ) D. W = 1 (mJ). 1.83 Mt t in phng c in dung C, c mc vo mt ngun in, sau ngt khi ngun in. Ngi ta nhng hon ton t in vo cht in mi c hng s in mi . Khi in tch ca t in A. Khng thay i. B. Tng ln ln C. Gim i ln D. Thay i ln 1.84 Mt t in phng c in dung C, c mc vo mt ngun in, sau ngt khi ngun in. Ngi ta nhng hon ton t in vo cht in mi c hng s in mi . Khi in dung ca t in A. Khng thay i B. Tng ln ln. C. Gim i ln D. Tng ln hoc gim i tu thuc vo lp in mi 1.85 Mt t in phng c in dung C, c mc vo mt ngun in, sau ngt khi ngun in. Ngi ta nhng hon ton t in vo cht in mi c hng s in mi . Khi hiu in th gia hai bn t in A. Khng thay i B. Tng ln ln C. Gim i ln. D. Tng ln hoc gim i tu thuc vo lp in mi 7. Nng lng in trng 1.86 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Sau khi np in, t in c nng lng, nng lng tn ti di dng ho nng B. Sau khi np in, t in c nng lng, nng lng tn ti di dng c nng C. Sau khi np in, t in c nng lng, nng lng tn ti di dng nhit nng D. Sau khi np in, t in c nng lng, nng lng l nng lng ca in trng trong t in. 1.87 Mt t in c in dung C, c np in n hiu in th U, in tch ca t l Q. Cng thc no sau y khng phi l cng thc xc nh nng lng ca t in? A. W =
1 Q2 2 C

B. W =

1 U2 . 2 C

C. W =

1 CU 2 2

D. W =

1 QU 2

10

1.88 Mt t in c in dung C, c np in n hiu in th U, in tch ca t l Q. Cng thc xc nh mt nng lng in trng trong t in l: A. w =
1 Q2 2 C

B. w =

1 CU 2 2

C. w =

1 QU 2

D. w =

1.89 Mt t in c in dung C = 6 (F) c mc vo ngun in 100 (V). Sau khi ngt t in khi ngun, do c qu trnh phng in qua lp in mi nn t in mt dn in tch. Nhit lng to ra trong lp in mi k t khi bt u ngt t in khi ngun in n khi t phng ht in l: A. 0,3 (mJ) B. 30 (kJ) C. 30 (mJ). D. 3.104 (J) 1.90 Mt t in c in dung C = 5 (F) c tch in, in tch ca t in bng 10 -3 (C). Ni t in vo b acquy sut in ng 80 (V), bn in tch dng ni vi cc dng, bn in tch m ni vi cc m ca b acquy. Sau khi cn bng in th A. nng lng ca b acquy tng ln mt lng 84 (mJ). B. nng lng ca b acquy gim i mt lng 84 (mJ) C. nng lng ca b acquy tng ln mt lng 84 (kJ) D. nng lng ca b acquy gim i mt lng 84 (kJ) 1.91 Mt t in khng kh phng mc vo ngun in c hiu in th U = 200 (V). Hai bn t cch nhau 4 (mm). Mt nng lng in trng trong t in l: A. w = 1,105.10-8 (J/m3) B. w = 11,05 (mJ/m3). C. w = 8,842.10-8 (J/m3) D. w = 88,42 (mJ/m3)

E 2 . 9.10 9.8

Chng 2: Dng in khng i

I. H THNG KIN THC TRONG CHNG 1. Dng in - Dng in l dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc ht ti in, c chiu quy c l chiu chuyn ng ca cc ht in tch dng. Tc dng c trng ca dng in l tc dng t. Ngoi ra dng in cn c th c cc tc dng nhit, ho v mt s tc dng khc. - Cng dng in l i lng c trng nh lng cho tc dng ca dng in. i vi dng in khng i th I =
q t

2. Ngun in - Ngun in l thit b to ra v duy tr hiu in th nhm duy tr dng in. Sut in ng ca ngun in c xc nh bng thng s gia cng ca lc l lm dch chuyn i tch dng q bn trong ngun in v ln ca in tch q : E =
A q

- My thu in chuyn ho mt phn in nng tiu th thnh cc dng nng lng khc c ch, ngoi nhit. Khi ngun in ang np in, n l my thu in vi sut phn in c tr s bng sut in ng ca ngun in. 3. nh lut m
U AB hay UAB = VA VB = IR R E - nh lut m cho ton mch: E = I(R + r) hay I = R+r

- nh lut m vi mt in tr thun: I =

- nh lut m cho on mch cha ngun in: UAB = VA VB = E + Ir, hay I = (dng in chy t A n B, qua ngun t cc m sang cc dng) - nh lut m cho on mch cha my thu: UAB = VA VB = Ir + Ep, hay I =

E + U AB r

U AB - Ep r'

11

(dng in chy t A n B, qua my thu t cc dng sang cc m) 4. Mc ngun in thnh b - Mc ni tip: Eb = E1 + E2 + ...+ En v rb = r1 + r2 + ... + rn Trong trng hp mc xung i: Nu E1 > E2 th : Eb = E1 - E2 v rb = r1 + r2 v dng in i ra t cc dng ca E1. - Mc song song: (n ngun ging nhau): Eb = E v rb =
r n

4. in nng v cng sut in. nh lut Jun Lenx - Cng v cng sut ca dng in on mch (in nng v cng sut in on mch): A = UIt; P = UI - nh lut Jun Lenx: Q = RI2t - Cng v cng sut ca ngun in: A = EIt; P = EI - Cng sut ca dng c tiu th in: + Vi dng c to nhit: P = UI = RI2 =
U2 R

+ Vi my thu in: P = EI + rI2 (P /= EI l phn cng sut m my thu in chuyn ho thnh dng nng lng c ch, khng phi l nhit) - n v cng (in nng) v nhit lng l jun (J), n v ca cng sut l ot (W). II. CU HI V BI TP 1. Dng in khng i. Ngun in 2.1 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Dng in l dng cc in tch dch chuyn c hng B. Cng dng in l i lng c trng cho tc dng mnh, yu ca dng in v c o bng in lng chuyn qua tit din thng ca vt dn trong mt n v thi gian C. Chiu ca dng in c quy c l chiu chuyn dch ca cc in tch dng D. Chiu ca dng in c quy c l chiu chuyn dch ca cc in tch m. 2.2 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Dng in c tc dng t B. Dng in c tc dng nhit C. Dng in c tc dng ho hc. D. Dng in c tc dng sinh l 2.3 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Ngun in l thit b to ra v duy tr hiu in th nhm duy tr dng in trong mch. Trong ngun in di tc dng ca lc l cc in tch dng dch chuyn t cc dng sang cc m B. Sut in ng ca ngun in l i lng c trng cho kh nng sinh cng ca ngun in v c o bng thng s gia cng ca lc l thc hin khi lm dch chuyn mt in tch dng q bn trong ngun in t cc m n cc dng v ln ca in tch q . C. Sut in ng ca ngun in l i lng c trng cho kh nng sinh cng ca ngun in v c o bng thng s gia cng ca lc l thc hin khi lm dch chuyn mt in tch m q bn trong ngun in t cc m n cc dng v ln ca in tch q D. Sut in ng ca ngun in l i lng c trng cho kh nng sinh cng ca ngun in v c o bng thng s gia cng ca lc l thc hin khi lm dch chuyn mt in tch dng q bn trong ngun in t cc dng n cc m v ln ca in tch q 2.4 in tch ca lectron l - 1,6.10-19 (C), in lng chuyn qua tit din thng ca dy dn trong 30 (s) l 15 (C). S lectron chuyn qua tit din thng ca dy dn trong thi gian mt giy l A. 3,125.1018. B. 9,375.1019 C. 7,895.1019 D. 2,632.1018 I I I 2.5 thI m t nh lut m l:

o A

o B

o C

o D

12

2.6 Sut in ng ca ngun in c trng cho A. kh nng tch in cho hai cc ca n B. kh nng d tr in tch ca ngun in C. kh nng thc hin cng ca lc l bn trong ngun in. D. kh nng tc dng lc in ca ngun in 2.7 on mch gm in tr R1 = 100 ( ) mc ni tip vi in tr R2 = 300 ( ), in tr ton mch l: A. RTM = 200 ( ) B. RTM = 300 ( ) C. RTM = 400 ( ). D. RTM = 500 ( ) 2.8 Cho on mch gm in tr R1 = 100 (), mc ni tip vi in tr R2 = 200 (), hiu in th gia hai u on mch l 12 (V). Hiu in th gia hai u in tr R1 l A. U1 = 1 (V) B. U1 = 4 (V). C. U1 = 6 (V) D. U1 = 8 (V) ) mc song song vi in tr R2 = 300 ( ), in tr ton mch l: 2.9 on mch gm in tr R1 = 100 ( A. RTM = 75 ( ). B. RTM = 100 ( ) C. RTM = 150 ( ) D. RTM = 400 ( ) 2.10 Cho on mch gm in tr R1 = 100 ( ), mc ni tip vi in tr R2 = 200 ( ). t vo hai u on mch mt hiu in th U khi hiu in th gia hai u in tr R 1 l 6 (V). Hiu in th gia hai u on mch l: A. U = 12 (V) B. U = 6 (V) C. U = 18 (V). D. U = 24 (V) 2. Pin v cquy 2.11 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Trong ngun in ho hc (pin, cquy), c s chuyn ho t ni nng thnh in nng B. Trong ngun in ho hc (pin, cquy), c s chuyn ho t c nng thnh in nng C. Trong ngun in ho hc (pin, cquy), c s chuyn ho t ho nng thnh in nng. D. Trong ngun in ho hc (pin, cquy), c s chuyn ho t quang nng thnh in nng 2.12 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Ngun in ho hc c cu to gm hai in cc nhng vo dung dch in phn, trong mt in cc l vt dn in, in cc cn li l vt cch in B. Ngun in ho hc c cu to gm hai in cc nhng vo dung dch in phn, trong hai in cc u l vt cch in C. Ngun in ho hc c cu to gm hai in cc nhng vo dung dch in phn, trong hai in cc u l hai vt dn in cng cht D. Ngun in ho hc c cu to gm hai in cc nhng vo dung dch in phn, trong hai in cc u l hai vt dn in khc cht. 2.13 Trong ngun in lc l c tc dng A. lm dch chuyn cc in tch dng t cc dng ca ngun in sang cc m ca ngun in B. lm dch chuyn cc in tch dng t cc m ca ngun in sang cc dng ca ngun in. C. lm dch chuyn cc in tch dng theo chiu in trng trong ngun in D. lm dch chuyn cc in tch m ngc chiu in trng trong ngun in 2.14 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Khi pin phng in, trong pin c qu trnh bin i ha nng thnh in nng B. Khi acquy phng in, trong acquy c s bin i ho nng thnh in nng C. Khi np in cho acquy, trong acquy ch c s bin i in nng thnh ho nng. D. Khi np in cho acquy, trong acquy c s bin i in nng thnh ho nng v nhit nng 3. in nng v cng sut in. nh lut Jun - Lenx 2.15 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng?

13

A. Cng ca dng in chy qua mt on mch l cng ca lc in trng lm di chuyn cc in tch t do trong on mch v bng tch ca hiu in th gia hai u on mch vi cng dng in v thi gian dng in chy qua on mch B. Cng sut ca dng in chy qua on mch bng tch ca hiu in th gia hai u on mch v cng dng in chy qua on mch C. Nhit lng to ra trn mt vt dn t l thun vi in tr ca vt, vi cng dng in v vi thi gian dng in chy qua vt. D. Cng sut to nhit vt dn khi c dng in chy qua c trng cho tc to nhit ca vt dn v c xc nh bng nhit lng to ra vt n trong mt n v thi gian 2.16 Nhit lng to ra trn vt dn khi c dng in chy qua A. t l thun vi cng dng in chy qua vt dn B. t l thun vi bnh phng cng dng in chy qua vt dn. C. t l nghch vi cng dng in chy qua vt dn D. t l nghch vi bnh phng cng dng in chy qua vt dn 2.17 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Nhit lng to ra trn vt dn t l thun vi in tr ca vt B. Nhit lng to ra trn vt dn t l thun vi thi gian dng in chy qua vt C. Nhit lng to ra trn vt dn t l vi bnh phng cng dng in cy qua vt D. Nhit lng to ra trn vt dn t l nghch vi hiu in th gia hai u vt dn. 2.18 Sut phn in ca my thu c trng cho s A. chuyn ho in nng thnh nhit nng ca my thu B. chuyn ho nhit nng thnh in nng ca my thu C. chuyn ho c nng thnh in nng ca my thu D. chuyn ho in nng thnh dng nng lng khc, khng phi l nhit ca my thu. 2.19 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Sut phn in ca my thu in c xc nh bng in nng m dng c chuyn ho thnh dng nng lng khc, khng phi l nhit nng, khi c mt n v in tch dng chuyn qua my B. Sut in ng ca ngun in l i lng c trng cho kh nng sinh cng ca ngun in v c o bng thng s gia cng ca lc l thc hin khi lm dch chuyn mt in tch dng q bn trong ngun in t cc m n cc dng v ln ca in tch q C. Nhit lng to ra trn mt vt dn t l thun vi in tr ca vt, vi bnh phng cng dng in v vi thi gian dng in chy qua vt D. Sut phn in ca my thu in c xc nh bng in nng m dng c chuyn ho thnh dng nng lng khc, khng phi l c nng, khi c mt n v in tch dng chuyn qua my. 2.20 Dng mt dy dn mc bng n vo mng in. Dy tc bng n nng sng, dy dn hu nh khng sng ln v: A. Cng dng in chy qua dy tc bng n ln hn nhiu cng dng in chy qua dy dn B. Cng dng in chy qua dy tc bng n nh hn nhiu cng dng in chy qua dy dn C. in tr ca dy tc bng n ln hn nhiu so vi in tr ca dy dn. D. in tr ca dy tc bng n nh hn nhiu so vi in tr ca dy dn 2.21 Cng ca ngun in c xc nh theo cng thc: A. A = EIt. B. A = UIt C. A = EI D. A = UI 2.22 Cng ca dng in c n v l: A. J/s B. KWh. C. W D. kVA 2.23 Cng sut ca ngun in c xc nh theo cng thc: A. P = EIt B. P = UIt C. P = EI. D. P = UI 2.24 Hai bng n 1( 220V 25W), 2 (220V 100W) khi sng bnh thng th A. cng dng in qua bng n 1 ln gp hai ln cng dng in qua bng n 2

14

B. cng dng in qua bng n 2 ln gp bn ln cng dng in qua bng n 1. C. cng dng in qua bng n 1 bng cng dng in qua bng n 2 D. in tr ca bng n 2 ln gp bn ln in tr ca bng n 1 2.25 Hai bng n c cng sut nh mc bng nhau, hiu in th nh mc ca chng ln lt l U 1 = 110 (V) v U2 = 220 (V). T s in tr ca chng l: A.
R1 1 = R2 2

B.

R1 2 = R2 1

C.

R1 1 = . R2 4

D.

R1 4 = R2 1

2.26 bng n loi 120V 60W sng bnh thng mng in c hiu in th l 220V, ngi ta phi mc ni tip vi bng n mt in tr c gi tr: A. R = 100 ( ) B. R = 150 ( ) C. R = 200 ( ). D. R = 250 ( ) 4. nh lut m cho ton mch 2.27 i vi mch in kn gm ngun in vi mch ngoi l in tr th hiu in th mch ngoi A.t l thun vi cng dng in chy trong mch B. tng khi cng dng in trong mch tng C. gim khi cng dng in trong mch tng. D. t l nghch vi cng dng in chy trong mch 2.28 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Cng dng in trong on mch ch cha in tr R t l vi hiu in th U gia hai u on mch v t l nghch vi in tr R B. Cng dng in trong mch kn t l thun vi sut in ng ca ngun in v t l nghch vi in tr ton phn ca mch C. Cng sut ca dng in chy qua on mch bng tch ca hiu in th gia hai u on mch v cng dng in chy qua on mch D. Nhit lng to ra trn mt vt dn t l thun vi in tr ca vt, vi cng dng in v vi thi gian dng in chy qua vt. 2.29 Biu thc nh lut m cho ton mch trong trng hp mch ngoi cha my thu l: A. I =
U R

B. I =

E R+r

C. I =

E - EP . R + r + r'

D. I =

U AB + E R AB

2.30 Mt ngun in c in tr trong 0,1 () c mc vi in tr 4,8 () thnh mch kn. Khi hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun in l 12 (V). Cng dng in trong mch l A. I = 120 (A) B. I = 12 (A) C. I = 2,5 (A). D. I = 25 (A) 2.31 Mt ngun in c in tr trong 0,1 () c mc vi in tr 4,8 () thnh mch kn. Khi hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun in l 12 (V). Sut in ng ca ngun in l: A. E = 12,00 (V) B. E = 12,25 (V). C. E = 14,50 (V) D. E = 11,75 (V) 2.32 Ngi ta mc hai cc ca ngun in vi mt bin tr c th thay i t 0 n v cc. Khi gi tr ca bin tr rt ln th hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun in l 4,5 (V). Gim gi tr ca bin tr n khi cng dng in trong mch l 2 (A) th hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun in l 4 (V). Sut in ng v in tr trong ca ngun in l: A. E = 4,5 (V); r = 4,5 ( ) B. E = 4,5 (V); r = 2,5 ( ) C. E = 4,5 (V); r = 0,25 ( ). D. E = 9 (V); r = 4,5 ( ) 2.33 Mt ngun in c sut in ng E = 6 (V), in tr trong r = 2 ( ), mch ngoi c in tr R. cng sut tiu th mch ngoi l 4 (W) th in tr R phi c gi tr A. R = 1 ( ). B. R = 2 ( ) C. R = 3 ( ) D. R = 6 ( ) 2.34 Dng mt ngun in thp sng ln lt hai bng n c in tr R1 = 2 ( ) v R2 = 8 ( ), khi cng sut tiu th ca hai bng n l nh nhau. in tr trong ca ngun in l: A. r = 2 ( ) B. r = 3 ( ) C. r = 4 ( ) D. r = 6 ( )

2.35 Mt ngun in c sut in ng E = 6 (V), in tr trong r = 2 ( ), mch ngoi c in tr R. cng sut tiu th mch ngoi l 4 (W) th in tr R phi c gi tr A. R = 3 ( ) B. R = 4 ( ) C. R = 5 ( ) D. R = 6 ( ) 2.36 Mt ngun in c sut in ng E = 6 (V), in tr trong r = 2 (), mch ngoi c in tr R. cng sut tiu th mch ngoi t gi tr ln nht th in tr R phi c gi tr A. R = 1 ( ) B. R = 2 ( ). C. R = 3 ( ) D. R = 4 ( ) 2.37 Bit rng khi in tr mch ngoi ca mt ngun in tng t R 1 = 3 ( ) n R2 = 10,5 ( ) th hiu in th gia hai cc ca ngun tng gp hai ln. in tr trong ca ngun in l: A. r = 7,5 ( ) B. r = 6,75 ( ) C. r = 10,5 ( ) D. r = 7 ( ). 2.38 Cho mt mch in kn gm ngun in c sut in ng E = 12 (V), in tr trong r = 2,5 ( ), mch ngoi gm in tr R1 = 0,5 ( ) mc ni tip vi mt in tr R. cng sut tiu th mch ngoi ln nht th in tr R phi c gi tr: A. R = 1 ( ) B. R = 2 ( ). C. R = 3 ( ) D. R = 4 ( ) 2.39* Cho mt mch in kn gm ngun in c sut in ng E = 12 (V), in tr trong r = 2,5 ( ), mch ngoi gm in tr R1 = 0,5 ( ) mc ni tip vi mt in tr R. cng sut tiu th trn in tr R t gi tr ln nht th in tr R phi c gi tr: A. R = 1 ( ) B. R = 2 ( ) C. R = 3 ( ). D. R = 4 ( ). 5. nh lut m cho cc loi on mch in. Mc ngun thnh b 2.40 Mt mch in kn gm hai ngun in E1, r1 v E2, r2 mc ni tip vi nhau, mch ngoi ch c in tr R. Biu thc cng dng in trong mch l: A. I =
E E2 1 R + r1 + r2

15

B. I =

E E2 1 R + r1 r2

C. I =

E + E2 1 R + r1 r2

D. I =

E + E2 1 . R + r1 + r2

2.41 Mt mch in kn gm hai ngun in E, r1 v E, r2 mc song song vi nhau, mch ngoi ch c in tr R. Biu thc cng dng in trong mch l:
2 E E I= r .r r +r B. C. D. R+ 1 2 R+ 1 2 r1 + r2 r1.r2 2.42 Cho on mch nh hnh v (2.42) trong E1 = 9 (V), r1 = 1,2 ( ); E2 = 3 (V), r2 = 0,4 ( ); in tr R = 28,4 ( ). Hiu in th gia hai u on mch UAB = 6 (V). Cng dng in trong mch c

A. I =

2 E R + r1 + r2

I=

E r .r R+ 1 2 . r1 + r2

I=

chiu v ln l: A. chiu t A sang B, I = 0,4 (A). E1, r1 E2, r2 R B. chiu t B sang A, I = 0,4 (A) A B C. chiu t A sang B, I = 0,6 (A) D. chiu t B sang A, I = 0,6 (A) Hnh 2.42 2.43 Ngun in vi sut in ng E, in tr trong r, mc vi in tr ngoi R = r, cng dng in trong mch l I. Nu thay ngun in bng 3 ngun in ging ht n mc ni tip th cng dng in trong mch l: A. I = 3I B. I = 2I C. I = 2,5I D. I = 1,5I. 2.44 Ngun in vi sut in ng E, in tr trong r, mc vi in tr ngoi R = r, cng dng in trong mch l I. Nu thay ngung in bng 3 ngun in ging ht n mc song song th cng dng in trong mch l: A. I = 3I B. I = 2I C. I = 2,5I D. I = 1,5I. 2.45 Cho b ngun gm 6 acquy ging nhau c mc thnh hai dy song song vi nhau, mi dy gm 3 acquy mc ni tip vi nhau. Mi acquy c sut in ng E = 2 (V) v in tr trong r = 1 ( ). Sut in ng v in tr trong ca b ngun ln lt l: A. Eb = 12 (V); rb = 6 ( ) B. Eb = 6 (V); rb = 1,5 ( ). C. Eb = 6 (V); rb = 3 ( ) D. Eb = 12 (V); rb = 3 ( )

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2.46* Cho mch in nh hnh v (2.46). Mi pin c sut in ng E = 1,5 (V), in tr trong r = 1 ( ). in tr mch ngoi R = 3,5 ( ). Cng dng in mch ngoi l: A. I = 0,9 (A) B. I = 1,0 (A). C. I = 1,2 (A) R D. I = 1,4 (A)
Hnh 2.46 6. Cng sut in 2.47 Cho mt on mch gm hai in tr R1 v R2 mc song song v mc vo mt hiu in th khng i. Nu gim tr s ca in tr R2 th: A. st th trn R2 gim B. dng in qua R1 khng thay i. C. dng in qua R1 tng ln D. cng sut tiu th trn R2 gim 2.48 Cho mt mch in kn gm ngun in c sut in ng E = 12 (V), in tr trong r = 2 ( ), mch ngoi gm in tr R1 = 6 ( ) mc song song vi mt in tr R. cng sut tiu th mch ngoi ln nht th in tr R phi c gi tr: A. R = 1 ( ) B. R = 2 ( ) C. R = 3 ( ). D. R = 4 ( ) 2.49 Khi hai in tr ging nhau mc ni tip vo mt hiu in th U khng i th cng sut tiu th ca chng l 20 (W). Nu mc chng song song ri mc vo hiu in th ni trn th cng sut tiu th ca chng l: A. 5 (W) B. 10 (W) C. 40 (W) D. 80 (W). 2.50 Khi hai in tr ging nhau mc song vo mt hiu in th U khng i th cng sut tiu th ca chng l 20 (W). Nu mc chng ni tip ri mc vo hiu in th ni trn th cng sut tiu th ca chng l: A. 5 (W). B. 10 (W) C. 40 (W) D. 80 (W) 2.51 Mt m in c hai dy dn R1 v R2 un nc. Nu dng dy R1 th nc trong m s si sau thi gian t1 = 10 (pht). Cn nu dng dy R 2 th nc s si sau thi gian t2 = 40 (pht). Nu dng c hai dy mc song song th nc s si sau thi gian l: A. t = 4 (pht) B. t = 8 (pht). C. t = 25 (pht) D. t = 30 (pht)

Chng 3 : Dng in trong cc mi trng

I. H THNG KIN THC TRONG CHNG 1. Dng in trong kim loi - Cc tnh cht in ca kim loi c th gii thch c da trn s c mt ca cc electron t do trong kim loi. Dng in trong kim loi l dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc lectron t do. - Trong chuyn ng, cc lectron t do lun lun va chm vi cc ion dao ng quanh v tr cn bng cc nt mng v truyn mt phn ng nng cho chng. S va chm ny l nguyn nhn gy ra in tr ca dy dnx kim loi v tc dng nhit. in tr sut ca kim loi tng theo nhit . - Hin tng khi nhit h xung di nhit Tc no , in tr ca kim loi (hay hp kim) gim t ngt n gi tr bng khng, l hin tng siu dn. 2. Dng in trong cht in phn - Dng in trong cht in phn l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc ion dng v catt v ion m v ant. Cc ion trong cht in phn xut hin l do s phn li ca cc phn t cht tan trong mi trng dung mi. Khi n cc in cc th cc ion s trao i lectron vi cc in cc ri c gii phng ra , hoc tham gia cc phn ng ph. Mt trong cc phn ng ph l phn ng cc dng tan, phn ng ny xy ra trong cc bnh in phn c ant l kim loi m mui cu n c mt trong dung dch in phn.

17

- nh lut Fa-ra-y v in phn: Khi lng M ca cht c gii phng ra cc in cc t l vi ng lng gam
A ca cht v vi in lng q i qua dung dch in phn. n 1 A It vi F 96500 (C/mol) Biu thc ca nh lut Fa-ra-y: m = F n

3. Dng in trong cht kh - Dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc ion dng v catt, cc ion m v lectron v ant. Khi cng in trng trong cht kh cn yu, mun c cc ion v lectron dn in trong cht kh cn phi c tc nhn ion ho (ngn la, tia la in....). Cn khi cng in trng trong cht kh mnh th c xy ra s ion ho do va chm lm cho s in tch t do (ion v lectron) trong cht kh tng vt ln (s phng in t lc). S ph thuc ca cng dng in trong cht kh vo hiu in th gia ant v catt c dng phc tp, khng tun theo nh lut m (tr hiu in th rt thp). - Tia la in v h quang in l hai dng phng in trong khng kh iu kin thng. C ch ca tia la in l s ion ho do va chm khi cng in trng trong khng kh ln hn 3.105 (V/m) - Khi p sut trong cht kh ch cn vo khong t 1 n 0,01mmHg, trong ng phng in c s phng in thnh min: ngay phn mt catt c min ti catt, phn cn li ca ng cho n ant l ct sng ant. Khi p sut trong ng gim di 10-3mmHg th min ti catt s chim ton b ng, lc ta c tia catt. Tia catt l dng lectron pht ra t catt bay trong chn khng t do. 4. Dng in trong chn khng - Dng in trong chn khng l dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc lectron bt ra t catt b nung nng do tc dng ca in trng. c im ca dng in trong chn khng l n ch chy theo mt chiu nht nh t ant sang catt. 5. Dng in trong bn dn - Dng in trong bn dn tinh khit l dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc lectron t do v l trng. Tu theo loi tp cht pha vo bn dn tinh khit, m bn dn thuc mt trong hai loi l bn dn loi n v bn dn loi p. Dng in trong bn dn loi n ch yu l dng lectron, cn trong bn dn loi p ch yu l dng cc l trng. Lp tip xc gia hai loi bn dn p v n (lp tip xc p n) c tnh dn in ch yu theo mt chiu nht nh t p sang n. II. CU HI V BI TP 1. Dng in trong kim loi 3.1 Khi nhit ca dy kim loi tng, in tr ca n s A. Gim i B. Khng thay i C. Tng ln. D. Ban u tng ln theo nhit nhng sau li gim dn 3.2 Nguyn nhn gy ra hin tng to nhit trong dy dn khi c dng in chy qua l: A. Do nng lng ca chuyn ng c hng ca electron truyn cho ion(+) khi va chm. B. Do nng lng dao ng ca ion (+) truyn cho eclectron khi va chm C. Do nng lng ca chuyn ng c hng ca electron truyn cho ion (-) khi va chm D. Do nng lng ca chuyn ng c hng ca electron, ion (-) truyn cho ion (+) khi va chm 3.3 Nguyn nhn gy ra in tr ca kim loi l: A. Do s va chm ca cc electron vi cc ion (+) cc nt mng. B. Do s va chm ca cc ion (+) cc nt mng vi nhau C. Do s va chm ca cc electron vi nhau D. C B v C ng 3.4 Khi nhit tng th in tr sut ca thanh kim loi cng tng do: A. Chuyn ng v nhit ca cc electron tng ln

18

B. Chuyn ng nh hng ca cc electron tng ln C. Bin dao ng ca cc ion quanh nt mng tng ln. D. Bin dao ng ca cc ion quanh nt mng gim i 3.5 Mt si dy ng c in tr 74 500 C, c in tr sut = 4,1.10-3K-1. in tr ca si dy 1000 C l: A. 86,6 . B. 89,2 C. 95 D. 82 3.6 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Ht ti in trong kim loi l electron B. Dng in trong kim loi tun theo nh lut m nu nhit trong kim loi c gi khng i C. Ht ti in trong kim loi l in dng v in m. D. Dng in chy qua dy dn kim loi gy ra tc dng nhit 3.7 Mt si dy bng nhm c in tr 120 nhit 200C, in tr ca si dy 1790C l 204 . in tr sut ca nhm l: A. 4,8.10-3K-1 . B. 4,4.10-3K-1 C. 4,3.10-3K-1 D. 4,1.10-3K-1 3.8 Pht biu no sau y l ng? Khi cho hai thanh kim loi c bn cht khc nhau tip xc vi nhau th: A. C s khuch tn electron t cht c nhiu electron hn sang cht c t electron hn B. C s khuch tn in t kim loi ny sang kim loi kia C. C s khuch tn eletron t kim loi c mt electron ln sang kim loi c mt electron nh hn. D. Khng c hin tng g xy ra 3.9 xc nh c s bin i ca in tr theo nhit ta cn cc dng c: A. m k v ng h o thi gian B. Vn k, ampe k, cp nhit . C. Vn k, cp nhit , ng h o thi gian D. Vn k, ampe k, ng h o thi gian 2. Hin tng siu dn 3.10 Hai thanh kim loi c ni vi nhau bi hai u mi hn to thnh mt mch kn, hin tng nhit in ch xy ra khi: A. Hai thanh kim loi c bn cht khc nhau v nhit hai u mi hn bng nhau B. Hai thanh kim loi c bn cht khc nhau v nhit hai u mi hn khc nhau. C. Hai thanh kim loi c bn cht ging nhau v nhit hai u mi hn bng nhau D. Hai thanh kim loi c bn cht ging nhau v nhit hai u mi hn khc nhau 3.11 Sut in ng nhit in ph thuc vo: A. Hiu nhit (T1 T2) gia hai u mi hn. B. H s n di v nhit C. Khong cch gia hai mi hn D. in tr ca cc mi hn 3.12 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Cp nhit in gm hai dy dn in c bn cht khc nhau hn ni vi nhau thnh mt mch kn v hai mi hn ca n c gi hai nhit khc nhau B. Nguyn nhn gy ra sut in ng nhit in l do chuyn ng nhit ca cc ht ti in trong mch in c nhit khng ng nht C. Sut in ng nhit in E t l nghch vi hiu nhit (T1 T2) gia hai u mi hn ca cp nhit in. D. Sut in ng nhit in E xp x t l vi hiu nhit (T1 T2) gia hai u mi hn ca cp nhit in 3.13 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. i vi vt liu siu dn, c dng in chy trong mch ta lun phi duy tr mt hiu in th trong mch. B. in tr ca vt siu dn bng khng C. i vi vt liu siu dn, c kh nng t duy tr dng in trong mch sau khi ngt b ngun in D. i vi vt liu siu dn, nng lng hao ph do to nhit bng khng 3.14 Mt mi hn ca mt cp nhit in c h s T = 65 ( V/K) c t trong khng kh 200C, cn mi hn kia c nung nng n nhit 2320C. Sut in ng nhit in ca cp nhit khi l A. E = 13,00mV B. E = 13,58mV C. E = 13,98mV D. E = 13,78mV.

19

3.15 Mt mi hn ca mt cp nhit in c h s T = 48 ( V/K) c t trong khng kh 20 C, cn mi hn kia c nung nng n nhit t0C, sut in ng nhit in ca cp nhit khi l E = 6 (mV). Nhit ca mi hn cn l: A. 1250C B. 3980K C. 1450C. D. 4180K 3.16 Mt mi hn ca mt cp nhit in c h s T c t trong khng kh 200C, cn mi hn kia c nung nng n nhit 5000C, sut in ng nhit in ca cp nhit khi l E = 6 (mV). H s T khi l: A. 1,25.10-4 (V/K) B. 12,5 ( V/K). C. 1,25 ( V/K) D. 1,25(mV/K) 3. Dng in trong cht in phn. nh lut Fa-ra-y 3.17 Pht biu no sau y l ng? Dng in trong cht in phn l A. dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc in m, electron i v ant v in dng i v catt B. dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc electron i v ant v cc in dng i v catt C. dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc in m i v ant v cc in dng i v catt. D. dng chuyn dch c hng ca cc electron i v t catt v ant, khi catt b nung nng 3.18 Cng thc no sau y l cng thc ng ca nh lut Fara-y? A. m = F
A I .t n

B. m = D.V

C. I =

m.F .n . t. A

D. t =

m.n A.I .F

3.19 Mt bnh in phn ng dung dch AgNO3, cng dng in chy qua bnh in phn l I = 1 (A). Cho AAg=108 (vc), nAg= 1. Lng Ag bm vo catt trong thi gian 16 pht 5 giy l: A. 1,08 (mg) B. 1,08 (g). C. 0,54 (g) D. 1,08 (kg) 3.20 Mt bnh in phn dung dch CuSO4 c ant lm bng ng, in tr ca bnh in phn R = 8 ( ), c mc vo hai cc ca b ngun E = 9 (V), in tr trong r =1 ( ). Khi lng Cu bm vo catt trong thi gian 5 h c gi tr l: A. 5 (g) B. 10,5 (g) C. 5,97 (g). D. 11,94 (g) 3.21 t mt hiu in th U khng i vo hai cc ca bnh in phn. Xt trong cng mt khong thi gian, nu ko hai cc ca bnh ra xa sao cho khong cch gia chng tng gp 2 ln th khi lng cht c gii phng in cc so vi lc trc s: A. tng ln 2 ln B. gim i 2 ln. C. tng ln 4 ln D. gim i 4 ln 3.22. dn in ca cht in phn tng khi nhit tng l do: A. Chuyn ng nhit ca cc phn t tng v kh nng phn li thnh in tng. B. nht ca dung dch gim lm cho cc in chuyn ng c d dng hn C. S va chm ca cc in trong dung dch gim D. C A v B ng 3.23 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Khi ho tan axit, baz hc mui vo trong nc, tt c cc phn t ca chng u b phn li thnh cc in B. S cp in c to thnh trong dung dch in phn khng thay i theo nhit C. Bt k bnh in phn no cng c sut phn in D. Khi c hin tng cc dng tan, dng in trong cht in phn tun theo nh lut m. 3.24 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng khi ni v cch m mt huy chng bc? A. Dng mui AgNO3 B. t huy chng gia ant v catt. C. Dng ant bng bc D. Dng huy chng lm catt 3.25 Cho dng in chy qua bnh in phn ng dung dch mui ca niken, c ant lm bng niken, bit nguyn t khi v ha tr ca niken ln lt bng 58,71 v 2. Trong thi gian 1h dng in 10A sn ra mt khi lng niken bng: A. 8.10-3kg B. 10,95 (g). C. 12,35 (g) D. 15,27 (g)

20

3.26 Cho dng in chy qua bnh in phn cha dung dch CuSO 4, c ant bng Cu. Bit rng ng lng ha ca ng k =
1 A . = 3,3.10 7 kg/C. trn catt xut hin 0,33 kg ng, th in tch chuyn F n

qua bnh phi bng: A. 105 (C) B. 106 (C). C. 5.106 (C) D. 107 (C) 3.27** t mt hiu in th U = 50 (V) vo hai cc bnh in phn in phn mt dung dch mui n trong nc, ngi ta thu c kh hir vo mt bnh c th tch V = 1 (lt), p sut ca kh hir trong bnh bng p = 1,3 (at) v nhit ca kh hir l t = 270C. Cng ca dng in khi in phn l: A. 50,9.105 J B. 0,509 MJ. C. 10,18.105 J D. 1018 kJ 3.28 gii phng lng clo v hir t 7,6g axit clohiric bng dng in 5A, th phi cn thi gian in phn l bao lu? Bit rng ng lng in ha ca hir v clo ln lt l: k 1 = 0,1045.10-7kg/C v k2 = 3,67.10-7kg/C A. 1,5 h B. 1,3 h C. 1,1 h. D. 1,0 h 3.29 Chiu dy ca lp Niken ph ln mt tm kim loi l d = 0,05(mm) sau khi in phn trong 30 pht. Din tch mt ph ca tm kim loi l 30cm 2. Cho bit Niken c khi lng ring l = 8,9.103 kg/m3, nguyn t khi A = 58 v ho tr n = 2. Cng dng in qua bnh in phn l: A. I = 2,5 ( A) B. I = 2,5 (mA) C. I = 250 (A) D. I = 2,5 (A). 3.30 Mt ngun gm 30 pin mc thnh 3 nhm ni tip, mi nhm c 10 pin mc song song, mi pin c sut in ng 0,9 (V) v in tr trong 0,6 (). Bnh in phn dung dch CuSO4 c in tr 205 mc vo hai cc ca b ngun. Trong thi gian 50 pht khi lng ng Cu bm vo catt l: A. 0,013 g. B. 0,13 g C. 1,3 g D. 13 g 3.31 Khi hiu in th gia hai cc bng n l U 1 = 20mV th cng dng in chy qua n l I 1 = 8mA, nhit dy tc bng n l t1 = 250 C. Khi sng bnh thng, hiu in th gia hai cc bng n l U2 = 240V th cng dng in chy qua n l I2 = 8A. Bit h s nhit in tr = 4,2.10-3 K-1. Nhit t2 ca dy tc n khi sng bnh thng l: A. 2600 (0C) B. 3649 (0C). C. 2644 (0K) D. 2917 (0C) 3.32 Mt bnh in phn ng dung dch bc nitrat vi ant bng bc. in tr ca bnh in phn l R= 2 ( ). Hiu in th t vo hai cc l U= 10 (V). Cho A= 108 v n=1. Khi lng bc bm vo cc m sau 2 gi l: A. 40,3g. B. 40,3 kg C. 8,04 g D. 8,04.10-2 kg 3.33* Khi in phn dung dch mui n trong nc, ngi ta thu c kh hir ti catt. Kh thu c c th tch V= 1 (lt) nhit t = 27 (0C), p sut p = 1 (atm). in lng chuyn qua bnh in phn l: A. 6420 (C) B. 4010 (C) C. 8020 (C) D. 7842 (C). 4. Dng in trong chn khng 3.34 Cu no di y ni v chn khng vt l l khng ng? A. Chn khng vt l l mt mi trng trong khng c bt k phn t kh no B. Chn khng vt l l mt mi trng trong cc ht chuyn ng khng b va chm vi cc ht khc C. C th coi bn trong mt bnh l chn khng nu p sut trong bnh di khong 0,0001mmHg D. Chn khng vt l l mt mi trng khng cha sn cc ht ti in nn bnh thng n khng dn in. 3.35 Bn cht ca dng in trong chn khng l A. Dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc in dng cng chiu in trng v ca cc in m ngc chiu in trng B. Dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc electron ngc chiu in trng C. Dng chuyn di c hng ngc chiu in trng ca cc electron bt ra khi catt khi b nung nng. D. Dng dch chuyn c hng ca cc in dng cng chiu in trng, ca cc in m v electron ngc chiu in trng 3.36 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Tia catt c kh nng m xuyn qua cc l kim loi mng

21

B. Tia catt khng b lch trong in trng v t trng. C. Tia catt c mang nng lng D. Tia catt pht ra vung gc vi mt catt 3.37 Cng dng in bo ho trong chn khng tng khi nhit catt tng l do: A. S ht ti in do b in ho tng ln B. Sc cn ca mi trng ln cc ht ti in gim i C. S electron bt ra khi catt nhiu hn D. S eletron bt ra khi catt trong mt giy tng ln. 3.38 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Dng in trong chn khng tun theo nh lut m B. Khi hiu in th t vo it chn khng tng th cng dng in tng C. Dng in trong it chn khng ch theo mt chiu t ant n catt. D. Qu o ca electron trong tia catt khng phi l mt ng thng 3.39 Cng dng in bo ho trong it chn khng bng 1mA, trong thi gian 1s s electron bt ra khi mt catt l: A. 6,6.1015 electron B. 6,1.1015 electron C. 6,25.1015 electron. D. 6.0.1015 electron 3.40 Trong cc ng c tuyn vn-ampe sau, ng no l ca dng in trong chn khng?
I(A) I(A) I(A) I(A)

O A

U(V)

O B.

U(V)

O C

U(V)

O D

U(V)

3.41 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Cht kh trong ng phng in t c p sut thp hn p sut bn ngoi kh quyn mt cht. B. Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca ng phng in t phi rt ln, c hng nghn vn C. ng phng in t c ng dng trong Tivi, mt trc ca ng l mn hunh quang c ph cht hunh quang D. Trong ng phng in t c cc cp bn cc ging nh ca t in li tia in t to thnh hnh nh trn mn hunh quang 5. Dng in trong cht kh 3.42 Bn cht dng in trong cht kh l: A. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc in dng theo chiu in trng v cc in m, electron ngc chiu in trng. B. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc in dng theo chiu in trng v cc in m ngc chiu in trng C. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc in dng theo chiu in trng v cc electron ngc chiu in trng D. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron theo ngc chiu in trng 3.43 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Ht ti in trong cht kh ch c cc cc in dng v ion m B. Dng in trong cht kh tun theo nh lut m C. Ht ti in c bn trong cht kh l electron, in dng v in m. D. Cng dng in trong cht kh p sut bnh thng t l thun vi hiu in th 3.44 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Dng in trong kim loi cng nh trong chn khng v trong cht kh u l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc electron, ion dng v ion m

22

B. Dng in trong kim loi l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc electron. Dng in trong chn khng v trong cht kh u l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc in dng v in m C. Dng in trong kim loi v trong chn khng u l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc electron. Dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc electron, ca cc in dng v in m. D. Dng in trong kim loi v dng in trong cht kh l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc electron. Dng in trong chn khng l dng chuyn ng c hng ca cc in dng v in m 3.45 Hin tng h quang in c ng dng: A. trong k thut hn in. B. trong k thut m in C. trong it bn dn D. trong ng phng in t 3.46 Cch to ra tia la in l A. Nung nng khng kh gia hai u t in c tch in B. t vo hai u ca hai thanh than mt hiu in th khong 40 n 50V C. To mt in trng rt ln khong 3.106 V/m trong chn khng D. To mt in trng rt ln khong 3.106 V/m trong khng kh. 3.47 Khi to ra h quang in, ban u ta cn phi cho hai u thanh than chm vo nhau A. To ra cng in trng rt ln B. Tng tnh dn in ch tip xc ca hai thanh than C. Lm gim in tr ch tip xc ca hai thanh than i rt nh D. Lm tng nhit ch tip xc ca hai thanh than ln rt ln. 3.48 Pht biu no sau y l ng? A. Hiu in th gy ra st ch c th ln ti hng triu vn B. Hin tng h quang in ch xy ra khi hiu in th t vo cc cp cc ca thanh than khong 104V C. Cng dng in trong cht kh lun lun tun theo nh lut m D. Tia catt l dng chuyn ng ca cc electron bt ra t catt. 3.49 i vi dng in trong chn khng, khi catt b nung nng ng thi hiu in th gia hai u ant v catt ca bng 0 th A. Gia ant v catt khng c cc ht ti in B. C cc ht ti in l electron, in dng v in m C. Cng dng in chy chy mch bng 0. D. Cng dng in chy chy mch khc 0 6. Dng in trong bn dn 3.50 Pht biu no sau y v c im ca cht bn dn l khng ng? A. in tr sut ca cht bn dn ln hn so vi kim loi nhng nh hn so vi cht in mi B. in tr sut ca cht bn dn gim mnh khi nhit tng C. in tr sut ph thuc rt mnh vo hiu in th. D. Tnh cht in ca bn dn ph thuc nhiu vo cc tp cht c mt trong tinh th 3.51 Bn cht ca dng in trong cht bn dn l: A. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron v l trng ngc chiu in trng B. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron v l trng cng chiu in trng C. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc electron theo chiu in trng v cc l trng ngc chiu in trng D. Dng chuyn di c hng ca cc l trng theo chiu in trng v cc electron ngc chiu in trng. 3.52 nhit phng, trong bn dn Si tinh khit c s cp in t l trng bng 10-13 ln s nguyn t Si. S ht mang in c trong 2 mol nguyn t Si l: A. 1,205.1011 ht. B. 24,08.1010 ht C. 6,020.1010 ht D. 4,816.1011 ht 3.53 Cu no di y ni v phn loi cht bn dn l khng ng? A. Bn dn hon ton tinh khit l bn dn trong mt electron bng mt l trng B. Bn dn tp cht l bn dn trong cc ht ti in ch yu c to bi cc nguyn t tp cht C. Bn dn loi n l bn dn trong mt l trng ln hn rt nhiu mt electron. D. Bn dn loi p l bn dn trong mt electron t do nh hn rt nhiu mt l trng 3.54 Chn cu ng?

23

A. Electron t do v l trng u chuyn ng ngc chiu in trng B. Electron t do v l trng u mang in tch m C. Mt cc ht ti in ph thuc rt nhiu vo cc yu t bn ngoi nh nhit , mc chiu sng. D. linh ng ca cc ht ti in hu nh khng thay i khi nhit tng 3.55 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. Cu to ca it bn dn gm mt lp tip xc p-n B. Dng electron chuyn qua lp tip xc p-n ch yu theo chiu t p sang n. C. Tia ca tt mt thng khng nhn thy c D. dn in ca cht in phn tng khi nhit tng 3.56 iu kin c dng in l: A. Ch cn vt dn in ni lin vi nhau thnh mch in kn B. Ch cn duy tr mt hiu in th gia hai u vt dn. C. Ch cn c hiu in th D. Ch cn c ngun in 3.57 Hiu in th ca lp tip xc p-n c tc dng: A. Tng cng s khuch tn ca cc ht c bn B. Tng cng s khuch tn cc l trng t bn dn p sang bn dn n C. Tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn n sang bn dn p D. Tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn p sang bn dn n. 3.58 Khi lp tip xc p-n c phn cc thun, in trng ngoi c tc dng: A. Tng cng s khuch tn ca cc khng ht c bn B. Tng cng s khuch tn cc l trng t bn dn n sang bn dn p C. Tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn n sang bn dn p. D. Tng cng s khuch tn cc electron t bn dn p sang bn dn n 3.59 Chn pht biu ng. A. Cht bn dn loi n nhim in m do s ht electron t do nhiu hn cc l trng B. Khi nhit cng cao th cht bn dn nhim in cng ln C. Khi mc phn cc ngc vo lp tip xc p-n th in trng ngoi c tc dng tng cng s khuch tn ca cc ht c bn D. Dng in thun qua lp tip xc p - n l dng khuch tn ca cc ht c bn. 7. Linh kin bn dn 3.60 it bn dn c cu to gm: A. mt lp tip xc p n. B. hai lp tip xc p n C. ba lp tip xc p n D. bn lp tip xc p n 3.61 it bn dn c tc dng: A. chnh lu. B. khuch i C. cho dng in i theo hai chiu D. cho dng in i theo mt chiu t catt sang ant 3.62 Pht biu no sau y l khng ng? A. it bn dn c kh nng bin i dng in xoay chiu thnh dng in mt chiu B. it bn dn c kh nng bin i dng in mt chiu thnh dng in xoay chiu. C. it bn dn c kh nng pht quang khi c dng in i qua D. it bn dn c kh nng n nh hiu in th gia hai u it khi b phn cc ngc 3.63 Tranzito bn dn c cu to gm: A. mt lp tip xc p n B. hai lp tip xc p n. C. ba lp tip xc p n D. bn lp tip xc p n 3.64 Tranzito bn dn c tc dng: A. chnh lu B. khuch i. C. cho dng in i theo hai chiu D. cho dng in i theo mt chiu t catt sang ant

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