Bi 4.

Cc tr hm a thc

1
BI 4. CC TR HM A THC
A. CC TR HM A THC BC 3
I. TM TT L THUYT
1. Hm s: y = f (x)
( )
3 2
0 ax bx cx d a = + + +
2. o hm:
( )
2
3 2 y f x ax bx c = = + +
3. iu kin tn ti cc tr
y = f (x) c cc tr y = f (x) c cc i v cc tiu

( )
0 f x = c 2 nghim phn bit = b
2
3ac > 0
4. K nng tnh nhanh cc tr
Gi s = b
2
3ac > 0, khi
( )
0 f x = c 2 nghim phn bit
1 2
, x x vi
2
1,2
3
3
b b ac
x
a

= v hm s t cc tr ti x
1
, x
2
.
Theo nh ngha ta c cc cc tr ca hm s l:
( ) ( )
2 2
1 1 2 2
3 3
;
3 3
b b ac b b ac
y f x f y f x f
a a
| | | |
+
= = = = | |
\ \

Trong trng hp x
1
, x
2
l s v t th cc cc tr f (x
1
), f (x
2
) nu tnh theo nh
ngha s phc tp hn so vi cch tnh theo thut ton sau y:
Bc 1: Thc hin php chia f (x) cho f (x) ta c:
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
1 2
3 9 3 3 9
b b bc
f x x f x c x d
a a a
| |
= + + +
|
\

hay
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
. f x f x q x r x = + vi bc
( )
1 r x =
Bc 2: Do
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
2
1 1 1 1
1
2
2
2 2 2 2
2
0
3 3 9
nn
0
2
3 3 9
b bc
y f x r x c x d
f x
a a
f x
b bc
y f x r x c x d
a a
| |
= = = + |
=
\


= | |

= = = +
|

\

H qu:
ng thng i qua cc i, cc tiu c phng trnh l: y = r(x)
i vi hm s tng qut : y = f (x)
( )
3 2
0 ax bx cx d a = + + + th ng
thng i qua cc i, cc tiu c phng trnh:
( )
2
2
3 3 9
b bc
y c x d
a a
| |
= + |
\

Chng I. Hm s Trn Phng

2
II. BI TP MU MINH HA
Bi 1. Tm m hm s:
( ) ( )
3 2 2 2 1
2 3 1 5
3
y x m m x m x m = + + + + +
t cc tiu ti x = 2.
Gii:
( ) ( )
2 2 2
2 2 3 1 y x x m m x m = + + + +
( ) ( )
2
2 2 2 y x x m m = + +
hm s t cc tiu ti x = 2 th
( )
( )
( ) ( )
( )
2
2
2 0 4 3 0 1 3 0
3
1 0 2 0 0
y m m m m
m
m m y m m
= + = =

=

> > >


Bi 2. Tm a cc hm s
( )
3 2
1
3 2
x x
f x ax = + + ;
( )
3
2
3
3
x
g x x ax a = + + + .
c cc im cc tr nm xen k nhau.
Gii:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 3 ; f x x x a g x x x a = + + = + . Ta cn tm a sao cho g(x) c 2
nghim phn bit
1 2
x x < v f (x) c 2 nghim phn bit
3 4
x x < sao cho
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
1 2 1 3 2 4
3 1 4 2 1 2
1 2
1
1 3 0 ; 1 4 0
4
0
0
a a a x x x x
x x x x f x f x
f x f x

< = > = > < < <

< < < <

<

(*)
Ta c: ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 2 1 1 2 2
0 3 2 3 2 0 f x f x g x x a g x x a ( ( < + + + + <


( ) ( )
1 2
3 2 3 2 0 x a x a + + < ( )
( )
2
1 2 1 2
15
9 6 4 4 15 0 0
4
x x a x x a a a a + + + = + < < <
Bi 3. Tm m
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2
2 3 1 6 2 1 f x x m x m x = + + c ng thng i
qua C, CT song song vi ng thng y = ax + b.
Gii:
( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
2
6 1 2 0 f x x m x m = + + =
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 2 0 g x x m x m = + + =
Hm s c C, CT
( )
0 g x = c 2 nghim phn bit
( )
2
3 0 3
g
m m = >
Thc hin php chia f (x) cho g(x) ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
2 1 3 3 3 f x x m g x m x m m = + +
Vi m 3 th phng trnh
( )
0 g x = c 2 nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
v hm s
y = f (x) t cc tr ti x
1
, x
2
. Ta c: ( ) ( )
1 2
0 g x g x = = nn suy ra
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
1 1 1 2 2 2
3 3 3 ; 3 3 3 y f x m x m m y f x m x m m = = + = = +
ng thng i qua C, CT l ():
( ) ( )
2
2
3 3 3 y m x m m = +
Bi 4. Cc tr hm a thc

3
Ta c () song song vi ng thng y = ax + b

( ) ( )
2 2
3 3; 0 0
3 3 3
m m a a
m a m a m a
< <


= = =


Vy nu a < 0 th 3 m a = ; nu a 0 th khng tn ti m tho mn.
Bi 4. Tm m
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2
2 3 1 6 1 2 f x x m x m m x = + + c C, CT nm trn
ng thng (d): y = 4x.
Gii: Ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
2
6 1 1 2 0 f x x m x m m = + + =

( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 1 2 0 g x x m x m m = + + =
Hm s c C, CT
( )
0 g x = c 2 nghim phn bit
( )
2
1
3 1 0
3
g
m m = >
Thc hin php chia f (x) cho g(x) ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 1 3 1 1 1 2 f x x m g x m x m m m = + +
Vi
1
3
m th phng trnh
( )
0 g x = c 2 nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
v hm s
y = f (x) t cc tr ti x
1
, x
2
. Ta c: ( ) ( )
1 2
0 g x g x = = nn suy ra
( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
1 1 1 2 2
3 1 1 2 ; 3 1 1 2 y f x m x m m m y m x m m m = = + = +
ng thng i qua C, CT l ():
( ) ( ) ( )
2
3 1 1 1 2 y m x m m m = + .
cc i, cc tiu nm trn ng thng (d): y = 4x th () (d)

( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2
3 1 2 3 1 2 0
3 1 4
1
1 1 2 0
1 1 2 0
m m
m
m
m m m
m m m

+ = =
=

=
=

Bi 5. Tm m
( )
3 2
7 3 f x x mx x = + + + c ng thng i qua C, CT
vung gc vi y = 3x 7.
Gii: Hm s c C, CT
( )
2
3 2 7 0 f x x mx = + + = c 2 nghim phn bit

2
21 0 21 m m = > > . Thc hin php chia f (x) cho f (x) ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 7 1 2
3 21 3
9 9 9
m
f x x m f x m x = + + +
Vi 21 m > th phng trnh
( )
0 f x = c 2 nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
v hm
s y = f (x) t cc tr ti x
1
, x
2
. Ta c: ( ) ( )
1 2
0 f x f x = = suy ra
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
1 1 1 2 2 2
7 7 2 2
21 3 ; 21 3
9 9 9 9
m m
y f x m x y f x m x = = + = = +
Chng I. Hm s Trn Phng

4
ng thng i qua C, CT l ():
( )
2 7 2
21 3
9 9
m
y m x = +
Ta c () y = 3x 7
( )
2 2 3 10
45 2
21 .3 1 21
9 2 2
m m m = = > =
Bi 6. Tm m hm s
( )
3 2 2
3 f x x x m x m = + + c cc i, cc tiu i
xng nhau qua ():
5 1
2 2
y x =
Gii: Hm s c C, CT
( )
2 2
3 6 0 f x x x m = + = c 2 nghim phn bit

2
9 3 0 3 m m = > < . Thc hin php chia f (x) cho f (x) ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 1 2
1 3
3 3 3
m
f x x f x m x m = + + +
Vi 3 m < th phng trnh
( )
0 f x = c 2 nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
v hm s
y = f (x) t cc tr ti x
1
, x
2
. Ta c: ( ) ( )
1 2
0 f x f x = = nn
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
1 1 1 2 2 2
2 2
3 ; 3
3 3 3 3
m m
y f x m x m y f x m x m = = + + = = + +
ng thng i qua C, CT l (d):
( )
2
2 2
3
3 3
m
y m x m = + + .
Cc im cc tr ( ) ( )
1 1 2 2
, , , A x y B x y i xng nhau qua
( )
5 1
:
2 2
y x =
(d) () ti trung im I ca AB (*) . Ta c
1 2
1
2
I
x x
x
+
= = suy ra
(*)
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
2 1
3 1
0
3 2
0
5 2 1
1 0
3 1 1
3 3 2 2
m
m
m
m
m m
m m

=
=

=

+ =
+ + =

Bi 7. Cho
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2 2
cos 3sin 8 1 cos 2 1
3
f x x a a x a x = + + +
1. CMR: Hm s lun c C, CT.
2. Gi s hm s t cc tr ti x
1
, x
2
. CMR:
2 2
1 2
18 x x +
Gii: 1. Xt phng trnh:
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 2 cos 3sin 8 1 cos 2 0 f x x a a x a = + + =
Ta c:
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2
cos 3sin 16 1 cos 2 cos 3sin 32cos 0 a a a a a a a = + + = +
Nu
2 2
0 cos 3sin cos 0 sin cos sin cos 0 a a a a a a a = = = = + = (v l)
Vy > 0 a f (x) = 0 c 2 nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
v hm s c C, CT.
Bi 4. Cc tr hm a thc

5
2. Theo Viet ta c:
( )
1 2 1 2
3sin cos ; 4 1 cos 2 x x a a x x a + = = +
( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2
2 3sin cos 8 1 cos2 9 8cos 6sin cos x x x x x x a a a a a a + = + = + + = +
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
9 9 sin cos 3sin cos 18 3sin cos 18 a a a a a a = + + + = +
Bi 8. Cho hm s
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2 2 2
1 4 3
3
f x x m x m m x = + + + + +
1. Tm m hm s t cc tr ti t nht 1 im > 1.
2. Gi cc im cc tr l x
1
, x
2
. Tm Max ca ( )
1 2 1 2
2 A x x x x = +
Gii: Ta c:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 1 4 3 f x x m x m m = + + + + +
1. Hm s t cc tr ti t nht 1 im > 1
( )
0 f x = c 2 nghim phn bit
1 2
, x x tho mn:
1 2 1 2
1 1 x x x x < < <
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
2 1 0
6 7 0 3 2, 3 2
0
5, 1 6 5 0
2 1 0
6 7 0
3 2, 3 2
1
1 1 2
2
f
m m m
m m m
f
m m
m
S
m m
<

+ + < +

>

+ + <

+ + +

<
< + <

( ) 5, 3 2 m +
2. Do
( )
( )
1 2
2
1 2
1
1
4 3
2
x x m
x x m m
+ = +

= + +

( )
1 2 1 2
2 A x x x x = +
( )
2
4 3
2 1
2
m m
m
+ +
= + +
2 1
8 7
2
m m = + +
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 1
7 1 7 1
2 2
m m m m

= + + = + + (do 5 1 m < < )

( ) ( )
2
2 9 1 1
9 8 16 9 4
2 2 2
A m m m
( (
= + + = +

. Vi 4 m = th
9
Max
2
A =
Bi 9. Tm m hm s
( )
3 2 1
1
3
f x x mx x m = + + c khong cch gia cc
im C v CT l nh nht.
Gii: Do
( )
2
2 1 0 f x x mx = = c
2
1 0 m = + > nn f (x) = 0 c 2 nghim
phn bit x
1
, x
2
v hm s t cc tr ti x
1
, x
2
vi cc im cc tr l
( )
1 2
, A x y ; ( )
2 2
, B x y . Thc hin php chia f (x) cho f (x) ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
2 1 2 2
1 1
3 3 3
f x x m f x m x m = + + + . Do ( ) ( )
1 2
0 f x f x = = nn
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2
1 1 1 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
1 1 ; 1 1
3 3 3 3
y f x m x m y f x m x m = = + + + = = + + +
Chng I. Hm s Trn Phng

6
Ta c: ( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
2
2 2 2 2
2 2
2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1
4
1
9
AB x x y y x x m x x = + = + +
( )
( )
2
2
2
2 1 1 2
4
4 1 1
9
x x x x m
(
(
= + + +

(


( ) ( )
( )
2
2 2 4 4
4 4 1 1 4 1
9 9
m m
(
= + + + +
(



2 13
3
AB . Vy
2 13
Min
3
AB = xy ra m = 0.
Bi 10. Tm m hm s
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2 1 1
1 3 2
3 3
f x mx m x m x = + + t cc tr
ti x
1
, x
2
tho mn
1 2
2 1 x x + = .
Gii: Hm s c C, CT
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2 1 3 2 0 f x mx m x m = + = c 2 nghim
phn bit
( ) ( )
2
0
1 3 2 0
m
m m m

= >

6 6
1 0 1
2 2
m < < + (*)
Vi iu kin (*) th
( )
0 f x = c 2 nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
v hm s f (x) t
cc tr ti x
1
, x
2
. Theo nh l Viet ta c:
( ) ( )
1 2 1 2
2 1 3 2
;
m m
x x x x
m m

+ = =
Ta c:
( ) ( )
1 2 2 1
2 1 2 1 2 2 3 4
2 1 1 ;
m m m m m
x x x x
m m m m m

+ = = = = =
( )
( )( ) ( )
3 2 2 3 4
2 3 4 3 2
m m m
m m m m
m m m

= =
2
2
3
m
m
=

=

C 2 gi tr ny u tho mn iu kin (*). Vy
1 2
2 1 x x + =
2
2
3
m m = =
Bi 11. Tm m hm s
( )
3 2 1
1
3
f x x mx mx = + t cc tr ti x
1
, x
2
tho
mn iu kin
1 2
8 x x .
Gii: HS c C, CT
( )
2
2 0 f x x mx m = + = c 2 nghim phn bit
( ) ( )
2
0 , 0 1, m m m D = > = + (*)
Vi iu kin ny th
( )
0 f x = c 2 nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
v hm s f (x) t
cc tr ti x
1
, x
2
. Theo nh l Viet ta c:
1 2 1 2
2 ; x x m x x m + = = suy ra:
( )
2 2
1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2
8 64 4 64 x x x x x x x x +
2
4 4 64 m m
2 1 65 1 65
16 0 , ,
2 2
m m m
| | | |
+
+ | |
\ \
(tho mn (*) )
Vy
1 2
8 x x th
1 65 1 65
, ,
2 2
m
| | | |
+
+ | |
\ \

Bi 4. Cc tr hm a thc

7
B. CC TR HM A THC BC 4
I. TM TT L THUYT
1. Hm s: y = f (x)
( )
4 3 2
0 ax bx cx dx e a = + + + +
2. o hm:
( )
3 2
4 3 2 y f x ax bx cx d = = + + +
3. Cc tr: Xt
( )
0 f x =
c

ng 1 nghim
c ng 1 cc tr 1 nghim n
c ng 2 nghim
1 nghim kp
c 3 nghim phn bit c 3 cc tr gm C v CT

4. K nng tnh nhanh cc tr
Gi s f (x) trit tiu v i du ti x = x
0
, khi f (x) t cc tr ti x
0
vi s
cc tr l ( )
4 3 2
0 0 0 0 0
f x ax bx cx dx e = + + + + . Trong trng hp x
0
l s v t th
cc tr f (x
0
) c tnh theo thut ton:
Bc 1: Thc hin php chia f (x) cho f (x) ta c:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
.
4 3 2
f x q x f x r x = +

Bc Bc Bc

Bc 2: Do f (x
0
) = 0 nn f (x
0
) = r(x
0
)
H qu: Cc im cc tr ca hm bc 4: y = f (x) nm trn y = r(x)
II. CC BI TP MU MINH HA
Bi 1. Tm cc tr ca hm s
( )
4 2
6 8 1 y f x x x x = = .
Gii: Ta c:
( ) ( ) ( )
2
3
4 12 8 4 1 2 f x x x x x = = + ;
( ) ( ) ( )
12 1 1 f x x x = +
Do phng trnh
( )
0 f x = c 1 nghim n x = 2 v 1 nghim kp x = 1
nn hm s c ng 1 cc tr ti x = 2. Mt khc
( )
2 36 0 f = > suy ra
( )
CT
2 25 f f = = . Vy hm s c cc tiu
CT
25 f = v khng c cc i.
Bi 2. Cho
( ) ( )
4 3 2
4 3 1 1 f x x mx m x = + + + + . Tm m (x) ch c cc tiu
m khng c cc i.
Gii:
( ) ( ) ( ) [ ]
3 2 2
4 12 6 1 2 2 6 3 1 f x x mx m x x x mx m = + + + = + + + ;
( )
( ) ( )
2
0
0
2 6 3 1 0
x
f x
g x x mx m
=
=

= + + + =

. Xt cc kh nng sau y:
Chng I. Hm s Trn Phng

8
a) Nu
( )
2 1 7 1 7
3 3 2 2 0 ,
3 3
g
m m m I
(
+
= =
(

th
( )
2 0 g x x g(x) 0 x .
Suy ra f (x) trit tiu v i du ti x = 0 m f (0) = 6(m + 1) > 0 mI

( )
CT
0 1 f f = = , tc l hm s ch c cc tiu m khng c cc i.
b) Nu
( ) ( )
0
1
0 3 1 0
g
m
g m
>

= + =

th
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 6 4 3 f x x x x x x = =
( )
0 f x = x = 0 nghim kp, x = 3.
Nhn bng bin thin suy ra:
Hm s y = f (x) ch c cc tiu
m khng c cc i.
c) Nu
( )
0
1
0 0
g
m
g
>

th f (x) c 3 nghim phn bit

1 2 3
x x x < <
Nhn bng bin thin suy ra:
Hm s y = f (x) c cc i nn
khng tho mn yu cu bi ton.
Kt lun:
{ }
1 7 1 7
, 1
3 3
m
(
+

(


Bi 3. Cho hm s
( ) ( ) ( )
4 3 2
3 2 1 y f x x m x m x = = + + + +
Chng minh rng: m 1 hm s lun c cc i ng thi 0 x
C

( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) [ ] ( )
3 2 2
4 3 3 4 1 4 3 3 4 1 . f x x m x m x x x m x m x g x = + + + + = + + + + =
Ta c:
( ) ( )
2
2
9 3 64 1 9 10 17 0
g
m m m m m = + + = + > nn g(x) = 0 c 2
nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
.
Theo nh l Viet ta c:
1 2
. 1 0 1 x x m m = +
PT
( )
0 f x = c 3 nghim phn bit
0, x
1
, x
2
. Xt 2 kh nng sau:
a) Nu m < 1 th
1 2
. 1 0 x x m = + <

1 2
0 x x < < Bng bin thin

x 0 3 +
f 0 0 +
f
+



CT

+



x x
1
x
2
x
3
+
f 0 + 0 0 +
f
+



CT



C
CT

+



x x
1
0

x
2
+
f 0 + 0 0 +
f
+



CT



C
CT

+


Bi 4. Cc tr hm a thc

9
Nhn BBT suy ra 0 x =
C

b) Nu m > 1 th
1 2
. 0 x x >
v
( )
1 2
3 3
0
4
m
x x
+
+ = <
1 2
0 x x < <
Bng bin thin.
Nhn BBT suy ra
2
0 x x = <
C

Kt lun:
Vy m 1 hm s lun c 0 x
C

Bi 4. ( thi TSH khi B 2002)
Tm m hm s
( )
4 2 2
9 10 y mx m x = + + c 3 im cc tr
Gii. Yu cu bi ton
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 9 2 . 0 y x mx m x g x = + = = c 3 nghim
phn bit
2
3
9
0
2 0 3
m
m
m m
<

<

< <

Bi 5. Tm m
( )
4 2 4
2 2 f x x mx m m = + + c C, CT lp thnh tam gic u.
Gii.
( ) ( )
3 2
4 4 4 f x x mx x x m = = . Ta c:
( )
2
0 0 f x x x m = = = .
hm s c C, CT
( )
0 f x = c 3 nghim phn bit m > 0
3 nghim l:
1 2 3
; 0 ; x m x x m = = = 3 im C, CT l:
( ) ( ) ( )
4 2 4 4 2
, 2 ; 0, 2 ; , 2 A m m m m B m m C m m m m + + +

4
; 2 AB BC m m AC m = = + = .
A, B, C lp thnh tam gic u
th AB BC AC = =
4
2 m m m + =
4 4 3
4 3 3 m m m m m m + = = =
Bi 6. Chng minh rng: Hm s
( )
4 3 2
1 f x x mx mx mx = + + + + khng th
ng thi c C v CT m
Gii. Xt
( ) ( )
3 2 2 3
4 3 2 0 3 2 1 4 f x x mx mx m m x x x = + + + = + + =

x x
1
x
2
0

+
f 0 + 0 0 +
f
+



CT



C
CT

+



x x
1
0

x
3
+
f 0 + 0 0 +
f
+


A
CT



B
C


C
CT

+


Chng I. Hm s Trn Phng

10

3
2
4
3 2 1
x
m
x x

=
+ +
. Xt hm s
( )
3
2
4
3 2 1
x
g x
x x

=
+ +
c TX:
g
D =
( )
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2 2 2 2
2 2
2 2
4 3 4 3 4 2 1 1
0
3 2 1 3 2 1
x x x x x x
g x x
x x x x
(
+ + + + +

= =
+ + + +
;
( )
2
4
lim lim
2 1
3
x x
x
g x
x
x

= =
+ +

Nghim ca phng trnh
( )
0 f x =
cng l honh giao im ca
ng thng y = m vi th y = g(x).
Nhn bng bin thin suy ra ng thng y = m ct y = g(x) ti ng 1 im

( )
0 f x = c ng 1 nghim.
Vy hm s y = f (x) khng th ng thi c cc i v cc tiu.
Bi 7. Chng minh rng:
( )
4 3
0 f x x px q x = + +
4
256 27 q p
Gii. Ta c:
( )
( )
3 2 2
4 3 4 3 0 f x x px x x p = + = + =
3
4
p
x

= v nghim kp x = 0
Do f (x) cng du vi (4x + 3p) nn lp bng bin thin ta c:
f (x) 0 xR
( )
3
Min 0
4
p
f x f
| |
= |
\

4
4
256 27
0 256 27
256
q p
q p

Bi 8. ( thi d b H khi A nm 2004)
Tm m hm s
4 2 2
2 1 y x m x = + c 3 im cc tr l 3 nh ca mt tam
gic vung cn
Gii. Hm s c 3 cc tr
( )
2 2
4 0 y x x m = = c 3 nghim phn bit
0 m , khi th c 3 im cc tr l ( ) ( ) ( )
4 4
0,1 ; ,1 , ,1 A B m m C m m .
Do y l hm chn nn YCBT . 0 1 AB AC m = =


Bi 9. Chng minh rng:
( )
4 2
6 4 6 f x x x x = + + lun c 3 cc tr ng thi
gc to O l trng tm ca tam gic to bi 3 nh l 3 cc tr
Bi 10. Chng minh rng:
( )
4
0 f x x px q x = + +
3 4
256 27 q p
Bi 11. Cho
( ) ( )
4 3 2
8 3 2 1 1 f x x mx m x = + + + . Tm m (x) ch c cc tiu
m khng c cc i.

x x
2
+
f 0
f
+