PHN M U

1. L DO CHN TI

Hin nay, trn th gii cc hnh thc thanh ton khng dng tin mt tr thnh rt ph bin v chim t l ngy cng cao trong khi lng iu ng ti nguyn k thc ti cc ngn hng. Mi hnh thc thanh ton u c cng dng ring thch hp cho tng i tng v loi hnh giao dch a dng phong ph. Vic a ra mt hnh thc thanh ton ph hp va l nhim v, va l mc ch kinh doanh v trng im cnh tranh ca cc ngn hng. Cho n nay Vit Nam ang p dng hnh thc thanh ton khng dng tin mt. l hnh thc th ATM. n trc nm 2004 vic s dng th ATM trong khu vc dn c Vit Nam vn cn pht trin khim tn cha c s dng rng ri. Gn y theo pht trin ca th gii, vic s dng th ATM tr nn ph bin, gn gi vi ngi dn hn v c s dng nhiu nht Vit Nam do nhng cng dng ring m th em li.Tc tng trng ca th trng th ATM ngy cng cao, quy m, s lng pht hnh v s dng ngy cng ln. Tuy nhin bn cnh nhng tin ch to ln do vic s dng th vn cn tn ti nhng vn hn ch cn c quan tm v bn cnh hin trng bng n th vn cn tn ti nhng vn gii hn i hi phi c nhng gii php thch hp. L do chn chuyn Nhng gii php nng cao hiu qu s dng th

thanh ton hn ch s dng tin mt ti VN l mun ngi c hiu

bit nhiu hn v hin trng pht hnh th ca cc ngn hng v nhu cu s dng ca ngi dn. ng thi qua cc gii php c th s gip cho vic pht hnh v s dng khc phc hn ch, pht huy th mnh v t m rng hn.
2. MC TIU NGHIN CU

Phn tch, nh gi vic s dng th ATM hin nay Vit Nam. a ra mt s bin php nhm thc y vic s dng th.

3. PHNG PHP NGHIN CU

Thu thp thng tin qua mng v cc bo, tp ch, internet Sau x l nhng thng tin c ci nhn ton cnh v vn nghin cu.
4. GII HN PHM VI NGHIN CU

Ch nghin cu v phn tch tnh hnh s dng th ATM ch khng i su nghin cu v nhng k thut xung quanh vic hnh thnh th.

PHN NI DUNG
CHNG 1: S LC V TH THANH TON 1.1. Khi nim Th thanh ton- Payment Card l phng tin thanh ton khng dng tin mt, ra i t phng thc mua bn chu hng ha bn l v pht trin gn lin vi vic ng dng cng ngh tin hc trong lnh vc ti chnh ngn hng. Th ngn hng l cng c thanh ton do ngn hng pht hnh cp cho khch hng s dng thanh ton tin mua hng ha, dch v hoc rt tin mt trong phm vi s d tin gi ca mnh hoc hn mc tn dng c cp. Th ngn hng cn dng thc hin cc dch v thng qua h thng giao dich t ng hay cn gi l h thng t phc v ATM 1.2. Hnh thc th Hu ht cc loi th ngn hng hin nay u lm bng nha cng, c hnh ch nht chung mt kch c 84mm x 54mm x 0.76mm c gc trn gm 2 mt vi cc ni dung sau: Tn, biu tng ca th v huy hiu ca t chc pht hnh th S th (Card number) Ngy hiu lc ca th (Expiry date) H v tn ch th (Cardholder)

 Dy bng t (Magnetic Stripe) cha cc thng tin c m ho theo mt th thng nht nh: s th, ngy ht hn, cc yu t kim tra an ton khc. Bng giy ghi ch k Ngoi ra cn c th c cc thng tin khc tng tnh an ton ca th nh: s mt m t pht hnh, k hiu ring ca tng t chc, hnh ca ch th Biu tng ca mt s th ngn hng thng dng trn th gii

1.3. Phn loi Phn loi th c nhiu cn c phn loi, trong phn loi theo tnh cht l ch yu, th thanh ton chia lm 2 loi l: Th tn dng v Th Ghi n 1.3.1. Th tn dng- Credit Card Th Tn dng l mt cng c thanh ton khng dng tin mt, cho php ngi s dng kh nng chi tiu trc tr tin sau hay ni mt cch khc l mt hnh thc cp tn dng (cho vay) cho ch th. Ngn hng pht hnh th tn dng cho khch hng da trn uy tn v kh nng m bo chi tr ca tng khch hng.Do , mi khch hng c nhng hn mc tn dng khc nhau. Nu ch th thanh ton ton b s d n vo ngy n hn, thi gian ny s tr thnh thi gian n hn v ch th hon ton c min li i vi s d n cui k. Tuy vy, nu ht thi gian ny m ton b s d n cui k cha c thanh ton cho ngn hng th ch th s chu nhng khon ph v li tr chm.

Khi ton b s tin pht sinh c hon tr cho ngn hng, hn mc tn dng ca ch th c khi phc nh ban u. y l tnh cht tun hon ca th tn dng. Khong thi gian t khi th c dng thanh ton tin mua hng ha, dich v ti lc ch th tr tin cho ngn hng ph thuc vo tng loi th tn dng ca cc t chc khc nhau. Ti VN hin nay, c rt nhiu thng hiu Th tn dng quc t nh: Master Card, Visa Card, American Express, .. do cc Cng ty Ti Chnh nc ngoi lm ch thg hiu. Cc Ngn hng VCB, ACB, Eximbank, . l i l pht hnh th tn dng cho cc Cng ty. 1.3.1. Th ghi n- Debit Card. Th Ghi n l mt phng tin thanh ton khng dng tin mt, c pht hnh da trn vic ghi n trc tip vo ti khon tin gi ca ch th. . Vi khi nim nh trn, im khc bit so vi th tn dng l th ghi n khng h c hn mc tn dng m hn mc s dng chnh l s tin hin c trong TK tin gi. Mc tiu ca ch th ch ph thuc vo s d trong ti khon. Th ghi n cho php khch hng tip cn vi s d trong ti khong ca mnh qua h thng kt ni trc tip thanh ton hng ha, dch v ti cc n v chp nhn th hoc thc hin cc giao dch lin quan ti ti khon ti my rt tin t ng ATM. Ngn hng gi vai tr cung cp dch v cho ch th v thu ph dch v. i vi th ghi n, gia ngn hng v khch hng khng din ra qu trnh cho vay, khng c vic phn loi khch hng c hng hn mc tn dng nn khch hng ch cn c ta khon ti ngn hng u c th tip cn vi ti sn phm ghi n ca khch hng. * Th ATM Th ATM l hnh thc pht trin u tin ca th ghi n, cho php ch th tip cn trc tip ti ti khon ti ngn hng t my rt tin t ng .

Ch th c th thc hin nhiu giao dch khc nhau ti my rt tin t ng ATM, bao gm: xem s d ti khon, chuyn khon, rt tin, in sao k, xem cc thng tin qung co. H thng my ATM hin i cn cho php ch th gi tin vo ti khon ca mnh ngay ti cc my ATM v t mnh thc hin cc dch v ngn hng khc S tin li l c im quan nht ca th ATM. Bng cch nhp m s c nhn(PIN), ch th c th tip cn ti khon c nhn ca mnh ti ngn hng mi ni, mi lc, 24/24h mi ngy v 7 ngy trong tun. iu nu c ngha l cng vi th ATM, h thng ATM cung cp cho khch hng s dng th kh nng giao dch ngoi gi lm vic, ngoi tr s ca ngn hng v kh nng t phc v. Theo thi gian, cc t chc ch ng kt ni h thng ATM vi nhau to nn mt mng ATM khu vc, cho php ngn hng c th thc hin giao dch ti nhiu my ATM hn. Hin nay, hai h thng ATM ln nht trn th gii l CIRRUS ca MasterCard v PLUS ca Visa, sn sng cho php th ca cc ngn hng v nhng t chc tn dng khc kt ni, to nn mt mng li rng khp trn ton cu. 1.4. Quy trnh lm th 1.4.1. iu kin pht hnh th 1.4.1.1 i vi th c nhn - Ch th chnh : + C nng lc php lut nng lc hnh vi dn s v chu trch nhim dn s theo quy nh ca ca php lut. + C kh nng ti chnh m bo vic thc hin y v ng hn cc ngha v ti chnh lin quan n vic s dng th ca ch th chnh v ch th ph. + Sn sng cung cp cc ti liu cn thit khi ngn hng c yu cu + C ti sn m bo cho vic pht hnh th v hoc c ngi th ba th chp, cm c ti sn hp php bo lnh thanh ton thay. Ngi th ba phi c

nng lc hnh vi dn s (i vi c nhn). Trng hp pht hnh th khng c ti sn m bo c thc hin theo quy nh ca ngn hng theo tng thi k . - Ch th ph : + C nng lc php lut v chu trch nhim dn s theo quy nh ca php lut. + Sn sng cung cp cc ti liu cn thit khi ngn hng c yu cu + c ch th chnh ngh cp th bng vn bn. Ring vi cc ch th l c nhn ngi nc ngoi phi c thi hn c tr v lm vic ti Vit Nam bng thi hn s dng th cng vi 60 ngy. 1.4.1.2 i vi th cng ty - Cng ty c xt cp hn mc tn dng th phi + C nng lc php lut dn s v chu trch nhim dn s theo quy nh ca php lut + C kh nng ti chnh m bo vic thc hin y v ng hn cc ngha v ti chnh lin quan n vic s dng th ca cc c nhn c cng ty ngh cp th + Sn sng cung cp cc ti liu cn thit khc khi ngn hng c yu cu + C ti sn m bo cho vic pht hnh th v hoc c bn th ba th chp cm c ti sn hp php bo lnh thanh ton thay. Ngi th ba phi c nng lc php lut dn s ( i vi php nhn ), hoc c nng lc php lut v nng lc hnh vi dn s (i vi c nhn ). Trng hp pht hnh th khng c ti sn m bo c thc hin theo quy nh ca HTD ngn hng trong tng thi k. Ngoi ra cng ty phi c ti khon m ti cc ngn hng khc ti Vit Nam. 1.4.2.Quy trnh pht hnh, s dng v thanh ton th Vic pht hnh th c bn tun theo quy trnh sau: Bc 1: Khi mt khch hng c nhu cu s dng th Ngn hng pht hnh yu cu khch hng cung cp cc h s cn thit theo quy nh c th pht hnh th cho khch hng, cc giy t tu theo quy nh ca tng ngn hng, ca tng

quc gia nhng v c bn l chng minh nhn dn khch hng, kh nng thanh ton ca khch hng v cc t chc c nhn c quan h. Bc 2: Sau khi thm nh h s, nu khch hng iu kin lm th, ngn hng s pht hnh th cho khch hng hng dn cch s dng v bo qun th. Bc 3: Ch th khi s dng th thanh ton tin hng ho dch v hay rt tin mt ti cc n v chp nhn th i l s phi kim tra kh nng thanh ton ca th bng cch xin chun chi ca ngn hng thanh ton. Nu th khng vn g, ngn hng cp php chun chi v bo cho n v chp nhn th bit. Bc 4: n v chp nhn th khi s yu cu ch th k tn ln ho n (m bo ch k trn ho n phi ging ch k trn th) v cung cp hng ho, dch v hay ng rt tin mt cho khch hng . Bc 5: n v chp nhn th nhn tin thanh ton t ngn hng thanh ton sau khi np li ho n cho ngn hng (nu l my c th), hoc sau khi tng kt trn thit b c th in t v b tr i mt khon chit khu i l. Bc 6: Ngn hng thanh ton s thc hin i tin t ngn hng pht hnh thng qua t chc th quc t (trng hp ngn hng pht hnh v ngn hng thanh ton khng cng mt h thng), nhim v ca cc t chc th quc t l ghi n vo ti khon ca ngn hng pht hnh v ghi c cho ngn hng thanh ton. nh k hng thng vo ngy lp bng thng bo giao dch, ngn hng pht hnh nhn c file d liu sao k chi tit v hot ng ca ch th trong k, sau ngn hng lp bng thng bo giao dch gi cho ch th yu cu thanh ton. Trong qu trnh s dng, pht hnh v thanh ton th, ngn hng pht hnh, ngn hng thanh ton v t chc th quc t c trch nhim gii quyt tt c cc khiu ni, tra sot, i bi hon v s l cc tranh chp khc. 1.5. Vai tr ca hnh thc thanh ton th 1.5.1. i vi nn kinh t

Thanh ton bng th gip loi b mt khi lng tin mt rt ln l ra phi lu chuyn trc tip trong lu thng thanh ton cc khon mua hng, tr tin dch v trong c ch th trng ang ngy cng si ng, pht trin tt c cc nc, loi hnh thanh ton ny cng khng i hi nhiu th tc giy t. Do s tit kim c mt khi lng ng k v chi ph in n, chi ph bo qun, vn chuyn... Vi hnh thc thanh ton hin i, nhanh chng, an ton, hiu qu ny s thc y nn kinh t pht trin, gip nh nc qun l nn kinh t c v vi m v v m. Vic p dng cng ngh hin i ca vic pht hnh v thanh ton th quc t s to iu kin cho vic hi nhp nn kinh t Vit Nam vi nn kinh t th gii. 1.5.2. i vi ton x hi Th l mt trong nhng cng c hu hiu gp phn thc hin bin php kch cu ca nh nc ht khch du lch v cc nh u t, ci thin mi trng vn minh thng mi v vn minh thanh ton, nng cao hiu bit ca dn c v cc ng dng cng ngh tin hc trong phc v i sng. Hn na thanh ton th to iu kin cho s ho nhp ca quc gia vo cng ng quc t v nng cao h s an ton x hi trong lnh vc tin t. 1.6. Li ch v ri ro ca vic p dng th thanh ton 1.6.1. Li ch ca th 1.6.1.1. i vi ch th Ch th c th s dng th thanh ton tin hng ho, dch v, rt tin mt hoc tip nhn mt s dch v ngn hng ta cc c s chp nhn thanh ton th, my ATM, cc ngn hng thanh ton th trong v ngoi nc. Khi dng th thanh ton, ch th c th chi tiu trc, tr tin sau (i vi th tn dng), hoc c th thc hin dch v mua bn hng ho ti nh... An ton: Cc loi th thanh ton lm bng cng ngh cao, ch th c cung cp m s c nhn nn m bo b mt tuyt i, cc khon tin c chuyn trc tip vo ti khon cho nn trnh mt mt hoc trm cp.

Linh hot: Khi s dng th tn dng c th gip khch hng iu chnh cc khon chi tiu mt cch hp l trong mt khong thi gian nht nh vi hn mc tn dng, to nhiu iu kin thun li trong tiu dng, sinh hot cng nh sn xut. 1.6.1.2. i vi c s chp nhn th Cung ng dch v c chp nhn thanh ton th s gip bn c nhiu hng hn, do tng doanh s, gim chi ph bn hng, tng li nhun. ng thi chp nhn thanh ton bng th gp phn lm cho ni bn hng tr nn vn minh, hin i, to cm gic thoi mi cho khch hng khi n giao dch, thu ht c nhiu khch hng n vi ca hng. Cc khon tin bn hng c chuyn trc tip vo ti khon ngn hng do an ton v thun tin hn trong qun l ti chnh k ton. 1.6.1.3.i vi ngn hng - Ngn hng pht hnh th Thc hin tham gia thanh ton th, ngn hng c th a dng ho cc dch v ca mnh, thu ht c nhng khch hng mi lm quen vi dch v th v cc dch v khc do ngn hng cung cp, va gi c nhng khch hng c. Mt khc thng qua hot ng pht hnh, thanh ton th ngn hng c th thu ht mt ngun vn ln b sung vo ngun vn ngn hn t hot ng thu ph v li do vic pht hnh th mang li. Cng thng qua , uy tn v danh ting ca ngn hng c nng ln nh vic cung cp cc dch v y . - Ngn hng thanh ton th Ngn hng thu ht c nhiu khch hng n vi ngn hng mnh, s dng cc sn phm do ngn hng cung cp. T lm tng doanh thu, tng li nhun thng qua hot ng thu ph chit khu i l t hot ng thanh ton i l. Qua cng lm tng uy tn ca ngn hng trong nn kinh t. 1.6.2. Ri ro ca th

1.6.2.1. Ri ro trong khu pht hnh - n xin pht hnh vi nhng thng tin gi Ngn hng c th pht hnh th cho khch hng vi nhng thng tin gi mo do khng thm nh k cc thng tin ca khch hng trn h s xin pht hnh th. Tuy th c th khng nh rng t l pht sinh loi ri ro ny l rt thp, bi v trong thc t, khc vi nhiu loi hnh kinh doanh khc hp ng th d kim chng v c m bo cao (c th chp v c s d tin gi ti ngn hng v c theo di dng thu nhp ca ch th). Trng hp ri ro ny c th dn n cc ri ro v tn dng cho NHPH khi ch th s dng th m khng c kh nng thanh ton cc khon chi tiu ca h, hoc c nhng hnh vi la o. - Th gi Th do cc t chc ti phm hoc c nhn lm gi cn c vo cc thng tin c c t cc chng t giao dch th hoc th mt cp, tht lc. Theo quy nh ca t chc th quc t, NHPH chu hon ton trch nhim vi mi giao dch th gi c m s (PIN) ca NHPHT. y l loi ri ro c bit nguy him v kh qun l v nm ngoi s tin liu ca NHPH. - Ch th khng nhn c th do NHPH gi Ri ro ny pht sinh khi ngn hng pht hnh gi th cho ch th qua ng bu in nhng th b nh cp trn ng gi. Th b s dng trong khi ch th khng hay bit g v vic th c gi cho mnh. Nu khng c bin php qun l m bo, NHPH phi chu mi ri ro i vi giao dch c thc hin trong trng hp ny. - Ti khon ca ch th b li dng Ri ro ny pht sinh ti thi im ngn hng gia hn hoc pht hnh th. Ngn hng pht hnh nhn c thng bo v thay i a ch ca ch th v c yu cu gi th v a ch mi. Do khng kim tra tnh xc thc ca thng bo nn ngn hng pht hnh th gi th n a ch thao yu cu nhng thc ra y khng phi l yu cu ca ch th ch thc.

Ti khon ca ch th b ngi khc li dng ch c pht hin khi ngn hng nhn c s lin h ca ch th v vic khng nhn c th hoc khi ngn hng yu cu thanh ton sao k cho ch th. Trng hp ny d dn n ri ro cho c ngn hng v ch th. 1.6.2.2. Ri ro trong khu thanh ton y l khu pht sinh ri ro chnh trong kinh doanh th. Hng lot thithi ca ngn hng v cc t chc th quc t gn y u xy ra trong khu pht hnh v thanh ton th. - Th mt cp tht lc Ch th b mt cp hoc b tht lc th v th c ngi khc s dng trc khi ch th kp thng bo cho ngn hng pht hnh bit c bin php hn ch s dng hoc thu hi th. Cc t chc ti phm c th in ni m ho li th thc hin cc giao dch v th gi mo. Trng hp ny d dn n ri ro cho ch th hoc cho ngn hng pht hnh th. - To bng t gi y l loi gi mo giao dch th s dng cng ngh k thut cao trn c s thu thp thng tin trn bng t ca ch th thanh ton ti cc c s chp nhn th. Cc t chc ti phm lm th gi s dng cc phn mm ring r m ho v to cc bng t trn th gi, sau s thc hin cc giao dch gi mo. Trong trng hp ny dn n cc ri ro cho ngn hng thanh ton, ngn hng pht hnh v ch th. Loi gi mo ny ang c xu hng gia tng cc nc c hot dng kinh doanh th pht trin. - Ri ro v o c Ri ro ny pht sinh khi nhn vin cc c s chp nhn th c tnh in ra nhiu b ho n thanh ton th, nhng ch giao mt b ho n cho ch th k thanh ton. Sau b ho n in d s b gi mo ch k ca khch hng yu cu ngn hng thanh ton chi tr. Thit hi xy ra c th lm nh hng n ngn hng thanh ton v ngn hng pht hnh.

Ngoi cc ri ro chnh trn, cn mt s nguy c ri ro khc c th xut hin nu ngn hng thnh vin khng ch trng ng mc ti vic qun l h thng x l d liu v qun tr h thng k thut. Tm li hot ng kinh doanh th ngn hng cha ng rt nhiu ri ro, do nng cao cht lng trong kinh doanh th, gim mt mt v ti a ho thu nhp, ngn hng cn c bit ch trng vo cng tc phng chng ri ro. CHNG 3: MT S GII PHP PHT TRIN HOT NG THANH TON TH TI CC NGN HNG THNG MI VIT NAM 3.1. Trin vng hot ng thanh ton th ti Vit Nam 3.1.1. S cn thit phi pht trin th thanh ton ti Vit Nam Vi vic gia nhp vo t chc thng mi WTO, Vit Nam ang n lc thc hin vic thanh ton khng dng tin mt trong nn kinh t. Thanh ton khng dng tin mt c nhng u th r rng, th hin trnh pht trin cao ca nn kinh t cng nh ngi tiu dng, gim cc chi ph trong hot ng thanh ton, gp phn lun chuyn nhanh ngun vn trong nn kinh t. Trong cc phng tin thanh ton khng dng tin mt, th ATM ng mt vai tr quan trng v mu cht. Th ngn hng tr thnh cng cu thanh ton tin tin vi nhiu tin ch mi, p ng c cc nhu cu giao dch ngy cng tng ca khch hng, thc y pht trin kinh t v thng mi, ph hp vi xu th ton cu ha v hi nhp kinh t quc t nh Vic dng th thanh ton trong giao dch gim p lc vic lu thng tin mt trn th trng. Cc giao dch c gii quyt qua h thng ngn hng thng qua hnh thc chuyn khon qua gip mi ngi tit kim c v thi gian, chi ph i li. Vi th ATM mi ngi c th d dng thc hin vic rt tin, gi tin cho ngi khc ngay trn my ATM. Gp phn hn ch cc giao dch khng hp php, tng cng s qun l ca Nh Nc nh kim sot thu nhp c nhn, tng cng mc qun

l lu thng tin t trong nn kinh t c nhng bin php hn ch t mt tri v l hng ca nn kinh t th trng. Trong thi bui hin nay, lm pht, s tng ln ca t gi v kim sot ca ngn hng Nh nc th s dng th thanh ton trong giao dch ni a cng nh quc t l mt gii php ha gii s b bch v nhu cu ngoi t hp php ca cc c nhn nhng thng u nm. 3.1.2. Trin vng hot ng thanh ton th ti Vit Nam Vi nhng c im ca th trng v thc trng th trng Vit Nam hin nay, cc ngn hng chc chn gp khng t kh khn trong pht trin vic pht hnh v thanh ton th, nh vic thay i thi quen dng tin mt. Tuy nhin, thc trng cng cho thy th trng th Vit Nam c tim nng ln pht trin, v l c hi cc ngn hng khai thc v pht trin dch v th ca ngn hng mnh. Theo nh gi v tim nng pht trin ca th trng th thanh ton ti Vit Nam, cc chuyn gia thuc Cng ty Nghin cu th trng hng u ca M Research and Markets nhn nh Vit Nam l th trng th thanh ton nng ng hng u th gii. Th trng th thanh ton Vit Nam s tng khong 18,5% trong giai on t nm 2011 2014. Quy m dn s tr khng ngng m rng cng vi s pht trin ca cng ngh v xu hng thng mi in t ngy cng thnh hnh l nhng yu t c bn khin th trng th thanh ton Vit Nam, c th tn dng (credit card) v th ghi n (debit card), pht trin nhanh trong vi nm tr li y. S tr gip ca chnh ph v dn s tng nhanh gp phn gim ng k hnh thc thanh ton ny trong nhng nm qua, ng thi khuyn khch thm nhiu ngi dn dng th. Hin nay, th ghi n chim lnh th trng, th tn dng l loi th tng i mi m trn th trng Vit Nam v ch chim di 1,5% th phn th thanh ton.

Mc pht trin nhanh cho ca trung tm mua sm cng vi my Pos trong giao dch ti Vit Nam cng to iu kin th thanh ton pht trin. Th trng th Vit Nam hin nay khng ch lin kt cc ngn hng vi nhau m cn lin kt vi cc t chc th quc t, to iu kin cho ngi Vit Nam i du lch, hc tp, cng tc nc ngoi c th thanh ton d dng. Th thanh ton quc t c s dng rng ri trn ton th gii nh: MasterCard, VisaCard, JCP card n c th l th tn dng hay th ghi n.

Bng DN S VIT NAM (n v: triu ngi) 2003 2010 2020 (d tnh) 90

Tng dn s

79.5

86,9277

Dn s thnh th

21

26,224

45

T l dn s thnh 27% th (Ngun: tng cc thng k)

30,17%

50%

D bo s lng ti khon 2011 -2015 (vt: ngn)

D bo khi lng giao dch 2011 -2015 (vt: triu)

3.2 Mt s gii php nhm pht trin hot dng thanh ton th ti Vit Nam Trn nhng phn tch va ri c th thy th trng th thanh ton ti Vit Nam pht trin mnh nhng nm gn y. Cng nh trin vng th trng th thanh ton vn cn ln tng v cn c nhng hn ch. Nhm xin a ra mt s gii php pht trin hot ng thanh ton th ti cc NHTM Vit Nam trong thi gian ti. 3.2.1. Gii php v m 3.2.1.1. Hon thin mi trng php l cho hot ng kinh doanh th Vi s thay i nhanh chng ca nn kinh t, vic xy dng, cng c mi trng php l l ht sc cn thit v chng ta vn cha c c hnh lang php l

y cho vic pht hnh v thanh ton th quc t. Khuyn khch cc hot ng thanh ton khng dng tin mt: Cn b xung cc quy nh hn ch thanh ton bng tin mt trong Ngh nh thanh ton. iu ny lm tng cng hiu qu qun l ca Nh nc, gi vng tnh nh hng trong qun l kinh t ca Nh nc, v gp phn y mnh thanh ton khng dng tin mt ni chung v thanh ton th ni ring. Vi s thm nhp ca ti phm th th php lut cn a ra cc khung x pht ring cho cc i tng ny. Tip tc hon chnh c s php l v cc vn bn lut cho hot ng kinh doanh th. Hon thin mi trng php l to ra mi trng cho hot ng kinh th c thut tin hn, y mnh cc giao dch bng th thanh ton t hn ch s dng tin mt. 3.2.1.2. Thnh lp trung tm thanh ton b tr cho cc giao dch th Thc t hin nay, cc ngn hng qun l pht hnh v thanh ton th theo mng ring ca mnh, iu ny c li l ph hp vi kinh ph u t thit b cng ngh ca tng ngn hng. Nhng c mt bt cp l n khng to iu kin thc hin thng nht cc giao dch v th v pht sinh nhng ph tn khng cn thit. Nh vy, vi xu hng pht trin th nh hin nay, rt cn thit phi thnh lp mt trung tm thanh ton b tr ring cho cc giao dch th trong nc. Trung tm ny s l u mi qun l mng xng sng, thng qua ni kt cc loi th khc nhau, cc dch v ca nhng ngn hng khc nhau. Tuy hin nay trn th trng c 3 lin minh thanh ton h thng VNBC, h thng Banknetvn, h thng Smartlink nhng cn st nhp 3 h thng ny li thnh mt thun tin hn v cng gim thiu chi ph v tt c cc ngn hng u cng mt h thng. 3.2.1.3. Qung b, ph cp kin thc v th v s dng th

Trong nhng nm gn y, th trng th ngn hng Vit Nam cng c nhiu bin i tch cc. Khi nim th ngn hng tuy khng cn xa l i vi cng chng nhng cng cha thc s quen thuc. Ngoi ra, tm l s dng tin mt ca ngi dn vn cn nhiu. iu ny cho ta thy vic qung co sn phm ny cha rm r, khng c mt chin lc cho mi ngi dn c nhng hiu bit nht nh cn c trong giai on u chu k sng ca mi sn phm mi. di ca khong thi gian ny ph thuc nhiu vo chng ta. Chng ta cn c u t tha ng vo giai on ny th sn phm mi t c s tng trng mong mun cc giai on tip sau. i vi vic qung co, vi mt sn phm th vic ny thng phi thc hin trc khi sn phm ra i. Nhng nh ta thy vic thc hin qung co sn phm ny cn chm v yu t, mi ch s dng hnh thc c in nh t ri, p phch Cc ngn hng cn phi u t mt khon tin xy dng v in m sn phm th vo suy ngh ca dn chng bng phng tin thng tin i chng nh i, bo, tiviVi hnh thc qung co trn bo ch, ta c th vit ln nhng nt c o nht v u im ca sn phm v thun li ca khch hng khi s dng sn phm. Vi i c th a c thng tin n tn nhng min xa xi nht, cn hnh thc qung co trn tivi chng ta c th a c nhng hnh nh tht v sn phm ng thi vi nhng u im v s thun tin ca n u c truyn t ti ngi xem. y l phng tin t hiu qu ln nht. Ngoi ra cn t cc Cartalogue, p phch ti Trung tm cng cng c lng ngi qua li nhiu, ti cc khu vc hay ni t chc cc hi tho thng mi, kinh doanh. Thng qua cc hnh thc qung co tuyn truyn lm cho mi ngi dn thy c tnh u vit ca vic s dng th to cho h thch s dng hnh thc thanh ton ny. NHNN cng nn phi hp vi Hip hi cc ngn hng thanh ton th, cc t chc th quc t v mt s ngnh chc nng lin quan trin khai chng trnh quc gia gii thiu v tuyn truyn v th tn dng quc t gip thay i dn thi quen dng tin mt trong thanh ton ca mi tng lp dn c.

Tm li, nng cao trnh gio dc, to mi trng thun li cho hot ng Marketing trong vic o to nhn thc cho khch hng, gip vic tuyn truyn v qung co sn phm th ca ngn hng pht huy tc dng mnh m hn. 3.2.1.4. Phi hp u tranh chng gian ln Trong bt k mt hot ng kinh doanh thc ngnh no cng hm cha ri ro. Hot ng kinh doanh th ca cc t chc ti chnh, tn dng, ngn hng cng khng nm ngoi quy lut ny. Cng vi vic pht trin hot ng pht hnh v thanh ton th, bn thn mi ngn hng u quan tm ng mc i vi vn phng nga v hn ch ri ro do ti phm th gy nn. i mt vi nhng ri ro v nguy c ca loi ti phm ny, cc t chc tn dng cung cp dch v th ATM phi tham vo cuc a ra hng lot bin php khuyn co v ngn nga tnh trng gian ln th. Trong trng hp pht hin hin tng bt thng trong qu trnh s dng th rt tin, khch hng cn thng bo ngay cho ng dy nng ca tng ngn hng kp thi x l. Ngi s dng th cn phi ht sc cnh gic v tuyt i khng cung cp cc thng tin c nhn, thng tin v th ATM ca mnh cho ngi khc. c bit, cn phi cnh gic v nhng th, e-mail yu cu tng t nh trn hoc e-mail c du hiu la o nh: thng bo trng thng, mi tham gia hot ng trn website no Cc ngn hng thng xuyn gim st cht ch cc quy trnh, th tc hot ng ca mnh, cn trng trong khu tuyn chn v thm ch phi p dng bin php lun chuyn cn b nhm ngn nga mi ri ro c th xy ra. Cc ngn hng thng mi, ngn hng Nh nc v khch hng to mi lin h chn ch vi nhau v vi lc lng chng ti phm th. 3.2.1.5. y mnh thng mi in t, thc y hot ng thanh ton th trn Internet

Cc dch v ngn hng in thoi, dch v ngn hng s dng my tnh c nhn (PC-Based Banking) gip khch hng c th giao dch vi ngn hng thng qua mng vi tnh ni trc tip ngn hng v khch hng. V c bit l dch v ngn hng thng qua mng Internet. Nhng cng c ny cng vi thnh tu ca cng ngh thng tin ang hnh thnh dch v ngn hng di ng (tc khch hng c th t bt c a im no thng qua mng vin thng truy cp h thng ngn hng v thc hin cc giao dch cn thit). Nhiu ngi trong gii chuyn mn nh gi cao tim nng loi dch v ngn hng o ny v d bo s c bc pht trin rt mnh trong nhng nm ti. Th trng ti cc trung tm mua sm pht trin mnh m trn cc a bn th to iu kiu thun li nu s dng cc my Pos ti nhng im ny. Thun tin cho ngi dn cng nhng a th thanh ton gn hn i sng ca ngi dn. c im ca h thng ngn hng o l: khng cn s tng quan gia khi lng dch v v s lng chi nhnh; khng cn phi chi ph u t cho mng li chi nhnh v gim thiu chi ph lao ng; c kh nng cung ng dch v bt c thi im no, v khch hng bt c ni u. H thng giao dch qua mng s gip cho ngn hng nng cao hiu qu kinh doanh (tnh bng h s chi ph trn thu nhp) v gim c chi ph nghip v. S liu phn tch chi ph giao dch v hiu qu kinh doanh cc ngn hng M trong vi nm gn y c th chng minh cho chng ta nh gi trn. Theo phn tch trn cho thy, vi trnh pht trin ca cng ngh thng tin Vit Nam hin nay, chng ta s c nhiu thun li trin khai vic thanh ton th ngn hng qua mng Internet. y s l mt tin ch b sung tnh hp dn ca dch v th ngn hng i vi khch hng. 3.2.2. Gii php vi m 3.2.2.1. Nng cao tnh hp dn ca dch v th

Tnh hp dn ca th l yu t quan trng thu ht khch hng p ng nhu cu ca h. Nhn chung cc loi th d u cng tm cch hng ti gc ti u, tuy nhin iu y khng phi lc no cng kh thi. Vy nn cn tm cch nng cao tnh hp dn ca th sao cho c ngn hng v khch hng u c li nht. C th l: - iu chnh mc k qu (i vi th tn dng): Hin nay, vic s dng ti khon c nhn cha pht trin, nn pht hnh th cn phi k qu, th chp ti sn, lm nh hng khng nh ti vic pht hnh th. V vy ngn hng cn tm ra mc k qu ph hp - iu chnh mc ph v li: Vi phn ng ngi Vit Nam hin nay, th ngn hng cn l sn phm l lm, h cha hiu v cha bit khai thc ht cc tin ch vn c ca th. Trong iu kin nh vy, vic quy nh mt mc ph vi li cao nh hin nay l khng hp l pht trin kinh doanh dch v th. Mc d mc ph, li ny hon ton tng xng vi tin ch m th mang li nhng khch hng vn cha hiu ht nn vic pht trin dch v th l rt kh khn. Tm thi, kin to mt th trng ban u, cc ngn hng c th xem xt gim bt mc ph, li p dng tng tnh hp dn i vi khch hng. Khi qu trnh kinh doanh i vo th n nh th s xem xt vic tng mc ph, li sau. Tuy nhin, i vi th tn dng quc t, ngn hng ch c th iu chnh li vay tn dng ch khng th iu chnh ph. - Ko di thi hn hiu lc ca th tn dng: Do yu cu qun l vic s dng th nn th tn dng ch c thi hn hiu lc trong vng 1 nm, khch hng mun s dng tip th phi xin gia hn th v ngn hng s in th mi cho khch hng. Nh vy, ngn hng phi mt thm chi ph in th mi v gi th, ngoi ra cn gy phin h cho khch hng khi phi i th lin tc (nht l khi khch hng ang nc ngoi m th b ht hiu lc). Hin nay, cc th ngn hng pht hnh ra th thi gian hiu lc v hn. Nhng vn cn mt s th c hay nhng ngn hng Agribank.

- a dng ha cc sn phm th: Nhu cu ca con ngi l v hn, vic p ng nhu cu cho mi ngi l s cn thit khi mun thu ht khch hng ca cc ngn hng. V vy, cc sn phm th cn phi p ng ng vi nhu cu thanh ton ca mi ngi. Ngoi vic y mnh lng th thanh ton th cc ngn hng cng trin khai cc dch v trn th thanh ton. Th hin ny khng cn ch rt tin m cc ngn hng cn cung cp cc dch v thanh ton nh + Mua xng - y l tin ch ni bt nht ca th Flexicard do Tng Cng ty Xng du Vit Nam (Petrolimex) v Ngn hng TMCP Xng du Petrolimex (PG Bank) mi a ra th trng. + Ngn hng u t v Pht trin Vit Nam (BIDV) v Jetstar Pacific cng thnh cng trong vic ng dng tin ch thanh ton tin v my bay thng qua h thng gn 1.000 my ATM ca BIDV. + Ngn hng TMCP Quc t (VIB) cng vi cng ty Mobivi v cng ty du lch Viettravel trin khai hnh thc thanh ton tour trc tuyn bng V in t Mobivi. Ngoi Viettravel, VIB k vi gn 20 doanh nghip khc trin khai loi hnh ny. + c bit l trin khai tr lng qua th ATM doanh nghip 3.2.2.2 Pht trin cc dch v th lin kt Hin nay vic m rng lin kt vi cc doanh nghip, cng ty hay cc t chc vi nhng dch v ph hp nhng cha tht s mnh m. V vy, cn c s khai thc vo y mnh trong lnh vc ny. c bit trong khu vc doanh nghip, cng ty hay t chc th c lng tin lu thng rt ln. Pht hnh Th cng ty (Business Card) Mc ch ca th cng ty phc v th trng khch hng l cc cng ty v doanh nghip ti Vit nam nhm gip cc cng ty qun l cht ch vic chi tiu ca nhn vin v mc ch chung ca cng ty trong kinh doanh. Hng thng, hng

qu v hng nm h s c cung cp nhng thng tin qun l mt cch tm tt v chi tit v s chi tiu ca tng nhn vin, tng b phn trong cng ty mnh. Hn na, cc cng ty c th s dng th thc hin thanh ton cho nhau vi cc gi tr giao dch tng i ln, hoc c th qun l tt hn cc chi tiu ca cng ty nh: vic mua sm thng xuyn, mua v my bay, thanh ton tin khch sn Ngn hng pht hnh th c th trin khai pht hnh loi th cng ty ny m khng cn s u t thm v mt cng ngh v my mc. Pht hnh Th lin kt vi cc t chc, cng ty (Co-Branded Card) Xu hng mi trn th gii hin nay l cc ngn hng v cc t chc, cng ty cng tham gia pht hnh Th. iu ny dn n mt thc t l cc nh pht hnh Th phi nhn nhn li vai tr ca Th khng ch l mt ngun thu nhp m cn l mt cng c hu hiu duy tr v pht trin mi quan h vi tt c cc khch hng. 3.2.2.3 Pht trin mng li c s chp nhn th u t nng cp cc thit b c th in t v trang b EDC ( electronic data capture ) cho 100% i l ngn hng gim chi ph giao dch v i li cho cc VCNT. Thnh lp nhm Marketing chuyn nghip v nng ng hn na trong khu tip th ti cc ca hng, khch snc nhu cu thanh ton cao lp t cc my EDC. p dng vic t ch tiu v doanh s cng nh v s lng i vi cn b lm cng tc pht trin th trng mang li hiu qu cao hn cng nh m bo s duy tr v pht trin th trng trong khu vc. Bo tr, nng cp h thng my mc ti trung tm, tng cng phi hp vi ngnh bu chnh vin thng m bo hot ng ca phn mm qun l v cp php chun chi c n nh, lin tc, chnh xc.

3.2.2.4 y mnh cng tc tip th v c chnh sch khch hng ph hp c mt chnh sch khch hng ph hp v hiu qu, ngn hng cn phi phn on th trng v xc nh i tng khch hng ca tng on th trng, c th: - i vi khch hng truyn thng: L nhng khch hng tng c quan h lu di vi ngn hng v c doanh s thanh ton th cao. Vi i tng khch hng ny, ngn hng cn c chnh sch u i c bit di hnh thc khuyn mi, trao thng hoc cung cp mt s u i khi khch hng s dng cc dch v khc ca ngn hng nh v tn dng, thanh ton xut nhp khu Do vy hin nay, h cn phi c chng trnh khuyn mi c th thng bo cho tng khch hng v thc hin mt cch thng xuyn, lin tc. Ngoi ra, cn phi lun thm hi, chm sc khch hng, c nh vy mi gi chn c khch hng. - i vi khch hng chin lc: ngn hng cn cng c v xy dng mi quan h vi cc i tc chin lc gm: Hng hng khng, Tng cng ty bu chnh vin thng Vit Nam, cc hng bo him nh Bo Vit, Prudential, AIA, Tng cng ty xng du, cc cng ty du lch, l hnh, cc cng ty thng mi dch v. Trc ht, y l nhng cng ty ln, hot ng kinh doanh c uy tn, thu nhp ca nhn vin cao v n nh nn trc tin ngn hng c th khai thc i tng khch hng s dng th l nhn vin ca chnh cc cng ty ny. Ngoi ra, y l nhng cng ty hot ng trong lnh vc cung cp dch v tiu dng cho c nhn v c lu lng giao dch ln, nn ta c th chn lm i l thanh ton th hoc a im t my ATM. Vi khch hng ny, cn khn trng t vn cung cp dch v th vi h, gii thch cho h hiu r nhng tin ch m th mang li, ng thi cng phi c chnh sch khuyn mi hp dn trong giai on u khi h s dng dch v th ca ngn hng. - i vi khch hng tim nng: l nhng khch hng trong tng lai s s dng dch v th, gm hc sinh, sinh vin, y l i tng c trnh hiu bit v cng ngh hin i v nm bt nhanh nhng tin ch ca nn cng ngh

ng dng. Tuy nhin, hin ti h cha c thu nhp nn cha c nhu cu s dng dch v th. Chc chn trong tng lai h s l khch hng tch cc s dng dch v th. Vi i tng ny, ngn hng nn dng hnh thc tuyn truyn kin thc v dch v th thng qua cc kho ni chuyn chuyn h c kin thc v to c hnh nh v th. 3.2.2.5. Cc ngn hng kt hp xy dng h thng ATM lin kt Thi gian qua, c nhng n lc ci tin cng ngh, a dng cc dch v ngn hng, nhng vic t mi ngn hng vn ng m khng c s hp tc lm gim hiu qu u t. Do , cc ngn hng cn lin kt xy dng mt h thng ATM chung tng tnh hiu qu khng nhng cho khch hng m cn cho bn thn tng ngn hng. C th l cc ngn hng s phi hp xy dng phn mm chung cho cc my ATM, cho php khch hng c th ca bt k ngn hng no cng c th rt tin v thc hin cc dch v ti my ATM ca ngn hng khc, sau cc ngn hng s t thc hin thanh ton b tr vi nhau. Vi gii php ny, s my ATM ca mi ngn hng s tng gp nhiu ln so vi s thc trang b ca mi ngn hng, nu mi ngn hng trang b 100 my ATM, 5 ngn hng s c 500 my v khch hng ca mi ngn hng c th s dng c trn 500 my . Nh vy, khch hng c li vi h thng ATM rng khp, mi ngn hng cng c li, m trc ht l gim chi ph u t ban u (thng thng gi my ATM l 30 000 USD/chic). Khi h thng ATM c lin kt li, cc ngn hng s cnh tranh nhau v gi, cht lng dch v, c nh vy mi ci thin c mi trng cnh tranh v dch v th s c iu kin pht trin, to c nim tin cho khch hng. Tuy nhin, vic lin kt gia cc ngn hng nh vy i hi trnh ca h thng thanh ton gia cc ngn hng phi tng ng nhau. Vy trong thi gian ti, vi vic trin khai xong d n hin i ho ngn hng v h thng thanh ton ng lot 4 ngn hng thng mi quc doanh v 2 ngn hng TMCP th vn t ra y s l kh thi.

Hin nay, th trng th Vit Nam c 3 h thng lin kt vi cc ngn hng nh h thng VNBC, h thng Banknetvn, h thng Smartlink. Nhng yu cu y l vic thnh lp mt h thng thanh ton th thanh ton lin kt. Mun sm i vo thc t khng nhng cn s tham gia nhit tnh ca cc ngn hng m cn cn s ch huy ca mt nhc trng, l Ngn hng Nh nc hoc Hip hi th Vit Nam. 3.2.2.6. Gii php v k thut - cng ngh Vic qu ti mng, ng truyn trc trc xy ra thng xuyn s nh hng khng nh n ngi s dng. Gii php hn ch cc s c l u t nng cp h thng x l mi tng tc x l cho ph hp. Ngn hng cn c ng truyn d phng tt nht l s dng ring. Cht lng giao dch ATM ph thuc nhiu vo ng truyn, vic nng cao cht lng ng truyn cn c ci thin. Ngoi ra Ngn hng cn tng cng hn na tnh nng cho th. Th ATM c nhiu tnh nng s thu ht c nhiu i tng s dng hn. Mc tiu ca cc ngn hng Vit Nam trong thi gian ti l pht trin dch v th, da trn c s cng ngh hin i, ngoi ra cn hng ti phc v khch hng cc my ATM th h mi c ci tin mu m, tnh nng. Nu nh cc dng my ATM trc y ch c tnh nng chnh l rt tin, th nay c thm multimedia (nhc, ting ng), mn hnh mu sc sinh ng v thm rt nhiu tnh nng C loi c tch hp thm camera hoc gng theo di pha sau, m bo an ton cho ngi s dng. 3.2.2.7. Gii php v c cu t chc v trnh nhn s Khc vi cc nghip v truyn thng, kinh doanh th ngn hng l mt nghip v mi m, i hi cn b cn c thm nhng hiu bit ring bit v mng thanh ton, trnh tin hc, hiu bit v h thng x l s liu v truyn dn, cng nh trnh giao tip v hiu bit v lut l lin h gii quyt tranh chp vi cc t chc th quc t cng nh ngn hng pht hnh hay ngn hng thanh ton trn ton cu. c bit vi sc p th trng ngy cng tng, yu cu x l cng

vic nhanh gn, chnh xc cng i hi cc cn b th phi hc hi nhiu hn na. V vy cc ngn hng c th: - Thnh lp mt b phn nghin cu v pht trin sn phm chuyn bit gm mt s cn b ca phng Th v Trung tm tin hc, thc hin chc nng nghin cu m rng cc tin ch sn phm cng nh nghin cu cc sn phm th mi. - o to kin thc c bn v tin hc v cng ngh thng tin cho cn b nghip v th, trong ch trng b phn qun l ri ro v b phn nghin cu pht trin. i vi b phn qun l ri ro, cc cn b ny phi lin tc cp nht cc thng tin v th gi mo qua h thng mng hoc cc phng tin truyn thng quc t c kin thc ph bin cho cc c s chp nhn th phng nga, hn ch bt ri ro c th xy ra. - T chc o to cn b tip th m bo c kin thc marketing cn thit v dch v th. i ng tip th ny phi c chng trnh chm sc khch hng thng xuyn, c bit i vi cc c s chp nhn th truyn thng lng nghe kin khch hng nhm phc v ngy mt tt hn. Nht l trong iu kin ang ngy cng c nhiu ngn hng tham gia cung cp dch v th th vic tranh ginh khch rt d xy ra. - nh k, t chc cc lp tp hun v nghip v th cp nht cc ng dng mi ca dch v th v trao i cc vn mi pht sinh cho cn b x l nghip v. - Xy dng tiu ch nh gi trnh nghip v v tc x l cng vic ca cc nhn vin theo tng b phn x l cng vic nh thi gian duyt h s pht hnh th, thi gian gi th cho khch hng, thi gian tr li thng tin v ti khon nhm to cho khch hng s hi lng nht. Chng 4: KT LUN V KIN NGH 4.1 Kt lun

Tm li, vic thanh ton bng th nc ta vn cn nhiu hn ch, ngi dn vn gi thi quen dng tin mt. Tin mt vn l phng tin thanh ton ch yu ca cc doanh nghip v chim i a s trong cc giao dch v khu vc dn c. t nm 2001 n nay, t trng tin mt c s dng trong thanh ton so vi tng phng tin thanh ton nm 2001 l 23,7%; nm 2004 l 20,3%; nm 2005 l 19%; nm 2006 l 17,21%, nm 2007 l 16,36%, nm 2008 l 14,6%... Tuy t trng hng nm gim nhng cn mc cao hn so vi th gii. Bi ton nng cao t trng thanh ton khng s dng tin mt Vit Nam vn lun cn mt cu tr li xc ng nht khng ch t pha ngn hng nh nc,khng ch t pha chnh ph m phi l s kt hp tng th ca tt c cc ngnh cc cp, doanh nghip c th tr li cu hi mt cch nhanh v chnh xc nht. Thi quen dng tin mt l mt thi quen khng d b Vit Nam,tuy nhin bn cnh vn c cc yu t cc tc ng n, lm cho thi quen kh b li cng kh b hn. D nhn thy 3 yu t c bn nht lm cho vic thanh ton tin mt nc ta cn rt ph bin: Th nht, c s h tng v cng ngh thng tin nc ngoi rt y . Bi vy, hu nh tt c cc ca hng, thm ch trong trng hc h u c my thanh ton tin trc tuyn. iu ny Vit Nam cha hi iu kin. Mt khc lut php ca Vit Nam cha c quy nh no bt buc cc c s kinh doanh phi c my thanh ton Th hai,hy nhn v vn thu nhp cc nc kinh t pht trin, ngi dn c thu nhp u v cao, do s d tin gi trn ti khon thanh ton l khon tin n nh v kh ln, s tin ny c gi l khon vn vng lai trong hot ng ngn hng. Do ngn hng c th s dng mt phn s tin kinh doanh, nn khi ngi s dng ti khon thanh ton th ch phi tr mt khon ph rt nh hoc thm ch bng khng. Dng tin mt "r hn" tin th l hon ton

ng vi Vit Nam. Trn thc t cc ngn hng thng mi Vit Nam s kh c th a ra gi thnh r hn. Th ba, v thi quen ngi tiu dng v trnh nhn thc mt phn do ngi dn v mt phn do c Ngn hng Nh nc cn cha quan tm n vic khuyn khch ngi dn dng th thanh ton. 4.2 Kin ngh 4.2.1 i Vi Cc Ngn Hng Thng Mi C s vt cht ca nhiu NHTM cn nhiu yu km do khng c nhiu vn u t trang b my mc thit b v cng ngh nn khi thc hin cng tc thanh ton gia cc t chc kinh t thng chm tr, nh hng n chu chuyn vn ca nn kinh t ni chung v tng doanh nghip, c nhn ni ring, v vy h la chn phng thc thanh ton bng tin mt. Thi gian gn y, trc s i hi ca th trng v cnh tranh trong dch v ngn hng, tnh hnh u t v ng dng cng ngh thng tin trong ngnh Ngn hng c ci thin. nng cao cht lng phc v v v th ca ngn hng trn th trng th thanh ton nhm thu ht khch hng cho mnh th trc mt cc ngn hng phi tch cc nng cao nhng tin ch cho th thanh ton, hon thin dn nhng tin ch m th thanh ton cn thiu st do nhng vng mc trong vic lin kt gia cc ngn hng v cc cng ty dch v c lin quan. khc phc tnh trng th ca ngn hng no ch s dng my ca ngn hng hn ch tnh trng qa ti nh hin nay. th trng th thanh ton ca Vit Nam pht trin ng tim nng mt cch n nh v bn vng th cc ngn hng thng mi Vit Nam cn c nhng chin lc pht trin xa hn khng ch nhm mc ch chim lnh th trng m cn nng cao tnh cnh tranh vi cc ngn hng nc ngoi. Trc mt cc ngn hng nn tip cn cc doanh nghip nh nc, cc cng ty c phn, nh my, cc trng cao ng v i hc gii thiu tng quan v th, nhng tin ch ca th n tng i tng c nhu cu.

1.2.2 i Vi Ngn Hng Trung ng Ngn hng Nh nc khng nn ch cho ngn hng thng mi quc doanh c quyn kinh doanh hot ng thanh ton th. Theo kinh nghim in hnh ca Nht Bn, Cng ty Dch v Tit kim ca Tng cng ty Bu chnh Vin thng Vit Nam c rt nhiu iu kin thun li pht trin thanh ton th Vit Nam. Cc quy nh v hn mc thanh ton bng tin mt d l cc khon chi thuc NSNN, doanh nghip nh nc, doanh nghip dn doanh hoc cc khon thanh ton khc nn thng nht mt mc chung, v d mc bng thu thu nhp c nhn, khng nhng to c s cng bng gia c nhn, t chc trong v ngoi nh nc m c th thc y lnh vc dch v ngn hng bn l gp phn m rng thanh ton khng dng tin mt. Khuyn khch cc ngn hng thng mi trch mt phn vn iu l ang c Chnh ph xem xt tng cho ngn hng thng mi quc doanh u t vo mng li thanh ton th. 1.2.3 i Vi Chnh Ph Chnh ph nn c quy nh bt buc cc c s bn hng, dch v c s vn ln, nh cc siu th, phi trang b thit b thanh ton th. Xt trn kha cnh ti chnh chng tht thu thu, y c th l gii php rt hiu qu v cng nh pht trin vic s dng th thanh ton Cn sm xc nh v thng nht quan im hon thin, xy dng c ch chnh sch v t chc, qun l, iu hnh h thng thanh ton trong ton b nn kinh t x hi. Khng ch dng li h thng thanh ton qua ngn hng, sm ban hnh lut thanh ton s dng tng th phm vi v i tng thanh ton. Phi c nhng kch thch mang tnh n by khuyn khch thanh ton khng dng tin mt. ng dng cng ngh thanh ton hin i, tp trung, tng thch ngang tm trong phm vi ton quc vi trung tm thanh ton l ngn hng trung ng. y l vn ht sc quan trng mang tnh quyt nh cho s pht trin ca h thng

1.2.4 i Vi Cc Ngnh Cc Cp Trc mt pha ti chnh nn min khon thu thu nhp t hot ng kinh doanh thanh ton cho cc ngn hng thng mi.iu ny gip cho cc ngn hng mnh dn u t vo cc loi th thanh ton hn Cn c s ng h cho ngnh ngn hng thng qua vic chi tr lng cho cn b cng nhn vin qua h thng ngn hng. T , c nhn c th s dng cc dch v ngn hng hin i nh cc loi th thanh ton. Cc c quan cung cp in, nc, ga, vin thng cn h tr cho ngn hng trong vic thanh ton chi tr cho cc loi tin dch v ny, chuyn khon qua ti khon ngn hng. Cc trng hc, hc vin, trng i hc cn h tr tuyn truyn cho sinh vin m ti khon ti cc ngn hng v s dng th thanh ton.C nh vy mi to iu kin, khuyn khch khch hng c nhn s dng th thanh ton. c bit, Tng cng ty Bu chnh Vin thng cn u t xy dng v gim chi ph thu bao ng truyn thanh ton trc tuyn cho cc ca hng.

TI LIU THAM KHO

Euromonitor International - Euromonitor Hip hi ngn hng Vit Nam Bo tui tr: Bo thanh nin: Ngn hng Ngoi Thng Vit Nam: Ngn Hng ng : Ngn Hng Nng Nghip http://www.euromonitor.com/ http://www.vnba.org.vn/ www.tuoitre.com.vn www.thanhnien.com.vn www.vietcombank.com.vn www.eab.com.vn www.Agribank.com.vn

Si Gn Cng Thng Ngn hng: V cc trang web:

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V cc ti liu tham kho khc. CHNG 3: MT S GII PHP PHT TRIN HOT NG THANH TON TH TI CC NGN HNG THNG MI VIT NAM .............12