Chuyen e 2:

PHNG TRNH VA BAT PHNG TRNH

CHA GIA TR TUYET OI
TOM TAT GIAO KHOA
I. nh ngha va cac tnh chat c ban :
x neu x 0
1. nh ngha: x =
x neu x < 0
2. Tnh chat :
2
x 0 , x = x2

( x R)

a+b a + b

ab a + b

a + b = a + b a.b 0

a b = a + b a.b 0

II. Cac nh ly c ban :

A = B A2 = B2
A > B A2 > B2

a) nh ly 1 : Vi A 0 va B 0 th :
b) nh ly 2 : Vi A 0 va B 0 th :

III. Cac phng trnh va bat phng trnh cha gia tr tuyet oi c ban & cach giai :
* Dang 1 : A = B A 2 = B 2 ,

A = B A = B

B 0
* Dang 2 : A = B 2
,
2
A = B

B 0
A =B
A = B

* Dang 3 : A > B A 2 > B 2 ,

A > B ( A + B)( A B) > 0

* Dang 4:

B > 0
A <B 2
,
2
A < B

B > 0
A <B
,
B < A < B

11

A 0

A = B
A =B
A < 0

A = B

A 0

A < B
A<B
A < 0

A < B

B < 0

A > B B 0
A 2 > B 2

* Dang 5:

B < 0

A > B B 0

A < B A > B

IV. Cac cach giai phng trnh cha gia tr tuyet oi thng s dung :
* Phng phap 1 :
V du :

Bien oi ve dang c ban

Giai cac phng trnh sau :

1) x 2 x 2 = x 2 + 2 x
4) 2 x 3 =

1
x

* Phng phap 2 :
V du :

5)

2) 2 x 2 3 x 2 + 2 x 2 + 8 x + 3 = 0

2x + 4
x2 +1

=2

3x + 1

6)

10 x 2 + 1

2
2

3) x 2 4 x + 3 = x + 3
7)

x 2 2x + 1 = x 2 2x + 1

S dung phng phap chia khoang

Giai cac phng trnh sau :

1) x 2 + x 3 = 4

2)

3
= x+3
x 4 1

V. Cac cach giai bat phng trnh cha gia tr tuyet oi thng s dung :
* Phng phap 1 :
V du :

Bien oi ve dang c ban

Giai cac bat phng trnh sau :

1) x 2 5 x < 6

* Phng phap 2 :
V du :

2) x 2 5 x + 9 < x 6

S dung phng phap chia khoang

Giai bat phng trnh sau :

x 1 + 2 x > 3 x

-------------------Het-----------------

12

3) x 2 2x + x 2 4 > 0