Thiet Ke Cao Oc Citilight

Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
CHNG 1
THIET KE CHIEU SANG
1.1
CAC VAN E CHUNG VE THIET KE CHIEU SANG:

-
Chieu sang lam viec: dung e am bao s lam

viec, hoat ong bnh thng cua ngi, vat va
phng tien van chuyen khi khong co hoac thieu
anh sang t nhien.
Chieu sang s co: cho phep van tiep tuc lam viec
trong mot thi gian hoac am bao s an toan cua
ngi i ra khoi nha khi he chieu sang lam viec b
h hong hay b s co.
Chieu sang an toan: e phan tan ngi (trong nha

hoac ngoai tri) can thiet nhng loi i lai, nhng
ni trong x nghiep va cong cong co hn 50 ngi,
nhng cau thang cac toa nha co t 6 tang tr len,
nhng phan xng co hn 50 ngi va nhng ni
khac hn 100 ngi.
Chieu sang bao ve: can thiet trong em tai cac

cong trnh xay dng hoac nhng ni san xuat.
1.1.1 LA CHON CAC THONG SO:

a/ Chon nguon sang:
chon nguon sang theo cac tieu chuan sau ay:
-
Nhiet o mau c chon theo bieu o Kruithof.
Ch so mau.
Viec s dung tang cng va gian oan cua a

iem.
Tuoi tho cua en.
Quang hieu en.
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
b/ La chon he thong chieu sang:

e thiet ke chieu sang trong nha, thng s dung cac
phng thc chieu sang sau:
-
He 1 (he chieu sang chung):
He 2 (he chieu sang hon hp):.

c/ Chon cac thiet b chieu sang:
S la chon TBCS phai da tren ieu kien sau:

-
Tnh chat cua moi trng xung quanh.
Cac yeu cau ve s phan bo anh sang va s giam

choi.
Cac phng an kinh te.

d/ Chon o roi E:
Viec chon o roi phu thuoc vao cac yeu to sau:

-
Loai cong viec, kch thc cac vat, s sai biet cua
vat va hau canh.
Mc o cang thang cua cong viec.
La tuoi ngi s dung.
He chieu sang, loai nguon sang la chon.

e/ Chon he so d tr k (he so bu d):
Trong thiet ke chieu sang, khi tnh cong suat can phai
chu y trong qua trnh van hanh cua he chieu sang, gia tr
o roi tren mat phang lam viec giam. Nhng nguyen
nhan chnh lam giam o roi E la: giam quang thong cua
nguon sang trong qua trnh lam viec, giam hieu suat cua
en khi TBCS, tng, tran b ban. Nh vay, khi tnh cong suat
nguon sang e am bao gia tr tieu chuan tren mat
phang lam viec trong qua trnh van hanh cua TBCS can
phai cho them mot he so tnh en s giam o roi E. He
so o goi la he so d tr k (Lien Xo cu) hay he so bu d
(Phap).
1.1.2 PHNG PHAP TNH TOAN CHIEU SANG:
Co nhieu phng phap tnh toan chieu sang nh:
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
Lien Xo co cac phng phap tnh toan chieu sang

sau:
+ Phng phap he so s dung.
+ Phng phap cong suat rieng.
+ Phng phap iem.
My co cac phng phap tnh toan chieu sang sau:

+ Phng phap quang thong.
+ Phng phap iem.
Con Phap th co cac phng phap tnh toan chieu

sang sau:
+ Phng phap he so s dung.
+ Phng phap iem.
va ca phng phap tnh toan chieu sang bang cac pham

mem chieu sang.
Tnh toan chieu sang theo phng phap he so s dung
[2] gom co cac bc:
1/ Nghien cu oi tng chieu sang.
2/ La chon o roi yeu cau.
3/ Chon he chieu sang.
4/ Chon nguon sang.
5/ Chon bo en.
6/ La chon chieu cao treo en:
Tuy theo: ac iem cua oi tng, loai cong viec, loai
bong en, s giam choi, be mat lam viec. Ta co the
phan bo cac en sat tran (h=0) hoac cach tran mot
khoang h. Chieu cao be mat lam viec co the tren o cao
0.8 m so vi san (mat ban) hoac ngay tren san tuy theo
cong viec. Khi o o cao treo en so vi be mat lam viec:
htt= H - h-0.8 (vi H: chieu cao t san en tran).
(1.1)
Can chu y rang chieu cao htt oi vi en huynh quang
khong c vt qua 4 m, neu khong o sang tren be mat
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
lam viec khong u. Con oi vi cac en thuy ngan cao

ap, en halogen kim loai nen treo tren o cao t 5m tr
len e tranh choi.
7/ Xac nh cac thong so ky thuat anh sang:
- Tnh ch so a iem: ac trng cho kch thc hnh
hoc cua a iem
K =
ab
htt ( a + b)
(1.2)
Vi: a,b chieu dai va rong cua can phong; h tt chieu
cao h tnh toan
- Tnh he so bu: da vao bang phu luc 7 cua tai
lieu [2].
- Tnh ty so treo:
j=
h'
h'+htt
(1.3)
Vi: h chieu cao t be mat en en tran.
Xac nh he so s dung:
Da tren cac thong so: loai bo en, ty so treo,
ch so a iem, he so phan xa tran, tng, san ta
tra gia tr he so s dung trong cac bang do cac nha
che tao cho san.
8/ Xac nh quang thong tong yeu cau: tong =
E tc Sd
U
(1.4)
Trong o:
Etc o roi la chon theo tieu chuan
(lux)
S dien tch be mat lam viec (m2).
d he so bu.
tong quang thong tong cac bo en (lm).
9/ Xac nh so bo en:
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
N boden =
tong
cacbong
/ 1bo
(1.5)
Kiem tra sai so quang thong:
% =
N boden . cacbong / 1bo tong

tong
.100 %
(1.6)
Trong thc te sai so t 10% en 20% th chap
nhan c.
10/ Phan bo cac bo en da tren cac yeu to:
-
Phan bo cho o roi ong eu va tranh choi, ac

iem kien truc cua oi tng, phan bo o ac.
Thoa man cac yeu cau ve khoang cach toi a gia

cac day va gia cac en trong mot day, de dang
van hanh va bao tr.
11/ Kiem tra o roi trung bnh tren be mat lam viec:
Etb =
N boden .cacbong
/ 1bo
.U
Sd
(1.7)
Tren ay la phan ly thuyet ve tnh toan chieu
sang theo phng phap im
1.2
TNH TOAN CHIEU SANG:
V ac trng cua toa nha Vincom Center la cao oc van

phong,thng mi,bi u xe nen ta chon tang hm 6, tng 1, tng
6 la khu e ap dung tnh toan chieu sang vi bai toan cu
the sau:
TNH TOAN CHIEU SANG TANG 2
Van phong
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
1 Kch thc: chieu dai
a = 42.8
(m);
chieu rong b= 7.5
(m);
dien tch
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
S= 321
(m2)
2 tran: vang creme
He so phan xa tran
tng: vang nhat
tr= 0.7
He so phan xa tng
san: gach
He so phan xa san
3 o roi yeu cau:
tg= 0.5
lv= 0.2
Etc= 300 (lx)
4 Chon he chieu sang: chung eu

5 Chon khoang nhiet o mau:Tm= 4000
(0K) theo o th
ng cong Kruithof.
6 Chon bong en: loai: Multiclaude optique haut rendement
Ra= 85
Pm=36
(w)
= 3450 (lm)
Tm=
4000 (0K)
7 Chon bo en:
loai: CFR 340
hieu suat:100%
So en /1 bo:3
quang thong cac
bong/1bo:3x3450 (lm)
8 Phan bo cac bo en:
cach tran h= 0
(m); be mat
lam viec: 0.8 (m)

Chieu cao treo en so vi be mat lam
viec: htt= 2 (m)
ab
9 Ch so a iem: K = h (a + b) = 3.19
tt
10 He so bu: d =1.25
11 Ty so treo:
j=
h'
h'+htt
=0
12 He so s dung: U=0.77
13 Quang thong tong :
tong =
E tc Sd
= 156331 (lm)
U
tong
14 Xac nh so bo en: N boden =
= 15.1
cacbong / 1bo
Chon so bo en: Nboden= 15
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
15 Kiem tra sai so quang thong:

% =

tong
.100 % = -0.007
Ket luan: thoa yeu cau

16 Kiem tra o roi trung bnh tren be mat lam viec:
Etb =
N boden .cacbong
/ 1bo
.U
Sd
= 298 (lx)
Do cach bo tr cua mat bang xay dng nen khu vc van

phong chia ra lam nhieu khu nho. Nhng yeu cau ve chieu
sang va cach bo tr cua cac phan hoan toan tng t nhau
nen tnh gan ung ta co ket qua cac khu vc nho cua
van phong nh sau:
a = 18.1
(m);
chieu rong b= 4.3
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 77.83
(m2)
= > So bo en can bo tr cho khu vc nay la : N bo en=
5
a = 14.4
(m); chieu rong b= 11.5
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 165.6
(m2)
9
a = 7.8
(m);
chieu rong b= 3.3
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 25.74
(m2)
2
(m)
a = 14.1
(m);
chieu rong b= 4.3
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 60.63
(m2)
3
a = 14.4
(m);
chieu rong b= 7.5
(m);
dien tch
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
S= 108
(m2)
6
a = 7.8
(m);
chieu rong b= 3.3
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 25.74
(m2)
2
Tong so bo en cung cap cho khu vc van phong tang 2 la
Ntongboen = 42 bo (3x36W)
Khu ve sinh
a = 6
(m);
chieu rong b= 6
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 36
(m2)
2 tran: vang creme
tng: vang nhat
san: gach
3 o roi yeu cau:
He so phan xa tran
He so phan xa tng
He so phan xa san
tr= 0.7
tg= 0.5
lv= 0.2
Etc= 150 (lx)

ng cong Kruithof.
6 Chon bong en: loai: compact
(0K) theo o th
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
R a= 85
Pm=18 (w)
=1300 (lm) Tm=
4000 (0K)
7 Chon bo en:
So en /1 bo:1
quang thong cac
bong/1bo:1300 (lm)
cach tran h= 0
(m); be mat
lam viec: 0.8 (m)

viec: htt= 2 (m)
ab
9 Ch so a iem: K = h (a + b) =1.5
tt
10 He so bu: d =1.25
11 Ty so treo:
j=
h'
h'+htt
=0
E tc Sd
=10385 (lm)
U
tong =
tong
= 7.9
cacbong / 1bo

% =

tong
.100 % = 0.001

Etb =
N boden .cacbong
/ 1bo
Sd
.U
= 150.2 (lx)

Khu vc hanh lang
a = 21
(m);
chieu rong
b=
4.5 (m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 94.5
(m2)
2 tran: vang creme
He so phan xa tran
tr= 0.7
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
tng: vang nhat
He so phan xa tng
san: gach
He so phan xa san
3 o roi yeu cau:
tg= 0.5
lv= 0.2
Etc= 150 (lx)

(0K) theo o th
ng cong Kruithof.
Ra= 85
Pm=18 (w)
=1300 (lm) Tm=
4000 (0K)
7 Chon bo en:
So en /1 bo:1
quang thong cac
bong/1bo:1300 (lm)
cach tran h= 0
(m); be mat
lam viec: 0.8 (m)

viec: htt= 2 (m)
ab
9 Ch so a iem: K = h (a + b) =1.85
tt
10 He so bu: d =1.25
11 Ty so treo:
j=
h'
h'+htt
=0
E tc Sd
=24956 (lm)
U
tong =
tong
= 19.19
cacbong / 1bo

% =

tong
.100 % = 0.04

Etb =
N boden .cacbong
Sd
/ 1bo
.U
= 156 (lx)
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
Do cach bo tr cua mat bang xay dng nen khu vc hanh

lang chia ra lam nhieu khu nho. Nhng yeu cau ve chieu
sang va cach bo tr cua cac phan hoan toan tng t nhau
nen tnh gan ung ta co ket qua cac khu vc nho cua
hanh lang nh sau:
a=9
(m);
chieu rong b= 1.6
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 14.4
(m2)
5
a=8
(m);
chieu rong b= 1.6
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 12.8
(m2)
5
Tong so bo en chieu sang cho khu vc hanh lang la
Nboen= 30
Khu Lobby, cau thang
a =11
(m);
chieu rong b= 4.5
(m)
chieu cao H = 2.8
(m);
dien tch
S= 49.5
(m2)
2 tran: vang creme
tng: vang nhat
san: gach
3 o roi yeu cau:
He so phan xa tran
He so phan xa tng
He so phan xa san
Etc= 150 (lx)
tr= 0.7
tg= 0.5
lv= 0.2
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
(0K) theo o th
ng cong Kruithof.
Ra= 85
Pm=18 (w)
=1300 (lm) Tm=
4000 (0K)
7 Chon bo en:
So en /1 bo:1
quang thong cac
bong/1bo:1300 (lm)
cach tran h= 0
(m); be mat
lam viec: 0.8 (m)

viec: htt= 2 (m)
ab
9 Ch so a iem: K = h (a + b) =1.6
tt
10 He so bu: d =1.25
11 Ty so treo:
j=
h'
h'+htt
=0
E tc Sd
=14279 (lm)
U
tong =
tong
= 10.9
cacbong / 1bo

% =

tong
.100 % = 0.001

Etb =
N boden .cacbong
Sd
/ 1bo
.U
= 150.2 (lx).
Tnh toan tng t cho cac tang ham, tang 1 va tang mai.
Ta co bang ket qua sau:
Chng 1
Thiet ke
chieu sang
THONG SO KY THUAT HE THONG CHIEU SANG CHO CAC KHONG GIAN
1/ CHIEU SANG TRONG NHA
Tan
g
(1)
HA
M
V tr
chieu
sang
(2)
Phong
quan
ly1
Phong
quan
ly 2
Phong
at
may
bm
Phong
tu ien
chnh
Khu e
xe
Exit
Emergen
cy
O1
Khu
thng
mai
Tm(0K
)
Loai
bong
en
Ra
(lm
)
Loai
mang
en
(3)
o
roi
Yeu
cau
Erc(lu
x)
(4)
(5)
(6)
(7)
(8)
(9)
Ma
hieu
san
pham
(10)
18(3x6)
300
4000
Huynh
quang 36w
85
3450
2 bong
18(3x6)
300
4000
Huynh
quang 36w
85
3450
16(4x4)
150
2700
Huynh
quang 36w
85
16(4x4)
150
2700
Huynh
quang 36w
1216(42.8x2
8.4)
150
2700
Huynh
quang 36w
Dien tch
(m2)
Bong en
So
bo
e
n
Tong
cong
suat
(KW)
(11)
(12)
CFR240
0.172
2 bong
CFR240
0.172
3250
2 bong
CFR 240
0.086
85
3250
2 bong
CFR 240
0.086
85
3250
2 bong
CFR 240
43
3.715
0.015
11
0.11
48
4.356
6.221
2
3w
mat
2
2x5w
bong
Tong cong suat chieu sang tang Ham P
(42.8x25.6)
300
4000
Huynh
85
3450 3 bong
quang 36w
CFR340
Chng 1
chieu sang
Khu
ve sinh
kho
Van
phong
02
Hanh
lang
Khu
ve sinh
Lobby,
cau
thang
Thang
may
Thiet ke
Compact
85
1300 1 bong
18w
Huynh
(6.8x4)
150
2700
85
3450 3 bong
quang 36w
Tong cong suat chieu sang tang 01 P
(10.9x4)
150
2700
784.54
300
4000
121.7
150
2700
36
150
2700
49.5
150
2700
150
2700
Huynh
quang 36w
85
3450
3 bong
85
1300
85
Compact
18w
Huynh
quang 36w
Compact
18w
Compact
18w
0.18
0.126
6.527
42
5.443
1 bong
30
0.54
1300
1 bong
0.144
85
3450
1 bong
CFR340
11
0.475
85
3450
1 bong
CFR140
0.144
CFR340
2
3w
3
mat
Emergen
2
2x5w
17
cy
bong
Tong cong suat chieu sang tang 02 P
Ghi chu: t tang 03 en tang 14 th chieu sang tng t nh tang 02.
Phong
Huynh
gen ky
7.5x7.5
300
4000
85
3450 2 bong CFR240
4
quang 36w
thuat
Phong
ky
Huynh
thuat
7.5x7.5
300
4000
85
3450 2 bong CFR240 4x3
quang 36w
thang
may
Exit
TA
NG
MAI
CFR340
19
Tong cong suat chieu sang tang Mai P
0.09
0.17
7.006
0.129
0.389
0.518
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
Tong cong suat chieu sang trong nha cua toa nha P
102.5
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
Chu thch:
Cot (3) dien tch khong gian chieu sang: c o tren
mat bang.
Cot (4) o roi yeu cau Etc: tra bang tieu chuan trong
tai lieu [2].
Cot (5) chon nhiet o mau: da vao o roi yeu cau,
tra tai lieu [2].
Cot (6), (7), (8) tra tai lieu [2].
Cot (9), (10) da vao catalogue Lighting cua Comet [10].
Cot (12) = cot (6) x cot (9) x cot (11)
2/ CHIEU SANG NGOAI NHA
Chc nang
en pha chieu
sang mat ng
trc
en pha chieu
sang mat ng
sau
en pha chieu
sang mat hong
trai
en pha chieu
sang mat hong
phai
en chieu sang
am nen
en trang tr
ap tng loi
vao
en pha chieu
sang bang hieu
en chieu sang
mat tien
en ng
Cong suat
So lng
Tong cong
suat
250w
150w
35
12
8.75
1.8
250w
150w
25
13
6.25
1.95
250w
150w
21
6
5.25
0.9
250w
150w
21
5
5.25
0.75
70w
10
0.7
70w
12
0.84
150w
10
1.5
70w
12
0.84
250w
2.25
Chng 1
chieu sang
Thiet ke
Chng 2
tnh toan
Phu tai
CHNG 2
CHIA NHOM PHU TAI VA XAC NH PHU TAI
TNH TOAN
2.1 LY THUYET VE TNH TOAN PHU TAI:
2.1.5 Xac nh phu tai tnh toan:
a/ Mot so khai niem:
- He so s dung Ksd: la t so cua phu tai tnh toan
trung bnh vi cong suat at hay cong suat nh mc cua
thiet b trong mot khoang thi gian khao sat (gi, ca, hoac
ngay em,)
+ oi vi mot thiet b:
ksd =
Ptb
Pdm
(2.1)
n
+ oi vi mot nhom thiet b: Ksd
Ptbn hom
=P
=
dm
P
i =1
n
tbi
dmi
i =1
k
i =1
sdi
Pdmi
P
i =1
(2.2)
dmi
He so s dung noi len mc s dung, mc o khai

thac cong suat cua thiet b trong khoang thi gian cho xem
xet.
- He so ong thi Kt: la t so gia cong suat tac
dung tnh toan cc ai tai nut khao sat cua he thong cung
cap ien vi tong cac cong suat tac dung tnh toan cc
ai cua cac nhom ho tieu thu rieng biet (hoac cac nhom
thiet b) noi vao nut o:
Chng 2
tnh toan
Phu tai
Ptt
Kt =
P
i =1
(2.3)
tti
He so ong thi phu thuoc vao so cac
phan t n i vao nhom

Kt = 0.9 0.95 khi so phan t n = 2 4
Kt = 0.8 0.85 khi so phan t n = 5 10
- He so cc ai Kmax : la t so gia phu tai tnh toan
va phu tai trung bnh trong thi gian xem xet.
Kmax =
(2.4)
Ptt
Ptb
He so cc ai thng c tnh vi ca lam
viec co phu tai ln nhat.

He so Kmax phu thuoc vao so thiet b hieu qua nhq
(hoac Nhq), vao he so s dung va hang loat cac yeu to
khac ac trng cho che o lam viec cua cac thiet b ien
trong nhom. Trong thc te khi tnh toan thiet ke ngi ta chon
Kmax theo ng cong Kmax= f(Ksd,nhq), hoac tra trong cac bang
cam nang tra cu.
- So thiet b hieu qua nhq:
Gia thiet co mot nhom gom n thiet b co cong
suat va che o lam viec khac nhau. Khi o ta nh ngha n hq
la mot so quy oi gom co nhq thiet b co cong suat nh
mc va che o lam viec nh nhau va tao nen phu tai tnh
toan bang vi phu tai tieu thu thc do n thiet b tieu thu
tren.
n
nhq =
( Pdmi ) 2
i =1
n
( P
i =1
(2.5)
dmi
)2
Chng 2
tnh toan
Phu tai
- He so nhu cau Knc: la t so gia cong suat tnh toan

(trong ieu kien thiet ke) hoac cong suat tieu thu
(trong ieu kien van hanh) vi cong suat at (cong
suat nh mc) cua nhom ho tieu thu.
Knc =
Ptt
Ptt
Ptb
=
.
= Kmax .Ksd
Pdm
Pdm Ptn
(2.6)
b/
Cac phng phap xac nh phu tai tnh
toan:
Muc ch cua viec tnh toan phu tai ien tai cac nut
nham:
- Chon tiet dien day dan cua li cung cap va
phan phoi ien ap t di 1000V tr len.
- Chon so lng va cong suat may bien ap.
- Chon tiet dien thanh dan cua thiet b phan phoi.
- Chon cac thiet b chuyen mach va bao ve.
Sau ay la mot vai phng phap xac nh PTTT thng
dung:
- Xac nh PTTT theo suat tieu hao ien nang theo
n v san pham :
oi vi ho tieu thu co o th phu tai thc te khong
thay oi, PTTT bang phu tai trung bnh va c xac nh theo
suat tieu hao ien nang tren mot n v san pham khi cho
trc tong san pham san xuat trong mot n v thi gian.
Ptt = Pca =
M ca .Wo
Tca
(2.7)
Trong o: Mca - So lng san pham san xuat trong mot
ca.
Tca -Thi gian cua ca phu tai ln nhat.
W0- Suat tieu hao ien nang cho mot n v
san pham.
Chng 2
tnh toan
Phu tai
Khi biet W0 va tong san pham san xuat trong ca mot

nam, PTTT c tnh theo cong thc sau:
Ptt =
A
Tlv max
Wo .M
Tlv max
(kW)
(2.8)
Vi Tlvmax[gi] : thi gian s dung cong suat ln
nhat trong nam.
- Xac nh phu tai tnh toan theo suat phu tai tnh
tren mot n v san xuat:
Neu phu tai tnh toan xac nh cho ho tieu thu co dien
tch F, suat phu tai tren mot n v la P0 th
Ptt = P0.F
(2.9)
(kW)
Vi: P0 : Suat phu tai tren mot n v dien tch
san xuat (kW/m2). Trong thiet ke s bo co the lay theo so

lieu trong cac bang tham khao.
F : Dien tch bo tr nhom, ho tieu thu (m2).
Phng phap nay dung e tnh phu tai cua cac phan
xng co mat o may moc phan bo tng oi eu.
- Xac nh phu tai theo cong suat at (P ) va he
so nhu cau (Knc):
Phu tai tnh toan c xac nh bi cong thc:
n
Ptt =knc . Pdmi

i =1
(kW)
Qtt =Ptt .tg
(2.10)
(kVAr)
(2.11)
Trong cong thc tren :
knc : he so nhu cau, tra so tay ky thuat theo
cac so lieu thong ke cua cac x nghiep, phan xng tng
ng.
cos he so cong suat tnh toan tra so tay ky
thuat t o tnh c tg . Neu he so cos cua cac thiet
Chng 2
tnh toan
Phu tai
b trong nhom khong giong nhau th ta phai tnh he so cos

trung bnh cua nhom theo cong thc sau:
n
cos
tb
Cos .P
i
i =1
dmi
Pdmi
(2.12)
- Xac nh phu tai tnh toan theo he so Kmax va Ptb
(con goi la phng phap so thiet b hieu qua hay
phng phap sap xep bieu o):
Cong thc tnh toan:
Ptt = Pca = Kmax.Ksd.Pm
Hay
Ptt = Knc.Pm.
(2.13)
Cac bc tnh toan:
- Tnh so thiet b hieu qua theo cong thc (2.5).
- Tnh he so s dung cua nhom thiet b theo cong thc
(2.2).
- Xet cac trng hp:
n
+ Neu nhq < 4 va n < 4 : Ptt =
+ Neu nhq < 4 va n 4 : Ptt =
i =1
dmi
(2.14)
n
i =1
dmi
.Kpti
(2.15)
Vi Kpti la he so phu tai cua thiet b th i. Co
the lay gan ung:
Kpt = 0.75 (Che o lam viec ngan han)
Kpt = 0.90 (Che o lam viec dai han)
+ Neu nhq 4:
-Tm Kmax theo nhq va Ksd.
Chng 2
tnh toan
Phu tai
-Xac nh PTTT theo cong thc:

Ptt = Kmax. Ksd. Pm = Kmax. Ptb
(2.16)
Qtt = 1.1Qtb (Neu nhq 10) = Qtb (Neu nhq >10).
Trong o Ptb va Qtb la cong suat tac dung va cong
suat phan khang trung bnh cua nhom:
Qtb = Ptb.tg
tb
Ptb = Ksd.Pm
vi costb tnh theo cong thc (2.12).
(2.17)
+ Phu tai tnh toan cua nhom :
- Vi tu ong lc: Stt = Ptt 2 + Qtt 2
(2.18)
- Vi tu phan phoi:
n
Pttpp = Kt. Pttdl

i =1
n
Qttpp =Kt. Qttdl
(2.19)
i =1
Sttpp =
Pttpp
+ Qttpp
Trong o Kt la he so ong thi, chon theo so

nhom i vao tu.
Neu co phu tai chieu sang i vao tu th phai cong them
cac gia tr Pcs va Qcs ,vao Ptt va Qtt trong
cac cong thc
tren.
- Dong ien tnh toan : Itt =
S tt
3.U dm
(2.20)
+ Xac nh phu tai nh nhon:
Phu tai nh nhon la phu tai cc ai xuat hien trong
thi gian ngan (trong khoang mot vai giay). Phu tai nh
nhon thng c tnh di dang dong ien nh nhon (In).
Chng 2
tnh toan
Phu tai
Dong ien nay thng c dung e kiem tra sut ap khi

m may, tnh toan chon cac thiet b bao ve
oi vi mot may moc, thiet b th dong nh nhon la
dong m may. Con oi vi nhom thiet b th dong nh
nhon xuat hien khi may co dong ien m may ln nhat
trong nhom khi ong, con cac may khac lam viec bnh
thng. Do o dong nh nhon c tnh theo cong thc sau:
In = Ik = Kmm.Im (oi vi mot thiet b).
= Ikmax+ Itt Ksd.Immax (oi vi mot nhom thiet b).
(2.21)
Trong o: Kmm la he so m may :
+Vi ong c KB, rotor long soc Kmm = 5 7
+ ong c DC hoac KB rotor day quan Kmm =
2.5
+ oi vi MBA va lo ho quang th Kmm 3.
Ikmax va Ksd la dong khi ong va he so s
dung cua thiet b co dong khi ong ln nhat trong nhom.
Itt la dong ien tnh toan cua nhom.
- Phng phap tnh Ptt theo he so s dung ksd (theo
nh ngha cua IEC) va he so ong thi kt
n
Ptt= Kt
K
i =1
sdi
Pdmi
(2.22)
V Citilight Tower la mot cao oc van phong trung tam
thng mai nen phu tai cua no co nhng iem ac trng
rieng va tac gia nhan thay phng phap tnh toan phu tai
theo he so s dung Ksd va he so ong thi Kt phu hp vi
yeu cau ve thiet ke cung cap ien cho toa nha at ra.
Chnh v vay phng phap tnh cong suat phu tai tnh
toan trong luan van la tnh theo phng phap he so
s dung Ksd va he so ong thi Kt .
Chng 2
tnh toan
Phu tai
2.2
TNH TOAN PHU TAI
TNH TOAN IEU HOA KHONG KH TRUNG TAM

(cac so lieu dien tch o c tren mat
bang)
Tan
g
V tr
ieu
hoa
Hm 1
Ham 1
Lng
Lng
MAY LANH: Ksd = 0.7

ieu hoa khong kh trung tam
Tieu
Dien
Cong
Chieu
chuan
tch
suat
cao (m)
ieu
2
(m )
(Hp)
hoa
10410.4
3
40m3/Hp
4
49.5
4.2
Tong
cong
suat (Hp)
=151.584
Hp
60m3/Hp
Van
784.54
2.8
40m3/Hp
54.918
phong
Hanh
121.7
2.8
60m3/Hp
lang
03
=64.59 Hp
Khu ve
36
2.8
60m3/Hp
9.67
sinh
Khu
49.5
2.8
60m3/Hp
Lobby
Ghi chu: ieu hoa khong kh cac tang khac, t tang 4 en
tang 14 eu tng t nh tang 3.
Tong cong suat ieu hoa khong kh trung tam cua toa
nha:
151.584 + 96.88 + 64.59 x 12 = 1023.544 Hp = 767.658 KW
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
Tang
Nho
m
HAM
Tuyen
day
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
2
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
Thong so ien
Chc nang
Chieu sang
tang ham
Chieu sang
tang ham
Chieu sang
tang ham
Chieu sang
tang ham
Chieu sang
khan cap
Cap nguon
cho he
thong
am thanh
Cap nguon
cho he
thong
ien thoai
Cap nguon
cho he
thong mang
Cap nguon
cho he
thong
bao chay
Bm nc
tang ham
Bm nc
tang ham
V
22
0
22
0
22
0
22
0
22
0
P(kw)
He so
ph
a
cos
Ksd
0.6
6.6
0.9
0.6
6.6
0.9
0.6
6.6
0.9
0.6
6.6
0.9
0.6
0.545
0.9
Kt
38
0
0.8
10
0.8
38
0
0.8
0.8
38
0
0.8
10
0.8
38
0
0.7
10
0.8
0.7
7.46
0.7
7.46
38
0
38
0
Ksdnho
Cong suat
0.6
5
0.6
5
P(kw
)
S(kv
a)
0.9
26.94
5
44.90
8
0.74
0.9
57.38
77.17
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
Tang
Nho
m
P7
Bm nc
tang ham
Tuyen
day
Chc nang
S1
S2
HAM
S3
S4
S5
01
1
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
L6
O cam oi
P.ieu khien
o cam oi
phong tong
ai T
o cam oi
phong quan
ly 1&2
o cam n
hanh lang
o cam oi
en chieu
sang khu
vc Lobby
en chieu
sang khu
vc
traitrc
en chieu
sang khu
vc trai sau
en chieu
sang khu
vc
phai trc
en chieu
sang khu
vc
phai sau
en chieu
38
3
0.7
7.46
0
Thong so ien
V
ph cos P(kw)
a
22
1
0.8
4
0
0.6
5
Ksd
Cong suat
P(kw S(kva
)
)
0.8
22
0
0.8
0.8
22
0
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
0.8
22
0
22
0
He so
Ksdnho
Kt
22
0
0.6
1.296
0.9
22
0
0.6
1.166
0.9
22
0
0.6
1.166
0.9
22
0
0.6
1.296
0.9
22
0
0.6
1.296
0.9
22
0.6
0.306
0.9
0.8
0.2
2.56
3.2
0.95
6.69
6
11.16
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
L7
sang khu
vc phu tr
en chieu
sang khan
cap
0
22
0
0.6
0.17
0.9
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
Tang
Nho
m
2
Tuyen
day
S1
S2
S3
01
S4
S5
S6
02
1
L1
L2
L3
Chc
nang
o cam
ien khu
vc Lobby
o cam
ien khu
vc
trai trc
o cam
ien khu
vc
trai sau
o cam
ien khu
vc
phai trc
o cam
ien khu
vc
phai sau
o cam
ien khu
vc
phu tr
en chieu
sang
khu vc
Lobby
en chieu
sang
khu vc
hanh lang
en chieu
Thong so ien
V
ph cos P(kw)
a
Ksd
He so
Ksdnho Kt
m
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.6
0.324
0.9
220
0.6
0.54
0.9
220
0.6
0.17
0.9
Cong suat
P(kw S(kva
)
)
0.8
0.2
3.84
4.8
0.95
1.28
6
2.143
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
sang
khan cap
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
Tang
Nho
m
Tuyen
day
02
L4
1
L5
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
3
S1
Chc
nang
en chieu
sang
khu vc
ve sinh
n
en chieu
sang
khu vc
ve sinh
nam
en chieu
sang
van
phong
en chieu
sang
van
phong
en chieu
sang
van
phong
en chieu
sang
van
phong
en chieu
sang
van
phong
o cam
ien khu
Thong so ien
V
ph cos P(kw
a
)
220
0.6
0.126
Ksd
He so
Ksdnho
Kt
m
Cong suat
P(kw S(kva
)
)
0.9
220
0.6
0.126
0.9
220
0.6
1.036
0.9
220
0.6
1.036
0.9
220
0.6
1.036
0.9
220
0.6
1.166
0.9
220
0.6
1.166
0.9
220
0.8
0.8
0.95
1.28
6
2.143
0.95
5.44
9.066
0.8
0.2
3.84
4.8
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
S2
Tang
Nho
m
Tuyen
day
S3
S4
02
3
S5
S6
TANG
MAI
1
L1
L2
L3
vc
trung tam
o cam
ien khu
vc
trai trc
Chc
nang
o cam
ien khu
vc
trai sau
o cam
ien khu
vc
phai trc
o cam
ien khu
vc
phai sau
o cam
ien khu
vc
phu tr
Chieu
sang
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
Chieu
sang
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
Chieu
220
0.8
Thong so ien
V
ph cos P(kw
a
)
0.8
Ksd
He so
Ksdnho
Kt
m
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
0.8
220
0.6
0.129
0.9
220
0.6
0.129
0.9
220
0.6
0.129
0.9
Cong suat
P(kw S(kva
)
)
0.8
0.2
3.84
4.8
0.95
0.38
7
0.645
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
P1
2
P2
sang
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
Cap
nguon cho
thiet b
tang mai
Cap
nguon cho
may lanh
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
220
0.8
2.816
0.8
0.8
220
0.8
2.288
0.8
0.3
1.22
5
1.531
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
Nho
m
Tang
Tuyen
day
S1
TANG
MAI
S2
S3
Chc
nang
o cam
ien
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
o cam
ien
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
o cam
ien
phong ky
thuat
tang mai
Thong so ien
V
pha
He so
cos
P(k
w)
Ksd
Ksdnho
m
22
0
0.8
0.8
22
0
0.8
0.8
22
0
0.8
0.8
0.8
TNH TOAN PHU TAI TANG HAM:

- Nhom 1:
n
cos
tb
Cos .P
i
i =1
dmi
= 0.6;
P = 4.359 KW; Ksdnhom = 1;
Kt = 1.
Pdmi
Ptt = P, Ksdnhom. Ksd = 4.359 KW
Qtt = Ptt.tgtb = 5.812 KVAr.
Ptt
2
2
= 7.265 KVA
Stt = P tt + Q tt =
cos tb
Kt
Nhom 2: tng t nh tnh toan nhom 1, ta co ket qua sau:
0.2
Cong
suat
P(k
S(kv
w)
a)
1.92
2.4
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
n
cos
tb
= 0.73
P = 43.2 KW
Ksdnhom =
K
i =1
.Pdmi
sd i
Pdmi
= 0.72
Kt = 0.9
Ptt = P, Ksdnhom. Ksd = 27.993 KW.

Stt = 38.34 KVA.
Nhom 3: tng t nh tnh toan nhom 1, ta co ket qua sau:

n
cos
tb
= 0.8
P = 16 KW
Ksdnhom =
K
i =1
sd i
Pdmi
.Pdmi
= 0 .8
Kt = 0.2
Ptt = P, Ksdnhom. Ksd = 2.56 KW.

Stt = 3.2 KVA.
Ta co ket qua tnh toan phu tai tang ham sau:

n
cos
Cos i .Pdmi
= 0.74
Ptt
Ptt = 34.912 KW Stt = cos = 47 .178
tb
Ksd =
sd i
.Pdmi
= 0.76
Pdmi
Pdmi
Tnh toan phu tai cua cac tang khac tng t nh tnh toan phu tai tang ham va
ta co bang ket qua nh tren.
tb
i =1
i =1
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
Nhom
1
Cos=0.
75
Tuyen
day
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
P6
P7
P8
P9
P10
P11
P12
P13
P14
P15
Thong so ien
Chc nang
V
Tu ien tang 1
T-T1
Tu ien tang 2
T-T2
Tu ien tang 3
T-T3
Tu ien tang 4
T-T4
Tu ien tang 5
T-T5
Tu ien tang 6
T-T6
Tu ien tang 7
T-T7
Tu ien tang 8
T-T8
Tu ien tang 9
T-T9
Tu ien tang
10
T-T10
Tu ien tang
11
T-T11
Tu ien tang
12
T-T12
Tu ien tang
13
T-T13
Tu ien tang
14
T-T14
Cau dao cach ly
ph
a
cos
P(kw
)
10.53
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
10.56
6
He so
Ksd
380
0.76
0.84
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
380
0.76
10.56
6
0.84
380
0.76
10.56
6
0.84
380
0.76
10.56
6
0.84
380
0.76
10.56
6
0.84
380
0.76
10.56
6
0.84
380
0.7
35
0.7
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
0.84
Ksdnho
m
0.81
Cong suat
Kt
0.95
P(kw)
S(kva
)
163.40
3
217.87
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
2
Cos=0.
74
P16
P17
P18
P19
P20
P21
P22
3
Cos=0.
74
P23
P24
P25
P26
P27
4
Cos=0.
74
P28
P29
thang may so 1
ISO-TM-1
Chiller so 1
Chiller so 2
Tu ieu khien
he thong HKK
Tu ien tang
ham
T-H
Tu ien tang
mai
T-M
Tu ien
bm dau Diezel
T-BD
Tu ien
bm cha chay
T-BCC
Tu ien quat
tang ap
T-QTA
Tu ien
quat hut khoi
T-QHK
Tu ien
quat hut tang
ham
T-QHTH
Tu ien
bm nc sinh
hoat
T-BNSH
Tu ien
bm nc thai
T-BNT
Chiller so 3
Cau dao cach ly
thang may so 2
ISO-TM-2
380
380
3
3
0.74
0.74
256
256
0.7
0.7
380
0.74
297
0.7
380
0.74
63.55
9
0.76
380
0.79
17.49
1
0.8
380
0.7
3.5
0.65
380
0.7
42
0.65
380
0.8
24
0.65
380
0.8
0.65
380
0.8
0.65
380
0.7
35
0.65
380
0.7
35
0.65
380
380
3
3
0.74
0.7
256
35
0.7
0.7
0.7
566.3
765.27
0.69
0.8
128.36
7
175.84
0.69
0.7
180.37
6
240.50
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
P30
Tu ien chieu
sang ben
ngoai
T-CSBN
380
0.8
37.03
Chng 2
Phu tai tnh toan
He so cong suat cua toan bo toa nha: Cos=0.74.

Tong cong suat tac dung tnh toan Ptt = 1038.446 KW.
Tong cong suat bieu kien cua toa nha: S= 1403.3 KVA.
Tong
cong
suat
phong:
Sdp=240
KVA
(P=180
KW,
cos=0.74).
Tong cong suat tnh toan cua toan bo cong trnh: Ptt =
1218.446 KW.
Tong cong suat bieu kien cua toan bo cong trnh:
S=1646.54 KVA.
Chng 5
Thiet ke tram bien ap
CHNG 3
BU CONG SUAT PHAN KHANG
3.1 TONG QUAN VE GIA TR HE SO CONG SUAT VA
BU CONG SUAT:
He so cong suat cos (hoac PF) la t so gia cong
suat tac dung P(KW) va cong suat bieu kien S(KVA). He so
cong suat ln nhat bang 1 va he so cong suat cang ln
cang co li cho nganh ien lan khach hang; v khi o P = S,
toan bo cong suat ien phat ra se c tieu thu bi phu
tai ien ma khong co bat ky ton that nao.
P ( KW )
Cos= S ( KVA ) = PF
(3.1)
He thong ien xoay chieu cung cap hai dang nang
lng:
-
Nang lng tac dung o theo n v kilowatt.gi(kw.h).

Nang lng nay c chuyen sang cong c hoc, nhiet,
anh sang,
Nang lng phan khang. Dang nang lng nay c

chia lam hai loai:
+ Nang lng yeu cau bi mach co tnh cam
(may bien ap, ong c ien,)
+ Nang lng yeu cau bi mach co tnh dung (ien
dung day cap, tu cong suat,).
Theo thong ke ta co cac so lieu sau[3]:

-
ong c khong ong bo, chung tieu thu khoang 60

65% tong cong suat phan khang cua mang.
May bien ap tieu thu khoang 20 25%.
ng day tren khong, ien khang va cac thiet b

ien khac tieu thu khoang 10%.
Nh vay ong c khong ong bo va may bien ap la

hai loai may ien tieu thu nhieu cong suat phan khang
Chng 5
nhat. Cong suat tac dung P la cong suat c bien thanh

c nang hoac nhiet nang trong cac may dung ien; con
cong suat phan khang Q la cong suat t hoa trong cac
may ien xoay chieu, no khong sinh ra cong.
V vay e tranh truyen tai mot lng Q kha ln tren
ng day, ngi ta at gan cac ho dung ien cac may
sinh ra Q (tu ien, may bu ong bo) e cung cap trc tiep
cho phu tai, lam nh vay c goi la bu cong suat phan
khang. Khi bu cong suat phan khang th goc lech pha gia
dong ien va ien ap trong mach se nho i, do o he so
cong suat cos cua mang c nang cao, gia P va Q va
goc co quan he sau:
P
= arctg Q
(3.2)
Khi lng P khong oi, nh co bu cong suat phan khang,
lng Q truyen tai tren ng day giam xuong, do o goc
giam, ket qua la cos tang len.
He so cong suat cos c nang len se a en nhng
hieu qua sau ay:
1/ Giam c ton that cong suat trong mang ien.
2/ Giam c ton that ien ap trong mang ien.
3/ Tang kha nang truyen tai cua ng day va may
bien ap.
3.2
CAC BIEN PHAP NANG CAO HE SO CONG SUAT
COS:
3.3
V TR AT THIET B BU:
Viec tnh toan nh mc bu toi u cho mot mang a ton tai

co the thc hien theo nhng lu y sau:
-
Tien ien trc khi at tu bu.
Tien ien sau khi at tu bu.
Cac chi ph bao gom:
Chng 5
+ Mua tu bu va mach ieu khien ( contactor, relay,

tu hp bo).
+ Lap at va bao tr.
+ Ton that trong tu va ton that tren day cap,
may bien ap sau khi lap at tu bu.
T nhng phan tch tren tac gia chon phng an bu
cong suat phan khang cho cong trnh.
Chng 5
3.4 TNH TOAN BU CONG SUAT PHAN KHANG:

He so cong suat cua cong trnh trc khi bu: cos1=0.74.
Tong cong suat tac dung tnh toan cua cong trnh :
Ptt=1218.446 KW.
Cong suat bieu kien cua cong trnh trc khi bu: S 1=1646.54
KVA.
He so cong suat cua cong trnh sau khi bu: cos2=0.87.
Cong suat phan khang can phai bu e at c cos2=0.87
la:
Qbu=
Ptt.(tg1-tg2)
1218.446
[tg(arcos0.74)
tg(arcos0.87)]= 420 KVAr.

Vay Qbu= 420 KVAr.
Cong suat bieu kien cua cong trnh sau khi bu:
Ta co cong suat phan khang trc khi bu:
Q1= Ptt.tg1=1218.446 x tg(arcos0.74) = 1107.48 KVAr.
Cong suat phan khang sau khi bu:
Q2 = Q1 Qbu = 1107.48 420 = 687.48 KVAr.
Cong suat bieu kien cua cong trnh sau khi bu:
S2 =
P 2 tt + Q 2 2 = 1218.446 2 + 687.48 2 = 1400 KVA.
Chon thiet b bu la tu ien bu do Lien Xo (cu) che tao:

8 bo x 50 KVAr + 1 bo 20 KVAr
Loai 3:
Cong
suat
nh
mc
Pm
(KVAr)
ien
dung
C (F)
Kieu
che
tao
Chieu
cao H
(mm)
Khoi
lng
(kg)
0.38
50
1102
Ba pha
725
60
0.38
20
442
Ba pha
472
30
ien
ap
Loai
nh
tu ien
mc
Ucm (KV)
KC20.38-503Y3
KC10.38-20Y1
Chng 5
Nh vay sau khi tnh toan c lng cong suat phan khang
can bu cho toa nha, ta co bang tong ket sau:
He so cong suat cua toan bo toa nha: Cos=0.74.
Tong cong suat tac dung tnh toan Ptt = 1038.446 KW.
Tong cong suat cua toa nha: S= 1403.3 KVA.
Tong cong suat d phong:
Sdp=240 KVA (P=180 KW,
cos=0.74).
Tong cong suat tnh toan cua toan bo cong trnh: Ptt =
1218.446 KW.
Tong cong suat toan bo cong trnh: S=1646.54 KVA.
Bu he so cong suat len Cos= 0.87
. Qbu=420 KVAR.
Cong suat toan bo cong trnh sau khi bu: Ssaubu= 1400 KVA.
CHNG 4
NGUON D PHONG
4.1 MAY PHAT D PHONG
Cac phu tai can c cung cap ien t may phat d
phong cua toa nha Citilight Tower la:
-
Nhom 1 (tu ien tang 1 > 14 + thang may so 1)

217.87 KVA.
Nhom 3 (he thong bm, quat, tu ien tang ham,

tang mai) 175.84 KVA
He thong ieu hoa khong kh 242.16 KVA..
Tong cong suat ma may phat d phong phai

cung cap cho toa nha la:
636 KVA.
Cu the nh sau:
-
V ay la toa nha van phong thng mai cao cap

nen he thong chieu sang oi hoi phai c am
bao lien tuc. Mat khac phu tai chieu sang, he
Chng 5
thong cap nguon cho mang, ien thoai, o cam cua

toan bo toa nha tieu thu mot lng cong suat
khong cao 175.78 KVA. Chnh v vay ta quyet nh cung
cap ien cho toan bo cho toan bo he thong nay
t may phat d phong trong trng hp li ien
quoc gia khong the cung cap cho toa nha.
-
He thong quat, bm phuc vu cho nhng nhu cau sinh

hoat thiet yeu cua con ngi. Cong suat ma phu tai
quat va bm tieu thu khong cao 175.195 KVA nen ta
quyet nh cung cap toan bo cong suat quat bm t
may phat d phong.
He thong ieu hoa khong kh la mot phu tai tieu

thu cong suat cao nhat cua toa nha. Chnh v ieu
nay ta can phai can nhac ky trong viec cung cap
ien cho he thong ieu hoa khong kh t nguon d
phong. Ta ch cho mot chiller (cong suat 242.16 KVA)
hoat ong e ieu hoa khong kh nhng ni that
s can thiet trong toa nha nh cac phong hoi ngh,
phong hop
V ay la toa nha 14 tang nen viec di chuyen trong

toa nha can phai co s tr giup cua thang may.
Chnh v vay ta quyet nh cung cap ien cho 1 he
thong thang may (cong suat 50 KVA) t nguon ien
cua may phat d phong.
Chon may phat d phong co cong suat la 640

KVA.
Perkins 2800 640 KVA Generator.
Company Name: International Power Generation Ltd.
4.2 BO CHUYEN OI NGUON T ONG ATS AUTOMATIC
TRANSFER SWITCH
CHNG 5
Chng 5
THIET KE TRAM BIEN AP

5.1 TONG QUAN VE THIET KE TRAM BIEN AP
5.2 TNH TOAN TRAM BIEN AP

S (KVA)
1400
100%
80%
1120
70%
980
60%
840
40%
560
420
280
70%
30%
20%
10
12
14
16
18
20
22
24
t (h)
o th phu tai Citilight

Tower
5.2.1
Trng hp tram bien ap co 1 may bien
ap:
+ Tnh toan chon may bien ap da vao ieu kien
kiem tra qua tai bnh thng:
Tnh toan qua tai bnh thng:
ang tr o th phu tai (tpt) nhieu bac ve o th phu
tai tng ng co 2 bac sao cho nhiet lng tao ra trong may
bien ap (MBA) la nh nhau:
Trnh t tnh toan:
-
Bc 1: Can c vao tpt qua MBA co cong suat SB sao

cho Smin< SB< Smax.
Bc 2: Trong cac vung qua tai chon vung co Si2Ti

ln nhat e tnh S2t.
Chng 5
(S T ) .
T
2
Bc 3: Tnh S2t theo bieu thc: S2t=
i i
i
(5.1)
+ Neu S2t > 0.9 Smax th S2=S2t, T2=Ti.
+ Neu S2t 0.9 Smax th S2=0.9 Smax va
(S
T=
2
T)
i i
( 0.9S max ) 2
(5.2)
Bc 4: Chon 10 h trc vung tnh S2 e tnh S1
(S
S1=
T)
i i
10
(5.3)
Bc 5: Tnh K1, K2 theo bieu thc
K1=
S1
;
SB
K 2=
S2
SB
(5.4)
Bc 6: T K1 va T2 va tnh c tra ng cong qua
tai cho phep cua MBA e tm K2cp.

+ Neu K2cp> K2 th MBA a chon co the van hanh
qua tai c.
+ Neu K2cp< K2 th chon MBA co cong suat ln hn.
Da vao trnh t tnh toan tren ta thc hien viec chon MBA
cho toa nha Citilight Tower.
Chon may bien ap co cong suat la SB = 1250 KVA.
Ta co cac vung qua tai sau:
Vung qua tai (t=14h-18h): S22T2= 14002 x 4 = 7840000
(S T
T
2
Ta co
S2t=
=1400 KVA.
S2t > 0.9 Smax th S2=S2t=1400 KVA, T2=Ti=4 h.

S1=
(S
10
T )
2 2
= 885.43 KVA
Chng 5
K1=
S1
885 .43
=
= 0.71
SB
1250
; K 2=
S2
1400
=
=1.12
SB
1250
T K1 va T2 va tnh c tra ng cong qua tai cho phep

cua MBA [2]e tm K2cp => K2cp=1.17 > K2 = 1.12.
Vay MBA a chon co the van hanh ieu kien qua tai
bnh thng.
Tng t, ta chon 1 may bien ap co cong suat SB =
1000 KVA.
Ta co cac vung qua tai sau:
Vung qua tai 1
(t = 8h 12h): S21T1= 11202 x 4 =
5017600.
Vung qua tai 2 (t=14h-18h): S22T2= 14002 x 4 = 7840000.
Ta co : S21T1 < S22T2. Vay chon vung qua tai 2 e tnh S2t.
(S T
T
2
Ta co
S2t=
=1400 KVA.
S2t > 0.9 Smax th S2=S2t=1400 KVA, T2=Ti=4 h.

S1=
K1=
(S
T )
2 2
10
=885.43 KVA
S1
885 .43
=
= 0.88
SB
1000
; K 2=
S2
=1.4
SB
T K1 va T2 va tnh c tra ng cong qua tai cho phep

cua MBA [2]e tm K2cp => K2cp=1.19 < K2 = 1.4.
Vay may bien ap khong the van hanh ieu kien qua
tai bnh thng.
Chon may bien ap co SB = 1250 KVA cho toa
nha Citilight Tower.

Chon may bien ap co cac thong so sau:
May bien ap ba pha hai cuon day quan do Viet Nam che tao
(THIBIDI).
ien ap 15 KV, 22 KV 2 x 2.5% / 0.4 KV. To au day /0 -11.
Con
Dong ien
nh mc
Thong so ky
thuat
Trong lng
Kch thc
(kg)
(mm)
Chng 5
(A)
I1
Cuo
I2
suat
da
nh
22
mc
15
(KVA) (KV) (KV)
0.4
P0
(KV)
(W)
I0
(%
)
PN
(W)
UN
da
to
ro
da
(%
va
ng
ng
loi
cao
the
1250
32.
48.
1804
180
1.
1500
6.
p
290
100
550
149
230
266
.2
5.2.2
Trng hp tram bien ap co 2 may bien
ap:
+ Tnh toan chon may bien ap da vao ieu kien
kiem tra qua tai s co::
Trnh t tnh toan:
-
Bc 1: Chon may bien ap co cong suat SB sao cho

Kqtsc.SB Smax hay SB
S max
K dtsc
(5.5)
-
Bc 2: Kiem tra ieu kien T2 < 6h.
Bc 3: Kiem tra ieu kien K1 < 0.93.

(*)
Da vao trnh t tnh toan tren ta thc hien viec chon MBA
cho toa nha Citilight Tower.
- Ta co
S max
K dtsc
1400
= 1076 KVA . (Kqtsc =1.3 v may bien ap c
1.3
at trong nha).
Do may bien ap c san xuat vi cac thang cach xa nhau,
ch co 2 loai may gan vi cap cong suat 1076 KVA la 1000
KVA va 1250 KVA. V vay th chon may bien ap co cong
suat SB = 1000 KVA e tnh toan th.
Chng 5
-
Kiem tra ieu kien ve T2: co 2 vung qua tai, nhng

ca 2 eu co thi gian qua tai la T2 =4h < 6h => thoa
ieu kien nay.
Kiem tra ieu kien K1:

980 2 x 2 + 1120 2 x 4 + 840 2 x1 + 560 2 x3
= 926 .54 KVA
10
S1t =
K1 =
S1dt
926 .54
=
= 0.926 < 0.93 => thoa ieu kien (*)
S dmB
1000
Vay tram bien ap cua toa nha Citilight Tower gom

co 2 may bien ap co cong suat moi may la
1000 KVA.
Chon may bien ap co cac thong so sau:
May bien ap ba pha hai cuon day quan do Viet Nam che tao
(THIBIDI).
ien ap 15 KV, 22 KV 2 x 2.5% / 0.4 KV. To au day /0 -11.
Dong ien
Thong so ky
nh mc
I1
(kg)
(mm)
Cuo
I2
suat
da
nh
mc
Kch thc
thuat
(A)
Con
Trong lng
22
15
(KVA) (KV) (KV)
0.4
P0
(KV)
(W)
I0
(%
)
PN
(W)
UN
da
to
ro
da
(%
va
ng
ng
loi
92
422
157
195
255
cao
the
1000
26.
38.
1443
215
1.
1200
5.
p
238
.4
Chng 5
5.2.3 So sanh hai phng an:

+ Ve kinh te:
Phng an tram co 1 may bien ap:
-
Tien mua may bien ap 1250 KVA: 270.226.000
So lng dao cach ly: 4 cai.
So lng may cat: 2 cai.
Dien tch xay dng tram bien ap: 9 m2.

Tien mua may bien ap 1000 KVA: 249.180.000 x 2 =

498.360.000 .
So lng dao cach ly: 8 cai.
So lng may cat: 4 cai.
Dien tch xay dng tram bien ap: 16 m2.
+ Ve ky thuat:
Vi nhng phan tch tren ta chon phng an la
s dung 2 may bien ap trong tram
vi cong suat
moi may la 1000 KVA e cung cap ien cho toa nha.
Phan la chon so lng may bien ap cho tram ay ta
khong xet en phng an 3 may bien ap, v nh ta a biet
hau nh tat ca cac tram bien ap trong thc te khong ai
thiet ke 3 may bien ap cho 1 tram. V nhng ly do sau:
+ Ton kem ve mat kinh te.
+ Kho khan trong viec van hanh, sa cha va
bao tr.
+ Mat du phng an nay am bao tnh lien
tuc va o tin cay trong cung cap ien rat cao nhng
trng hp nay, toa nha Citilight Tower khong oi hoi qua
cao ve yeu cau nay.
Chnh v nhng ly do tren nen tac gia khong liet ke phng
an 3 may bien ap trong so sanh la chon cac phng an.
Chng 6
day dan va thiet b bao ve
Chon
CHNG 6
CHON DAY DAN VA THIET B BAO VE
6.1 THIET KE HE THONG DAY DAN
6.1.1 La chon day dan:
Co nhieu phng phap tnh toan chon day dan nh:
- Chon day dan theo mat o dong kinh te:[6]
F=
I lv
j kt
(6.1)
Trong o: F tiet dien day dan (mm2).
Ilv dong lam viec cua ng day (A).
jkt mat o dong kinh te (A/mm2), gia tr mat o
dong kinh te c tra trong cac tai lieu ky thuat.
-
Chon day dan theo o sut ap cho phep:[6]

F=
( p i .l i )
U dm .U R
(6.2)
Trong o: ien tr suat cua day dan (m).
pi cong suat tac dung truyen tren oan day i (W).
li chieu dai oan day i (m).
Udm: ien ap nh mc (V).
UR: o sut ap do thanh phan tr khang gay ra
(V).
- Chon day dan theo ieu kien phat nong cho phep ap
dung cac tieu chuan cua Hoi ong Ky thuat ien Quoc te
(IEC - International Electrotechnical Commission).[1]
Icp
I lv max
K
(6.3)
Trong o: Icp: dong cho phep cua day dan (A).
Chng 6
Chon
Ilvmax: dong lam viec ln nhat cua phu tai tnh

toan (A).
K: he so hieu chnh theo ieu kien lap at.
* Phng phap thc te xac nh tiet dien nho nhat
cho phep cua day dan:[1]
- XAC NH KCH C CUA DAY PHA
Trnh t xac nh tiet dien nho nhat cua day dan:
ieu kien lap at cua day
Xac nh cac he so K
va ma ch cai
Dong lam viec max

IB
Dong nh mc cua thiet b bao ve

khong c nho hn dong IB
In
La chon dong cho phep
IZ cua day
ma thiet b bao ve
co kha nang
bao ve no
CB => IZ = In
Xac nh tiet dien day co kha nang

tai IZ1
bang cach dung IZ co tnh en anh
hng
cua cac he so K (IZ=), cua ma ch
cai va vo boc
Kiem tra cac ieu kien khac neu can theo bang ...
Trong o: IB: dong lam viec max, cap cuoi cung mach
ien, dong nay tng ng vi cong suat nh mc KVA cua
tai.
In: dong nh mc cua CB, o la gia tr cc
ai cua dong lien tuc ma CB vi Relay bao ve qua dong
co the chu c vo han nh nhiet o moi trng do
Chng 6
Chon
nha che tao quy nh, va nhiet o cua cac bo phan mang
ien khong vt qua gii han cho phep.
IZ: dong cho phep ln nhat, ay la gia tr
ln nhat cua dong ma day dan co the tai c vo han
nh ma khong lam giam tuoi tho lam viec.
Thu tuc c tien hanh nh sau:
+ Xac nh ma ch cai: c tra t cac bang H1-12
cua tai lieu[1].
-
dang cua mach (1 pha, 3 pha)
dang lap at.
+ Xac nh he so K phan anh cac anh hng sau:

c tra t cac bang H1-13, H1-14, H1-15, H1-19, H1-20,
H1-21, H1-22 cua tai lieu [1].
-
so cap trong ranh cap;
nhiet o moi trng;
cach lap at.
* Xac nh c day oi vi cap khong chon di at:

+ Xac nh ma ch cai: cac ch cai (B ti F) phu
thuoc vao dang cua day va cach lap at no.
+ Xac nh he so K: vi cac mach khong chon di
at, he so K the hien ieu kien lap at K = K1.K2.K3.
Trong o:
K1: the hien anh hng cua cach
lap at.
K2: the hien anh hng tng ho cua hai
mach at ke nhau. Hai mach c coi la at ke nhau khi
khoang cach L gia 2 day nho hn 2 lan ng knh cap ln
nhat cua 2 cap noi tren.
K3: the hien anh hng cua nhiet o
tng ng vi dang cach ien.
* Xac nh c day cho day chon di at:
Chng 6
Chon
Trng hp nay can phai xac nh he so K, con ma ch

cai thch ng vi cach lap at se khong can thiet.
+ Xac nh he so hieu chnh K: vi cac mach chon
di at, K se ac trng cho ieu kien lap at K = K4.K5.K6.K7.
Trong o:
K4: the hien anh hng cua cach
lap at.
K5: the hien anh hng cua so day at
ke nhau. Cac day c coi la at ke nhau neu khoang cach
L gia chung nho hn 2 lan ng knh cua day ln nhat
trong hai day.
K6: the hien anh hng cua at chon
cap.
K7: the hien anh hng cua nhiet o
cua at.
-
XAC NH KCH C DAY NOI AT BAO VE (PE:
Proctective Earth):
Day PE cho phep lien ket cac vat dan t nhien va cac vo
kim loai khong co ien cua cac thiet b ien e tao li
ang ap. Cac day nay dan dong s co do h hong cach
ien (gia pha va vo thiet b) ti iem trung tnh noi at
cua nguon. PE se c noi vao au noi at chnh cua
mang. au noi at chnh se c noi vi cac ien cc noi
at qua day noi at.
Day PE can:
-
Khong cha ng bat ky hnh thc hoac thiet

b cat dong nao;
Noi cac vo kim loai thiet b can noi ti day PE

chnh, ngha la noi song song;
Co au ket noi rieng tren au noi at chung

cua tu phan phoi.
Kch c cua day PE c xac nh theo phng phap n

gian sau: [1]
Chng 6
- Sph 16 mm2
- 16 < Sph 35 mm2
- Sph > 35 mm2
Chon
=> SPE = Sph

=> SPE = 16 mm2
=> SPE =
S ph
2
- XAC NH KCH C DAY TRUNG TNH:

Tiet dien va cac bao ve day trung tnh ngoai tr yeu cau
mang tai, con phu thuoc vao cac yeu to nh:
-
dang cua s o noi at, TT, TN
phng phap bao ve chong cham ien gian

tiep.
Tiet dien cua day trung tnh: anh hng cua s o noi at
S o TN:
SN = Spha neu Spha 16 mm2 (day ong) cho
cac mach mot pha.

SN = 0.5Spha cho cac trng hp con lai
vi lu y la day trung tnh phai co bao ve thch hp.
TNH TOAN CHI TIET CHON DAY DAN:

+ Tang ham co tuyen day L1 cung cap cho tai chieu
sang vi cong suat bieu kien la S = 1.728 KVA
S
1.728 KVA
=
V
220 V
dong lam viec max Ilv =
= 7.85 A.
ieu kien chon dong nh mc CB: ImCB Ilv =>

ImCB = 10 A.
tuyen day L1 cung vi 3 tuyen day khac la L2,

L3, L4 i cung ong va c at tren tran gia,
nen ta co cac he so hieu chnh sau:
K1 = 1 day i tren tran gia.
K2 = 0.77 so mach trong 1 ong dan la 4.
K3 = 0.93 day dan at trong moi trng co
nhiet o la to = 35oC
Chng 6
-
dong
ien
hieu
Chon
chnh
Ihc:
Ihc
I dmCB
I dmCB
10
=
=
= 13 .96 A
K
K 1 .K 2 .K 3 0.716
dong cho phep cua day dan Icp Ihc: dong hieu
chnh, t dong hieu chnh Ihc tren tra bang 8.7
cua tai lieu [2] c cac thong so sau: dong
cho phep Icp = 18 A > 13.96 A va tiet dien day
dan Fdd la 1mm2 (cap ien lc ha ap cach ien
va vo PVC na mem at tnh tai loai mot loi
ong dan ien).
+ Tng t cho cach tnh toan tren, ta co bang ket qua

sau:
Chng 6
Chon day dan va thiet b bao ve
CHON CB VA DAY DAN
He so
hieu chnh
Dong
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
K1
(da
y i
tre
n
tra
n
gia
)
Tan
g
Tuyen
day
S(kva
)
Dong
lam
viec
Ilv(A)
HA
M
L1
1.728
7.85
10
L2
1.728
7.85
10
L3
1.728
7.85
10
L4
2.079
9.4
10
K2
(so
mach
trong
1
ong
dan)
0.77(4
)
0.77(4
)
0.77(4
)
0.77(4
)
K3
(t0=350
C)
Chon day dan

Dong
ien
hieu
chnh
Ihc (A)
Cac
h
ie
n
Vo
boc
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm2
)
Don
g cho
phe
p
Icp(A)
0.93
13.96
PVC
PVC
18
0.93
13.96
PVC
PVC
18
0.93
13.96
PVC
PVC
18
0.93
13.96
PVC
PVC
18
Tra
ban
g
8.7
P1
27.27
32
P2
13.63
16
P3
27.27
32
P4
6.857
31.16
32
0.77(4
)
0.77(4
)
0.77(4
)
0.77(4
)
0.93
44.68
PVC
PVC
47
0.93
22.34
PVC
PVC
29
0.93
44.68
PVC
PVC
47
0.93
44.68
PVC
PVC
47
Chng 6
P5
6.871
10.43
16
P6
13.74
2
20.87
25
0.88(2
)
0.88(2
)
0.93
19.55
PVC
PVC
2.5
22
0.93
30.54
PVC
PVC
5.5
35
8.8
CHON CB VA DAY DAN

He so
hieu chnh
Tang
Tuyen
day
S(kva
)
S1
S2
HAM
S3
S4
Don
g
la
m
vie
c
Ilv(A)
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
K1
(da
y i
tre
n
tra
n
gia
)
K2
(so
mach
trong 1
ong
dan)
K3
(t0=350C
)
Dong
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
20
0.77(4)
0.93
20
0.77(4)
0.93
Chon day dan

Dong
ien
hieu
chnh
Ihc (A)
Vo
boc
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm2
)
Don
g cho
phe
p
Icp(A)
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
Cac
h
ie
n
25.38
25.38
Tra
ban
g
8.7
20
0.77(4)
0.93
25.38
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.77(4)
0.93
25.38
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
Chng 6
TU
IEN
TANG
HAM
TANG
1
47.17
8
71.6
7
L1
2.16
L2
2.26
L3
2.45
L4
L5
2.16
2.16
9.8
10.1
1
11.1
5
9.8
9.8
80
0.72(1
4)
0.93
119.4
7
PVC
PVC
50
132
10
0.75(5)
0.93
14.3
PVC
PVC
18
16
0.75(5)
0.93
22.93
PVC
PVC
29
16
0.75(5)
0.93
22.93
PVC
PVC
29
10
10
1
1
1
1
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.93
0.93
14.33
14.33
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
1
1
18
18
8.9
8.7
CHON CB VA DAY DAN

He so
hieu chnh
Tang
TANG1
Tuyen
day
S1
S(kva
)
Don
g
lam
vie
c
Ilv(A)
18.1
8
Don
g
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
20
K1
(da
y
K2
i
(so
tre mach
n
trong 1
tra
ong
n
dan)
gia
)
1
0.73(6)
K3
(t =350
C)
0
0.93
Chon day dan
Dong
ien
hieu Cac
chnh
h
Vo
Ihc (A) ie boc
n
29.45
PVC
PVC
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm2
)
Don
g
cho
phe
p
Icp(A)
Tra
ba
ng
2.5
36
8.7
Chng 6
Chon day dan va thiet b bao
18.1
S2
4
8
18.1
S3
4
8
18.1
S4
4
8
18.1
S5
4
8
18.1
S6
4
8
TU IEN
13.8 21.0
TANG1
63
6
TANG 2
L1
L2
L3
L4
L5
0.54
0.9
0.283
0.21
0.21
2.45
4.09
1.28
0.9
0.9
ve
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
25
0.72(1
1)
0.93
37.33
PVC
PVC
44
8.9
3
6
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
4.3
8.6
2.86
1.43
1.43
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
1
1
1
1
1
18
18
18
18
18
8.7
CHON CB VA DAY DAN

Tang
Tuyen
day
S(kva
)
Do
ng
la
m
vie
c
Ilv(A)
Dong
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
He so
hieu chnh
K1
(da
y i
tre
n
tra
n
K2
(so
mach
trong 1
ong
dan)
K3
(t =350
C)
0
Dong
ien
hieu
chnh
Ihc (A)
Chon day dan

Cac
h
ie
n
Vo
boc
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm2
)
Don Tra
g cho ban
phe
g
p
Icp(A)
Chng 6
gia
)
TANG 2
TU
IEN
TANG
2
P1
P2
P3
P4
P5
1.726
1.726
1.726
1.943
1.943
S1
S2
S3
S4
S5
S6
4
13.9
02
7.8
7.8
7.8
8.83
8.83
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
21.1
2
10
10
10
10
10
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.75(5)
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
14.33
14.33
14.33
14.33
14.33
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
1
1
1
1
1
18
18
18
18
18
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
20
0.73(6)
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
25
0.72(1
6)
0.93
37.33
PVC
PVC
44
CHON CB VA DAY DAN
8.7
8.9
Chng 6
He so
hieu chnh
Tang
TANG 2
Tuyen
day
S(kv
a)
Dong
lam
viec
Ilv(A)
Dong
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
S4
18.18
20
S5
18.18
20
S6
18.18
20
13.9
02
21.12
25
0.9
0.9
0.9
12.8
16
TU IEN
TANG 2
TANG MAI
K1
(da
y
K2
i
(so
tre mach
n
trong
tra 1 ong
n
dan)
gia
)
0.73(6
1
)
0.73(6
1
)
0.73(6
1
)
L1
L2
L3
P1
0.21
5
0.21
5
0.21
5
2.81
6
0.72(
16)
0.82(3
)
0.82(3
)
0.82(3
)
0.88(2
)
Chon day dan
K3
(t0=350
C)
Dong
ien
hieu
chn
h Ihc
(A)
0.93
Ca
ch
ie
n
Vo
boc
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm
2
)
Do
ng
cho
phe
p
Icp(A)
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
0.93
29.45
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
0.93
37.33 PVC
PV
C
44
0.93
1.31
PVC
PVC
18
0.93
1.31
PVC
PVC
18
0.93
1.31
PVC
PVC
18
0.93
19.55
PVC
PVC
1.5
23
Tra
ba
ng
8.7
8.9
8.7
Chng 6
2.28
P2
10.4
16
8
0.88(2
)
0.93
19.55
PVC
PVC
1.5
23
CHON CB VA DAY DAN

He so
hieu chnh
Tang
TANG MAI
TU IEN
TANG MAI
TU IEN
TONG
Dong
Tuyen S(kva lam
day
)
viec
Ilv(A)
Dong
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
K1
(da
y
K2
i
(so
tre mach
n
trong
tra 1 ong
n
dan)
gia
)
0.82(3
1
)
0.82(3
1
)
0.82(3
1
)
0.72(
1
8)
1
1
Chon day dan
K3
0
(t =350
C)
Dong
ien
hieu
chn
h Ihc
(A)
0.93
Do
ng
cho
phe
p
Icp(A)
Ca
ch
ie
n
Vo
boc
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm
2
)
26.22
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
0.93
26.22
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
0.93
26.22
PVC
PVC
2.5
36
0.93
37.33
PVC
PV
C
6.0
38
8.9
0.93
67.74
22
82
8.9
Tra
ba
ng
S1
18.18
20
S2
18.18
20
S3
18.18
20
4.47
20.31
25
35
242.
16
242.
16
257.
53.17
63
367.9
400
0.93
430.1
PVC
PVC
185
450
8.7
367.9
400
0.93
430.1
PVC
PVC
185
450
8.7
391.1
400
0.93
430.1
PVC
PVC
185
450
8.7
P15
P16
P17
P18
8.7
Chng 6
4
47.1
P19
71.67
80
78
P20
4.47
20.31
25
P21
P22
P23
P24
3.25
39
19.5
3.25
4.9
59.25
29.6
4.93
6
63
32
6
3
3
3
3
1
1
1
1
0.72(1
4)
0.72(8
)
1
1
1
1
0.93
119.4
7
PVC
PVC
50
132
8.9
0.93
37.33
PVC
PVC
6.0
38
8.9
0.93
0.93
0.93
0.93
6.45
67.74
34.4
6.45
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
PVC
1
22
6
1
14
82
38
14
8.9
8.9
8.9
8.9
CHON CB VA DAY DAN

He so
hieu chnh
Tang
TU IEN
TONG
Tuyen
day
S(kva
)
Dong
lam
viec
Ilv(A)
Dong
nh
mc
CB(A)
So
cc
CB
K1
(da
y
K2
i
(so
tre mach
n
trong
tra 1 ong
n
dan)
gia
)
Chon day dan
K3
(t =350
C)
Dong
ien
hieu
chn
h Ihc
(A)
Ca
ch
ie
n
P25
6.5
9.87
10
0.93
10.75
PVC
P26
32.5
49.3
50
0.93
53.76
PVC
P27
32.5
49.3
50
0.93
53.76
PVC
Vo
bo
c
PV
C
PV
C
PV
C
Tiet
dien
day
Fdd(mm
2
)
Do
ng
cho
phe
p
Icp(A)
Tra
ba
ng
14
8.9
14
62
8.9
14
62
8.9
Chng 6
261.
P28
396.9
400
23
0.93
430.1
PVC
P29
35
53.17
63
0.93
67.74
PVC
P30
46.2
87
70.32
80
0.93
86.02
PVC
350
376.3
4
PVC
1250
300
400
Nhom
1
Nhom
2
Nhom
3
Nhom
4
217.
331.01
87
765.
1162
27
175.
267.17
84
240.
365.4
5
Day dan chon
1400
2127
ngam, noi
2500
PV
C
PV
C
PV
C
PV
C
PV
1
1
0.93
1344 PVC
C
322.5
PV
1
1
0.93
PVC
8
C
PV
1
1
0.93
430.1 PVC
C
t tram bien ap en tu ien tong
K4
K5 K6
K7
PV
1
1
1
0.93
2688 PVC
C
1
0.93
185
450
8.7
22
82
8.9
25
88
8.9
150
420
8.7
600
137
5
8.17
120
355
8.7
185
450
8.7
800
310
0
8.17
Chng 6
Chon
6.1.2 XAC NH O SUT AP:

ta co bang (*) sau [1]:
o sut ap ln nhat cho phep t iem noi vao li ti ni
dung ien
Chieu
Cac loai tai
Loai tai
sang
khac
Tram khach hang trung/ha ap
c nuoi t li trung ap cong
6%
8%
cong
Khi sut ap vt qua gia tr bang tren th can phai s
dung day co tiet dien ln hn.
* TNH TOAN SUT AP IEU KIEN ON NH [1]:
Cong thc tnh sut ap:
Mach
Sut ap U
U% =
1 pha: pha/trung tnh
U = 2IBL.(Rcos+ Xsin)
3 pha can bang: 3 pha

(co hoac khong co
trung tnh)
Trong o:
U =
IBL.(Rcos+
Xsin)
3
100 U
Vn
U% =
100 U
Un
+ IB dong lam viec ln nhat (A);

+ L chieu dai day (km);
+ R ien tr cua day (/km);
R=
22 .5mm 2 / km
S (mm 2 )
oi vi day ong,
Vi S: tiet dien day (mm2), R c bo qua khi tiet dien

day ln hn 500mm2.
+ X cam khang cua day (/km);
X: c bo qua cho day co tiet dien nho hn
50mm2. Neu khong co thong tin nao khac th se cho X = 0.08
/km.
+ goc pha gia ien ap va dong trong day, khi
ong c khi ong
cos = 0.35.
Chng 6
Chon
+ Un ien ap day (V).

+ Vn ien ap pha (V).
TNH TOAN SUT AP CHI TIET:
-
Tnh toan sut ap cho tuyen day chieu sang tang

Ham L1:
+ oan day t Tram bien ap (TBA) en Tu ien tong

(TT):
chieu dai day L = 20 m.
tiet dien day F = 800 mm2.
dong lam viec IB = 2127 A.
cos = 0.87,
sin = 0.49.
ien tr cua oan day R = 0 v tiet dien day ln

hn 500 mm2.
cam khang cua oan day X = 0.08 /km.
sut ap tren oan day TBA TT :
U1 =
IBL.(Rcos+ Xsin) =
.2127.20.10-3. (0 +
0.08x0.49)
= 2.888 V.
+ Tng t ta co oan day t TT en Tu ien tang
Ham (T TH ):
dong lam viec IB = 71.67 A.
cos = 0.74,
sin = 0.67.
ien tr cua oan day R =
22 .5
= 0.45 /km.
50
cam khang cua oan day X = 0.08 /km.

sut ap tren oan day TT T - TH :
U2 =
IBL.(Rcos+ Xsin)
x71.67x40x10-3x(0.45x0.74 + 0.08x0.67)
= 1.917 V.
Chng 6
Chon
+ Tng t ta co oan day t T - TH en tuyen day

chieu sang tang Ham L1:
cos = 0.6,
sin = 0.8.
22 .5
= 22 .5 /km.
1
cam khang cua oan day X = 0, do tiet dien cua

day nho hn 50 mm2.
sut ap tren oan day T - TH L1 :
U3 = 2.IBL.(Rcos+ Xsin)
= 2x7.85x42x10-3x(22.5x0.6+ 0)
= 8.902 V.
Nh vay tong sut ap tren oan day t TBA L1 la
U = U1 + U2 + U3 = 2.888 + 1.917 + 8.902
= 13.7 V.
o sut ap phan tram U% =
100 U
100 x13 .7
= 6.24 % >
=
220
Vn
6%
khong thoa ieu kien bang (*), do o tang tiet
dien day dan F len 1.5mm2.

+ Ta co sut ap tren oan day T - TH L1:
tiet dien day F = 1.5 mm2.
cos = 0.6,
sin = 0.8.
22 .5
= 15 /km.
1.5
cam khang cua oan day X = 0, do tiet dien cua

day nho hn 50 mm2.
sut ap tren oan day T - TH L1 :

U3 = 2.IBL.(Rcos+ Xsin)
Chng 6
Chon
= 2x7.85x42x10-3x(15x0.6+ 0) = 5.935 V.
Nh vay tong sut ap tren oan day t TBA L1 la
U = U1 + U2 + U3 = 2.888 + 1.917 + 5.935
= 10.74 V.
o sut ap phan tram U% =
100 U
100 x10 .74
= 4.88 % <
=
220
Vn
6%
thoa ieu kien bang (*)
Khi kiem tra ieu kien sut ap, neu oan day nao khong
thoa ieu kien bang (*) th tang tiet dien day dan len
va kiem tra lai ieu kien tren. Vi cach tnh tng t nh
tren, ta co c bang ket qua sau:
- CHON DAY DAN CHO CAC TANG CUA TOA NHA:
T
in
TN
G
HM
TN
G1
on Dy
Chi
u Di
Dy
L
(m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm
2)
in
Tr
R
(/km
)
Cm
Khn
g
X
(/k
m)
Dng
Lm
Vic
IB (A)
Cos
TBA -T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T- TTH
40
50
0.45
0.08
71.6
7
0.74
T-TH - L1
42
22.5
7.85
0.6
0.8
42
1.5
15
7.85
0.6
0.8
T-TH - L2
14
22.5
7.85
0.6
0.8
L2 - CS
14
22.5
7.85
0.6
0.8
T-TH - L3
32
2.5
7.85
0.6
0.8
L3 - CS
64
2.5
7.85
0.6
0.8
T-TH - L4
26
1.5
15
9.4
0.6
0.8
L4 - CS
25
1.5
15
7.85
0.6
0.8
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T - T-1
2.812
T-T1- S1
20
2.5
T-T1- S2
20
2.5
21.0
6
18.1
8
18.1
0.76
Sin
0.4
9
0.6
7
0.4
9
0.6
5
0.8
0.6
0.8
0.6
St
p
St
p
tn
g
2.88
5
1.91
7
8.90
2
5.93
5
2.96
7
2.96
7
2.71
3
5.42
6
4.39
9
3.53
3
13.
7
10.
7
7.7
7
10.
7
7.5
2
12.
9
2.88
5
0.54
5
5.23
6
5.23
in
p
Li
220
0.0622
9
220
0.0488
220
0.0353
2
220
0.0488
220
220
9.2
220
12.
7
220
8.6
7
8.6
220
220
0.0341
6
0.0588
2
0.0418
2
0.0578
8
0.0393
9
0.0393
Chng 6
TN
G2
TN
G3
Chon
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
T-T1- S3
13
2.5
T-T1- S4
26
2.5
T-T1- S5
18
2.5
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T- T-T2
14
2.812
21.1
2
0.76
T-T2 - P1
22
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
P1 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T2 - P2
17
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
P2 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T2 - P3
26
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
P3 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T2 - P4
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P4 - CS
13
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T2 - P5
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P5 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T2 - S1
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T2 - S2
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T2 - S3
13
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T2 - S4
26
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T2 - S5
18
2.5
0.8
0.6
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T- T-T3
19
2.812
21.1
2
0.76
T-T3 - P1
22
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
P1 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T3 - P2
17
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
P2 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T3 - P3
26
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
P3 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
0.8
0.6
0.8
0.6
0.8
0.6
0.4
9
0.6
5
0.4
9
0.6
5
6
3.40
3
6.80
7
4.71
2
2.88
5
1.09
3
4.63
3
2.94
8
7
6.8
3
10.
2
8.1
4
3.79
1
5.47
6
2.94
8
1.66
9
2.73
8
0.47
7
3.79
1
8.6
1
11.
6
7.5
6
11.
3
9.4
5
12.
4
5.6
5
8.3
8
4.4
5
8.2
5
5.23
6
5.23
6
3.40
3
6.80
7
4.71
2
9.2
1
9.2
1
7.3
8
10.
8
8.6
9
3.58
2.88
5
1.48
4
4.63
3
2.94
8
3.58
3.79
1
5.47
6
2.94
8
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
12
220
7.9
5
11.
7
9.8
4
12.
8
220
220
220
220
9
0.0310
6
0.0465
3
0.0370
1
0.0391
4
0.0525
4
0.0343
6
0.0515
9
0.0429
7
0.0563
7
0.0256
7
0.0381
1
0.0202
5
0.0374
8
0.0418
8
0.0418
8
0.0335
5
0.0490
2
0.0395
0.0409
2
0.0543
2
0.0361
3
0.0533
6
0.0447
5
0.0581
5
Chng 6
T
in
TN
G3
TN
G4
Chon
T-T3 - P4
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P4 - CS
13
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
on Dy
Chi
u Di
Dy
L
(m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm
2)
in
Tr
R
(/km
)
Cm
Khn
g
X
(/k
m)
Dng
Lm
Vic
IB (A)
Cos
Sin
T-T3 - P5
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P5 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T3 - S1
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T3 - S2
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T3 - S3
13
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T3 - S4
26
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T3 - S5
18
2.5
0.8
0.6
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T- T-T4
22.5
2.812
21.1
2
0.76
T-T4 - P1
22
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
P1 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T4 - P2
17
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
P2 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T4 - P3
26
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
P3 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T4 - P4
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P4 - CS
13
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T4 - P5
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P5 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T4 - S1
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T4 - S2
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T4 - S3
13
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T4 - S4
26
2.5
0.8
0.6
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
0.4
9
0.6
5
1.66
9
2.73
8
6.0
4
8.7
8
St
p
St
p
tn
g
0.47
7
3.79
1
4.8
5
8.6
4
5.23
6
5.23
6
3.40
3
6.80
7
4.71
2
2.88
5
1.75
7
4.63
3
2.94
8
3.58
220
220
in
p
Li
220
220
9.6
220
9.6
220
7.7
7
11.
2
9.0
8
9.2
8
12.
2
8.2
2
3.79
1
5.47
6
2.94
8
1.66
9
2.73
8
0.47
7
3.79
1
10.
1
13.
1
6.3
1
9.0
5
5.1
2
8.9
1
5.23
6
5.23
6
3.40
3
6.80
7
9.8
8
9.8
8
8.0
5
11.
4
12
220
0.0274
4
0.0398
9
0.0220
2
0.0392
6
0.0436
6
0.0436
6
0.0353
3
220
0.0508
220
0.0412
8
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.0421
6
0.0555
6
0.0373
7
0.0546
0.0459
9
0.0593
9
0.0286
8
0.0411
3
0.0232
7
220
0.0405
220
0.0449
220
0.0449
220
220
0.0365
7
0.0520
4
Chng 6
TN
G5
Chon
T-T4 - S5
18
2.5
18.1
8
0.8
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T- T-T5
26
2.812
21.1
2
0.76
T-T5 - P1
22
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
P1 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T5 - P2
17
22.5
7.8
0.6
P2 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
T-T5 - P3
26
1.5
15
P3 - CS
14
22.5
T-T5 - P4
P4 - CS
13
T-T5 - P5
0.6
0.4
9
0.6
5
4.71
2
9.3
5
0.0425
2
220
0.0434
220
0.0568
2.88
5
2.03
4.63
3
2.94
8
9.5
5
12.
5
0.8
3.58
8.5
0.6
0.8
3.79
1
7.8
0.6
0.8
3.65
7.8
0.6
0.8
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P5 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
2.94
8
1.66
9
2.73
8
0.47
7
3.79
1
12.
3
8.5
7
11.
5
6.5
8
9.3
2
5.3
9
9.1
8
T-T5 - S1
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T5 - S2
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T5 - S3
13
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T5 - S4
26
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T5 - S5
18
2.5
0.8
0.6
5.23
6
5.23
6
3.40
3
6.80
7
4.71
2
10.
2
10.
2
8.3
2
11.
7
9.6
3
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.0386
2
0.0558
5
0.0389
3
0.0523
4
0.0299
3
0.0423
7
0.0245
1
0.0417
4
0.0461
4
0.0461
4
0.0378
1
0.0532
8
0.0437
6
Chng 6
T
in
TN
G6
TN
G7
Chon
on Dy
Chi
u Di
Dy
L
(m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm
2)
in
Tr
R
(/km
)
Cm
Khn
g
X
(/k
m)
Dng
Lm
Vic
IB (A)
Cos
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T- T-T6
29.5
2.812
21.1
2
0.76
T-T6 - P1
22
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
P1 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T6 - P2
17
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
3.58
P2 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
3.79
1
T-T6 - P3
26
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
3.65
P3 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T6 - P4
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P4 - CS
13
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T6 - P5
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P5 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T6 - S1
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T6 - S2
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T6 - S3
13
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T6 - S4
26
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T6 - S5
18
2.5
0.8
0.6
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T- T-T7
33
2.812
21.1
2
0.76
T-T7 - P1
22
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
P1 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T7 - P2
17
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
3.58
P2 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
3.79
1
T-T7 - P3
26
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
3.65
P3 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T7 - P4
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
Sin
0.4
9
0.6
5
0.4
9
0.6
5
St
p
2.88
5
2.30
4
4.63
3
2.94
8
2.94
8
1.66
9
2.73
8
0.47
7
3.79
1
5.23
6
5.23
6
3.40
3
6.80
7
4.71
2
2.88
5
2.57
7
4.63
3
2.94
8
2.94
8
1.66
St
p
tn
g
9.8
2
12.
8
8.7
7
12.
6
8.8
4
11.
8
6.8
6
9.6
5.6
7
9.4
6
10.
4
10.
4
8.5
9
in
p
Li
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
12
220
9.9
220
10.
1
220
13
220
9.0
4
12.
8
9.1
1
12.
1
7.1
220
220
220
220
220
0.0446
4
0.0580
5
0.0398
6
0.0570
9
0.0401
8
0.0535
8
0.0311
7
0.0436
1
0.0257
5
0.0429
8
0.0473
8
0.0473
8
0.0390
5
0.0545
2
0.045
0.0458
9
0.0592
9
0.0411
0.0583
3
0.0414
2
0.0548
2
0.0324
Chng 6
Chon
9
2.73
8
0.47
7
3.79
1
3
9.8
7
5.9
4
9.7
3
5.23
6
5.23
6
3.40
3
6.80
7
4.71
2
10.
7
10.
7
8.8
7
12.
3
10.
2
P4 - CS
13
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T7 - P5
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P5 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T7 - S1
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T7 - S2
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T7 - S3
13
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T7 - S4
26
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T7 - S5
18
2.5
0.8
0.6
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T- T-T8
36.5
2.812
21.1
2
0.76
T-T8 - P1
22
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P1 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T8 - P2
17
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
3.58
P2 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
3.79
1
T-T8 - P3
26
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
3.65
P3 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T8 - P4
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
T
in
on Dy
Chi
u Di
Dy
L
(m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm
2)
in
Tr
R
(/km
)
Cm
Khn
g
X
(/k
m)
Dng
Lm
Vic
IB (A)
Cos
Sin
TN
G8
P4 - CS
13
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T8 - P5
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P5 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T8 - S1
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T8 - S2
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T8 - S3
13
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T8 - S4
26
2.5
0.8
0.6
TN
G8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
0.4
9
0.6
5
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
1
0.0448
6
0.0269
9
0.0442
2
0.0486
3
0.0486
3
0.0403
0.0557
6
0.0462
5
2.88
5
2.85
3.08
9
2.94
8
2.94
8
1.66
9
St
p
2.73
8
0.47
7
3.79
1
5.23
6
5.23
6
3.40
3
6.80
7
8.8
2
11.
8
9.3
2
13.
1
9.3
9
12.
3
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.0401
1
0.0535
1
0.0423
4
0.0595
7
0.0426
6
0.0560
6
0.0336
5
7.4
220
St
p
tn
g
in
p
Li
220
0.0461
10.
1
6.2
1
220
10
220
11
220
11
220
9.1
4
12.
5
220
220
0.0282
4
0.0454
7
0.0498
7
0.0498
7
0.0415
4
0.0570
1
Chng 6
TN
G9
TN
G 10
Chon
T-T8 - S5
18
2.5
18.1
8
0.8
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T- T-T9
40
2.812
21.1
2
0.76
T-T9 - P1
22
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P1 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T9 - P2
17
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
3.58
P2 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
3.79
1
T-T9 - P3
26
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
3.65
P3 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T9 - P4
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P4 - CS
13
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T9 - P5
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P5 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T9 - S1
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T9 - S2
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T9 - S3
13
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T9 - S4
26
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T9 - S5
18
2.5
0.8
0.6
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T-TT10
43.5
2.812
21.1
2
0.76
T-T10 - P1
22
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P1 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T10 - P2
17
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P2 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T10 - P3
26
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P3 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T10 - P4
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P4 - CS
13
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T10 - P5
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
0.6
0.4
9
0.6
5
0.4
9
0.6
5
4.71
2
2.88
5
3.12
3
3.08
9
2.94
8
10.
4
220
9.1
220
12
220
2.94
8
1.66
9
2.73
8
0.47
7
3.79
1
9.5
9
13.
4
9.6
6
12.
6
7.6
8
10.
4
6.4
9
10.
3
5.23
6
5.23
6
3.40
3
6.80
7
4.71
2
11.
2
11.
2
9.4
1
12.
8
10.
7
2.88
5
3.39
7
3.08
9
2.94
8
2.38
7
3.79
1
3.65
2.94
8
1.66
9
2.73
8
0.47
9.3
7
12.
3
8.6
7
12.
5
9.9
3
12.
9
7.9
5
10.
7
6.7
220
220
0.0474
9
0.0413
5
0.0547
5
0.0435
8
0.0608
2
220
0.0439
220
0.0573
1
220
0.0349
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.0473
4
0.0294
8
0.0467
1
0.0511
1
0.0511
1
0.0427
8
0.0582
5
0.0487
3
0.0425
9
0.0559
9
0.0394
0.0566
3
0.0451
5
0.0585
5
0.0361
4
0.0485
8
0.0307
Chng 6
T
in
TN
G 11
TN
G 12
P5 - CS
18
22.5
T-T10 - S1
20
2.5
T-T10 - S2
20
2.5
T-T10 - S3
13
2.5
T-T10 - S4
26
2.5
T-T10 - S5
18
2.5
on Dy
Chi
u Di
Dy
L
(m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm
2)
in
Tr
R
(/km
)
Cm
Khn
g
X
(/k
m)
TBA - T-T
20
800
T-T-TT11
47
T-T11 - P1
22
P1 - CS
Chon
7.8
0.6
0.8
0.8
0.6
0.8
0.6
0.8
0.6
0.8
0.6
0.8
0.6
Dng
Lm
Vic
IB (A)
Cos
Sin
0.08
2127
0.87
2.812
21.1
2
0.76
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T11 - P2
17
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P2 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T11 - P3
26
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P3 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T11 - P4
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P4 - CS
13
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T11 - P5
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P5 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T11 - S1
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T11 - S2
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T11 - S3
13
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T11 - S4
26
3.5
6.428
0.8
0.6
T-T11 - S5
18
2.5
0.8
0.6
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T-TT12
50.5
2.812
21.1
0.76
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
0.4
9
0.6
5
0.4
9
0.6
7
3.79
1
6
10.
5
5.23
6
5.23
6
3.40
3
6.80
7
4.71
2
11.
5
11.
5
9.6
8
13.
1
St
p
220
220
220
220
220
11
220
St
p
tn
g
in
p
Li
2
0.0479
5
0.0523
5
0.0523
5
0.0440
2
0.0594
9
0.0499
7
2.88
5
3.67
3.08
9
2.94
8
2.38
7
3.79
1
3.65
2.94
8
1.66
9
2.73
8
0.47
7
3.79
1
5.23
6
5.23
6
3.40
3
4.86
1
4.71
2
2.88
5
3.94
9.6
4
12.
6
8.9
4
12.
7
10.
2
13.
2
8.2
2
11
7.0
3
10.
8
11.
8
11.
8
9.9
6
11.
4
11.
3
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.0438
3
0.0572
4
0.0406
4
0.0578
7
0.0463
9
0.0597
9
0.0373
8
0.0498
3
0.0319
6
0.0491
9
0.0535
9
0.0535
9
0.0452
6
0.0518
9
0.0512
1
Chng 6
Chon
T-T12 - P1
22
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P1 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T12 - P2
17
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P2 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T12 - P3
26
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P3 - CS
14
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T12 - P4
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P4 - CS
13
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T12 - P5
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P5 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T12 - S1
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T12 - S2
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T12 - S3
13
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T12 - S4
26
3.5
6.428
0.8
0.6
T-T12 - S5
18
2.5
0.8
0.6
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T-TT13
54
2.812
21.1
2
0.76
T-T13 - P1
22
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P1 - CS
14
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T13 - P2
17
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P2 - CS
18
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T13 - P3
26
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P3 - CS
14
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T13 - P4
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
T
in
on Dy
Chi
u Di
Dy
L
(m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm
2)
in
Tr
R
(/km
)
Dng
Lm
Vic
IB (A)
Cos
Sin
TN
P4 - CS
13
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
TN
G 13
Cm
Khn
g
X
(/k
m)
0
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
0.4
9
0.6
5
3
3.08
9
2.94
8
2.38
7
3.79
1
3.65
1.96
6
1.66
9
2.73
8
0.47
7
3.79
1
5.23
6
5.23
6
3.40
3
4.86
1
4.71
2
2.88
5
4.21
7
3.08
9
2.94
8
2.38
7
2.52
7
3.65
1.96
6
1.66
9
9.9
2
12.
9
9.2
1
13
10.
5
12.
4
8.5
11.
2
7.3
1
11.
1
12.
1
12.
1
10.
2
11.
7
11.
5
10.
2
13.
1
9.4
9
12
10.
8
12.
7
8.7
7
St
p
St
p
tn
g
2.73
8
11.
5
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.0450
8
0.0584
8
0.0418
9
0.0591
2
0.0476
3
0.0565
6
0.0386
2
0.0510
7
220
0.0332
220
0.0504
4
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
in
p
Li
220
0.0548
4
0.0548
4
0.0465
1
0.0531
3
0.0524
6
0.0463
2
0.0597
2
0.0431
3
0.0546
2
0.0488
7
0.0578
1
0.0398
7
0.0523
1
Chng 6
G 13
TN
G 14
Chon
T-T13 - P5
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P5 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T13 - S1
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T13 - S2
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T13 - S3
13
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T13 - S4
26
3.5
6.428
0.8
0.6
T-T13 - S5
18
2.5
0.8
0.6
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
T-T-TT14
57.5
2.812
21.1
2
0.76
T-T14 - P1
22
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P1 - CS
14
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T14 - P2
17
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P2 - CS
18
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T14 - P3
26
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
P3 - CS
14
1.5
15
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T14 - P4
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P4 - CS
13
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T14 - P5
22.5
8.83
0.6
0.8
P5 - CS
18
22.5
7.8
0.6
0.8
T-T14 - S1
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T14 - S2
20
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T14 - S3
13
2.5
0.8
0.6
T-T14 - S4
26
3.5
6.428
0.8
0.6
T-T14 - S5
18
2.5
0.8
0.6
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
18.1
8
0.4
9
0.6
5
0.47
7
3.79
1
7.5
8
11.
4
5.23
6
5.23
6
3.40
3
4.86
1
4.71
2
12.
3
12.
3
10.
5
220
220
220
220
220
0.0344
5
0.0516
8
0.0560
8
0.0560
8
0.0477
5
0.0543
8
12
220
11.
8
220
0.0537
220
0.0475
6
220
0.0565
2.88
5
4.49
3.08
9
1.96
6
2.38
7
2.52
7
10.
5
12.
4
9.7
6
12.
3
3.65
11
220
13
220
1.96
6
1.66
9
2.73
8
0.47
7
3.79
1
9.0
4
11.
8
7.8
5
11.
6
5.23
6
5.23
6
3.40
3
4.86
1
4.71
2
12.
6
12.
6
10.
8
12.
2
12.
1
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
220
0.0443
7
0.0558
6
0.0501
1
0.0590
5
0.0411
1
0.0535
5
0.0356
9
0.0529
2
0.0573
2
0.0573
2
0.0489
9
0.0556
2
0.0549
4
- CHON DAY DAN CHO CAC THIET B ONG C:

+ Luc hoat ong bnh thng:
on Dy
Chi
u Di
Dy
L (m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm
2)
in
Tr
R
(/k
m)
TBA - T-T
20
800
Cm
Khn
g
X
(/k
m)
0.08
Dng
Lm
Vic
I (A)
Cos
Sin
St
p
2127
0.87
0.49
2.88
St
p
tn
g
in
p
Li
Chng 6
Chon
5
2.17
2
5.0
6
380
0.0133
1
2.88
5
2.58
8
5.4
7
380
0.0144
2.88
5
2.65
5
5.5
4
380
0.0145
8
5.5
6
380
0.0146
2
2.88
5
0.14
7
3.0
3
380
0.0079
8
2.88
5
9.21
7
12.
1
380
0.0318
5
St
p
tn
g
i
n
p
Li
2.88
5
9.21
1
12.
1
380
0.0318
3
2.88
5
12.2
9
15.
2
380
0.0399
4
2.88
5
0.19
1
3.0
8
380
0.0080
9
2.88
5
0.19
1
3.0
8
380
0.0080
9
2.88
5
2.72
2
5.6
1
380
0.0147
6
53.1
7
0.7
0.71
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
600
0.08
367.
9
0.75
0.66
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T- chiller
2
79
600
0.08
367.
9
0.75
0.66
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
2.88
5
T-T- diezel
20
22.5
4.9
0.7
0.71
2.67
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T- bm
cha chy
22
1.022
59.2
5
0.7
0.71
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T- qut
tng p
60
3.75
29.6
0.8
0.6
on Dy
Chie
u
Di
Dy
L (m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm
2)
in
Tr
R
(/km
)
Cm
Khn
g
X
(/km
)
Dng
Lm
Vic
I (A)
Cos
Sin
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T- qut
ht khi
60
22.5
4.93
0.8
0.6
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T- qut
ht T.hm
40
22.5
9.87
0.8
0.6
0.8
0.6
TT-TTMy1
33
22
1.022
TBA -T-T
20
800
T-Tchiller1
77
TBA -T-T
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T- bm
NSH
14
1.6
49.3
0.7
0.71
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T- bm
nc thi
14
1.6
49.3
0.7
0.71
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T- chiller
3
81
600
0.08
367.
9
0.75
0.66
St
p
Chng 6
Chon
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T- Tmy
2
33
22
1.022
53.1
7
0.7
0.71
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T- CS BN
80
25
0.9
70.3
2
0.8
0.6
2.88
5
2.17
2
5.0
6
380
0.0133
1
2.88
5
7.00
7
9.8
9
380
0.0260
3
+ Luc ong c khi ong:
on Dy
Chi
u Di
Dy
L (m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm
2)
in
Tr
R
(/km
)
Cm
Khn
g
X
(/km
)
Dng
Lm
Vic
I (A)
Cos
Sin
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
20
0.87
0.49
TT-TTMy1
33
22
1.022
33
0.35
0.93
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
20
0.87
0.49
T-T-chiller1
77
600
0.08
77
0.35
0.93
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
20
0.87
0.49
T-T-chiller
2
79
600
0.08
79
0.35
0.93
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
20
0.87
0.49
T-T-diezel
20
22.5
20
0.35
0.93
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
20
0.87
0.49
T-T-bm
cha chy
22
1.022
0.35
0.93
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
20
0.87
0.49
T-T-qut
tng p
60
2.81
60
0.35
0.93
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
20
0.87
0.49
T-T-qut
ht khi
60
1.5
15
60
0.35
0.93
on Dy
Chi
u Di
Dy
L (m)
Tit
Din
Dy
F(mm
2)
in
Tr
R
(/km
)
Cm
Khn
g
X
(/km
)
Dng
Lm
Vic
I (A)
Cos
Sin
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T-qut
40
1.5
15
69.09
0.35
0.93
St
p
tn
g
i
n
p
Li
2.88
5
7.60
1
10.
5
380
0.0275
9
2.88
5
25.5
2
28.
4
380
0.0747
5
2.88
5
26.1
8
29.
1
380
0.0765
2.88
5
9.34
6
12.
2
380
0.0321
9
3.4
380
0.0089
4
24
380
0.0632
21.
7
380
0.0570
8
St
p
tn
g
i
n
p
Li
28
380
0.0736
St
p
2.88
5
0.51
4
2.88
5
21.1
3
2.88
5
18.8
1
St
p
2.88
5
25.1
Chng 6
Chon
ht T.hm
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T-bm
NSH
14
1.6
555
0.35
0.93
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T-bm
nc thi
14
1.6
345
0.35
0.93
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T-chiller
3
81
600
0.08
2575
0.35
0.93
TBA - T-T
20
800
0.08
2127
0.87
0.49
T-T-Tmy 2
33
22
1.022
372
0.35
0.93
6.2
2.88
5
1.07
5
3.9
6
380
0.0104
2
2.88
5
0.66
8
3.5
5
380
0.0093
5
2.88
5
26.8
5
29.
7
380
0.0782
4
2.88
5
7.59
7
10.
5
380
0.0275
8
LA CHON THIET B BAO VE CB
(CIRCUIT
BREAKER):
e hieu ro hn ve hoat ong cua CB, chung ta khao sat
ac tnh van hanh cua CB tac ong theo kieu t nhiet sau:
t
1
2
3
4
5
0
Ir
Im
1: Bao ve qua tai

2: Tao thi gian tre bao ve qua tai
3: Bao ve ngan mach
4: Tao 5:
thi
gian
bao
ve ngan mach
Bao
vetre
dong
ngan
mach gia tr ln,
(cat
tc thi)
Hnh 6.1. ac tnh van hanh cua CB tac ong theo kieu
t nhiet.
Cac ieu kien chon CB:
Um Um li
(6.4)
Im Ilvmax (dong lam viec ln nhat i qua thiet b).
(6.5)
Chng 6
Chon
Im Kbv. Icp
(6.6)
Itt INmin (dong ngan mach nho nhat i qua CB).
(6.7)
Icatm INmax (dong ngan mach ln nhat i qua CB).
(6.8)
Trong o: Kbv he so the hien s phoi hp bao ve vi day
dan.
Itt dong tac ong tc thi.
Icatm dong cat nh mc cua thiet b bao ve.
Icp dong cho phep cua day sau khi hieu chnh.
Trong mang ien ha ap co the xem dong ngan mach ln
nhat la dong ngan mach ba pha va dong ngan mach nho
nhat la dong ngan mach mot pha (v s o noi at cua
toa nha co dang TN ieu nay se c trnh bay chi tiet
trong chng noi at nen dong ngan mach mot pha co the
xem la dong cham vo).
V vay sau ay tac gia se lan lt tnh dong ngan mach
mot pha va ba pha e la chon CB.
6.2.2
Tnh toan la chon thiet b bao ve CB :
* Tnh toan ngan mach:

Theo tieu chuan IEC ta co c phan tnh toan ngan mach
sau:[1]
Bang tom tat tnh tong tr cac phan t trong he thong
cung cap ien
RB =
May bien ap
ZB =
CB
Thanh gop
PN .U 2 dm 3
.10
S 2 dm
UN %U
.
S dm
dm
XB =
Z 2B R2B
.10
R c bo qua
Bo qua oi vi
day dan co tiet
dien S > 200 mm2.
Trng hp khac R
L
=
XCB = 0.15m/cc
XTG = 0.15m/m
Day dan (*)

ong c ien
Cap: XC =
0.0815m/m
S
Thng c bo qua li ha ap
R=
Chng 6
Dong ngan mach 3

pha
Chon
380
Isc=
Dong ngan mach 1

pha
Isc=
3 R 2t + X 2t
220
2
R ' t + X 2t
(6.9)
(6.10)
Trong o:
: ien tr suat cua day nhiet o bnh thng, ong
= 22.5mxmm2/m.
(*): neu co vai day dan trong pha th chia ien tr cua
1 day cho so day. Con cam khang th hau nh khong
thay oi.
Rt : ien tr tong (m)
Xt : cam khang tong (m).
Rt = Rt + RPE : ien tr tong trong trng hp ngan mach

1 pha mang co s o la TN.
Hai cong thc tnh dong ngan mach (6.9) va (6.10), c
tnh vi ien ap day la 380V va ien ap pha la 220V, bo
qua sut ap tren ng day.
* Tnh toan ngan mach tai thanh cai cua tu ien tong:
- Theo tieu chuan IEC, gia s he thong trung ap co Psc
= 500 MVA
=> Rht = 0.053 m,
Xht = 0.353 m.
- Tram bien ap 2x1000MVA:

ien tr cua mot may bien ap:
PN .U 2 dm 3
RB1 =
.10
S 2 dm
12 x0.4 2
.10 3 = 1.92 m.
1000 2
Tong tr cua mot may bien ap:

ZB1
UN %U
. 2 dm
.10 =
=
S dm
5.5 x 0.4 2
.10 =
1000
8.8 m.
ien khang cua mot may bien ap:

XB1 =
Z 2 B1 R 2 B1 =
8.8 2 1.92 2 = 8.58 m.
V tram bien ap co 2 may bien ap 1000 KVA, nen:
Chng 6
Chon
ien tr cua tram bien ap RB =
R B1 1.92
=
= 0.96 m .
2
2
ien khang cua tram bien ap XB =
X B1 8.58
=
= 4.29 m .
2
2
- Day dan co chieu dai 20m noi t MBA TT:

ien tr day dan : Rc = 0 do day dan co tiet dien S = 800
mm2 > 200 mm2.
ien khang day dan : Xc = 0.08 x 20 = 1.6 m
ien tr tong t he thong trung li trung ap en
tu ien tong:
Rt = Rht + RB + Rc = 0.053 + 0.96 + 0 = 1.013 m.
ien khang tong t he thong trung li trung ap
en tu ien tong:
Xt = Xht + XB + Xc = 0.353 + 4.29 + 1.6 = 6.243 m.
Dong ngan mach ba pha tai tu ien tong :
Isc=
380
3 R 2T + X 2T
380
3 1.013 2 + 6.243 2
= 34 .78 KA .
Theo bang ket qua ben di ta co:

Tai tuyen day P1 cua tu ien tang 1 co Rt = 516.98 m va Xt =
10.775 m,
Tnh toan ien tr cua day bao ve PE can c vao cac
tieu chuan sau:
- Sph 16 mm2
- 16 < Sph 35 mm2
- Sph > 35 mm2
=> SPE = Sph

=> SPE = 16 mm2
=> SPE =
Va: S o TN: SN = Spha neu
S ph
2
Spha 16 mm2 (day ong) cho
cac mach mot pha.

SN = 0.5Spha cho cac trng hp con lai vi lu
y la day trung tnh phai co bao ve thch hp.
S o TN-C c dung khi tiet dien day pha 10 mm2
(day ong).
Chng 6
Chon
S o TN-S bat buoc dung khi tiet dien day pha < 10
mm2 (day ong).
RPE =
22 .5 x 22 22 .5 x7 0
+
+ = 514 .68 m .
1
8
2
Rt = Rt + RPE = 516.98 + 514.68 = 1031.66 m.

Tnh gan ung co the xem RPE Rt = 516.98 x 2 = 1033.96 m. (bo
qua day noi tai tu ien).
Do o dong ngan mach 1 pha tren ng day P 1 cua tu ien
tang 1 la:
Isc=
220
R
'2
+X
=
t
220
1033 .96 2 +10 .775 2
= 0.213 KA .
Sau khi co c ket qua tnh toan ngan mach ta tien hanh
la chon CB theo cac ieu kien (6.4) en (6.8); lu y la, oi
vi cac thiet b la ong c th can quan tam en dong
khi ong cua ong c (dong khi ong cua ong c Ik co
the gap 5-7 lan dong lam viec ln nhat Ilvmax). Do o Itt >
Ik 7Ilvmax.
Vi cach tnh tng t nh tren, ta co bang ket qua tnh
toan ngan mach va la chon CB sau:
chiu
di
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
R(m
)
X(m
)
3
0.96
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
0.56
20.85
1
8.383
Chng 6
day
dan
H thng
trung va thiet b bao ve
0.05
p
0.353
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
Dy dn 1(1m)
150
T-T1
CB-T1
Dy dn11(0.4m)
0.4
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
19.6
88
0
1.12
5
0.05
3
0.96
800
Xt(m
)
Isc(KA
)
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
1.013
7.293
0.032
8.865
9.284
2
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
0.56
20.85
1
8.383
T-T1
CB-T1
Dy dn11(0.4m)
0.4
CB-P1
19.6
88
0
1.12
5
0
1.013
0.032
21.97
6
495
1.76
1034
P1-CS
14
630
1.12
1664
0
382.
5
0.15
1.36
808.9
5
810
1.44
1619
0.15
17
P2-CS
18
CB-P3
P3
26
585
2.08
1214
P3-CS
14
630
1.12
1844
0
157.
5
0.15
585
1.04
0.15
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
13
CB-P5
0.56
P5
45
0.16
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
0.3
CB-S1
S1
20
2.5
180
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60H
25
10
NF250
0-S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60H
25
10
C60H
10
10
C60a
16
4.5
C60a
16
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
29.87
9
27.81
6
9.789
7
8.865
9.284
2
10.77
5
11.89
5
0.212
8
0.132
2
13.40
5
14.84
5
0.271
9
0.135
9
17.07
5
18.19
5
0.181
2
0.119
3
0.15
22
P2
7.293
0.45
P1
CB-P2
NF250
0-S
4.29
150
Icn
0.353
CB tng
mCB
Chon
27.81
6
9.789
7
21.97
6
1.6
Dy dn 1 (1m)
M
hiu
CB
29.87
9
0.45
MBA ->TT
20
Rt(m
)
1.6
358.9
5
943.9
5
18.90
5
19.94
5
0.612
0.233
133.9
5
943.9
5
20.25
5
21.69
5
1.623
9
403.9
5
10.76
5
0.544
4
0.233
Chng 6
Chon
tit
din
R(m
(mm2
)
thiet) b bao
chiu
di
(m)
Chng 6
day dan va
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
CB-S5
S5
18
2.5
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
X(m
)
Rt(m
)
Xt(m
)
Isc(K
A)
117
1.04
277.9
5
10.20
5
0.791
0.3
511.9
5
11.24
5
0.429
6
367.9
5
10.60
5
0.597
7
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
ve
234
2.08
0.3
162
1.44
0.96
0.35
3
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
1.12
40.53
8
8.943
0.45
0.03
2
0.15
41.66
3
9.425
1073.
3
1703.
3
11.33
5
12.45
5
MBA ->TT
0.053
20
800
Dy dn 1 (1m)
150
T-T2
14
CB-T2
Dy dn12(0.4m)
0.4
39.37
5
0
1.125
0
CB-P1
P1
22
495
1.76
P1-CS
14
630
1.12
0.15
CB-P2
P2
17
382.5
1.36
P2-CS
18
810
1.44
0.15
CB-P3
P3
26
585
2.08
P3-CS
14
630
1.12
0.15
CB-P4
P4
157.5
0.56
P4-CS
13
585
1.04
0.15
CB-P5
P5
45
0.16
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
0.3
CB-S1
S1
20
2.5
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
180
1.6
0.3
180
1.6
0.3
117
1.04
0.3
234
2.08
1.013
7.293
M
hiu
CB
ImCB
Chon
Icn
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF250
0-S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60N
25
C60N
10
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
29.87
9
27.81
6
5.299
6
5.150
3
0.205
0.129
2
848.3
3
1658.
3
13.96
5
15.40
5
0.259
3
0.132
7
1253.
3
1883.
3
17.63
5
18.75
5
0.175
5
0.116
8
398.3
3
983.3
3
19.46
5
20.50
5
0.551
7
0.223
7
173.3
3
983.3
3
20.81
5
22.25
5
1.260
2
0.223
7
443.3
3
11.32
5
0.496
1
443.3
3
11.32
5
0.496
1
317.3
3
10.76
5
0.692
9
551.3
3
11.80
5
0.398
9
tit
din
R(m
(mm2
)
thiet) b bao
chiu
di
(m)
Chng 6
day dan va
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
X(m
)
ve
Rt(m
)
Xt(m
)
Isc(KA
)
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
0.05
3
0.35
3
0.96
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
1.52
54.60
1
9.343
0.45
0.03
2
0.15
55.72
6
9.825
3.888
1101.
5
1731.
5
11.73
5
12.85
5
0.199
7
0.127
1
876.4
5
1686.
5
14.36
5
15.80
5
1281.
5
1911.
5
18.03
5
19.15
5
MBA ->TT
20
800
Dy dn 1 (1m)
150
T-T3
19
CB-T3
Dy dn13(0.4m)
0.4
CB-P1
53.4
38
0
1.12
5
0
P1
22
495
1.76
P1-CS
14
630
1.12
0
382.
5
0.15
810
1.44
0.15
CB-P2
P2
17
P2-CS
18
CB-P3
1.36
P3
26
585
2.08
P3-CS
14
630
1.12
0
157.
5
0.15
585
1.04
0.15
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
13
CB-P5
0.56
P5
45
0.16
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
0.3
CB-S1
S1
20
2.5
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
CB-S5
S5
18
2.5
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
180
1.6
0.3
180
1.6
0.3
117
1.04
0.3
234
2.08
0.3
162
1.44
0.05
3
0.96
0.35
3
4.29
1.6
1.013
7.293
M
hiu
CB
ImCB
Chon
Icn
NF250
0-S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
29.87
9
27.81
6
3.971
5
0.251
0.130
4
0.171
7
0.115
1
426.4
5
1011.
5
19.86
5
20.90
5
0.515
3
0.217
5
201.4
5
1011.
5
21.21
5
22.65
5
1.086
1
0.217
5
471.4
5
11.72
5
0.466
5
471.4
5
11.72
5
0.466
5
345.4
5
11.16
5
0.636
5
579.4
5
12.20
5
0.379
6
435.4
5
11.56
5
0.505
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
chiu
di
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
R(m
)
X(m
)
Rt(m
)
Xt(m
)
Dy dn 1 (1m)
150
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
T-T4
22.5
1.8
64.44
4
9.623
0.45
0.03
2
0.15
65.56
9
10.10
5
3.316
1
1121.
1
1751.
1
12.01
5
13.13
5
0.196
2
0.125
6
896.1
4
1706.
1
14.64
5
16.08
5
0.245
5
0.128
9
Chng 6
CB-T4
Dy dn14(0.4m)
0.4
63.28
1
0
1.125
0
CB-P1
P1
22
495
1.76
P1-CS
14
630
1.12
0.15
CB-P2
P2
17
382.5
1.36
P2-CS
18
810
1.44
0.15
CB-P3
P3
26
585
2.08
P3-CS
14
630
1.12
0.15
CB-P4
P4
157.5
0.56
P4-CS
13
585
1.04
0.15
CB-P5
P5
45
0.16
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
0.3
CB-S1
S1
20
2.5
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
CB-S5
S5
18
2.5
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
180
1.6
0.3
180
1.6
0.3
117
1.04
0.3
234
2.08
0.3
162
1.44
18.31
5
19.43
5
0.169
1
0.113
9
446.1
4
1031.
1
20.14
5
21.18
5
0.492
6
0.213
3
221.1
4
1031.
1
21.49
5
22.93
5
0.990
2
0.213
3
491.1
4
12.00
5
0.447
8
491.1
4
12.00
5
0.447
8
365.1
4
11.44
5
0.602
2
599.1
4
12.48
5
0.367
1
455.1
4
11.84
5
0.483
2
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
0.96
0
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
2.08
74.28
8
9.903
75.41
10.38
MBA ->TT
20
800
Dy dn 1(1m)
150
T-T5
26
CB-T5
Dy dn1-
73.12
5
0
0.45
0.03
1.013
7.293
M
hiu
CB
mCB
Chon
Icn
27.81
6
3.376
4
1301.
1
1931.
1
0.35
3
4.29
0.053
Isc(KA
)
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF250
0-S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
29.87
9
27.81
6
2.935
5
tit
din
R(m
(mm2
)
thiet) b bao
chiud
i
(m)
Chng 6
day dan va
X(m
)
ve
P2
17
382.
5
1.36
P2-CS
18
810
1.44
0.15
CB-P3
P3
26
585
2.08
P3-CS
14
630
1.12
0
157.
5
0.15
585
1.04
0.15
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
13
CB-P5
0.56
P5
45
0.16
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
0.3
CB-S1
S1
20
2.5
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
CB-S5
2.5
1.6
0.3
180
1.6
0.3
117
1.04
0.3
234
2.08
0.3
Xt(m
)
Isc(K
A)
915.8
3
1725.
8
14.92
5
16.36
5
0.240
2
0.127
5
1320.
8
1950.
8
18.59
5
19.71
5
0.166
5
0.112
8
465.8
3
1050.
8
20.42
5
21.46
5
0.471
8
0.209
3
240.8
3
1050.
8
21.77
5
23.21
5
0.909
8
0.209
3
510.8
3
12.28
5
0.430
6
510.8
3
12.28
5
0.430
6
384.8
3
11.72
5
0.571
4
618.8
3
12.76
5
0.355
4
474.8
3
12.12
5
0.463
2
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
162
1.44
0.05
3
0.96
0.35
3
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
27.81
6
2.36
84.13
2
10.18
3
2.596
S5
18
180
Rt(m
)
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
Dy dn 1(1m)
150
T-T6
29.5
CB-T6
Dy dn16(0.4m)
0.4
CB-P1
82.9
69
0
1.12
5
0
0.45
0.03
2
0.15
P1
22
495
1.76
P1-CS
14
630
1.12
0
382.
5
0.15
810
1.44
0.15
CB-P2
P2
17
P2-CS
18
CB-P3
1.36
1.013
7.293
M
hiu
CB
ImCB
Chon
Icn
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF250
0-S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
29.87
9
85.25
7
10.66
5
2.560
5
1160.
5
1790.
5
12.57
5
13.69
5
0.189
6
0.122
9
935.5
1
1745.
5
15.20
5
16.64
5
0.235
1
0.126
tit
din
R(m
(mm2
)
thiet)b bao
chiu
di
(m)
Chng 6
day dan va
CB-P5
X(m
)
ve
45
0.16
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
0.3
S1
20
2.5
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
CB-S5
2.5
Isc(KA
)
260.5
1
1070.
5
22.05
5
23.49
5
0.841
5
0.205
5
530.5
1
12.56
5
0.414
6
180
1.6
0.3
530.5
1
12.56
5
0.414
6
180
1.6
0.3
404.5
1
12.00
5
0.543
6
117
1.04
0.3
234
2.08
0.3
638.5
1
13.04
5
0.344
5
494.5
1
12.40
5
0.444
7
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
162
1.44
0.05
3
0.96
0.35
3
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
2.64
93.97
6
10.46
3
27.81
6
2.326
7
0.45
0.03
2
0.15
95.10
1
10.94
5
2.298
2
1180.
2
1810.
2
12.85
5
13.97
5
0.186
4
0.121
5
15.48
5
16.92
5
0.230
3
0.124
6
S5
18
Xt(m
)
0.15
P5
CB-S1
Rt(m
)
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
Dy dn 1(1m)
150
T-T7
33
CB-T7
Dy dn17(0.4m)
0.4
CB-P1
92.8
13
0
1.12
5
0
1.013
P1
22
495
1.76
P1-CS
14
630
1.12
0
382.
5
0.15
1.36
955.2
810
1.44
1765.
2
0.15
CB-P2
P2
17
P2-CS
18
CB-P3
1360.
2
1990.
2
P3
26
585
2.08
P3-CS
14
630
1.12
0
157.
5
0.15
0.56
505.2
585
1.04
1090.
2
0.15
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
13
CB-P5
P5
45
0.16
280.2
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
1090.
2
7.293
M
hiu
CB
ImCB
Chon
Icn
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF250
0-S
250
0
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
29.87
9
19.15
5
20.27
5
0.161
7
0.110
5
20.98
5
22.02
5
0.435
1
0.201
8
22.33
5
23.77
5
0.782
7
0.201
7
tit
din
(mm2
thiet )b
chiud
i
(m)
Chng 6
day dan va
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
CB-S5
2.5
X(m
)
0.3
bao ve
117
1.04
0.3
234
2.08
0.3
Rt(m
)
Xt(m
)
Isc(KA
)
424.2
12.28
5
0.518
4
658.2
13.32
5
0.334
2
514.2
12.68
5
0.427
7
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
162
1.44
0.05
3
0.96
0.35
3
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
2.92
103.8
2
10.74
3
27.81
6
2.107
8
0.45
0.03
2
0.15
104.9
4
11.22
5
2.084
5
1199.
9
1829.
9
13.13
5
14.25
5
0.183
3
0.120
2
974.8
9
1784.
9
15.76
5
17.20
5
0.225
6
0.123
3
1379.
9
2009.
9
19.43
5
20.55
5
0.159
4
0.109
5
524.8
9
1109.
9
21.26
5
22.30
5
0.418
8
0.198
2
299.8
9
1109.
9
22.61
5
24.05
5
0.731
5
0.198
2
569.8
9
13.12
5
0.385
9
569.8
9
13.12
5
0.385
9
443.8
9
12.56
5
0.495
4
677.8
13.60
0.324
S5
18
R(m
)
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
Dy dn 1(1m)
150
T-T8
36.5
CB-T8
Dy dn18(0.4m)
0.4
CB-P1
102.
66
0
1.12
5
0
P1
22
495
1.76
P1-CS
14
630
1.12
0
382.
5
0.15
810
1.44
0.15
CB-P2
P2
17
P2-CS
18
CB-P3
1.36
P3
26
585
2.08
P3-CS
14
630
1.12
0
157.
5
0.15
585
1.04
0.15
CB-P4
P4
P4-CS
13
CB-P5
0.56
P5
45
0.16
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
0.3
CB-S1
S1
20
2.5
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
180
1.6
0.3
180
1.6
0.3
117
1.04
0.3
234
2.08
1.013
7.293
M
hiu
CB
ImCB
Chon
Icn
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF250
0-S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
29.87
9
Chng 6
Chon
tit
din
R(m
(mm2
)
thiet) b bao
chiu
di
(m)
Chng 6
day dan va
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
X(m
)
ve
0.96
0.35
3
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
MBA ->TT
0.053
20
800
Rt(m
)
Xt(m
)
Isc(KA
)
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
1.013
7.293
150
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
T-T9
40
112.5
3.2
113.6
6
11.02
3
0.45
0.03
2
0.15
114.7
9
11.50
5
1.907
1219.
6
1849.
6
13.41
5
14.53
5
0.180
4
0.118
9
994.5
8
1804.
6
16.04
5
17.48
5
0.221
2
0.121
9
1399.
6
2029.
6
19.71
5
20.83
5
0.157
2
0.108
4
544.5
8
1129.
6
21.54
5
22.58
5
0.403
7
0.194
7
0.4
1.125
0
CB-P1
P1
22
495
1.76
P1-CS
14
630
1.12
0.15
CB-P2
P2
17
382.5
1.36
P2-CS
18
810
1.44
0.15
CB-P3
P3
26
585
2.08
P3-CS
14
630
1.12
0.15
CB-P4
P4
157.5
0.56
P4-CS
13
585
1.04
0.15
CB-P5
P5
45
0.16
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
0.3
CB-S1
S1
20
2.5
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
CB-S5
S5
18
2.5
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
180
1.6
0.3
180
1.6
0.3
117
1.04
0.3
234
2.08
0.3
162
0.96
0.35
3
4.29
1.6
0.053
20
800
1.44
Icn
NF250
0-S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
27.81
6
1.926
5
Dy dn19(0.4m)
ImCB
Chon
29.87
9
Dy dn 1(1m)
CB-T9
M
hiu
CB
319.5
8
1129.
6
22.89
5
24.33
5
0.686
7
0.194
7
589.5
8
13.40
5
0.373
1
589.5
8
13.40
5
0.373
1
463.5
8
12.84
5
0.474
4
697.5
8
13.88
5
0.315
3
553.5
8
13.24
5
0.397
3
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
Chng 6
Chon
tit
din
(mm2
thiet )b
chiu
di
(m)
Chng 6
day dan va
Dy dn 1(1m)
150
T-T10
43.5
CB-T10
Dy dn110(0.4m)
0.4
CB-P1
R(m
)
X(m
)
Rt(m
)
Xt(m
)
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
3.48
123.5
1
11.30
3
bao ve
122.3
4
0
1.125
0.032
0.15
22
495
1.76
P1-CS
14
630
1.12
0.15
P2
17
382.5
1.36
P2-CS
18
810
1.44
0.15
CB-P3
P3
26
585
2.08
P3-CS
14
630
1.12
0.15
CB-P4
P4
157.5
0.56
P4-CS
13
585
1.04
0.15
CB-P5
P5
45
0.16
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
0.3
CB-S1
S1
20
2.5
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
2.5
1.6
0.3
180
1.6
0.3
117
1.04
0.3
124.6
3
11.78
5
1.757
4
1239.
3
1869.
3
13.69
5
14.81
5
0.177
5
0.117
7
1014.
3
1824.
3
16.32
5
17.76
5
0.216
9
0.120
6
1419.
3
2049.
3
19.99
5
21.11
5
564.2
6
1149.
3
21.82
5
22.86
5
339.2
6
1149.
3
23.17
5
24.61
5
609.2
6
13.68
5
609.2
6
13.68
5
0.361
483.2
6
13.12
5
0.455
1
717.2
6
14.16
5
0.306
7
234
2.08
0.3
162
1.44
0.053
0.353
0.96
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
3.76
133.3
5
11.58
3
S4
26
180
CB-S5
S5
18
2.5
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
Dy dn 1(1m)
150
T-T11
47
CB-T11
132.1
9
0
0.45
Icn
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF250
0-S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
0.107
3
0.389
6
0.191
4
0.647
0.191
4
0.361
13.52
5
0.383
7
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
7.293
ImCB
Chon
0.155
573.2
6
1.013
M
hiu
CB
27.81
6
1.773
9
0.45
P1
CB-P2
Isc(KA
)
29.87
9
27.81
6
1.643
6
Chng 6
Chon
tit
din
(mm2
thiet b
)
chiud
i
(m)
Chng 6
day dan va
R(m
)
X(m
)
Rt(m
)
bao ve
P2
17
382.5
1.36
1034
P2-CS
18
810
1.44
1844
0.15
CB-P3
0.376
5
0.188
2
23.45
5
24.89
5
0.611
6
0.188
2
628.9
5
13.96
5
0.349
7
628.9
5
13.96
5
0.349
7
585
2.08
1439
P3-CS
14
630
1.12
2069
0.15
P4
157.5
0.56
583.9
5
P4-CS
13
585
1.04
1169
0.15
P5
45
0.16
358.9
5
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
1169
0.3
S1
20
2.5
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
CB-S5
0.3
180
1.6
0.3
117
1.04
0.3
234
2.08
0.3
502.9
5
13.40
5
0.437
3
736.9
5
14.44
5
0.298
5
592.9
5
13.80
5
0.370
9
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
1.44
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
0.053
0.353
MBA 2x1000KVA
0.96
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
4.04
143.1
9
11.86
3
27.81
6
1.531
1
144.3
2
12.34
5
1.518
9
1278.
6
1908.
6
14.25
5
15.37
5
1053.
6
1863.
6
16.88
5
18.32
5
MBA ->TT
20
2.5
1.6
162
S5
18
180
0.212
7
0.119
3
22.10
5
23.14
5
CB-S1
16.60
5
18.04
5
0.152
9
0.106
3
26
CB-P5
Isc(KA
)
20.27
5
21.39
5
P3
CB-P4
Xt(m
)
800
Dy dn 1(1m)
150
T-T12
50.5
CB-T12
Dy dn112(0.4m)
0.4
CB-P1
142.0
3
0
1.125
0.032
0.15
22
495
1.76
P1-CS
14
630
1.12
0.15
P2
17
382.5
1.36
P2-CS
18
810
1.44
0.15
CB-P3
7.293
Icn
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF250
0-S
250
0
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
29.87
9
0.45
P1
CB-P2
1.013
M
hiuChon
ImCB
CB
0.172
0.115
3
0.208
8
0.118
Chng 6
Chon
Chng 6
Chon
tit
din
R(m
(mm2
)
thiet)b bao
chiu
di
(m)
Chng 6
day dan va
CB-P5
X(m
)
ve
45
0.16
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
0.3
S1
20
2.5
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
CB-S5
S5
18
2.5
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
180
1.6
0.3
180
1.6
0.3
117
1.04
0.3
234
2.08
0.3
162
Xt(m
)
Isc(KA
)
378.6
4
1188.
6
23.73
5
25.17
5
0.579
9
648.6
4
14.24
5
0.339
1
648.6
4
14.24
5
0.339
1
0.15
P5
CB-S1
Rt(m
)
1.44
522.6
4
13.68
5
0.420
8
756.6
4
14.72
5
0.290
7
612.6
4
14.08
5
0.359
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
0.96
0
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
27.81
6
4.32
153.0
4
12.14
3
1.433
154.1
6
12.62
5
1.422
3
0.45
0.03
2
0.15
MBA ->TT
20
800
Dy dn 1(1m)
150
T-T13
54
CB-T13
Dy dn113(0.4m)
0.4
CB-P1
151.8
8
0
1.125
P1
22
495
1.76
P1-CS
14
630
1.12
0.15
CB-P2
P2
17
382.5
1.36
P2-CS
18
810
1.44
0.15
CB-P3
P3
26
585
2.08
P3-CS
14
630
1.12
0.15
CB-P4
P4
157.5
0.56
P4-CS
13
585
1.04
0.15
CB-P5
P5
45
0.16
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
1.013
7.293
ImCB
Chon
Icn
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF250
0-S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
0.185
0.35
3
4.29
0.053
M
hiu
CB
29.87
9
1298.
3
1928.
3
14.53
5
15.65
5
0.169
4
0.114
1
1073.
3
1883.
3
17.16
5
18.60
5
0.204
9
0.116
8
1478.
3
2108.
3
20.83
5
21.95
5
0.148
8
0.104
3
623.3
3
1208.
3
22.66
5
23.70
5
0.352
7
398.3
3
1208.
3
24.01
5
25.45
5
0.551
3
0.182
0.182
Chng 6
Chon
tit
din
(mm2
thiet )b
chiu
di
(m)
Chng 6
day dan va
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
CB-S5
S5
18
2.5
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
R(m
)
X(m
)
0.3
bao ve
117
1.04
0.3
234
2.08
0.3
162
1.44
Rt(m
)
Xt(m
)
Isc(K
A)
542.3
3
13.96
5
0.405
5
776.3
3
15.00
5
0.283
3
632.3
3
14.36
5
0.347
8
1.013
6.243
34.78
5
0.96
0.35
3
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB1
0.45
0.15
0.08
1.163
7.823
4.6
162.8
8
12.42
3
MBA ->TT
0.053
20
800
Dy dn 1(1m)
150
T-T14
57.5
CB-T14
Dy dn114(0.4m)
0.4
161.7
2
0
1.125
0
CB-P1
0.45
0.03
2
0.15
1.013
164.0
1
14.81
5
15.93
5
0.166
9
0.112
9
17.44
5
18.88
5
0.201
3
0.115
6
21.11
5
22.23
5
0.146
8
0.103
4
22.94
5
23.98
5
0.341
9
0.179
1
24.29
5
25.73
5
0.525
4
0.179
1
688.0
1
14.80
5
0.319
7
688.0
1
14.80
5
0.319
7
562.0
1
14.24
5
0.391
3
796.0
15.28
0.276
495
1.76
1318
P1-CS
14
630
1.12
1948
0.15
P2
17
382.5
1.36
1093
P2-CS
18
810
1.44
1903
0.15
CB-P3
P3
26
585
2.08
1498
P3-CS
14
630
1.12
2128
0.15
CB-P4
P4
157.5
0.56
643.0
1
P4-CS
13
585
1.04
1228
0.15
CB-P5
P5
45
0.16
418.0
1
P5-CS
18
810
1.44
1228
0.3
CB-S1
S1
20
2.5
CB-S2
S2
20
2.5
CB-S3
S3
13
2.5
CB-S4
S4
26
2.5
180
1.6
0.3
180
1.6
0.3
117
1.04
0.3
234
2.08
Icn
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
NF250
0-S
2500
50
NF400SS
350
35
C60a
25
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
10
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
C60a
20
4.5
27.81
6
1.346
8
1.337
3
22
ImCB
Chon
29.87
9
12.90
5
P1
CB-P2
7.293
M
hiu
CB
Chng 6
DONG NGAN MACH 1 PHA
Chon
Chng 6
chiud
i
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
R(m)
X(m)
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB2
0.45
0
84.28
4
86.47
3
0.16
0.053
0.353
MBA ->TT
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB3
0.45
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
Dy dn 2(2m)
600
Chiller 1
77
185
Chiller 2
79
185
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
20
800
6.16
6.32
Chon
Rt(m)
Xt(m
)
Isc(KA)
1.013
6.243
34.785
1.013
7.293
7.903
14.06
3
20.38
3
27.612
1.013
6.243
34.785
Icn
NF2500
-S
2500
50
NF1250
-SS
1250
60
2.5449
400
35
2.4491
400
35
NF2500
-S
2500
50
NF400SS
300
35
80
30
25
2.5
2.5
NF400SS
NF400SS
29.879
Dy dn 3(1m)
120
0.187
5
0.08
T in tng hm
40
50
54
3.2
T in tng mi
60
450
4.8
451.2
T in bm
du diezel
20
900
1.6
901.2
9.423
0.2441
T in bm
cha chy
22
6.136
4
0.16
7.336
9
7.983
20.291
MB100SS
63
30
T in qut
tng p
60
450
4.8
451.2
12.62
3
0.4874
MB50CS
32
2.5
T in qut
ht khi
60
2700
4.8
2701.
2
12.62
3
0.0814
MB30SS
2.5
T in qut
ht tng hm
40
1800
3.2
1801.
2
11.02
3
0.1221
MB30SS
10
2.5
T in bm
nc sinh hot
14
6.428
6
0.16
7.629
1
7.983
19.923
MB100SS
50
30
T in bm
nc thi
14
6.428
6
0.16
7.629
1
7.983
19.923
MB100SS
50
30
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
1.013
6.243
34.785
CB tng
0.45
NF2500
-S
2500
50
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB4
0.45
NF400SS
400
35
0
88.66
2
101.2
5
0.16
400
35
63
30
H thng trung
p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
Dy dn 4(1m)
600
Chiller 3
81
185
Thang my 2
33
22
6.48
2.64
1.200
5
55.20
1
7.293
ImCB
29.879
1.013
85.29
7
87.48
6
1.013
M
hiu CB
1.013
1.013
89.79
7
102.3
8
7.823
11.02
3
12.62
3
7.293
7.903
14.30
3
10.46
3
27.797
3.9083
0.4874
MB100SS
MB30SS
MB30SS
29.879
27.612
2.4195
2.1376
NF400SS
MB100SS
Chng 6
DONG NGAN MACH 3 PHA
Chon
Chng 7
Noi at trong he thong ien
chiud
i
(m)
tit
din
(mm2)
R(m)
X(m)
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB2
0.45
0
9.364
9
9.608
1
0.16
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
0.053
0.353
MBA 2x1000KVA
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
CB tng
0.45
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB3
0.45
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
Dy dn 2(2m)
600
Chiller 1
77
185
Chiller 2
79
185
MBA ->TT
20
800
6.16
6.32
Rt(m)
Xt(m
)
Isc(KA)
1.013
6.243
34.785
1.013
7.293
7.903
14.06
3
14.22
3
27.612
1.013
6.243
34.785
Icn
NF2500
-S
2500
50
NF1250
-SS
1250
60
12.588
400
35
12.394
400
35
NF2500
-S
2500
50
NF400SS
300
35
80
30
25
2.5
2.5
NF400SS
NF400SS
29.879
Dy dn 3(1m)
120
0.187
5
0.08
T in tng hm
40
50
18
3.2
T in tng mi
60
225
4.8
226.2
T in bm
du diezel
20
450
1.6
451.2
9.423
0.4875
T in bm
cha chy
22
2.045
5
0.16
3.246
7.983
25.529
MB100SS
63
30
T in qut
tng p
60
337.5
4.8
338.7
12.62
3
0.6491
MB50CS
32
2.5
T in qut
ht khi
60
1.5
1800
4.8
1801.
2
12.62
3
0.1221
MB30SS
2.5
T in qut
ht tng hm
40
1.5
1200
3.2
1201.
2
11.02
3
0.1831
MB30SS
10
2.5
T in bm
nc sinh hot
14
3.214
3
0.16
4.414
8
7.983
24.116
MB100SS
50
30
T in bm
nc thi
14
3.214
3
0.16
4.414
8
7.983
24.116
MB100SS
50
30
0.053
0.353
0.96
0
4.29
1.6
1.013
6.243
34.785
CB tng
0.45
NF2500
-S
2500
50
Thanh ci (4m)
0.6
CB4
0.45
NF400SS
400
35
400
35
63
30
H thng trung p
Psc=500MVA
MBA 2x1000KVA
MBA ->TT
20
800
Dy dn 4(1m)
185
Chiller 3
81
185
Thang my 2
33
22
0.121
6
9.851
4
33.75
0.08
6.48
2.64
1.200
5
19.20
1
7.293
ImCB
29.879
1.013
10.37
8
10.62
1
1.013
M
hiu CB
1.013
1.134
6
10.98
6
34.88
5
7.823
11.02
3
12.62
3
7.293
7.823
14.30
3
10.46
3
27.797
9.9369
0.9711
MB100SS
MB30SS
MB30SS
29.879
27.831
12.198
6.0406
NF400SS
MB100SS
Chng 7
CHNG 7
NOI AT TRONG HE THONG IEN
7.1 CAC KHAI NIEM CHUNG:
e thc hien viec noi at at ung ky thuat va at
hieu qua cao, chung ta can biet cac khai niem c ban sau:
[1]
- Cac bo phan can noi at (vo kim loai): phan dan
ien cua thiet b khi bnh thng khong co ien, tuy nhien
trong ieu kien h hong se xuat hien ien ap.
1. ng cap:
+ Ong dan;
+ Cac cach ien giay vo ch, boc giap hoac
khong;
+ Cap boc kim loai cach ien giay hoac chat
khoang.
2. Thiet b ong cat:
+ Phan co the thao ri.
3. Thiet b:
+ Vo kim loai cua thiet b co cach ien loai I.
4. Cac phan t khong ien:
+ Ket cau kim loai at cap (khay cap, thang cap);
+ Vat the kim loai:
-
gan day dan tren khong hoac thanh dan;
tiep xuc vi thiet b ien.
- Cac bo phan khong can noi at (khong c coi la

phan vo kim loai).
1. Cac ng, ong nh:
+ i day cach ien;
+ Bang ien bang go hay vat lieu cach ien;
+ Day va cap khong co vo kim loai.
2. Thiet b ong cat: dang kn co cau truc cach ien.
3. Thiet b: cac thiet b co cach ien loai II.
Chng 7
- Cac phan c coi la bo phan noi at t nhien (vat

dan t nhien)
1. Cac phan t cua cau truc toa nha:
+ Ket cau kim loai va betong cot thep:
-
khung kim loai;
ban coc sat;
ban betong cot thep.

+ Be mat:
nen nha hoac tng co ket cau betong cot thep

co be mat t nhien;
san lot gach.

+ Ket cau boc kim loai: tng boc kim loai.
2. Cac phan t khac:

+ Ong kim loai, ong dan kim loai cha gaz, nc;
+ Cac phan t co kim loai (thung cha, be
cha);
+ Cac ket cau kim loai trong phong tam, giat, ve
sinh
- Cac phan khong c coi la vat dan t nhien:
+ san nha go;
+ san boc cao su;
+ tng gach;
+ tham hoac tham gan tng.
7.2 CAC HE THONG NOI AT TRONG MANG HA AP
THEO TIEU CHUAN IEC:
7.2.1 S O TT: (bao ve noi at) (3 pha 5 day):
Chng 7
trung tnh
vo kim
loai
at
(TerreT)
at
(TerreT)
L1
L2
L3
N
PE
RndTB
RndHT
Hnh 7.1. S O TT
ac tnh:
-
Phng phap noi at:
iem noi sao (hoac noi sao cuon ha cua bien the phan
phoi) cua nguon se c noi trc tiep vi at. Cac bo
phan can noi at va vat dan t nhien se noi chung ti
cc noi at rieng biet cua li. ien cc nay co the oc
lap hoac phu thuoc ve ien vi ien cc cua nguon, hai
vung anh hng co the bao trum lan nhau ma khong lien
quan en tac ong cua cac thiet b bao ve.
-
Bo tr day PE: (Protective Earth: day noi at bao ve)
Day PE rieng biet vi day trung tnh va co tiet dien c

xac nh theo dong s co ln nhat co the xay ra.
-
Bo tr bao ve chong cham ien gian tiep:
Mach se t ong ngat khi co h hong cach ien. Tren thc

te, cac RCD se am nhan chc nang nay. Dong tac ong
cua chung se nho do co ien tr mac noi tiep cua hai
ien cc noi at.
7.2.2 S O TN:( Bao ve noi trung tnh, noi khong)
trung tnh
at
(TerreT)
vo kim
loai
Trung tnh
(NeutralN)
Chng 7
Nguon c noi at nh s o TT. Trong mang, ca vo kim loai

va cac vat dan t nhien cua li se c noi vi day
trung tnh. Mot vai phng an cua s o TN la:
- S O TN-C ( 3 pha 4 day) (C- common, compound)
L1
L2
L3
PEN
RndHT
Hnh 7.2. S O TN-C
ac tnh:
Day trung tnh la day bao ve va c goi la PEN. S o
nay khong c phep s dung oi vi cac day nho hn
10mm2 (day Cu) va 16mm2 (day Al) va thiet b ien cam tay.
S o TN-C oi hoi mot s ang the hieu qua trong
li vi nhieu iem noi at lap lai. Cac vo thiet b va
vat dan t nhien se noi vi day trung tnh.
Cac lap PE: day trung tnh va PE c s dung chung goi
la day PEN.
Bo tr bao ve chong cham ien gian tiep: s o co
dong cham vo va ien ap tiep xuc ln nen:
-
Co the ngat ien trong trng hp h hong cach

ien.
Ngat ien c thc hien bang CB (Circuit Breaker:

may cat t ong ha the hoac cau ch). RCD (thiet b
chong dong ro) se khong c s dung v s co h
hong cach ien c coi la ngan mach pha- trung tnh.
- S O TN-S: (3 pha 5 day) (S - separate)
Chng 7
L1
L2
L3
N
PE
RndHT
Hnh 7.3. S O TN-S
ac tnh:
Day bao ve va trung tnh la rieng biet. oi vi cap co vo
boc ch, day bao ve thng la vo ch. He TN-S la bat buoc
oi vi mach co tiet dien nho hn 10mm2 (day Cu) va
16mm2 (day Al) hoac cac thiet b di ong.
Cach noi at:
iem trung tnh cua bien ap c noi at mot lan tai au
vao cua li. Cac vo kim loai va vat dan t nhien se
c noi vi day bao ve PE. Day nay se c noi vi
trung tnh cua bien ap.
Bo tr day PE:
Day PE tach biet vi day trung tnh va c nh kch c
theo dong s co ln nhat co the xay ra.
Bo tr bao ve chong cham ien: do dong s co va
ien ap tiep xuc ln nen:
- T ong ngat ien khi co h hong cach ien;
- Cac CB, cau ch se am nhan vai tro nay, hoac cac
RCD, v bao ve chong cham ien se tach biet vi bao ve
ngan mach pha-pha hoac pha- trung tnh.
- S O TN-C-S:
S o TN-C va TN-S co the c cung s dung trong cung
mot li. Trong s o TN-C-S, s o TN-C (4 day) khong bao
gi c s dung sau s o TN-S. iem phan day PE tach
khoi day PEN thng la iem au cua li.
Chng 7
TNC
TNS
L1
L2
L3
N
PE
PEN
RndHT
Hnh 7.4. S O TN-C -S
7.2.3 S O IT: (trung tnh cach ly, bao ve noi at)

trung tnh
Cach ly hoac
noi at qua
ien
tr
I Isolate
cach ly
vo kim
loai
at
(TerreT)
L1
L2
L3
N
PE
RndTB
Hnh 7.5. S O IT
Vo kim loai va vat dan t nhien se c noi ti mot ien

cc noi at chung.
S O IT: (noi at qua tong tr)
Bo han che
qua ap
(Overvoltage
Limiter)
Zs
RndHT
Hnh 7.6. S O IT (noi at qua tong tr)
Chng 7
ac tnh:
Cach noi at:
iem trung tnh cua may bien ap c cach ly vi at
hoac noi at qua ien tr va bo han che qua ap. Trong
ieu kien bnh thng, ap cua no gan bang vi ap cua
vo thiet b qua ien dung ro so vi at cua mach va thiet
b.
Vo cac thiet b va vat dan t nhien cua toa nha se
c noi ti ien cc noi at rieng.
Bo tr day PE: day PE se tach biet vi day trung tnh
va c nh c theo dong s co ln nhat co the.
Bo tr bao ve chong cham ien gian tiep: dong s co
khi ch co h hong cach ien thng thap va khong nguy
hiem.
Kho co kha nang ong thi xay ra s co tai hai iem
neu mang c lap at mot thiet b giam sat cach ien
e bao ve va bao tn hieu khi xay ra s co iem th
nhat. T o co the nh v chnh xac va loai tr no.
Nh vay trong he thong ien ha ap, ta co nhieu cach
noi at khac nhau. Tuy vao muc ch s dung va cach
thiet ke khac nhau, se co nhng s o noi at khac nhau.
Nhng mot khi chon la mot s o nao o th ieu trc
tien la s o nay phai am bao tnh an toan cho thiet b
ien va tnh mang cua con ngi.
oi vi cong trnh la toa nha cao oc van phong khu
thng mai th thng s dung hai loai s o noi at la: S
o TT va S o TN-C-S.
Vi s o noi at TT th bao ve chong cham ien
gian tiep c thc hien bang cac RCD, gia thanh RCD th
cao hn thiet b bao ve la CB. S o TT th he thong gom
co 5 day (3 day pha, 1 day trung tnh, 1 day bao ve PE) nen
Chng 7
ton kem ve day dan, ac biet la cac loai thiet b ien

c noi bang day dan co tiet dien ln, khi o gia thanh
day dan cung se cao.
Trong khi o s o TN-C-S, bao ve chong cham ien
gian tiep c thc hien bang thiet b bao ve la cac CB,
va vi cac thiet b bao ve nay cung a am bao o tin
cay ve an toan cho con ngi va thiet b ien. Neu dung s
o TN-C th he thong ch gom co 4 day (3 day pha va 1
day PEN), ieu nay tiet kiem c chi ph day dan, ac biet
la khi mang ien s dung nhng day dan co tiet dien ln.
Da vao cac ac iem tren, e he thong va am
bao an toan, va tiet kiem chi ph au t tac gia chon he
thong cung cap ien cho toa nha Citilight Tower theo s o
TN-C-S.
7.3 TNH TOAN IEN TR NOI AT CHO CONG TRNH:
oi vi mang ien co ien ap di 1000V, ien tr
noi at tai moi thi iem khong c vt qua 4 (rieng
vi cac thiet b nho, cong suat tong cua may phat ien,
may bien ap khong qua 100KVA cho phep en 10).
Noi at lap lai cua day trung tnh trong mang 380/220V phai
co ien tr khong c qua 10.
Co mot ieu can lu y la he thong noi at cho
chong set va he thong noi at cho thiet b nham am
bao an toan cho ngi van hanh hoan toan rieng re nhau.
Hai he thong nay co iem ngoai cung cach nhau t nhat t
6m tr len.( theo quy pham Tiep Khac va mot so nc
Chau Au) [3] (phan nay se c giai thch chng Chong
Set).
chng nay tac gia tap trung vao tnh toan noi at
an toan, con noi at chong set se c tnh chi tiet
chng Chong Set.
* TNH TOAN HE THONG NOI AT AN TOAN:
Chng 7
Cac thong so ban au:

-
ien tr noi at yeu cau:

Rn 4 [7]
ien tr suat cua at:

Toa nha Citilight Tower c xay dng Thanh
Pho HCM nen at thuoc loai at boi phu sa.
at = 20 100 m. [7]
Gia s tai thi iem o at = 50 m.
He so ieu chnh theo ieu kien kh hau: [9]
Loai noi
at
Noi at an
toan
Loai ien cc
o chon
sau (m)
Coc thang
ng
0.8
He so mua Km
(at kho)
1.4
Chon coc tiep at:
t0
t = t0+
d
Hnh 7.7. Coc noi at chon sau
Coc tiep at la coc thep ma ong co ng knh

d = 20mm, coc dai 3m, o chon sau coc: t0 = 0.8 m,
khoang cach gia hai coc gan nhau L = 6m.
-
Day noi cac coc tiep at la day ong tran co tiet

dien la 70mm2.
Chng 7
to=0.8m
Mat at
l=3m
Day noi cac coc tiep at Moi han

Day ong tran 70mm2
Coc tiep at
L = 6m
Hnh 7.8 He thong noi at an toan
Tnh toan:
ien tr tan cua mot coc:
Rc =
tt 2l 1 4t + l
ln + ln
,
2l d 2 4t l
(7.1)
Trong o:
l: chieu dai coc tiep at (m), l = 3 m.
d: ng knh coc tiep at (m), d = 20 mm = 0.02m.
t: o chon sau cua coc tnh t gia coc (m),
t = t0 +
l
3
= 0.8 +
= 2.3 m.
2
2
tt = Km. o = 1.4 x 50 = 70 m.
Rc =
70
2.3
1 4 x 2.3 + 3
+ ln
ln
= 21 .18
2.3 0.02 2 4 x 2.3 3
c lng s bo so coc can:

n=
Rc
21 .18
=
= 5.29 .
Rnd
4
Gia s he thong noi at co 6 coc noi at, day noi

gia chung co ien tr khong ang ke.
Ta co cac thong so sau:
n = 6, Rc = 21.18
ty so
L 6
= =2
l
3
He so s dung coc c = 0.8.
Chng 7
ien tr noi at Rn =
Rc
21 .18
=
= 4.4 > 4 , khong
n 6 x0.8
at.
Tang so coc len 7 coc => = 0.8 => Rn = 3.78 < 4 ,
at
Vay so coc can la n = 7 coc.
Chng 8
trc tiep
Chong set
CHNG 8
CHONG SET TRC TIEP
8.1 TONG QUAN VE SET:
8.2 CAC PHNG PHAP CHONG SET:
chon he thong chong set kieu hien ai cho toa
nha Citilight Tower.
8.2 HE THONG NOI AT CHONG SET:
* TNH IEN TR NOI AT CHONG SET:

Cac thong so ban au:
-
ien tr noi at yeu cau:

Rn 10 [7]
ien tr suat cua at:

Toa nha Citilight Tower c xay dng Thanh
Pho HCM nen at thuoc loai at boi phu sa.
at = 20 100 m. [7]
Gia s tai thi iem o at = 50 m.
He so ieu chnh theo ieu kien kh hau: [9]
Loai noi at
Noi at
chong set
Loai ien
cc
Coc thang
ng
o chon
sau (m)
He so mua Km
(at kho)
0.8
1.15
Chon coc tiep at:
t0
t = t0+
d
Coc tiep at la coc thep ma ong co ng knh

d = 20mm, coc dai 3m, o chon sau coc: t0 = 0.8 m,
khoang cach gia hai coc gan nhau L = 6m.
Chng 8
trc tiep
-
Chong set
Day noi cac coc tiep at la day ong tran co tiet

dien la 70mm2.
l=3m
to=0.8m
Mat at
Day noi cac coc tiep at Moi han

Day ong tran 70mm2
Coc tiep at
L = 6m
Hnh 8.2 He thong noi at chong set
Tnh toan:
ien tr tan xoay chieu cua mot coc:
R~c =
tt 2l 1 4t + l
ln + ln
,
2l d 2 4t l
(8.1)
Trong o:
l: chieu dai coc tiep at (m), l = 3 m.
d: ng knh coc tiep at (m), d = 20 mm = 0.02m.
t: o chon sau cua coc tnh t gia coc (m),
t = t0 +
l
3
= 0.8 +
= 2.3 m.
2
2
tt = Km. o = 1.4 x 50 = 70 m.
R~c =
70
2.3
1 4 x 2.3 + 3
+ ln
ln
= 21 .18 .
2.3 0.02 2 4 x 2.3 3
ien tr tan xung kch cua mot coc noi at:

Rxk = xk. R~c
(8.2)
Trong o:
xk: he so xung kch cua coc.
Chng 8
trc tiep
Chong set
R~c: ien tr tan xoay chieu cua mot coc.

Rxk: ien tr xung kch cua coc.
Gia s dong set Is = 20 KA => xk= 0.7 => Rxk = 0.7 x 21.18
= 14.82 .
He noi at co n coc giong nhau (ien tr day noi
gia chung bo qua) ghep song song va cach nhau mot oan
la L th ien tr xung kch cua to hp tnh theo:
Rxk =
R xk
= Rn
n.xk
(8.3)
Trong o:
Rxk: ien tr xung kch cua coc.
xk: he so xung kch cua to hp.
c lng s bo so coc can:
n=
R xk
14 .82
=
= 1.48
Rnd
10
Gia s he thong noi at co 2 coc noi at, day noi

gia chung co ien tr khong ang ke.
Ta co cac thong so sau:
n =2, Rxk = 14.82
ty so
L 6
= =2
l
3
He so s dung xung kch coc xk = 0.8.
ien tr noi at Rn =
R xk
14 .82
=
= 9.26 < 10 , at.
n xk
2 x 0. 8
Vay so coc can s dung la 2 coc.

-
CHON THIET B THU SET:

Da tren ban ve mat bang, vi v tr au ESE at
tai v tr trung tam cua toa nha th ban knh bao
ve cua au thu set Rp 40 m.
V vay tac gia chon thiet b thu set vi cac ac
tnh sau:
Chng 8
trc tiep
Chong set
au thu set phat tia tien ao sm ESE hieu Saint

Elmo [7]:
h (m)
Ma hieu
Cap bao ve
Rp (m)
4
SE - L = 15 m
III (D = 60m)
41
Trong o: h: chieu cao au thu set tnh t nh kim en be
mat c bao ve (m).
Rp: ban knh bao ve cua au thu set ESE (m).
L: o li ve khoang cach phong tia tien ao (m).
D : khoang cach kch hoat, phu thuoc vao cap bao
ve I, II, III (m).
-
CHON DAY DAN DONG SET T AU ESE XUONG
HE THONG NOI AT CHONG SET:

e am bao day dan set khong b pha huy khi co
dong ien set i qua th tiet dien cua day khong c nho
hn 50 mm2 [7].
Do o chon day dan co tiet dien la 70 mm2 lam day
dan set cho cong trnh.
Ket qua va ban luan
KET QUA VA BAN LUAN

en ay th bai toan thiet ke cung cap ien cho cao
oc van phong trung tam thng mai Citilight Tower co the
xem la a hoan thanh. Da tren viec tnh toan nhu cau phu
tai mot cach chi tiet bang phng phap he so s dung,
Luan van a a ra c cac phng an cu the, t viec
chon la may bien ap cong suat 2x1000 KVA, may phat d
phong cong suat 640KVA, cho en viec thiet ke he thong
chieu sang vi phng phap he so s dung, he thong day
dan, he thong noi at theo tieu chuan IEC, he thong
chong set theo phng phap hien ai vi viec dung au ESE
phat tia tien ao sm va s la chon cac thiet b bao ve
da tren dong nh mc, dong ngan mach 3 pha va ngan
mach 1 pha sao cho toan bo he thong ien cua toa nha
van hanh at hieu suat cao nhat gan lien vi s am bao
an toan tuyet oi cho con ngi va thiet b ien trong cong
trnh.
Cach giai quyet van e cua luan van la s ket hp
gia thc tien va ly thuyet, trong o nghieng ve ly thuyet
nhieu hn. Mac du ngay nay, vi s phat trien nh vu bao
cua cong thong tin, co rat nhieu phan mem ra i, no co
the giai quyet mot cach nhanh chong bai toan thiet ke
cung cap ien. Nhng chung ta la nhng ngi ky s th viec
nam vng ly thuyet se giup ta s dung nhng phan mem
tren mot cach sang tao va chnh xac hn.
Trong giai oan hoi nhap quoc te, cac tieu chuan Ky
thuat ien cua Viet Nam ngay cang thay oi e phu hp
vi cac tieu chuan cua quoc te; ong thi cac cao oc
van phong khu thng mai cao cap nh Citilight Tower c
xay dng ngay cang nhieu hn, th viec ap dung cac tieu
Ket qua va ban luan
chuan Ky thuat ien quoc te IEC e giai quyet cac van

e trong luan van la mot hng i mang tnh kha thi cao.
Tai lieu tham khao
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO

SACH THAM KHAO
[1] Schneider Electric S.A. (2006). Hng dan Thiet ke lap at
ien theo tieu chuan quoc te IEC. Nha Xuat Ban Khoa
Hoc va Ky Thuat, Ha Noi.
[2] Phan Th Thanh Bnh Dng Lan Hng Phan Th Thu Van.
(2002). Hng dan o an mon hoc Thiet ke cung cap
ien. Nha Xuat Ban ai hoc Quoc gia TP.HCM.
[3] Nguyen Xuan Phu Nguyen Cong Hien Nguyen Boi
Khue. (2005). Cung cap ien. Nha Xuat Ban Khoa Hoc va
Ky Thuat, Ha Noi.
[4] Dng Lan Hng. (2005). Ky thuat chieu sang. Nha Xuat
Ban ai hoc Quoc gia TP.HCM.
[5] Huynh Nhn. (2005). Thiet ke nha may ien va tram
bien ap. Nha Xuat Ban ai hoc Quoc gia TP.HCM.
[6] Ho Van Hien. (2005). Hng dan o an mon hoc ien 1
Thiet ke mang ien. Nha Xuat Ban ai hoc Quoc gia
TP.HCM.
[7] Phan Th Thu Van. (2003). An toan ien. Nha Xuat Ban ai
hoc Quoc gia TP.HCM.
[8] Hoang Viet. (2005). Ky thuat cao ap Tap 2 Qua ien ap
trong he thong ien. Nha Xuat Ban ai hoc Quoc gia
TP.HCM.
[9] Ho Van Nhat Chng. (2003). Bai tap Ky thuat ien cao
ap. Nha Xuat Ban ai hoc Quoc gia TP.HCM.
[10] Comet Lighting Catalogue 4/2007.
[11] Mitsubishi Circuit Breakers Catalogue.
[12] Merlin Gerin Multi 9 Catalogue 2000.
Tai lieu tham khao
TRCH T INTERNET
Citilight
Tower
tai
http://www.metvuong.com/grouppage
(ngay truy cap 15/10/2007).
Ho
Ch
Minh,
ATS Automatic Transfer Switch Bo chuyen oi nguon t

ong, http://www.imetrade.com/index (ngay truy cap
1/11/2007).
Perkins 2800 640 KVA Generator, http://www.internationalpower.net

Set
va
cac
giai
phap
phong
chong
http://phuongnamtech.com/newdetail
(ngay
truy
6/12/2007).
Kien
thc
pho
thong
ve
set,
cap
dong,
set,
truy
cap
http://www.thunderstorm.org.vn/kienthuc.htm
Giai phap he thong chong set trc tiep,

http://www.elcom-hcm.com/forum/index
(ngay
6/12/2007).

Thiet Ke Cao Oc Citilight

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Thiet Ke Cao Oc Citilight

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Chng 1

CAC VAN E CHUNG VE THIET KE CHIEU SANG:

Chieu sang lam viec: dung e am bao s lam

Chieu sang an toan: e phan tan ngi (trong nha

Chieu sang bao ve: can thiet trong em tai cac

1.1.1 LA CHON CAC THONG SO:

Nhiet o mau c chon theo bieu o Kruithof.

Viec s dung tang cng va gian oan cua a

Tuoi tho cua en.

Quang hieu en.

b/ La chon he thong chieu sang:

He 1 (he chieu sang chung):

He 2 (he chieu sang hon hp):.

S la chon TBCS phai da tren ieu kien sau:

Tnh chat cua moi trng xung quanh.

Cac yeu cau ve s phan bo anh sang va s giam

Cac phng an kinh te.

Viec chon o roi phu thuoc vao cac yeu to sau:

Mc o cang thang cua cong viec.

La tuoi ngi s dung.

He chieu sang, loai nguon sang la chon.

Lien Xo co cac phng phap tnh toan chieu sang

My co cac phng phap tnh toan chieu sang sau:

Con Phap th co cac phng phap tnh toan chieu

va ca phng phap tnh toan chieu sang bang cac pham

lam viec khong u. Con oi vi cac en thuy ngan cao

Etc o roi la chon theo tieu chuan

N boden . cacbong / 1bo tong

Phan bo cho o roi ong eu va tranh choi, ac

Thoa man cac yeu cau ve khoang cach toi a gia

TNH TOAN CHIEU SANG:

V ac trng cua toa nha Vincom Center la cao oc van

1 Kch thc: chieu dai

chieu rong b= 7.5

tng: vang nhat

3 o roi yeu cau:

Etc= 300 (lx)

4 Chon he chieu sang: chung eu

loai: CFR 340

quang thong cac

lam viec: 0.8 (m)

Chon so bo en: Nboden= 15

15 Kiem tra sai so quang thong:

N boden . cacbong / 1bo tong

Ket luan: thoa yeu cau

Do cach bo tr cua mat bang xay dng nen khu vc van

chieu rong b= 4.3

(m); chieu rong b= 11.5

chieu rong b= 3.3

chieu rong b= 4.3

chieu cao H = 2.8

chieu rong b= 7.5

chieu rong b= 3.3

Etc= 150 (lx)

4 Chon he chieu sang: chung eu

=1300 (lm) Tm=

quang thong cac

lam viec: 0.8 (m)

13 Quang thong tong :

Chon so bo en: Nboden= 8

N boden . cacbong / 1bo tong

Ket luan: thoa yeu cau

TNH TOAN CHIEU SANG TANG 2