LOGO

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Nang lng be mat
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He d the
ton tai 1 be mat
phan chia gia cac
pha

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Cac phan t trong long pha va tren
be mat pha chu cac lc tng tac
khac nhau
Co s khac biet ve nang lng
Be mat co mot nang lng d dE
S
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Sc cang be mat
Trong ieu kien ang nhiet, thuan nghch:
o = dE
S
/dS
o - erg/cm
2
(dyn.cm/cm
2
) - la nang lng tao ra
mot n v be mat.
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Sc cang be mat
Tnh chat:
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co gia tr bang: dE
S
/dS
co phng: tiep tuyen vi be mat
phan chia gia 2 pha.
co xu hng: lam co giam dien tch
be mat
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Khong co sc cang be mat kh kh
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Sc cang be mat kh - long
Vi khong kh, 25
o
C: [dyn.cm
-1
]
Nc long 72,75
Benzen long 28,28
CCl
4
long 26,80
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Sc cang be mat long - long
20
o
C, benzen long nc long 35,00 dyn.cm
-1

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Nhiet o.
Ban chat cac pha.
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Anh hng cua nhiet o ti Sc cang be mat
Nhiet o tang Sc cang be mat noi chung giam
Sc cang be mat cua cac chat long
vi khong kh giam gan tuyen tnh.


T
c
: nhiet o ti han cua chat long
V : The tch mol cua chat long
k = 2,1 erg.K
-1
= 2,1 dyn.cm.K
-1

( ) T 6 T k V
c
3 / 2
T
= o
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xu
hng
giam
thieu
be mat
tiep
xuc pha
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Hien tng dnh t
Hien tng mao dan
Hien tng hap phu
Nguyen nhan:
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N:
la s phan bo be mat gia 3
pha R-L-K
s

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Cac ai lng ac trng:

3 5
2

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Tnh chat: la qua trnh toa nhiet.
trang thai can bang tuan theo he thc
Young:
o
RK
= o
LR
+ o
LK
.cosu
k l
l r k r
,
, ,
cos
o
o o
u

=
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Nguyen nhan: thay the be mat ran kh (sc cang be mat ln)
bang be mat ran long va long kh (tong sc cang be mat nho
hn.)
Goc dnh t
< 90
o
: long dnh t ran,
> 90
o
: long khong dnh t ran
o
rk

o
rl

u

Hien tng dnh t
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Phan loai: dnh t toan phan (u = 0),
khong dnh t toan phan (u = 180), dnh
t (0< u <=90), khong dnh t (90< u <=180).
ng dung: det nhuom, tay giat, nong
nghiep, tuyen va lam giau quang...
Hien tng dnh t
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Hien tng mao dan la do s dnh t tao ra
cac mat khum (loi - khi chat long khong dnh
t bm ran; hay lom - khi chat long dnh t
bm ran) khi 1 chat long tiep xuc vi mot be
mat ran, lam thay oi cac tnh chat be mat.

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Hien tng mao dan
( )
|
o
| o |
o
u
u u
o
d
d
h
r
d h g r d d h g r
o
o o
cos 2
1
cos 2
1

~

=
Goc tiep tuyen mat long vi thanh mao quan,
Ban knh trong ong mao quan,
Sc cang be mat long kh
Chieu cao cot long trong mao quan so vi ngoai
Khoi lng rieng cua kh
Khoi lng rieng cua long