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Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh

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S GIAO DUC & AO TAO KY THI HOC SINH
GIOI VONG TNH
LAM ONG Nam
hoc 2000 - 2001
Ngay thi: 20 -12 - 2000
Thi gian lam bai: 180 phut (Khong ke thi gian phat e)
Bai I:
1. Viet cong thc cau tao cac chat sau:
a. cis-2-metyl xiclopentanol
b. axit di n-propylaxetic
c. axit 2,3-dihiroxibutadioic
2. Goi ten theo danh phap IUPAC cac chat sau:
a. HO CH
2
CH(CH
3
) CH = CH C(=O) CH
3
b. C
6
H
5
CH
2
COOH
c. CH
3
CH (C
2
H
5
) CH
2
CH(C
2
H
5
) CHO
3. a. Hoan thanh phng trnh phan ng va trnh bay c che:
CH
2
= O + H CN
nc

(1)
CH
2
= CH
2
+ HBr
nc

(2)
Toc o cua moi phan ng bien thien nh the nao khi thay the 1
nguyen t hidro trong phan t hp chat hu c bang nhom CH
3
va khi cho them NaOH vao hon hp phan ng. Giai thch da vao
c che phan ng.
b. Viet phng trnh phan ng khi cho xiclo penten lan lt tac dung
vi dung dch Br
2
/CCl
4
, dung dch KMnO
4
/H
2
O. Cho biet cau tao cua
san pham.
Bai II:
1. S o bien hoa sau:
A (C
6
H
8
O
4
) + 2NaOH X + Y + Z
o Y tac dung vi H
2
SO
4
tao thanh X
1
, X
1
tac dung vi Ag
2
O/NH
3
tao
thanh X
2
.
o Y tac dung vi H
2
SO
4
tao thanh Y
1
, Y
1
tac dung vi H
2
SO
4
ac, 170
0
C
tao thanh Y
2
. Y
2
tac dung vi HBr tao thanh Y
3
, Y
3
tac dung vi
NaOH tai tao thanh Y
.
o Z cho phan ng trang gng.
2. Viet cong thc cau tao cac ong phan vi cong thc phan t
C
5
H
6
O
4
biet rang khi thuy phan chung bang dung dch NaOH th thu
c ch mot muoi va mot ru au khong phai la hp chat tap
chc.
3. Hat oc sam co oc to ten la coniin. Coniin co khoi lng phan t
bang 127 .v.C, cha 75,60% C, 13,38% H theo khoi lng. Coniin
lamxanh quy tm am, khong lam mat mau dung dch Br
2
/CCl
4
cung
khong lam mat mau dung dch thuoc tm. Khi dehidro hoa coniin th thu
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c chat A (C
8
H
11
N). Khi oxi hoa A th thu c mot hp chat d vong B
co cong thc C
5
H
4
N-COOH.
Biet rang trong ca hai phan ng tren khong co s ong hay m
vong va phan t coniin khong co C bac ba.
a. Xac nh cong thc cau tao cua coniin va cho biet bac amin cua
coniin A, B . V sao khoi lng phan t cua coniin, cua A, B eu la
so le.
b. e tach lay coniin t hat oc sam vi hieu suat va o tinh
khiet cao nen chiet vi dung moi nao sau ay (co giai thch):
Nc, ru etylic, dung dch NaOH, dung dch HCl.
Bai III:
1. Cho hon hp kh A gom mot anken E va H
2
co ty le mol 1:1 ( ktc).
Cho hon hp A i qua ong s cha Ni nung nong c hon hp kh B
co ty khoi hi oi vi H
2
la 23,2.
a. Tm cong thc phan t cua anken va tnh hieu suat phan ng.
b. T B va cac chat vo c can thiet, hay ieu che m-bromphenol.
c. E co 6 ong phan lan lt k hieu la E, F, G, H, I, J.
- E, F, G, H lam mat mau dung dch brom con I, J th khong.
- E, F, G cong H
2
cho san pham hoan toan giong het nhau.
- I co iem soi cao hn J, G co iem soi cao hn F.
Xac nh cong thc cau tao cua tng ong phan.
2. Ve cau trang lech va che khuat (theo phep chieu Newman) cua 2-
metyl butan theo thc t nang lng tang dan.
3. Inden co cong thc phan t C
9
H
8
co cac tnh chat sau:
- Lam phai mau dung dch brom va dung dch KmnO
4
loang.
- Hap thu nhanh 1 mol h
2
cho indan co cong thc phan t C
9
H
10
.
- Tac dung vi H
2
d (Ni, t
0
C) tao hp chat C
9
H
16
.
- B oxi hoa bi dung dch KMnO
4
/H
2
SO
4
tao axit phtalic.
Xac nh cong thc cau tao cua inden va viet cac phng trnh phan
ng xay ra.
Bai IV:
Khi cho PVC tac dung vi Zn trong ru th thay tach ra ZnCl
2
va thu c
polime co cha 20,82% Cl. Polime khong co cha noi oi va khong co
tnh deo nh PVC.
a. Ket qua tren cho biet g ve cau tao cua PVC (s phan bo cac
nguyen t clo trong mach polime) va ve cau tao cua polime mi
thu c.
b. Tnh % mac xch vinylclorua a b tach clo bi Zn.
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Ngay thi: 20 -12 2000
Thi gian lam bai: 180 phut (Khong ke thi gian phat e)
Bai I:
1. Hoa tan hoan toan Fe
x
O
y
trong dung dch H
2
SO
4
ac nong, thu c dung
dch A va kh B. Sau o lam tiep cac th nghiem sau: Cho kh B tac
dung vi dung dch brom, dung dch NaOH, dung dch Na
2
CO
3
, PCl
5
, kh clo
(di anh sang mat tri).
Cho dung dch A phan ng vi dung dch NaOH d, loc ket tua roi
em nung trong khong kh en khoi lng khong oi c chat ran A
1
.
Tron A
1
vi bot nhom roi nung nhiet o cao thu c hon hp A
2
gom cac oxit trong o co Fe
n
O
m
. Hoa tan A
2
trong dung dch HNO
3
th thu
c chat kh de hoa nau ngoai khong kh.
Viet ay u cac phng trnh phan ng xay ra trong cac qua trnh
th nghiem tren.
2. Co 5 dung dch anh so t 1 en 5, o la nhng dung dch Ba(NO
3
)
2
,
Na
2
CO
3
, MgCl
2
, K
2
SO
4
va Na
3
PO
4
( so th t khong theo trat t cac chat
hoa hoc). Xac nh ten cac chat c anh so. Biet rang:
- Dung dch 1 tao thanh ket tua trang vi cac dung dch 3 va 4.
- Dung dch 2 tao ket tua trang vi dung dch 4.
- Dung dch 3 tao ket tua trang vi dung dch 1, 5.
- Dung dch 4 tao ket tua trang vi cac dung dch 1, 2, 5.
Ket tua sinh ra do dung dch 1 va dung dch 3 b phan huy nhiet o
cao, tao ra oxit kim loai.
Bai II:
1. Nang lng phat ra (+) hay thu vao (-) khi co mot electron ket hp vao
mot nguyen t t do trang thai kh, tao thanh mot ion am, c
goi la ai lc vi electron cua nguyen t.
Ngi ta o c gia tr ai lc electron (A) cua mot vai nguyen to
xep theo th t so ien tch hat nhan (Z) tang dan thuoc cac chu
ky nho nh sau:
Nguyen
to
(A) (B) (C) (D) (E) (F) (G) (H)
Z Z Z + 1 Z + 2 Z + 3 Z + 4 Z + 5 Z + 6 Z +
7
A (eV) -0,10 +1,4
7
+3,4
5
+
0,57
+
0,54
+
0,30
+
0,52
+1,3
9
a. Nguyen to nao thuoc nhom kh hiem, kim loai kiem, halogen. Giai
thch.
b. Tai sao nguyen to (A) co A < 0 (eV).
c. D oan A cua cac nguyen to (Z 3), nguyen to (Z + 10) co tr
so am hay dng, giai thch.
d. n chat cua (H) co nhiet o nong chay cao hay thap, v sao?
e. Cho biet mot vai hp chat cua nhng nguyen to co tnh chat
hoa hoc giong nh (D).
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2. Co cac muoi sau: NH
4
NO
2
, (CH
3
COO)
2
Ca, NH
4
NO
3
, NaClO
2
, KMnO
4
, NaN
3
,
Hg
2
(NO
3
)
2
, Ga(NO
3
)
3
. Lan lt cho vao chen s, em nung trong tu hot,
sau khi phan ng xay ra hoan toan, e nguoi th thay co cac chen
s khong con lai g ca, co chen s con lai chat ran. Hay xac nh
muoi nao phu hp vi hien tng tren?
Viet cac phng trnh phan ng xay ra.
3. Ion R
2+
co cau hnh electron phan lp ngoai cung la 3d
5
.
a. Hay xac nh v tr cua R trong bang HTTH, R la nguyen to g?
b. Cho biet RO la oxit baz, RO
2
la oxit lng tnh, R
2
O
7
la oxit axit. Viet
phng trnh phan ng xay ra khi cho cac oxit tren tac dung vi
dung dch HCl, NaOH va RO
2
tac dung vi axit oxalic (trong moi
trng H
2
SO
4
).
Bai III
1. a. Theo phng phap cap electron lien ket th co the ton tai cac
phan t sau khong? Giai thch.
SF
6
, BrF
7
, ClF
3
, OF
6
, I
7
F.
b. Cho biet cau truc khong gian cua cac phan t va ion sau: BeCl
2
,
BCl
3
, NH
4
+
, PCl
5
.
2. Hay giai thch:
- Tai sao nhiet o soi cua nc cao hn nhieu so vi nhiet o
soi cua HF mac du chung eu co lien ket hidro va co khoi
lng phan t gan bang nhau.
- S bien thien cua moment lng cc cua cac hidrohalogenua
HX (kh)
- Tai sao moment lng cc cua cac metyl halogenua co s
bien thien sau:
CH
3
F: 1,82 D; CH
3
Cl: 1,94 D; CH
3
Br: 1,79D; CH
3
I: 1,64D
3. Co ket tua Mg(OH)
2
tao thanh hay khong khi:
- Tron 100 ml dung dch Mg(NO
3
)
2
1,5.10
-3
M vi 50 ml dung dch NaOH
3.10
-3
M
- Tron hai the tch bang nhau cua hai dung dch Mg(NO
3
)
2
2.10
-3
M va
dung dch NH
3
4.10
-3
M.
Biet rang T Mg(OH)
2
= 1.10
-11
va K
b
(NH
3
) = 1,58.10
-5
Bai IV:
1. Kh NO tac dung vi kh H
2
theo phan ng: 2NO + 2H
2

2H
2
O + N
2
- Hay xac nh bac cua phan ng, biet rang neu dung lng d
ln H
2
th toc o phan ng la bac 2 oi vi NO, neu dung lng
d ln NO th toc o phan ng la bac 2 oi vi H
2
.
- Hay cho biet moi lien quan gia toc o tieu hao NO, H
2
vi toc
o hnh thanh N
2
, H
2
O.
2. Co dung dch (A) CH
3
COOH 0.1M, K
a
(CH
3
COOH) = 1,58.10
-5
.
a. Can bao nhieu mol CH
3
COOH cho vao 1 lt dung dch (A) e o
ien li cua axit giam i mot na. Tnh pH cua dung dch mi.
b. Tnh pH cua dung dch thu c khi them vao 1 lt dung dch (A):
- 0,05 mol HCl
- 1.10
-3
mol HCl.
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S GIAO DUC & AO TAO KY THI HOC SINH
GIOI VONG TNH
LAM ONG Nam
hoc 2001 - 2002
Ngay thi: 21 -12 - 2001
Thi gian lam bai: 180 phut (Khong ke thi gian phat e)
Cau 1: (5 iem)
1. Viet phng trnh phan ng khi cho dung dch NaOH d tac dung vi:
CH
3
COOC
2
H
5
; CH
3
COOC
6
H
5
, ClH
3
NCH
2
COOH; CH
3
COOCH
2
CH
2
OCOH; CH
3
COOC
2
H
5
2. Hoan thanh s o phan ng:
Propanol-2 C
3
H
6

2
Br +
A
KOH ac/Ru
B
Trunghp
C
4
KMnO
D
Biet C la dan xuat cua benzen va D la muoi kali cua axit hu c
trong phan t co 3 nhom cacboxil.
Cau 2: (4 iem)
1. X, Y la hai hidrocacbon ong phan.
Hidro hoa hoa toan X thu c 1,3-ietyl ciclohexan. Hidro hoa hoan
toan Y theo ty le 1:5. X tac dung vi dung dch brom theo ty le mol
1:3, Y khong tac dung vi dung dch brom. Tm Cong thc cau tao
cua X va Y.
2. Cho s o bien hoa sau:
Natriphenolat
2
CO +

Apsuat cao
A
1

2 4
H SO +
A
A + B C
8
H
8
O
3
(dau nong xoa bop) + H
2
O
A + C C
9
H
8
O
4
(aspirin) + CH
3
COOH
Hoan thanh cac phng trnh phan ng di dang cong thc cau
tao. Giai thch c che phan ng tao thanh A
1
. Cho biet A la dan xuat
cua benzen cha hai nhom chc v tr ortho oi vi nhau.
Cau 3: (3,5 iem)
1. Theo phep chieu Newman, hay ve cac cau dang ben nhat cua
etylamin, etylenglicol, buten-1, butadien-1,3.
2. a. Khi phan tch mot loai cao su lu hoa ngi ta thay ham lng lu
huynh chiem 4% ( theo khoi lng)
Gia s can noi lu huynh trong cao su lu hoa eu dang cau
disunfua. Hay tnh trung bnh may mat xch co mot cau noi disunfua
trong loai cao su nay.
b. Sn vo tau bien c che tao bang cach clo hoa cao su t nhien
vi ham lng clo bang 60%. T ham lng clo nay, hay e ngh
qua trnh clo hoa va viet cac phng trnh phan ng qua cac giai
oan.
Giai thch tai sao loai cao lu hoa nay ben vi dau m va cac
dung moi hu c.
Cau 4: (4 iem)
1. Cho cac chat sau:
Cl-CH
2
-CH=O (1) CH
3
-CH=CH-CN (2) CH
2
=C=O (3)
a. Hay cho biet kieu lai hoa cua cac nguyen t trong cac phan t
tren.
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b. Giai thch tai sao CH
3
trong phan t chat (2) co the t quay t do.
c. So sanh o dai lien ket C-H, nhng lien ket C-C trong phan t
chat (2). Giai thch.
2. Khi un nong hon hp gom butadien-1,3 va etylen xay ra phan ng
cong ong vong Diels-Alder tao thanh xiclohexen. Phan ng nay se
tr nen de dang hn neu thay nguyen t H trong etylen bang nhom
hut electron nh COOH, -COOR, -CHO va thay H trong butadien bang
nhom ay electron nh CH
3
, -C
2
H
5

a. Khi tham gia phan ng, butadien co cau truc khong gian nh the
nao? Viet phng trnh phan ng xay ra gia butadien-1,3 va rtylen.
b. un nong trans-pentadien-1,3 vi axit acrilic va isopren vi metylacilat.
Viet cac phng trnh phan ng xay ra vi cong thc cau tao
cua san pham chnh.
c. so sanh toc o phan ng khi un nong moi dien sau vi axit acrilic.
Giai thch.
- 2-metyl butadien-1,3 va 2-clo butadien-1,3
- cis-pentadien-1,3 va trans-pentadien-1,3.
Cau 5: (3,5 iem)
1. Andehitfomic, axeton tac dung vi nc trong mot phan ng thuan
nghch e tao ra san pham khong ben goi la gem-diol.
a. Viet phng trnh phan ng.
b. Ap dung e giai thch cac trng hp sau:
- Ninhydrin co the ton tai di dang monohidrat.
Vay nhom cacboxyl nao se b hidrat hoa.
- Khi chiet tach axeton (CH
3
)
2
C=
16
O t H
2
O giau
18
O th thu
c (CH
3
)
2
C=
18
O
2. Cho ba chat phenol, anilin, axit 2-aminobenzoic.
a. Viet cac phng trnh phan ng khi cho dung dch
brom en d vao dung dch phenol, anilin. Cho biet hien tng g xay
ra.
b. Hidrohoa axit 2-aminobenzoic ngi ta thu c mot
aminoaxit khac. Hai amino axit nay co mot so tnh chat trai ngc
nhau. Dung cong thc cau tao e giai thch.
3. Epiclohidrin la mot epoxit, nguyen lieu chnh e che tao nha epoxi
dung lam keo dan kim loai, knh, sanh s. Epiclohidrin phan ng vi
C
6
H
5
MgBr tao thanh C
6
H
5
CH
2
CH(OH)CH
2
Cl.
a. Xac nh cong thc cau tao cua epiclohidrin.
b. Viet cac phng trnh phan ng khi cho epiclhidrin tac dung vi ru
etylic, dung dch NH
3
va khi epiclohidrin b thuy phan trong moi
trng kiem.
c. e ieu che nha epoxi, ngi ta un nong epiclohidrin vi
bisphenol-A (2,2-bis-[p-hidroxiphenyl] propan. Viet phng trnh phan
ng.
d. Khi tron nha epoxi noi tren vi mot amin a chc v du nh vi
N(CH
2
CH
2
NH
2
)
3
th se thu c polime mang khong gian. Giai thch.
O
O
O
Ninhydrin
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Ngay thi: 20 -12 2001
Thi gian lam bai: 180 phut (Khong ke thi gian phat e)
Cau 1: (5 iem)
1. Co ba bnh ng kh rieng biet; O
2
, NO, NO
2
. hay nhan biet tng chat
kh khi khong co thuoc th.
2. Viet phng trnh phan ng dang phan t thc hien cac chuyen hoa
sau:
a. SO
4
2-
SO
2

b. H
2
S SO
2
c. Cl
-
Cl
2

d. NO
3
-
NH
4
+
3. Chon 3 muoi vi 3 goc axit khac nhau e cho phan ng hoa hoc sau
xay ra hoan toan. Viet phng trnh phan ng.
BaCl
2
+ ? NaCl + ?
Cau 2: (4 iem)
1. Viet cac phng trnh phan ng bieu dien cac qua trnh phan ng
hoa hoc sau:
- Cho Clo tac dung vi: Ca(OH)
2
ran am, dung dch dch KI
cho en d, dung dch Na
2
CO
3
.
- Cho F
2
i qua dung dch NaOH 2% lanh.
2. Co 8 ong nghiem mat nhan cha cac dung dch NH
4
Cl 1M, BaCl
2
0,2M,
HCl 1M, C
6
H
5
ONa 0,2M, Na
2
CO
3
0,1M, NaOH 1M, Na
2
SO
4
0,1M va H
2
SO
4
.
Ch c dung qu tm, hay nhan biet hoa chat cha trong moi ong
nghiem.
3. Cho H
2
S loi cham qua dung dch A gom AlCl
3
, NH
4
Cl, FeCl
3
va CuCl
2
(nong
o moi chat xap x 0,1M) cho en bao hoa thu c ket tua va
dung dch B.
a. Cho biet cac chat trong ket tua va trong dung dch B.
b. Them dan dung dch NH
3
vao dung dch B cho en d. Co hien
tng g xay ra? Viet tat ca cac phngtrnh phan ng ion a xay
ra.
Cau 3: (3,5 iem)
1. e phat hien oxi co trong mot hon hp kh ngi ta dung dung dch
phc ong. Dung dch phc ong nay c ieu che bang cach cho
cac phoi ong vao dunmg dch hon hp NH
3
ac + NH
4
Cl trong bnh kn.
ay, ban au, khi co mat NH
3
+ NH
4
Cl, Cu b oxi co trong nc oxi
hoa tao ra phc ong mau xanh, sau o phc ong nay b Cu kh
thanh mot dung dch phc ong khac khong mau va khi tiep xuc
vi oxi, dung dch se co mau xanh tr lai. Khi ngng tiep xuc vi oxi
dung dch lai mat mau do tnh kh cua ong. Viet cac phng trnh
phan ng e giai thch cac hien tng tren.
Trong th nghiem, neu thay phoi ong bang phoi kem hoac bac th
co phat hien c oxi hoac clo khong? Viet cac phng trnh phan
ng e giai thch.
2. HA la hp chat kh rat oc, co the nhan biet khi khoi thuoc la tr
nen cay hoac co trong cu san m va khi ot chay cho ngon la mau
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tm. Trong nc, HA la mot axit yeu va con xay ra phan ng thuy
phan tao thanh muoi amoni cua axit hu c.
Trong phong th nghiem, HA co the ieu che bang cach nho t
t dung dch muoi NaA vao dung dch H
2
SO
4
un nong. Trong tong hp
hu c, ieu che HA bang cach un nong 500
0
C va di ap suat
mot hon hp CO va NH
3
.
Muoi cua HA e ngoai khong kh co mui kho chu v chung b
phan huy cham bi CO
2
luon co mat trong khong kh.
Khi co mat cua oxi ion A
-
co the tac dung vi vang kim loai nen
dung e tach vang ra khoi tap chat.
a. Viet phng trnh phan ng e minh hoa cac tnh chat hoa 1hoc
tren.
b. Trong t nhien HA ton tai ong thi hai dang ong phan ma khi
un nong o dai lien ket gia hai nguyen t tao thanh A
-
tang
dan. Xac nh cong thc cau tao cua ong phan cua HA (co
giai thch).
Cau 4: (3,5 iem)
1. Co cac phan t va ion sau: ZnCl
2
, NF
3
, SF
6
, SO
3
2-
, SO
2
, H
2
SO
4
, [Ni(CN)
4
]
2-
.
a. Tren c s cua thuyet lai hoa, hay cho biet dang lai hoa cua
nguyen t trung tam va dang hnh hoc cac phan t tren.
b. Hay giai thch s lai hoa tao lien ket trong phan t ZnCl
2
.
c. So sanh goc lien ket FNF trong phan t NF
3
trong hai trng hp
xet theo thuyet cong hoa tr thuan tuy va theo thuyet lai hoa.
d. So sanh nhiet o soi gia NH
3
va NF
3
. Giai thch.
2. Them t t tng giot dung dch AgNO
3
vao dugn dch cha hon hp
KCl 0,1M va KI 0,001M
a. Ket tua nao se xuat hien trc.
b. Khi ket tua th hai bat au ket tua th nong o ion th nhat
con lai la bao nhieu? (Bo qua s thay oi the tch dung dch khi cho
dung dch AgNO
3
vao)
Cho T
AgCl
= 1.10
-10
. T
AgI
= 1.10
-16
Cau 5: (4 iem)
1. Co can bang sau N
2
O
4(k)
2NO
2 (k)
a. Cho 18,4 gam N
2
O
4
vao bnh co dung tch 5,904 lt 27
0
C. Luc can
bang ap suat cua hon hp kh trong bnh la 1atm. Tnh ap suat
rieng phan cua NO
2
va N
2
O
4
luc can bang.
b. Neu giam ap suat cua he luc can bang xuong con 0,5 atm th
ap suat rieng phan cua NO
2
va N
2
O
4
luc can bang la bao nhieu?
2. Trong qua trnh xac nh kh oc H
2
S trong khong kh ngi ta lay 30 lt
khong kh nhiem H
2
S

(co

d = 1,2 g/l) cho i cham qua bnh ng lng d
dung dch CdSO
4
e hap thu het kh H
2
S. Tiep theo em axit hoa hoan
toan lng ket tua trong bnh, roi hap thu het lng kh thoat ra
bang cach cho vao ong ng 10 ml dung dch I
2
0,0107M. Lng iod con
d phan ng va u vi 12,85 ml dung dch Na
2
S
2
O
3
0,01344M. Hay
viet phng trnh phan ng xay ra va tnh ham lng H
2
S trong khong
kh theo ppm. Biet rang ppm la so microgam chat trong 1g mau. (1 ppm
= 10
-6
g)
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:9
***************************************************************************************************************************

S GIAO DUC & AO TAO KY THI HOC SINH
GIOI VONG TNH
LAM ONG Nam
hoc 2002 - 2003
Ngay thi: 21 -12 - 2002
Thi gian lam bai: 180 phut (Khong ke thi gian phat e)
Cau 1: (4 iem)
1. Bon hp chat hu c A, B, C, D co cung cong thc phan t C
3
H
7
O
2
N,
trong phan t cua moi chat ch co mot mach cacbon. Hay xac nh
cong thc cau tao ung va goi ten moi chat biet:
- A, B, C la nhng hp chat lng tnh.
- Ch co C lam mat mau nc brom
- D la hp chat trung tnh
- Chat A, D co nhom chc lien ket vi nguyen t cacbon au
mach.
2. e ot chay het 1,02 gam chat hu c X can dung 2,016 lt kh Oxi
(ktc), san pham chay la CO
2
va hi nc co t le the tch la
VCO
2
:VH
2
O = 6:7. un nong X vi H
2
SO
4
ac 180
0
C th thu c hon
hp 3 ong phan olefin A, B, C. xac nh cong thc phan t va cong
thc cau tao cua X biet rang khi ozonit hoa hon hp A, B, C sau o
thuy phan th thu c hon hp 3 andehit va mot xeton.
3. Viet phng trnh phan ng co the xay ra gia hai trong so cac chat
sau:
NaOH, (CH
3
)
2
NH
2
Cl, NH
4
Cl, C
6
H
5
NH
3
Cl, NH
3
, CH
3
NH
2
Cau 2: (6 iem)
1. a. Phan ng este hoa co ac iem g va c tien hanh trong ieu
kien nao? Tai sao?
b. Cho amol ru etylic va 1 mol axit axetic vao bnh cau roi them nv
vao cho c 100ml. Tao ieu kien cho phan ng xay ra cho en
khi at trang thai can bang co K
cb
= 4.
- Hay tnh nong o cua este theo a luc can bang.
- Cho a = 2. hay tnh khoi lng este thu c?
2. Xac nh cong thc cau tao va hoan thanh cac phng trnh phan
ng sau:
C
4
H
5
O
4
Cl + NaOH A + B + NaCl
B + O
2
C + H
2
O
C + AgNO
3
+ NH
3
+ H
2
O D + NH
4
NO
3
+ 4Ag
D + NaOH A + NH
3
+ H
2
O
3. T tinh bot viet cac phng trnh ieu che Propiolactit (3,6-dimetyl-1,4-
dioxan-2,5-dion). T toluen viet cac phng trnh ieu che ra m-Toluidin.
Hoa chat vo c ay u.
4. D oan ham lng phan tram cac san pham dan xuat mono clo khi
clo hoa 2,2,4-trimetylpentan, neu ty so toc o phan ng the hydro
cacbon bac 1,2,3 la 1:3,3:4,4.
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:10
***************************************************************************************************************************
5. Chat A co cong thc phan t C
8
H
18
. Biet A co kha nang trung hp,
cong hp vi hidro, lam mat mau dung dch nc brom va khi b oxi
hoa manh th thu c san pham:
HOOC-CH
2
-CH(COOH)-CH
2
-CH
2
-COOH
Xac nh cau tao cua A va viet cac phng trnh phan ng.
--------------------------------------------------------o0o------------------------------------------------------
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:11
***************************************************************************************************************************
Ngay thi: 20 -12 2002
Thi gian lam bai: 180 phut (Khong ke thi gian phat e)
Cau 1: (2,5 iem)
Viet cac phng trnh phan ng trong cac cac trng hp sau:
a. Dan kh NO
2
vao dung dch KOH d va sau o cho Zn vao dung dch
sau phan ng th thu c NH
3
va H
2
.
b. Natri tan het trong dung dch CuSO
4
thay co ket tua.
c. Cho dung dch Ba(HCO
3
)
2
vao cac dung dch rieng biet: HNO
3
, Ca(OH)
2
,
Na
2
SO
4
va NaHSO
4
.
Cau 2: (2,5 iem)
Do nhieu nguon o nhiem, trong kh quyen thng ton tai cac kh NO, CO
2
,
SO
2
co mot phan SO
2
va NO b oxi hoa. o la nguyen nhan chu yeu
lam cho nguon nc ma co pH thap hn nhieu so vi nc nguyen
chat. Viet cac phng trnh phan ng cho nhng bien hoa hoa hoc a
xay ra.
Cau 3: (2 iem)
Mot chat X mau xanh luc nhat, tan trong nc tao thanh dung dch phan
ng vi NH
3
luc eu cho ket tua, sau o ket tua tan dan trong NH
3
d
tao thanh dung dch mau xanh am. Them H
2
SO
4
ac vao dung dch X
va un nhe th hi bay ra co mui giam.
Cho biet X la chat g?
Cau 4: (2 iem)
a. CO co tnh chat vat ly va kha nang kh tang len khi nhiet
o cao giong nh Nit. Hay can c vao s hnh thanh lien ket
trong phan t CO, N
2
e giai thch cac tnh chat nay.
b. CO co the kh c oxit cua mot so kim loai nen c dung trong
luyen kim, de dang b clo, lu huynh oxi hoa khi ot nong. Viet
phng trnh phan ng e minh hoa.
c. CO la mot kh oc, co trong thanh phan cua khoi thuoc la, khoi
xe gay anh hng xau ti moi trng. Ngi ta dung dung dch
muoi palai e phat hien vet CO va dung dung dch I
2
O
5
e nh
lng CO co trong khong kh. Viet cac phng trnh phan ng xay
ra.
Cau 5: (2 iem)
CO co kha nang phan ng cong vi cac kim loai chuyen tiep (Ni,
Co, Fe) tao thanh cac phc chat Cabonyl kim loai. Co c kha nang
nay la do cap electron t do cua cacbom trong phan t CO va nh
cac obitan trong co c khi nguyen t cua cac nguyen to kim loai
chuyen tiep trang thai kch kch. T c s l luan o, hay trnh bay
lien ket cho nhan trong cac phan t Cr(CO)
6
va Fe(CO)
5
.
-------------------------------------------------
o0o--------------------------------------------------
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:12
***************************************************************************************************************************

S GIAO DUC & AO TAO KY THI HOC SINH
GIOI VONG TNH
LAM ONG Nam
hoc 2003 - 2004
Ngay thi: 9 -12 - 2003
Thi gian lam bai: 180 phut (Khong ke thi gian phat e)
Cau 1: (2.5 iem)
Cho biet A, B, C, D, E la cac hp chat cua Natri. Cho A lan lt tac
dung vi cac dung dch B, C thu c cac kh tng ng X, Y. Cho D, E
lan lt tac dung vi nc thu c cac kh tng ng Z, T. Cho biet
X, Y, Z, T la cac kh thong thng, chung tac dung c vi nhau
tng oi mot.
Ty khoi hi cua X so vi Z bang 2 va ty khoi hi cua Y so vi T
cung bang 2. Viet tat ca cac phng trnh phan ng xay ra.
Cau 2: (2 iem)
Cho biet trang thai lai hoa cua nguyen t trung tam va cay truc
hnh hoc cua cac phan t va ion sau: CO, ClF
3
, I
3
-
, PF
3
Cl
2
. Ve hnh cac
dang va cho biet trang thai ben nhat. V sao ClF
3
b bien dang, I
3
-
co
b bien dang nh vay khong?
Cau 3: (2 iem)
1. Mot nguyen to R tao vi oxi hai loai oxit R
a
O
x
va R
b
O
y
vi a 1 va b
2. Ty so khoi lng phan t cua 2 oxit bang 1,25 va ty so % oxi
trong 2 oxit bang 1,2 (gia s x>y).
a. Xac nh khoi lng nguyen t cua R. Viet cong thc phan t,
cong thc cau tao cua 2 oxit.
b. Hoa tan mot lng oxit R
a
O
x
vao nc c dung dch D. Cho D tac
dung va u vi 1,76 gam oxit M
2
O
z
thu c 1 lt dung dch E co
nong o mol chat tan la 0,011M. Xac nh nguyen t lng cua M
va cong thc cau tao cua M
2
O
z
?
2. Mot dung dch axit nong o 30% khong hoa tan chiec inh sat
nhiet o thng. Them nc can than vao dung dch axit tren thu
c dung dch A 100% va dung dch nay cung khong hoa tan c
chiec inh sat. Neu tiep tuc cho nc vao dungm dch o thu c
dung dch axit 30%, dung dch nay hoa tan c chiec inh sat, giai
phong kh khong mau, khong mui. Hay cho biet dung dch axit ban
au la dung dch g? Viet cac phng trnh phan ng xay ra trong cac
th nghiem tren.
Cau 4: (3 iem)
1. Phan biet dung dch cac chat sau ng trong cac lo rieng biet:
a. Ch dung mot thuoc th: BaCl
2
, KBr, Zn(NO
3
)
2
, Na
2
CO
3
, AgNO
3
.
b. Khong dung thuoc th: NaCl, H
2
SO
4
, CuSO
4
, BaCl
2
, NaOH.
2. A la dung dch H
2
SO
4
, B la dung dch NaOH. Tron 0,2 lt A vi 0,3 lt B thu
c 0,5 lt dung dch C. ay 20 ml dung dch C them 1 t quy tm va thay
co mau xanh. Sau o them t t dung dch HCl 0,05M ti khi quy oi
sang mau tm thay het 40 ml axit.
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:13
***************************************************************************************************************************
Tron 0,3 lt A vi 0,2 lt B ta c 0,5 lt dunmg dch D. lay 20 ml dung
dch D, them mot t quy tm vao thay qu oi sang mau o. Sau o
them t t dung dch NaOH 0,1 M ti khi qu oi thanh mau tm thay
het 80 ml dung dch NaOH. Tnh nong o mol/lit cua cac dung dch A va
B.
Cau 5: (2,5 iem)
Ba hp chat A, B, C mach h co cong thc phan t tng ng la
C
3
H
6
O, C
3
H
4
O, C
3
H
4
O
2
va chung co cac tnh chat sau:
- A, B khong tac dung vi Na, khi hp vi kh H
2
(xt Ni) thu c cung
mot san pham nh nhau.
- B cong vi H
2
(xt Ni) tao ra A.
- A co ong phan A khi b oxi hoa A tao ra B.
- C co ong phan C cung thuoc loai n chc nh C.
- Oxi hoa B thu c C.
- Khi oxi hoa B thu c C.
Hay phan biet A, A, B, B trong 4 lo mat nhan.
Cau 6: (2 iem)
1. Viet cong thc cau tao cua tat ca cac ong phan mach h co
cong thc phan t: C
3
H
6
O
2
va ch ro nhng ong phan nao co
kha nang tham gia phan ng trang gng.
2. ot chay hoan toan b mol mot axit cacboxilic ta thu c p mol CO
2
va q
mol H
2
O. Biet p q = b. hay tm cong thc chung cua axit, cho v du cu
the.
Cau 7: (2,25 iem)
Hp chat a la mot

-amionaxit. Cho 0,01 mol A tac dung va het vi


80 ml dung dch HCl 0,125 M, sau o co can can than thu c 1,835
gam muoi khan Mat khac khi trung hoa 2,94 gam A bang dung dch
NaOH va u th thu c 3,82 gam muoi. A co cau tao mach thang,
hay goi ten thng dung cua A, dan xuat nao cua A thng c
dung trong i song hang ngay. Viet phng trnh phan ng cua A
vi dung dch NaNO
2
trong HCl.
Cau 8: (2,75 iem)
1. Mot ru a chc no A (C
x
H
y
O
z
) vi y = 2x = z co d
A/KK
< 3. xac nh
cong thc cau tao cua A biet rang A khong tac dung vi Cu(OH)
2
.
2. Mot hon hp X gom A va mot ru B co cung so nguyen t cacbon
vi A (t le mol n
A
/n
B
= 3/1) khi cho hon hp nay tac dung vi natri d
thu c kh H
2
vi nH
2
> n
X
. Chng minh rang B la ru a chc, viet
cong thc cau tao cua B. Tnh the tch H
2
(ktc) thu c khi cho 80 gam
hon hp X tac dung vi Na d.
3. e ngh mot phng phap co the dung e ieu che B t mot ru
no n chc C bac 1 co cung so nguyen t cacbon vi B. Tnh hieu
suat chung cua phan ng ieu che B va C, gia s hieu suat moi
giai oan trong qui trnh tren eu bang 80%. Tnh khoi lng C phai
dung e co 1 mol B.
--------------------------------------------------------o0o-----------------------------------------------------
Cho: O = 16, C = 12, H = 1, S = 32, Cu = 64, Fe = 56, Cl = 35,5, N = 14
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:14
***************************************************************************************************************************
Ngay thi: 19 -12 2003
Thi gian lam bai: 180 phut (Khong ke thi gian phat e)
Cau 1: (3,5 iem)
1. Hay giai thch v sao bang cach thay oi pH co the oxi hoa lan lt
Cl
-
, Br
-
, I
-
bang KMnO
4
.
2. Trnh bay phan ng kh ion NO
3
-
bang Fe
2+
trong moi trng H
2
SO
4
. ion
NO
2
-
co can tr phan ng khong?
3. Tnh pH cua tng dung dch sau:
a. NaHS 0,02 M. H
2
S co hang so ion hoa K
1
= 5,7.10
-8
, K
2
= 1,2.10
-15
.
b. Na
2
CO
3
0,01M, axit H
2
CO
3
co hang so ion hoa K
1
= 4,37.10
-7
; K
2
=
5,61.10
-11
.
Cau 2: (2,5 iem)
1. A, B, C, D, E, F la cac hp chat co oxi cua nguyen to X va khi cho tac
dung vi NaOH eu tao ra chat Z va H
2
O. X co tong so hat proton va
notron be hn 35, co tong ai so so oxi hoa dng cc ai va 2 lan
so oxi hoa am la -1. hay lap luan e xac nh cac chat tren va
viet cac phng trnh phan ng xay ra. Biet rang dung dch A, B, C
lam qu tm hoa o, dung dch E, F phan ng c vi axit manh, baz
manh.
2. Giai thch hien tngthc nghiem sau ay:
a. Them t t dung dch NaNO
2
vao dung dch I
2
trong KI cho ti d, khi
ay dd mat mau nau.
b. Them tng giot HCl vao hon hp thu c dung dch co mau nau.
Biet rang phan ng t oxi hoa kh cua HNO
2
xay ra cham.
Cau 3: (1,5 iem)
Khi cho 0,632 lt (300
0
C va 98,5 kPa) kh A co ty khoi hi oi vi khong
kh la 2,21 suc vao 200 ml nc brom 0,125M th kh b hap thu het va
dung dch cung mat mau. To hp mot lng A nh vay vi 0,28 lt
(ktc) oxi se cho chat B khong tac dung vi nc brom va dung dch
thuoc tm. Neu cho A tac dung vi PCl
5
se thu c chat C, ay la
chat thong dung trong tong hp hu c vi vai tro lam thuoc th
va rat de b thuy phan.
a. Xac nh cong thc cau tao A, B va C.
b. Xac nh cau truc 3 chieu cua A.
c. Viet phng trnh phan ng cho cac bien oi hoa hoc tren.
d. khi suc A qua dung dch nc cua KmnO
4
th dung dch mat mau. Viet
phng trnh phan ng hoa hoc xay ra.
Cau 4: (3 iem)
Cho 4 gam PbSO
4
tinh khiet vao 150 ml nc va khuay cho en khi can
bang dung dch tren phan ran c thiet lap. Sau o nhung mot
ien cc ch va mot ien cc oi chieu (E
0
= 0,237V) vao dung dch.
Ngi ta o c 298K mot hieu ien the E = 0,478V; E
0
Pb
2+
/Pb =
-0,126V.
1. Hay cho biet ien cc nao trong hai ien cc tren co the thap hn.
ien cc nao la catot, ien cc nao la anot. Tnh tch so tan cua
PbSO
4
. Cho biet mau PbSO
4
se khong cho vao nc ma cho vao 150 ml
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:15
***************************************************************************************************************************
dung dch H
2
SO
4
co pH = 3. Hay giai thiet rang axit sunfuric a b
proton hoa hoan toan.
2. Hieu ien the nao co the co gia ien cc ch va ien cc oi
chieu. Tai mot nhiet o nhat nh th tch so tan cua PbSO
4
la T =
1,1.10
-8
. Cho 3 hang so can bang di ay:
PbSO
4 (r )
+ 2I
-

PbI
2 (r )
+ SO
4
2-
, K
1
= 4,6.10
-1
PbI
2
+ CrO
4
2-

PbCrO
4
+ 2I
-
, K
2
= 4,3.10
-12
PbS + CrO
4
2-

PbCrO
4
+ S
2-
, K
3
= 7,5.10
-8
3. Hay tnh tch so tan cua PbS.
Cau 5: (3 iem)
1. Mc toi thieu cho phep cua H
2
S trong khong kh la 0,01 mg/lit. e
anh gia s o nhiem khong kh mot nha may ngi ta lam nh
sau: ien phan dung dch KI trong 2 phut bang dong ien 2 mA. Sau o
cho 2 lt khong kh loi t t qua dung dch ien phan tren cho en khi
iod hoan toan mat mau. Them ho tinh bot vao bnh va tiep tuc
ien phan trong 35 giay na vi dong ien tren th thay dung dch
bat au xuat hien mau xanh. Giai thch th nghiem va cho biet s o
nhiem khong kh nha may tren nam di hay tren mc cho phep.
Tnh ham lng H
2
S trong khong kh theo the tch.
2. a. Tai sao H
2
S lai oc vi ngi?
b. Ta biet H
2
S nang hn khong kh va trong t nhien co nhieu nguon
phat sinh ra no, nhng tai sao tren mat at kh nay lai khong tch
tu lai?
Cau 6: (3 iem)
1. 27
0
C, 1atm co 20% N
2
O
4
bien oi thanh NO
2
. Tnh
a. K
p
b. phan tram N
2
O
4
b bien oi khi tong ap suat hon hp la 0,1 atm.
c. Khi co 69 gam N
2
O
4
vao trong bnh kn 20 lt 27
0
C. Tnh phan tram
N
2
O
4
b phan tch.
2. a. Tnh pH cua dung dch HCl 6,3.10
-8
M. Tnh pH cua dung dch NaOH 1.10
-8
.
b. Tnh hang so can bang cua phan ng: 3HIO

HIO
3
+ 2HI
Cho biet
2
0
HIO/ I
E
= + 1,45V;
0
HIO/ 2I
E
= + 0,45V;
3 2
0
IO / I
E
= +1,2V
Cau 7 : (1,5 iem)
Cho can bang hoa hoc: N
2
+ H
2

2NH
3
vi H = -92KJ.mol
-1
.
Neu xuat phat t hon hp cha N
2
va H
2
theo ty le mol ung bang
he so ty lng tc ty le 1:3 th khi at trang trang thai can bang
450
0
C, 300atm) NH
3
chiem 36% the tch.
1. Tnh hang so can bang K
p
.
2. Gi nhiet o khong oi 450
0
C can tien hanh phan ng di ap
suat bao nhieu e khi at trang thai can bang NH
3
chiem 50% the
tch.
Cau 8: (2 iem)
1. Nguyen t cua mot nguyen to
A
Z
X co cau hnh electron cac phan
lp ngoai cung la 5f
3
6d
1
7s
2
. Hay da vao s sap xep electron trong
cac lp (khong viet cau hnh elctron) cho biet v tr cua X trong bang
HTTH.
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:16
***************************************************************************************************************************
2. Nguyen t X tren ng au day phong xa cua mot ho phong xa.
Trong chuoi phong xa t
A
Z
X en mot nguyen t con
A-24
Z-9
X co bao
nhieu hat

va hat

a phong ra? Giai thch.


3. Trong ho phong xa
A
Z
X, cac nguyen to co trong ho co so khoi c
tnh theo cong thc A = 4n + 2 vi 51 n 59. Trong mot mau a cha
13,33

g ong v au va 3,09

g ong v cuoi cua day phong xa. Tnh


tuoi cua mau a coi nh chu ky ban ra t
A
Z
X en ong v cuoi la
4,51.10
-9
nam.
---------------------------------------------------------
o0o---------------------------------------------------------
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S GIAO DUC & AO TAO KY THI HOC SINH
GIOI VONG TNH
LAM ONG Nam
hoc 2004 - 2005
Ngay thi: 2 -12 - 2004
Thi gian lam bai: 180 phut (Khong ke thi gian phat e)
Cau 1: (2 iem)
1. Cho NaF, NaCl, NaBr, NaI lan lt tac dung vi dung dch H
2
SO
4
ac th
co the ieu che c HF, HCl, HBr, HI khong? tai sao? Viet cac phng
trnh phan ng minh hoa.
2. Hoa tan Fe d vao dung dch cha hon hp HCl, HBr thu c dung dch
A. cho dung dch A lan lt tac dung vi Cl
2
d, Br
2
d. Viet cac phng
trnh phan ng xay ra.
3. Giai thch tai sao HF la axit yeu nhat trong cac axit halgenhidric nhng
lai tao ra muoi axit.
Cau 2: (1,5 iem)
1. a. Phan ng oxi hoa kh va phan ng trao oi trong dung dch xay
ra theo chieu nao? V du.
b. Co the dung dung dch baz nao (dd NH
3
, NaOH) e ieu che
Cu(OH)
2
, Zn(OH)
2
, Fe(OH)
3
, Al(OH)
3
t dung dch muoi cua kim loai o.
2. Cho hon hp ong so mol Cu
2
S va FeS tac dung vi dung dch HNO
3
,
un nong thu c dung dch A va kh B. A tao thanh ket tua trang vi
BaCl
2
, e trong khong kh B chuyen thanh kh mau nau B
1
. Cho dung
dch A tac dung vi dung dch NH
3
tao ra dung dch A
1
va ket tua A
2
.
Nung A
2
nhiet o cao c chat ran A
3
. Viet cac phng trnh phan
ng dang ion thu gon.
Cau 3: (2 iem)
1. a. The nao la ket tua phan oan?
b. Cho dung dch X Cha Cl
-
0,1M va CrO
4
2-
10
-4
M. Them t t dung dch
AgNO
3
vao. Hoi ket tua AgCl hay Ag
2
CrO
4
ket tua trc va khi ket
tua th hai bat au xuat hien th ty le nong o cac ion Cl
-
va
CrO
4
2-
bang bao nhieu? cho T AgCl = 1.10
-10
va TAg
2
CrO
4
= 1.10
-12
. (Gia
s the tch dung dch khong thay oi khong ang ke khi them dung
dch AgNO
3
vao X)
2. Hoi co the hoa tan 0.01 mol AgCl trong 100 ml dung dch NH
3
1M. Biet
TagCl = 1,8.10
-10
. Kben cua phc Ag(NH
3
)
2
+
la 1,0.10
-8
.
Cau 4: (2 iem)
Ba hp chat A, B, C mach h co cong thc phan t tng ng C
3
H
6
O,
C
3
H
4
O, C
3
H
4
O
2
co cac tnh chat sau:
1. A, B khong tac dung vi Natri, khi cong hp hidro tao ra cung
mot san pham nh nhau.
2. B cong hidro tao ra A.
3. A co ong phan A khi b oxi hoa th A tao ra B.
4. C co ong phan C cung thuoc loai n chc nh C.
5. Khi oxi hoa B thu c C.
Hay phan biet A, A, B, C trong 4 lo mat nhan.
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Cau 5: (3 iem)
Mot hp chat hu c cha cac nguyen to C, H, O trong o C chiem
40% va H chiem 6,67% ve khoi lng. Thc hien cac phan ng sau
vi hp chat A:
- Phan ng 1: Cho A vao dung dch NaOH thu c 2 hp chat hu c B
va C.
- Phan ng 2: Cho them axit HCl vao th tao thanh hp chat D.
- Phan ng 3: Oxi hoa C cung thu c chat D.
1. Xac nh cong thc n gian cua A.
2. Xac nh cong thc cau tao cua A. Viet cac phng
trnh phan ng va goi ten cac chat t A en D theo danh phap
IUPAC.
3. Trnh bay c che cua phan ng th nghiem 1.
4. Viet phng trnh phan ng cua D vi H
2
SO
4
ac, nong.
Cau 6: (3,5 iem)
1. Tach rieng tng chat ra khoi hon hp chat long sau:
(C
2
H
5
)O, CH
3
OH, C
6
H
5
OH, CH
3
COOH.
2. T tinh bot, cac chat vo c khac va cac ieu kien
ky thuat can thiet, hay viet cac phng trnh phan ng ieu che:
Polivinyl axetat, Natri p-crezolat va cao su buna.
3. Dung CTCT, viet cac phng trnh phan ng xay ra theo
s o sau (cho biet B la chat kh):
CH
2
CH
2
Cl Cl
NaOH loang
KOH ac, t cao
Zn, t cao
0
0
A
B
D
A
1
B
1
B
2
AgNO
3
/NH
3
A
2
B
2
B
3
A
3
dietyl oxalat
B
4
Axeton
Ca(OH)
2
Cau 7: (1,5 iem)
Co 6 ong phan cau tao cua C
5
H
8
la nhng anken vong khong cha
nhom etyl.
1. Cho biet cau tao cua 6 hp chat nay.
2. Lay mau th cua 3 trong 6 hp chat tren cho vao cac chai dan
nhan A, B, C nhng khong biet hp chat nao trong chai nao. Da tren
ket qua cua nhng phan ng sau vi KMnO
4
hay cho biet cau tao
cua cac hp chat A, B, C, D, E, F.
- Hp chat A tao ra axit cacboxilic (D) co cha nguyen t cacbon bat
oi.
- Hp chat B tao ra dixeton (E) khong cha cacbon bat oi.
- Hp chat (C) tao ra (F) va cha nhom cacboxyl va cha nhom
xeton va cung co nguyen t cacbon bat oi.
Cau 8: (1,5 iem)
1. So sanh lien ket Nit nit trong hidrazin va trong kh ci N
2
O.
- Trong phan t nao lien ket Nit nit ngan hn?
- Trong phan t nao lien ket Nit nit ben hn? Giai thch.
2. Phan t nao sau ay phan cc? Khong phan cc? a. BF
3
b. HBF
2
.
Cau 9: (1,5 iem)
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***************************************************************************************************************************
S oxi hoa I
-
bi S
2
O
8
2-
c xuc tac bi cac ion Fe
2+
cung nh Fe
3+
.
1. Can lam nhng th nghiem nao e thay vai tro xuc tac cua cac
ion Fe
2+
, Fe
3+
.
2. Giai thch c che xuc tac.
3. Hay rut ra ket luan ve the oxi hoa kh cua chat xuc tac.
Cau 10: (1,5 iem)
Cho s o chuyen hoa sau:
A
KMnO
4
d
HNO
3
ac, mol
H
2
SO
4
ac
Cl
2
, mol, Fe
B
D E
G H
HCl d
1
1
(
1 mol)

C
+
+
1. Viet cac phng trnh phan ng xay ra, biet a thuoc day ong ang
cua benzen va co ty khoi hi so vi metan bang 5,75. Cac chat B, C,
D, G, H eu la cac chat hu c.
2. Cho biet vai tro cua H
2
SO
4
trong phan ng (3) va Fe trong phan ng
(4). Viet c che cua phan ng (3) va (4)
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o0o----------------------------------------------------------
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***************************************************************************************************************************
Ngay thi: 17 -12 2004
Thi gian lam bai: 180 phut (Khong ke thi gian phat e)
Cau 1: (4 iem)
1. Cho s o sau:
C
7
H
13
O
4
N (A) C
3
H
3
O
4
NNa
2
(B) + (C)
B C
3
H
6
O
4
NCl (D) +
C C
4
H
6
(E) etylxicloxexan (F)
Biet hp chat A co cau tao oi xng. Hay hoan thanh cac phng
trnh phan ng (di dang cong thc cau tao) e thc hien chuyen
hoa tren.
2. Cho axeton va benzandehit phan ng vi nhau trong dung dch NaOH,
viet cac san pham va giai thch?
3. Thuy phan 13 gam mot este quang hoat co cong thc phan t C
7
H
14
O
2
bang cach un este vi mot lng d dung dch NaOH. Sau phan ng
chiet hon hp bang ete (e hoa tan mot trong hai san pham) tach
lay lp ete, lam kho va chng cat uoi ete thu c mot chat long
quang hoat can c 7,4 gam (hieu suat 100%) dung dch nc sau khi
chiet la khong quang hoat. Xac nh cong thc cau tao cua este.
Cau 2: (3,5 iem)
1. Can bang cac phng trnh phan ng sau:
a. 2,3,3-trimetyl pentadien-1,4 + KmnO
4

b. 3-alylxiclohexen-1 + K
2
Cr
2
O
7
+ H
2
SO
4

2. a. Hay e ngh cong thc cau tao cua cac chat t A en G trong
day tong hp papaverin C
20
H
21
O
4
N (G)
(3,4-CH
3
O)
2
C
6
H
3
CH
2
Cl
KCN

A
2
H / Ni
B
0
3
H O / t
+

C
5
PCl
D
+

B
E
2 5
P O
F
0
Pd,t

G
b. Trong papaverin co d vong nao?
3. Hp chat A (C
5
H
9
OBr) khi tac dung vi Iod trong moi trng kiem tao
ket tua mau vang. A tac dung vi dung dch NaOH tao ra hai xeton B
va C co cung cong thc phan t la C
5
H
8
O. (B) va (C) eu khong
lam mat mau dung dch KMnO
4
lanh, ch co B tao ket tua mau
vang khi tac dung vi Iod trong moi trng kiem. Cho B tac dung vi
CH
3
MgBr roi vi nc th thu c D (C
6
H
12
O). D tac dung vi HBr tao ra
2 ong phan cau tao E va F co cong thc phan t C
6
H
11
Br

trong o
ch co E lam mat mau dung dch KMnO
4
lanh. Dung CTCT, viet s
o phan ng t A tao thanh B, C, D, E, F. Viet ten A va D theo danh
phap IUPAC.
Cau 3: (4 iem)
1. T phenylaxetandehit, axit malonic va axit axetic hay ieu che cis-
decalin.
2. Viet phng trnh phan ng cua isobutylclorua vi:
a. KOH trong atanol
b. Amoniac (dun nong trong ong han kn)
c. Magie trong ete khan.
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***************************************************************************************************************************
3. Khi cho tert-butyl axetat tac dung vi CH
3
ONa, dung CH
3
OH lam dung
moi eu thu u7oc metyl axetat, nhng phan ng cua etyl axetat nhanh
gap 10 lan phan ng cua tert-butyl axetat. Mat khac, khi co mot
lng nho HCl th metanol nhanh chong phan ng vi tert-butyl axetat
tao ra axit axetic va tert-butyl metyl ete, trong khi o metanol lai phan
ng rat cham vi etyl axetat tao ra etanol va metyl axetat.
a. Viet cac phng trnh phan ng bieu dien c che cua nhng phan
ng tren.
b. Co the s dung ong v
18
O nh the nao e chng minh c c
che cua phan ng tren.
Cau 4: (3 iem)
1. Co 6 ong phan cua C
4
H
8
(la chat kh nhiet o phong) ng trong
6 bnh gas b mat nhan. Xac nh cac chat trong 6 bnh gas t A en F.
Bat au suy tm trong moi bnh gas cha chat nao, ta quan sat thay:
a. A, B, C, D lam nhat mau nhanh chong (ngay ca trong bong toi),
trong khi E, F khong lam nhat mau brom.
b. Cac san pham t phan ng cua B va C vi brom la ong
phan lap the cua nhau.
c. A, B va C eu cho san pham giong nhau khi phan ng vi H
2
xuc
tac Pd.
d. E co iem soi cao hn F.
e. C co iem soi cao hn B.
2. Cho s o phan ng:
CH
3
C=O
C
3
H
7
C
2
H
5 H
1
. C
6
H
5
MgBr
2
. H
2
O
B
HBr ac
C
(A)
a. Viet c che phan ng va cong thc cau tao cac san pham.
b. Goi ten cac cau hnh cua B vaa C theo danh phap R, S.
3. Hay giai thch s hnh thanh nhanh chong 2,4,6-Br
3
C
6
H
2
NH
2
(C) khi cho p-
H
2
N-C
6
H
4
-SO
3
H (A) hoac p-O
2
N-C
6
H
4
-COOH (D) tng tac vi dung dch
nc brom.
Cau 5: (2,5 iem)
1. Mot hp chat trien quang 5-bromo hexanol-2 trong moi trng kiem se
tao thanh chat A khong co tnh trien quang, trong khi o mot oi
quang cua 5-bromo hexanol-2 tren trong moi trng kiem lai cho hp
chat B co tnh trien quang. Ca hai chat A va B eu co CTPT la C
6
H
12
O.
Da vao cau truc lap the, hay giai thch 2 trng hp tren.
2. X la mot disaccarit khong kh c AgNO
3
trong dung dch NH
3
. Khi thuy
phan X tao ra san pham duy nhat la M (

-D-andoz). M ch khac D-
Riboz cau hnh nguyen t C
2
. Biet:
M
3
CH OH,xtHCl
N
3
CH I,xtOH

Q
2
H O,xtH
+

dan xuat 2,3,4-tri-O-metyl cua M.


a. Xac nh cong thc cua M, N, Q, X (dang vong phang)
b. Viet s o cac phan ng a xay ra.
Cau 6: (3 iem)
1. Lam the nao thc hien chuyen hoa sau vi hieu suat tot nhat:
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NH
2
C
O
NH
2
2. Hay tm cach tong hp cac baz c tm thay trong axit nucleic la
xitozin va timon.
3. Hay cho biet cau truc bac I cua polipeptit theo ket qua phan tch sau:
o Thuy phan hoan toan peptit thu c 5 aminoaxit la Gly, Ala, Arg, Leu,
Tyr.
o Cho peptit tac dung vi 2,4-dinitro flo benzen ta thay Glixin b tach ra
khoi peptit.
o Thuy phan Peptit nh enzim cacboxipeptidaza th Alanin c tach ra.
o Khi x ly Peptit bang tripsin thu c hon hp tripeptit, con khi thuy
phan bang chimotripsin thu c cac dipeptit.
------------------------------------------------------------
o0o-----------------------------------------------------------
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Ngay thi: 16 -12 2004
Thi gian lam bai: 180 phut (Khong ke thi gian phat e)
Cau 1:
a. Dan mot luong khong kh lan cac tap chat hidrosunfua, kh cacbonic
lan lt i qua dung dch NaOH, H
2
SO
4
ac va vun ong nong o.
Sau th nghiem con lai nhng kh g? Neu hien tng va viet cac
phng trnh phan ng.
b. Dung P
2
O
5
e lam mat nc mot axit A th thu c mot chat ran
mau trang B. biet B de phan huy thanh hai chat kh ma khi c
hap thu vao nc th tao lai A. Hay xac nh A va B. Viet cac
phng trnh phan ng xay ra.
Cau 2:
a. Ag
3
PO
4
la chat ket tua mau vang, nhng dung AgNO
3
e nhan
biet H
3
PO
4
th khong the thc hien c. V sao? muon dung AgNO
3
e nhan biet H
3
PO
4
th phai tien hanh nh the nao?
b. Kim loai Rb ng cao hn Ca trong day ien hoa, nhng co the ieu
che c Rb khi ot nong hon hp RbCl va Ca trong chan khong.
Hay cho biet tai sao co the ieu che c Rb theo phng phap
tren va phai thc hien phan ng trong chan khong.
c. Hay cho biet cau truc hnh hoc, s lai hoa cua cac phan t: SCl
2
,
OF
2
, OCl
2
va hay giai thch s khac nhau ve cac goc lien ket trong
phan t.
d. Da vao cau hnh electron cua Uran [Rn]5f
3
6d
1
7s
2
,hay :
- Cho biet hai hp chat A va B cua Uran vi Flo va giai thch tai
sao co c hai hp chat nay
- Viet phan ng ClF
3
+ A B + Cl
2

Cau 3:
a. Hoan thanh s o sau :
(1)
X
Z
A
-> ? +
2
He
4
(hat alpha) ; cho v du vi nguyen to
88
Ra
226

(2)
X
Z
A
-> ? + e
-
(hat beta ) ; cho v du vi nguyen to
19
K
40
b. Trong day phong xa
92
U
23
, qua mot day phong xa lien tiep
th
92
U
238
bien thanh ong v ben
82
Pb
206
. Hoi trong qua trnh phong
xa o co bao nhieu hat alpha, hat beta c phong ra t mot hat
nhan
92
U
238
c. Nghien cu mot manh go lay t mot di vat khao co
ngi ta thay toc o phan ra (oi vi moi gam cacbon) ch bang
0.636 lan toc o phan ra cua cacbon trong go ngay nay
Xac nh tuoi cua manh go o, biet rang C
14
phong xa beta vi
chu ky ban huy la 5730 nam
Cau 4:
Hp chat X dang tinh the mau trang co tnh chat hoa hoc sau :
- ot nong X nhiet o cao cho ngon la mau vang .
- Hoa tan X vao nc c dung dch A . Cho kh SO
2
t t vao
dung dch A thay xuat hien mau nau. Tiep tuc cho SO
2
vao th mau
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nau mat i, thu c dung dch B. Them mot lng d AgNO
3
vao dung
dch B thay xuat hien ket tua mau vang.
- Hoa tan X vao nc, cho them vao mot t dung dch H
2
SO
4
loang
va KI, thay xuat hien mau nau va mau nau b mat i khi them
dung dch Na
2
S
2
O
3
vao.
a. Viet cac phng trnh phan ng co the xay ra dang phan
t va ion thu gon.
b. Biet trong phan t X, nguyen to trung tam the hien so oxi
hoa dng cao nhat. Xac nh cong thc phan t cua X.
Cau 5:
Nung mot mau quang cha MnO, Cr
2
O
3
va cac tap chat tr vi lng
d chat oxi hoa manh Na
2
O
2
thu c hon hp cha Na
2
MnO
4
va
Na
2
CrO
4
. Hoa tan cac chat thu u7oc sau phan ng vao nc thu c
ket tua MnO
2
va dung dch B co cha ion MnO
4
-
, CrO
4
2-
. Cho them dung
dch H
2
SO
4
d vao dung dch B thu c dung dch C co cha cac ion
MnO
4
-
, Cr
2
O
7
2-
. Them dung dch FeSO
4
d vao dung dch C. Cho dung dch
H
2
SO
4
va dung dch FeSO
4
vao ket tua MnO
2
. Viet cac phng trnh
phan ng xay ra trong th nghiem tren.
Cau 6:
De-Nol la ten mot dc pham oc s dung rong rai e ieu tr
benh loet da day, la mot phc chat cua Bitmut BiO[(OOC)C(OH)
(CH
2
COOH)
2
]. tac dung cua thuoc da tyren phan ng cua no vi
HCl trong dch v e tao ra BiOCl t tan co tac dung diet khuan tren
vet loet.
a. Tnh hang so ben cua phc bitmout oxo citrat tren. Biet thuoc c
dung trc ba an moi lan 500 mg the tch da day ngi trung
bnh khoang 1 lt, dch v c coi la dung dch HCl 0,27M.
b. Co the dung thuoc De-Nol ket hp vi cac thuoc lam, giam
lng axit c khong ngha la dung ong thi vi cac thuoc co
dc chat cha Mg(OH)
2
, Al(OH)
3
... e lam giam o axit cua dch
v; Biet Bitmutil hidroxit BiOOH co tnh khang khuan rat yeu.
Cho TbiOCl = 7.10
-9
; TBiOOH = 4.10
-10
, Bi = 209, H = 1, O = 16.
Cau 7:
Mat noi tiep ba bnh ien phan co ien cc tr: Bnh 1: 100 ml dung
dch CuCl
2
0,1 M; Bnh 2: 100 ml dung dch FeCl
3
0,1M va Bnh 3: 100 ml dung
dch Ag
2
SO
4
0,02 M. Cho dong ien 1 chieu I = 1,34 A i qua. Tnh khoi
lng kim loai thoat ra cac catot sau 6 phut; 12 phut; 18 phut va 24
phut. Hoi sau thi gian bao lau (ke t khi bat d0au en phan) khoi
lng kim loai cac catot khong oi?
Cho Fe = 56, Cu = 64, Ag = 108.
Cau 8:
a. Them t t NaOH vao 1 lt dung dch cha 0,2 mol Fe
2+
va 0,2 mol
Fe
3+
co pH =1 cho ti khi pH = 5 th the ien cc cua dung dch o
c la 0,152 Volt. Hoi chat nao ket tua trc va co khoi lng
la bao nhieu. Tnh tch so tan cua Fe(OH)
3
(bo qua s thay oi the
tch dung dch). Cho E
0
Fe+/Fe+
= 0.77V. Fe = 56.
b. Cho mot dung dch axit yeu HG co nong o dung dch la C (M) hang
so axit la K
a
. hay chng minh [HG] = [H
+
].C /K + [H
+
] va [G] = K.C/K +
[H
+
]
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:25
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Cau 9:
a. Hai hp chat X va Y co cong thc (AB)
n
va (CD)
n
vi AC la kim loai;
BD la phi kim. X va X co cung tong so electron trong phan t la
28. A, B, C, D cung trong mot chu ky. Xac nh gia tr cua n suy ra
cong thc co the co cua X va Y.
b. Chon cong thc ng vi trng hp X, Y co tnh cong hoa tr cao
hn tnh ion. Lay X, Y tac dung vi dung dch HCl. Viet phng trnh
phan ng.
Cau 10:
a. Xet phan ng 2A + B = C + D.
Hang so toc o phan ng tnh ra: mol
-1
.l.s
-1
. Xac nh bac cua
phan ng.
b. e hoa tan het mot mau kem trong dung dch axit HCl 20
0
C can
27 phut. Cung mau kem o tan het trong dung dch axit noi tren
40
0
C trong 3 phut. Hoi e hoa tan het mau Zn noi tren 55
0
C
th can thi gian bao nhieu?
------------------------------------------------------o0o-----------------------------------------------------
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:26
***************************************************************************************************************************

S Giao duc va ao tao Lam ong E THI HOC
SINH GIOI VONG TRNG
Trng THPT chuyen Thang long Nam hoc 2005 - 2006


Thi gian lam bai: 90 phut (Khong ke thi gian phat e)
Cau 1: (3 iem)
1. Ch dung them mot dung dch axit va mot dung dch baz, hay phan
biet cac mau hp kim sau:
a. Cu Ag
b. Cu Zn
c. Cu Al
d. Na - K
2. Co 6 goi bot co mau tng t nhau: CuO, FeO, Fe
3
O
4
, MnO
2
, Ag
2
O va
hon hp Fe + FeO. Ch dung dung dch HCl co the phan biet c 6
goi bot o hay khong? Neu c hay trnh bay cach phan biet.
3. Viet 6 loai phan ng trc tiep tao ra NO
2
.
4. Tnh % N
2
O
4
b phan li thanh NO
2
27
0
C va 1 atm, biet khoi lng
rieng cua hon hp N
2
O
4
va NO
2
ieu kien tren la 3,11 g/l.
Cau 2: (2 iem)
1. e 1 t phoi sat ngoai khong kh, sau mot thi gian thu c hon hp X
gom 4 chat. Chia hon hp X thanh 2 phan. Hoa tan phan 1 trong dung
dch H
2
SO
4
loang d thu c dung dch Y. Nho dung dch thuoc tm vao
dung dch Y thay dung dch thuoc tm b mat mau. Hoa tan phan 2
trong dung dch HNO
3
loang thu c dung dch Z va kh khong mau hoa
nau ngoai khong kh. Cho bot ong kim loai vao dung dch Z cho en
d. Viet cac phng trnh phan ng xay ra.
2. So sanh pH cua cac dung dch co cung nong o mol/lit cua NH
3
, KOH,
Ba(OH)
2
. Giai thch.
Cau 3: (2 iem)
1. Phat bieu ieu kien e kim loai (khong tan trong nc) tac dung
hoan toan vi dung dch H
3
PO
4.
Viet phng trnh phan ng minh hoa vi kim loai Mg
2. ot chay 0,3 mol Mg trong bnh cha 0,1 mol khong kh(gom 20% oxi
va 80% nit ) thu c san pham A. Cho A vao dung dch H
3
PO
4
0,1M.
Tnh the tch toi thieu dung dch H
3
PO
4
0,33M can e hoa tan hoan
toan san pham A. Biet cac phan ng xay ra hoan toan.
Cau 4: (3 iem)
A, B la 2 nguyen to khong phai la hidro. Tong so hat proton, ntron,
electron cua AB
x
nhieu hn cua A
x
B la 3 (x la so nguyen dng). Trong
phan t AB
x
: A chiem 30,435% ve khoi lng va so hat mang ien
cua B nhieu hn cua A la 18.
1. Xac nh ten cua A, B va viet cong thc cau tao cua AB
x
, A
x
B.
2. Hoan thanh phng trnh phan ng:
M + XAB
x+1
M(AB
x+1
)
n
+ A
a
B
b
+ ?
Vi : M la kim loai, X la nguyen to phu hp, x la ch so cau a,
bao nhieu la chat phu hp.
Vi 5a - 2b = 8 th A
a
B
b
co the la AB
x
hay A
x
B? Viet lai phng trnh
tren.
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:27
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Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:28
***************************************************************************************************************************
HNG DAN CHAM
E THI HSG VONG TRNG - 2005
Cau 1: (3 iem)
1. (0,5 iem)
Th nghiem tren tng lng nho cac chat.
Dung dung dch HCl nhan ra mau a. khong tan; mau d. tan hoan toan;
mau b. va c. tan mot phan.
Zn + 2HCl = ZnCl
2
+ H
2
(0,25 )
2Al + 6HCl = 2AlCl
3
+ 3H
2
2Na + 2HCl = 2NaCl + H
2
2K + 2HCl = 2KCl + H
2
Dung dung dch NH
3
cho vao dung dch thu c mau b. va mau c.
tren en d, mau b. tao ket tua keo trang, tan trong NH
3
d, mau c. tao
ket tua keo trang khong tan.
ZnCl
2
+ 2NH
3
+ 2H
2
O = Zn(OH)
2
+ 2NH
4
Cl
(0,25 )
AlCl
3
+ 3NH
3
+ 3H
2
O = Al(OH)
3
+ 3NH
4
Cl
Zn(OH)
2
+ 4NH
3
= Zn(NH
3
)
4
(OH)
2
2. (0,75 iem)
Th nghiem tren tng lng nho cac chat.
(0,125 x 6 = 0,75)
Cho dung dch HCl ac lan lt vao cac mau th.
+ Mau th nao tan tao dung dch mau xanh la CuO: CuO + 2HCl CuCl
2
+
H
2
O
+ Mau th nao tan tao dung dch xanh nhat la FeO: FeO + 2HCl FeCl
2
+
H
2
O
+ Mau th nao tan tao dung dch mau nau o la Fe
3
O
4
: Fe
3
O
4
+ 8HCl
2FeCl
3
+ FeCl
2
+ 4H
2
O
+ Mau th nao tan tao kh co mau vang luc nhat la MnO
2
: MnO
2
+ 4HCl
MnCl
2
+ Cl
2
+ 2H
2
O
+ Mau th nao tao ket tua trang la Ag
2
O: Ag
2
O + 2HCl 2AgCl + H
2
O
+ Mau th nao tan tao kh khong mau la Fe + FeO: Fe + 2HCl FeCl
2
+ H
2
FeO + 2HCl FeCl
2
+ H
2
O
3. (0,75 iem)
Cac phan ng tao ra NO
2
(0,125 x 6 =
0,75)
a. N
2
O
4

2NO
2

b. Cu + 4HNO
3
= Cu(NO
3
)
2
+ 2NO
2
+ 2H
2
O
c. 4HNO
3
= 4NO
2
+ O
2
+ 2H
2
O
d. 2NO + O
2
= 2NO
2

e. 6HNO
3
+ S = 6NO
2
+ H
2
SO
4
+ 2H
2
O
f. 2Fe(NO
3
)
3
= Fe
2
O
3
+ 6NO
2
+ 3/2O
2
4. (1 iem)
Ta co can bang: N
2
O
4

2NO
2
(0,125)
Tnh M cua hon hp:
M = 22,4 x 3,11 x
273 27
273
+
= 76,554 (0,25 )
Goi x la % N
2
O
4
trong hon hp, ta co:
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:29
***************************************************************************************************************************
76,554 = 92x + 46(1 x)

x = 0,663 =
2
3
(0,25 )
Vay c co 2 mol N
2
O
4
th co 1 mol NO
2
. Vay % N
2
O
4
a b phan huy: h =
1
100
2
1
2
2
+
= 20% (0,375 )
Cau 2: (2 iem)
1. (1,5 iem)
Cac phng trnh phan ng: (0,25 )
2Fe + O
2
= 2FeO
3Fe + 2O
2
= Fe
3
O
4
4Fe + 3O
2
= 2Fe
2
O
3
Hon hp X gom Fe, FeO, Fe
3
O
4
, Fe
2
O
3
Phan 1 + dd H
2
SO
4
loang: (0,5 )
FeO + H
2
SO
4
= FeSO
4
+ H
2
O
Fe
3
O
4
+ 4H
2
SO
4
= Fe
2
(SO
4
)
3
+ FeSO
4
+ 4H
2
O
Fe
2
O
3
+ 3H
2
SO
4
= Fe
2
(SO
4
)
3
+ 3H
2
O
Fe + H
2
SO
4
= FeSO
4
+ H
2
10FeSO
4
+ 2KMnO
4
+ 8H
2
SO
4
= 5Fe
2
(SO
4
)
3
+ K
2
SO
4
+ 2MnSO
4
+ 8H
2
O
Phan 2 + dd HNO
3
loang (0,75 )
Fe + 4HNO
3
= Fe(NO
3
)
3
+ NO + 2H
2
O
3FeO + 10HNO
3
= 3Fe(NO
3
)
3
+ NO + 5H
2
O
3Fe
3
O
4
+ 28HNO
3
= 9Fe(NO
3
)
3
+ NO + 14H
2
O
Fe
2
O
3
+ 6HNO
3
= 2Fe(NO
3
)
3
+ 3H
2
O
3Cu + 8HNO
3
= 3Cu(NO
3
)
2
+ 2NO + 4H
2
O
Cu + 2Fe(NO
3
)
3
= Cu(NO
3
)
2
+ 2Fe(NO
3
)
2
2NO + O
2
= 2NO
2
2. (0,5 iem)
Ba(OH)
2
= Ba
2+
+ 2OH
-
(0,25 )
C 2C (mol/l)
NaOH = Na
+
+ OH
-
C C (mol/l)
NH
3
+ H
2
O

NH
4
+
+ OH
-
C C
1
V NH
3
ch ien ly mot phan nen ta co: 2C > C > C
1
.
Khi nong o OH
-
cang cao th pH cang ln, nen pH (Ba(OH)
2
) > pH (NaOH) >
pH (NH
3
) (0,25)
Cau 3: (3 iem)
1. (2,5 iem)
Xac nh A, B va CTCT A
x
B, AB
x
:
Hieu so hat:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 2 2 2 3
A A B B A A B B
Z N Z N x Z N x Z N + + + + + + 1 1
] ]
hay (x 1) (2Z
B
+ N
B
2Z
A
+ N
A
) = 3
(0,125)
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:30
***************************************************************************************************************************
2 2 3(1)
1 1 2
2 2 1(1')
1 3 4
B B A A
B B A A
Z N Z N
x hay x
Z N Z N
x hay x
+
'

'

* Vi he (1): AB
x
la AB
2
% khoi lng:
30, 435
2 2 100
A A
A A B B
Z N
Z N Z N
+

+ + +
69,565(Z
A
+ N
A
) = 60,87 (Z
B
+N
B
) (2)
(0,25)
Hieu so hat mang ien:
4Z
B
2Z
A
= 18 hay 2Z
B
Z
A
= 9 (3)
(0,125)
T (1), (3) N
A
= 15 + N
B
2Z
B
(4)
(0,125)
T (2), (3) N
A
= 9 + 0,875N
B
1,125Z
B
(5)
(0,125)
T (4), (5) N
B
= 7Z
B
48
(0,125)
V Z
B
N
B
1,5 Z
B

8 Z
b
8,727
Z
B
= 8 B la oxi
(0,25)
Z
A
= 7 A la Nit
AB
x
la NO
2
co CTCT la :
(0,25)
A
x
B la N
2
O co CTCT la N N O hoac N N = 0
* Vi he 2: AB
x
la AB
4

% khoi lng:
30, 435
4 4 100
A A
A A B B
Z N
Z N Z N
+

+ + +
(0,25)
69,565(Z
A
+ N
A
) = 121,74 (Z
B
+ N
B
) (2)
Hieu so hat mang ien:
8 Z
B
2Z
A
= 18 hay 4Z
B
Z
A
= 9 (3)
(0,125)
T (1), (3) N
A
= 17 + N
B
6Z
B
(4)
(0,125)
T (2), (3) N
A
= 9 + 1,75N
B
2,25Z
B
(5)
(0,125)
T (4), (5) 3,75Z
B
+ 0,75N
B
= 8
V: Z
B
N
B
1,5Z
B
(0,125)
(He 1)
(He 2)
(0,125)
(0,125)
O
N
O
t
0
t
0
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:31
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Z
B
2,04 va Z
B
1,77 (vo l loai)
(0,125)
2. (0,5)
(5a2b)M + (6na2nb)HNO
3
= (5a2b)M(NO
3
)
n
+ n N
a
O
b
+ (3nanb)H
2
O(1)
(0,125)
Th vi N
2
O va NO
2
ta thay ch co N
2
O phu hp (a = 2, b = 1), tc la
A
a
B
b
la A
x
B (hay N
2
O)
8M + 10nHNO
3
= 8M(NO
3
)
n
+ nN
2
O + 5nH
2
O
(0,125)
Cau 4: (2 iem)
1. (0,75 iem)
ieu kien e kim loai (khong tan trong nc) tac dung hoan toan vi
dd H
3
PO
4
la :
- Kim loai phai manh hn H
2
trong day ien hoa.
- Muoi tao thanh sau cung phai la muoi tan .
(0,25 )
Th du : Mg tan hoan toan trong dd H
3
PO
4
theo trnh t sau :
3Mg + 2H
3
PO
4
Mg
3
(PO
4
)
2
+ 3H
2

(0,125 )
Mg
3
(PO
4
)
2
+ H
3
PO
4
3MgHPO
4

(0,125 )
MgHPO
4
+ H
3
PO
4
Mg(H
2
PO
4
)
2
tan
(0,25 )
2. (1,25 iem)
Cac phan ng cua Mg khi chay trong khong kh :

2
2
1
+ O Mg MgO
(0,125 )
0,04 0,02mol 0,04
3Mg + N
2
Mg
3
N
2
(0,125 )
0,24 0,08mol 0,08
Vi 0,08mol 0,02 - n va
2
N
= 1 , 0 = 02 , 0 = 1 , 0
5
1
=
2
mol n
O

Vay so mol Mg d = 0,3 (0,04 + 0,24) = 0,02 mol (0,25 )
San pham A gom Mg : 0,02 mol
MgO : 0,04 mol
Mg
3
N
2
: 0,08 mol
MgO + 2H
3
PO
4
Mg(H
2
PO
4
)
2
+ H
2
O
(0,125 )
0,04mol 0,08
Mg + 2H
3
PO
4
Mg(H
2
PO
4
)
2
+ H
2

0,125 )
0,02 mol 0,04
3Mg
3
N
2
+ 20H
3
PO
4
9Mg(H
2
PO
4
)
2
+ 2(NH
4
)
3
PO
4

(0,25 )
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:32
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0,08mol
3
6 , 1
So mol H
3
PO
4
= 0,08 + 0,04 + mol
3
96 , 1
=
3
6 , 1
The tch dd H
3
PO
4
0,33M toi thieu can dung la :

98 , 1 =
33 , 0 . 3
96 , 1
= V

(0,25 )
* Chu y : Trong dung dch
-
4 2
PO H : khong the hnh thanh
MgNH
4
PO
4
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:33
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Thi gian lam bai: 90 phut (Khong ke thi gian phat e)
Cau 1:
1. Nit tao ra mot so oxit. Mot trong nhng oxit quan trong cua nit la NO
2
,
mot kh hoat ong co mau nau o.
a. Viet cau truc Lewis cua NO
2
va d oan hnh dang cua no bang
thuyet ay oi electron hoa tr
b. Dung thuyet ay oi electron hoa tr, d oan hnh dang cua ion
NO
2
-
, NO
2
+
. So sanh hnh dang cua hai ion vi hnh dang cua NO
2
.
c. Xet hai hp chat khac cua nit la trimetylamin va trisylylamin. Goc
lien ket quan sat c tai nit trong cac hp chat nay lan lt
bang 108
0
va 120
0
. Giai thch s khac biet goc lien ket nay.
2. Ca Nit va Bo eu co the tao triflorua. Nang lng lien ket trong BF
3
bang 646Kj.mol
-1
, con trong NF
3
ch bang 280 Kj.mol
-1
. Hay giai thch s
khac biet cac nang lng lien ket.
3. iem soi cua NF
3
la

129
0
C trong khi o iem soi cua NH
3
la 33
0
C.
Ammoniac tac dung nh la mot baz Lewis trong khi NF
3
lai

khong.
Moment lng cc quan sat c cua NF
3
la 0,24 D nho hn nhieu so
vi moment lng cc cua NH
3
(1,46 D) mac du o am ien cua flo
ln hn nhieu so vi hiro. Giai thch cac s khac biet oa.
4. Phan ng cua dung dch NaNO
3
trong nc vi hon hong natri cung
nh cua etyl nitrit vi hiroxylamin co mat natri etoxit cho cung san
pham. San pham nay la muoi cua mot axit yeu khong ben cua
nit. Hay xac nh axit va viet cong thc cau truc cua axit. Axit nay
ong phan hoa thanh mot san pham co ng dung trong thanh
phan nhien lieu ten la. Viet cong thc cau truc cua ong phan
nay.
Cau 2:
1. Chuan o ien the mot dung dch cha ion Sn
2+
bang Fe
3+
.
a. Viet phng trnh phan ng chung va tnh bien thien the ang ap
tieu chuan cua phan ng chung.
b. Xac nh hang so can bang cua phan ng chung.
Cho E
0
Sn
4+
/Sn
2+
= 0,154 V E
0
Fe
3+
/Fe
2+
= 0,771 V
2. Mot trong nhng phng phap phan tch quan trong e c lng Cu
2+
la chuan o iod. Trong phan ng nay, Cu
2+
b kh thanh Cu
+
bi I
-
va I
2
tao thanh c chuan o bang dung dch natrithiosunfat tieu
chuan. Phan ng oxihoa kh nh sau:
2Cu
2+
+ 4I
-
2CuI
(r)

+ I
2(aq)
(1)
Cho: E
0
Cu
2+
/Cu
+
= 0,153 V E
0
I
2
/2I
-
pK
sp
CuI = 12.
Tnh hang so can bang cua phan ng (1).
Cau 3:
Phan ng gia 24,71g muoi clorua cua mot nguyen to phan nhom
chnh (phan nhom A) vi 10,9g amoniac tao ra mot hon hp cac san
pham gom 25,68g NH
4
Cl; 2,57g mot nguyen to the ran va 7,37g
muoi nitrua ket tinh mau vang cua nguyen to o; phan ng xay ra
theo phng trnh sau: nA
w
Cl
x
+ mNH
3
pNH
4
Cl + qA + rA
y
N
z
Tuyen Tap e Thi Hoc Sinh Gioi Vong Tnh
Trang:34
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(Trong o n ,m p, q,r ,w, x ,y, z la cac he so va cac ch so phai
xac nh )
Mot mau Nitrua tren no manh khi ap bang bua, nhng khi polime
hoa co kiem soat bang cach un nong tao thanh mot chat ran,
dang si, mau o hong, co kha nang dan ien nh kim loai.
a. Xac nh nguyen to A.
b. Viet va can bang mot phng trnh ay u cho cac phan
ng gia muoi clorua vi amoniac noi tren.
Viet va can bang mot phng trnh cho qua trinh oxi hoa kh co
trong phan ng tren.
--------------------------------------------------------o
o----------------------------------------------------

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