BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Muc luc
Chng I: GI I THIU .......................................................................... 2 A. Gii thiu v cng ty HNG TR .................................................. 2 1. Quy m va chi n l c .................................................................. 2 2. Cac linh vc chinh ....................................................................... 4 a. Lanh cng nghip ................................................................... 4 b. M & E..................................................................................... 7 c. Sn phm ................................................................................ 9 B. Gii thiu s l c v n vi thc t p ........................................... 11 Chng II: NI DUNG THC TP ..................................................... 12 A. Tim hiu v h th ng la nh ............................................................ 12 1. S nguyn l ......................................................................... 12 2. Cc thit b chnh ....................................................................... 12 3. Thit b ph ............................................................................... 15 4. in trong h thng lanh............................................................ 15 a. Cc thit b thng s dng .................................................. 15 b. iu khin v bo v cc thit b lanh ................................... 16 c. Cc mach in chnh ............................................................. 17 B. c bn v v thi cng t in ..................................................... 24 1. Cac bc thi cng 1 t in.....24 2. Nghin cu bn v cng trnh Tin Phong JSC..........................24 a. Mach ng lc . 24 b. Mach iu khin ... 25 3. Bn v thc t .26 4. Mt s hnh nh trong qu trnh thc tp....27 5. Tm hiu 1 s thit b iu khin chuyn dng.......30 Chng III: NHT KY THC TP........35

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Chng I: Gii Thiu

A. Gii thiu v cng ty HNG TR: 1. Quy m va chi n l c :

Thnh lp t nm 1997, cng ty TNHH Thng mai v Dch v K thut Hng Tri nay l cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lanh Hng Tri tr thnh n v hng u trong linh vc cung cp thit b v dch v k thut cht lng cao trong ngnh Lanh Cng Nghip v iu Ha Khng Kh. Vi i ng chuyn nghip, giu kinh nghim, tinh thn trach nhim cao, cng h thng qun l cht lng ISO 9001, cng ty khng ngng phn u phc v tt nht cho khach hng vi cac yu cu ngy cng cao. Hng Tri xy dng c h thng phc v khach hng rng khp Vit Nam: H Ni, Nng, Nha Trang v cac vng ph cn; bo m thc hin tt cac tr gip k thut, cung cp hng ha v cac dch v sau ban hng. n nay c hng ngn khach hng tin tng v s dng dch v ca Hng Tri.

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

S t chc cng ty:

tng cng hiu qu, Cng ty Hng Tri thnh lp cac cng ty thnh vin tp trung su vo cac linh vc chuyn ngnh: Cng ty Thit B Lnh Hng Tr: Chuyn sn xut cac thit b lanh. Cng ty K Thut Cng Trinh Hng Tr: Chuyn t vn, thi cng cac cng trnh. Cng ty Nng Lng Xanh Hng Tr: Cung cp cac gii phap v sn phm tit kim nng lng. Uy tn - Cht lng Thi gian: Lun l nhng u tin hng u trong phc v khch hng ca cng ty Hng Tr. Tm nhn : Tr thnh i tac cung cp dch v c in lanh tt nht c khach hng trong nc v quc t u tin la chn vi cht lng v hiu qu cao. S mnh: em lai li ich cao nht cho khach hng v cng ng vi cac gii phap linh hoat. Phng chm hoat ng trong tng ngy ca chng ti l:

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

i vi khach hng: Lun n lc ap ng nhu cu a dang v em lai hiu qu cho khch hng. i vi i tac kinh doanh: Lun tn trng cac mi lin kt lu di trn tinh thn hiu bit, chia s ln nhau cng em lai li ich chung. i vi nhn vin: Nhn vin l ti sn qu gia ca cng ty. Cac li ich em n cho mi nhn vin chinh l ng lc phat trin ca chng ti. i vi c ng v nh u t: Tn trng quyn li ca c ng vi tiu chi cung cp thng tin kp thi, chinh xac, minh bach v ch trng em lai li nhun cho c ng trong hoat ng ca cng ty. i vi x hi: Tich cc ng gp vo s phat trin ca x hi v tham gia bo v mi trng.

2. Cac linh vc chnh : a. Lnh cng nghip :

Cng ty Hng Tri l mt n v hng u trong linh vc cung cp cc sn phm trong ngnh Lanh Cng Nghip & iu Ha Khng Khi, hon thnh nhiu cng trnh ln v qui m trn nhiu tnh thnh trong c nc. i ng can b, nhn vin cng ty lun khng ngng trau di chuyn mn, hc hi k nng ngh nghip, thai phc v tr thnh mt i tc tin cy, mt ngi ban thn thit ca qu Khch hng.

M t s d an va san ph m tiu bi u :

H Thng Kho Lnh - DHL - Bc Ninh

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Kho Lnh Ph M - B Ra - 8,000 MT

Kho Lnh - Nh Vit

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Cng Ty Aldila Composite Products

Nh My Ch Bin Thy Sn Phng Nam

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Nh My Ch Bin Hp Vit Cng

b. M & E:
Hng Tri chuyn cung cp, lp t, thit k, bo tr cc thit b iu Ha Khng Kh cht lng cao cho nh xng, siu th, nh hng, cao c vn phng.

M t s d an cng trinh tiu bi u :

Acecook Vit Nam

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Phng My Trung Tm Kho Lnh Hong Phi Qun - 20.000 MT - Tp HCM

Phng My Mycom - Nafishco - Nha Trang

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

c. Sn phm :
Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lanh Hng Tri l nh phn phi sn phm chinh thc tai Vit Nam ca cac hng: TECHNOBLOCK, BITZER, CARRIER, THERMOKEY, TECUMSEH, DIXELL, EXTRUFLEX... Bn canh , cng ty sn xut mt s thit b lanh cng nghip nh cm may nn dn ngng, chiller, IQF vi tn gi c bo h bn quyn thng hiu l CHILBLOCK. Nhng thit b ph tng nhp t nc ngoi c la chn, thit k v lp t at c cac tiu chi: cht lng, hnh dang p, gn gng, d lp t v bo tr

M t sn phm tiu bi u :

Bng chuyn siu tc IQF CHILBLOCK

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

H thng k cha hng

Thit b lnh ng b Technoblock ()

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

10

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

B.

Gii thiu s lc v n vi thc t p:

Cng ty TNHH Hong Tm c thnh lp 2/2006. Tai l II-6A, ng s 13, KCN Tn Bnh, Q.Tn ph, TP.HCM. l cng ty thnh vin ca Hng Tri.

Linh vc hoat ng : Ch to, sn xut, lp rp

o o o o o o

Thit b cp ng siu tc IQF, t ng My sn xut nc a ng My lm lanh nc Cm thit b lanh T in Ca kho lanh, ca cun cch nhit

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

11

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Chng II: Ni Dung Thc Tp

A. Tim hiu chung v h th ng la nh : 1. S nguyn l :
S nguyn l h thng lanh kho bo qun tng i a dang. C hai dang ph bin nht hay s dng l gii nhit bng gi (dn ngng) v gii nhit bng nc (bnh ngng).

1- My nn lanh; 2- Bnh ngng; 3- Dn lanh; 4- Bnh tch lng; 5- Thp gii nhit; 6- Bm gii nhit; 7- Kho lanh

2. Cc thit b chnh :
a. My Nn : L tri tim ca h thng lanh dng nn mi cht ln p sut cao Nng sut lanh ai a s cc kho lanh bo qun trong cng nghip l cng sut trung bnh, nng sut lanh nm trong khong 7,5 n 40 kW. Vi cng sut nh vy, thch hp nht l s dng my nn piston kiu na kn, trong mt s trng hp cng sut nh c th s dng my nn kiu kn. My nn s dng cho cc loai kho lanh thng s dng l cc my piston mt cp kiu h hoc na kn. Hin nay trong nhiu nh my ch bin thu sn ca Vit nam ngi ta thng s dng my nn COPELAND (M). My nn COPELAND cng sut nh v trung bnh l loai my nn pitston kiu na kn. My nn Pitston kiu na kn ca

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

12

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

COPELAND c 02 loai c in (conventional) v kiu ia (discus). May nn discus c van kiu ia lm tng nng sut n 25% v tit kim chi phi nng lng 16%.

Rto ng c; 2- Bac trc; 3- Tm hm c nh rto vo ng c; 4- Phin lc ng ht; 5- Then rto; 6- Stato; 7- Thn my; 8- Hp u in; 9- R le qua dng; 10- Van y; 11- Van ht; 12- Secmng; 13- Van 1 chiu; 14- Piston; 15- Tay bin; 16- Bm du; 17- Trc khuu; 18- Knh xem mc du; 19- Lc du; 20- Van 1 chiu ng du . My nn na kn i vi h thng kho lanh cng sut ln c th s dng my nn trc vt. My nn trc vit c u im l c bn cao v it rung ng do mi cht tun hon lin tc.

My nn trc vit MSCREW COMPRESSOR b. Thit b ngng tu : Thit b ngng t c nhim v ngng t gas qu nhit sau my nn thnh mi cht lanh trang thi lng. Qu trnh lm vic ca thit b ngng t c nh hng quyt nh n p sut v nhit ngng t v do nh hng n hiu qu v an ton lm vic ca ton h thng lanh. C rt nhiu kiu bnh ngng khac nhau c s dng lp t cho cc kho lanh. Hin nay cac bnh ngng ca ca cac hng nh Guntner (c), Friga-Bohn (Anh) v rt nhiu hng khac v ang c s dng kh ph bin nc ta. Ngoi ra nhiu cng

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

13

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

ty nc ta cng c kh nng ch tao c bnh ngng ng ng v ng thp cho cc h thng lanh frn v NH3. u im ca vic s dng bnh ngng l ch lm vic n nh, t ph thuc vo iu kin mi trng v hiu qu gii nhit cao. Dn ngng khng kh: Dn ngng khng khi cho cac mi cht lanh frn l thit b trao i nhit ng ng (hoc ng st nhng km nng) cnh nhm. Dn c 2 dang: Thi ngang v thi ng. Dn ngng c cu tao cho php c th t ngoi tri.

Dn ngng gii nhit bng gi c. Thit b bay hi : Thit b bay hi c nhim v hoa hi gas bo ho m sau tit lu ng thi lm lanh mi trng cn lm lanh. Nh vy cng vi thit b ngng t, my nn v thit b tit lu, thit b bay hi l mt trong nhng thit b quan trng nht khng th thiu c trong cc h thng lanh. Qu trnh lm vic ca thit b bay hi nh hng n thi gian v hiu qu lm lanh. l mc ich chnh ca h thng lanh. V vy, d ton b trang thit b h thng tt n u nhng thit b bay hi lm vic km hiu qu th tt c tr nn v ch. Thit b bay hi s dng cho cc kho lanh l loai dn lanh ng ng (hoc ng thp) cnh nhm, c hoc khng c in tr x bng. i vi kho lanh nn s dng loai c in tr x bng v lng tuyt bm khng nhiu, s dng in tr x bng khng lm tng m trong kho v thun li khi vn hnh.

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

14

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Dn lnh trong kho lnh 3. Thit b phu : Trong h thng lanh cc thit b chnh bao gm: my nn, thit b ngng t v thit b bay hi. Tt c cc thit b cn lai c coi l thit b ph. Nh vy s lng v cng dng ca cc thit b ph rt a dang, bao gm: bnh trung gian, bnh cha cao p, bnh cha ha p, bnh tch lng, bnh tch du, bnh hi nhit, bnh tach khi khng ngng, bnh thu hi du, bnh gi mc, cc thit b iu khin, t ng vv Cc thit b ph c th c trong h thng lanh ny, nhng c th khng c trong loai h thng khc, tu thuc vo yu cu ca h thng. Tuy c gi l cc thit b ph, nhng nh cc thit b m h thng hoat ng hiu qu, an ton v kinh t hn, trong mt s trng hp bt buc phi s dng mt thit b ph no . 4. in trong h thng lnh : a. Cc thit b thng s dung : Aptomat (MCCB) : ng ngt khng thng xuyn trong cc mach in ngi ta s dng cc aptomat. R le nhit bo v qu dng v qu nhit (OCR) : R le nhit c s dng bo v qu dng hoc qu nhit. Khi dng in qu ln hoc v mt l do g nhit cun dy m t qua cao. R le nhit ngt mach in bo v m t may nn. R le nhit c th t bn trong hoc bn ngoi may nn. Trng hp t bn ngoi r le nhm bo v qua dng thng c lp i km cng tc t. Mt s my lanh nh c b tri r le nhit bn trong ngay u my nn. Cng tc t v r le trung gian : Cc cng tc t v r le trung gian c s dng ng ngt cc mach in. R le bo v p sut v thermostat : bo v my nn khi p sut du v p sut ht thp, p sut u y qua cao ngi ta s dng cac r le ap sut du (OP), r le ap sut thp (LP) v r le ap sut cao (HP). Khi c mt trong cc s c nu trn, cac r le ap sut s ngt mach in cun dy ca cng tc t may may nn dng my.

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

15

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

b. iu khin v bo v cc thit b lnh : Bo v my nn : My nn l thit b quan trng nht trong h thng lanh, v vy n c bo v rt nghim ngt. Khi cac iu kin lm vic khng at yu cu, h thng bo v t ng ngt in dng my. C th, may nn c bo v bi cc thit b sau: Bo v p sut - p sut cao HP. - p sut du OP. - p sut thp LP Bo v qu dng v qu nhit (OCR): - Bo v qu dng. - Bo v qu nhit. Bo v khi cac iu kin gii nhit khng tt - Bo v p sut nc, lu lng nc - Bo v khi bm nc gii nhit dn ngng hoc my nn ngng hoat ng - Bo v khi quat dn ngng khng lm vic - Bo v khi quat thp gii nhit khng lm vic Bo v khi mt s thit b khc khng lm vic : Trong mt s mach in, my nn s t ng dng khi mt thit b no khng lm vic, chng han nh quat dn lanh, m t canh khuy nc mui, bm nc lanh vv.. iu khin mc dch bnh trung gian: iu khin mc dch cc bnh trung gian trong cc h thng lanh 2 cp ngi ta s dng cc van phao in t. Mc dch bnh trung gian, ni chung c c khng ch gia 02 mc: cc ai v cc tiu. - Mc cc ai : Khng ch mc cc ai nhm bo v my nn trnh ht m, gy ngp lng pha cao p. - Mc cc tiu : Nhm m bo lng dch ti thiu trong bnh tng cng trao i nhit cho ng xon. Khi mc dch trong bnh at mc cc ai van phao phia trn tac ng ngt in cun dy van in t cp dch cho bnh trung gian, khi mc dch trong bnh s khng tng. Khi mc dch ha xung mc cc tiu van phao tac ng m van in t v dch c tit lu vo bnh. iu khin mc dch bnh gia mc: i vi cc bnh gi mc ca cc dn lanh, yu cu ch bo v mc dch trn ca bnh trnh ht lng v my nn, do ch cn 01 van phao tac ng ng m van in t cp dch cho bnh v qua duy tr mc dch trong bnh gii han cho php.

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

16

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

iu khin mc dch bnh cha h p : Bnh cha ha ap c bo v bng 03 van phao. Nhim v ca cac van phao nh sau: - Van phao trn cng, bo v mc dch cc ai tranh vt qu mc cho php, my nn c th ht lng v nguy him. Khi at mc cc ai van phao tac ng ng van in t cp dch vo bnh. - Van phao gia, duy tr mc dch trung bnh, khi mc dch trong bnh gim xung mc trung bnh, van phao ng mach in van in t v cp dch vo bnh cha ha p. - Van phao di cng bo v mc dch cc tiu, y l mc dch s c, nhm bo v bm. Khi lng dch trong bnh qu thp, van phao tac ng ngt in cun dy khi ng t bm cp dch v bm cp dch s ngng hoat ng. iu khin nhit phng lnh : i vi kho lanh bo qun h thng lanh hoat ng hon ton t ng v c iu khin ng tt theo nhit phng. Qua trnh tac ng nh sau : Khi nhit phng lanh at yu cu (xung bng nhit t ca thermostat), thermostat tac ng ng van in t ngng cp dch cho dn lanh, my nn tip tc hoat ng nn p sut ht ha xung, sau mt thi gian khi p sut ht xung thp r le ap sut thp tac ng dng my. Khi nhit phng nng ln cao, thermostat tac ng m van in t cp dch cho dn lanh, p sut ht tng ln v r ap sut thp ng mach khi ng lai my nn. V mt nguyn tc, thermostat c th trc tip tac ng mach iu khin ng may nn. Tuy nhin m bo an ton khi dng my phi ht kit gas khi dn lanh nn ngi ta mi cho hoat ng nh nu trn. c. Cc mch in chnh : Mch ng lc ca cac may nn, bm v qut :

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

17

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

i vi ng c may nn qua trnh khi ng din ra nh sau : Khi nhn nt START trn mach iu khin, nu khng c bt c s c no th cun dy khi ng t (MC) c in v ng tip im thng m MC trn mach ng lc. Trong khong 5 giy u tin (t r le thi gian), cun dy khi ng t (MS) c in v tip im thng m MS ca n trn mach ng lc ng. Lc may chay theo s sao, dng khi ng gim ang k. Sau thi gian t, r le thi gian tac ng ngt in cun (MS) v ng in cho cun (MD), tng ng cc tip im trn mach ng lc, MD ng v MS m. My chuyn t s ni sao sang s tam giac. i vi cc thit b c cng sut nh nh bm, quat dng khi ng nh nn khng cn khi ng theo s sao tam giac nh may nn. Mch gim ti : Mach gim ti trong s ch ra trn hnh bn di c s dng gim ti trong cac trng hp sau: a) Khi mi khi ng ang chay theo s sao Y, do dng khi ng rt ln nn bt buc gim ti. b) Khi vn hnh do ph ti ln, ngi vn hnh mun gim ti bng tay. c) Lc chay bnh thng (ch tam giac ) nhng ap sut ht qu thp, h thng hoat ng khng hiu qa nn my chuyn sang ch gim ti. Khi gim ti, cun dy van in t (SV) c in v m thng ng du tac ng ln c cu gim ti ca may nn gim ti. Cng tc xoay COS trn s iu khin cho php la chn ch gim ti bng tay MANUAL (ngay lp tc), ch gim ti t ng AUTO hoc ngt mach gim ti OFF. S mach in trn hnh bn di cho thy trong qu trnh khi ng khi ang chay theo s sao Y th my nn lun lun gim ti v lc ny cun dy khi ng t (MS) ang c in, tip im thng m ca n trn mach gim ti ng v cun (SV) c in. Khi ch t ng AUTO, ch khi p sut ht nh hn gi tr t trc th s gim ti. Ngoi ra thi im bt k no cng c th gim ti may nn c khi xoay cng tc COS sang v tr MANUAL. Khi may nn ang ch gim ti, n (L3) s sng bo hiu h thng ang chay ch gim ti.

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

18

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Mch iu khin v bo v bm, qut gii nhit :

* iu khin chy cc bm v qut : chay cac bm v quat gii nhit c th thc hin theo hai ch : - Ch bng tay : Bt cng tc COS sang v tr MAN , nu khng c s c p sut nc v s c qu dng ca cac bm quat (tip im WPX v OCR ng) cac cun dy khi ng t ca cac bm, quat c in v ng in cho m t cac bm, quat. - Ch t ng : Bt cng tc COS sang v tr AUT. ch t ng bm quat s khi ng cng vi my nn. Sau khi nhn nt START trn mach khi ng nu khng c bt c s c no th cun (AX) c in, ng thi ng tip im AX cp in cho cc cun dy ca cc khi ng t (MCP1), (MCP2), (MCCF1) v (MCCF2) ca bm, quat gii nhit v bm, quat hoat ng.

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

19

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Khi mt trong cc thit b bm gii nhit may nn, bm v quat gii nhit dn ngng khng lm vic th cun (MCX) mt in, mach khi ng my nn mt in v ngng my nn. * Bo v qu dng bm, qut gii nhit :Khi mt trong 4 thit b gm bm gii nhit may nn, bm gii nhit v cc quat gii nhit dn ngng b qua dng, r le nhit nhy khi v tri thng ng v ng mach in cun dy r le trung gian (AUX) v n (L5) sang bao s c. Cun dy s c (AUX) ng mach chung bo hiu s c (hnh 10- ), ng thi cun dy ca r le trung gian (MCX) mt in. Tip im thng m ca n trn mach khi ng nh ra, cun (AX) mt in v my dng ngay lp tc. Mch x bng ba giai on : Khi bng bam nhiu trn dn lanh, hiu qu trao i nhit gim, m t quat c th b qu ti v chy. Vy th lc no cn x bng cho dn lanh ? Trong qu trnh lm vic, vic phi vo trong cc bung lanh l bt c di v cn han ch, mt khc bn trong bung lanh khi ang hoat ng cng rt kh quan st, kim tra mc bam bng. Hn na nhiu dn lanh c v bao che kha kin bn ngoi nn cng rt kh xc nh mc bam bng. V vy, xac nh mc bam bng dn lanh gin tip thng qua dng in m t quat. Khi bng bam nhiu, ng gi tun hon trong dn lanh b thu hp, tr lc tng ln v dng in m t tng theo. i vi ngi vn hnh c kinh nhim, khi dng in m t tng n mt gi tr no so vi dng chay bnh thng th bit cn phi tin hnh x bng. Mt s h thng lanh do MYCOM lp t tai Vit Nam ngi ta anh du v tr cn x bng trn ampek ca quat dn lanh.Qu trnh x bng thc hin qua 3 giai oan v hoat ng hon ton t ng. Thi gian thc hin mt giai oan c t sn thng qua r le thi gian TD1, TD2 v TD3. Qu trnh lm vic thc t c th iu chnh lai thi gian cho ph hp. Tin hnh x bng nh sau: - Nhn nt START bt u qu trnh x bng. - Khi cn dng x bng nhn nt STOP1 Sau khi nhn nt START qu trnh x bng thc hin theo cac giai oan sau :

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

20

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

- Giai oan 1: Rt dch khi dn lanh Thc hin trong khong 5 pht, thi gian ny c khng ch bng r le thi gian (TD1). Sau khi nhn nt START trn mach x bng, cun dy r le trung gian (XD1) c in, tip im thng m XD1 ca n ng, r le trung gian t duy tr in cho n v r le thi gian TD1 c in. R le thi gian TD1 bt u m thi gian. Trong lc ny tip im thng ng XD1 ca n trn mach cp dch dn lanh nh ra, van in t (SV) mt in v ngng cp dch cho dn lanh, h thng lanh vn chay nn ht dch ra khi dn lanh. Nu trong thi gian 5 pht m vn cha ht kit gas trong dn lanh (Ph = 50CmHg) th phi tng thi gian t (TD1). - Giai oan 2: Giai oan x bng Sau thi gian nh (5 pht), r le thi gian TD1 iu khin ng tip im TD1 ni ni tip vi r le trung gian (XD2). R le trung gian (XD2) v r le thi gian (TD2) c in. R le thi gian TD2 bt u m thi gian. Trong thi gian ny, tip im thng m ca XD2 trn mach bm x bng ng, bm x bng hoat ng v thc hin bm nc x bng. Trong lc x bng r le trung gian XD2 iu khin dng cc quat dn lanh nc khng bn tung to trong bung lanh, ng thi ngt in vo r le thi gian TD1. R le trung gian (XD2) cng t duy tr in thng qua tip im thng m ca n trn mach x bng. - Giai oan 3: Giai oan lm kh dn lanh Sau thi gian x bng (15 pht), r le thi gian (TD2) iu khin ng tip im TD2 trn mach lm lm kh dn lanh, cun (XD3) v r le thi gian TD3 c in. R le thi gian TD3 bt u m thi gian lm kh dn lanh.

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

21

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Trong giai oan ny bm x bng ngng chay v cc quat dn lanh lm vic. Mt im cn lu l trong sut thi gian x bng, cun (XD1) lun lun c in. Sau thi gian lm kh r le thi gian (TD3) ngt in cun (XD1) thng qua tip im thng ng TD3 v cun dy r le trung gian (XD3) mt in theo. Qu trnh x bng kt thc. Ghi ch: - Trong qu trnh vn hnh x bng, nu pht hin sau mt thi gian ngn hn qui nh bng dn lanh c x tan ht, lc c th dng x bng gim tn tht nhit, khng cn duy tr ng thi gian qui nh, nh nt STOP2 c th chuyn ngay sang giai oan 3. - C th ngng hon ton qu trnh x bng bt c lc no thng qua nt nhn STOP1 - Cc tip im XD2 v XD3 ni ni tip vi r le thi gian (TD1) nhm ngt in vo n khi ang giai oan 2 v 3. - Tip im thng ng XD3 ni ni tip vi cun dy r le trung gian (XD2) c tc dng ngt in cun khi chuyn sang giai oan 3. - Tip im XD1 trn mach lm ro dng ngt in cho cun (XD3) v r le thi gian TD3 khi kt thc x bng.

Mch chung bao ng s c :

Khi x ra cc s c p sut hoc qu dng mach in ca chung BZ c in v chung reo bo s c. Khi , ngi vn hnh phi nht nt BELL STOP ngng

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

22

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

ting chung. Lc cun dy ca r le trung gian (BZX) c in v tip im thng ng ca n nh ra, ngt in ca chung (BZ) Sau khi khc phc cc s c xong, nhn nt RESET, in i qua cun dy ca r le trung gian (RES), tt c cc tip im thng ng RES ca n trn cc mach s c s nh ra, lm mt in mach bo s c v h thng c th bt u khi ng.

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

23

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

B. c bn v v thi cng t in :
Do thi gian thc tp ngn, cng vic ca my anh trong t rt bn cng nh qui nh ca cng ty nn chng em khng c tm su vo d n Tin Phong. Nhm chng em c cp bn v nghin cu v thc hin u t di s hng dn ca cc anh trong t in. Qua qu trnh thc tp em c kt c cc kinh nghim sau: 1. Cac bc thi cng 1 t in : a. c bn v b. Chn kich thc t, hnh dung cch b tr cc thit b c. Ngn cc thit b ph : ry nhm, np nha. d. Ngn cc thit b chnh : cc thit b c trong bn v e. u mach iu khin (thit b Schneider ) f. u mach ng lc g. Kim tra mi bc i hi c nhng k nng cng nh kinh nghim thc tin cng vic c tin hnh nhanh v m bo yu cu k thut v m thut: B tr thit b : b tr thit b theo tng cm chc nng, theo nguyn tc t trn xung, t tri sang phi. Cch bm u code : chn code ph hp vi thit b, kich thc dy v qui nh k thut. Bm 1 ln v chc chn, ty tng loai code m c th eo ao trc khi bm hoc sau khi bm. Cch i dy : u mach ng lc trc ( thit b Schneider ) v i dy sat sau ny i dy iu khin d dng. Nn o dy trc ct trnh tha dy, thiu dy. i vi cac oan dy ging nhau nh cu 0, 1 ta c th o 1 ln ri ct dy hng loat cac dy c ng nht bo m tnh thm m. Trnh t u : nn u theo tng cm, u cm no phi ht cm trnh b st, u s no phi u ht s . 2. Nghin cu bn v cng trnh Tin Phong JSC :

a. Mch ng lc
Gm 1 cum my: + My nn: CM MY NN BITZER; MODEL: 4G 20.2; 20HP 3Ph/380V/50Hz; Y-YY. ng c ra 6 u dy, khi ng tng cun dy trnh xon trc. iu khin bng 2 contactor: LC1D25M7 25A + Dn lanh: DN LNH GUNTNER; MODEL: S-GHN 050-2H/210ENS50.E; 2QUT x 630W(1.43A); 3Ph/380V/50Hz. ng c ra 3 u dy iu khin bng contactor: LC1D09M7-9A +Dn nng: QUT DN NGNG-2 QUT x 750W (2x1.6A)-Ph/380V/50Hz ng c ra 3 u dy

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

24

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

iu khin bng contactor LC1D18M7-9A + X a dn lanh: 11.25KW & si ng iu khin bng contactor LC1D25M7-25A + Thit b bo v mach ng lc: EZC100F3060-60A v EZC100H2015-15A

b. Mch iu khin

Chc nng ca cac thit b: TSM1: l timer cp dch OP: bo v ap sut cao SEV selenol cp dch SVX relay cp dch EFX-1 contactor quat dn lanh XR 06CX: Chc nng: iu khin may nn, x a, iu khin quat. Sn phm nhp khu t Italy.

Ngun cung cp: 110, 230Vac Ng vo u d iu khin: NTC ..u d x a: NTC Ng vo s Cnh bao, kich hoat x a, AUX, . cng tc ca, cng tc ap sut: ngi . s dng ci t Ng ra My nn: 8A, 16A, 20A (ty chn) X a: 8A . Quat: 8A, 5A

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

25

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

3. Bn v thc t

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

26

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

4. Mt s hnh nh trong qu trnh thc tp :

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

27

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

T hon chnh :

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

28

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

29

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

5 . Tm hiu 1 s thit b iu khin chuyn dung :

DIXELL XR775C
XR775C, dang 3274mm, l mt b vi iu khin, c ng dng iu khin cc h thng lanh nhit thng v nhit m su. N c 4 tip im ng ra iu khin my nn, x a bng in tr hoc gas nng quat dn lanh v n. N c 3 u d NTC ng vo, mt dng iu khin nhit , mt iu khin nhit kt thc x a v mt cho hin th. C hai ng vo s (khng in p) cho cng tc ca v c th nh cu hnh bng cc thng s. Cc thit b XR700 c ng h thi gian thc bn trong nn c th ghi lai cc cnh bo khi n xy ra v c th lp trnh tm chu trnh x a trong ngy. Chc nng ngy v m vi hai im t khc nhau tit kim nng lng. 1. CC CHC NNG HACCP a. CHC NNG QUN L CNH BO Cnh bo nhit cao. Cnh bo nhit thp. Cnh bo ng vo s. Cnh bao cp in. b. KHI XUT HIN CNH BO NHIT CC THNG TIN SAU S C GHI Ngy gi bt u. Ngy gi kt thc. Gi tr nhit cao v thp trong qu trnh cnh bo. Ngy gi xy ra cnh bo nhit cao. c. THNG TIN C GHI KHI CNH BO NG VO S Ngy gi bt u. Ngy gi kt thc. d. CNH BO CP IN Ch khi no ng h thi gian thc hoat ng ng th cnh bo cp in mi c bo hiu. Tai ln cung cp ngun cho thit b tip theo, cnh bao cp in ch c bo hiu khi nhit cao hn gia tr cnh bo nhit cao. Trong trng hp ny cc thng tin sau s c ghi: Ngy gi cp in. Ngy gi c in. Ngy gi cnh bo nhit cao.

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

30

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

2. GIAO DIN :

Giao din c chia thnh 3 phn: Phn phn trn bn tri: hin th nhit . Phn phia di bn tri: hin th thi gian. Phn bn phi: khu vc cc biu tng.

3. IU KHIN TI a. MY NN

Vic iu khin c thc hin theo nhit o c bi u d nhit phng vi lch dng so vi nhit t: nu nhit phng tng v vt ngng gi tr nhit t cng vi chnh lch th my nn s khi ng, my nn ch ngng khi nhit tr v gi tr t. Trong trng hp li u d nhit phng, my nn s chay v tt theo gi tr ca thng s COn v COF.

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

31

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

b. X A Hai kiu x a c chn qua thng s tdF: TdF = rE x a bng in tr. TdF = in x a bng gas nng. Thi gian gia cc ln x a c iu khin bi thng s EdF: - rtc: thi im bt u x a trong ngy lm vic c ci trong thng s Ld1 Ld8 v trong ngy ngh l cc thng s Sd1 Sd8. - In: qu trnh x a c thc hin sau mi khong thi gian IdF. - Sd: IdF c tnh theo thut ton x a thng minh (ch tnh khi my nn chay). Khi kt thc x a, thi gian x nc c iu khin qua thng s Fdt. c.IU KHIN QUT DN LNH (CH C XR775C): Ch iu khin quat dn lanh c chn qua thng s FnC: FnC = C-n quat tt v chay theo my nn v khng chay khi x a. FnC = O-n quat chay lin tc v khng chay khi x a. Sau khi x a, thi gian tr hon quat c ci t trong thng s Fnd. FnC = C-y quat tt v chay theo my nn v chay khi x a. FnC = O-y quat chay lin tc v chay khi x a. Thng s FSt cho php ci gi tr nhit m khi nhit dn lanh cao hn gia tr ny th quat dn lanh s ngng. iu ny nhm tranh trng hp quat chay khi nhit trong dn qu cao. 4. S KT NI IN :

Ngun cung cp 24Vac/dc: kt ni n 22-23; ng RS485 c th chn la

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

32

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Ngun cung cp 24Vac/dc: kt ni n 22-23; ng RS485 c th chn la.

Vi i u khi n EKC 331 DANFOSS i u khi n cng su t qua t dan ngng b ng tin hi u ap sut:

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

33

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

ID 975 LX (DIXELL XR370C ELIWELL ) i u khi n nhi t cac dan la nh

IC 901 (DIXELL XT10C ELIWELL) i u khi n b lam la nh nc HKK

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

34

BAO CAO TTTN

GVHD: NGUYN VN TI

Chng III: NHT KY THC TP

Tun 1 : T 1/8 7/8 Ngy 1/8 2/8 3/8 4/8 5/8 6/8 Cng vic Tham quan xng Lm quen vi cc thit b thi cng t in, hc cch bm code, eo ao, i dy c bn v v i mach ng lc t in cng trnh Phn Nam Hong thnh phn ng lc v mt phn mach iu khin Ph cc anh hon thnh mt s t trc v chun b mt s t in thng mai mi Ngh (cng ty i du lich )
Ngi hng dn

A.Linh T in A.Thnh A. Thnh T in

Tun 2 : T 8/8 14/8 Ngy 8/8 9/8 10/8 11/8 12/8 13/8 Cng vic Ngh (cng ty i du lich ) c bn v v thi cng t cng trnh Tin Phong c bn v v thi cng t cng trnh Tin Phong c bn v v thi cng t cng trnh Tin Phong Hon thnh t in cng trnh Tin Phong Ngh
Ngi hng dn

T in T in T in T in T in

Cng ty C Phn Cng Nghip Lnh Hng Tr

35