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Chng I: IN LI

Cu 1: Pht biu nh lut axit, baz ca Bronsted ? Vn dng cho bit 2 + 2 2 + + 3+ a) Trong cc ion sau: CO3 ;CH3COO ; HSO4 ; HCO3 ;Cl ; Na ; HS ;SO4 ;S ; NH4 ; K ; Al l axit, baz, lng tnh hay trung tnh. Chng minh ? b) Cho qu tm vo cc dung dch sau: NH4Cl; CH3COOK; Na2CO3; KCl; AlCl3; Na2S; NaHSO4 qu tm s chuyn sang mu g v d on pH s ln hn, nh hn hay bng 7 ? Cu 2: Ha tan 80g CuSO4 vo 1 lng nc va c 0,5 lt dd. 2+ 2 2 a) Tnh nng mol/l ca cc ion Cu2+ v SO4 (s: Cu = SO 4 = 1M) b) Tnh th tch dd KOH 0,5M lm kt ta ht ion Cu2+
2 c) Tnh th tch dd BaCl2 0,25M lm kt ta ht ion SO4 Cu 3: Phn bit cc dd ha cht ng trong cc bnh mt nhn: a) Dng thuc th ty - KCl, Na2SO4, NaNO3, Na2CO3, NH4Cl - (NH4)2S, (MH4)2SO4, Na2SO4, Na2S b) Ch dng qu tm v cc cht cn phn bit th: - HCl, Na2SO4, NaCl, Na2CO3, Ba(OH)2, FeCl3 - Na2S, Na2SO4, Na2CO3, NH4Cl, BaCl2 - BaCl2, NaOH, (NH4)2SO4, KHSO4, NaHCO3 c) Ch c dng 1 thuc th duy nht: - (NH4)2SO4, NaNO3, NH4Cl, Na2CO3 - NH4Cl, FeCl2, FeCl3, AlCl3, MgCl2 d) Khng dng thuc th no khc ( k c qu tm ) - BaCl2, AlNH4(SO4)2, NaOH, Ca(HCO3)2 - Al(NO3)3, ( NH4 )2SO4, Ba(NO3)2, KOH Cu 4: a) Trn ln 500 ml dd NaOH 5M vi 200ml dd NaOH 30%(d= 1,33g/ml). Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch thu c ? (s: [ NaOH ] = 6, 428M ) b) Trn 50ml dd HCl 0,12M vi 50ml dd NaOH 0,1M. Tnh pH ca dd thu c. (s: pH = 2) c) Cho dd NaOH c pH = 12 cn pha long vi H2O bao nhiu ln thu c dung dch NaOH c pH = 11 ? (s: pha long 10 ln) d) Phi ly dung dch HCl c pH = 5 cho vo dd KOH c pH = 9 theo t l th tch nh th no c dung dch c pH = 8 ? (s: V2 / V1 = 1/10 ) e) Tnh th tch dung dch HCl c pH = 5 v th tch dd KOH c pH = 9 cn ly pha thnh 10(l) dung dch c pH = 8 ? ( s: VHCl = 4,5(l); VKOH =,5(l) ) f) C 2(l) dung dch H2SO4 pH = 3, thm vo mt lng nc c 10(l) dung dch H2SO4. Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c ? (s: pH = 3,7 ) Bis 4: a) Cho 100ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,009M vi 400ml dung dch H2SO4 0,002M. Tnh nng mol/l 4 cc ion v pH dung dch thu c sau phn ng ? (s: OH = 2.10 M; pH = 10, 6 ) b) Cho 50ml dung dch HCl 0,12M vo 50 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M. Tm pH sau p ? (s: pH = 2) c) Cho 40ml dung dch HCl 0,75M vo 160 ml dung dch cha ng thi Ba(OH)2 0,08M v KOH 0,04M. Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c ? (s: pH = 12) Cu 5: Trn ln dd HCl 0,2M v dd H2SO4 0,1M c dung dch A. trung ha 100ml dd A thu c cn bao nhiu ml dd Ba(OH)2 0,02M ? (s: 1000 ml) Cu 6: Cho 3,9g Zn vo 0,5 lt dd HCl pH = 2. a) Tnh th tch H2 thu c k (27oC v 2 atm) (s: 0,03 (l) ) b) Cho tip m gam NaOH vo dd sau phn ng. tnh lng kt ta cc i to thnh v tnh m(g)? bit rng NaOH phn ng va to kt ta ln nht. (s: max = 0,2475g; m = 0,2g) Cu 7: Tnh pH ca cc dd sau: a) 100 ml dd NaOH 0,2M tc dng vi 200ml dd (NH4)2SO4 0,035M. (s: pH = 1,7)

(s: VKOH = 2 ( l ) ) (s: VBaCl2 = 2(l) )

b) 40 ml dd HCl 0,75M vo 160 ml dd cha ng thi Ba(OH)2 0,08M v KOH 0,04M. (s: 12) c) Ho 200ml dung dch H2SO4 c pH = 1 vo 300 ml dung dch H2SO4 c pH =4 th thu c dung dch c pH bng bao nhiu ? (s: pH = 2,8 ) Cu 8: Tnh a) Hng s Kb v pH ca dung dch NH3 1M c = 0,43%. (s: Kb=1,85.10-5; pH = 11,64) b) Hng s in li ca CH3COOH, bit rng dd CH3COOH 0,1M c = 1,32 %. (s: K=1,76.10-5 ) c) Tnh nng H+ v CH3COO- trong dd CH3COOH 0,1M v in li = 1,3 %. (s: 1,3.10-3) d) Tnh pH ca dung dch gm NH4Cl 0,2M v NH3 0,1M bit rng hng s in li ca NH4+ l K NH + = 5.105 ? (s: pH = 4) 4 e) Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch thu c khi trn ln 500ml dung dch NaOH 5M vi 200ml dung dch NaOH 30%(d=1,33g/ml). (s: [ NaOH ] = 6, 428M) f) in li ca axt HCOOH nu 1(l) dd 0,46%(d=1g/ml) ca axit c pH =3? (s: = 1% ) 5 Cu 9: a) Tnh pH ca dung dch CH3COONa 0,1M. Bit K CH3COOH = 1,8.10 . (s: pH =8,88)
5 b) Tnh pH ca dung dch gm NH4Cl 0,2M v NH3 0,1M, bit K NH + = 5.10 . (s: pH = 4) 4 -4 c) Tnh pH ca dung dch gm HF 0,1M v NaF 0,1M. Bit Ka = 6,8.10 . (s: pH = 3,17) Cu 10: Trn 100ml dung dch (gm Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1 M) vi 400ml dung dch(gm H2SO4 0,0375M v HCl 0,0125M) thu c dung dch Y.Gi tr pH ca dung dch Y l? (s: pH = 1) + 2 Cu 11: Cho dd Ba(OH)2 d vo 500ml dd A c cha cc ion NH 4 , SO4 , NO3 c 11,65g mt kt ta to thnh v khi un nng c 4,48 lt kh ( ktc ). Vit ptpt v pt ion ca cc phn ng xy ra. Tnh nng mol + 2 ca mi mui trong dd A. (s: NH 4 = 0, 4M; SO4 = 0,1M; NO3 = 0, 2M)

Cu 12: Cho 200ml dung dch A cha HCl 1M v H2SO4 0,2M trung ho vi dung dch B cha NaOH 2M v Ba(OH)2 1M. Xc nh th tch ca dung dch B? (s: VB = 0, 07(l) = 700ml ) Cu 13: Trn 250ml dung dch hn hp gm HCl 0,08M v H2SO4 0,01M vi 250ml dung dch NaOH a(M), sau phn ng thu c 500ml dung dch c pH = 12. Tnh a ? ( s: a = 0,12M) Cu 14: Trn 250ml dd hn hp gm HCl 0,08M v H2SO4 0,01M vi 250ml dd Ba(OH)2 a(M), sau phn ng thu c m(g) kt ta v 500ml dung dch c pH = 12. Tnh m v a ? (s: m = 0,5828(g); a = 0,06M) Cu 15: + a) Thm t t 100g dd H2SO4 98% vo nc v iu chnh c 1(l) dd A.Tnh H = ? b) Phi thm vo 1(l) dung dch A trn bao nhiu lt dung dch NaOH 1,8M thu c : - Dung dch c pH = 1 + - Dung dch c pH = 13 (s: a) H = 2M; b)1(l)v 1,24(l) ) Cu 16: a) So snh pH ca cc dung dch c cng nng mol/l ca: NH3, NaOH v Ba(OH)2 .Gii thch ? b) Cho 2 dung dch H2SO4 c pH =1 v pH = 2. Thm 100ml dung dch KOH vo 100ml mi dung dch trn. Tnh nng mol/l ca cc dung dch thu c (s: a) pH gim dn theo th t :Ba(OH)2, NaOH v NH3 b) [ K 2SO4 ] = 0, 025M; v [ K2 SO4 ] = 0, 0025M; [ KOH ] d = 0, 045M ) Cu 17: Trn 3 dd H2SO4 0,1M, HNO3 0,2M v HCl 0,3M vi nhng th tch bng nhau thu c dd A. Ly 300ml dd A cho tc dng vi mt lng dd B gm NaOH 0,2M v KOH 0,29M. Tnh th tch dd B cn dng khi tc dng vi 300ml dd A thu c dung dch c pH =2 ? (s: VB = 0,134(l) ) Cu 18: Cho 500ml dd AgNO3 1M(d=1,2g/ml) vo 300 ml dd HCl 2M(d=1,5g/ml) thu c dd A. Ga thit cht rn chim th tch khng ng k a) Tnh CM ca dd A? (s: [ HNO3 ] = 0, 625M; [ HCl ] = 0,125M ) b) Tnh C% ca dd A ? (s: C% HNO3 = 3, 22%v C%HCl = 0,373% ) Cu 19: Cho mg hn hp Mg, Al vo 250ml dung dch X cha hn hp axit HCl 1M v axit H2SO4 0,5M

thu c 5,32 lt H2(kc) v dung dch Y ( coi th tch dung dch khng i ) .Dd Y c pH bng bao nhiu? (s: pH=1) 2 + 3+ SO 4 , NH 4 , Cl . Chia dung dch X thnh hai phn bng nhau: Cu 20: Dung dch X cha cc ion: Fe , - Phn mt tc dng vi lng d dung dch NaOH, un nng thu c 0,672 lt kh ( ktc) v 1,07 gam kt ta; - Phn hai tc dng vi lng d dung dch BaCl2 , thu c 4,66 gam kt ta. Tng khi lng cc mui khan thu c khi c cn dung dch X l (qu trnh c cn ch c nc bay hi). Cu 21: C th tn ti cc dung dch cha ng thi tng nhm cc ion sau y hay khng ? Hy gii thch.
a) HCO3 , Na + , Ba 2 + , H + b) HCO3 , K + , Ca 2 + , OH

c) Zn 2 + , S2 , Na + , Cl d) Fe3+ , Cl , Na + , HS Cu 22: Vit phng trnh in li ca ca cc cht sau: a) Cc axit yu : H2S , H2CO3 , H2SO3 b) Cc axit mnh : HNO3 , H2SO4 c) Cc baz mnh : LiOH , NaOH , Ba(OH)2 d) Cc mui : Na2CO3 , KClO , NaHSO4 , Na2HPO4 , [Ag(NH3)2]2SO4 , KMnO4 , K2Cr2O7 , NH4Cl . e) Cc hidroxit lng tnh Sn(OH)2 , Al(OH)3 , Zn(OH)2 . Cu 23: Vit phng trnh phn t v ion rt gn ca cc phn ng sau (nu c) xy ra trong dung dch gia cc cp cht sau : a) Fe2(SO4)3 + NaOH d)NH4Cl + AgNO3 b) NaF + HCl e) MgCl2 + KNO3 c) FeS + HCl f) HClO + KOH Bis 23: Vit phng trnh ion rt gn ca cc phn ng sau (nu c) xy ra trong dung dch : a) CuSO4 + NaOH d) NaHSO3 + NaOH b) KNO3 + NaCl e) Na2HPO4 + HCl c) Cu(OH)2 (r) + HCl f*) Cu(OH)2 (r) + NH3 [Cu(NH3)4] 2+ g) MgSO4 + NaNO3 h) Zn(OH)2 + NaOH i) Pb(NO3)2 + H2S j) Na2SO3 + HCl Cu 24: Vit phng trnh phn t ca cc phn ng c phng trnh ion rt gn sau y: a) Pb2+ + SO42- PbSO4 b) Mg2+ + 2OH- Mg(OH)2 c) S2- + 2H+ H2S d) 2H+ + CO32- H2O + CO2 + 2+ e) CaCO3 +2H Ca + CO2 + H2O Cu 25: Hon thnh cc phng trnh ion rt gn di y v vit phng trnh phn t ca phn ng tng ng: a) Al3+ + .. Al(OH)3 b) Pb2+ + .. PbS c) Ag+ + .. AgCl d) Ca2+ + .. Ca3(PO4)2 e) Cr3+ + ...... Cr(OH)3 Cu 26: C hin tng g xy ra khi nhng qu tm vo cc dung dch sau y. Gii thch v vit phng trnh phn ng minh ha di dng ion thu gn: CaCl2 , K2CO3, Na2S, FeCl3, Al2(SO4)3, CH3COONa, NaAlO2, NH4Cl Cu 27: * Hy cho bit cc phn t v ion sau l axit, baz ,trung tnh hay lng tnh theo Bronstet : HI, CH3COO- , Cl- , H2PO4- , CO32- , HCO3- , HSO4- , PO43- , Na+ , NH3 , S2- , HPO42-. Ti sao ? Gii thch. Cu 28: C hin tng g xy ra khi nhng giy qu tm vo cc dung dch sau y. Hy gii thch trn c s ion : CH3COONa , K2CO3 , NaCl , Na2S , NH4Cl , FeCl3 , Al2(SO4)3 , Na2CO3 , Ba(NO3)2 . Cu 29: Vit phng trnh phn ng chng t Be(OH)2 l mt hidroxit lng tnh. - Chia 8,6g Be(OH)2 lm thnh 2 phn bng nhau, tnh khi lng mui to thnh khi cho: a) Phn 1 vo 120 cm3 dung dch H2SO4 1M. b) Phn 2 vo 120 cm3 dung dch NaOH 1M. Cu 30: Cho rng s trn ln cc dung dch khng lm thay i ng k th tch dung dch.

Trn 1,5 lt dung dch NaOH 2M vi 0,5 lt dung dch NaOH 1M. Tnh nng mol /lt ca dung dch thu c. Phi trn dung dch H2SO4 1M v H2SO43M theo t l no v th tch c dung dch H2SO4 1,5M Cn trn bao nhiu lt dung dch HCl 2M vo bao nhiu lt dung dch HCl 1M c 5 lt dung dch HCl 1,2M. Cu 31: * Tnh nng mol/lt ca dung dch H2SO4 v dung dch NaOH. Bit rng: 30ml dung dch H2SO4 c trung ha ht bi 20ml dung dch NaOH v 10 ml dung dch KOH 2M. 30ml dung dch NaOH c trung ha ht bi 20ml dung dch H2SO4 v 5ml dung dch HCl 1M. Cu 32: Cho dung dch NaOH d vo 100ml dung dch AlCl 3 v FeCl3, lc kt ta ri nung nhit cao thu c 2 g cht rn . Mt khc, 400ml dung dch AgNO 3 0,2M tc dng va vi 50ml dung dch 2 mui trn. Tnh nng mol ca AlCl3 v FeCl3. Cu 33: Ha tan 3,94g Bari cacbonat bng 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,5M. Cn dng bao nhiu ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M trung ha axit d. S mol OH cn dng l bao nhiu. Bit rng ch c 85% s phn t phn ly thnh ion OH Cu 34: Ha tan hon ton 0,12g Mg trong 100,0ml dung dch HCl 0,20M. Tnh pH da dung dch sau khi phn ng kt thc( th tch dung dch bin i khng ng k). Cu 35: C 6 dung dch ng trong 6 l mt nhn : Mg(NO3)2, Zn(NO3)2, Pb(NO3)2, AlCl3 , KOH v NaCl. Ch dng thm dung dch AgNO3 v mt thuc th na , hy trnh by cch nhn bit tng dung dch. Vit cc phng trnh ha hc di dng phn t v ion rt gn ca cc phn ng nhn bit Cu 36: Cho 40ml dung dch HCl 0,75M vo 160 ml dung dch cha ng thi Ba(OH) 2 0,08M v KOH 0,04M . Tnh pH ca dung dch thu c ? Cu 37:* Trn 300ml dung dch cha NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 0,025M vi 200ml dung dch H2SO4 c nng x M thu c m gam kt ta v 500ml dung dch c pH = 2 . Hy tnh m v x ? (Coi H 2SO4 phn li hon ton c 2 nc). Cu 38:* Khi cho Fe tc dng vi 250 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M thu c dung dch c pH = 2 v c kh thot ra.Tnh khi lng Fe tham gia phn ng v th tch kh thot ra ( 27oC v 750 mmHg ). Cu 39: Dung dch Ba(OH)2 c pH = 13, dung dch HNO3 c pH = 1. a) Phi trn chng theo t l th tch l bao nhiu thu c dung dch trung tnh. b) Khi trn 2,75 lt dung dch Ba(OH)2 vi 2,25 lt dung dch HNO3. Tnh nng mol ca dung dch thu c. Cu 40: a) Tnh nng mol/lt ca dung dch Na2CO3. Bit rng 100ml dung dch tc dng ht vi 50ml dung dch HCl 2M. b) Trn ln 50ml dung dch Na2CO3 ni trn vi 50ml dung dch CaCl2 1M. Tnh nng mol/lt ca cc ion v cc mui trong dung dch thu c Cu 41: Cho 150ml dung dch NaHCO3 0,2M vo 250ml dung dch HCl 0,2M ta c kh A v dung dch B. a) Tnh th tch kh A (ktc). b) Tnh nng mol/lt ca cc cht v cc ion trong dung dch B. c) Tnh nng mol/lt ca dung dch Ba(OH)2, bit 50ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 trung ha bi 25ml dung dch B. Cu 42*. Trn 250ml dung dch hn hp HCl 0,08M v H2SO4 0,01M vi 250ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 c nng xM thu c mg kt ta v 500ml dung dch c pH = 12. Hy tnh m v x ? (Coi Ba(OH) 2 in li hon ton c hai nc) Cu 43*. Trn 300ml dung dch c cha NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 0,025M vi 200ml dung dch H2SO4 nng xM thu c mg kt ta v 500ml dung dch c pH = 2. Hy tnh m v x ? (Coi H 2SO4 in li hon ton c hai nc)

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