Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

AMH T-VT 1

Chng 3: THIT K MCH MICROPHONE PHT FM

thit k mt mch microphone hon chnh th trc ht ta xt s khi tng th ca microphone nh sau.
3.1.S khi : antena
Power source

microphone
Amplifier Frequency Modulation BFP RF Amplifier

Hnh 3.1. S khi microphone khng dy dng pht FM

Hnh 3.1 trnh by s khi ca mch microphone khng dy dng pht FM,trong tn hiu m thanh qua micro c chuyn thnh tn hiu in c khuch i ln v qua b iu ch tn s a tn hiu ln tn s cao.Tn hiu tn s cao ny qua b lc thng di lc ly bng thng cn thit,tn khuch i cng sut cao tn va khuch i cng sut va phi hp tr khng vi Anten truyn cng sut cc i cho anten bc x sng in t vo khng gian. Cc tiu chun iu ch FM : +Tn s sng mang : 100MHZ + di tn : 1MHZ Chc nng chnh ca cc khi : *Khi ngun (power source) : cung cp ngun cho c mch (trong mch ny ch yu l phn cc cho cc phn t khuch i.) *Khi khuch i m tn (amplifier) : khuch i tn hiu nhn c t microphone t c bin ln trc khi i tn. *Khi iu ch tn s (frequency modulation - FM) : a tn hiu ln tn s cao cn thit truyn i thng qua sng in t. *Khi lc thng di (band pass filter- BPF) : lc ly di tn s cn thit ti tn s trung tm ca tn hiu sau khi c iu ch. *Khi khuch i cng sut cao tn (rise frequency amplifier) : khuch i cng sut tn hiu n mc cn thit bc x ra anten v c th truyn c trong khong cch cn thit.

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

AMH T-VT 1

3.2 S nguyn l :
C 3 V 2 R 1 1 C 1 2 41 1 L 3 2 Q Q R 1 1 2 1 V i n 1 R 2 3 2 R 5 1 2 2 R 1 8 1 C 7 D M 2 V C 3 2 C 2 Q 2 1 N 2 2 2 2 A 2 R 7 Q 2 2 N 2 22 C 1 1 C 2 6 2 8 2 A Q Q 2 3 N 1 2 C 9 1 1 C 2 1 2 0 1 2 L 1 2 2 A C 2 2 R 1 1 1 1 1 1 D L 1 E D 2 R 2 2 R 4 C 5 2 R 6 L 1 2 R 9 2 R 1 0 1

0
2 1 0 9

0 0

0 0

Hnh 3.2.S nguyn l microphone khng dy pht FM

3.2.1 Khi ngun : V yu cu ca microphone khng dy l nh gn thun tin khi di chuyn nn ta chn khi ngun l ngun pin 3VDC . Do mch ngun n gin l ngun v phn t hn dng gim nh hng ca ngun khi m ngun cho thit b hot ng cng nh khi tt ngun .S mch nh sau :
D C 3 V 1 2 R 1 1 1 L E D

Z L

Hnh 3.3. S khi ngun mch microphone.

Trong ngun 3VDC l 2 pin 1.5V,do ngun in nh nn t lc khng cn gi tr ln m ch cn khong vi chc n vi trm F( y ta chn t 220F),led dng bo tn hiu ngun in v in tr R1 dng hn dng qua led.ZL l ti c trng cho mch tiu th ca cc phn t trong mch. Chn dng qua led l 0.4mA,in p gia hai u led l 1V,khi in tr R1 c tnh nh sau :
R1 = 3 1 = 5k 0.4

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM Chn R1=5.6 k Khi dng in qua Led c tnh nh sau :
R1 = 3 1 5.6 0.357 m A

AMH T-VT 1

3.2.2 Microphone : Microphone dng chuyn tn hiu m thanh sang tn hiu in.Hin nay trn th trng c kh nhiu loi microphone nhng ph bin th c loi in ng v in dung. Microphone in ng (dynamic microphone ) n gin c cu to ging nh loa :cun dy c gi trn phn di ng khi c tn hiu m thanh,cun dy ny t gia hai cc t tnh ca nam chm nn khi c m thanh cun dy s di ng tao nn sc in ng trong cun dy,nu cun dy c ni kn hay ni vi ti ngoi th s to ra dng in trong cun dy.Cu to v ch to ca loi micro ny n gin,tuy nhin do dng in to ra c rt nh.
\ \ D I A P H R BASE A G M \ \ \ \ WIRE <--- INSERT INTO TUBE COIL |------------------+ ___________________|| | /////// | | PERMANENT MAGNET ||

| /////// | |------------------|| |---|----|---------+ || / | | TUBE / | | / | | / +| |/ OUTPUT / WIRE

Hin nay c loi micro thay i theo in p( condenser microphone) cho li ln v cht lng tt c s dng trong cc loi micro cht lng cao.Micro dng ny c cu to gm mng rung c ph lp kim loi c chc nng ging nh mt bn cc ca t in, v mt bn khc cng c ph kim loi, hai bn ccny c phn cc bi mt in p DC. Khi c tn hiu m thanh th bn cc dao ng lm thay i khong cch gia hai bn cc, tc thay i in dung c n,hnh thnh gia hai bn cc mt sng in p.in p ny s c khuch i thng qua phn t khuch i Transistor c sn trong microphone.Chnh v vy m microphone loi ny cho li khuch i ln. Supporting

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM frame : ----:---: | : | -- : D | -- metal electrode : | :---| |---| O O connectors

AMH T-VT 1

M e m b r a n e

(D=dielectric) 3.2.3 Khi khuch i m tn : khuch i m tn ta c th dng phn t khuch i BJT, FET hay OP-AMP nhng n gin ta s xt trng hp khuch i dng BJT v trong trng hp ny ta cn li ln nn ta chn cch ghp E chung v c th ghp nhiu tng tng khuch i . S mch c trnh by trong hnh 3.4.
D 1 L E 2 R 1 1 1 C 4 2 1 1 D 2 R 2 2 R 4 L 3

C 3 V

0
1 2 2 1 1 R 2 3 2 R 5 C 2 Q Q 1 2 N 2 2 2 2 A C 3

Z L

R 1

i n

Hnh 3.4. S nguyn l mch khuch i m tn

Trong R2,R3,R4, R5 dng phn cc DC . Cc t in C 3, in tr R5 dng chn tn s ct thp . C4 dng chn tn s ct cao cun dy L3 c in tr thp v tr khng cao tn s sng mang ,Z L l ti c trng ca mch. T in C3 ngoi tc dng chn tn s thp th cn c tc dng tng

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

AMH T-VT 1

li khuch i ch xoay chiu AC.Microphone c c trng bi ngun sng sin v in tr Ri =R12.in tr ny thng c gi tr khong vi chc n vi trm Ohm.Ngun tn hiu m thanh khng phi l dng thun sin nhng c th phn tch thnh chui Fourier vi cc thnh phn sng sin c tn s khc nhau nn khng mt tnh c trng cho mch. Khi ngun c phn tch phn trc,trong phn ny chng ta phn tch cc iu kin v phn cc DC v cc iu kin lm vic ca mch khuch i ghp E chung. * Phn cc DC: trong iu kin phn cc DC ca mch khuch i m tn th dng phn cc ta chn khong 1mA, li khong vi chc ln l c th chp nhn c. Transistor 2N2222A c cc thng s: hfe=100 khi dng ICQ=1mA VBE=0.6V VCEsat rt nh,khong vi chc mV S mch ch DC :

2 R 1 3 V 1 R 3 2

2 R 1 Q 1 R 2 5 V b b 2 Q 2 1 N 2 2 2 2 A 4 3 V 1 R 4

0
R 2 b 1

2 Q Q 1 R 2 5 1 N 2 2 2 2 A

Hnh 3.5.S tng ng mch phn cc DC

Ta chn cc thng s ICQ=1mA,VC=5 tn hiu sau khuch i t khong 2V. Chn RE=1k Hfe =120 Chn
Rb = 1 1 h fe RE = 120 1k = 12 k 10 10
b Khi : VBB = ( RE + h ) I CQ +VBEQ = (1k + 120 ) 1.8 + 0.6 2.58V fe

12 k

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

R R

AMH T-VT 1

2 3 Ta c: Rb = R + R 2 3

V BB =

R3 VCC R2 + R3

T ta c :
R2 = Rb R3 = VCC = 12 9 / 2.58 41 .8k VBB

Rb = 12 /(1 2.58 / 9) 16 .8k VBB 1 VCC

Chn: R2=42k k, R3=17 k Khi :

Rb = R2 R3 17 x 42 = 12 .1k R2 + R3 17 + 42 R3 17 VCC = 9 2.59V R2 + R3 17 + 42

VBB =

Dng in tnh ICQ v VCEQ :

I CQ = VBB VBEQ 2.593 0.6 = 1.81mA R 12 1+ RE + b 120 h fe

RC =

VCC VC 9 5 = 2.2k I CQ 1.81

VCEQ = VCC ( RC + R E ) I CQ = 9 ( 2.2 +1) 1.81 3.19V

Chn RC=2.2 k Dng in iC cc i :

iC max = I CQ + VCEQ RC = 1.81 + 3.19 3.26 mA 2.2

Dng in iC cc i khng mo : ICqmaxswing= min(ICQ ; ICmax-ICQ) = min(1.81 ;(3.26-1.81)) = min(1.81 ;1.45) = 1.45 mA Khi p cc i c th t trn in tr ti l : VLICqmaxswingRC=1.452.2=3.19 V Vi in p ra nh th th p ng c yu cu ca vic thit k mch.Sau ay ta s xt ch khuch i ca mch ch AC. * Ch AC : ch AC th cc ngun DC c ni mass,mch tng ng tn hiu nh tn s thp nh sau :

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

AMH T-VT 1

2C

i b
1 1

i e 2 1 2 R 1

i n 2

b 2

. ( h C f e3

+/ ( 1 h ) f he f+ e 1 . ) i b

Z L

0 Hnh 3.6. S tng ng mch khuch i tn hiu nh tn s thp

Ti c trng ZL do tng sau phn nh v c gi tr rt ln tn s thp. Cun dy L3 c tc dng ngn cao tn do tn s cao c tr khng ln.Chn L3=0.1mH. Khi tr khng tn s 102 Mhz l : ZL,102MHz=0.11022 64 k V tr khng ti tn s thp (15 kHz) l : ZL,15kHz = 0.12159.4
T Trong : hie = h fe I = 120 1.45 2.07 k CQ li mch khuch i :

mV

0.025

AV =

Rb vL (h fe + 1) RC vi Rb + hie

1 Rh Ri + b ie Rb + hie
1 12 .1 2.07 0.06 + 12 .1 + 2.07

12 .1 = 121 2.2 12 .1 + 2.07 124

Nu b qua Ri th li s l :
AV 1 = ( h fe + 1) RC 2 .2 = 121 128 hie 2.07

Nu tng Ri ln 300 th li s l : AV2 110 Nh vy vi Ri rt nh hn so vi Rb v hie th li thay i khng ln lm.Khi Ri tang th li gim. iu ny cho thy khi thit k nn chn loi micro c in tr cng nh cng tt.V li cc i c th t c l 128 ln khi Ri =0. Khi bin in p vo cc i khng mo l :
Vin max = VLmacx 3.19 = 24 .9mV AV 128

Trong thc t th cc BJT u c mo phi tuyn nn bin sng ra khng c dng thun sin. Tuy nhin dng sng ny c th phn tch thnh cc thnh phn sin tn s tn hiu vo v cc thnh phn hi bc cao.

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

AMH T-VT 1

tn s ct thp ta chn tn s ct thp ph thuc vo C E=C3 v b qua nh hng qua lai gia hai t C2 v C3. Tn s ct thp ta chn l 20Hz v c tnh nh sau :
L =
C 3 ( R5 //( 1 hie + Rb // Ri ) h fe + 1

Nn gi tr t C3 l :
C3 = 1 1 1 = 335 .10 6 F hie + Rb // Ri 2f L .hib 2 .20 .23 .7 2f L ( R5 //( ) h fe + 1

Chn C3=220F,khi tn s ct thp l :

fL =

Chn tn s ct do t C2 l :

1 30 .5 Hz 2 220 10 6 23.7
1 2 ( Ri + Rb // hie )

c2 =10L=230.5= C

suy ra C2 = 0.32 F. chn C2 = 1 F. *Xt mch tn s cao,s tng ng ca mch nh sau :

R 1 1 2 1 V i n 2 1 R b 2 2 2

+ V

L 1

3 2

rb

Cb

b ' e

. v

2 b R 1

' e 4

' e

Z L

' e

0 Hnh 3.7. S tng ng mch khuch i tn hiu nh tn s cao

Vi cc thng s nh sau :
rb'e hie = 2.07 k g m = hfe / rb ' e = 0.058

Cb 'c = C obo = 4 pF Cb 'e = Cibo = 8 pF C = Cibo + (C obo + C 4 ).(1 + g m .RC )

Tn s ct cao ca mch l :
fH = 1 2.C.( Rb // rb 'e + Ri )

Vi tn s m thanh ta chn tn s ct cao xp x 20 kHz (tn s cao nht tai ngi c th nghe c).Khi gi tr t C l :

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

1 2. f H ( Rb // rb 'e + Ri )

AMH T-VT 1

C=

1 2f H ( Rb // rb'e )

Gi tr t in C4 l :
C4 = C C b 'e 1 + g m .RC

1 12 .1 2.07 2 20 10 3 ( ) 10 3 12 .1 + 2.07 4.5nF

C b 'c

4500 25 1 +58 2.2 34 .8 pF =

Chn C4 =33 pF,khi tn s ct cao l :

C = 5297 .6 pF f H 17 kHz

Nh vy vi dy tn t 30.5 Hz n 17 kHz th cht lng m thanh pht i l tt i vi vic pht FM cng nh vi cc loi m thanh kh nhau. 3.2.4 Khi iu tn :
1 L 1 2 R 1 Q 2 2 N 6 2 1 C 2 2 2 2 A 2 1 R 1 7 2 R 8 1 2 C 7 D M 2 V C 8 2 6 Q 3 V 2 C 9

0
V T

2 1 0 9

Hnh 3.8. S nguyn l mch iu tn.

Dng iu ch tn hiu m tn pht FM . Trong Q2 , C6, C7 , C8 , L1,Cv0 dng to tn s dao ng trung tm, in p VT dng thay i in dung ca varicap t lm thay i tn s ca mch dao ng trong khong f0 f . Thit k ca mch nh hnh 3.8.. *Xt phn cc DC :

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

AMH T-VT 1

ch phn cc Dc ta chn dng in tnh ICQ khong 10mA, VCEQ t 1.2V n 1.5V.
1 2 R 1 3 V 2 R 7 6 2 Q 2 R 1 8 V b 2 2 Q 2 2 N 2 2 2 2 A L 1 1 L 1

3 V

0
R 2 b 1

Q 1

2 R

2 N 8

2 2

Hnh 3.9. S phn cc DC ca mch iu tn

Vi dng tnh trn th BJT c thng s hfe=200,VBE=0.7V Chn R8 =150. Chn Rb2= 10 hfe.R8 =3 k.
V BB = V BEQ + ( R8 + Rb 2 ). I CQ h fe 3 = 0.7 + (0.15 + ) 10 200 = 2.35V
1

Gi tr R6 v R7 tnh nh sau :
R6 =

Vcc 9 .Rb 2 = 3 = 11 .5k Vbb 2.35 Rb 2 3 R7 = = = 4k VBB 2 2.35 1 1 9 VCC

tnh ton mch iu tn trc tin ta kho st mch dao ng :

1 L 1 C 2 C v 1 6 2 2 C 7 1 1

2 C 1 Q 2 C b ' e Q 2 2 N 2 2 2 2 A b ' c

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

AMH T-VT 1

Hnh 3.10. S tng ng ch AC ca mch dao ng

T C8 c tc dng lm tng tr khng i vi mch khuch i m tn v ni tt tn s cao.Tr khng tn s thp v tn s cao khi chn t C8=0.001F l : ZC8,15kHz= 2 .C 8 =10 .61 k f
Z C 8,102 MHz = 1 =1.56 2f .C8
1

Vi gi tr nh trn th t C8 p ng c yu cu ca vic thit k. in p DC phn cc varicap l : VTDC =VC1 =VCC RC.ICQ1 = 9 2.21.81 = 5.018 V Da vo c tuyn ca varicap th ti in p trn th varicap c gi tr in dung CV 21 pF.Vi cc thng s ca BJT nh trc th gi tr C l : C=C7 +Cbe+CV Gi tr tng ng ca in dung l :
C t = C 6 .C ' C6 + C '
1 L'.C t

Tn s cng hng trung tm ca mch iu tn l :

=
1

2 hay = L' .C t li ca mch khuch i :

AV =

X C6 + X C' X C'

Thng thng ta chn AV 3. y ta chn AV = 4 b tr suy hao trong mch khuch i. V vy :C/C6 =3 hay C =3.C6. Chn C6 = 20pF, C = 320 = 60 pF C7= C- Cbe-CV = 60-8-21 = 31 pF Chn C7 = 33 pF ; khi : C = 62 pF Ct = 19 pF in cm ca cun dy :
L' = 1 1 = .Ct 2 102 10 6
2

1 1 +| .C6 .C ' C' = =1 + 1 C6 .C '

15 10 12

= 162 .3nH

Vi L l gi tr tng ng ca cun dy v t k sinh Cbc ca BJT.

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM Ta c :

1 j.C b 'c jL jL' = = 1 1 2 .L.C b 'c j.L + j.C b 'c L' ra : L = 1 + 2 .L'.C = 128 nH b 'c j.L.

AMH T-VT 1

suy

Xt di tn ca mch iu tn :
2 =
1 L .C t
'

Ly vi phn hai v ta c :
2. = C t 2 L'.C t

M :
1 1 1 = + Ct C6 C ' Ct C ' = 2 2 Ct C'

C= C7 +Cbe+CV
C ' = CV

Nh vy : 2. = l :

CV L'.C ' 2

c di tn 1 MHz th thay i ca gi tr in dung ca varicap CV = 2..L.C2 = 24210210610616210-9(6210-12)2 = 5pF Theo c tuyn ca varicap th in dung ca varicap thay i t 16pF n 26 pF th in p AC thay i trong khong 2V.Vi gi tr ca bin ng ra tng khuch i th c th p ng c yu cu ca vic thit k. 3.2.5 Khi khuch i cng sut cao tn v phi hp tr khng vi anten : Khuch i cao tn c cc ch khuch i lp A, lp B, lp AB, lp C, lp D, lp S, lp E. Mch khuch i lp A cho hiu sut nh mch khuch i lp B cho hiu sut cao nhng b mo, mch khuch i lp AB cho hiu sut cao v cho tn hiu l mt bn k, khuch i lp C ch cho mt phn ca tn hiu i qua. Hu ht cc ch khuch i u c thnh phn hi bc cao.Mch khuch i ca microphone khng dy ch cn cng sut khong 500mW n 1W nn khng yu cu hiu sut cao nn mch khuch i cng sut cao tn dng ch lp A v ch cn dng mt BJT. S mch nh sau :

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

AMH T-VT 1

2 2 3 V R 9 1

1 0

C C 1 0 1 2 2 2 2 A L 2 1

0
1 V in R in C 2 9

1 1 2

Q 3 2 N

2 R 1 a

Hnh 3.11. S mch khuch i cao tn v phi hp tr khng vi anten

Trong cc R9 , R10 dng phn cc DC dng Icq khong vi chc mA. Cun dy L2 , C10 dng lm khung cng hng v phi hp tr khng vi anten . tnh ton gia tr ca linh kin ta xt anten. *Anten :do yu cu mch microphone l nh gn nn ta chn anten l mt on dy dn bng ng ;tuy nhin anten phi p ng c yu cu bc x cng sut ln nht v tn hao thp nht.Ta kho st mt anten n gin : Zi

ZA vin L
Hnh 3.12. S tng ng ca anten

Theo l thuyt siu cao tn th tr khng tng ng quy v ngun dc xc nh theo cng thc :
ZL = Z0 Z A + jZ 0 .tgd Z 0 + jZ A tg d

vi Z0 l tr khng c tnh ca dy dn Theo cng thc trn th ta thy ti nhng im cch ti mt on /4 th dng in v in p ng pha nn cng sut bc x ti y t gi tr cc i. Theo biu thc ta c : 2 d = /4 tg d = tg ( . ) =
4

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

Z0 ZL = Z0 ZA

AMH T-VT 1

ZL = Z0.

( nu tr khng ZA=Z0)

Do khi thit k ta chn anten l on dy ng c chiu di :

L =d =

c 3 10 8 = 0.735 m = 73 .5cm 4. f 4 102 10 6

Vi chiu di ny thi anten c chiu di kha ln so vi microphone nn ta c th iu chnh kch thc ca anten cho ph hp vi yu cu c th ca cng sut bc x. Vi chiu di nh trn,chn dy ng c in ng knh 1 mm. xuyn su ca dy ng :
=
66 .4 f = 66 .4 102 10 6 = 6.57 m

Din tch dn in ca dy ng l :
Sd = d2 4 (d ) 2 = .( d 2 ( d ) 2 )) 4 4

in tr ca dy ng tn s 102MHz l :
RA = l 1 0.735 = 7 S 5.56 10 10 6 10 3 6.57 10 6 4

= 1.265

Trng hp dy ng c ng knh 0.5 mm th in tr cua n 102MHz l : RA=2.54 . Trng hp dy ng c ng knh 0.1 mm th in tr ca n 102MHz l : RA =13.04 . vi =1/5.65107 (/m) l gi tr in tr sut ca mch. Nh vy RA ln th ta chn dy ng c tit din 0.5mm chiu di 73.5cm v c in tr 2.54 . *Phn cc DC :

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

AMH T-VT 1

2 R 3 V 1 9

1 0

1 Q 3 2 2 2 2 A

2 N

Hnh 3.13. S phn cc DC ca mch khuch i cao tn

Xem nh BJT khng c qun tnh c VCesat 0 ,khi khuch i ch lp A s cho dng tn hiu l thun sin khng c thnh phn hi bc cao.Cng sut ra l : PAC
2 2 2 V pp I m .Vm I m .R Vm = = = = 2 2 2.R 8 R

cng sut t cc i th dng ra t cc i khng mo v ta gi s hiu sut ca nch cng hng l 1.Khi dng cc i ny l : Im max=ICQ maxswing= 2.R
2 VCC PCC=VCC.ICQ= 2.RC

VCC
10

Cng sut cung cp ca ngun l:

Cng sut tiu tn trn BJT :

2 VCC < PC max = 625 mW PC=VCEQ.ICQ= 4.RC

Do : RC > anten: PRc=

2 VCC 92 = = 32 ,4 4.PC max 4 0.625

Cng sut tiu tn trn in tr RC ta xem nh xp x vi cng sut ra

2 I m .RC 2

Cng sut thit k yu cu khong t vi trm mW n 1W gi tr RC cc i c th c l:

RC max =
2 V pp

8 .P

Gi tr ny nh hn gi tr RC min nn cn gim cng sut pht ca mch, ta chn cng sut ny l 200 mW.Khi , gi tr RCmax=50.6 . Ta chn RC=47 .Khi dng in tnh phn cc l:
I CQ = VCC 9 = = 95.7mA 2.RC 2 47

92 = 10 .125 8 1

Ta hon ton chp nhn c gi tr ny v dng collector ti a m Q2N2222A cho php l 600mA.

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM Vi gi tr ICQ nh trn th gi tr hfe 200 Do : R9

= VCC VBEQ I CQ
VCC VBEQ R9

AMH T-VT 1

.h fe =

9 0.6 200 =17 .5k 95 .7

9 0.6 200 = 93 .3mA 18

Chn R9 =18 k,khi gi tr dng in tnh :

I CQ = .h fe = VCEQ =VCC I CQ .R10 = 9 93 .3 47 = 4.61V I CQ max
swing

= min( I CQ ;
swing

VCEQ RC

) = min( 95 .7;93 .3) = 93 .3mA

Vm max = I CQ max

.RC = 93 .3mm 47 = 4.385 V

Cng sut cc i trn ti c th c khi phi hp tr khng l:

1 V2 92 p max = . CC = = 107 m W 2 8.RC 16 47

Vi cng sut ny th c th truyn tn hiu khong vi chuc mt l rt tt. *Ch AC:

hie = m.h fe . VT 0.025 = 200 = 52 .2 I CQ 0.0957

li mch khuch i vi R0 l in tr ra ca mch iu tn,xem nh gi tr ny rt nh,ta c:

AV = h fe .
2 V i n R 0 1 2 R 9 2 . 7 1 K 1

i b

R10 // RL 5 = 200 = 19 .14 hie 52 .2

1 2 h i e 2 C 1 C 2 b ' c

h f e b ' e

. i b

R 1 0

2 R 1 L

0 Hnh 3.14.S tng ng ch AC ca mch khuch i cng sut

*Thit k mch phi hp tr khng vi anten:

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

R 2 0 ~ 1 R 1 0 1 1 V 2 L 2 C 1 1 2

AMH T-VT 1

2 R 1 1 2 . 5 4 1

i n

Hnh 3.13. S phi hp tr khng vi anten

Mch phi hp tr khng vi anten c R0 ca tng khuch i cng sut gn bng R10=47 .Tnh ton phi hp tr khng ta c :
RA = j.C11 + R10 . j.L2 R10 + jL2

Rt gn, cn bng phn thc v phn o ta c :

X L 2 = RC . X C11 = RA = 47 RC R A 2.54 = 11 .23 47 2.54

R A .( RC R A ) = 2.54 ( 47 2.54 ) = 10 .63

Suy ra :
11 .23 = 17 .52 nH 2 102 10 6 1 1 C11 = = = 146 .7 pF . X C11 2 102 10 6 10 .63 L2 = = X L2

Vi cc thng s tnh ton trn th ta c s nguyn l ca ton mch nh sau :

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Chng 3:Thit k mch microphone pht FM

AMH T-VT 1

C 2 2

1 0 u 2

2 R 2 1 2 k 1

1 2 C 5 R 4 1 . 2 0k . 0 2 1 R 6 u 4 k 1 2 C 0 p 2 0 9 . 0 1 L 3 1 7

2 R 2 1 . 7 9 k

R 1 1 0

. 9

1 C 1 2 8 p 2 R 2 1 1 1 . 5 4 1 1

R 5 1

1 . 6

1 1 C 1 2 4 0

C Q 3 0

1 . 0 1 u 3 5 2 2 2 A L 2 9 . 1 n 2

R 2 6 0

1 1

2 Q Q 2 1 N 2 2 2 2 A 1 1 1 R 3 7 . 4 2 2 k 52 m k 2 R 5 4 7 0 R 1 C 2 2 3 0 u 2 2 7 2 k Q

2 12

C 6 4 7 P 2 2 A C 8

0
1 2 0

0
. 0 0 1 u

V V F

O A R

i n

F M E

F P Q

= =

R 1 5

8 0

C 8 2

7 P D M 2 V 2 1 0 9

0 0 0

0
L 1 0 . 1 m 3 2

S
T S D

: H

S
A

i t l e i z eD a

u t u

D
D
r d

e a

n y

t ,

A
D

G
r

U
O N
e o r f 11 0

Y
,

e 2

v 0

E
C
0 5

N
1

t e S: a

e S c h e e m e 1 tb

Hnh 3.14.S nguyn l mch microphone khng dy pht FM

nh gi kt qu v hng pht trin :

Qua qu trnh lm gip sinh vin gii quyt c nhiu vn trong thc t khi thit k mch.Sinh vin lp rp mch nhng do thi gian c hn nn cha kim tra hot ng ca mch trong thc t. Vi vic pht Fm c bn trn c th m rng ng dng rng ri trong thc t nh pht thanh FM cht lng cao,ting TV; to tin cho vic ngin cu cc phng php iu ch s c cht lng tt hn.

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