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BI TP CHNG CU TO NGUYN T Cu 1: Nguyn t X c tng s ht proton, ntron v electron gp 3 ln s electron lp v. Nguyn t X c c im: A. Ht nhn cha Z v N theo t l 1 : 1. B. S khi l s l. C.

. Thuc nhm A trong bng tun hon. D. Ht nhn c s proton khc s ntron. Cu 2: Nguyn t ca cc nguyn t thuc nhm VA c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l: A. ns2 np5 B. 3p5. C. ns2 np3 D. 3s2 3p5. Cu 3: Nguyn t A c cng thc oxit l AO2, trong % khi lng ca A v Oxi bng nhau. Nguyn t A l: A. Si. B. N. C. S. D. C. Cu 4: Nguyn t A khng phi l kh him, nguyn t c phn lp ngoi cng l 4p. Nguyn t ca nguyn t B c phn lp ngoi cng l 4s. Tng s electron phn lp ngoi cng ca A v B l 7. A v B l: A. A l kim loi, B l phi kim. B. A, B u l phi kim. C. A, B u l kim loi. D. B l kim loi, A l phi kim. Cu 5: Nguyn t c cu hnh electron nguyn t [Ar]3d64s2l A. nguyn t nhm IIA. B. nguyn t kh him. C. nguyn t phi kim. D. nguyn t kim loi chuyn tip. Cu 6: Hai nguyn t A v B c hiu in tch ht nhn l 16. Phn t (X) gm 5 nguyn t ca 2 nguyn t A v B c 72 proton. Cng thc phn t ca X l A. Cr2O3. B. Cr3O2. C. Al2O3. D. Fe2O3. Cu 7: Hai nguyn t A v B cng mt chu k thuc 2 nhm k tip nhau trong bng tun hon c tng in tch ht nhn l 25. Hai nguyn t A v B l: A. N v Ca. B. Al v Mg. C. P v Ne D. Cl v O. Cu 8: Hai nguyn t A v B thuc cng mt phn nhm A v nm 2 chu k lin tip nhau c tng s electron l 32. Tn ca A v B ln lt l: A. Photpho v Nit. B. Canxi v Magi. C. Oxi v Lu hunh. D. Liti v Natri. Cu 9: S hiu nguyn t Z ca cc nguyn t X, Y, M, N, ln lt l: 6, 7, 15, 19. Nhn xt no sau y ng? A. Y, M cng mt nhm A. B. C 4 nguyn t cng mt chu k. C. X thuc nhm IIA. D. M, N thuc chu k 3. Cu 10: Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron: 1s22s22p63s23p3, s electron phn lp ngoi cng ca X l: A. 5 B. 3 C. 2 D. 4 Cu 11: Nguyn t X thuc chu k 3, nhm IIA. Nguyn t ca nguyn t X c cu hnh electron l: A. 1s22s22p6 B. 1s22s22p63s1 C. 1s22s22p63s23p2 D. 1s22s22p63s2 Cu 12: oxi ho hon ton mt kim loi M thnh oxit phi dng mt lng oxi bng 40% lng kim loi dng. Chn p n ng: A. M l Ca. B. M l kim loi ho tr I. C. M l Mg. D. M l kim loi ho tr IV. Cu 13: Khi cho 2,12(g) cacbonat mt kim loi kim tc dung vi dung dch HCl d thy thot ra 448(ml) kh ( ktc). l cacbonat ca kim loi: A. K (39). B. Rb (86). C. Li (7). D. Na (23). Cu 14: Cc nguyn t thuc nhm A c tnh cht cht tng t nhau, v v nguyn t ca cc nguyn t nhm A c: A. s electron nh nhau. B. s lp electron nh nhau. C. s electron lp ngoi cng nh nhau. D. cng s electron s hay p. Cu 15: Nguyn t nguyn t Z c tng s electron cc phn lp p l 7, nguyn t nguyn t T c tng s ht mang in nhiu hn tng s ht mang in ca Z l 8. X l hp cht ca Z v T, khi ly 5,364 gam X.nH2O ho tan vo nc thu c dung dch D. Cho dung dch D phn ng vi AgNO3 d thu c 10,332 gam kt ta. Xc nh Z, T v cng thc phn t X.nH2O.
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A. Nguyn t Z l Al, nguyn t T l Cl, hp cht X.nH2O l AlCl3.10H2O. B. Nguyn t Z l Al, nguyn t T l Cl, hp cht X.nH2O l AlCl3.5H2O. C. Nguyn t Z l Ca, nguyn t T l S, hp cht X.nH2O l CaS.5H2O. D. Nguyn t Z l Na, nguyn t T l O, hp cht X.nH2O l Na2O.H2O. Cu 16: S khi l A. tng s ht proton v s ht ntron trong ht nhn nguyn t. B. khi lng ca nguyn t. C. khi lng ca ht nhn nguyn t. D. tng khi lng cc ht proton v cc ht ntron trong ht nhn nguyn t. Cu 17: Hy cho bit trong cc ng v sau y ca R th ng v no c t l

A. 60 R .

B. 61R

C. 58 R .

D. 62 R .

Cu 18: Nguyn t R c cu hnh electron phn lp ngoi cng l 4p5. S n v in tch ht nhn ca nguyn t R l A. 20. B. 35. C. 26. D. 30. Cu 19: in tch ht nhn ca nguyn t Y l +16.1019C. Cu hnh electron nguyn t Y l: A. 1s22s22p4. B. 1s22s22p63s23p4. C. 1s22s22p6. D. 1s22s22p63s2. Cu 20: S chuyn ng ca electron trong nguyn t c tnh cht A. theo nhng qu o xc nh nhng qu o c hnh dng bt k. B. khng theo qu o xc nh. C. theo nhng qu o trn. D. theo nhng qu o hnh bu dc. Cu 21: Bit rng oxi v hiro c cc ng v sau: 1 H , 2 H , 3 H , 1 1 1
16 17 18 8O , 8O , 8O .

Tng s loi phn

t nc khc nhau to nn t cc ng v ca 2 nguyn t trn l A. 15. B. 21. C. 9. D. 18. Cu 22: Oxi trong t nhin c 3 ng v vi t l % s nguyn t nh sau: 16 17 18 8 O (99,757%); 8 O (0,039%); 8 O(0, 204%) . Nu trong hn hp ng v trn ca oxi ch c 9 nguyn t A. 23021. B. 2. C. 47.
17 8

O th s nguyn t

18 8

O l

D. 94.

Cu 23: Cc electron ca nguyn t nguyn t X c phn b trn 3 lp, lp th 3 c 3 electron. X l A. Nit (N). B. Bo (B). C. Nhm (Al). D. Photpho (P). Cu 24: Trong t nhin, Brom c hai ng v l
79 35 81 Br; 35 Br . Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca brom l

79,91 th t l % s nguyn t ca hai ng v ny l A. 51% v 49%. B. 35% v 65%. C. 30,2% v 69,8%.

D. 54,5% v 45,5%.

Cu 25: Nguyn t Q c tng s ht proton, ntron v electron l 13. S khi ca ht nhn nguyn t Q l A. 9. B. 7. C. 10. D. 8. Cu 26: Cho 4 nguyn t K (Z=19); Mn (Z=25); Cu (Z=29); Cr (Z=24). Nguyn t ca nguyn t no c cu hnh electron lp ngoi l 4s1? A. K; Mn v Cr. B. K; Mn v Cu. C. Mn;Cu v Cr. D. K; Cu v Cr.
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Cu 27: Nguyn t X c tng s cc loi ht l 82. S khi l 56. in tch ht nhn ca nguyn t X l A. 29+. B. 26+. C. 87+. D. 11+. Cu 28: Khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca Bo l 10,81u. Bo c hai ng v l trm v khi lng ca 11B cha trong H3BO3 l 5 A. 3,32%. B. 14,42%.
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10 5

B v 11B . Phn 5

C. 14,17%.

D. 3,07%. D. 4 gam.

Cu 29: Khi lng ca 0,903.10 nguyn t magie l (Cho Mg = 24) A. 3,6 gam. B. 3,2 gam. C. 3 gam. Cu 30: Chn cu ng trong cc pht biu sau:

Cc obitan trong mt phn lp th A. c mc nng lng khc nhau v khc nhau v s nh hng trong khng gian. B. c mc nng lng khc nhau v cng s nh hng trong khng gian. C. c cng mc nng lng v cng s nh hng trong khng gian. D. c cng mc nng lng v khc nhau v s nh hng trong khng gian. Cu 31: Trong hp cht MX c: - Tng s ht proton, ntron v electron l 60. - S ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 20. - Tng s ht mang in trong nguyn t M nhiu hn trong nguyn t X l 8. Nguyn t M, X ln lt l A. Be v O. B. K v Cl. C. Mg v O. D. Na v Cl.

Cu 32: Nguyn t R c tng s cc loi ht l 52, trong s ht mang in gp 1,888 ln ht khng mang in. Cu hnh electron nguyn t R l A. 1s22s22p63s23p5. B. 1s22s22p63s13p5. C. 1s22s22p63s23p4. D. 1s22s22p63s23p6. Cu 33: Nguyn t nguyn t R c Z = 17. Chn pht biu ng. A. R l phi kim, thuc loi nguyn t s. B. R l phi kim v c 5 electron lp ngoi cng. C. R c phn lp electron ngoi cng bo ha. D. S electron lm y cc phn lp s v p ca R ln lt l 6 v 11. Cu 34: Bit tng s ht proton, ntron v electron trong mt nguyn t X l 276. S ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang n l 40 ht. S khi ca nguyn t X l A. 190. B. 197. C. 158. D. 236. Cu 35: Nguyn t R c phn lp electron ngoi cng l 3p3. Pht biu no sai khi ni v nguyn t R? A. Lp ngoi cng ca R c 3 electron. B. trng thi c bn, nguyn t R c 3 electron c thn. C. Ht nhn nguyn t R c 15 proton. D. Nguyn t R l phi kim. Cu 36: Ion Z3+ c phn lp electron ngoi cng l 3d2. Cu hnh electron nguyn t ca nguyn t Z l A. [Ar]3d4 4s1. B. [Ar]4s2 3d3. C. [Ar]3d5. D. [Ar]3d3 4s2. Cu 37: Cho cc nguyn t sau: Fe (Z=26); Mg (Z=12); Ni (Z=28); P(Z=15) Trong cc ion to nn t cc nguyn t trn th ion no c cu hnh electron ging kh him? A. Fe3+; Mg2+. B. Fe2+ ; P3. C. Mg2+ ; P3. D. Ni2+; P3.
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Cu 38: Lp M bo ho khi lp cha A. 32 electron. B. 50 electron. Cu 39: Cho cc nguyn t:

C. 8 electron.

D. 18 electron.

14 15 17 17 18 6 C , 7 N , 8 N , 9 F , 10 Ne .

Tng s nguyn t c cng s ntron l

A. 3. B. 4. C. 5. D. 2. Cu 40: Cho cc nguyn t c s hiu nguyn t ln lt l: 5, 11, 17. Cc nguyn t ny ln lt ng vi cc nguyn t thuc: A. Nguyn t s, s, p. B. Nguyn t s, p, p. C. Nguyn t p, s, p. D. Nguyn t p, p, s. Cu 41: S hiu nguyn t ca nguyn t nhm l 13. Trong nguyn t nhm, s electron phn mc nng lng cao nht l: A. 1 B. 3 C. 6 D. 2 Cu 42: Cc electron ca nguyn t nguyn t Y c phn b trn 3 lp, lp th 3 c 7 electron. S n v in tch ht nhn nguyn t ca nguyn t Y l: A. 21. B. 17. C. 9. D. 15. Cu 43: Dy no trong cc dy sau y gm cc phn lp electron bo ha: A. s2, p6, d10, f12 B. s2, p4, d8, f14 C. s2, p4, d10, f12 D. s2, p6, d10, f14 Cu 44: Mnh no sau y l khng ng? A. Khng c nguyn t nguyn t no c lp ngoi cng nhiu hn 8 electron. B. Lp ngoi cng l bn vng khi cha s electron ti a. C. Lp ngoi cng l bn vng khi cha ti a 8 electron. D. C nguyn t nguyn t c lp ngoi cng bn vng vi 2 electron. Cu 45: Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t no khng ng sau y: (1) 1s2 2s2 2p73s1 (2) 1s2 2s2 2p5 (3) 1s2 2p6 (4) 1s2 2s2 2p63s23p3 A. 1, 3 B. 3, 4 C. 2, 4 D. 1, 2 Cu 46: Hy cho bit iu khng nh no sau y khng ng? A. Ch c ht nhn nguyn t Oxi mi c 8 proton. B. Ch c lp v nguyn t Oxi mi c 8 electron. C. Nguyn t c in tch ht nhn 8+ l nguyn t Oxi. D. Ch c ht nhn nguyn t Oxi mi c 8 ntron. Cu 47: Phn lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t X l 3p3, bit s ntron nhiu hn s proton l 1 ht. Tng s cc loi ht trong nguyn t X l: A. 46 B. 45 C. 48 D. 50 2+ Cu 48: Cu hnh electron ca ion Fe (Z = 26) l: A. 1s22s22p63s23p6. B. 1s22s22p63s23p63d44s2. 2 2 6 2 6 6 C. 1s 2s 2p 3s 3p 3d D. 1s22s22p63s23p64s2. Cu 49: Tng s electron trong phn t NO2 l: A. 25. B. 32. C. 23. D. 28. Cu 50: Mt kim loi X c s electron ha tr l 1 c tng s cc ht proton, ntron v electron l 34. X l kim loi no sau y: A. K B. Rb C. Na D. Li Cu 51: Dung dch NaX c cha 11,7(g) cht tan tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 (d) to c 28,7(g) kt ta. Nguyn t khi trung bnh ca X l: (Cho: Na = 23 ; Ag = 108) A. 80 B. 35,5 C. 37 D. 19 Cu 52: Tng s cc loi ht trong nguyn t R l 10. R l: A. Nguyn t kim loi. B. Nguyn t kh him. C. Nguyn t kim loi hoc phi kim. D. Nguyn t phi kim. Cu 53: S in tch ht nhn ca nguyn t X l 26. Trong nguyn t X, s electron lp ngoi cng l: A. 5. B. 6. C. 4. D. 2.
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