B CNG THNG

TRNG I HC CNG NGHIP TP. HCM

KHOA CNG NGH HA HC

BO CO THC TP

NH MY X L KH DINH C

Ging vin hng dn:

Sinh vin thc hin:

Chuyn ngnh:
Bc:
Lp
Kha

:
:

TP. H Ch Minh, thng 02 nm 2010

LI M U
Vi nhng hnh trang kin thc thu thp trong qu trnh hc tp v rn luyn ti
trng s khng nu khng c qu trnh thc tp thc t ti cc nh my x nghip.
Trong qu trnh thc tp, sinh vin s vn dng nhng kin thc hc vo nhng g
ang din ra ti nh my, v qua qu trnh tm hiu ti nh my s gip sinh vin tip thu
nhng kin thc khc m nh trng khng c iu kin ging dy.
i vi nhng sinh vin nm cui nh em, thc tp s gip t mt phn vo qu
trnh tm kim vic lm trong tng lai, cng nh nh hng li chnh ngnh ngh m
mnh chn. Kt qu ca qu trnh thc tp ti cc nh my x nghip s nh gi chnh
nng lc tip thu ca ngi sinh vin trong sut thi gian hc tp trng.
Trong qu trnh thc tp ti Nh my x l kh Dinh C, lun lng nghe cc anh cc
ch k s vn hnh ti Nh my tch gp kinh nghim trong qu trnh lao ng, v
lun lun tun th cc nguyn tc an ton lao ng.
Cun bo co thc tp tt nghip ny chnh l cng sc tch gp tt c cc ti liu v
nhng ghi nhn t thc t thc tp ti Nh my v cc ch cng ngh trong nh my.

SINH VIN THC TP TI GPP

LI CM N
Trong qu trnh thc tp ti Nh my x l kh Dinh C, em c anh YXX T
ph T H Tr Sn Xut - Cn b hng dn thc tp ti nh my, di s hng dn
ch bo tn tnh v quan tm ca anh m em mi hiu bit cc hot ng sn xut, nguyn
tc hot ng ca tng thit b, ch cng ngh vn hnh ti nh my. Em xin gi li
cm n su sc ti anh.
Ngoi ra, Em cng cm n n cc anh ch l cn b trong Cng ty ch bin kh
Vng Tu, v cc anh ch ang vn hnh ti Nh my x l kh Dinh C, gip ,
hng dn, v gii p nhng thc mc trong qu trnh thc tp. Em xin trn trng cm
n:

C XYX ph Trng phng hnh chnh - t chc ca Cng ty ch bin kh

Vng Tu.

Anh XYY Qun c Nh my x l kh Dinh C.

Anh XXY ph Qun c Nh my x l kh Dinh C.

Anh YYY cn b hng dn an ton lao ng ti nh my.

c c nhng hnh trang kin thc p dng vo trong qu trnh thc tp, em
tri qu trnh hc tp v rn luyn ti trng i hc Cng nghip Tp HCM di s
ging dy truyn t ca cc thy c trong Trung tm Cng ngh Ha hc, em xin gi
li cm n n tp th cn b, ging vin Trung tm Cng ngh Ha hc.
V c bit em xin gi li cm n n cc thy c trong t b mn Ha Du gip
em c c chuyn i thc tp ti Nh my x l kh Dinh C. Cc thy cc c b
cht thi gian lin h v to mi trng thc tp tt cho em. Em xin trn trng cm
n:

C XXX gio vin hng dn thc tp.

Mt ln na, em xin gi li cm n ti tt c mi ngi gip em trong qu

trnh thc tp v hon thnh tht tt chuyn i thc tp ti Nh my x l kh Dinh C.
Xin chn thnh cm n!

SINH VIN THC TP TI GPP

NHN XT
(ca ging vin hng dn)

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TNG CNG TY KH VIT NAM

CNG TY CH BIN KH VNG TU
NH MY X L KH DINH C
a ch: x An Ngi, huyn Long in, tnh B Ra Vng Tu
Fax: 84.643.869105 84.643.869266
Tel: 84.643.869104 84.643.869106

Vng Tu, ngy 29 thng 01 nm 2010

NHN XT CA NH MY X L KH DINH C

H v tn sinh vin:........................................................................
Trng:..........................................................................................
Thi gian thc tp: t ngy ...........................................................
Nhn xt ca cn b hng dn:...................................................
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Cn b hng dn

Qun c

NHN XT
(ca ging vin phn bin hoc b mn)

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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

MC LC

Trn Quc Ti

DANH SCH HNH NH, BNG BIU

Bng 1.1. Tr lng kh Vit Nam (t m3)........................................................trang 1

Bng 1.2. Thnh phn kh ca cc m..........................................................trang 1 & 2
Hnh 1.3. Cc dy chuyn kh ..............................................................................trang 4
Hnh 1.4. S h thng kh min Nam...............................................................trang 7
Hnh 1.5. Ton cnh tr s ca Cng ty ch bin kh Vng Tu ......................trang 8
Hnh 1.6. S t chc Cng ty ch bin kh Vng Tu ...................................trang 9
Hnh 2.1. Hnh nh nh iu hnh mi ..............................................................trang 11
Hnh 2.2. Nh my x l kh Dinh C ngy v m .........................................trang 12
Hnh 2.3. S t chc nhn s ca Nh my x l kh Dinh C ..................trang 13
Hnh 2.4. Biu th hin sn lng ca nh my giai on 1995 2008 .....trang 17
Hnh 3.1: S cng ngh ch AMF - Absolute Minimum Facility ..........trang 20
Hnh 3.2. S cng ngh ch MF Minimum Facility..............................trang 26
Hnh 3.3. S cng ngh ch GPP Gas Processing Plant.......................trang 33
Hnh 3.4. S cng ngh ch MGPP Modified Gas Processing Plant... trang 42
Hnh 3.5. T v tr slugcatcher quan st ton b nh my................................trang 51
Hnh 5.1. H thng my pht hin chy, r r kh.............................................trang 71
Hnh 5.2. B tr ng ng phng chy cha chy trn bn cha LPG..........trang 71
Hnh 5.3. H thng cha chy c nh.......................................................trang 72 & 73
Hnh 5.4. H thng cha chy di ng................................................................trang 74
Hnh 5.5. H thng bin bo an ton bo h lao ng.......................................trang 75

K HIU CC CM T VIT TT

PVN:
PV GAS:

Tp on Du Kh Quc Gia Vit Nam

Tng Cng ty Kh Vit Nam

KVT:

Cng ty ch bin kh Vng Tu

KN

Cng ty vn chuyn kh ng Nam B

GPP:

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

AMF:

Absolute Minimum Facility

MF:

Minimum Facility

GPP:

Gas Processing Plant

LPG:

Liquefied Petroleum Gases

BUPRO:

Hn hp butane v propane

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

CHNG I: GII THIU CHUNG

I. TI NGUYN KH THIN NHIN VIT NAM:
Nn tng c bn pht trin ngnh cng nghip kh Vit Nam phi k n tim
nng ngun kh. Vit Nam c ngun ti nguyn du kh vo loi trung bnh so vi cc
nc trn th gii v ng hng th 3 trong khu vc (sau Indonesia v Malaysia).
Theo Petro Vit Nam Gas, tng tim nng kh thin nhin c th thu hi vo khong
2.694 t m3 v tr lng pht hin vo khong 672 t m 3, tp trung ch yu cc b
Nam Cn Sn, Malay Th Chu, Cu Long v Sng Hng.
Bng 1.1. Tr lng kh Vit Nam
Tn B

Tr lng thc t ( t m3 )

Sng Hng

5,6 11,2

28,0 56,0

Cu Long

42,0 70,0

84,0 140,0

Nam Cn Sn

140,0 196,0

532,0 700,0

M Lai Th Chu

14,0 42, 0

84,0 140,0

Cc vng khc
Tng

Tr lng tim nng ( t m3 )

532,0 700,0
210,6 319,2

1269 1736

Bng 1.2. Thnh phn kh trong cc m

Bch H

Rng

i Hng

C1

71,59

76,54

77,25

C2

12,52

6,98

9,49

C3

8,61

8,25

3,83

iC4

1,75

O,78

1,34

nC4

2,96

0,94

1,26

Cu t

Trn Quc Ti

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

C+5

1,84

1,49

2,33

CO2, N2

0,72

5,02

4,5

Thnh phn kh ( % vol )

Cc Cu t

Tin Hi

Rng ( m kh )

C1

87,64

84,77

C2

3,05

7,22

C3

1,14

3,46

iC4

0,12

1,76

iC4

0,17

C+5

1,46

1,3

CO2, N2

6,42

1,49

II. GII THIU TNG CNG TY KH VIT NAM PV GAS:

Tng Cng ty Kh Vit Nam - PV GAS l Cng ty trch nhim hu hn mt thnh
vin c thnh lp trn c s t chc li Cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin Ch bin v
Kinh doanh sn phm kh v cc n v thuc Tp on Du kh Quc Gia Vit Nam
hot ng trn cc lnh vc thu gom, vn chuyn, ch bin, tng tr, phn phi v kinh
doanh cc sn phm kh trn phm vi ton quc.
2.1. Hot ng chnh:
- Thu gom, vn chuyn, tng tr, ch bin kh v sn phm kh;
- Phn phi, kinh doanh cc sn phm kh kh, kh thin nhin ho lng (LNG), kh
thin nhin nn ( CNG), kh du m ho lng ( LPG), kh ngng t (Condensate); kinh
doanh vt t, thit b, ha cht trong lnh vc ch bin kh v s dng cc sn phm kh,
kinh doanh dch v cng, kho bi;
- u t c s h tng, h thng phn phi sn phm kh kh, kh lng;
- Phn phi LPG t cc nh my lc ho du v cc ngun khc ca Tp on;

Trn Quc Ti

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

- T vn thit k, lp d n u t, thc hin u t xy dng, qun l, vn hnh,

bo dng, sa cha cc cng trnh, d n kh v lin quan n kh;
- Nghin cu ng dng trong lnh vc kh, thit k, ci to cng trnh kh;
- Nghin cu trong lnh vc kh, ci to, bo dng, sa cha ng c, lp t thit
b chuyn i cho phng tin giao thng vn ti v nng, lm, ng nghip s dng
nhin liu kh, dch v vn ti ca cc phng tin c s dng nhin liu kh;
- Xut, nhp khu cc sn phm kh kh, LNG, CNG, LPG, Condensate v vt t
thit b lin quan;
- Tham gia u t cc d n kh thng ngun;
- u t ti chnh; mua bn doanh nghip kh trong v ngoi nc.
2.2. Sn phm, dch v:
- Kh kh
- Kh ha lng (LPG)
- Condensate, CNG, LNG
- Vn chuyn, tng tr kh v sn phm kh
- T vn thit k, vn hnh, bo dng, sa cha cng trnh kh;
- u t ti chnh.
Nh my in

Khu cng nghip

M kh PM3
Kh kh

Khu thng mi
Trm phn phi
kh C Mau

M kh
Nam Cn Sn

Kh kh
Giao thng vn ti
Cng ty vn chuyn kh
ng Nam B

Gin nn kh
trung tm

H gia nh
Nh my x l
kh Nam Cn Sn

Kho cha
Nam Cn Sn

Cond

M kh Bch H

Nh my ch bin
Condensate

Nh phn phi
LPG, Condensate

Gin nn kh
trung tm
Kho cng
Th Vi

Khu thng mi
Nh my x l
kh Dinh C

LPG

Trn Quc Ti

H gia nh

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Hnh 1.3. Cc dy chuyn kh

2.3. Cc d n khai thc v s dng kh thin nhin v kh ng hnh Vit
Nam:
2.3.1. D n s dng kh ng hnh Rng ng- Bch H:
Cng trnh c d kin ln doanh mt phn hoc ton b vi i tc nc
ngoi. Song song vi qu trnh tm i tc lin doanh, chnh ph ph duyt thit k
tng th v cho php trin khai cng trnh sm a kh vo b, vi mc ch cung cp
cho nh my x l kh Dinh C v cc nh my in B Ra, Ph M v mt s cng
trnh hng mc khc.
Thit b tch kh cao p trn gin cng ngh trung tm s 2 ti m Bch H.
Gin ng ng v cc cng trnh ph tr ti m Bch H.
ng knh ng ng 16 inch di 124km t Bch H vo n B Ra.
Trm x l kh Dinh C.
Trm phn phi kh ti B Ra.
Trm iu hnh trung tm Vng Tu.
Cc cng trnh tiu th kh bao gm cc nh my in B Ra, Ph M cng c
trin khai xy dng.
2.3.2. D n kh Nam Cn Sn:
D n kh Nam Cn Sn l d n kh ln nht hin nay ti Vit Nam bao gm: gin
khai thc, h thng ng ng dn kh t ngoi khi vo b di 400km, Nh my x l
kh Dinh C, Trung tm phn phi kh ti Ph M v h thng ng ng dn kh Ph
M- Tp H Ch Minh.D n c a vo vn hnh t cui nm 2002 hin nay cng
sut ca nh my x l kh Nam Cn Sn ti Dinh C t n 20 triu m3 kh/ngy.
2.3.3. D n kh l B&52- Mn:
D n kh l B&52 Mn c u t xy dng vn chuyn kh t nhin t cc
m kh ti l B&52; khu vc bin Ty Nam, Vit Nam cp kh cho cc nh my in
ti Mn, Tr Nc cng nh cc khch hng khc thuc khu phc hp kh- in- m
C Mau vi cng sut thit k trn 6 t m3 kh/nm.Trong tng lai, h thng ng ng
dn kh ca d n s c xem xt kt ni vi h thng ng ng quc gia v h
thng ng ng khu vc ASEAN.
Trn Quc Ti

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

2.3.4. D n kh PM 3 C Mau:
D n kh PM 3 C Mau l mt phn quan trng ca d n kh- in- m C
Mau, c ng ng dn kh di khong 400km t m PM 3 thuc vng chng ln Vit
Nam v Malaysia vo Khu cng nghip Khnh An, C Mau vi cng sut vn chuyn 2
t m3 kh/nm cung cp kh cho Nh my nhit in C Mau I v II c tng cng sut
1.500 MW v Nh my phn m C Mau c cng sut 800.000 tn/nm.
2.3.5. D n nhp khu kh bng ng ng v nhp khu kh thin nhin ho
lng (LNG) bng tu:
Do kh v cc sn phm kh c tnh u vit hn hn cc loi nhin liu truyn thng
v nhit tr, sut tiu hao nhit, gp phn m bo cht lng sn phm, hn ch nhim
mi sinh mi trng v ng gp mt vai tr quan trng trong chin lc an ninh nng
lng ca quc gia, nn mc d mi ch tri qua gn 20 nm hnh thnh v pht trin,
ngnh cng nghip kh Vit Nam pht trin mnh m v c th s b thiu kh trong
tng lai khng xa.V vy, PV Gas hin nay ang tch cc trin khai cng tc nhp khu
kh pht trin ngun cung cp kh cho th trng kh Vit Nam. V tr a l thun li
ca Vit Nam cho php PV Gas c th nhp khu kh bng hai phng n: nhp khu kh
bng ng ng v nhp khu LNG bng tu.
2.3.5.1. Nhp khu kh bng ng ng:
Do nm trong khu vc gn cc nc c kh nng xut khu kh bng ng ng
ln, c bit l Indonesia v Malaysia- hai quc gia c tr lng kh thin nhin rt ln
v vi h thng ng ng dn kh hin i c th kt ni vi h thng ng ng khu
vc chu , nn PV Gas s nhp khu kh bng ng ng v cp cho cc h tiu th
khu vc Nam B.
2.3.5.2. Nhp khu LNG bng tu:
Ngy nay, LNG l loi nhin liu ang c nhiu nc trn th gii cng nh Vit
Nam quan tm p ng nhu cu tiu th nng lng tng nhanh do nhng li ch v
mi trng, s linh hot trong vn chuyn, gi c cnh tranh so vi cc loi nhin liu
khc c ngun gc t du m.Do , PV Gas bt u trin khai nhng bc i u tin
ca d n nhp khu LNG bng tu nh: kho st th trng tiu th, tm ngun cung
cp, kho st a im xy dng c s h tng, chun b nhn lc,vi mc tiu sm
c LNG nhp khu cho th trng Vit Nam.
Trn Quc Ti

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

2.3.5. D n kho lnh kh du m ho lng (LPG):

Vi mc tiu pht trin c s h tng phc v vic tng tr v kinh doanh ( bun
bn) LPG , PV Gas ang hp tc nc ngoi xem xt u t kho lnh cha LPG ti
Th Vi vi cng sut cha 60.000 tn LPG.Kho lnh cha LPG i vo hot ng s tr
thnh kho u mi cha LPG ln nht Vit Nam, cho php PV Gas nhp khu LPG vi
khi lng ln t tu lnh v xut i p ng nhu cu tiu th LPG ni a v cc nc
trong khu vc.

Bch h
Pipeline: 145 KM
Cng sut: 1.5 BCM

D n t Block B

Nam Cn Sn
Pipeline: 400 KM
Cng sut: 3.5 BCM

PM 3 C Mau
Pipeline: 325 KM
Cng sut: 2.0 BCM

Hnh 1.4. S h thng kh min Nam

III. GII THIU V CNG TY KH VNG TU:

3.1. Hnh thc php l:
Cng ty ch bin kh Vng Tu l chi nhnh ca Tng cng ty Kh, n v hoch
ton ph thuc, trc thuc Tng cng ty Kh c thnh lp theo quyt nh s:
1520/Q- TCTK ngy 15/08/2007 ca HTV Tng cng ty Kh.
3.2. Tn gi v tr s:
- Tn gi y : Chi nhnh cng ty TNHH mt thnh vin Tng cng ty Kh- Cng
ty ch bin Kh Vng Tu
Trn Quc Ti

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

- Tn vit tt: KVT

- Tr s Cng ty: 101 ng L Li, Phng 6, Thnh ph Vng Tu, tnh B Ra
Vng Tu.
- in thoi lin h: 064.2250150; 064.2250151; 064.3833622; 064.3591795;
064.3837069; 064.3839812;
- Fax : 064.3838257

Hnh 1.5. Ton cnh tr s ca Cng ty ch bin kh Vng Tu

3.3. Phm vi hot ng:
a bn tnh B Ra Vng Tu.
3.4. Ngnh ngh kinh doanh:
- Vn chuyn, tng tr, ch bin kh v sn phm kh
- Kinh doanh dch v Cng, kho bi
- Qun l, vn hnh cc cng trnh, d n kh v lin quan n kh
- Nghin cu ng dng trong lnh vc tng tr,ch bin kh v sn phm kh
- Cung cp dch v o to vn hnh h thng cng trnh kh
- Nhp khu vt t, thit b v phng tin phc v cho cng trnh kh
- Cc ngnh ngh kinh doanh khc khi c Tng cng ty kh giao, tun th cc quy
nh ca php lut.
Trn Quc Ti

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

3.5. Nhng sn phm v dch v chnh:

Sn phm KVT cung cp:
- Kh kh thng phm
- Kh ho lng LPG
- Condensat.
Dch v:
- Cc dch v / h tr k thut, KVT cung cp c lin quan n vic tiu th cc sn
phm trn.
- Dch v vn chuyn condensat Nam Cn Sn;
- Dch v Cng: tng tr sn phm lng; xut/nhp xng, reformat, VCM, ; cung
ng nc ngt;
- o to vn hnh h thng cng trnh kh cho cc n v ngoi TCT;
3.6. S lc pht trin ca Cng ty ch bin kh Vng Tu:
Tin thn l trung tm vn hnh h thng dn kh thnh lp ngy 31/03/1995 vi
chc nng tip nhn, qun l v vn hnh cng trnh kh Bch H bao gm:
- ng ng dn kh ngoi bin v trn b
- Nh my x l kh Dinh C, kho xut sn phm lng Th Vi
- Cc trm phn phi kh v cc cng trnh ph tr.
Ngy 12 thng 09 nm 2002 chuyn thnh X nghip ch bin kh: mt phn tch ra t
trung tm vn hnh v st nhp vi mt phn t i dch v kh. Ngy 15 thng 08 nm
2007 tr thnh cng ty Ch bin kh Vng Tu.

Trn Quc Ti

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

B A N TN G GI M C
C N G TY

P H N G
H C TC

PH N G
K TO N

P H N G
K TSX

PH N G
U TXD C B

PH N G
TM - H

PH N G
AT - BV

KHO
CNG
TH V I

N H MY
GPP

T H TSX

04 C A V N H N H

04 T B O V

T H TSX

04 C A V N
HNH

TR M N P LP G
T U C H E LSE A
B R ID GE

04 T
B O V

Hnh 1.6. S t chc Cng ty ch bin kh Vng Tu

Trn Quc Ti

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

CHNG II
NH MY X L KH DINH C
I. CHC NNG - NHIM V CA NH MY:
- Tip nhn v x l ngun kh ng hnh t m Bch H, Rng ng v cc m
khc trong b Cu Long.
- Phn phi sn phm kh kh n cc nh my in, m v cc h tiu th cng
nghip.
- Bm sn phm LPG, condensate sau ch bin n cng PV Gas Vng Tu tng
cha v xut xung tu ni a.
- Xut LPG cho cc nh phn phi ni a bng xe bn (khi cn).

II. S LC V NH MY:
Nh my kh ho lng (LPG) u tin ca Vit Nam c khi cng xy dng ngy
04/10/1997 hp ng k ngy 04/09/1997 vi cc n v thng thu l T hp
Samsung Engineering Company Ltd (Hn Quc) cng cng ty NKK (Nht Bn) theo
phng thc trn gi (EPCC) bao gm thit k, mua sm, thi cng, lp t v chy th,
nghim thu theo ng tiu chun quc t v cc quy nh ca Nh nc Vit Nam v xy
dng, an ton, mi sinh, mi trng, phng chy cha chy Ton b nh my LPG v
h thng thu truyn d liu c iu khin t ng, tng s vn u t l 79 triu USD,
100% vn u t ca Tng cng ty du kh Vit Nam (PetroVietNam), c xy dng ti
Dinh C thuc x An Ngi, huyn Long in, tnh B Ra- Vng Tu vi din tch
89.600 km2.
Nh my c thit k vi cng sut u vo 1,5 t m3 kh/nm v c 3 giai on
vn hnh theo ch nhm p ng tin cung cp sn phm.
Giai on thit b cc ti thiu (AMF) ch sn xut condensate n nh vi cng
sut 342 tn/ngy v 3,8 triu m3 kh/ngy, hot ng vo thng 10/1998.
Giai on thit k ti thiu (MF) sn xut condensate n nh vi cng sut 380
tn/ngy, hn hp butan- propan vi cng sut 629 tn/ngy v 3,5 triu m3/ngy kh kh,
hot ng vo thng 12/1998.
Trn Quc Ti

10

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Hnh 2.1. Hnh nh nh iu hnh mi

Trn Quc Ti

11

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Giai on nh my hon chnh (GPP) sn xut condensate n nh, butan v propan

c tch c lp v kh kh. Giai on hon chnh vi cng sut kh u vo l 1,5 t
m3 kh/nm thu hi propan: 537 tn/ngy; 417 tn/ngy; condensate: 402 tn/ngy v kh
kh:3,34 triu m3/ngy. Giai on ny s dng cng ngh Turbo-Expander vi kh nng
thu hi sn phm lng cao.

Hnh 2.2. Nh my x l kh Dinh C ngy v m

III. T CHC NHN S CA NH MY:

Trn Quc Ti

12

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Qun c nh my: L Tt Thng

Ph qun c nh my: Nguyn Hi Hng
QUN C

PH QUN C

Vn th - Tp v (3)

KP 1

01
02
01
02
02
03
02
03

KP 2

Trng ca
KS Cng ngh
KS iu khin
KS C kh
KS in
KTV Cng ngh
VHV LDA
CS PCCC

Tng: 16

01
02
01
02
02
03
02
03

Trng ca
KS Cng ngh
KS iu khin
KS C kh
KS in
KTV Cng ngh
VHV LDA
CS PCCC

KP 3

01
02
01
02
02
03
02
03

Trng ca
KS Cng ngh
KS iu khin
KS C kh
KS in
KTV Cng ngh
VHV LDA
CS PCCC

Tng: 16

KP 4

01
02
01
02
02
03
02
03

i BVVT

Trng ca
KS Cng ngh
KS iu khin
KS C kh
KS in
KTV Cng ngh
VHV LDA
CS PCCC

Tng: 16

Tng: 16

01 Ch huy trng
Tiu i BVVT (04)
- Tiu i trng
- Chin s s 1
- Chin s s 2
- Chin s s 3

Tng : 18(01 DP)

T HTSX

01
02
01
04
02
01
01
01

T trng
CB An ton
KTV PTN
KTV BD ngy
KS iu khin
KS C kh
KS in
KS Ho du

Tng : 13

Hnh 2.1. S t chc nhn s ca Nh my x l kh Dinh C

IV. NGUN NGUYN LIU SN XUT:

4.1. Nguyn liu u vo theo thit k:
Kh ng hnh t m Bch H t ngoi khi Vng Tu c vn chuyn bng
ng ng dn 16 inch ti Long Hi v c x l ti Nh my x l kh Dinh C.
- p sut: 10900 kPa
- Nhit : 25.60C
- Lu lng: 1.5 t m3/nm (4.3 triu m3/ngy trn c s vn hnh 350 ngy)
- Hm lng nc: bo ha (trn thc t th hm lng nc trong kh c
x l ti gin)
- Thnh phn kh:

Trn Quc Ti

Thnh phn

Nng (phn mol)

N2

2.0998E-3
13

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

CO2
C1
C2
C3
iC4
nC4
iC5
nC5
C6
C7
C8
C9
C10
CycloC5
McycloC5
CycloC6
McycloC6
Benzene
Nc

5.9994E-4
0.7085
0.1341
0.075
0.0165
0.0237
6.2994E-3
7.2993E-3
5.0995E-3
2.5997E-3
1.7998E-3
7.9992E-4
2.9997E-4
4.9995E-4
4.9995E-4
3.9996E-4
4.9995E-4
3.9996E-4
0.013

Tng

1.000

4.2. Nguyn liu u vo theo thc t vn hnh hin nay:

T nm 2002, nh my tip nhn thm ngun kh ng hnh t m Rng ng
c a vo gin nn trung tm qua ng ng 16 inch di khong 40km th thnh phn
kh vo b thay i nh sau:

Kh Rng ng

Kh Bch H

Kh v b

% mol

% mol

% mol

N2

0.144

0.129

0.123

CO2

0.113

0.174

0.044

C1

78.650

74.691

74.430

C2

10.800

12.359

12.237

C3

6.601

7.040

7.133

iC4

1.195

1.535

1.576

nC4

1.675

2.191

2.283

Thnh phn

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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

iC5

0.297

0.549

0.604

nC5

0.257

0.592

0.664

C6

0.157

0.385

0.540

C7

0.084

0.135

0.271

C8+

0.026

0.220

0.094

0.12

0.113

10.0

10.0

100.000

100.000

H2O (g/m3)
H2S (ppm)

16

Tng

Cng vi s thay i thnh phn kh vo b, lu lng kh m cng tng t 4.3 triu

m3/ngy (theo thit k ban u) ln khong 5.7 triu m3/ngy. Trong bao gm t 1.5
1.8 triu m3/ngy kh t m Rng ng v 4.2 4.8 triu m3/ngy kh t m Bch H.
4.3. Kim tra ngun nguyn liu:
Cc thng s cn kim sot:
- Hm lng hydrocarbon
- Cc tp cht c hi: H2O, S, Hg
- Kh tr: CO, N2
- p sut & lu lng dng kh.

V. SN PHM CA NH MY:
Cc sn phm kh ca nh my x l kh Dinh C bao gm: kh kh thng phm,
condensate, hn hp bupro, propane, butane.
5.1. Kh kh:

Lu lng (triu m3/ngy)

p sut (kPa)
Nhit (oC)
im sng nc (oC)
im sng hydrocarbon (oC)

AMF
3.95
4700
20.9
15
20.3

MF
3.67
4700
27.2
4.6
-10.7

GPP
3.44
4700
56.4
6.6
-38.7

GPPM
5.03

AMF
330

MF
380

GPP
400

GPPM
542

5.2. Condensate:

Lu lng (tn/ngy)
Trn Quc Ti

15

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

p sut (kPa)
Nhit (oC)
Hm lng C4 max (%)

Bo co thc tp

800
45
2

800
45
2

800
45
2

AMF

MF
640
1300
47.34

GPP

GPPM

AMF

MF

GPP
535
85.2
1800
45.57
2.5

GPPM
419

AMF

MF

GPP
415
92
900
45
2.5

GPPM
515

5.3. Bupro (ch MF):

Lu lng (tn/ngy)
p sut (kPa)
Nhit (oC)
5.4. Propane:

Lu lng (tn/ngy)
Hiu sut thu hi (%)
p sut (kPa)
Nhit (oC)
Hm lng C4 max (%)
5.5. Butane:

Lu lng (tn/ngy)
Hiu sut thu hi (%)
p sut (kPa)
Nhit (oC)
Hm lng C5 max (%)

Trn Quc Ti

16

Nh my x l kh Dinh C
1,800

LPG

1,600

Condensate

1,400

Kh kh

Bo co thc tp

352

400

372

372
1,577

353
1,617 1,618

1,613 1,623
338

350

298
268

1,223

1,200

300

282

1,233

1,265
259

1,179

250

1,027

1,000
900

800

200

158

148
134

600

132

112

532
80

400

158

150
118

107
81

100
72

281

200

50

183
1

0
1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008

Hnh 2.3. Biu th hin sn lng ca nh my giai on 1995 - 2008

Trn Quc Ti

17

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

CHNG III
QUY TRNH CNG NGH
m bo cho vic vn hnh nh my c linh hot phng mt s thit b
chnh ca nh my b s c, v hot ng ca nh my c lin tc khi thc hin bo
dng, sa cha cc thit b khng gy nh hng n vic cung cp kh cho nh my
in, m, nh my c lp t v hot ng theo cc ch chnh:
- Ch AMF (Ablolute Minium Facility): Cm thit b ti thiu tuyt i.
- Ch MF (Minium Facility): Cm thit b ti thiu.
- Ch GPP (Gas Processing Plant): Cm thit b hon thin.
- Ch MGPP (Modified Gas Processing Plant): Ch GPP sa i
Ngoi 4 ch trn trong qu trnh vn hnh nh my ty theo tnh trng vn hnh
bo dng ca thit b m VHV c th linh hot iu chnh ch vn hnh m bo
tnh an ton v hiu qu thu hi lng ti a.
Nh my GPP c thit k da trn lu lng kh m l 4,3 triu m3/ngy. Vi
lu lng ny, p sut u vo nh my s khong 109 barG v l thng s quan trng
quyt nh hiu sut lm vic ca cc thit b bn trong nh my. Nm 2001 cng vi
vic a kh Rng ng vo x l, lu lng kh qua nh my t mc ti a khong 5,7
triu m3/ngy, p sut u vo GPP gim xung cn khong 70-75 barG, cm my nn
K-1011 c lp t nhm nng p sut kh u vo ti p sut thit k 109 barG. T
s cng ngh chnh ca nh my c mt s thay i chnh gm:
- Kh u vo GPP c nng p t 70-75 barG ti 109 barG v nhit kh sau
trm nn K-1011 tng ln khong 45C cao hn so thit k.
- p sut bnh tch V-03 gim t 75 barG xung 45 barG t 2 mc ch: (a)
lng kh m vt qu cng sut vn hnh ca GPP c bypass qua V-101 cp thng
cho cc h tiu th. Lng tch c V-101 s c a v V-03 x l. (b) lng tch
c ti Scrubber trc K-1011 cng c a v V-03 m bo an ton.
Trn Quc Ti

18

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Trong cc ch vn hnh ni trn, hai ch AMF, MF l cc ch c thit

k vn hnh trong giai on lp t chy th. Sau khi hon thnh vic lp t, cc
ch ny rt t khi c vn hnh v n lm gim kh nng thu hi sn phm lng.
Trong trng hp mt s thit b trong ch GPP b hng th nh my mi chuyn sang
ch AMF hoc MF duy tr hot ng ca nh my.
Thc cht, nh my hot ng vi 3 ch chnh l AMF, MF, GPP cn ch
MGPP l p ng nhng yu cu thc t hin ti trong qu trnh cung cp kh. Do nhu
cu ca th trng khng cn tch butane v propane ring, m ch cn hn hp LPG s
dng cho nhu cu t dn dng nn thp C3/C4 Splitter khng c s dng. Mc khc
k t nm 2002, nh my tip nhn thm dng kh t m Rng ng nng lu lng
dng v b l 5.7 triu m3/ngy, tuy nhin lu lng kh v b tng nhng p lc u vo
gim xung cn 70 bar n 80 bar, v vy m bo p lc u vo v cng sut vn
hnh ca nh my, nn lp t thm 4 my nn K-1011A/B/C/D v ng r qua bn
V-101.

I. CH AMF ABSOLUTE MINIMUM FACILITY:

Ch AMF l ch hot ng ti thiu, s dng nhng ng ng dn chnh ca
nh my. Trong ch ny, qu trnh kh nc khng c thc hin. Ngun kh ng
hnh t m sau khi c tch s b ti Slug Catcher s c a ti my nn Jet
Compressor, p sut u ra ti my nn c duy tr 45 bar. My nn Jet Compressor
c nhim v duy tr p sut thp Deethanizer lun 20 bar. Mc ch chnh ca ch
AMF l cung cp ngun kh cho nh my in m, lng lng thu hi c rt t.

Trn Quc Ti

19

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp
ME-13

Kh thng phm

EJ-01

C-05

K hiu

V-08

C: Thp tch phn on

V: Thit b tch

SC

Kh ng hnh

SC: Slugcatcher
E: Thit b trao i nhit
E-07

P: Bm

V-03

cC-01
Nc
ME-24

E-09

Condensate

E-04

V-15

ME: Thit b o m
Du nng

E-01A/B

Du nng
TK-21

Hnh 3.1: S cng ngh ch AMF - Absolute Minimum Facility

Trn Quc Ti

20

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

1.1. M t s dng
Ch AMF theo thit k l ch vn hnh nh my ban u vi cc thit b ti
thiu nhm cung cp kh cho cc h tiu th v khng ch trng vo thu hi sn phm
lng. S cng ngh ch AMF c m t theo hnh v nh km. Ch AMF c
th c m t nh sau: Kh ng hnh m Bch H vi lu lng kh m l khong 4,3
triu m3/ngy c a ti Slug Catcher ca nh my bng ng ng 16 inch vi p
sut 109 bar, nhit 25,6C. Ti y, Condensate v kh c tch ra theo cc ng
ring bit tip tc x l, nc c trong Condensate c tch nh trng lc v a
vo bnh tch nc (V-52) x l. Ti y nc c lm gim p ti p sut kh
quyn v hydrocacbon b hp th s c gii phng a vo t h thng ct uc,
nc sau c a ti hm t (ME-52).
Dng lng i ra t Slug Catcher (SC) c gim p v a vo bnh tch V-03
hot ng 75 bar v c duy tr nhit 20C. V-03 c nhim v: Tch
hydrocacbon nh hp th trong lng nh gim p. Cng vi vic gim p sut t 109 bar
xung 75 bar, nhit cng gim thp hn nhit hnh thnh hydrate nn trnh hin
tng ny, V-03 c gia nhit n 20oC bng du nng nh thit b gia nhit E-07. Sau
khi ra khi V-03 dng lng ny c trao i nhit ti thit b E-04A/B nhm tn dng
nhit v lm mt cho dng condensate thng phm.
Dng kh thot ra t Slug Catcher c dn vo bnh tch lc V-08 tch trit
cc ht lng nh b cun theo dng kh do SC khng tch ht v lc cc ht bi trong kh
(nu c) trnh lm h hng cc thit b sau.
Kh t u ra ca V-08 c a vo thit b ho dng EJ-01 A/B/C gim p
sut t 109 bar xung 47 bar. Vic gim p ny c tc dng ht kh t nh thp C-01.
Dng ra l dng hai pha c p sut 47 bar v nhit 20C cng vi dng kh t V-03
( gim p) c a vo thp C-05. Nhim v ca EJ-10A/B/C:Gi p sut lm vic
ca thp C-01 n nh. Thp C-05 hot ng p sut 47 bar, nhit 20C. ch
AMF phn nh ca thp hot ng nh bnh tch kh lng thng thng. Thp C-05 c
nhim v tch phn lng ngng t do s st p ca kh t 109 bar xung 47 bar khi qua
EJ-01 A/B/C. Dng kh ra t nh thp C-05 c a ra ng kh thng phm
Trn Quc Ti

21

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

cung cp cho cc nh my in. Lng ti y C-05 c a vo a th 1 ca thp C-01.

Ch AMF thp C-01 c 2 dng nhp liu :
- Dng t V-03 vo a th 14 ca thp C-01.
- Dng lng t y ca thp C-05 vo a trn cng ca thp C-01.
p sut hi ca Condensate gim i v c iu chnh trong thp C-01 nhm
mc ch: Ph hp cho vic cha trong bn cha ngoi tri. Vi ngha , trong ch
AMF thp C-01 hot ng nh l thp n nh Condensate. Trong , phn ln
hydrocacbon nh hn Butan c tch ra khi Condensate nh thit b gia nhit E-01
A/B n 194C. Kh ra nh thp c nhit 64C c trn vi kh nguyn liu nh
EJ-01 A/B/C. Dng Condensate y thp c trao i nhit ti E-04A/B v c lm
lnh bng khng kh E-09 gim nhit xung 45C trc khi ra ng ng dn
Condensate v kho cng hoc cha bn cha TK-21.
1.2. Qu trnh x l Condensate trong ch hot ng AMF:
p sut ca bnh tch 3 pha V-03 c iu chnh 75 barG1bng van iu p
PV-1209 c lp t trn ng ng dn kh t V-03 ti u vo thp C-05, Rectifier.
Nhit u ra van iu p PV-1209 l khong 3C, thp hn hit to thnh hydrate
(16.5C) nn c kh nng hydrate s c to thnh khi i qua van iu p tuy nhin n
s b t tan do thp C-05, Rectifier trong ch hot ng ny c nhit vn hnh ln
hn 20C.
Condensate t V-03 c chuyn n thp tch ethane C-01 (Deethanizer) sau khi
c gia nhit t 20C n 101C trong thit b trao i nhit E-04A/B (Condensate
Coss Exchanger) vi mt dng nng 194C i vo t thp tch ethane C-01. Mc ch
chnh ca thit b trao i nhit ny l tn dng v thu hi nhit t dng nng, trnh hin
tng to hydrate u ra ca FV-1701 (trong qu trnh gim p t p sut vn hnh ca
V-03 xung 20 BarG) bng cch duy tr nhit hot ng 72C, cao hn nhit to
thnh hydrate (11.6C) trong iu kin ny.
1.3 H thng Ejector trong ch hot ng AMF:

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22

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

i vi qu trnh x l kh t Slug Catcher trong ch hot ng AMF, cc thp

hp ph loi nc V-06A/B (Dehyration Adsorber) s khng vn hnh. Kh t SC s
c a ti h thng Ejector EJ-01A/B/C (Jet Compressor). Qua thit b ny p sut
gim t p sut vn hnh ca SC xung 45 BarA, mc ch ca h thng Ejector l nn
kh i ra t nh thp tch ethane C-01 t 20 BarA n 45 BarA, v vy p sut ca thp
tch C-01 c gi 20 BarA.
H thng Ejector bao gm 03 Ejector, cng sut ca mi Ejector ln lt l 50%,
30% v 20% lu lng dng i qua Ejector.
Van iu p (PV-0805) trn ng Ejector bypass c cng sut khong 30% tng
th tch dng ra, iu chnh p sut ca thp tch ethane C-01 20 BarA bng cch cho
bypass 1 phn dng kh qua Ejector khi cng sut ca h thng Ejector duy tr p
sut C-01. Khi cng sut ca h thng Ejector nh hn cn thit, lng kh d t thp
tch ethane s c x ra uc t qua van iu p (PV-1303B) v vy h thng tch
ethane c bo v khng c hin tng qu p.
1.4 Thp tch C-05 Rectifier trong ch hat ng AMF.

Dng kh t h thng Ejector v dng kh t bnh tch V-03 c chuyn n a

th nht ca thp C-05 (Rectifer) tch lng ra khi kh nhit 20.7oC v p sut 45
BarA c iu chnh bi thit b iu chnh p sut (PIC-1114) lp t trn ng ng
dn kh thng phm. Phn trn ca thp C-05 lc ny c tc dng nh mt bnh tch
lng hi (Gas-Liquid Seperator).
Trong ch hat ng AMF, Turbo-Expander (CC-01) v thit b trao i nhit
kh lnh/kh (E-14) khng c a vo hot ng, do vy dng kh t nh thp tch C05 c chuyn n ng ng dn kh thng phm thng qua van PV-1114A c lp
t trn ng ng iu chnh p sut u ra ca nh my khong 45 BarA.
Dng lng t y thp C-05 c iu khin thng qua thit b iu chnh dng
(FIC-1201) cng vi thit b iu chnh mc cht lng (LIC-1201A) a vo a u tin
ca thp tch Ethane (C-01).
1.5 Thp tch Ethane trong ch hot ng AMF.

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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Trong ch hot ng AMF, thp tch ethane (C-01, Deethanizer) c hai dng
nguyn liu u vo, l dng lng i ra t bnh tch V-03 v dng lng i ra t y
thp tch tinh C-05 (Rectifer). Dng lng i ra t y thp tch tinh C-05 c a vo
a u tin ca thp tch ethane C-01 bao gm 80% phn mol cht lng v ng vai tr
nh dng hi lu ngoi cho qu trnh chng ct. Dng lng i t bnh tch V-03 c
a vo a th 14 ca thp tch ethane C-01, (i vi ch hot ng MF v GPP th
a vo a th 20).
p sut hi ca condensate c iu chnh trong thp C-01 xung thp hn p
sut kh quyn lu tr trong cc bn cha thng thng. Trong trng hp ny, thp
tch ethane c tc dng nh mt thp n nh Condensate, ti thp ny hu ht cc
hydrocacbon nng hn butan c tch ra khi Condensate thng qua vic cung cp nhit
cho cc reboiler E-01A/B ln ti 194oC. Dng kh i ra t nh c nhit l 64oC c
trn vi dng kh thng phm bng h thng Ejector.
1.6 Thit b iu chnh p sut kh trong ch hot ng AMF.

Trong ch hot ng AMF, ti u vo ca nh my khng lp t thit b iu

chnh dng hoc p sut t ng. p sut ti u ra nh my c iu chnh bng van
iu p (PV-1114A) lp t ti u ra ca nh my trong trng hp lng kh tiu th
ln hn lng kh cung cp cho ngi tiu dng. Khi lng kh tiu th nh hn lng
kh cung cp, mt lng kh s c em t qua van iu p (PV-1114B), v vy trong
c hai trng hp trn p sut u ra ca nh my c duy tr n nh.
Thng thng kh u vo nh my c p sut 109 BarA c a vo h thng
Ejector, p sut u ra khi h thng Ejector vo khang 45BarA, bng p sut u ra ca
nh my. Khi p sut kh u vo nh my thp hn 109 BarA, hoc kh cung cp t dn
khoan t hn so vi cng sut ca nh my th h thng Ejector c th khng hot ng
ht cng sut, v vy p sut ca thp tch ethane c th tr nn cao hn 20 BarA. Trong
trng hp ny, mt trong ba ejector ca h thng Ejector c cng sut ph hp nht s
c la chn, sau p sut u vo nh my t t tng ln v t n gn 109 BarA v
ng thi p sut ca thp tch ethane cng c iu chnh 20 BarA.

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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Nu trong s la chn trn, h thng Ejector vn khng th hot ng ht cng

sut, th mt lng kh d c th t ng c em t qua van iu p (PV-1303B)
c lp t trn ng ng dn kh i ra t thp tch ethane.
Sau qu trnh x l trn, kh thng phm v condensate l 2 sn phm ca nh
my.

II. CH MF MINIMUM FACILITY:

Mt vi thit b c thm vo gm: Dehydration Adsorber (V-06A/B), Cold
Gas/Gas Exchanger (E-14), Gas/Cold Liquid Exchanger (E-20), Deethanizer OVHD
Compressor (K-01) v Stabilizer (C-02).
ch MF, kh gas sau khi c kh nc s c lm lnh qua 2 thit b trao
i nhit, c 2 dng ny u ng vai tr nhp liu cho thp Rectifier nhm tch lng
lng c trong dng kh. Kh sau khi c tch lng li thp Rectifier c nhit thp
c dng lm lnh cho dng nhp liu, sau c a vo h thng ng dn kh
thng phm n nh my in, m. p sut hot ng ti thp Deethanizer c
iu chnh bi mt my nn ngoi. Mc ch chnh ca ch MF l thu hi sn phm
lng, trong qu trnh gin n khng ng vai tr chnh. Thp tch C3/C4 Splitter
khng c s dng trong ch ny, do sn phm lng ch gm condensate v bupro
(hn hp ca propane v butane).

Trn Quc Ti

25

Bo co thc
E-14tpFV-1001

Nh my x l kh Dinh C
SC V-08
Kh ng hnh

C-05

V-06A/B
E-15

E-20
F-01
E-18

ME-13

Kh thng phm

K-04

V-07

K-01

V-12

V-03

E-01A/B

V-15

FV-1701

E-04

E-09

V-21A
V-21B

TK-21
ME-26
ME-25

nh 3.2. S cng ngh ch MF Minimum Facility

Trn Quc Ti

P-01A/B

E-03

FV-1301

ME-24

V-02

Du nng

Du

Nc

Bupro
Bupro

C-02

C-01

E-07

SPcodensate

E-02

26

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

2.1. M t s dng:
2.1.1. Dng kh gas thng phm:
Dng kh t Slug Catcher c a n thit b tch lc Dedydration Inlet
Filter/Separator (V-08), thit b ny c chc nng: tch nc, hydrocacbon lng v cc
ht rn nhm bo v lp cht hp ph trong V-06AB khi b hng, gim hot tnh. Sau
khi c loi nc ti Dehydration Adsorber (V-06A/B), dng kh c a ng thi
n 2 thit b Cold Gas/Gas Exchanger (E-14) v Gas/Cold Liquid Exchanger (E-20), sau
vo thp Rectifier (C-05) tch pha lng v pha kh ring bit. Kh ra t nh thp
Rectifier (C-05) c s dng nh tc nhn lm lnh bc 1 cho dng nguyn liu ti Cold
Gas/Gas Exchanger (E-14), nhit dng nguyn liu gim t 26.5oC xung -17oC sau
c lm lnh bc 2 ti van FV-1001 bng qu trnh gim p. Dng kh ra t nh
Rectifier (C-05) sau khi trao i nhit ti Cold Gas/Gas Exchanger (E-14), nhit dng
tng ln iu kin cung cp cho cc nh my in.
Hai thp hp ph Dehydration Adsorber (V-06A/B) c s dng lun phin, khi
thp ny lm vic th thp kia ti sinh. Qu trnh ti sinh c thc hin nh s cung cp
nhit ca thit b E-18 s dng du nng gia nhit cho dng kh thng phm nng nhit
ln 220oC. Dng kh sau qu trnh ti sinh sau khi ra khi thit b Dehydration
Adsorber (V-06A/B) c lm mt ti h thng lm mt bng khng kh Dehydrator
Regeneration Gas Cooler (E-15) v c tch lng Dehydration Separator (V-07) trc
khi dn vo ng kh thng phm.
2.1.2. Dng condensate:
S dng condensate trong ch MF v c bn ging vi ch AMF, thay v
dng kh ra t thit b Slug Catcher Liquid Flash Drum (V-03) n thp Rectifier (C-05)
th li n thp Deethanizer (C-01).
p sut ca Slug Catcher Liquid Flash Drum (V-03) c gi 75 bar bi van iu
khin PV-1305A/B gn trn ng ng dn trc khi vo mm 2 v 3 ca thp
Deethanizer (C-01). Nhit ra ca van ny l -7.9oC thp hn nhit m ti tinh
th hydrate hnh thnh khong 13.4oC. ngn chn s hnh thnh hydrate, methanol c
th c bm vo lm cht c ch hoc c th thay i ng ng n van ph. Mc
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ch ca vic thay i dng kh gas ca bnh tch V-03 t Rectifier trong ch AMF, n
thp Deethanizer trong ch MF l v trong kh gas ny vn c cha nc, mc d dng
kh ti sinh t qu kh nc trong ch MF cng c cha nc.
Dng condensate t bnh tch V-03 s c a ti thp Deethanizer (C-01) sau khi
c gia nhit t 20oC ln 90oC trong thit b trao i nhit Condensate Cross Exchanger
(E-04A/B) vi dng nng c nhit 155oC n t y ca thp Stabilizer (C-02). Mc
ch ca vic trao i nhit ny l nhm tn dng lng nhit, ngn chn s hnh thnh
hydrate ti u ra ca van FV-1701, khi p sut t ngt gim t 75 bar xung 29 bar,
nh vy nhit lc ny ca dng ra vo khong 61oC cao hn nhit hnh thnh
hydrate.
Phn lng ra t y thp Deethanizer (C-01) c a n thp Stabilizer (C-02).
Trong ch MF, thp Stabilizer (C-02) c a vo vn hnh nhm thu hi hn hp
bupro c trong dng condensate. Ti y, cc hydrocarbon t C5 tr ln c tch ra v
i ra y thp, sau c dn qua thit b trao i nhit E-04A/B gia nhit cho
dng nguyn liu vo thp Deethanizer (C-01). Sau khi ra khi E-04A/B dng lng ny
c a n lm lnh ti thit b qut lm mt bng khng kh E-09 trc khi a ra
ng ng hoc bn cha condensate thng phm TK-21. Dng hi ra khi nh thp
Stabilizer (C-02) l hn hp bupro, c ngng t ti bnh V-02, mt phn c cho hi
lu tr li thp, phn cn li theo ng ng dn sn phm LPG.
2.2.1. Cc thit b b sung thm vo so vi ch MF
Trong ch hot ng ny, mt s thit b c b sung vo so vi ch AMF,
cc thit b ch yu l thp hp th loi nc V-06A/B (Dehydration Adsorber), thit b
trao i nhit kh lnh/kh E-14 (Cold Gas/Gas Exchanger), thit b trao i nhit
kh/lng E-20 (Gas/Cold Liquid Exchanger), my nn kh nh thp tch enthane K-01
(Deethanizer OVHD Compressor) v thp n nh C-02 (Stabilizer).
2.2.2Qu trnh lm kh v ti sinh chp hp ph:
Trong ch hot ng ny, u tin dng kh t Slug Catcher c chuyn n
thp loi nc V-08 (Dehydration Intel Filter/Seperator), v sau c a vo mt
trong hai thp hp ph loi nc hot ng song song V-06A/B tch nc c trong kh
v cui cng kh c loi nc i qua h thng lc F-01A/B.
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2.2.3 X l Condensate trong ch hot ng MF.

Vic x l Condensate trong ch hot ng MF cng tng t nh trong ch
hot ng AMF, c mt s khc nhau gia hai ch hot ng l trong ch hot
ng MF dng kh t bnh tch 3 pha c chuyn n thp tch ethane, cn trong ch
hot ng AMF th dng kh ny c chuyn n thp tch tinh.
p sut ca bnh tch 3 pha c iu chnh 75 BarA bng van iu p (PV1305A/B) c lp t trn ng ng dn kh ca n v trc u vo thp tch ethane
a th 2 hoc th 3, nhit u ra van iu p l -7.9C, thp hn nhit to thnh
hydrate (13.4C), v vy hai van (PV-1305A/B) c lp t, trong mt van d phng.
Trong trng hp hydrate c hnh thnh mt trong hai van th c th bm methanol
vo hoc l s dng van d phng.
Mc ch ca vic chuyn kh t bnh tch V-03 n thp C-01 l v kh ny c th
c nc, v vy kh thu c trong ch hot ng MF cng cha nc nu chuyn kh
n thp tch C-05. Khi a kh t V-03 ti C01 th kh t nh C-01 s c hi lu li
u vo nh my v nc s c x l y.
Condensate t bnh tch nhanh c chuyn n thp tch ethane sau khi c
gia nhit t 20C ln 80C trong thit b trao i nhit E-04A/B vi dng nng 155C i
t y thp n C-02. Mc ch chnh ca thit b trao i nhit dng l tn dng v thu
hi nhit v gia nhit cho dng lnh trnh hin tng to hydrate u ra ca FV-1701,
khi p sut hot ng gim t 75 BarA xung 29 BarA, nhit hot ng c th duy tr
61C (cao hn nhit to thnh hydrate 14C) trong iu kin ny.
2.2.4. Lm lnh kh v tch tinh trong ch hot ng MF.
Khong mt na lng kh c tch nc c chuyn n thit b trao i
nhit kh lnh/ kh ((E-14,Cold Gas/Gas Exchanger ) lm lnh t 26C xung -17oC
bng dng kh lnh -18C i t y thp tch tinh (C-05, Rectifiel), nhit u ra l
-17C ny l mt thng s quan trng trong qu trnh x l kh, nu n ln hn gi tr
-17C th khng thu hi c cht lng, v nu thp hn gi tr -17C th hydrate c th
c hnh thnh ti dng ra, v vy nhit ny phi c iu chnh bng dng lnh ca
thit b trao i nhit kh lnh/kh (E-14, Cold Gas/Gas Exchanger) thng qua thit b
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iu chnh nhit (TIC-1006, Temperature controller), thit b iu chnh nhit

(TICA-1009, Temperature controller) lp t trn u ra ca ng ng dn dng lnh
trnh hin tng nhit thp hn gi tr cho php (-10C) bng cch gii hn dng
bypass bi thit b iu chnh TY-1006, Low Slector.
p sut ca dng kh nguyn liu c gim t 109BarA xung 47.5BarA thng
qua van iu p (FV-1001,control valve), ti van ny kh c gin n on nhit, nhit
ca kh gim xung n -35C.
Mt na lng kh cn li c lm lnh xung 19C trong thit b trao i nhit
kh/ lng lnh (E-20, Gas/Cold Liquid Exchanger) bng dng Condensate lnh -26.8C i
t y thp tch tinh (C-05, Rectifier), v p sut ca n cng c gim t 109BarA
xung 47.5BarA thng qua van FV-0501C. Sau hai dng ny c ha trn vi nhau
v c a vo a th nht ca thp tch tinh (C-05, Rectifier). Trong thp tch tinh
(C-05, Rectifier) mt lng kh cha ch yu methane, ethane c tch ra khi
Codensate nhit hot ng l -18.5C v p sut l 47.5BarA, nhit v p sut
lm vic c iu chnh bng van (PIC-1114) c lp t trn ng ng dn kh
thng phm. Phn trn ca thp tch tinh (C-05, Rectifier) c tc dng nh mt bnh
tch lng-kh.
Dng kh t thp tch tinh (C-05, Rectifier) c nhit -18.5C c dng lm
lnh dng kh nguyn liu i vo trong thit b trao i nhit kh lnh/kh (E-14, Cold
Gas/Gas Exchanger). Trong ch hot ng MF, h thng tuabin gin/nn (CC01,turbo-Exchangerr/Compressor) khng hot ng, v vy n c b qua v kh c
chuyn n ng ng dn kh thng phm sau khi c do dng bng thit b o (FI1105A/B). Van iu p (PV-1114A, Control valve) c lp t trn ng ng iu
chnh p sut u ra ca nh my l khong 47BarA.
Cht lng t y thp tch tinh (C-05, Rectifier) thng qua thit b iu chnh
dng FIC-1201 cng vi thit b iu chnh mc LIC-1201A c a vo thit b trao
di nhit kh/lng (E-20,, Gas/Cold Liquid Exchanger), c nhit khong -26.8C
c dng lm lnh dng kh u vo v p sut ca kh u vo cng c gim
xung 47.5BarA qua van FV-0501C sau dng ny c chuyn n a trn cng ca
thp tch ethane (C-01, Deethanizer).
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2.2.5 Thp tch ethane trong ch d hot ng MF.

Trong ch hot ng MF, thp tch ethane (C-01, Deethanizer) c ba dng u
vo, dng th nht l dng kh t bnh tch V-03 c a vo a th 2 hoc th 3,
dng th hai l dng lng cng t bnh tch V-03 c a vo a th 20 (nu trong ch
hot ng AMF th a vo a th 14), dng th 3 l dng lng t y thp tch tinh
(C-05, Rectifier) sau khi i qua thit b trao i nhit kh/lng (E-20, Gas/Cold Liquid
Exchanger) c a vo a trn cng thp tch ethane (C-01, Deethanizer) dng ny
bao gm 75% mol l lng v ng vai tr dng hi lu ngai cho qu trnh chng ct.
Trong thp tch ethane, cc hydrocacbon nh nh methane, ethane c tch ra
khi dng lng v i ln nh thp. Nhit y thp C-01 c gi 1200C thng qua
cc reboiler E-01A/B. Hydrocacbon nh tch ra c nn t 29BarA ln 47BarA bng
my nn (K-01, Deethanizer OVHD Compressor) v c trn vi kh thng phm. K01, Deethanizer OVHD Compressor l my nn kiu pittong n cp c dn ng
ng c kh 766KW, c thit b tch lng u vo (V-12) l bnh tch thng ng c
ng knh 1.200 mm v cao 3.000mm c lp t trc my nn loi b tt c cc
git cht lng cn li trong dng kh. Cht lng y ca bnh tch u vo c h
thng x kn thng qua thit b iu chnh mc LICA-1401 Cht lng t y thp tch
ethane c chuyn n thp n nh (C-02, Stabilier) thu hi Bupro (sn phm nh)
v Condensate ( sn phm y). p sut hot ng ca thp tch ethane c iu chnh
29BarA bi b iu p PICA-1305.
Trong trng hp my nn kh K-01 khng lm vic th dng kh t thp tch
ethane s c a ra flare t ng thng qua van PV-1303 duy tr p sut vn hnh
ca thp.
2.2.6 iu chnh p sut dng kh trong ch hat ng MF.
Trong ch hot ng MF, ch iu chnh t ng lu lng v p sut ca
dng kh vo nh my c ci t. Cc b iu chnh p sut v iu chnh dng PICA0502A v FIC-0501 c lp t trn ng ng dn kh sau thp hp ph V-06A/B, v
tn hiu iu chnh t hai thit b ny c la chn bng thit b PY-0502 v sau
c chuyn n van iu khin FV-0501C.

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Nu dng kh cung cp t ngai khi khng , p sut u vo gim xung di

109BarA, th PICA-0502A ng FV-0501C duy tr p sut u vo 109BarA.. Nu
p sut vt qu 109BarA, PICA-0502B s m PV-0502 gii phng kh d ra uc
t, v nh vy cc thit b c bo v khi s qu p.
Trong trng hp ny p sut u vo khng th iu chnh chnh xc do th tch
ca h thng ng ng di y bin qu ln v gi tr ca thit b iu chnh c th b
sai lch. Lu lng dng kh qua thit b trao i nhit kh lnh/kh (E-14) c iu
chnh 45% tng dng kh qua nh my.
Trong trng vic tiu th kh ca cc h tiu th ln hn lng kh cung cp, p
sut ti u ra nh my c iu chnh 47BarA bng van iu p PV-1114A, c lp
t ti u ra ca nh my. Nu s tiu th thp hn s cung cp, lng kh d s c
em t thng qua van PV-1114B v vy trong c hai trng hp p sut u ra ca nh
my u c duy tr.

III. CH GPP GAS PROCESSING PLANT:

3.1. Qu trnh tch nc:
ch GPP, kh gas t Slug Catcher (SC-01/02) trc tin c a vo thit b
tch Dehydration Inlet Filter/Separator (V-08), dng kh ra khi V-08 c a vo mt
trong hai thit b hp ph hot ng song song (V-06A/B) tch nc c trong kh. Sau
, qua h thng li lc Dehydration After Filter (F-01A/B) loi b cc bi bn, tp
cht c hc b cun theo ri a vo h thng x l kh .

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V-08

Kh onghanh

E-14

Nh my x
l kh Dinh C
SC-01

BoFV-1001
co thc tp
C-05

V-06A/B

E-15
F-01
V-07

E-18

E-13
K-03

V-14

CC-01
ME-13

Kh thng phm

K-04

K-02

V-13

E-19
E-08

K-01

FV-1201
V-12

E-02

V-02

E-11

V-05

E-07

FV-1802

C-04

FV-1701

C-01

FV-1301

Nc
ME-24

SP codensate
TK-21
SP Butan
SP Propan

E-04

E-09

V-21B
V-21A

Trn Quc Ti

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33

P-01
E-03

E-01
V-15
E-12

ME-26

C-02

E-17

C-03

P-03
E-10

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Hnh 3.3. S cng ngh ch GPP Gas Processing Plant

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3.2. Cc thit b chnh:

y l ch hon thin ca nh my ch bin kh. Ch ny bao gm cc thit
b ca ch MF v c b sung mt s thit b sau : Mt thp tch C3/C4: C-03; Mt
thp Stripper: C-04; Hai my nn K-02, K-03; Thit b Turbo-Expander: CC-01; Cc
thit b trao i nhit: E-17, E-11, . . .
S cng ngh ch GPP c nu ra hnh v nh km. Trong ng
m biu din dng lu cht (lng, kh) trong ch GPP. S cng ngh ch GPP
c th c m t nh sau:
Kh ngoi gin vo nh my c tip nhn u tin ti Slug Catcher (SC-01/02),
dng lng ra c nhit 25,6C v p sut 109 bar c a ti V-03. Dng kh ra t
Slug Catcher qua V-08 tch nt phn lng cn li, lng lng c tch ra ny c
a n bnh tch V-03 x l, cn dng kh ra t V-08 i vo V-06A/B tch tinh
nc. Trong ch ny, thit b Turbo-Expander c a vo hot ng thay th E-20
trong ch MF, nn khong 2/3 lng kh ra khi V-06A/B c chuyn ti phn gin
n ca thit b CC-01, ti kh c gin t 109 bar xung 33,5 bar v nhit cng
gim xung -18C, sau dng ny c a vo thp tinh lc C-05.
Phn cn li khong 1/3 dng t V-06A/B c a ti thit b trao i nhit E-14
lm lnh dng kh t 26C xung - 35C nh dng kh lnh ra t nh thp C-05 c
nhit - 42,5C. Sau , dng ny li qua van gim p FV-1001 (p sut c gim t
109 bar xung 47,5 bar, nhit cng gim xung cn -62C) ri c a vo thp C05 nh mt dng hi lu ngoi nh thp. Trong ch GPP, thp C-05 lm vic p
sut 33,5 bar, nhit nh - 42C v nhit y -20C. Kh ra khi nh thp C-05 c
nhit -42,5C c s dng lm lnh kh u vo thng qua thit b trao i nhit E14 trc khi nn ra dng kh thng phm bng phn nn ca CC-01.
Qu trnh thu hi lng trong ch ny c khc bit so vi ch AMF v ch
MF do s c mt ca thp C-04 v cc my nn K-02, K-03. Dng kh ra t nh thp C01 c my nn K-01 nn t 29 bar ln 47 bar ri tip tc c lm lnh trong thit b
trao i nhit E-08 (tc nhn lnh l dng lng ra t V-03 c nhit l 20C) v vo
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thp C-04 tch nc v hydrocacbon nh ln trong lng n t V-03. Thp C-04 lm

vic p sut 47,5bar, nhit nh v y ln lt l 44C v 40C. Kh sau khi ra
khi thit b C-04 c nn tip ti p sut 75 bar nh my nn K-02 ri c lm lnh
ti thit b trao i nhit bng khng kh E-19. Dng ny c trn ln vi dng kh ra t
V-03, v c nn tip ti 109 bar bng my nn K-03, sau li c lm lnh v nhp
vo dng kh nguyn liu trc khi vo V-08. Dng lng ra t thp C-04 c a n
a th 14 ca thp C-01 dng lng ra t thp C-05 c a n a th nht ca thp
C-01 ng vai tr nh dng hi lu ngoi nh thp.
Trong ch ny, thp C-01 lm vic p sut 29 bar, nhit nh 14C v
nhit y 109C. Sn phm y ca thp C-01 ch yu l C+3 c a n thp C-02
(p sut lm vic ca C-02 l 11 bar, nhit nh 55C v nhit y 134oC) tch
ring condensate v Bupro.
Dng ra t nh thp C-02 l hn hp Bupro c tin hnh ngng t hon ton
nhit 43C qua h thng qut lm mt bng khng kh E-02, sau c a ti bnh
hi lu V-02 c dng nm ngang. Mt phn Bupro c bm tr li thp C-02 hi lu
bng bm P-01A/B, p sut ca bm c th b p c s chnh p sut lm vic ca
thp C-02 (11bar) v thp C-03 (16 bar). Phn Bupro cn li c gia nhit n 60C
trong thit b gia nhit E-17 trc khi cp cho thp C-03 bng cht lng nng t y thp
C-03. Sn phm y ca thp C-03 chnh l Condensate thng phm c a ra bn
cha hoc dn ra ng ng vn chuyn Condensate v kho cng Th Vi.
Sn phm ra t nh thp C-03 l hi Propan c ngng t hon ton nhit
46oC trong thit b E-11 c lp ti nh C-03 c dng lm mt bng khng kh v c
a ti thit b cha hi lu V-05 c dng nm ngang. Sn phm Propane lng ny c
bm ra khi V-05 bm bng cc my bm, mt phn Propane thng phm c tch ra
bng thit b iu khin mc v chng c a ti ng ng dn Propane hoc b
cha Propane V-21A. Phn cn li c a tr li thp C-03 nh mt dng hi lu
ngoi nh thp.
Ti y thp C-03, thit b trao i nhit E-10 c lp t cp nhit un si
li bng du nng ti nhit 97C. Nhit ca n c iu khin bi van TV-2123
t trn ng dn du nng. Butan cn li a ra bn cha hoc a n kho cng Th Vi
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sau khi c gim nhit n 60C bng thit b trao i nhit E-17 v n 45oC nh
thit b trao i nhit E-12.
3.3 Loi nc v s ti sinh (Dehydration and regeneration)
Trong ch hot ng ny, dng kh t Slug Catcher c chuyn n bnh tch
bnh tch V-08, v sau c a vo mt trong hai thp hp ph song song (V-06A/B)
loi b nc cha trong kh. Sau cho qua h thng li lc F-01A/B loi b cc
bi bn, tp cht c hc b cun theo v a vo h thng x l kh tng t nh trong
ch MF.
3.4 Qu trnh x l Condensate trong ch hot ng GPP.
Qu trnh x l dng Condensate trong ch hot ng GPP khc so vi ch
hot ng MF v AMF bi v trong ch hot ng GPP c thm hai thit b l Stripper
v my nn kh K-02/03. Dng lng v kh t bnh tch 3 pha c chuyn ln lt n
hai thit b ny. p sut ca bnh tch V-03 c iu chnh 75BarA bng van PV2002 lp t trn ng hi lu ca my nn hi lu cp 2 K-03.
Condensate t bnh tch V-03 thng qua thit b iu chnh dng FV-1802 c
lin kt vi thit b iu chnh mc LIC-0302 (cascaded control) i vo a trn cng ca
thp C-04 (Gas stripper) sau khi c gia nhit t 20oC ln 41C trong thit b gia nhit
kh/Condensate (E-08A/B, Gas/ Condensate Exchanger) bi dng kh nng 54C t my
nn kh K-01, Deethanizer OVHD Compressor. Dng kh t thit b trao i nhit c
chuyn n y thp C-04, Gas stripper. Mc ch chnh ca thit b trao i nhit l thu
hi nhit, chng li s to thnh hydrate u ra ca van FV-1802 (ni m p sut hot
ng gim t 75BarA xung 47.4BarA).
Mc ch ca thp lm sch kh l loi nc khi condensate bng dng kh nng
(kh kh). Thp lm sch gm 6 a van, Condensate tip xc trc tip vi dng kh nng
i ln trong thp, v vy nc trong Condensate s c cun theo dng kh. Thp C-04
hot ng p sut hot ng l 47.5BarA c iu chnh bi thit b iu chnh
PICA-1801, PICA-1801 c lp t x kh ra uc t trnh hin tng qu p.
Dng lng t y ca thp C-04 thng qua van iu chnh dng FV-1701 (kt hp
vi thit b iu chnh mc LICA-1821, cascaded control) a vo a th 14 hoc 20
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ca thp tch ethane sau khi c gia nhit t 40C ln 86C trong thit b trao i nhit
E-04, Condensate Cross Exchanger bi dng nng 154oC i ra t y thp n nh C-02,
Stabilizer. Mc ch ca thit b trao i nhit l tn dng v thu hi nhit.
3.5 Qu trnh tch tinh v lm lnh su trong ch GPP.
Mt phn ba lng kh c lm kh c chuyn n thit b trao i nhit E14, Cold Gas/ Gas Exchanger lm lnh su t 26C xung -35C bng dng kh lnh
t nh thp tch tinh C-05, Rectifier c nhit -42.5C. Nhit ca dng kh ra khi
thit b trao i nhit ny l -36C , y l mt thng s quan trng trong qu trnh x l
kh, nu nhit ny thp hn gi tr , th mt lng hydrocacbon lng c th khng
c thu hi, v nu nhit ny cao hn gi tri c bit , th hydrate c th hnh
thnh trong ng ng, v vy nhit ny c iu chnh bi dng lnh qua E-14
thng qua b iu chnh nhit TICA-1009. B iu chnh nhit TICA-1009 c
lp t trn ng ng u ra ca dng lnh nhm trnh hin tng nhit thp hn gi
tr nhit thit k ng ng (-100C) bng cch gii hn dng kh lnh chy vng
(bypass) qua E-14. p sut ca dng kh u vo sau c gim t 109BarA xung
33.5BarA thng qua van FV-1001 nh qu trnh gin n on nhit v nhit ca n
gim xung -62C. Dng lnh ny gm 56% (t l mole phn) l lng , c a vo
a trn cng ca thp tch tinh C-05 nh l dng hi lu ngai cho thp.
Hai phn ba lng kh cn li c a vo h thng gin n kh CC-01, Turbo
Expander, ti h thng ny kh c gin t 109BarA xung 33.5BarA v nhit h
xung -180C. Van FV-0501B c lp t trn ng bypass qua CC-01 nhm trch
qu p cho h thng. Nu b phn gin n ca CC-01 ngng lm vic (SDV-1101 u
vo phn gin n ng li trong vng 0.5 giy), van bypass FV-0501B s t ng m, do
vy c th trnh c hin tng di p t ngt. Dng lnh ny sau c a vo
y thp tch tinh C-05.
Trong thp tch tinh C-05, kh cha ch yu methane, ethane c tch ra khi
dng lng cha cc cu t nng hn nh propane, butane v cc cu t nng khc di
p sut hot ng 33.5BarA, nhit nh thp l -430C v nhit y thp l -200C.
Phn trn ca thp tch tinh nh l bnh tch kh/lng. Cn nhn mnh thm rng trong
cc ch hat ng AMF v MF, thp tch tinh c tc dng nh l mt bnh tch,
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38

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

nhng trong ch hat ng GPP n c tc dng nh l mt thp chng ct phn on

c dng hi lu ngai v khng c thit b gia nhit bn ngoi (reboiler). Thp C-05 c
12 van dng a.
p sut hot ng ca thp tch tinh trong ch hot ng GPP l 33.5BarA
thp hn so vi trong ch hot ng MF v AMF (47.5BarA). p sut ny khng
c duy tr bi cc thit b iu chnh p sut m ph thuc vo hiu sut lm vic ca
Turbo-Expander/Compressor.
Dng kh t nh thp tch tinh c nhit -430C c dng lm lnh su
dng kh nguyn liu i vo thit b trao i nhit E-14, v sau c nn bi phn nn
ca CC-01. Mt van anti-surge FV-1111 c lp t phn nn ca CC-01. Trc khi
khi ng my nn, dng kh thng phm i theo ng ng bypass (qua van FV1111), sau t ng thay i ti my nn khi my nn khi ng, nh van mt chiu
lp t trn ng ng (check valve). Khi my nn ngng hot ng, dng kh tr li di
chuyn theo ng ng bypass. Khi dng kh vo my nn khng , van anti-surge FV1111 s m ra gi cho my nn lm vic ngoi vng surge.
Dng kh sau c chuyn n ng ng dn kh thng phm qua b o
dng ME-13. ME-13 bao gm 02 b o dng FI-1150A/B, mt lm vic, mt d
phng. Van iu p PV-1114A c lp t trn ng ng iu chnh p sut ti u
ra ca nh my l 47 BarA.
Dng lng t y thp tch tinh thng qua thit b iu chnh dng FIC1201 cascaded vi thit b iu chnh mc cht lng trong thp tch tinh LIC-1201A
c a vo a trn cng ca thp C-01 nh l dng hi lu ngoi.
3.5.1 Thp tch C-01 trong ch hat ng GPP.
Trong ch hot ng GPP, thp tch ethane C-01(Deethanizer) c hai dng u
vo, mt dng lng t thp C-04, sau khi c gia nhit t 40oC n 86oC trong thit
b trao i nhit (E-08, Condensate Cross Exchanger) c a vo a th 20 ca thp
C-01. Dng cn li l dng lng t y thp tch tinh c nhit -23C c a vo a
trn cng ca thp, dng ny gm 95% (theo t l mole phn) l cht lng lm dng hi
lu ngai cho qu trnh chng ct.
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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Trong thp tch C-01, cc hydrocacbon nh nh methane, ethane c tch ra

khi pha lng nh thit b gia nhit cho y thp E-01A/B. Nhit y thp c duy
tr 109C. Hydrocacbon dng kh i ra t nh thp c nn bng 1 trong 2 my nn
K-01 A/B, Deethanizer OVHD Compressor t 29BarA ln 47BarA. K-01 A/B,
Deethanizer OVHD Compressor l my nn kiu pittong n cp c dn ng bi
ng c kh 766kW trong 1 my lm vic v 1 my d phng. Bnh tch u vo V12 l dng bnh thng ng c ng knh 1.200mm, cao 3.000mm c lp t trc
my nn loi b tt c cc git cn li trong dng kh. Cht lng y ca thit b tch
lc c x vo h thng x kn thng qua thit b iu chnh mc LICA-1401.
Dng kh sau c lm mt trong thit b trao i nhit E-08, Gas/Condensate
Exchanger nh vo dng lnh c nhit l 200C i ra t bnh tch ba pha V-03, Slug
Catcher Liquid Flash Drum. Dng kh ny c tip tc nn ti 75BarA bng my nn
K-02, Expanded Deethanizer OVHD Compressor v c lm mt ti qut lm mt bng
khng kh E-19, sau i vo u ht ca my nn K-03.
Dng kh t bnh tch ba pha V-03 c trn ln vi dng kh i ra t E-09 v i
vo u ht ca my nn K-03, 2nd Stage OVHD Compressor, sau c a a tr
li nhp vo ng kh nguyn liu u vo chuyn n thp loi nc loi nc
v a vo ch bin tr li nhm tng hiu qu thu hi lng cho nh my.
Cc my nn K-02 v K-03 l loi my nn kiu pittong hai cp c dn ng
bi ng c kh 1200kw. Cc bnh tch u vo V-13 v V-14 l dng bnh thng ng
c ng knh ln lt l 1.100mm v 1.000mm v c chiu cao l 3.000mm c lp
t u vo ca mi my nn loi b cc ht cht lng c trong dng kh i vo my
nn.
Dng lng y cc thit b tch lng thng qua b iu chnh mc chnh mc
LICA-1901 v 2001 c a vo a trn cng ca thp tch C-01 v thp C-04.
p sut u ht K-01 bng p sut hot ng ca thp tch ethane, c iu
chnh 29BarA bi b iu chnh p sut PICA-1303A, trong trng hp K-01 ngng
hot ng, dng kh t thp tch ethane s t ng x ra uc t thng qua van PV1303B nhm duy tr p sut hot ng ca thp.

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40

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

p sut u ht ca K-02 c iu chnh 47BarA bi b iu p PICA-1801A

v gi n nh 47 BarA.
p sut u ht K-03, c iu chnh 75BarA bi b iu p PIC-2002A. My
nn K-02/03 c cng tc quay do s dng chung ng c.
Lng t y thp tch ethane thng qua van FV-1301 (hot ng ch autocascaded nh vo b iu chnh mc LIC-1302 i vo thp n nh C-02,
Stabilizer.
3.5.2 iu chnh nhit v t l dng trong ch GPP.
Trong ch hot ng GPP, lu lng dng v p sut u vo ca nh my
c iu chnh t ng. Thit b iu chnh p sut v dng PICA-0502A & FIC-0501
c lp t trn ng ng dn kh sau h thng thp hp ph V-06A/B v tn hiu iu
khin t hai thit b iu chnh ny nh vo b la chn low selector PY-0502 v sau
chuyn n iu chnh ng m van u vo phn gin n ca CC-01 (iu chnh tc
quay ca CC-01). Trong trng hp CC-01 dng van FV-0501B s t ng m
trnh qu p cho h thng.
Khi lng kh cung cp t ngai khi khng , p sut kh u vo nh my gim
xung di 109Bar, PICA-0502A gim tc ca CC-01 gi cho p sut kh u vo
ca nh my 109BarA. Khi lng kh cung cp t ngoi khi tng v my nn khng
th gim p sut mc d chy vi tc max, PICA-0502A c th m van Expander
bypass FV-0501B. Nu dng kh vi lu lng ln hn cng sut nh my, FIC-0501 gi
cho tc dng kh gi tr bng cng sut ca nh my. Nu p sut vt qu
109BarA, PICA-0502B s kch hot m van PV-0502 gii phng lng kh d a ra
uc t, do vy thit b c bo v khi tnh trng qu p.
T l dng kh nguyn liu u vo qua thit b trao i nhit kh lnh/kh (E14,Cold Gas/Gas Exchanger) c iu chnh 34% tng lng kh qua FIC-0501 bi
FFIC-1001 v FV-1001.
Trong trng hp nhu cu tiu th ca cc h tiu th ln hn lng kh cung cp,
p sut u ra nh my c iu chnh 47BarA bi van iu p PV-1114A, Pressure
Trn Quc Ti

41

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Control valve c lp t u ra ca nh my, trc ng ng dn kh. Khi nhu cu

tiu th ca cc h tiu th thp hn lng kh cung cp, mt lng kh d s c t
thng qua van PV-1114B , do vy trong ca hai trng hp trn p sut u ra ca nh
my c iu chnh.
Trong ch GPP sa i, do trm nn u vo lun duy tr p sut dng kh vo
x l l 109 barG nn b iu khin t ng PY-0502 khng cn iu chnh theo p sut.
Do b iu khin PIC-0502A c t manual vi output 100% v lc ny PY0502 s ch nhn gi tr iu khin t FIC-0501 qua HS-0501 ng m Inlet guide valve
ca CC-01 iu khin lu lng qua CC-01. Phn lu lng kh cn li s c iu
chnh qua E-14 bng cch ng m van FV-1001 nhm m bo tnh ch ng v n
nh cho h thng.

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42

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

V-101
E1015A/B/
K- C/D
1011A/B/
C/D

K-01

E-14

K-02 K-03
E-11

E-02

V-12
V-05

V-02

C-05

P-01A/B
C-01
E01A/
B
V-08

C-02

P-03A/B
C-03
V-21A

E-03

V-21B
E-12

V-15
CC-01

Kh thng phm
ME

Buta
n

SC-01/02

E-04

SP Condensate

Hnh 3.4. S cng ngh ch GPP chuyn i Modified Gas Processing Plant

Trn Quc Ti

43

SC: Slug catcher

E: Thit b trao i nhit

CC: Turbo Expader
K: My nn
ME: Thit b o m

E-09

V-03

C: Thp tch phn on

P: Bm

TK-21

E-07

K hiu
V: Thit b tch

E-10

V-06A/B

SDV-101

Kh ng hnh

E-17

Propan

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

IV. CH MGPP GAS PROCESSING PLANT MODIFIED:

gii quyt nhng pht sinh ca vic tng cng sut Nh my khi phi tip nhn
thm lng kh ng hnh t m Rng ng sao cho em li hiu qu kinh t cao nht:
Vic tng lu lng kh ng hnh dn vo b gy nn s st gim p sut ng k trn
ng ng lm cho p sut ti u vo Nh my x l kh khng th m bo gi tr p
sut thit k l 109 bar. Phng n lp t trm nn kh u vo Nh my x l kh Dinh
C nn tng p sut kh nguyn liu vo Nh my ln 109 bar theo ng thit k ban
u s m bo vic tng sn lng sn phm ca nh my khi tng lu lng nguyn
liu vo nh my cng nh p sut ca dng kh cung cp cho Nh my in Ph M
1. Trm nn kh u vo c lp t gm 4 my nn kh : 3 my hot ng v 1 my d
phng. Ngoi ra, mt s thit b ca nh my x l kh Dinh C cng c ci hon
kt ni m rng vi trm nn kh.
Cc thit b trong ch ny gm ton b cc thit b ca ch GPP v thm
trm nn kh u vo K-1011A/B/C/D v bnh tch V-101. Kh ng hnh t m Bch
H vi lu lng khong 5,7-6,1 triu m3 kh/ngy vo h thng Slug Catcher trong iu
kin p sut 65 bar- 80 bar nhit 20C n 30C (tu theo nhit mi trng). Dng
kh ra t SC c chia thnh hai dng:
- Dng th nht c lu lng khong 1 triu m3/ngy c a qua van gim p
PV-106 gim p sut t 65 bar-80 bar xung 54 bar v i vo thit b tch lng V-101.
Lng c tch ra ti y bnh V-101 c a vo thit b V-03 ch bin su. Kh i
ra t bnh tch V-101 c a vo h thng ng ng dn kh thng phm 16 inch
cung cp cho cc nh my in.
- Dng th hai c lu lng khong 5 triu m3 kh/ngy c a vo trm nn
kh u vo K-1011 A/B/C/D (3 my hot ng 1 my d phng) nn nng p sut t
65 bar- 80 bar ln 109 bar sau qua h thng qut lm mt bng khng kh E-1011
lm ngui dng kh ra khi my nn n nhit khong 40-45C. Dng kh ny i vo
thit b tch lc V-08 tch lng lng cn li trong kh v lc bi bn. Sau c
a vo thit b hp th V-06A/B tch trit nc trnh hin tng to thnh
hydrate qu trnh lm lnh su.

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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Dng kh ra khi thit b V-06A/B c tch thnh hai dng: Khong mt phn ba
dng kh ban u qua thit b trao i nhit E-14 h nhit t 26,5C xung -35C
vi tc nhn lnh l dng kh kh n t nh thp C-05 c nhit l - 45C, sau
c lm lnh su bng cch gim p qua van FV-1001. p sut gim t 109 bar xung
37 bar (bng p sut lm vic ca nh thp C-05) ko theo nhit gim xung -62C
ri c a vo a trn cng ca thp tinh ct C-05, ng vai tr nh dng hi lu
ngoi nh thp. Hai phn ba dng kh cn li c a vo thit b CC-01 thc hin
vic gim p t 109 bar xung 37 bar v nhit gim xung -12C v c a vo y
ca thp tinh ct C-05.
Thp tinh ct C-05 hot ng p sut 37 bar, nhit nh thp v y thp
tng ng l -45C v -15C, ti y kh (ch yu l metan v etan) c tch ra ti nh
thp C-05. Thnh phn lng ch yu l Propan v cc cu t nng hn c tch ta ti
y thp.Dng kh ra t nh ca thp tinh ct c nhit -45C c s dng lm tc
nhn lnh cho thit b trao i nhit E-14 v sau c nn ti p sut 54 bar trong
phn nn ca thit b CC-01. Hn hp kh i ra t thit b ny l kh thng phm c
a vo h thng ng ng 16 inch n cc nh my in. Dng lng ra t y thp
tinh ct c a vo thp C-01 nh dng hi lu ngoi nh thp.
Trong thp C-01, vi nhit y thp l 109oC (nh thit b gia nhit E-01A/B),
p sut hot ng ca thp l 27,5 bar, cc hydrocacbon nh nh metan, etan c tch ra
i ln nh thp vo bnh tch V-12 tch lng c trong kh v c my nn K-01 nn
t p sut 27,5 bar ln p sut 47,5 bar. Dng ra khi my nn K-01 c a vo E-08
sau vo thp C-04. Do bnh tch V-03 phi gim p sut vn hnh t 75 bar theo thit
k xung cn 45 bar (v cc l do trnh by mc trn) nn lng lng t y bnh
tch V-03 c a trc tip qua E-04A/B m khng i vo thit b trao i nhit E-08
nh thit k. V vy E-08 v C-04 lc ny khng hot ng nh cc thit b cng ngh
m ch hot ng nh cc ng ng dn kh.
Dng kh t K-01 sau c nn n 75 bar nh my nn K-02 ri li tip tc
a vo thit b trao i nhit E-19 bng vic s dng dng tc nhn lnh l khng kh.
Dng kh ra t E-19 c a vo my nn K-03 nn ti p sut 109 bar v lm lnh
trong thit b trao i nhit E-13, ra khi E-13 dng kh ny c a ti thit b V-08

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45

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

nh l nguyn liu u vo. Thp tch etan C-01 l thit b tch dng thp loi a van,
hot ng nh mt thit b chng ct.
Dng lng i ra t y ca thp C-01 c a qua V-15 sau ti thp C-02.
Thp C-02 l thit b c cu trc dng thp, c p sut hot ng l 10 bar, nhit y
thp c duy tr 135oC nh thit b gia nhit E-03, nhit nh thp 56oC, hn hp
Bupro c tch ra nh thp , cn Condensate c tch ra y thp. Hn hp
Bupro t nh thp C-02 tip tc c a vo thit b lm lnh E-02, sau c a
vo bnh tch V-02. Dng lng ra t bnh tch V-02 c bm P-01A/B bm hi lu 1
phn li nh thp v phn cn li theo ng ng dn sn phm Bupro n bn cha V21 A/B hoc n kho cng Th Vi.
Trong trng hp cn tch ring thnh sn phm Propan v Butan theo yu cu
ca khch hng th sn phm lng t bnh V-02 s c bm P-01A/B bm qua thit b
trao i nhit E-17 ( tn dng nhit) v vo thp C-03. Thp C-03 c nhit y l
95C, p sut hot ng ca thp l 16 bar. Propan c tch ra nh thp, nh qut E11 lm lnh v c a vo bnh tch V-05 sau c bm P-03 A/B cho hi lu mt
phn tr li nh thp v phn cn li theo ng ng dn Propane thng phm. Butan
c tch ra y thp qua thit b lm lnh E-12 v theo ng ng dn butan thng
phm.
Lng ra t y thp C-02 l Condensate c h nhit xung 60C nh thit b
trao i nhit E-04 A/B v xung 45C nh thit b E-09 v sau c a ti bn
cha TK-21 hoc ng ng dn Condensate ti kho cng Th Vi.
Condensate (sau khi tch nc ti Slug Catcher) c tch ra trong Slug
Catcher c a vo thit b V-03 hot ng p sut 47 bar v nhit 20C tch
cc cu t kh nh b hp th trong hn hp lng ny bng cch gin n v gim p.
T thit b V-03, Condensate c dn ti thit b trao i nhit E-04 ( tn dng nhit
ca dng Condensate ra t y C-02) sau i vo a th 20 ca thp.

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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

V. QU TRNH KH NC:
5.1. Qu trnh kh nc:
Thp hp ph V-06 A/B c chc nng hp ph hi nc bo ho tn ti trong kh
HC ngn nga qu trnh to hydrat. Hai thp hp ph c chc nng, thit k nh nhau,
mt vn hnh v mt ti sinh hoc standby. Trong ch hat ng MF v GPP ( v ch
AMF sau khi ch hot ng GPP hon thnh) kh t slug Catcher u tin c
chuyn n bnh tch (V-08, Dehydration Intel Filter/Separator) bnh tch ny c thit
k nhm tch loi 99% cc hydrocacbon lng, nc t do, du bi trn, v cc cht rn
(solid particles) c trong dng kh bo v cho lp sng phn t cht hp th, bi v
cc tp cht ny c nguy c lm bn cht hp th, lm gim hiu sut v tui th ca cht
hp th. Thit b bo chnh p PDIA 0401, Diferential pressure Alarm c lp t
kim sot chnh p qua V-08. Nu chnh p ln hn 0.5Bar s kch hot tn hiu cnh
bo alarm.
Kh i vo thp hp ph qua 3 lp: Lp trn cng l nhm hot tnh loi b
nc, lp th 2 l mng phn t loi b hon ton nc t nhit im sng ca
nc trong kh HC l -75C ti 34.5 bar; lp cui cng l m caremic. Kh sau khi qua
thp hp ph c a qua thit b lc F-01A/B loi b bi bn cht hp ph. Cht
hp ph s bo ho hi nc sau thi gian lm vic 8 gi.
Kh a vo thp hp ph kh nc thng qua thit b phn phi kh, dng kh
i qua cc lp cht hp ph trong thp, lp cht hp ph u tin l oxit nhm hot tnh
loi mt phn ln nc, lp cht hp ph th hai l ry phn t (Zeolit) loi nc
trit t im sng ca kh nh yu cu (-750C 34.5 Bar A). Oxit nhm c dng
tch th ban u v v: gi thnh thp, c kh nng ht nc cao hn, kh b lm bn
v ry phn t ca Oxit nhm c bo v tt, d ti sinh.
Kh kh i ra khi thp hp ph thng qua thit b thu hi c lp t bn trong
v sau i qua thit b F-01A/B Dehydration After Filter, trong mt thit b hot
ng, thit b cn li ch d phng, loi b cc bi ca cht hp ph , n bo
chnh p (DPA-0503A/B, Diferential pressure Alarm) c lp t trn F01A/B s kch
hot kh chnh p ln hn 0.1Bar.
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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

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5.2. Qu trnh ti sinh cht hp ph

Cc cht hp ph s bo ha nc sau 8 gi hot ng trong iu kin nc bo
ha u vo (29C v 109BarA) do cn phi c ti sinh.
5.2.1. Chuyn thp hp ph
Thp hp ph sau khi ti sinh standby hoc c a vo vn hnh song song
vi thp ang hp ph. Trong thi gian ngn hai thp hp ph c vn hnh song song
vi mc ch: gim thiu s thay i thnh phn kh, trnh dng kh b gin on. Sau
thp hp ph cn ti sinh s c c lp.
5.2.2. Gim p
Thp hp ph sau khi c c lp s gim p t 109 bar xung p sut kh ti sinh
(35 bar ch GPP, 38 bar ch MF). Lu lng gim p c gii hn bi l
khng ch lu lng (Restriction Orifice) t c thi gian gim p trn 30 pht.
Trong qu trnh gim p s c s gim nhit v s ngng t ca kh t nhin.
5.2.3. Gia nhit
Nc c loi b t cht hp ph bng cch s dng dng kh ti sinh trch t
u vo phn nn ca CC-01 . Dng kh ti sinh ( 12500kg/h, 47 bar ch MF;
11500 kg/h, 34 bar ch GPP ) c hi lu tun hon bng mt trong hai my nn
kh ti sinh K-04 A/B, v c gia nhit bng thit b trao i nhit E-18 n nhit
2300C. Dng kh ti sinh i ngc chiu vi thp hp ph. Qu trnh ti sinh c kim
sot bng 3 ch bo nhit c lp t trn thp ( TI-0551A/B, 0552A/B, 0553A/B )
v nhit ra ca kh ti sinh (TI-0512). Dng kh ti sinh nng bao gm c nc b hp
ph c lm lnh bng qut lm mt E-15 v quay v u ht ca CC-01, cn nc b
ngng t v tch bng V-07.
5.2.4. Lm lnh
Cht hp ph c lm lnh bng dng kh tai sinh nhnh khng s dng thit b
gia nhit E-18. Cht hp ph s c lm lnh n khong 250C hoc trong khong 5oC
so vi nhit kh t nhin. Ging nh trong qu trnh Heating, nhit qu trnh
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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

cooling cng c kim sot bng cc ch bo nhit gn trn thn thp v nhit u
ra kh ti sinh (TI-0512).
5.2.5. Nng p
Thp hp ph c nng p bng dng kh t nhin sau khi c lm kh (109
bar, 37oC). Lu lng kh nng p c gii hn bng l hn ch (RO) khng ch
thi gian nng p l 30 pht. Ging nh qu trnh gim p, s c s ngng t lng.
Hydrocarbon lng s tch t trong ng ng cng ngh.
5.2.6. D phng
Thp hp ph s c duy tr p sut kh t nhin l 109 bar bng ng nng
p. Trong thi gian ny cc Hydrocarbon lng s bay hi do nhit mi trng. My
nn kh ti sinh K-04 A/B s chy 100% thi gian. Trong qu trnh gim p v nng p,
kh ti sinh s bypass qua thp hp ph bng ng bypass. Theo thit k, dng kh
nguyn liu qua thit b hp ph bo ha hi nc (0,06%); tuy nhin thit b x l nc
bng glycol offshore gim hm lng nc n 7 lb/MMSCFD (0,015%). Do
thi gian hp ph ca thp hp ph c th ko di, trong trng hp ny c th dng K04.
5.3. Cc ch vn hnh ca thp.
Thp vn hnh ch Auto.
Sau khi thp hp ph c lp t, precomissionning and comissionning hay chy
li th thc hin cc bc sau:
- Cng tc LOCAL/REMOTE/MANUAL trn bng iu khin LCP ca V06A/B chuyn v v tr MANUAL ng m van.
- a hai thp hp ph vo vn hnh song song bng cc m cc van KV-0551A,
KV-0552A, KV-0551B, KV-0552B.
- Thp V-06A hp ph, thp V-06B gim p: Bng cch ng van KV-0551B,
KV-0552B; m van KV-0555B n khi p sut ca thp cn bng vi p st ca thp C05.
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- Gia nhit cho V-06B: Bng cc m cc van KV-0553B, KV-0554B; ng van

KV-0557; m van KV-0601; ng van KV-0602 thc hin qu trnh gia nhit, t
setpoint cho TIC-0608 hoc m Manual van TV-0608.
- Thc hin cc bc tng t khi a V-06B vo hp ph, V-06A gim p.
- Chuyn cng tc LOCAL/REMOTE/MANUAL trn LCP ca V-06 v Auto.
- n nt RESET TIME trn LCP thc hin thi gian gia nhit cho V-06B
theo thi gian ci t l 4 gi 25 pht.
- T y thp V-06A/B c vn hnh ch Auto.
Thp vn hnh ch Manual.
Thc hin cc bc sau:
- Mt trong hai thp V-06 ang trong trng thi hp ph, thp ti sinh va kt thc
chu k gia nhit.
- Chuyn cng tc LOCAL/REMOTE/MANUAL trn LCP ca V-06 v Manual
ng m van.
- Thc hin ng m cc van theo bng trng thi cc van (5.4) v bng thi gian
(5.3) vn hnh thp V-06.
T y thp V-06A/B c vn hnh ch Manual.
VI. SLUGCATCHER V CC THP
6.1 Slugcatcher
Kh ngoi gin vo nh my s c tip nhn u tin ti Slugcatcher (SC-01/02)
iu kin p sut t 65 bar- 109 bar (ty theo lu lng) nhit 20C n 30C (tu
theo nhit mi trng). H thng Slug Catcher l h thng tch dng ng, bao gm
hai dy ng vi dung tch mi dy l 1.400m3, th tch ny l tip nhn slug t
ng ng 16 inch di y bin. Kh tch ra t Slug catcher c thu gom trong ng
ng 30 inch v a v x l tip cc thit b h ngun.
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Condensate tch ra t slug catcher c thu gom trong ng ng 36 v c

a v bnh tch V-03 thng qua cc b iu chnh mc (LIC-0111A/B, LT-0121 A&B).
Mc lng c th iu chnh bng cch chn la mc A (mc cao) hoc mc thp (mc
B) thng qua b chn la HS-0111, HS-0121. Khi mc lng trong SC-01A/B t mc
cao LAHH-0111 v LAHH-0121 van u vo nh my s ng li, khi mc lng xung
thp t gi tr LALL-0111/0121 van SDV-0111 v SDV-0121 s ng li trnh hin
tng lt kh t Slug Catcher v V-03.
Nc c a ra t Slug Catcher thng qua thit b iu khin mc (ILIC-0112
& 0122) i vo bnh tch V-52 (Produced Water Flash Drum), ti y nc c lm
gim ti p sut kh quyn v hydrocacbon b hp th s c a ra ng thi. Sau
nc c chuyn n burn pit ME-52, Burn pit. Trng hp mc nc thp, van (ILV0112 & 0122) ng li nhm trnh tnh trng cc hydrocacbon b cun theo.
ch hot ng bnh thng, c hai h thng Slug Catcher SC-01/02 u hat
ng t c cng sut cao hn v mt thit b iu chnh HS-0101 (low selector),
c lp t gia mc cht lng ca c hai h thng ny trong trng hp hot ng
song song. Trong trng hp cn bo dng sa cha mt h thng Slug Catcher duy tr
s hot ng bnh thng ca nh my, h thng cn li c c lp bi cc cp van tay
trn ng kh vo v ra ca SC.
Bnh tch V-03 (Slug Catcher Liquid Flash Drum), l mt bnh tch ba pha nm
ngang hot ng 45 barG (75 barG ch GPP theo thit k) v 20C tch cc
hydrocacbon nh b hp th trong condensate bng phng php gim p sut. p sut
c gim xung t p sut ti SC xung cn 45 barG, nhit h xung thp hn nhit
to thnh hydrate (20C), do c hai van iu chnh mc c lp t trc u vo
bnh tch V-03 (mt van d phng). Trong trng hp hydrate c to thnh trong mt
van, c th bm methanol vo hoc thay th bng van d phng.
Nh my c thit k vi iu kin l nguyn liu u vo c bo ha nc,
nhng thc t nguyn liu khai thc c ngoi khi khng phi han ton nh vy. Hin
ti gin khai thc trang b mt h thng tch nc bng glycol hot ng lin tc. V
vy, s hnh thnh hydrate rt t kh nng xy ra.

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Ti V-03 mt thit b gia nhit dng ng xon (E-07) c lp t gia nhit cho
condensate ln cao hn 20C bng du nng trnh hin tng to thnh hydrate bn
trong bnh. Cng sut gia nhit ca E-07 c iu chnh bng thit b iu chnh nhit
-TICA-0303 (Temperature controller).
Sau condensate thng qua thit b iu chnh dng FICA-0302 (fow controller)
v thit b iu chnh mc LICA 0302 (level controller) a vo ch bin tip. C ba
s la chn cho vic x l condensate: ti Rectifier - C-05 ch AMF, ti Deethanizer - C-01 ch MF hoc ti V-14 (Inlet scrubber 3) ch GPP.
Nc c tch c ti V-03 c chuyn sang thit b iu chnh mc (LICA0301, level controller) a vo bnh tch V-52, Produced Water Flash Drum, nh trong
trung hp nc t Slug Catcher.
p sut hot ng ca bnh tch 3 pha V-03 c iu chnh 45 barG hoc 75
barG, bng van iu p PV-1209 cho ch hot ng AMF, PV-1305A/B cho ch
hat ng MF) c lp t trn ng ng dn kh t V-03 hoc bng my nn kh iu
K-03.

Hnh 3.5. T v tr slugcatcher quan st ton b nh my

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6.2 Thp tch ethane (C-01, Deethanizer).

p sut hat ng ca h thng tch enthane l 29BarA ch MF v GPP,
20BarA ch AMF. Nhit nh v y thp ch hot ng GPP l 140C v
1090C, cn ch MF tng ng l 6 v 120oC . Trong ch AMF khng c dng
lnh hi lu, do vy nhit ca thp (C-01, Deethanizer) cao hn, nhit nh thp
v y thp (C-01, Deethanizer) ln lt l 63.70C v 194C.
Thp tch ethane (C-01, Deethanizer) gm 32 van kiu a, 13 van phn trn
ca thp c ng knh l 2.600mm, v 19 a phn di ca thp c ng knh l
3.050mm. B o chnh p PDIA-1321, Pressure Differential Transmitter c lp t
pht hin s chnh p trong thp. Bn b thit b ch th nhit c lp t trn cc a
th 2,3,14,20 ca thp. Hai thit b trao i nhit reboiler E-01A/B reboiler gia nhit
cho thp, mt reboiler lm vic, mt ch d phng. T reboiler dng lng s c
chuyn n bnh cha V-15 ,Deethanizer Bottom Buffer, sau c a v thp n
nh C-02 thng qua van FV-1301 c iu chnh bi b iu chnh dng FICA-1301
cascaded vi b o mc cht lng LICA-1302.
6.3. Thp C-04, GAS STRIPPER.
Thp tch kh c lp sau khi nh my hon tt v a ch GPP vo hot
ng. Tuy nhin, thp C-04 cng c th c a vo hot ng trong ch MF v
AMP. Thp C-04 hot ng p sut 47BarA. Van PV-1801B s x kh ra uc t
trong trng hp p sut thp C-04 vt qu gi tr cho php. iu kin lm vic bnh
thng nhit nh v y thp ln lt l 44C v 40C.
Thp C-04 gm 06 van dng a c ng knh 2.600mm. B thit b o chnh p
PDIA-1802, Pressure Differential Transmitter) c lp t pht hin s chnh p
trong thp do s to bt. B thit b ch th nhit c lp t trn a th 6 ca thp.
Thp C-04 khng c thit b gia nhit reboiler y thp v thit b ngng t condenser.
Hydrocacbon lng, nc c tch ra nh vo dng kh kh t u x my nn K-01.
Lng di y thp C-04 thng qua van FV-1701 ( hot ng ch auto cascaded)
c dn vo a th 14 hoc 20 ca thp tch ethane sau khi c gia nhit t 40C
n 86C trong thit b trao i nhit E-04A/B nh dng nng c nhit 154C i ra t
y thp C-02. Mc ch ca thit b trao i nhit ny l tn dng v thu hi nhit.
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6.4. Thp n nh (C-02, STABILIZER).

Thp chng ct C-02 lm vic p sut 11 barA nhm mc ch thc hin qu
trnh phn tch gia cc cu t C4 v C5 ca dng lng t V-15 ti to ra hai loi sn
phm ring bit : LPG (Bupro) v Condensate (C5+). LPG ra khi nh thp ( trng
thi im sng) c lm lnh bng khng kh bi gin qut E-02 ngng t thnh
lng (trng thi im si) ti V-02. Sau mt phn LPG s c bm P-01A/B hi lu
li thp nhm tng tinh ct ca thp, mt phn khc c bm ti V-21A/B/C, kho
cng Th Vi hay ti thp C-03 tch ring Propan v Butan.
T l gia phn hi lu (FI-1501) v phn sn phm nh thp (FI-1601) c gi
l ch s hi lu (reflux ratio). Ch s ny cng ln th mc phn tch cng cao nhng
tn tht nng lng gia nhit y thp v lm lnh nh thp cng ln. y, ta khng
cn thit phi m bo tch qu cao m mc ch l cn ti u lng LPG thu c, v
vy t thc t vn hnh v tnh ton m phng th ch s hi lu ti u nn vo khong
0.5 - 0.6 (khng nn nh hn 0.4)
Thp C-02 hot ng p sut 11 BarA v c iu chnh bng h thng qut
lm lnh, van bypass PV-1501A v van iu p PV-1501B. Thp C-02 gm 30 van kiu
a c ng knh l 2.140mm. Dng nhp liu i vo a th 10. Bnh cha V-05 nh
thp, v thit b gia nhit y thp Reboiler E-03. Trong thp C-02 LPG (propane v
butane) c tch ra t dng condensate vo. Hi LPG nh thp C-02 c ngng t
hon tan 43C trong bnh ngng (E-02, stabilizer Condensate) v c chuyn n
bnh thu hi (V-02, Stabilizer Reflux Accumlator), bnh V-02 l mt bnh nm ngang c
ng knh l 2.200mm v di 7.000mm, LGP t bnh cha V-02 c cc bm (P01A/B, Stabilizer Reflux Pumps) vi tc l 180m3/h, chy bng ng c c cng sut
75kw, bm ln p sut khong 17 BarA. Mt phn dng LPG ny c cho hi lu tr
li thp m bo tinh khit ca sn phm, phn cn li c a v V-21A/B nh
l LPG thng phm hay i vo ng ng xung Th Vai Terminal. Mc cht lng
trong V-02 c iu chnh thng qua van FV-1601.
Thit b gia nhit cho y thp E-03 c lp t y ca thp C-02 cung cp
nhit cho thp nhit c iu khin bi TV-1523 c lp t trn ng ng dn
du nng. Phn condensate t y thp thng qua thit b iu chnh mc (LICATrn Quc Ti

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1501,Level Cotrol) i vo bn cha Condensate (TK-21, Condensate Day Tank) c th

tch l 2.000m3 hoc ng ng dn condensate sau khi c lm lnh xung 600C trong
thit b trao i nhit E-04, Condensate Cross Exchanger nh dng lnh i ra t y thp
C-04 (trong ch hot ng GPP) v tip tc c lm lnh xung 45C trong thit b
trao i nhit bng khng kh E-09, Condensate Trim Cooler.
B o chnh p PDIA-1521, Pressure Differential Transmitter c lp t
pht hin s chnh p trong thp do s to bt. Ba thit b ch th nhit c lp t
trn cc a th 9,10, 30 ca thp C-02.
6.5 Thp tch C-03 (C3/C4, SPLITTER).
Thp chng ct C-03 lm vic p sut 16 barA nhm mc ch thc hin qu
trnh phn tch gia cc cu t C3 v C4 ca dng Bupro lng t V-02 ti to ra hai
loi sn phm ring bit : Propan v Butan. Nguyn liu Bupro c gia nhit trc ti
E-17 bi dng Butan i ra t y reboiler E-10 sau ti a th 10 ca thp C-03 (gm
c 30 a).
Propan ra khi nh thp ( trng thi im sng) c lm lnh bng khng kh
bi gin qut E-11 ngng t thnh lng (trng thi im si) ti V-05. Sau mt
phn Propan s c bm P-03A/B hi lu li thp nhm tng tinh ct ca thp, mt
phn khc c bm ti V-21A/B/C, kho cng Th Vi.
Sn phm lng ra khi y thp c ho hi mt phn quay tr li thp, phn
lng cn li c dn ti E-17 gia nhit cho nguyn liu, tip tc c lm mt bi
qut E-12A/B i ra V-21A/B/C hoc KCTV. Thp tch C-03 bao gm 30 van dng a c
ng knh l 1.750mm. Dng nhp liu c a vo a th 14. Thp lm vic p
sut 16 BarA v c iu chnh bng h thng qut lm mt bng khng kh E-11 v
cc van iu p PV-2101A/B.
B o chnh p PDIA-2121, Pressure Diferential Transmiter c lp t nhm
kim sot chnh p qua thp nm trong gii hng cho php. Ba thit b ch th nhit
c lp t trn cc a th 13,14,30 theo di nhit lm vic ca thp.
VII. SN PHM LNG
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7.1. Thit b o im sn phm lng i vo ng ng.

Ba ng ng dn sn phm lng c ng knh l 6 inch c thit k vn
chuyn condensate, propane v butane t nh my x l kh Dinh C ti kho Cng Th
Vi, nm cch nh my 28 km. iu kin lm vic bnh thng cc sn phm lng s
c vn chuyn trc tip n Th Vi Terminal qua ba ng ng ny. Theo thit k
mt ng dng vn chuyn condensate, mt ng vn chuyn butane v ng cn
li vn chuyn propane.
Cc thit b o dng dng coriolis ME-24, 25, 26 c lp t trn mi ng ng
cng vi thit b kim tra dng FIQ-2604 (check meter) kim tra chnh xc cc
thit b o trn.
7.2. H thng bm v bn cha
Theo thit k ban u ba bn cha LPG v mt bn cha Condensate c s
dng nh bn d phng trong trng hp c s c Th Vi Terminal. Ngoi ra cc bn
cha LPG cn c s dng np LPG cho xe bn. Bn cha Condensate TK-21, c
ng knh l 13.000mm v cao 15.600mm v c th tch l 2.000m3 c thit k c
kh nng cha c lng condensate sn sut ra c trong 3 ngy ti nh my
(Condensate sn xut c hng ngy trong nh my x l kh Dinh C l
575m3/ngy).
Cc bm vn chuyn Condensate P-23A/B c cng sut l 30m3/h, chiu cao ct
p 133m nc, c chy bi ng c in cng sut 30kw vn chuyn condensate
trong bn cha ti ng ng dn condensate i kho cng Th vi. Bm P-23A/B l bm
ly tm n cp. Thit b o dng FIA-2301 (Orifice flow meter) s kch hot dng hot
ng ca bm khi lu lng dng qua bm thp hn gi tr cho php bo v bm.
Thi b o LIA-2321, Tank Gaug c lp t bn cha v n bo mc LAHH2321 s kch hot ng van u vo (SDV-2321) bn cha khi mc bn cao hn gi tr
cho php, n bo mc (LALL-2321, Level Alarm) ng u ra (SDV-2322) v t ng
kch hot dng bm khi mc bn thp hn gi tr ci t. Ba bn cha LPG V-21A/B/C
c ng knh 3.350mm v di 54.610mm l dng bn nm ngang c thit k cha
LPG. Bn c th tch l 450m3 (theo thit k V-21A dng cho propane, V-21B dng cho
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Butane, V-21C dng cha sn phm khng t cht lng, tuy nhin V-21A v V-21B c
th lu tr Bupro trong ch hot ng MF cng nh cc sn phm khng t cht
lng trong trng hp cn thit). V mt thit k ba bn cha ny ging ht nhau v
c thit k vi p sut l 17.5BarG tng ng vi p sut hi propane 500C, v
vy bt c bn no cng c th c s dng nh l bn cha sn phm propane ha
lng.
Cc PV-2401A/B/C c tc dng iu chnh p sut ca bn cha khng vt qu
set point bng cch x mt lng hi trong bn ra uc t. Cc van an ton PSV240A/B/C bo v bn khi hin tng qu p.
7.3. H thng np LPG cho xe bn (Truck Loading).
Cc bm xut LPG P-21A/Bc cng sut 70m3/h, chiu cao ct p 61.2m nc,
c chy bi ng c in c cng sut 15kw dng xut LPG cho xe bn t cc bn
cha sn phm. Bm P-21A/B l loi bm ng n cp, p sut lm vic c thit k
sao cho p ng vic xut LPG qua trm xut ME-21 (LPG Loading station). Thit b o
dng FIA-2402, Orifice flow meter s dng hot ng ca bm P-21A/B khi lu lng
dng qua bm thp hn gi tr dng min (trong thit k ca bm).
7.4. Sn phm khng t cht lng:
Bm P-22 c cng sut 40m3/h, chiu cao ct p 591.5m, chy bng ng c in
75 kw c nhim v bm cc sn phm khng t cht lng t bn cha v li C-01
ti ch trnh t b sn phm.
7.5. Cc h thng bo v an ton
7.5.1. H thng uc t.
H thng uc t c thit k t b kh i ra t nh my thng qua cc van
an ton, van iu p Ton b kh x ra c thu gom vo ng thu gom (flare header)
c ng knh 20 inch sau c a n bnh tch lng V-51, Flare K.O Drum. V-51
c ng knh 3.100mm, di 8.200mm, l bnh nm ngang c tc dng loi b tan b
cht lng b cun theo trc khi a ra t ti uc t ME-51, Flare Stack. uc t c
ng knh 30 inch, cao 70m, cng sut 212 tn/h trong trng hp hot ng khng lin
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tc v 77.2 tn/h trong trng hp hot ng lin tc. B nh la bng in c lp t

to ra ngn la t kh, v thit b ny c theo di nh ba u d la BSL2701A/B/B, c lp t trn nh ca ct uc.
Cht lng thu c trong bnh V-51 c chuyn i bng bm P-51A/B Flare K.O
Drum Pum (cng sut l 10m3/h, p sut l 77m nc chy bng ng c in c cng
sut 11kw) n hm t burn pit. Bm P-51 t ng khi ng khi tn hiu bo mc H1
t thit b ch mc cht lng trong bnh LIA-2701, Drum Liquid Level Indicator kch
hot, nu mc cht lng tng cao hn th tn hiu bo mc H2 t LIA-2701 s kch hot
a c hai bm vo hot ng. C hai bm s dng hot ng khi c tn hiu L kch hot.
n bo mc (LALL-2701, Level Alarm) s kch hot dng vo v bm trong
trng hp mc thp v LAHH 2701 s kch hot ng van u vo nh my ESDV101, Plant Intel Valve khi mc V-51 cao hn gi tr ci tThit b gia nhit E-52,
Closed Drain Heater c nhim v gia nhit cho cht lng
ln 550C bng du nng tch t trong V-51 nhm bay hi trit cc hydrocacbon
nh trc khi thi ra burn pit.
7.5.2. H thng x kn.
H thng x kn c thit k loi b cht lng i ra t nh my v c a
vo gia nhit bay hi mt phn hydrocacbon nh trc khi t b burn pit. Ton b
cht lng c thu gom vo trong ng ng 12 inch v c chuyn n thit b trao
i nhit E-52 (closed drain heater) gia nhit dng lng ln 55C, sau a v bnh
tch V-51. Kh c a ra uc t b, lng tch ra c bm P-51A/B a v burn
pit. Cng sut ti a ca burn pit l 8.9 m3/h.
7.6. H thng ph tr:
7.6.1. H thng kh cng c
H thng c nhim v kh v sch iu khin cc van, ngoi ra cn cung cp
kh ph tr cho nh my. H thng kh cng c bao gm 2 my nn kh K-61 A/B, 2 my
lm kh kh M-61 A/B v cc bnh cha kh cng c V-61, bnh cha kh ph tr V-62.

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Mt cm my nn kh K-61 bao gm b lc kh u vo, b gim thanh, phn nn piton

dn ng bng ng c in, thit b lm mt v thit b tch kh ngng t.
Mt cm lm kh kh M-61 bao gm b lc kh u vo, b lm lnh, thit b tch
kh ngng t v b lc kh u ra. u tin hng u ca h thng l cung cp kh cng c
cho h thng iu khin do khi p sut ca h thng kh iu khin xung thp hn
700 kPaG th van PCV-5101 v PCV-5201 s ng dng cung cp kh cho phn kh
ph tr v sn xut nit.
Cc thng s thit b ca h thng:
My nn kh K-61 A/B: My nn piston 2 cp khng s dng du bi trn. p
sut x: 1000 kPaG. Nhit kh u ra: 51C. Cng sut: 675 Nm3/h mi my
My lm kh kh M-61 A/B: thit b lm lnh. p sut u ra: 930 kPaG. Nhit
im sng u ra: 4oC. Cng sut: 675 Nm3/h
Bnh cha kh cng c: p sut vn hnh: 930 kPaG. Nhit vn hnh: 51C.
ng knh 2,4 m x chiu cao 7,5 m
Bnh cha kh ph tr: p sut vn hnh: 1000 kPaG. Nhit vn hnh: 51C.
ng knh 1,8 m x chiu cao 4,8 m
7.6.2. H thng sn xut kh Nit
Nit c s dng lm lp m cho bn cha Hotoil V-31, bn cha Methanol V25, lm sch flare header v cung cp cho cc im trong nh my phc v cng tc
bo dng. H thng sn xut kh Nit bao gm: my iu ch Nit (ME-62) v bnh
cha kh Nit (V-63). My iu ch Nit (ME-62) gm thit b tch m, b lc, thit b
gia nhit khng kh v mng lc. Mng lc s dng tch v thu hi Nit t khng kh
bng cch cho khng kh i qua mng lc trong khi cc phn t Nit b gi li.
My iu ch Nit: Loi: mng lc. Cng sut: 100 Nm3/h. tinh khit: 99%
Bnh cha Nit: p sut vn hnh: 700 kPaG. Nhit vn hnh: 51C. ng
knh 2,4 m x chiu cao 7,5 m

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7.6.3. H thng Hot oil

Nhit nng s dng trong cc qu trnh gia nhit ca nh my c cung cp bi
h thng du nng. H thng bao gm 3 thit b gia nhit du nng H-31 A/B/C, bn
cha du nng V-31, cm lc du nng F-31 A/B v 3 my bm P-31 A/B/C. Du
Thermia Oil B c tun hon bi mt my bm P-31 trong ch AMF & MF hoc 2
my bm trong ch GPP. Cc bm khng hot ng s ch d phng. Cng sut
ca mi bm l 270 m3/h. Khi p sut du nng cung cp ti cc heater thp, tn hiu
interlock PSL-5402 s kch hot bm d phng (t ng). Tuy nhin do cng sut khi
ng ca mi bm ln nn c kh nng gy qu ti h thng in v vy hin ti chc
nng t ng khi ng bm P-31 ang tm thi khng kch hot. Khi dng du nng ti
cc heater thp, cc tn hiu FALL-5503/5603/5703 s kch hot dng cc heater bo
v. Cc cng tc nhit cng c lp t ti u ra ca cc heater ng h thng
iu khin u t khi cn thit.
Nhit du nng hi lu thay i theo ti ca cc ch v tng ng l 203C
cho AMF, 171C cho MF v 163C cho GPP (c th khc nu ti thay i). Nhit
du nng cung cp th lun c c nh khong 260C bi cc loop iu khin TIC5505/5605/5705. Van iu khin nhit trn ng kh nhin liu chnh c h tr bi
van iu p PCV-5502/5602/5702) m bo kh nng vn hnh n nh ca h thng
u t. Cc heater c thit k vi cng sut 47.52 GJ/h.
Cc thng s ca h thng Hotoil trong cc ch chun l:

Mi heater bao gm khu vc bc x v khu vc i lu. Khu vc bc x c 46

ng dn xp thnh 2 lp vi chiu di mi ng l 12.015 m. Khu vc i lu c 64 ng
c chiu di 3.71 m mi ng. Mi heater c 6 u t loi thi nng NO X thp v vn
hnh bng kh nhin liu. Cc u t c h thng nh la t ng bng in. Bn cha
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hot oil l ni cha du nng trc khi lun chuyn vo h thng n nh qu trnh gin
n nhit ca du nng. Mt cng tc bo v mc du thp (LSLL-5402) s dng cc my
bm P-31 bo v.
Bn cha du nng V-31: p sut vn hnh: 150 ~ 250 kPaG. Nhit vn hnh:
163 ~ 230C. ng knh 2200 mm x chiu cao 7500 mm
Bm du nng tun hon P-31 A/B/C: Chnh p: 630 kPa. Cng sut: 270 m3/h
B lc du nng: Cng sut 50 m3/h. Kh nng tch: 99% cc ht kch thc t 10
micron tr lean
Thit b gia nhit H-31 A/B/C: Loi: gia nhit trc tip. Cng sut: 47.52 GJ/h
7.6.4. H thng kh nhin liu
Cc thit b s dng kh nhin liu bao gm:
- My pht in chy kh G-71 A/B/C
- Gia nhit du nng: H-31 A/B/C
- Kh mi cho Flare ME-51
- Kh mi cho Burnpit ME-52
- ng c ca my nn K-01 A/B
- ng c ca my nn K-02/03
- ng c ca my nn K-1011 A/B/C/D
H thng kh nhin liu bao gm thit b gia nhit E-41 v bnh tch V-41 thit k
p sut ti a l 500 kPaG. E-41 c thit k tng nhit kh nhin liu ln trn
im sng. Kh nhin liu c ly t nhnh trc phn nn ca CC-01 trong ch
vn hnh bnh thng. Khi phi khi ng h thng sau khi dng nh my th kh nhin
liu c ly t u ra ca V-08. Ngoi ra thun li cho qu trnh khi ng li 1
ngun kh nhin liu khc c tch ra t ng kh thng phm u ra nh my.

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Ti V-41 c 2 van iu khin p sut c lp t m bo tin cy ca h

thng quan trng ny. Trong trng hp 1 van b tc do hydrate th van cn li vn hot
ng. Gi tr ci t cho 2 van ny ln lt l 350 kPaG cho PIC-5802A v 300 kPaG
cho PIC-5802B. Methanol c th s dng trong trng hp c van b tc do hydrate.
Trc khi khi ng ch AMF, nh my s khng c kh nhin liu. Ngun
in cho nh my c cung cp bi my pht diesel G-72. Sau khi khi ng, ngun
in chuyn sang t my pht chy kh G-71 A/B/C v G-72 s dng d phng hoc
cho trng hp khn cp. Lng ngng t trong V-41 s c x ra h thng close drain
qua b iu khin mc.
Thit b gia nhit E-41: Loi: double pipe. Cng sut: 0.059 x 1.1 MW. p sut
vn hnh: 3100 kPa. Nhit vn hnh: 45C
Bnh tch V-41: p sut vn hnh: 350 kPaG. Nhit vn hnh: 20C. ng
knh 700 mm x chiu cao 1900 mm.
7.6.5. H thng nc lm mt
Lu lng nc lm mt cn phi s dng ca cc thit b: CC-01: 20 m3/h. K-04
A/B: 1.8 m3/h. K-61 A/B: 16 m3/h. P-31 A/B/C: 1.82 m3/h
H thng nc lm mt l h thng tun hon kn vi qut lm mt E-61, 2 my
bm P-63 A/B v bn cha nc lm mt V-64. Thit b trao i nhit E-61 c 2 qut
vn hnh. Nc lm mt c bm P-63 a qua cc thit b s dng ti qut lm mt v
hi lu v V-64. Nc lm mt c b sung t h thng nc sinh hot chung. Lu
lng tun hon c hin th bi FI-5901 v iu chnh bng ng bypass vi PCV5901. Nhit nc cp ra v tun hon v c hin th bi TI-5901/5902. Trong
trng hp p sut u ra thp (di 400 kPaG) th bm P-63 d phng s t ng c
kch hot. Cc thng s ca thit b nh sau:
Qut lm mt E-61: Cng sut 1.74 x 1.1 GJ/h. Nhit vo: 51C. Nhit ra:
45C
Bm nc lm mt P-63A/B: Chnh p: 440 kPa. Cng sut: 70 m3/h

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Bn cha nc lm mt V-64: p sut vn hnh: p sut kh quyn. ng knh

1500 mm x chiu di 3800 mm
7.6.6. H thng x l nc nhim du
Nc ma khng nhim bn t cc b mt sch ngoi khu vc thit b s c a
ra mng nc v thi ra ngoi khu vc nh my. Nc nhim du c gom vo b
tch du trng lc API Y-71. Nc thi c tch ra s c bm nc thi P-75 A/B
a qua b lc Coalescer V-74 lm sch du bm theo 1 ln na sau a ra cng
vi nc khng nhim du.
Du t b gt vng du trong Y-71 s chy sang b cha du V-71. T y du
c thu gom ra thng mang i x l hoc c th a bng P-74 ra burnpit t (hn
ch). H thng c thit k vi cng sut 40m3/h nc nhim du (dng lin tc)
B tch du API Y-71: Kch thc: 4200mm Di x 3600 mm Ngang x 3650 mm
Su
B cha du V-71: Kch thc: 1500mm Di x 1100 mm Ngang x 3200 mm Su
B cha nc V-3: Kch thc: 4200mm Di x 2400 mm Ngang x 4500 mm Su
Coalescer V-74: Cng sut: 40 m3/h.. sch: 15ppm du u ra
Bm du P-74: Loi: Ly tm ng. Chnh p: 350 kPa. Cng sut: 4 m3/h
Bm nc P-75 A/B: Loi: Ly tm ng. Chnh p: 350 kPa. Cng sut: 20 m3/h
7.6.7. H thng nc
Nc c s dng vi cc mc ch: Sinh hot, b sung nc cu ha, b sung
nc lm mt, cung cp cho cc cng tc bo dng.
H thng nc bao gm bn cha TK-61, bm nc lm mt b sung P-62 A/B.
Trong qu trnh vn hnh bnh thng nc t ngun nc bn ngoi nh my a thng
ti cc im s dng m khng vn hnh P-62 A/B. P-62 A/B c s dng ch trong
trng hp bt thng khi ngun nc t bn ngoi nh my khng hot ng.

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Bn cha nc TK-61: Kch thc: 5700 mm ng knh x 4500mm Cao

Bm nc lm mt b sung P-62 A/B: Chnh p: 490 kPa. Cng sut: 15 m3/h
7.6.8. H thng bm Methanol
Methanol c s dng nh l cht c ch chng to hydrate trong cc h thng
lm lnh ti nh my. Ngoi ra methanol cn c tc dng loi b mt s hydrate to
thnh. Methanol c np vo bnh cha V-52 (ng knh 750 mm, cao 3.500mm). Th
tch bnh cha l 1.5m3 tng ng vi th tch m h thng hot ng lin tc trong
20h. Nit c a vo nhm mc nh gi p sut cho V-52 v trnh hin tng r r
cho methanol. Van PCV-3001 c ci t 100 KpaG, v van PCV-0302 c ci t
150 KpaG. Van an ton PSV-3001 c thit k p sut 350 KpaG.
H thng bm methanol P-25A/B/C l cc bm pittong c cng sut 13 lt/h, p
sut u x 11500 KpaG c nhim v bm cht lng t bn V-25 a vo cc u
phn phi. Mi h thng bm c bo v khi s qu p bng cc van an ton. C 3
ng ng phn phi methanol chnh, mt cung cp cho E-14, mt cung cp cho E20, v ng cn li cung cp cho cc im cn li. Cc ng ng phn phi c
bo v qu p nh cc van an ton c ci t p sut 13900 KpaG.
7.6.9. H thng cht to mi:
Cht to mi c bm vo sn phm bupro thng qua h thng cht to mi ME28. H thng cht to mi bao gm cc thit b iu khin, cc bm mng chy bng kh
nit, cc thit b o v bn cha. Mc ch ca cht to mi l pht hin s r r
LPG. Cht to mi l cc mercaptan c bm vo sn phm vi lu lng t 40-60
ppm. Cng sut ca h thng bm l 500 gallon tng ng vi lu lng dung cho 20
ngy hot ng lin tc.

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CHNG IV
CHUYN I CH VN HNH
I. AMF SANG MF:
1.1. Tm tt s thay i dng chy:
DNG

AMF

Dng kh n

MF
Dehydration

Dng kh n

Jet Compressor E-14, E-20

Kh V-03 n

Rectifier

Kh nh Deethanizer n

Jet Compressor K-01

Nhit y Deethanizer

194oC

120oC

p sut Deethanizer

20 BarA

29 BarA

Lng t V-03 vo mm nhp liu

Mm th 14

Mm th 20

Lng y thp Deethanizer n

E-04, cond P/L

Stabilizer

Deethanizer

Trnh t vn hnh:
Khi ng Stabilizer bao gm thay i iu kin vn hnh Deethanizer.
Dng ra t y thp Deethanizer s chuyn vo stabilizer, dng y stabilizer
n nh s chy n off-spec bullet.
Thay i im phn phi kh t Slug Catcher Liquid Flash Drum (V-03) t
Rectifier n Deethanizer
Khi ng h thng Dehydration
Thay i dng kh t Jet Compressor n E-14, E-20

Kh nh Deethanizer t Jet Compressor n K-01 (bao gm khi ng K-

01).
1.2. Kh V-03 n Deethanizer: Do kh t Slug Catcher Liquid Flash Drum (V-03)
c cha nc v vy nu a n thp Rectifier dn n vic tch nc khng hon ton,
nn kh s c chuyn n Deethanizer. y l s chun b cho qu trnh tch nc.

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1.3. Khi ng h thng Dehydration:

Trc khi khi ng MF, i hi phi lm kh h thng nu khng hydrate c th
hnh thnh bn trong thit b khi vn hnh ch MF.
1.4. Khi ng stabilizer:
Vic xc lp ch vn hnh n nh cho thp chng ct s tn thi gian, do
vic lm n nh s tin hnh vi dng hi lu ton b trc khi bt u thu nhn sn
phm lng, iu ny s lm gim lng sn phm khng t cht lng.
1.5. Kh t Jet Compressor n E-14, E-20:
Bng cch thay i dng kh chy qua E-14, E-20, vic thu hi cht lng bng t
lm lnh c th tht s bt u.
1.6. Kh nh Deethanizer i n K-01 (khi ng K-01):
p sut vn hnh Deethanizer c iu khin bi K-01 29 barA. K-01 s khi
ng mt p sut thp. Khi p sut ca Deethanizer khong 25 barG v nhit kh
nh l di 20oC, K-01 s khi ng trnh vic t thi kh nh Deethanizer.

II. MF SANG GPP:

2.1. Tm tt s thay i dng chy:
DNG

MF

GPP

Dng kh n

E-20

Expander/compressor

Kh t V-03 n

C-01

K-03

Khi ng K-02/K-03

K-02/K-03

Kh ra ca Gas Stripper

K-02/K-03 ht

Lng V-03 n

E-04

E-08

Kh ra K-01 n

Kh thng phm P/L Gas Stripper

Lng y Gas Stripper

E-04

Kh ra ca Gas Stripper

Kh thng phm P/L

Lng nh Stabilizer n Lng P/L

C3/C4 Splitter

Trnh t vn hnh:
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Khi ng C3/C4 Splitter

Khi ng Gas Stripper, iu khin dng ra K-01 v V-03.
Khi ng K-02/K-03
Thay i kh V-03 t C-01 sang K-03

Dng kh thay i t E-20 sang Expander/Compressor CC-01.

2.2. Khi ng thp C3/C4 Splitter:

S mt 1 khong thi gian thp chng ct hot ng n nh, do cn n nh
bng cch hon lu ton b dng trc khi thu sn phm lng, vic ny s gim lng
sn phm khng t yu cu.
2.3. Khi ng Gas Stripper, iu khin dng ra K-01 v V-03:
Khi ng Gas Stripper bng cch chuyn i dng lng ra V-03: t E-04 sang E08 v chuyn i dng ra K-01: t ng kh thng phm sang Gas Stripper. Kh ra t
Gas Stripper s a vo ng ng dn kh thng phm trc khi khi ng K-02 v K03.
2.4. Khi ng K-02/K-03:
Chuyn dng kh ra Gas Stripper : t ng kh thng phm vo K-02, sau
kh s c nn v trn vi dng vo ca nh my, nh vy s tng cng thu hi dng
lng.
2.5. Chuyn kh V-03 sang K-03:
S phn phi kh V-03 phi c chuyn t Deethanzer sang K-03, tng s thu hi
lng
2.6. Dng kh chuyn t E-20 sang Expander/ Compressor CC-01:
Ti giai on cui ca ch , Expander/Compressor s khi ng. S thu hi lng
s t cc i.

III. GPP SANG MF:

Trong thc t, vic chuyn t ch GPP sang MF c thc hin khi K-01/K02/CC-01 shutdown.
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3.1. Tm tt s thay i dng chy:

Dng

GPP

MF

Dng kh n

Expander/Compressor E-20

Kh V-03 n

K-03

Deethanizer

K-02/K-03

Chy

Dng

Kh ra ca Gas/Stripper Ht K-02/K-03

ng kh thng phm

Lng y Stabilizer n C3/C4 Splitter

Liquid P/L

C3/C4 Splitter

Dng

Vn hnh

Trnh t vn hnh:
Dng kh thay i t Expander/Compressor n E-20
Thay i kh V-03 t K-03 n Deethanizer
Dng K-02/K-03
Dng C3/C4 Splitter
Cc th t 2, 3, 4 trong trnh t vn hnh khng bt buc hoc khuyn co. Ch
trong trng hp yu cu t bit dng K-02/K-03 hoc C3/C4 Splitter th c th c
tin hnh.
3.2. Thay i dng kh t Expander/Compressor n E-20:
Dng kh chnh c chuyn i t Expander/Compressor (CC-01) n E-20.
3.3. Thay i kh V-03 t K-03 n Deethanizer v dng hot ng K-02/K-03:
S vn hnh ny khng bt buc hoc khuyn khch. C th tin hnh ch trong
trng hp t bit yu cu dng K-02/K03 nh khi bo dng. Khi , kh t Gas
Stripper s c phun vo ng kh thng phm.
3.4. Dng thp C3/C4 Splitter:
S vn hnh ny khng bt buc hay khuyn khch. C th tin hnh ch trong
trng hp t bit yu cu dng C3/C4 Splitter nh khi bo dng. Gi p sut ca
C3/C4 Splitter nh c cho ln khi ng sau.

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IV. MF SANG AMF:

4.1. Tm tt s thay i dng chy:
DNG

MF

Dng kh n

E-14,E-20

AMF
Jet compressor

Kh t nh thit b tch etan n K-01( x kh)

Jet compressor

Kh t V-03 n

Thit b tch etan

Rectifier

Dng kh n

Thit b tch nc

Nhit y thit b tch etan

1200C

1900C

p sut thit b tch etan

29 barA

20 barA

a nhp liu lng V-03

20

14

Dng y thit b tch etan n

Stabilizer

E-04, cond P/L

Trnh t vn hnh:
Dng kh thay i t E-14, E-20 n Jet Compressor (Kh t nh thit b tch etan thay
i t ng t K-01 n Compressor)
Dng Stabilizer
Dng h thng tch nc
Thay i kh t V-03 t deethanizer n Rectifier.
Nhng hot ng (2) (3) (4) khng bt buc cng khng c ngh. Ch trong
trng hp yu cu t bit dng Stabilizer hoc Dehydrator, nhng hot ng bn
di mi c thc hin.
4.2. Lu lng kh thay i t E-14, E-20 n Jet Compressor:
Dng kh chnh c thay i t E-14, E-20 n Jet Compresor, v vy K-01 c th
c dng bo dng. Nu K-01 ng trc khi ch ny hot dng, kh t nh
Deethanizer s c x t b.
4.3. Dng Stabilizer:

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Hot ng ny khng yu cu hoc khng c ngh. Ch trong trng hp yu

cu c bit dng stabilizer nh bo tr thit b, hot ng ny mi c thc hin.
Thay i iu kin hot ng ca Deethanizer c lin quan.
4.4. Dng h thng tch nc:
Hot ng ny khng yu cu hoc khng c ngh. Ch trong trng hp yu
cu c bit dng h thng tch nc nh bo tr thit b, hot ng ny mi c
thc hin.
4.5. Thay i kh t V-03 t Deethanizer n Rectifier:
Hot ng ny khng yu cu hoc khng c ngh. Mc ch gim kh x t
v nng sut ca Jet Compressor khng th cho vic vn hnh ht nng sut.

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CHNG V: AN TON TRONG QU TRNH

VN HNH V SN XUT TI NH MY
I. B PHN PHNG CHY CHA CHY:
1.1. Mc tiu:
Xc nh hin trng mi trng ca khu vc thc thi n da trn vic xem xt cc ti
liu v kt qu nghin cu, bao gm vic nh gi cc c trng ha l v sinh hc trong khu
vc n v khu vc ph cn.
nh gi cc tc ng mi trng c th xy ra v cc ri ro s b do vic thc thi n v
a ra nhng bin php gim thiu hn ch tc ng mi trng theo nhng yu cu nu
trong lut bo v mi trng, lut du kh Vit Nam cng nh lut du kh quc t.
1.2. An ton chy n
1.2.1. Pht hin nguy c chy n
Cc nguy c gy ra chy n c pht hin nh cc u cm bin: cm bin kh, cm bin
nhit, cm bin khi, cm bin la. Cc u cm bin nhit, khi b tr trong phng iu khin,
nh t my pht in, trm bm v cc cng trnh ph tr khc ca nh my. Cc b cm bin
kh, la b tr quanh cc thit b cng ngh; cc b cm bin cn b tr trn cng phn vng
kim sot c th v trc tip gim st nguy c chy n trong vng . Cc tn hiu thu c t
cc u cm bin c truyn v v th hin trn panel iu khin ca h thng phng chng
chy n ca phng iu khin trung tm. Panel iu khin t ng x l cc tn hiu cm bin
ny xc nh vng c nguy c chy n ng thi thc hin cc lnh sau:
Nh my c thit k h thng bo chy, h thng cha chy v h thng pht hin kh
(F&G). H thng ny lin kt vi h thng dng khn cp ESD m bo an ton cho Nh my.
H thng pht hin chy, r r kh gm:

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u d la:

51 ci

u d nhit:

23 ci

u d khi:

28 ci

u d kh:

90 ci

n chp:

09 ci

Ci bo ng:

02 ci

u d lng:

01 dy

- ng van c lp vng chy n v x

kh ra uc t.
- M van x nc, CO2 hoc bt vo
vng c chy n

Hnh 5.1. H thng my pht hin chy, r r kh

- T ng kch hot my bm cha chy, khi p lc dng thp.

- Bo ng bng ci, n chp vng c chy n v phng iu khin.

Hnh 5.2. B tr ng ng phng chy cha chy trn bn cha LPG

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1.2.2. H thng cha chy

H thng cha chy bng nc c thit k cha chy bao gm: b cha nc 2800
m3, h thng ng dn nc cu h, cc tr vi phun nc, cc bm cu ha.
H thng cha chy bng CO2 gm h thng iu khin t ng kch hot bng ng ng
v h thng phn b bnh cha chy CO2 p sut 158 bar ti cc v tr thit yu.
Bnh cha nit vi p sut 20 bar dng iu khin m cc vn ca h thng CO2 thc
hin vic cha chy theo vng.
H thng ng ng, van v cc vi phun, khi c chy n xy ra cc van trn t kch hot
panel iu khin v vic cha chy c thc hin t ng.
Cha chy bng bt c thit k cha chy cho bn cha condensate, h thng ny
gm mt bnh cha cht to bt, h thng ng ng dn, v cc vi phun.
Hnh 5.3. H thng cha chy c nh
H thng cha chy c nh

gm:

01 bn nc cu ha

dung

tch 2750 m3 bn trong

Nh

my, 01 b nc dung

tch

300 m3 bn ngoi Nh

my.

H thng bm nc

cu

ha: 03 my bm. Phn

phi

nc cho cc tr nc

cha

chy (Hydrant), cc

sng

phun monitor, h thng

phun

sng (Water Spray)

02 bm chnh P-71

A/B:

Cng sut 340

m3/h/my.
01 Bm b p P-73:

Cng

sut 30 m3/h.

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Tr nc cha chy (Hydrant): 22 tr c b tr xung quanh nh my, cch nhau

khong 50m 80m. Mi tr nc cha chy c hp 1 lng A v 2 cun vi

Sng phun monitor: 05 ci b tr ti khu vc cng ngh v trm nn u vo.

Cc hp ng lng, vi cha chy: 24 hp (48 cun vi, 24 lng) c b tr theo tng

khu vc thit b trong nh my
H thng phun sng

(Water

Spray): c kch

hot

thng qua h thng

van x

nc t ng Deluge

Valve

(10 ci).

H thng phun bt cha

chy ti

bn Condensate:
Bn cha foam dung tch

1516 lt,

02 lng phun.
Thi gian phun x bt l

55 pht

vi mt 4,1l/m2/p.
p sut trong ng ng

lun

c duy tr t 10 12

Barg;

H thng cha chy t

ng

bng kh CO2 loi 45 kg:

79 bnh

ti khu vc Nh my pht, Trm Dinh C, Scada.

H thng cha chy t ng bng bnh bt dng treo (26 bnh loi 8kg) ti kho ha cht
v kho du m.

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Hin GPP ang ci to, xy dng h thng cha chy bng nc thay cho h thng cha
chy bng CO2 ti khu vc trm Dinh C c.
H thng cha chy di ng gm:
Nh my c trang b 01

xe

cha chy cng y cc

trang

b v phng tin: Lng,

vi,

foam, km theo trc

PCCC

24/24;
Cc bnh cha chy bng

bt loi

xe y:32 bnh (loi:158kg,

50kg,

45kg, 35kg, 22.7kg)

Hnh 5.4. H thng cha chy di ng
Cc bnh cha chy bng bt loi xch tay: 82 bnh (loi: 9kg, 8kg, 6kg).
Cc bnh cha chy CO2 xch tay: 34 bnh (loi:9kg, 7kg, 5kg, 3kg).
02 xe Foam di ng dung tch 100 lt/xe;

01 my bm TUHATZU V75 cng sut 123m3/h

1.2.3. H thng chng st: gm cc b phn
- Cc ct thu li,
- Mng li tip t,
- H thng cc tip t.
1.2.4. R r v x l
Khi xy ra r r nhanh chng x l cc ngun c th bt la khu vc ln cn v ng van

h thng cung cp kh.

H thng thng gi c tc dng khuch tn kh cng vi lng nit cn thit vo mi
trng, lm gim nng v ngn cn s tp trung tch t ca kh.

II. NI QUY AN TON P DNG TI NH MY

Nhng bin bo cn lu khi vo nh my
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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Hnh 5.5. H thng bin bo an ton bo h lao ng

2.1. Ni quy ra vo
Khng phn s min vo,
- Khi vo phi c Giy php do BG n v lin quan cp,
- Khi vo phi eo ph hiu v c bo h lao ng y ,
- Khng em theo cc vt dng, vt liu c kh nng gy la nh: v kh, dim qut, ha
cht, in thoi di ng, my nh, my quay phim, thit b in, ng c,
- Cm ht thuc v cc hot ng to la,
- Khng t do i li
- Khng t tin tc ng vo thit b
- Mi hot ng phi theo hng dn ca cn b vn hnh
2.2. Ni quy xe ra vo
- Khng cho cc loi xe c ng c vo
- Trng hp bt buc phi cho xe vo, cn tun th cc quy inh sau:
C Giy php do BG n v lien quan cp.
Li xe phi trnh by r mc ch a xe vo.
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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Tnh trng ca xe m bo an ton giao thng v an ton phng chy cha chy.
Xe c np chp dp tn la ti ng x.
Tt in i, radio v cc thit b in t khc trn xe.
Trn xe khng mang theo dim qut, cc vt liu hoc dng c c kh nng nh la
hoc gy chy n.
2.3. Ni quy phng chy cha chy
- Khng ht thuc v cc hot ng gy la.
- Khng em theo cc vt dng, vt liu c kh nng gy la nh: v kh, dim qut, ha
cht, in thoi di ng, my nh, my quay phim, thit b in, ng c,
- Khng i giy inh
- Nm bt hiu lnh bo ng va cc li thot nguy him.
2.4. Ni quy lm vic
- Tun th ni quy ra vo.
- C giy chng nhn qua hng dn an ton v BHL do Phng AT-CL cp.
- Khng ht thuc, khng nu nng.
- Khng lm mt v sinh mi trng.
- Khng ung ru hoc dng cht kch thch trong khi lm vic.
- Khng u , khng nh bi, chi c hoc nm ng trong gi lm vic.
- Khng lm vic ring hoc t b v tr lm vic.
- Mi cng vic nguy him u phi c quy trnh v giy php lm vic.
- Ngi thc hin cng vic phi tun th quy trnh k thut v cc yu cu trong giy php
duyt.
- Trang b bo h lao ng y v eo ph hiu khi lm vic.
- Khng c nhim v tuyt i khng t tin tc ng vo h thng.
- Nu thy nguy c khng an ton hoc c s c, tai nn phi cp bo ngay cho cp trn
hoc cn b vn hnh.
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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

CHNG V: KT LUN
Tri qua gn 1 thng thc tp ti Nh my x l kh Dinh C, chng em c mt s
nhn xt nh sau:
- V mt t chc lao ng v qun l hnh chnh: h thng qun l tinh gn, s
lng lao ng ti nh my c b tr mt cch ph hp m bo ch vn hnh lin
tc ca nh my 24/24 vi 4 ca vn hnh v 4 tp bo v v trang, tng s lao ng ca
nh my hn 99 ngi, c xe a n cn b nhn vin t Thnh ph Vng Tu n ni
lm vic ca nh my ti huyn Long in, tnh B Ra Vng Tu, cch Thnh ph hn
30 km.
- V mt cng ngh v thit b: vi 3 ch vn hnh chnh, m bo nh my lun
hot ng lin lin tc 24/24, nu c s c xy ra tng cm thit b, th h thng x kh
qua uc t c thc hin v ngi k s vn hnh s tin hnh c lp, v thay i ch
vn hnh ty vo tng c im tnh hnh c th. Mi hot ng ca cc thit b u
c thit b cm bin tip nhn tnh hiu v truyn tnh hiu in v phng iu khin
thng qua cc panel iu khin ngi k s vn hnh c hng x l v kim sot tnh
trng hot ng ca cc thit b, cng nh hot ng chung ca nh my.
- V an ton lao ng v phng chng chy n: nh my lun t yu cu cao v an
ton lao ng v phng chng chy n. Mi nhn vin k s vn hnh ca nh my v
khch vo nh my u c ph bin cc qui nh v an ton lao ng trc khi vo nh
my, tuyt i cm mang in thai di ng, my chp hnh v cc vn dng c kh nng
gy la v nh my. Vo mi bui sng th 2 u tun, cc k s phng iu khin
lun kim tra h thng PCCC v ci bo m bo chc rng h thng lun trong tnh
trng sn sng.

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78

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

PH LC:
CC NGUYN TC AN TON CHUNG
KHI LM VIC VI LPG
I CC NGUYN TC AN TON CHUNG KHI LM VIC VI LPG
1. Cc c tnh an ton ca LPG

LPG l mt cht rt d chy v c th n khi hn hp vi khng kh

LPG th kh hi nng hn khng kh, dng kh LPG c th lan xa, tip xc vi

cc ngun la v lan ngc tr li bn hoc chai cha

LPG c th t li trong khng gian kn gy nguy c cao v n v c

Khi cha trong cc bnh v bn kn, LPG thng tn ti dng kh ha lng, khi
hp th nhit t bn ngoi (nh nng, nhit t ngn la, cc ngun nhit khc) ,p
sut bn trong bn hoc chai s tng ln c th gy nguy him cho thit b v con
ngi

2. Cc nh hng ca LPG i vi sc khe

2.1 Cc nh hng ca LPG ln h h hp
nng thp di 0,1% kh LPG khng phi l cht c hi.
nng di 1% LPG khng gy ra triu chng c bit no
Nng LPG cho php lm vic lu di l 0,25%
Nng kh LPG trn 1% c th gy ra chong nh sau vi pht, tuy nhin khng gy
kch thch r rt ln mi v hng
LPG l cht gy ngt. Nng LPG qu cao c th chim ch ca Oxy trong khng
kh v gy ngt. S thiu oxy bt u xy ra khi nng Oxy thp hn 18%.
Cc triu chng khi thiu oxy:
T 12 - 16%: th gp
t 10 - 14%: cm gic mt mi bt thng, ri lon cm xc
t 6 - 10%: nn i v mt kh nng t ch
di 6%: co git v suy h hp, c th dn n t vong
2.2 Cc nh hng ca LPG ln da:
LPG th kh khng c nh hng ln da
LPG lng phun ra di p sut c th gy hin tng bng lnh. Nu bng nh c th
gy t cng, au nhi nh kim chm v nga vng da b bng. Nu bng nng s c

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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

cm gic chy rt, da b bt trng hoc c mu vng. Vng da b bng b phng gip v
c th b hoi th.
2.3 Cc nh hng ca LPG ln mt:
LPG dng hi khng gy cay mt.
LPG lng bn vo mt c th gy ng bng ti mt v gy m
2.4 Cc nh hng khc:
Ngi ta khng ghi nhn c cc nh hng khc, c th LPG khng gy ung th,
khng nh hng n kh nng sinh sn v khng nh hng n thai nhi
3. Cch x l cc tai nn khi tip xc vi LPG
3.1 Nu c ngi b chong khi lm vic trong mi trng LPG:

Ngi vo cp cu phi mang y mt n phng c

Nhanh chng a ngi b nn ra ni thong kh

Thc hin thao tc h hp nhn to nu nn nhn b ngng th

Thng bo ngay cho nhn vin y t

3.2 Nu b LPG lng phun vo da:

Nhanh chng a ngi b nn ra ngoi, dng nc nh ln vng da b bng

cho n khi ht LPG. Cm lm nng, lau hay phun kh nng ln vng da b bng

Nh nhng g (hoc ct ) b qun o v qun nh quanh vng b bng bng bng

vi tit trng

a ngi b nn n trm y t gn nht

3.3 Nu b LPG lng phun vo mt:

Nhanh chng a ngi b nn ra ngoi, dng nc nh ln mt cho n khi

ht LPG. Cm lm nng, lau mt.

Bng c hai mt bng bng vi tit trng

a ngi b nn n trm y t gn nht

II. AN TON TRONG VN HNH H THNG CHU P LC

1.Khi nim chung
Cc h thng chit np, s dng LPG l cc h thng kn, cha LPG bo ha di p
sut cao nhit mi trng. T c th thy hai mi nguy him chnh lin quan n
h thng LPG l:
H thng lun c p sut, khi p lc ca mi cht vt qu kh nng chu lc ca bn
cha, ng ng s gy ra n v
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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

LPG cha bn trong h thng l mi cht c kh nng chy n cao, khi xy ra s c n

hoc r r, LPG thot ra ngoi c th gy ra chy, n dy chuyn rt nguy him
Chnh v vy, i vi h thng LPG, cc bin php m bo an ton tp trung vo:

Cc bn cha (bn c nh, xitec, chai cha) v h thng ng phi c thit k,

lp t, nh k nghim th m bo chu c p sut mi cht vi h s an
ton ln nht c th

Qu trnh vn hnh phi thng xuyn theo di, pht hin ngay cc nguy c n v,
r r x l kp thi.

Khu vc lm vic phi m bo khng c cc ngun gy tia la, c thng gi

tt trnh LPG t li to thnh hn hp n vi khng kh

2. Cc s c lin quan n h thng chu p lc

2.1 S c n v: Phn loi: c th phn ra lm hai loi n v
Nt : xy ra vi tc chm khi trn h thng xut hin vt nt lm phun mi cht ra
ngoi.
N: xy ra vi tc rt nhanh, h thng b ph hy thnh cc mnh nh v to ra cc
sng n. Va p ca cc mnh bn v sc p ca sng n trong khng kh s gy ra tai
nn cho con ngi v thit b c bit trong cc khng gian kn.
i vi mi cht chy n nh LPG vic mt lng ln mi cht thot ra ngoi thng
to ra cc hin tng chy n km theo.
2.1.1 Nguyn nhn:
Mi cht bn trong h thng hp th nhit lm p sut tng cao. iu ny c bit nguy
him i vi h thng cha LPG, khi hp th nhit LPG lng s bay hi rt nhanh, do s
chnh lch v th tch gia phn lng v phn hi (1 lt propan lng bay hi 15 o C s
to thnh 270 lt kh ) p sut s tng cao nht l khi h thng cha y LPG lng.
Do khng kh lt vo to thnh hn hp n bn trong h thng. i vi h thng LPG
s c ny hay xy ra khi np kh ln u hoc thng thi khi sa cha.
p sut h thng khng tng tuy nhin bn cha, chai v ng ng b yu i do n
mn, va p, khuyt tt
Hin tng thy kch: Trong h thng ng ng LPG hin tng thy kch xy ra khi
dng cht lng b chn li tc thi. Dng cht lng chy bn trong ng c qun tnh ca
n, khi b chn li mt cch tc thi (v d nh c van chn no b ng li mt cch
t ngt) lc qun tnh ca dng cht lng s chuyn thnh lc sc (sc thy lc) dng
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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

sng, truyn ngc li pha sau gy v ng. Khi xy ra hin tng thy kch, ng s b
rung v c ting ku bt thng.
2.S c r r:
Cc nguyn nhn gy nn s c r r bao gm:

R r do cc mi ni c tnh trng k thut km:

c thit k khng ng quy cch: mi loi mi ni ph hp vi mt iu kin

nht nh, vic la chn khng ng loi mi ni s lm tng nguy c r r. Ni
chung tt c cc mi ni c th tho c u c nguy c r r cao, v vy ngi ta
hn ch sao cho s lng mi ni loi ny trn h thng ng l nh nht, dng cc
mi ni bng hn cc v tr c th.

Xit khng cht

Mi ni ren, mt bch b lng ra do rung lc trong qu trnh s dng. Hin tng
rung lc khng ch lm lng cc mi ni m cn c th lm cho cc van kha b
m ra mt cch bt thng

Bn cha, ng ng b nt, thng do va chm, n mn, mi mn, do cc khuyt

tt bn trong kim loi.

Do bi bn bm vo b mt np van, mt bch

Do p sut tng qu cao lm cc van an ton m

Do cc sai st trong vn hnh

3. Cc bin php bo m an ton

H thng phi c thit k mt cch ph hp :
Mt s im ng lu :
i vi cc bn cha t c nh:

p sut thit k cc bn cha LPG khng c nh hn 17 bar vi chiu dy tng

thm d phng n mn t nht l 1 mm

Trn bn cha phi c cc c cu an ton cn thit, c th:

Trn ng np lng phi c 1 van mt chiu v 1 van chn

ng cp lng ra phi c van ng nhanh khn cp v mt van ng ngt trc

tip pha ngoi. Gas lng thng c np vo khoang hi

Bn phi c trang b van an ton c kch thc ph hp vi din tch xung

quanh ca bn

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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Trn bn phi c t nht mt dng c o mc lng, dng c o mc lng cao nht

v mt p k

H thng cc van ng khn cp phi c kh nng ng bng tay t xa cng nh

ti im vn hnh v t ng ng khi c tn hiu bo la, r r t cc u d kh

Mi bn phi c t nht hai v tr ni vo h thng tip t chng st v chng tnh

in. in tr tip t phi nh hn 10 Ohm

i vi xe bn:
Bn cha t trn xe c yu cu thit k nh i vi bn cha c nh, ngoi ra cn thm
mt s yu cu b sung:

Lng lng np vo bn khng c vt qu 90% dung tch bn

Nu dung tch bn ln hn 10.000 lt, bn phi c mt hoc nhiu vch ngn .

Dung tch mi khoang khng c vt qu 7500 lt

Khi thit k bn, ngoi p sut cht lng ly bng 17 bar, ngi ta cn phi tnh
ti c ti trng ng ca xe

Bn cha bt buc phi c nhit k

Xe bn phi c dy ni t

i vi cc ng :
Trn cc ng hi v ng lng, gia 2 van chn phi c van x an ton c p sut t
bng 80% p sut th ca h thng.
Hin ti, cha c tiu chun Vit nam v p sut thit k cho h thng ng, c th tham
kho quy nh ca M (NFPA 58 iu 3-2.10.2) nh sau:

ng c p sut cao hn p sut ca bn (ng nhp lng, ng y ca bm lng)

thit k p sut 24 bar

ng lng khng ni vi u y ca bm, cc ng hi lm vic p sut ln hn

9 bar (ng hi ni vi bn pha trc van gim p) thit k p sut 17 bar

ng hi lm vic p sut nh hn 9 bar (pha sau van gim p) thit k p sut

9 bar

H thng phi c kim tra, theo di mt cch thng xuyn kp thi pht hin
cc khuyt tt, c bin php x l bo dng kp thi.
Trm np phi c k hoch quy nh chi tit cng tc kim tra, bo dng nh k tt c
cc thit b trong trm m bo iu kin an ton. Sau y l mt s lch biu mang
tnh gi
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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

i vi cc thit b ph tr:
Tn thit b

Bin php kim tra, bo dng

Thi gian

Cc van ng khn Kim tra kh nng lm vic

thc hin
Hng tun

cp
H thng nc

Chy th, kim tra m bo h thng c th ti

Hng qy

ti lm mt

ton b din tch b mt cc bn. Sa cha v thay th

cc vi phun b tc hoc b hng

Kim tra kh nng lm vic
Cc thit b bo r Kim tra kh nng lm vic

Hng nm
Theo yu cu

r (Gas detector)

ca nh ch
to

H thng bn cha, thit b np, ng ng

Hng mc kim tra

Bin php kim tra, bo dng

Kim tra thng xuyn

Kim tra pht hin cc hin tng h hng r r

(S dng danh mc cu

sa cha kp thi

hi kim tra)
Kim tra hng thng

Kim tra m bo cc van kha tnh trng k

Thi gian thc

hin
Hng ngy

Hng thng

thut tt (tay van ng m nh nhng, khng c r

r, n mn trn thn van, mt bch, mi ni) . Kim
tra van an ton (l thot nc khng b tc, l xo v
van khng b n mn) . Kim tra tnh trng n
mn ca ng ng Kim tra cc u np pht
Kim tra hng nm

hin cc biu hin h hng, n mn hay x h.

Kim nh li p k, nhit k . Kim tra kh nng

Hng nm

lm vic ca h thng bo ng khi mc lng qu

cao. Kim tra bng mt tnh trng k thut bn.
Kim tra tnh trng k thut ca nn mng, chn
bn
Khm xt ton b cc bn Kim tra bn trong, bn ngoi. Siu m kim tra

3 nm/ln(do c

v h thng ng

chiu dy

quan ng kim

Khm xt ton b v th

Kim tra bn trong, bn ngoi. Siu m kim tra

thc hin)
6 nm/ln(do c

thy lc cc bn v h

chiu dy. Th thy lc

quan ng kim

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84

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

thng ng

thc hin)

Qu trnh vn hnh phi m bo cc nguyn tc an ton c bn khi lm vic vi

LPG.

Cch ly LPG khi tt c cc ngun la trn v cc ngun gy tia la.

Trong qu trnh sang chit, s dng cc chai, bn cha cn c ni t trnh

in tch tnh in c th gy tia la

Khu vc c LPG phi c bin bo cm la, cm ht thuc

Lun gi cho khu vc lm vic sch s, khng c cc vt liu d chy

Yu cu c bn i vi khu vc tn tr v np kh LPG:

Phi c thng gi tt, h thng thng gi phi l loi khng gy tia la trong
qu trnh hot ng.

H thng in phi m bo y cc yu cu v phng n v v an ton

Li i li v cc ca thot him phi thong, khng c cc vt chn

Phi lp t cc thit b bo la v bo r r

Yu cu c bn khi s dng chai LPG:

S dng s lng LPG t nht c th. Chai phi t trong khu vc c thng gi
tt

Khi khng s dng, chai phi c nt bo v van

Chai phi c t v tr ng, c kp cht chng ng.

Khng m van chai khi tay c du, m

Dng van gim p ph hp.

Thit b s dng ga phi l loi ph hp, m bo cc yu cu an ton.

Ch m van chai bng tay, khng s dng bt k dng c no khc m.

Thng xuyn kim tra tnh trng chai kp thi pht hin cc du hiu mp
mo, r st, r r. Khng s dng chai nu pht hin cc biu hin h hng

Lun gi van chai sch s, c bit l khng c nc v du m

Khi s dng kh, lun m hon ton van chai

Khng chai b ri, va p vo cc vt rn

Khng nm vo tay van khi nhc chai

li mt t kh sau khi dng chai ( ngi np chai c th nhn bit loi kh)

Khng s dng chai vo bt k mc ch no khc (nh lm con ln, bc k v.v.)

Trang b thit b PCCC

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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Mt s im cn ch : Khi np LPG t tu vo bn (theo quy nh ca NFPA58)

Trong vng bn knh 30,5 m t cu tu khng c c cc phng tin vn ti

khc, cc thit b in cm tay, bnh cha kh nn, cha cht chy

Ch nhng ngi c trch nhim c mt trong khu vc nhp ga

Khi xut ga cho xe bn:

Xe phi hng v pha c ng thot thch hp (m bo cho xe khng phi

li khi thot i), ci phanh, ngt cng tc, ct c quy v chn bnh xe trc khi
giao hng.

Phi ni t dy ni t ca xe trc khi ni ng.

Ngi li xe hoc ngi chu trch nhim giao nhn hng khng c i ra ngoi
trong sut thi gian giao hng

Phi lun lun c ngi trng coi xe trong qu trnh np

Phi m bo rng thit b np, xe bn tnh trng k thut tt trc khi np.

ng nay van np khi mc np cn thit. Khi theo di mc np bng thit b

bo mc lng ti a (fixed liquid gauge), cn thc hin quy trnh sau:

Phi mang gng tay bo h khi vn hnh thit b bo mc lng ti a

M vt xem lng trn thit b bo mc lng ti a khi bn np c khong 50%

sc cha. Khi thy lng thot ra t thit b bo mc lng ti a, ng ngayvan
np.

ng kn vt xem lng

Phi thc hin ng quy trnh x e trc khi np v x kh trong ng mm sau khi
np

Nu sau khi ngt ng mm m vn thy ga thot ra t ng np ca xe tc l van mt

chiu gn trn xe bn b hng. Bin php x l nh sau:

Ni ng mm tr li, np thm mt cht lng dng dng mi cht lm sch van

mt chiu. Nu van vn khng kn, dng nt bt kn u np ca xe. Thng bo
cho ngi c trch nhim x l

Trc khi kt thc cng vic phi tin hnh kim tra m bo van bn c
kha, ng mm c bo qun cn thn, cc thit b in c ngt khi
ngun v.v.

Khi np ga vo chai:

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Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

Ch np kh vo cc chai t cc yu cu an ton, khng c np kh vo cc chai

c cc biu hin sau:

C biu hin h hng c hc: phng, mp, vt xc, vt c v.v.

C hin tng b n mn

Tnh trng chn , tay xch khng m bo

Tnh trng van khng tt

Ch v s ng trn chai khng ng hoc khng r

Chai qu thi hn khm nghim

Chai c biu hin b nh hng ca ha hon

Np theo ng trng lng quy nh

Sai s np cho php nh sau:

Loi chai Sai s np (kg)

6 -7 kg
+0,1/-0 kg
9 - 13 kg
+0,2/-0 kg
T 45 kg
+0,4/-0 kg
Ngng nay qu trnh np nu pht hin cc hin tng bt thng hay cc h hng
gy ra r r kh trong h thng.

Chai sau khi np phi c kim tra li v:

- Trng lng np.
- kn

Khi x l cc chai qu y hoc khng m bo kn khng c x trc tip ra

ngoi tri m phi c h thng thu hi kh.

Cc nguyn tc an ton khi lm vic bn trong cc bn cha:

Trc khi lm vic phi c giy php lm vic c ch k ca ngi c trch

nhim

Trong qu trnh lm vic phi c ngi canh chng bn ngoi bn vi y thit

b th nhn to. Gia ngi lm vic bn trong v bn ngoi bn phi c phng
tin lin lc thch hp.

Cc dng c, phng tin lm vic bn trong bn phi l loi khng pht sinh
tia la. n chiu sng phi l loi phng n c in p khng qu 12V.

Phi phn tch khng kh trc khi lm vic. C th tham kho bng sau y v
cc yu cu i vi thnh phn kh khi lm vic bn trong bn:

Cc iu kin ca mi trng bn trong bn T l oxy trong khng kh bn trong

Trn Quc Ti

87

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Phn trm kh chy so vi gii hn

Bo co thc tp

> 20%

bn
Nh hn 19,5%

Ln hn hoc bng

Khng c vo

19,5 %
Khng c vo

chy di (%LFL)
T 11% C th chui vo bn Mang thit b th khi
n 20% vi thit b th. Ch cn thit phi chui
thc hin cc thao
T 2%

vo bn kim tra

tc kim tra
C th chui vo bn C th chui vo bn

n 10% vi thit b th. Ch vi thit b th. Ch

thc hin cc thao

thc hin cc thao

tc sa cha, bo tr tc sa cha, bo tr
khng gy tia la

khng gy tia la

(cold work)
(cold work)
Nh hn C th chui vo bn Khng cn thit b
2%

vi thit b th. C th khi chui vo bn.

th thc hin tt c C th thc hin tt
cc thao tc bo tr, c cc thao tc bo
sa cha (hot work tr, sa cha (hot
v cold work)

Trn Quc Ti

88

work v cold work)

Nh my x l kh Dinh C

Bo co thc tp

DANH MC TI LIU THAM KHO

Ting Vit:
[1] Tp on du kh quc gia Vit Nam (Vng Tu, 9/2007). Tng cng ty kh
Qu trnh hnh thnh v pht trin (1980 2007).
[2] Nguyn Th Minh Hin (2006). Cng ngh ch bin kh t nhin v kh ng
hnh. Nh xut bn khoa hc v k thut.
[3] Thc s Kiu nh Kim - Tng cng ty xng du Vit Nam (2005). Cc sn
phm du m & ha du. Nh xut bn khoa hc v k thut.
[4] D n gio dc k thut v dy ngh VTEP H Ni (2008). Gio trnh cc
thit b du kh.
[5] Thc s Nguyn Hong Minh - i hc Cng nghip Tp. H Ch Minh (2007).
Gio trnh cng ngh ch bin kh.
Ting Anh:
[6] Samsung Engineering Co. Ltd. and NKK Corporation. Operating Manual to be
applied to the Gas Processing Plant at Dinh Co of the Vietnam Gas Utilization
Project for GPMB and PetroVietnam, Job. No. ML-1200.

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89