Don Dieu Ham So 6361

Nguyn Ph Khnh - Lt Cc vn lin quan Hm s lp 12
Tnh n iu ca hm s
5

TM TT L THUYT
1. nh ngha :
Gi s K l mt khong , mt on hoc mt na khong . Hm s f xc nh trn K c gi l
ng bin trn K nu vi mi
( ) ( )
1 2 1 2 1 2
, , x x K x x f x f x < <
Nghch bin trn K nu vi mi
( ) ( )
1 2 1 2 1 2
, , x x K x x f x f x < >
2. iu kin cn hm s n iu :
Gi s hm s f c o hm trn khong I
Nu hm s f ng bin trn khong I th
( )
' 0 f x vi mi x I
Nu hm s f nghch bin trn khong I th
( )
' 0 f x vi mi x I
3. iu kin hm s n iu :
nh l 1 : nh l v gi tr trung bnh ca php vi phn (nh l Lagrange):
Nu hm s f lin tc trn ; a b (

v c o hm trn khong
( )
; a b th tn ti t nht mt im
( )
; c a b
sao cho
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
' f b f a f c b a =

nh l 2 :
Gi s I l mt khong hoc na khong hoc mt on , f l hm s lin tc trn I v c o hm ti
mi im trong ca I ( tc l im thuc I nhng khng phi u mt ca I ) .Khi :
Nu
( )
' 0 f x > vi mi x I th hm s f ng bin trn khong I
Nu
( )
' 0 f x < vi mi x I th hm s f nghch bin trn khong I
Nu
( )
' 0 f x = vi mi x I th hm s f khng i trn khong I
Ch :

v c o hm
( )
' 0 f x > trn khong
( )
; a b th hm s f ng bin
trn ; a b (


v c o hm
( )
' 0 f x < trn khong
( )
; a b th hm s f nghch
bin trn ; a b (

TNH N IU CA HM S


Tnh n iu ca hm s
6
CC BI TON C BN

V d 1:

Xt chiu bin thin ca cc hm s :

Gii :
( )
3 2
1
) 3 8 2
3
a f x x x x = +
Hm s cho xc nh trn .
Ta c
( )
2
' 6 8 f x x x = +
( )
' 0 2, 4 f x x x = = =
Chiu bin thin ca hm s c nu trong bng sau :
x 2 4 +
( )
' f x + 0 0 +
( )
f x +

Vy hm s ng bin trn mi khong
( )
; 2 v
( )
4; + , nghch bin trn khong
( )
2; 4
( )
2
2
)
1
x x
b f x
x

Hm s cho xc nh trn tp hp
{ }
\ 1 .
Ta c
( )
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2 2
1 1
2 2
' 0, 1
1 1
x
x x
f x x
x x
+
+
= = >

x 1 +
( )
' f x + +
+ +
( )
f x

( )
3 2
1
) 3 8 2
3
a f x x x x = +
( )
2
2
)
1
x x
b f x
x

( )
3 2
) 3 3 2 c f x x x x = + + +
( )
3 2
1 1
) 2 2
3 2
d f x x x x = +

Tnh n iu ca hm s
7
Vy hm s ng bin trn mi khong
( )
;1 v
( )
1; +
( )
3 2
) 3 3 2 c f x x x x = + + +
Ta c
( ) ( )
2
2
' 3 6 3 3 1 f x x x x = = + = +
( )
' 0 1 f x x = = v
( )
' 0 f x > vi mi 1 x
V hm s ng bin trn mi na khong
(
; 1(

v
)
1; +
nn hm s ng bin trn .
Hoc ta c th dng bng bin thin ca hm s :
x 1 +
( )
' f x + 0 +
( )
f x +
1

V hm s ng bin trn mi na khong
(
; 1(

v
)
1; +
nn hm s ng bin trn .
( )
3 2
1 1
) 2 2
3 2
d f x x x x = + Tng t bi ) a

V d 2:

Gii :

( )
3 2
) 2 3 1 a f x x x = + +
Ta c
( )
2
' 6 6 f x x x = +
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
' 0, ; 1 , 0; f x x f x > + ng bin trn mi khong
( )
; 1 v
( )
0; + .
( ) ( ) ( )
' 0, 1; 0 f x x f x < nghch bin trn khong
( )
1; 0 .
Ngoi ra : Hc sinh c th gii
( )
' 0 f x = , tm ra hai nghim 1, 0 x x = = , k bng bin thin ri kt
lun.
Xt chiu bin thin ca cc hm s :
( )
3 2
) 2 3 1 a f x x x = + +
( )
4 2
) 2 5 b f x x x =
( )
3 2
4 2
) 6 9
3 3
c f x x x x = +
( )
2
) 2 d f x x x =

Tnh n iu ca hm s
8
( )
4 2
) 2 5 b f x x x =
Ta c
( )
3
' 4 4 f x x x =
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
' 0, 1; 0 , 1; f x x f x > + ng bin trn mi khong
( )
1; 0 v
( )
1; + .
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
' 0, ; 1 , 0;1 f x x f x < nghch bin trn mi khong
( )
; 1 v
( )
0;1 .
Ngoi ra : Hc sinh c th gii
( )
' 0 f x = , tm ra hai nghim 1, 0, 1 x x x = = = , k bng bin thin ri
kt lun.
( )
3 2
4 2
) 6 9
3 3
c f x x x x = +
Ta c
( ) ( )
2
2
' 4 12 9 2 3 f x x x x = + =
( )
3
' 0
2
f x x = = v
( )
' 0 f x < vi mi
3
2
x
V hm s nghch bin trn mi na khong
3
;
2
| (
(
\
v
3
;
2
|
+
|

nn hm s nghch bin trn .
( )
2
) 2 d f x x x =
Hm s cho xc nh trn 0; 2 (

.
Ta c
( ) ( )
2
1
' , 0;2
2
x
f x x
x x

( ) ( ) ( )
' 0, 0;1 f x x f x > ng bin trn khong
( )
0;1
( ) ( ) ( )
' 0, 1; 2 f x x f x < nghch bin trn khong
( )
1; 2
Hoc c th trnh by :
( ) ( ) ( )
' 0, 0;1 f x x f x > ng bin trn on 0;1 (

( ) ( ) ( )
' 0, 1; 2 f x x f x < nghch bin trn on 1; 2 (

V d 3:

Gii :
D thy hm s cho lin tc trn on 0; 2 (

v c o hm
( )
2
' 0
4
x
f x
x
= <
vi mi
( )
0;2 x . Do hm s nghch bin trn on 0; 2 (

.

Chng minh rng hm s
( )
2
4 f x x = nghch bin trn on 0; 2 (


Tnh n iu ca hm s
9
V d 4:

Gii :

1.
Ta c
( )
2
' 3 1 sin f x x x = + +
V
2
3 0, 1 sin 0, x x x x + nn
( )
' 0, f x x . Do hm s ng bin trn .

2 . Hm s cho xc nh trn .
Ta c
( ) ( )
' 2 sin2 1 0, f x x x = + v
( )
' 0 sin2 1 ,
4
f x x x k k
= = = +
Hm s nghch bin trn mi on
( )
; 1 ,
4 4
k k k

(
+ + +
(

. Do hm s nghch bin trn
.

V d 5:

Gii :

Hm s cho xc nh trn khong
( )
0; 2 v c o hm
( ) ( )
' cos , 0; 2 f x x x = .
( ) ( )
3
' 0, 0; 2 ,
2 2
f x x x x

= = =
x 0
2

3
2
2
( )
' f x + 0 0 +
( )
f x 1 0
0 1

Hm s ng bin trn mi khong 0;
2
| |
|
\
v
3
; 2
2

| |
|
\
, nghch bin trn khong
3
;
2 2
| |
|
\
.

1. Chng minh rng hm s
( )
3
cos 4 f x x x x = + ng bin trn .
2 . Chng minh rng hm s
( )
cos 2 2 3 f x x x = + nghch bin trn .
Tm khong n iu ca hm s
( )
sin f x x = trn khong
( )
0; 2


Tnh n iu ca hm s
10
V d 6:

Gii :
Xt hm s
( )
sin tan 2 f x x x x = + lin tc trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

.Ta c :
( ) ( )
2
2 2
1 1
' cos 2 cos 2 0, 0;
2 cos cos
f x x x x f x
x x
| |
= + > + >
|
\
l hm s ng bin trn
0;
2
|
|

v
( ) ( )
0 , 0;
2
f x f x
| |
>
|
\
hay sin tan 2 , 0;
2
x x x x
| |
+ >
|
\
.

NG DNG O HM TRONG CC BI TON I S

V d 1:

Gii :
t
2
sin ; 0 1 t x t = .
Khi phng trnh
( )
5 5
81
* 81 (1 ) , 0;1
256
t t t ( + =

Xt hm s
5 5
( ) 81 (1 ) f t t t = + lin tc trn on 0;1 (

, ta c:
4 4
'( ) 5[81 (1 ) ],t 0;1 f t t t ( =

4 4
81 (1 )
1
'( ) 0
4
0;1
t t
f t t
t
= =

Lp bng bin thin v t bng bin thin ta c:
1 81
( ) ( )
4 256
f t f =
Vy phng trnh c nghim
2
1 1 1
sin cos 2 ( )
4 4 2 6
t x x x k k Z
= = = = + .

Chng minh rng : sin tan 2 , 0;
2
x x x x
| |
+ >
|
\
.

Gii phng trnh :
( )
10 10
81
81sin cos *
256
x x + =


Tnh n iu ca hm s
11
V d 2:

Gii :
2 2
1. 3 (2 9 3) (4 2)( 1 1) 0 (1) x x x x x + + + + + + + =
Phng trnh (1)
( )
2 2
3 (2 ( 3 ) 3) (2 1)(2 (2 1) 3) (2) x x x x + + = + + + +
t 3 , 2 1, , 0 u x v x u v = = + >
Phng trnh (1)
2 2
(2 3) (2 3) (3) u u v v + + = + +
Xt hm s
4 2
( ) 2 3 , 0 f t t t t t = + + >
Ta c
( )
3
4 2
2 3
'( ) 2 0, 0
3
t t
f t t f t
t t
+
= + > >
+
ng bin trn khong
( )
0; + .
Khi phng trnh (3)
1
( ) ( ) 3 2 1
5
f u f v u v x x x = = = + =
Vy
1
5
x = l nghim duy nht ca phng trnh.

Ch :
Nu hm s
( )
y f x = lun n iu nghim ngoc ( hoc lun ng bin hoc lun nghch bin ) th
s nghim ca phng trnh :
( )
f x k = s khng nhiu hn mt v
( ) ( )
f x f y = khi v ch khi
x y = .

2
tan
2. os =2 , - ;
2 2
x
e c x x
| |
+
|
\

Xt hm s :
2
tan
( ) os
x
f x e c x = + lin tc trn khong - ;
2 2
x
| |
|
\
. Ta c
Gii phng trnh :
2 2
1. 3 (2 9 3) (4 2)( 1 1) 0 x x x x x + + + + + + + =
2
tan
2. osx=2 , - ;
2 2
x
e c x
| |
+
|
\
.
3. 2003 2005 4006 2
x x
x + = +
3
4. 3 1 log (1 2 )
x
x x = + + +

Tnh n iu ca hm s
12
2
3
2
3
tan
tan
2
1 2e os
'( ) 2 tan . sin sin
cos os
x
x
c x
f x x e x x
x c x
| |
|
= =
|
\

V
2
3 tan
2 2 os 0
x
e c x > >
Nn du ca '( ) f x chnh l du ca sinx . T y ta c ( ) (0) 2 f x f =
Vy phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht 0 x = .

3. 2003 2005 4006 2
x x
x + = +
Xt hm s : ( ) 2003 2005 4006 2
x x
f x x = +
Ta c: '( ) 2003 ln2003 2005 ln2005 4006
x x
f x = +
2 2
''( ) 2003 ln 2003 2005 ln 2005 0 "( ) 0
x x
f x x f x = + > = v nghim
( )
' 0 f x = c nhiu nht l mt nghim . Do phng trnh
( )
0 f x = c nhiu nht l hai nghim
v
( ) ( )
0 1 0 f f = = nn phng trnh cho c hai nghim 0, 1 x x = =
Ch :
Nu hm s
( )
y f x = lun n iu nghim ngoc ( hoc lun ng bin hoc lun nghch bin )
v hm s
( )
y g x = lun n iu nghim ngoc ( hoc lun ng bin hoc lun nghch bin ) trn
D , th s nghim trn D ca phng trnh
( ) ( )
f x g x = khng nhiu hn mt.
Nu hm s
( )
y f x = ) c o hm n cp n v phng trnh
( )
( ) 0
k
f x = c m nghim, khi
phng trnh
( 1)
( ) 0
k
f x
= c nhiu nht l 1 m + nghim

3
4. 3 1 log (1 2 )
x
x x = + + +
1
2
x >
Phng trnh cho
( )
3 3 3
3 1 2 log (1 2 ) 3 log 3 1 2 log (1 2 ) *
x x x
x x x x x + = + + + + = + + +
Xt hm s:
3
( ) log , 0 f t t t t = + > ta c
( ) ( )
1
' 1 0, 0
ln3
f t t f t
t
= + > > l hm ng bin
khong
( )
0; + nn phng trnh
( ) ( )
* (3 ) (1 2 ) 3 2 1 3 2 1 0 * *
x x x
f f x x x = + = + =
Xt hm s:
2
( ) 3 2 1 '( ) 3 ln3 2 "( ) 3 ln 3 0
x x x
f x x f x f x = = = >

Tnh n iu ca hm s
13
( ) 0 f x = c nhiu nht l hai nghim, v
( )
(0) 1 0 f f = = nn phng trnh cho c hai
nghim 0, 1 x x = = .

V d 3:

Gii :
iu kin
2
3 2 0 1 2 x x x x +
t
2
3 2, 0 u x x u = +
Phng trnh
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
1
3 3
1 1
* log 2 2 log 2 .5 2, 0 * *
5 5
u
u
u u u
| | | |
+ + = + + =
| |
\ \

Xt hm s :
( ) ( )
2
3
1
log 2 .5
5
u
f u u
| |
= + +
|
\
lin tc trn na khong
)
0; +
, ta c :
( )
2
'
1 1
( ) 5 . ln5.2 0, 0
( 2)ln3 5
u
f u u u f u
u
= + >
+
ng bin trn na khong
)
0; +
v
( )
1 2 1 f u = = l nghim phng trnh
( )
* * .
Khi
2 2
3 5
2
3 2 1 3 1 0
3 5
2
x
x x x x
x
+ = + =
+
=
tho iu kin.
V d 4:

Gii phng trnh :
( )
( )
2
3 1
2
3
1
log 3 2 2 2 *
5
x x
x x

| |
+ + + =
|
\

Gii h phng trnh :
1.
2 3 4 4 (1)
2 3 4 4 (2)
x y
y x

2.
( )
( )
3
3
2 1
2 2
x x y
y y x

'
1
=
1
1
!
1
=
1
1+

3.
3 3
6 6
3 3 (1)
1 (2)
x x y y
x y
+ =


Tnh n iu ca hm s
14

Gii :

1.
2 3 4 4 (1)
2 3 4 4 (2)
x y
y x

iu kin:
3
4
2
3
4
2
x
x
'
1
1

1
1
!
1
1

1
1
+
.
Cch 1:

Tr (1) v (2) ta c:
( ) 2 3 4 2 3 4 3 x x y y =
Xt hm s
3
( ) 2 3 4 , ; 4
2
f t t t t
l
l
=
l
l
, ta c:
/
1 1 3
( ) 0, ; 4
2
2 3 2 4
f x t
t t
1

=

( )

(3) ( ) ( ) f x f y x y = = .
Thay x y = vo (1) ,ta c:

2 3 4 4 7 2 (2 3)(4 ) 16 x x x x x = =
2
2
3
9 0
2 2 5 12 9
11
9 38 33 0
9
x
x
x x x
x x
x
=
'
1

1
=
!
1 =
=
1
+

Vy h phng trnh c 2 nghim phn bit
11
3
9
,
3 11
9
x
x
y
y

'
1
1
=
'
1 = 1
1 1
! !
1 1 =
1 1
+
=
1
1
+
.
Cch 2:

Tr (1) v (2) ta c:
( ) ( )
2 3 2 3 4 4 0 x y y x =
(2 3) (2 3) (4 ) (4 )
0
2 3 2 3 4 4
x y y x
x y y x

=

2 1
( ) 0
2 3 2 3 4 4
x y x y
x y y x
1

= =

( )
.
Thay x y = vo (1) ,ta c:
2 3 4 4 7 2 (2 3)(4 ) 16 x x x x x = =
2
2
3
9 0
2 2 5 12 9
11
9 38 33 0
9
x
x
x x x
x x
x
=
'
1

1
=
!
1 =
=
1
+


Tnh n iu ca hm s
15
11
3
9
,
3 11
9
x
x
y
y

'
1
1
=
'
1 = 1
1 1
! !
1 1 =
1 1
+
=
1
1
+
.
2.
( )
( )
3
3
2 1
2 2
x x y
y y x

'
1
=
1
1
!
1
=
1
1+

Cch 1 :
Xt hm s
3 / 2
( ) 2 ( ) 3 2 0, f t t t f t t t = = .
H phng trnh tr thnh
( ) (1)
( ) (2)
f x y
f y x
'
= 1
1
!
1 =
1
+
.
+ Nu ( ) ( ) x y f x f y y x (do (1) v (2) dn n mu thun).
+ Nu ( ) ( ) x y f x f y y x < < < (mu thun).
Suy ra x y = , th vo h ta c
( )
3 2 2
0 1 0 0 1 0. x x x x x v x = = =
Vy h c nghim duy nht
0
0
x
y
'
= 1
1
!
1 =
1
+
.
Cch 2:

Tr (1) v (2) ta c:
3 3 2 2
3 3 0 ( )( 3) 0 x y x y x y x y xy = =

2
2
3
( ) 3 0
2 4
y y
x y x x y
l
1
l

= =

( )
l
l

Th x y = vo (1) v (2) ta c:
( )
3 2
0 1 0 0 x x x x x = = =
Vy h phng trnh c nghim duy nht
0
0
x
y
'
= 1
1
!
1 =
1
+
.
3.
3 3
6 6
3 3 (1)
1 (2)
x x y y
x y
+ =

T (1) v (2) suy ra 1 , 1 x y
(1) ( ) ( ) (*) f x f y =
Xt hm s
3
( ) 3 f t t t = lin tc trn on [ 1;1] , ta c

( )
2
'( ) 3( 1) 0 [ 1;1] f t t t f t = nghch bin trn on [ 1;1]
Do : (*) x y = thay vo (2) ta c nghim ca h l:
6
1
2
x y = = .

V d 5:

Tnh n iu ca hm s
16

Gii :
1.
2
1 1
(1)
2 1 0 (2)
x y
x y
x xy
'
1
1
=
1
1
!
1
1
=
1
1+

iu kin: 0, 0 x y . Ta c:

1
(1) ( ) 1 0
1
.
y x
x y
xy y
x
=
1

=

( ) =

y x = phng trnh
2
(2) 1 0 1 x x = = .

1
y
x
= phng trnh (2) v nghim.
1 1
;
1 1
x x
y y
' '
= = 1 1
1 1
! !
1 1 = =
1 1
+ +
.
Bnh lun:
Cch gii sau y sai:
2
1 1
(1)
2 1 0 (2)
x y
x y
x xy
'
1
1
=
1
1
!
1
1
=
1
1+
.
iu kin: 0, 0 x y .
Xt hm s
/
2
1 1
( ) , \ {0} ( ) 1 0, \ {0} f t t t f t t
t
t
= = .
Suy ra (1) ( ) ( ) f x f y x y = = !
Sai do hm s ( ) f t n iu trn 2 khong ri nhau (c th ( ) ( ) 1 1 0 f f = = ).

2.
3
1 1
(1)
2 1 (2)
x y
x y
y x

Cch 1:
iu kin: 0, 0. x y
Gii h phng trnh :
1.
2
1 1
(1)
2 1 0 (2)
x y
x y
x xy
'
1
1
=
1
1
!
1
1
=
1
1+

2.
3
1 1
(1)
2 1 (2)
x y
x y
y x
'
1
1
=
1
1
!
1
1
=
1
1+


Tnh n iu ca hm s
17
1 1
(1) 0 ( ) 1 0 .
x y
x y x y x y y
xy xy x
1

= = = =

( )

x y = phng trnh (2)
1 5
1 .
2
x x

= =

1
y
x
= phng trnh (2)
4
2 0. x x =
Xt hm s
4 / 3
3
1
( ) 2 ( ) 4 1 0 .
4
f x x x f x x x

= = = =
4
3 3
1 3
2 0, lim lim ( ) 0, 2 0
4 4 4
x x
f f x x x x

1

= = = =

( )

v nghim.

Cch 2:
iu kin: 0, 0. x y
1 1
(1) 0 ( ) 1 0 .
x y
x y x y x y y
xy xy x
1

= = = =

( )

x y = phng trnh (2)
1 5
1 .
2
x x

= =

1
y
x
= phng trnh (2)
4
2 0. x x =

Vi
4
1 2 0 2 0 x x x x < .
Vi
4 4
1 2 0 x x x x x x .
Suy ra phng trnh (2) v nghim.
1 5 1 5
1
2 2
1
1 5 1 5
2 2
x x
x
y
y y
' '
1 1

1 1
= =
1 1 '
= 1
1 1
1 1 1

! ! !
1 1 1 =

1 1 1
+
= = 1 1
1 1
1 1 + +
.

V d 6:

Gii h phng trnh:
1.
2 1
2 1
2 2 3 1
( , )
2 2 3 1
y
x
x x x
x y R
y y y
+ + = +
+ + = +

2.
2 1 2 2 1
3 2
(1 4 )5 1 2 (1)
4 1 ln( 2 ) 0 (2)
x y x y x y
y x y x
+ +
+ = +
+ + + + =


Tnh n iu ca hm s
18
Gii :
1.
2 1
2 1
2 2 3 1
( , )
2 2 3 1
y
x
x x x
x y R
y y y
+ + = +
+ + = +

t 1, 1 u x v y = =
( ) I vit li
2
2
1 3
( )
1 3
v
u
u u
II
v v
+ + =
+ + =

Xt hm s :
( )
2
1 f x x x = + + lin tc x , ta c
( ) ( )
2
2 2 2
1
1 0,
1 1 1
x x
x x x
f x x f x
x x x
+
+ +
= + = >
+ + +
ng bin x .
Nu
( ) ( )
3 3
v u
u u f u f v v u > > > > v l
Tng t nu v u > cng dn n v l

Do h
( )
2 2
1 3 1 3 ( 1 ) (1)
II
u u
u u u u
u v u v

+ + = = +

= =

t:
( )
2
3 ( 1 )
u
g u u u = + lin tc u R , ta c

2 2
2 2
1
'( ) 3 ln3( 1 ) 3 1 3 1 ln3 0,
1 1
u u u
u
g u u u u u u R
u u
| | | |
| |
| | = + + = + >
|
| |
\
+ + \ \

Do
( )
g u ng bin u R v
( )
0 1 0 g u = = l nghim duy nht ca
( )
1 .
Nn
( )
II 0 u v = = . Vy ( ) 1 I x y = =

2.
2 1 2 2 1
3 2
(1 4 )5 1 2 (1)
4 1 ln( 2 ) 0 (2)
x y x y x y
y x y x
+ +
+ = +
+ + + + =

t 2 t x y = . Khi phng trnh (1) tr thnh:
( )
1 4
5[( ) ( ) ] 1 2.2 *
5 5
t t t
+ = +
Xt
( )
1 4
5[( ) ( ) ]
5 5
t t
f t = + ,
( )
1 2.2
t
g t = +
D thy :
( )
1 4
5[( ) ( ) ]
5 5
t t
f t = + l hm nghch bin v
( )
1 2.2
t
g t = + l hm ng bin
v
( ) ( )
1 1 5 1 f g t = = = l mt nghim ca
( )
* . Do
( )
* c nghim duy nht 1 t = .
1 2 1 2 1 t x y x y = = = + khi :
( )
3 2
(2) 2 3 ln( 1) 0 * * y y y y + + + + + =

Tnh n iu ca hm s
19
Xt hm s
3 2
( ) 2 3 ln( 1) f y y y y y = + + + + + , ta c:
2
2 2
2 2
2 1 2 4 3
'( ) 3 2 3 0 ( )
1 1
y y y
f y y y f y
y y y y
+ + +
= + + = + >
+ + + +
l hm ng bin
v ( 1) 0 f = nn
( )
* * c nghim duy nht 1 y =
Vy nghim ca h l:
0
1
x
y
=
.

V d 7:

Gii :
t:
( ) ( )
2
,
1
t
t
f t e g t
t
= =
lin tc trn khong

( )
1, + , ta c
( ) ( )
' 0, 1
t
f t e t f t = > > ng bin trn khong
( )
1, +
( )
/
3
2
2
1
( ) 0, 1
( 1)
g t t g t
t
= < >
nghch bin trn khong

( )
1, + .
H phng trnh
( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
2007
2007
1
1
2007
2007
1
x
y
y
e
f x g y
y
f x g y f y g x
f y g x x
e
x

+ =

+ = +

+ =

Nu
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
x y f x f y g y g x y x > > < > v l.
Tng t y x > cng v l .
Khi
( ) ( )
2
2
2
2007
2007 0
1
1 2
1
2007
1
x
x
y
y
e
x
e
y
x x
x y
e
x
+ =

= =

Xt hm s:
( )
2
2007
1
x
x
h x e
x
= +
lin tc trn khong

( )
1; + , ta c
Chng minh rng h phng trnh
( )
2
2
2007
1
1
2007
1
x
y
y
e
y
x
e
x

c ng 2 nghim tha mn iu kin
1, 1 x y > >

Tnh n iu ca hm s
20
( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
3 5
2 2
2 2
3 5
2 2
2 2
1 3 3
' 1 , '' 1 .2 0
2
1 1
x x x x
x
h x e e x h x e x x e
x x

= = = + = + >

v
( ) ( )
1
lim , lim
x
x
h x h x
+
+
= + = +
Vy
( )
h x lin tc v c th l ng cong lm trn
( )
1; + .
Do chng minh
( )
2 c 2 nghim ln hn 1 ta ch cn chng minh tn ti
0
1 x > m
( )
0
0 h x < .
Chn
( ) ( )
2
0
2
2 : 2 2007 0 0
3
x h e h x = = + < = c ng hai nghim 1 x >
Vy h phng trnh
( )
1 c ng 2 nghim tha mn iu kin 1, 1 x y > > .

V d 8:

Gii :
1.
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
x
y
x
y
z
y
z
x
z

Gi s x y z > >
Xt hm s :
( )
2
2
1
t
f t
t
=
,xc nh trn
{ }
\ 1 D = .Ta c
( ) ( )
2
2 2
2( 1)
0,
(1 )
t
f t x D f t
t
+
= >
lun ng bin trn D .

Gii h phng trnh sau:
1.
2
2
2
2
1
2
1
2
1
x
y
x
y
z
y
z
x
z

2.
3 2
3 2
3 2
9 27 27 0
9 27 27 0
9 27 27 0
y x x
z y y
x z z
+ =
+ =
+ =


Tnh n iu ca hm s
21
Do :
( ) ( ) ( )
x y z f x f y f z y z x > > > > > > . Mu thun, do iu gi s sai .
Tng t x y z < < khng tho .
Vy x y z = =
H cho c nghim :
( ) ( )
; ; 0; 0; 0 x y z =
2.
3 2
3 2
3 2
9 27 27 0
9 27 27 0
9 27 27 0
y x x
z y y
x z z
+ =
+ =
+ =

3 2 3 2
3 2 3 2
3 2 3 2
9 27 27 0 9 27 27
9 27 27 0 9 27 27
9 27 27 0 9 27 27
y x x y x x
z y y z y y
x z z x z z

+ = = +

+ = = +

+ = = +

Xt hm s c trng :
2
( ) 9 27 27 '( ) 18 27 f t t t f t t = + =
( )
3
'( ) 0,
3
2
'( ) 0 18 27 0
3
2
' 0,
2
f t t
f t t t
f t t
> >
= = =

< <

Hm s ng bin trn khong
3
;
2
| |
+
|
\
v nghch bin trn khong
3
;
2
| |
|
\

Hm s t gi tr nh nht ti
3 3 27
2 2 4
t f
| |
= =
|
\

V
3
2 3
3
3
3 3
27 27 27 3 3 2
4
( ) 9 27 27
3 3
4 4 4 2
4
2
4
x
f t x x y y
z
>
+ >

>

Vy , , x y z thuc min ng bin, suy ra h phng trnh
( )
( )
( )
f x y
f y z
f z x
l h hon v vng quanh.

Khng mt tnh tng qut gi s
3 3
( ) ( ) x y f x f y y z y z
3 3
( ) ( ) f y f z z x z x
x y z x x y z = =
Thay vo h ta c:
3 2
9 27 27 0 3 x x x x + = = .
Suy ra: 3 x y z = = =
V d 9:

Gii h phng trnh :
1.
3 2
3 2
3 3 ln( 1)
3 3 ln( 1)
x x x x y
y y y y z
+ + + =
+ + + =


Tnh n iu ca hm s
22

Gii :
3 2
3 2
3 2
3 3 ln( 1)
1. 3 3 ln( 1)
3 3 ln( 1)
x x x x y
y y y y z
z z z z x
+ + + =
+ + + =
+ + + =

H phng trnh c dng :
( )
( )
( )
f x y
f y z
f z x
.
Ta gi s
( )
; ; x y z l nghim ca h. Xt hm s
3 2
( ) 3 3 ln( 1), f t t t t t t R = + + + .
Ta c:
( )
2
2
2 1
'( ) 3 3 0,
2 1
t
f t t t f t
t t
= + + >
+
l hm ng bin t R .
Gi s:
{ }
max ; ; x x y z = th ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) y f x f y z z f y f z x = = = =
Vy x y z = = . V phng trnh
3 2
2 3 ln( 1) 0 x x x x + + + =
Xt hm s
( )
3 2
2 3 ln( 1), g x x x x x x R = + + + , hm s
( )
g x ng bin trn R v
( )
1 0 g = , do phng trnh
( )
0 g x = c nghim duy nht 1 x = .
Do h cho c nghim l 1 x y z = = = .

2
3
2
3
2
3
2 6 log (6 )
2. 2 6 log (6 )
2 6 log (6 )
x x y x
y y z y
z z x z
+ =
+ =
+ =


Tnh n iu ca hm s
23
H cho
3
2
3
2
3
2
log (6 )
2 6
( ) ( )
log (6 ) ( ) ( )
2 6
( ) ( )
log (6 )
2 6
x
y
x x
f y g x
y
z f z g y
y y
f x g z
z
x
z z
+
=
= =

+
=

Xt hm s
3
2
( ) log (6 ) ; ( ) , ( ; 6)
2 6
t
f t t g t t
t t
= =
+

Ta c
( )
( )
1
'( ) 0, ( ; 6)
6 ln3
f t t f t
t
= <
nghch bin trn khong ( ; 6) v

( )
( )
3
2
6
'( ) 0, ( ; 6)
2 6
t
g t t g t
t t
= >
+
ng bin trn khong ( ; 6) .
Ta gi s
( )
; ; x y z l nghim ca h th x y z = = thay vo h ta c:
3
2
log (6 ) 3
2 6
x
x x
x x
= =
+

Vy nghim ca h cho l 3 x y z = = = .

Ch :H HON V VNG QUANH:
nh ngha: L h c dng:
1 2
2 3
1
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
.................
( ) ( )
n
f x g x
f x g x
f x g x
(I)
nh l 1: Nu , f g l cc hm cng tng hoc cng gim trn A v
1 2
( , ,..., )
n
x x x l nghim ca h
trn A th
1 2
...
n
x x x = = =
nh l 2:Nu , f g khc tnh n iu trn A v
1 2
( , ,..., )
n
x x x l nghim ca h trn A th
1 2
...
n
x x x = = = nu n l v
1 3 1
2 4
...
...
n
n
x x x
x x x
= = =
= = =
nu n chn

V d 10:

Gii h phng trnh :
1.
sin sin 3 3 (1)
(2)
5
x y x y
x y

=
+ =


Tnh n iu ca hm s
24

Gii :
1.
sin sin 3 3 (1)
(2)
5
, 0 (3)
x y x y
x y
x y
+ =
>

T
( ) ( )
2 , 3 , (0; )
5
x y

( ) ( )
1 sin 3 sin 3 * x x y y = .
Xt hm s
( )
sin 3 , (0; )
5
f t t t t

= ta c
( ) ( )
' cos 3 0, (0; )
5
f t t t f t
= < l hm
nghch bin trn khong (0; )
5
t

nn
( ) ( ) ( )
* f x f y x y = =
Vi x y = thay vo
( )
2 ta tm c
10
x y

= =
Vy
( )
; ;
10 10
x y
| |
=
|
\
l nghim ca h.
2.
2 3
2 3
log (1 3cos ) log (sin ) 2
log (1 3sin ) log (cos ) 2
x y
y x
+ = +
+ = +

iu kin :
cos 0
sin 0
x
y
>
>


Tnh n iu ca hm s
25
t cos ; sin u x v y = = , ta c h:
( )
( )
2 3
2 3
log (1 3 ) log ( ) 2 1
log (1 3 ) log ( ) 2 2
u v
v u
+ = +
+ = +
tr v theo v ta c
( )
3 3 3 3
log (1 3 ) log log (1 3 ) log ( ) ( ) * u u v v f u f v + + = + + =
Xt hm s
3 3
( ) log (1 3 ) log f t t t = + + , d thy ( ) f t l hm ng bin nn
( )
* u v = .
Thay vo
( )
1 ta c :
3 3
1 3 1
log (1 3 ) log 2 9
6
u
u u u
u
+
+ = = =
Vy h cho
2 1
sin
6
2
1
cos
2
6
y k
y
y k
x
x m

= +
=

= +

=
= +

, trong
1
sin cos
6
= = .

V d 11:

Gii :
Xt hm s
( )
4 2
1 f x x x = + lin tc trn na khong
)
0; +
, ta c
( )
( )
3
2
4
1 1
' 0
2
1
x
f x
x
x
| |
|
= <
|
|
+ |
\

V
( ) ( )
3
4 3 6 3
2 2
4 4
2
1 1
0
1 1
x x x x
x x x
x x
x
< = = <
+ +
nn
( ) ( )
' 0, 0 f x x f x < > nghch
bin trn na khong
)
0; +
v lim ( ) 0
x
f x
+
= , nn
)
0 ( ) 1, 0; f x x < +
.
Vy, phng trnh
( )
1 c nghim
)
0; 0 1 m + <
.

V d 12:

Gii :

nh gi tr ca m phng trnh sau c nghim:
( ) ( ) ( )
4 3 3 3 4 1 1 0, 1 m x m x m + + + =
Tm m phng trnh:
( )
4 2
1 1 x x m + = c nghim.

Tnh n iu ca hm s
26
iu kin: 3 1 x .
Phng trnh
3 3 4 1 1
(1)
4 3 3 1 1
x x
m
x x
+ + +
=
+ + +

Nhn thy rng:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
3 1
3 1 4 1
2 2
x x
x x
| | | |
+
| | + + = + =
| |
\ \

Nn tn ti gc 0; , tan ; 0;1
2 2
t t

(
( =
(

sao cho:
2
2
3 2sin 2
1
t
x
t
+ = =
+
v
2
2
1
1 2 cos 2
1
t
x
t

= =
+

( ) ( )
2
2
3 3 4 1 1 7 12 9
, 2
5 16 7
4 3 3 1 1
x x t t
m m f t
t t
x x
+ + + + +
= = =
+ +
+ + +

Xt hm s:
2
2
7 12 9
( )
5 16 7
t t
f t
t t
+ +
=
+ +
lin tc trn on 0;1 t (

. Ta c
( )
( )
2
2
2
52 8 60
'( ) 0, 0;1
5 16 7
t t
f t t f t
t t

( = <

+ +
nghch bin trn on | | 0;1 v
9 7
(0) ; (1)
7 9
f f = =
Suy ra phng trnh
( )
1 c nghim khi phng trnh
( )
2 c nghim trn on 0;1 t (

khi v ch khi:
7 9
9 7
m
CC BI TON BT PHNG TRNH

V d 1:

Gii:
1. 5 1 3 4 x x + +
iu kin :
1
5
x
Gii cc bt phng trnh sau :
1. 5 1 3 4 x x + +
5
2. 3 3 2 2 6
2 1
x x
x
+


Tnh n iu ca hm s
27
Xt hm s ( ) 5 1 3 f x x x = + + lin tc trn na khong
1
;
5
|
+
|

, ta c
( )
5 1 1
'( ) 0 ,
5
2 5 1 2 1
f x x f x
x x
= + > >

l hm s ng bin trn na khong
1
;
5
|
+
|

v (1) 4 f = , khi bt phng trnh cho ( ) (1) 1. f x f x
Vy bt phng trnh cho c nghim l 1 x .
5
2. 3 3 2 2 6
2 1
x x
x
+

V d 2:

Gii:
iu kin:
1 3
2 2
x <
Bt phng trnh cho
5
3 3 2 2 6 ( ) ( ) (*)
2 1
x x f x g x
x
+ +

Xt hm s
5
( ) 3 3 2
2 1
f x x
x
= +
lin tc trn na khong

1 3
;
2 2
| (
(
\
, ta c
3
3 5 1 3
'( ) 0, ; ( )
2 2
3 2 ( 2 1)
f x x f x
x x
| |
= <
|
\

l hm nghch bin trn na on
1 3
;
2 2
| (
(
\

Hm s ( ) 2 6 g x x = + l hm ng bin trn v (1) (1) 8 f g = =
Nu 1 ( ) (1) 8 (1) ( ) (*) x f x f g g x > < = = < ng
Nu 1 ( ) (1) 8 (1) ( ) (*) x f x f g g x < > = = > v nghim.
Vy nghim ca bt phng trnh cho l:
3
1
2
x .

5
2. 3 3 2 2 6
2 1
x x
x
+


Tnh n iu ca hm s
28

V d 3:

Gii:
iu kin:
1
2
x .
Bt phng trnh cho
( )
( 2 6)( 2 1 3) 4 * x x x + + +
Nu 2 1 3 0 5 (*) x x lun ng.
Nu 5 x >
Xt hm s ( ) ( 2 6)( 2 1 3) f x x x x = + + + lin tc trn khong
( )
5; + , ta c:
( )
1 1 2 6
'( ) ( )( 2 1 3) 0, 5
2 2 2 6 2 1
x x
f x x x f x
x x x
+ + +
= + + > >
+ +
ng
bin trn khong
( )
5; + v (7) 4 f = , do
( )
* ( ) (7) 7 f x f x .
Vy nghim ca bt phng trnh cho l:
1
7
2
x .
V d 3:

Gii :
iu kin:
3 2
2 3 6 16 0
2 4.
4 0
x x x
x
x
+ + +
.
Bt phng trnh cho
( )
3 2
2 3 6 16 4 2 3 ( ) 2 3 * x x x x f x + + + < <
Xt hm s
3 2
( ) 2 3 6 16 4 f x x x x x = + + + lin tc trn on 2; 4 (

, ta c:
( ) ( )
2
3 2
3( 1) 1
'( ) 0, 2; 4
2 4
2 3 6 16
x x
f x x f x
x
x x x
+ +
= + >
+ + +
ng bin trn na
khong
( )
2; 4 v (1) 2 3 f = , do
( )
* ( ) (1) 1 f x f x < < .
3. ( 2)(2 1) 3 6 4 ( 6)(2 1) 3 2 x x x x x x + + + + +

3 2
4. 2 3 6 16 2 3 4 x x x x + + + < +


Tnh n iu ca hm s
29
Vy nghim ca bt phng trnh cho l: 2 1 x < .

CC BI TON LIN QUAN THAM S
V d 1:

Gii:

1.
Ta c
( )
2
' 2 4 f x x ax = + +

Cch 1 :
Hm s
( )
f x ng bin trn khi v ch khi
( )
2 2
' 0, 2 4 0, 0 4 0 2 2 2 f x x x ax x a a hay a + +

Cch 2 :
2
4 a =
Nu
2
4 0 2 2 a hay a < < < th
( )
' 0 f x > vi mi x . Hm s
( )
f x ng bin trn
Nu 2 a = th
( ) ( )
2
' 2 f x x = +
( ) ( )
' 0 2, ' 0, 2 f x x f x x = = > . Hm s
( )
f x ng bin
trn mi na khong
( )
; 2 2; v ( +

nn hm s
( )
f x ng bin trn
Nu 2 a = . Hm s
( )
f x ng bin trn
Nu 2 a < hoc 2 a > th
( )
' 0 f x = c hai nghim phn bit
1 2
, x x . Gi s
1 2
x x < . Khi hm s
nghch bin trn khong
( )
1 2
; x x ,ng bin trn mi khong
( )
1
; x v
( )
2
; x + . Do 2 a < hoc
2 a > khng tho mn yu cu bi ton .
Vy hm s
( )
f x ng bin trn khi v ch khi 2 2 a
Ch : li gii cch 1 thiu t nhin, khng trong sng .
2.
Ta c :
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
' 1 2 1 3 f x a x a x g x = + + + =
Vi gi tr no ca a hm s sau ng bin trn .
( )
3 2
1
1. 4 3
3
f x x ax x = + + +
( ) ( ) ( )
2 3 2
1
2. 1 1 3 5
3
f x a x a x x = + + + +

Tnh n iu ca hm s
30
Hm s
( )
f x ng bin trn khi v ch khi
( ) ( )
' 0, 1 f x x
Xt
2
1 0 1 a a = =
( ) ( )
3
1 ' 4 3 , ' 0 1
4
a f x x f x x a + = = + = khng tho yu cu bi ton.
( )
1 ' 3 0 1 a f x x a + = = > = tho mn yu cu bi ton.

Xt
2
1 0 1 a a
( )
( ) ( )
( )
2
2
2
2
1 0
1 1
1 1
1 1 2
1 2 2 2 0
' 1 3 1 0
g
a
a a
a a
a a
a a a a
a a
> < > < >

<

+ +
= +

Kt hp cc trng hp , vi 1 2 a a th th ca hm s ng bin trn .

V d 2:

Gii :
1.
Hm s cho xc nh trn
{ }
\ 1 D = .
Ta c
( )
( ) ( )
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
2 2
1 2 1 1
' , 1 2 1 1, 1
1 1
m x m x g x
f x g x m x m x x
x x
+ +
= = = + +
+ +

Du ca
( )
' f x l du ca
( )
g x .
Hm s
( )
f x ng bin trn mi khong
( ) ( )
; 1 1; v + khi v ch khi
( ) ( )
0, 1 1 g x x
Xt
( ) ( )
1 0 1 1 0, 1 1 m m g x x m a = = = > = tho mn yu cu bi ton .
Xt 1 0 1 m m

( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) 2
1 0
1 1
1 1 2
1 2 1 2 0
' 1 1 0
g
m
m m
m b
m m m
m m
> > >

<

=

T
( ) ( )
a v b suy ra 1 2 m th tho mn yu cu bi ton .
2.
Hm s cho xc nh trn
{ }
\ D m = .
1. Vi gi tr no ca m hm s
( )
( )
2
1 2 1
1
m x x
f x
x
+ +
=
+
ng bin mi khong xc nh .
2. Vi gi tr no ca m hm s
( )
4 mx
f x
x m
+
=
+
nghch bin khong
( )
;1 .


Tnh n iu ca hm s
31
Ta c
( )
( )
2
2
4
'
m
f x
x m
=
+

Hm s nghch bin trn khong
( )
;1 khi v ch khi
( ) ( )
( )
' 0, ;1
;1
f x x
m
<

( )
2
4 0 2 2 2 2
2 1
1 1 ;1
m m m
m
m m m
< < < < <

<

Vy : vi 2 1 m < th tho yu cu bi ton .

V d 3:

Gii :
1.
Ta c :
2
' 6 4 y x x m = +
Hm s cho ng bin trn khong
( )
1; + khi v ch khi
( )
' 0, 1; y x +
( )
2
6 4 , 1 g x x x m x = > .
Xt hm s
( )
2
6 4 g x x x = lin tc trn khong
( )
1; + , ta c
( ) ( )
' 12 4 0, 1 g x x x g x = > > ng bin trn khong
( )
1; + v
( ) ( ) ( )
2
1 1
lim lim 6 4 2, lim
x
x x
g x x x g x
+ +
+

= = = +
x 1 +
( )
' g x +
( )
g x +

2
Da vo bng bin thin suy ra 2 2 m m
2.
Ta c :
2
' 3 2 3 y mx x = +
( )
3; 0 khi v ch khi
( )
' 0, 3; 0 y x
Hay
( ) ( )
2
2
2 3
3 2 3 0, 3; 0 , 3; 0
3
x
mx x x m x
x
+
+
Tm iu kin ca tham s m sao cho hm s :
1.
3 2
2 2 1 y x x mx = ng bin trn khong
( )
1; + ?.
2.
3 2
3 2 y mx x x m = + + ng bin trn khong
( )
3; 0 ?.

Tnh n iu ca hm s
32
Xt hm s
( )
2
2 3
3
x
g x
x
+
= lin tc trn khong
( )
3; 0 , ta c
( ) ( ) ( )
2
4
6 18
' 0, 3; 0
9
x x
g x x g x
x
+
= < nghch bin trn khong
( )
3; 0 v
( ) ( )
3 0
4
lim , lim
9
x x
g x g x
+

= =
x 3 0
( )
' g x
( )
g x
4
9

Da vo bng bin thin suy ra
4
9
m

V d 4 :

Gii :

1.
Ta c :
( )
2
' 3 6 1 f x x x m = + + +

Cch 1 :
Hm s cho nghch bin trn khong
( )
1;1 khi v ch khi
( ) ( )
' 0, 1;1 f x x hay
( ) ( )
( )
( ) ( )
2
1;1
3 6 1 , 1;1 min 1
x
m x x x m g x

+ + . Xt hm s
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
3 6 1 , 1;1 ' 6 6 0, 1;1 g x x x x g x x x g x = + + = < nghch bin trn
khong
( )
1;1 v
( ) ( )
1 1
lim 2, lim 10
x x
g x g x
+

= =
x 1 1
( )
' g x
( )
g x 2
10
1.
( )
3 2
3 1 4 y x x m x m = + + + + nghch bin trn khong
( )
1;1 ?.
2.
( ) ( )
3 2
1
2 1 1
3
y mx m x m x m = + + + ng bin trn khong
( )
2; + ?.


Tnh n iu ca hm s
33

Vy 10 m tho yu cu bi ton .

Cch 2 :
( )
'' 6 6 f x x = +
Nghim ca phng trnh
( )
'' 0 f x = l 1 1 x = < . Do , hm s cho nghch bin trn khong
( )
1;1 khi v ch khi
( )
2
' 1 3.1 6.1 1 0 10 f m m = + + + .
2.
Ta c :
( )
2
' 4 1 1 y mx m x m = + +
( )
2; + khi v ch khi
( ) ( ) ( )
2
' 0, 2; 4 1 1 0, 2; y x mx m x m x + + + +
( ) ( ) ( )
2
2
4 1
4 1 4 1, 2; , 2;
4 1
x
x x m x x m x
x x
+
+ + + + +
+ +

Xt hm s
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2
2 2 1
4 1
, 2; ' 0, 2;
4 1
4 1
x x
x
g x x g x x g x
x x
x x
+
+
= + = < +
+ +
+ +

nghch bin trn khong
( )
2; + v
( ) ( )
2
9
lim , lim 0
13
x
x
g x g x
+
+
= =
x 2 +
( )
' g x
( )
g x
9
13

0
Vy
9
13
m tho yu cu bi ton .

V d 5:

Gii:

1.
1.
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2 2
2 7 7 2 1 2 3 y x mx m m x m m = + + ng bin trn khong
( )
2; + ?.
2.
( )
2
1 1
2
mx m x
y
x m
+ +
=
ng bin trn khong

( )
1; + ?.


Tnh n iu ca hm s
34
Ta c :
( ) ( )
2 2
' 3 2 2 7 7 y x mx m m g x = + =
( )
2; + khi v ch khi
( )
' 0, 2; y x +
Xt hm s
( ) ( )
2 2
3 2 2 7 7 g x x mx m m = + trn khong
( ) ( )
2; ' 6 2 x v g x x m + =

Cch 1:
Hm s
( )
g x ng bin trn khong
( )
2; + khi v ch khi
( ) ( )
2 2 2
5
2 0 3.2 2 .2 2 7 7 0 2 3 5 0 1
2
g m m m m m m + + + .

Vi cch gii ny hc sinh nn dng cho bi trc nghim, gc bi ton t lun thiu i tnh chun xc
v trong sng ca bi ton .

Cch 2 :
( )
' 0
3
m
g x x = =
Nu 2 6
3
m
m , khi
( ) ( )
0, 2; g x x +
( )
( )
2
2;
5
min 0 2 3 5 0 1
2
x
g x m m m
+
+ +
Nu 2 6
3
m
m > > , kh nng ny khng th xy ra (v sao ?).
2.
Hm s cho xc nh trn \
2
m
D

=
`
)
.
Nu 0 m = , ta c
2
1 1
' 0, 0
2 2
x
y y x
x x
= = > . Hm s ng bin trn cc khong

( ) ( )
; 0 0; v + , do cng ng bin trn khong
( )
1; +
Vy
( )
0 m a = tho mn yu cu bi ton .
Nu 0 m , ta c
( )
( )
( )
( )
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2
' , 2 2 2
2 2
g x
mx m x m m
y g x mx m x m m
x m x m
+
= = = +

( )
1; + khi v ch khi
( )
( )
( )
2
2 0
0
1; 2 0 1
2
2
1 3 2 0
1
3
m
m
m
m m b
g m m
m
>

>
+ <

= + +


Tnh n iu ca hm s
35
T
( ) ( )
a v b suy ra 0 1 m th tho mn yu cu bi ton .

V d 6:

Gii :

Ta c :
2
' 3 6 y x x m = + + c
'
' 9 3
y
m =
Nu 3 ' 0 ' 0,
g
m y x , khi hm s lun ng bin trn , do 3 m
khng tho yu cu bi ton .
Nu 3 ' 0
g
m < > , khi ' 0 y = c hai nghim phn bit
( )
1 2 1 2
, x x x x < v hm s nghch
bin trong on
1 2
; x x (

vi di
2 1
l x x =
Theo Vi-t, ta c :
1 2 1 2
2,
3
m
x x x x + = =
Hm s nghch bin trn on c di bng 1 1 l =
( ) ( )
2 2
2 1 1 2 1 2
4 9
1 4 1 4 1
3 4
x x x x x x m m = + = = =

Cu hi nh : Tm tt c cc tham s m hm s
3 2
3 y x x mx m = + + + nghch bin trn on c
di bng 1 .C hay khng yu cu bi ton tho :
2 1
1?. l x x =

NG DNG N IU TRONG BT NG THC

V d 1:

Gii :
1 Cho 0 x y z .Chng minh rng :
x z y x y z
z y x y z x
+ + + +
0 x y z
Tm tt c cc tham s m hm s
3 2
3 y x x mx m = + + + nghch bin trn on c di bng
1?.
1. Cho 0 x y z .Chng minh rng :
x z y x y z
z y x y z x
+ + + +
2. Cho , , 0 x y z > Chng minh rng:
4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) x y z xyz x y z xy x y yz y z zx z x + + + + + + + + + + .
3. Chng minh rng :
( )
ln 1 , 0 x x x > + >

Tnh n iu ca hm s
36
Xt hm s : ( )
x z y x y z
f x
z y x y z x
| |
= + + + +
|
\
.
Ta c:
( )
2 2 2
1 1 1 1
'( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( ) 0, 0
y z
f x y z x f x
z y yz
x x x
= = l hm s ng bin
0 x ( ) ( ) 0 f x f y = pcm.

2. Cho , , 0 x y z > Chng minh rng:
4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) x y z xyz x y z xy x y yz y z zx z x + + + + + + + + + + .
Khng mt tnh tng qut ta gi s: 0 x y z > .
Xt hm s
4 4 4 2 2 2 2 2 2
( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) f x x y z xyz x y z xy x y yz y z zx z x = + + + + + + + +
Ta c :
3 2 3 3 2
'( ) 4 3 ( ) ( ) ( ) "( ) 12 6 ( ) 2 f x x x y z xyz yz x y z y z f x x x y z yz = + + + + + + = + +
"( ) 0 f x > (do x y z )
2 3 2
'( ) '( ) ( ) 0 f x f y z y z z y z = = nn ( ) f x l hm s ng
bin.
4 3 2 2 2 2
( ) ( ) 2 ( ) 0 f x f y z z y y z z z y = + = pcm.

3. Chng minh rng :
( )
ln 1 , 0 x x x > + >
Hm s
( ) ( )
ln 1 f x x x = + xc nh v lin tc trn na khong
)
0; +
v c o hm
( )
1
' 1 0
1
f x
x
= >
+
vi mi 0 x > . Do hm s
( )
f x ng bin trn na khong
)
0; +
, hn
na
( ) ( )
0 0 f x f > = vi mi 0 x >
Hay
( )
ln 1 , 0 x x x > + >

V d 2:

Gii :
1. Cho , , 0 a b c > . Chng minh rng:
3
2
a b c
a b b c c a
+ +
+ + +

t , , 1
b c a
x y z xyz
a b c
= = = = v bt ng thc cho
1 1 1 3
1 1 1 2 x y z
+ +
+ + +
.
Gi s 1 1 z xy nn c:
1 1 2 2
1 1
1 1
z
x y
xy z
+ =
+ +
+ +

1. Cho , , 0 a b c > . Chng minh rng:
3
2
a b c
a b b c c a
+ +
+ + +
.
2. Cho 0 a b c < . Chng minh rng:
2
2 2 2 ( )
3
( )
a b c c a
b c c a a b a c a
+ + +
+ + + +
.

Tnh n iu ca hm s
37
2
1 1 1 2 1 2 1
( )
1 1 1 1 1
1 1
z t
f t
x y z z t
z t
+ + + = + =
+ + + + +
+ +
vi 1 t z =
Ta c:
2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2(1 ) 3
'( ) 0 ( ) (1) , 1
2
(1 ) (1 ) (1 )
t t
f t f t f t
t t t
= =
+ + +
pcm.
2. Cho 0 a b c < . Chng minh rng:
2
2 2 2 ( )
3
( )
a b c c a
b c c a a b a c a
+ + +
+ + + +

t , ,1
b c
x x
a a
= = . Khi bt ng thc cn chng minh tr thnh
2
2
2 2 2 4 1 2 ( 1)
1 (2 2 )
1 1 1 1
x x x x x x
x x
x x x x

+ + + +
+ + + + + +
+ + + + + +

Xt hm s
2
1 2 ( 1)
( ) 1 (2 2 ), 1
1
x x x
f x x x x
x

+ +
= + + + +
+ +

Ta c:
2 2
2(2 1) 1 2 +1 2
'( ) 2 1 2 ( 1)[ ] 0, 1
1 +1
( ) ( )
x x
f x x x
x x

+
= + =
+
+ +

Nh vy hm ( ) f x l ng bin do
2
1
( ) ( ) 3 3 f x f
= +
Nhng
3
2 2 2
1 1 1
'( ) 2 3 3 3 . . 3 0 f

= + = + + =
( ) ( ) (1) 0 f x f f = pcm.

BI TP T LUYN

( )
2
1 f x x = nghch bin trn on 0;1 (

.
( )
3 2
4
2 3
3
f x x x x = + ng bin trn .
3. Xt chiu bin thin ca cc hm s:
( )
5 4 3
10 7
) 2 5
3 3
a f x x x x = + +
( )
3 2
) 2 1 b f x x x x = + +
( )
4
) c f x x
x
= +
( )
9
) d f x x
x
=
( )
3 2
1
) 2 4 5
3
e f x x x x = +
( )
2
8 9
)
5
x x
f f x
x
+
=

( )
2
) 2 3 g f x x x = +


Tnh n iu ca hm s
38
( )
1
) 2
1
h f x x
x
=
+

( )
) 3 1 i f x x = +
( )
2
) 4 j f x x x =
( )
) k f x x x = +
( )
) l f x x x =
( )
2
2
)
9
x
m f x
x
=

4. Xt chiu bin thin ca cc hm s sau :
2
2
1 1
)
2
1
)
3
3
)
1
) 2 3
a y
x x
x
b y
x
x
c y
x
d y x x
=
+
=
=
+
= + +

4 3
4 3 2
5 3
7 6 5
1
) 5
2
3 3
) 2 6 11
4 2
4
) 8
5
7
) 9 7 12
5
e y x x x
f y x x x x
g y x x
h y x x x
= + +
= + +
= + +
= + +

5. Chng minh rng :
) a Hm s
2
2
x
y
x
=
+
ng bin trn mi khong xc nh ca n .
) b Hm s
2
2 3
1
x x
y
x
+
=
+
nghch bin trn mi khong xc nh ca n .
6. Chng minh rng :
) a Hm s
=
+
3
1 2
x
y
x
nghch bin trn mi khong xc nh ca n .
) b Hm s
+
=
+
2
2 3
2 1
x x
y
x
ng bin trn mi khong xc nh ca n .
) c Hm s = + +
2
8 y x x nghch bin trn .
) d Hm s = +
2
cos y x x ng bin trn .
7. Chng minh rng :
) a Hm s =
2
2 y x x nghch bin trn on (

1; 2

Tnh n iu ca hm s
39
) b Hm s =
2
9 y x ng bin trn na khong
)
+
3;
) c Hm s = +
4
y x
x
nghch bin trn mi na khong
)
2; 0 v
(
(
0; 2
) d Hm s
2
1
x
y
x
=
+
ng bin trn khong
( )
1;1 , nghch bin trn mi khong
( )
; 1 v
( )
1; + .
8. Cho hm s =
2
2 2 y x x
) a Chng minh hm s ng bin trn na khong
)
+
2;
) b Chng minh rng phng trnh =
2
2 2 11 x x c nghim duy nht .
Hng dn :
) a
( )
( )
= > +
5 8
' 0, 2;
2
x x
y x
x
. Do hm s ng bin trn na khong
)
+
2;
) b Hm s xc nh v lin tc trn na khong
)
+
2; , do cng lin tc trn on (

2; 3 ,
( ) ( )
2 11 3 y y < < nn theo nh l gi tr trung gian ca hm s lin tc, tn ti s thc
( )
2; 3 c sao
cho
( )
= 11 y c . S thc
( )
2; 3 c l 1 nghim ca phng trnh cho v v hm s ng bin trn na
khong
)
+
2; nn
( )
2; 3 c l nghim duy nht ca phng trnh .
9. Cho hm s = +
2
sin cos y x x .
) a Chng minh rng hm s ng bin trn on
(
(

0;
3
v nghch bit trn on

(
(

;
3
.
) b Chng minh rng vi mi
( )
1;1 m , phng trnh + =
2
sin cos x x mc nghim duy nht thuc
on (

0; .
Hng dn :
) a Chng minh rng hm s ng bin trn on
(
(

0;
3
v nghch bit trn on

(
(

;
3
.
Hm s lin tc trn on (

0; v
( ) ( )
= ' sin 2cos 1 , 0; y x x x
V
( )
0; sin 0 x x > nn trong khong
( ) ( )
1
0; : ' 0 cos
2 3
f x x x

= = =
| |
>
|
\
' 0, 0;
3
y x nn hm s ng bin trn on
(
(

0;
3

| |
<
|
\
' 0, ;
3
y x nn hm s nghch bin trn on

(
(

;
3


Tnh n iu ca hm s
40
) b Chng minh rng vi mi
( )
1;1 m , phng trnh + =
2
sin cos x x mc nghim duy nht thuc
on (

0; .
(

(

0;
3
x ta c
( )
| |

|
\
5
0 1
3 4
y y y y nn phng trnh cho khng c nghim
( )
1;1 m

(

(

;
3
x ta c
( )

| |

|
\
5
1
3 4
y y y y . Theo nh l v gi tr trung gian ca hm s
lin tc vi
( )
| |

|
\
5
1;1 1;
4
m , tn ti mt s thc

| |
|
\
;
3
c sao cho
( )
= 0 y c . S c l nghim
ca phng trnh + =
2
sin cos x x m v v hm s nghch bin trn on

(
(

;
3
nn trn on ny ,
phng trnh c nghim duy nht .

Vy phng trnh cho c nghim duy nht thuc on (

0; .
10. Cho
( ) ( )
1;1 , 2; 4 A B l hai im ca parabol =
2
y x .Xc nh im C thuc parabol sao cho tip
tuyn ti C vi parabol song song vi ng thng AB .
11. Vi gi tr no ca a hm s
( )
3
f x x ax = + nghch bin trn .
12. Vi gi tr no ca m , cc hm s ng bin trn mi khong xc nh ca n ?
) 2
1
m
a y x
x
= + +

( )
2
2 2 3 1
)
1
x m x m
b y
x
+ + +
=

Hng dn :
( )
= + + =

2
) 2 ' 1 , 1
1
1
m m
a y x y x
x
x

0 m th > ' 0; 1 y x . Do hm s ng bin trn mi khong
( )
;1 v
( )
+ 1; .
> 0 m th
( )
( )
( )

= =

2
2 2
1
' 1 , 1
1 1
x m
m
y x
x x
v = = ' 0 1 y x m . Lp bng bin thin ta
thy hm s nghch bin trn mi khong
( )
1 ;1 m v
( )
+ 1;1 m ; do khng tho iu kin .
Vy :hm s ng bin trn mi khong xc nh ca n khi v ch khi 0 m

Ch : Bi ton trn c m rng nh sau
1
) a Tm gi tr ca m hm s ng bin
( )
; 1
2
( )
+ 2;
3
) a Tm gi tr ca m hm s nghch bin trong khong c di bng 2.

Tnh n iu ca hm s
41
4
) a Tm gi tr ca m hm s nghch bin trn mi khong
( )
0;1 v
( )
1; 2 .
5
) a Gi <
1 2
x x l hai nghim ca phng trnh
( )
=
2
1 0 x m . Tm m :
5.1
) a =
1 2
2 x x
5.2
) a <
1 2
3 x x
5.3
) a + < +
1 2
3 5 x x m
5.4
) a
1 2
5 12 x x m

( )
( )
2
2
2 2 3 1
1 2 2 1
) 2 ' 2
1 1
1
x m x m
m m
b y x m y
x x
x
+ + +

= = + + = +

1
' 0, 1
2
m y x < , hm s nghch bin trn mi khong
( ) ( )
;1 1; v +
1
2
m > phng trnh ' 0 y = c hai nghim
1 2
1 x x < < hm s ng bin trn mi khong
( ) ( )
1 2
;1 1; x v x , trng hp ny khng tha .
13. Vi gi tr no ca m , cc hm s nghch bin trn
( )
3 2
1
2 2 1 3 2
3
y x x m x m = + + + +

Hng dn :
( )
3 2 2
1
2 2 1 3 2 ' 4 2 1, ' 2 5
3
y x x m x m y x x m m = + + + + = + + + = +
=
5
2
m th
( )
=
2
' 2 0 y x vi mi = , ' 0 x y ch ti im = 2 x . Do hm s nghch bin
trn .
( )
< <
5
' 0
2
m hay th < ' 0, y x . Do hm s nghch bin trn .
( )
> >
5
' 0
2
m hay th = ' 0 y c hai nghim
( )
<
1 2 1 2
, x x x x . Hm s ng bin trn khong
( )
1 2
; x x . Trng hp ny khng tha mn .

Ngoi ra ta c th trnh by : Hm s nghch bin trn khi v ch khi
1 0
5
2 5 0
' 0
2
a
m m
= <

Vy hm s nghch bin trn khi v ch khi
5
2
m
Ch : Bi ton trn c m rng nh sau
1
( )
2; 1
2
( )
0;1 v
( )
2; 3

Tnh n iu ca hm s
42
3
) a Tm gi tr ca m hm s ng bin trong khong c di bng 1.
4
) a Tm gi tr ca m hm s nghch bin trn khong
( )
0;1 .
14. Cho hm s
( ) ( ) ( )
3 2
1 2
1 2 3
3 3
f x x m x m x = + +
) a Vi gi tr no ca m , hm s ng bin trn
) b Vi gi tr no ca m , hm s ng bin trn :
( )
1
) 1; b +
( )
2
) 1;1 b
(
3
) ; 1 b (

4
) 1; 0 b (

15. Cho hm s
( )
2sin tan 3 f x x x x = +
) a Chng minh rng hm s ng bin trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

.
) b Chng minh rng 2 sin tan 3 x x x + > vi mi 0;
2
x
| |
|
\
.
Hng dn :
) a Chng minh rng hm s ng bin trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

Hm s
( )
2sin tan 3 f x x x x = + lin tc trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

v c o hm
( )
( ) ( )
2
3 2
2 2 2
1 cos 2cos 1
1 2cos 1 3cos
' 2cos 3 0, 0;
2 cos cos cos
x x
x x
f x x x
x x x
+
| | +
= + = = >
|
\

Do hm s
( )
2sin tan 3 f x x x x = + ng bin trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

) b Chng minh rng 2 sin tan 3 x x x + > vi mi 0;
2
x
| |
|
\

Hm s
( )
2sin tan 3 f x x x x = + ng bin trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

v
( ) ( )
0 0, 0;
2
f x f x
| |
=
|
\
; do 2 sin tan 3 0 x x x + > mi 0;
2
x
| |
|
\
hay
2 sin tan 3 x x x + > vi mi 0;
2
x
| |
|
\

16.

Tnh n iu ca hm s
43
) a Chng minh rng tanx x > vi mi 0;
2
x
| |
|
\
.
) b Chng minh rng
3
tan
3
x
x x > + vi mi 0;
2
x
| |
|
\
.
Hng dn :
) a Chng minh rng hm s
( )
tan f x x x = ng bin trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

.
Hm s
( )
tan f x x x = lin tc trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

v c o hm
( )
2
2
1
' 1 tan 0, 0;
2 cos
f x x x
x
| |
= = >
|
\
.
Do hm s
( )
tan f x x x = ng bin trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

v
( ) ( )
0 0, 0;
2
f x f x
| |
> =
|
\

hay tanx x > .
) b Chng minh rng
3
tan
3
x
x x > + vi mi 0;
2
x
| |
|
\
.
Xt hm s
( )
3
tan
3
x
g x x x = trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

.
Hm s
( )
3
tan
3
x
g x x x = lin tc trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

v c o hm
( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
2
1
' 1 tan tan tan 0, 0;
2 cos
g x x x x x x x x x
x
| |
= = = + >
|
\
cu ) a
Do hm s
( )
3
tan
3
x
g x x x = ng bin trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

v
( ) ( )
0 0, 0;
2
g x g x
| |
> =
|
\
hay
3
tan
3
x
x x > + vi mi 0;
2
x
| |
|
\
.
17. Cho hm s
( )
4
tan f x x x
= vi mi 0;
4
x
(
(

) a Xt chiu bin thin ca hm s trn on 0;
4
(
(

.
) b T suy ra rng
4
tan x x
vi mi 0;
4
x
(
(

.
Hng dn :
) a Xt chiu bin thin ca hm s trn on 0;
4
(
(

.

Tnh n iu ca hm s
44
Hm s
( )
4
tan f x x x
= lin trc trn on 0;

4
(
(

v c o hm
( ) ( )

2
2
4 1 4 4
' tan , 0; , ' 0 tan
4 cos
f x x x f x x
x

| |
= = = =
|
\

V
4
0 1 tan
4

< < = nn tn ti mt s duy nht 0;

4
c
| |
|
\
sao cho
4
tanc

=
( ) ( )
' 0, 0; f x x c > hm s
( )
f x ng bin trn on 0; x c (

( )
' 0, ;
4
f x x c
| |
<
|
\
hm s
( )
f x nghch bin trn on ;
4
x c
(
(

) b D thy
( ) ( )

4 4
0 ; 0; tan 0 tan
4
f x f c x x x hay x x

(

(

vi mi 0;
4
x
(
(

.
18. Chng minh rng cc bt ng thc sau :
) a sinx x < vi mi 0 x > , sinx x > vi mi 0 x <
) b
2
cos 1
2
x
x > vi mi 0 x
) c
3
sin
6
x
x x > vi mi 0 x > ,
3
sin
6
x
x x < vi mi 0 x <
) d sin tan 2 x x x + > vi mi 0;
2
x
| |
|
\

Hng dn :
) a sinx x < vi mi 0 x > .
Hm s
( )
sin f x x x = lin tc trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

v c o hm
( )
2
' 1 cos 2 sin 0, 0;
2 2
x
f x x x
| |
= = >
|
\
. Do hm s ng bin trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

v ta c
( ) ( )
0 0, 0;
2
f x f x
| |
> =
|
\
, tc l sin 0, 0; sin , 0;
2 2
x x x hay x x x
| | | |
> >
| |
\ \
.
) b
2
cos 1
2
x
x > vi mi 0 x
Hm s
( )
2
cos 1
2
x
f x x = + lin tc trn na khong
)
0; +
v c o hm
( )
' sin 0 f x x x = >
vi mi 0 x > ( theo cu a ). Do hm s
( )
f x ng bin trn na khong
)
0; +
v ta c
( ) ( )
0 0, 0 f x f x > = > , tc l
2
cos 1 0, 0
2
x
x x + > >
Vi mi 0 x < , ta c
( )
( )
2
2
cos 1 0, 0 cos 1 0, 0
2 2
x
x
x x hay x x
+ > < + > <


Tnh n iu ca hm s
45
Vy
2
cos 1
2
x
x > vi mi 0 x
) c Hm s
( )
3
sin
6
x
f x x x = . Theo cu b th
( )
' 0, 0 f x x < . Do hm s nghch bin trn .
V
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
0 0
0 0
f x f khi x
f x f khi x
> <
< >

) d sin tan 2 x x x + > vi mi 0;
2
x
| |
|
\

Hm s
( )
sin tan 2 f x x x x = + lin tc trn na khong 0;
2
|
|

v c o hm
( )
2
2 2
1 1
' cos 2 cos 2 0, 0;
2 cos cos
f x x x x
x x
| |
= + > + >
|
\
. Do hm s ng bin trn na
khong 0;
2
|
|

v ta c
( ) ( )
0 0, 0;
2
f x f x
| |
> =
|
\

MT S DNG TON TRONG K THI T TI &TUYN SINH I HC

1 Tm tham s m th ca hm s ng bin trn :
) a
3 2
1
(3 2)
3
m
y x mx m x
= + +
) b
( )
3 2
1
2 1 1
3
y x x m x = + +
2 Tm m cc hm s sau nghch bin trn

( ) ( )
3 2
1
2 2 2 2 5
3
m
y x m x m x
| |
= + +
|
\

3 Tm m cc hm s sau ng bin trn
) a sin y x m x = +
) b
1 1
sin sin2 sin 3
4 9
y mx x x x = + + +
) c
2 2
1
2 2cos sin cos cos 2
4
y mx x m x x x = +
) d ( 3) (2 1)cos y m x m x = +

4 Tm tham s m th ca hm s :
) a
3 2
3 ( 1) 4 y x x m x m = + + + + nghch bin trn
( )
1;1
) b
3 2 2
(2 7 7) 2( 1)(2 3) y x mx m m x m m = + + ng bin trn
)
2; +


Tnh n iu ca hm s
46
) c
3 2
3 y x x mx m = + + + nghch bin trn on c di bng 1.
) d
2
(2 1) 3 5
1
m x mx
y
x
+
=
ng bin trn on 2; 5 (

) e
2
2 3
2 1
x x m
y
x
+
=
+
nghch bin trn khong
1
;
2
| |
+
|
\

) f
2
8
8( )
x x
y
x m
=
+
ng bin trn khong
( )
1; +
) g
2
1
mx x m
y
mx
+ +
=
+
ng bin trn khong
( )
0; + .
5 Chng minh rng :
) a
sin tan 1
2 2 2 , 0;
2
x x x
x

+
| |
+ >
|
\

) b
2
2
1 cos , 0;
4 4
x x x
( +
< <
(

) c
0 0
5 tan6 6 tan5 >
) d
2009 2008
2008 2009 >
) e
2 2
tan tan , 0
2 cos cos
a b a b
a b a b
b a

< < < < <

6 Chng minh rng :
) a ln , 0
b a b b a
a b
a a b

> > < <
) b
( )
1
lg lg 4
1 1
0 1; 0 1,
y x
y x y x
x y x y
(
>
(

< < < <

) c , 0, 0,
ln ln 2
a b a b
ab a b a b
a b
+
< < > >

) d
1
lg ( 1) lg ( 2), 1
x x
x x x
+
+ > + >
) e , 0
2 ln ln
x y x y
x y
x y
+
> > >

Don Dieu Ham So 6361

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Don Dieu Ham So 6361

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Nguyn Ph Khnh - Lt Cc vn lin quan Hm s lp 12

= c nhiu nht l 1 m + nghim

lin tc trn khong

nghch bin trn khong

lin tc trn khong

lun ng bin trn D .

l h hon v vng quanh.

nghch bin trn khong ( ; 6) v

lin tc trn na khong

> < > < >

ng bin trn khong

= = > . Hm s ng bin trn cc khong

2; , do cng lin tc trn on (

= lin trc trn on 0;

< < = nn tn ti mt s duy nht 0;

+ > < + > <

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