Luong Tu Anh Sang Dang Cap

Phn VII: Lng t nh sng
- TM TT CHNG BY.
I Hin tng quang in ngoi Cc nh lut quang in.
1. Hin tng quang in ngoi.
- Hin tng nh sng lm bt cc lectron ra khi b mt kim loi gi l hin tng quang in ngoi. Gi
tt l hin tng quang in.
- Cc electron b bt ra ngoi khi b chiu sng gi l cc quang electron (electron quang in).
2. Cc nh lut quang in.
a. nh lut I (nh lut v gii hn quang in).
Hin tng quang in ch xy ra vi nhng nh sng kch thch chiu vo kim loi c bc sng nh hn
hoc bng bc sng
0
,
0
c gi l gii hn quang in ca kim loi :

0

.
b. nh lut II (nh lut v dng quang in bo ha).
i vi mi nh sng thch hp (c
0

), cng dng quang in bo ha t l vi cng ca
chm sng kch thch.
c. nh lut III (nh lut v ng nng cc i ca quang electron).
ng nng ban u cc i ca cc quang electron khng ph thuc cng ca chm sng kch thch
m ch ph thuc bc sng ca nh sng kch thch v bn cht kim loi.
II Thuyt lng t nh sng. Lng tnh sng - ht ca nh sng.
1. Thuyt lng t (ca Plng).
Lng nng lng m mi ln mt nguyn t hay phn t hp th hay pht x c gi tr hon ton xc nh,
gi l lng t nng lng. Lng t nng lng k hiu l
c gi tr bng:
hf
trong f l tn s ca nh sng b hp th hay pht ra; cn h l mt hng s gi l hng s Plng, h =
6,625.10
-34
J.s
2. Thuyt lng t nh sng (ca Anh-xtanh). Phtn.
- Chm sng l mt chm ht, mi ht gi l mt phtn (lng t nh sng). Mi photon c nng lng x
nh
hf
. Vi mi nh sng n sc c tn s f, cc phtn u ging nhau (v khng ph thuc vo
khong cch t phtn n ngun sng), mi phtn mang nng lng bng hf. Cng ca chm sng t l
vi s photon pht ra trong 1 giy.
- Mi ln mt nguyn t hay phn t pht x hay hp th nh sng th chng pht ra hay hp th mt phtn.
- Phtn bay vi tc c = 3.10
8
m/s dc theo cc tia sng.Khng c phtn trng thi ngh.
Cng thc Anh xtanh dng gii thch cc nh lut quang in:
2
0max
1
2
hf A mv +
3. Lng tnh sng - ht ca nh sng.
- nh sng c lng tnh sng - ht.
- Bc sng cng di tnh sng cng r hn tnh ht. Bc sng cng ngn tnh ht cng r hn tnh sng
- Tnh ht:Th hin hin tng quang in, lm pht quang cc cht, m xuyn, ion ha
- Tnh sng:Th hin hin tng giao thoa, nhiu x, tn sc
III Hin tng quang in trong. Quang in tr v pin quang in.
1. Hin tng quang in trong.
a. Hin tng quang in trong.
Hin tng nh sng c bc sng thch hp chiu vo cht bn dn lm gii phng cc lectron lin kt
chng tr thnh cc letron dn ng thi l trng cng tham gia vo qu trnh dn in gi l hin tng
quang in trong.
- Nng lng cn thit gii phng electron trong cht bn dn thng nh hn cng thot A ca electron t
mt kim loi nn gii hn quang in ca cht bn dn thng ln gii hn quang in ca kim loi. Gii hn
quang in ca nhiu cht bn dn nm trong vng nh sng hng ngoi.
b. Hin tng quang dn.
- Cht quang dn: l cht dn in km khi khng b chiu sng v tr thnh dn in tt khi b chiu nh
sng thch hp.
- Hin tng quang dn l hin tng gim mnh in tr sut tc tng dn in ca cht bn dn khi c
nh sng thch hp chiu vo.
2. Quang in tr.
L mt in tr lm bng cht quang dn. in tr ca quang in tr c th thay i t vi mgam khi
khng c chiu sng xung n vi chc m khi c chiu nh sng thch hp.
3. Pin quang in (pin mt tri).
L mt ngun in chy bng nng lng nh sng. Bin i trc tip quang nng thnh in nng. Hiu
sut trn di 10%. Pin hot ng da vo hin tng quang in trong xy ra bn cnh mt lp chn.
Cu to: Pin c 1 tm bn dn loi n, bn trn c ph mt lp mng bn dn loi p, trn cng l mt lp
kim loi rt mng. Di cng l mt kim loi. Cc kim loi ny ng vai tr cc in cc tr. Gia p v n
hnh thnh mt lp tip xc p-n. Lp ny ngn khng cho e khuych tn t n sang p v l trng khuych tn t
p sang n gi l lp chn.
Hot ng : Khi chiu nh sng c
0
s gy ra hin tng quang in trong. lectron i qua lp
chn xung bn dn n, l trng b gi li in cc kim loi mng trn nhim in (+) in cc(+), cn
kim loi nhim in (-) in cc (-).
- Sut in ng ca pin quang in t 0,5V 0,8V
IV. Mu nguyn t Bo v quang ph vch ca nguyn t Hir.
1. Mu nguyn t Bo.
a. Tin v trng thi dng.
- Nguyn t ch tn ti trong mt s trng thi c nng lng xc nh E
n
, gi l cc trng thi dng. Khi
trng thi dng, nguyn t khng bc x.
- Bnh thng, nguyn t ch tn ti trng thi c nng lng thp nht gi l trng thi c bn. Khi hp th
nng lng th nguyn t chuyn ln cc trng thi dng c mc nng lng cao hn, gi l trng thi kch
thch. Thi gian sng trung bnh ca cc nguyn t trn trng thi kch thch rt ngn ch c 10
-8
s. Sau
nguyn t chuyn v cc trng thi dng c nng lng thp hn v cui cng v trng thi c bn.
- Trong cc trng thi dng ca nguyn t th cc electron chuyn ng trn cc qu o trn c bn knh hon
ton xc nh, gi l cc qu o dng.
- Bn knh qu o dng th n c xc nh:
2
0 n
r n r
Trong
0
r
gi l bn knh qu o Bo l bn knh ca electron khi nguyn t trng thi c bn v
11
0
5, 3.10 r m
.
b. Tin v bc x v hp th nng lng ca nguyn t.
- Khi nguyn t chuyn t trng thi dng c nng lng E
m
sang
trng thi dng c nng lng E
n
nh hn (vi E
m
> E
n
) th nguyn t pht
ra mt phtn c nng lng ng bng hiu E
m
E
n
:
mn m n
hf E E
(f
mn
: tn s nh sng ng vi phtn ).
- Ngc li nu nguyn t ang trng thi dng c nng lng E
n

thp m hp th 1 phtn c nng lng h.f
mn
ng bng hiu
E
m
E
n
th n chuyn ln trng thi dng c nng lng E
m
ln hn.
Ch : Nu phtn c nng lng
mn
hf
m
n mn m
E hf E < <
th nguyn
t khng nhy ln mc nng lng no m vn trng thi dng ban u.
2. Quang ph vch ca nguyn t Hir.
Gm nhiu vch xc nh, tch ri nhau (xem hnh v).
trng thi bnh thng (trng thi c bn) nguyn t H c nng lng thp nht, electron chuyn ng
trn qu o K.
Khi c kch thch, cc electron chuyn ln cc qu o cao hn (L, M, N, O, P...). Nguyn t ch tn ti
mt thi gian rt b (10
-8
s) trng thi kch thch sau chuyn v mc thp hn v pht ra phtn tng
ng.
- Khi chuyn v mc K to nn quang ph vch ca dy balmer.
- Khi chuyn v mc M: to nn quang ph vch ca dy Paschen.
* S mc nng lng
- Dy Laiman: Nm trong vng t ngoi. ng vi e chuyn t qu o bn ngoi v qu o K
Lu : Vch di nht
LK
khi e chuyn t L K
Vch ngn nht
K
khi e chuyn t K.
- Dy Banme: Mt phn nm trong vng t ngoi, mt phn nm trong vng nh sng nhn thy.
ng vi e chuyn t qu o bn ngoi v qu o L
Vng nh sng nhn thy c 4 vch:
Vch H
ng vi e: M L Vch lam H
ng vi e: N L
Vch chm H
ng vi e: O L Vch tm H
ng vi e: P L
Lu : Vch di nht
ML
(Vch H

)
Vch ngn nht
L
khi e chuyn t L.
- Dy Pasen: Nm trong vng hng ngoi. ng vi e chuyn t qu o bn ngoi v qu o M
Lu : Vch di nht
NM
khi e chuyn t N M.
Vch ngn nht
M
khi e chuyn t M.
V. Hp th v phn x lc la nh sng. Mu sc cc vt.
1. Hp th nh sng.
- Hin tng mi trng vt cht lm gim cng ca chm sng truyn qua n gi l hin tng hp th
nh sng.
nh lut v s hp th nh sng: Cng I ca chm sng n sc khi truyn qua mi trng hp th,
gim theo nh lut hm s m ca di ca ng i ca tia sng:
0
d
I I e

Vi I
0
l cng ca chm sng ti mi trng,
l h s hp th ca mi trng.
Hp th lc la: nh sng c bc sng khc nhau th b mi trng hp th nhiu hay t khc nhau. Ni
cch khc s hp th ca nh sng ca mt mi trng c tnh chn lc
- Nhng cht hu nh khng hp th nh sng trong min no ca quang ph c gi gn trong sut vi
min quang ph .
- Nhng vt khng hp th nh sng trong min nhn thy ca quang ph c gi l vt trong sut khng
mu. Nhng vt hp th hon ton nh sng nhn thy th c mu en.
2. Phn x (hoc tn x) lc la. Mu sc cc vt.
- mt s vt, kh nng phn x (hoc tn x) nh sng mn yu khc nhau ph thuc vo bc sng ca nh
sng ti. l phn x (hoc tn x) lc la.
- Mu sc cc vt ph thuc vo vt liu cu to ca vt v mu sc ca nh sng ri vo n.
VI. S pht quang. S lc v Laze.
1. Hin tng pht quang.
- C mt s cht ( th rn, lng hoc kh) khi hp th nng lng di mt dng no th c kh nng pht
ra cc bc x in t trong min nhn thy. Cc hin tng gi l s pht quang.
- Mi cht pht quang c mt quang ph c trng cho n; sau khi ngng kch thch, s pht quang ca mt s
cht cn tip tc ko di thm mt khong thi gian no ri mi ngng hn. Khong thi gian t lc ngng
kch thch n lc ngng pht quang gi l thi gian pht quang.
- Ty theo thi gian pht quang ngi ta chia lm 2 loi pht quang:
+ Hunh quang: l s pht quang c thi gian pht quang ngn (di 10
-8
s), ngha l nh sng pht quang hu
nh tt ngay sau khi tt nh sng kch thch. N thng xy ra vi cht lng v cht kh.
+ Ln quang: L s pht quang c thi gian pht quang di (10
-8
s tr ln). N thng xy ra vi cht rn. Cc
cht rn pht quang loi ny gi l cht ln quang.
nh lut Xtc v s pht quang: nh sng pht quang c bc sng ' di hn bc sng ca nh sng
kch thch : ' > .
ng dng: cc loi hin tng pht quang c rt nhiu ng dng trong khoa hc, k thut v i sng nh
s dng trong cc n ng thp sng, trong cc n mn hnh ca dao ng k in t, ca tivi, my tnh,
s dng sn pht quang qut ln cc bin bo giao thng.
2. S lc v Laze.
a. S pht x cm ng.
- Nu mt nguyn t ang trng thi kch thch, sn sng pht ra mt phtn c nng lng
hf
, bt gp
mt phtn c nng lng ' ng bng hf bay lt qua n, th lp tc nguyn t ny cng pht ra photon
c cng nng lng v bay cng phng vi phtn ' .
- Sng in t ng vi phtn hon ton cng pha v dao ng
trong mt mt phng song song vi mt phng dao ng ca sng
in t ng vi phtn ' .
b. Laze v c im.
- Laze l mt ngun pht ra mt chm sng cng ln da trn vic ng dng ca hin tng pht x cm
ng.
- c im: - Tnh n sc rt cao
- L chm sng kt hp
- C tnh nh hng cao.
- C cng ln.
c. Cc loi laze.
- Laze kh, nh laze He Ne, laze CO
2
.
- Laze rn, nh laze rubi.
- Laze bn dn, nh laze Ga Al As.
Laze bn dn l loi Laze s dng ph bin hin nay.
d. Mt vi ng dng ca laze.
- Thng tin lin lc: s dng trong v tuyn nh v, lin lc v tinh, truyn tin bng cp quang
- Y hc: dao m trong phu thut mt, cha bnh ngoi da (nh tc dng nhit)
- Dng trong cc u c a CD, bt tr bng,
- Dng khoan, ct, ti chnh xc cc vt liu cng nghip.
Chuyn 58: Xc nh cc i lng c trng
0
, A,
max 0
v
,
bh
I
,
h
U
.
Nng lng photon.
A. Tm tt l thuyt v cng thc:
p dng cc cng thc lin quan n hin tng quang in:
- Nng lng ca photon:
2
c m
hc
hf
ph

- ng lng ca photon:
c
h
c m p
ph

, m
ph
l khi lng tng i tnh ca photon.
- Gii hn quang in: 0
hc
A

- Phng trnh Anhxtanh:
2
0
1
2
max
hf A mv +
- Bc x n sc (bc sng ) c pht ra v nng lng ca mi xung l E th s photon pht ra trong
mi giy bng:
hc
E
hf
E E
n

- Vn tc ban u cc i:
m
hc
v

,
_
0
max 0
1 1
2
(trong
25
10 . 9875 , 1

hc )
- in p hm:
2
1
2
omax h
mv eU
- Vt dn c chiu sng: max
2
max 0
2
1
V e mv

( max
V
l in th cc i ca vt dn khi b chiu sng)
- Nu in trng cn l u c cng E v electron bay dc theo ng sc in th:
max
2
max 0
2
1
Ed e mv
(
max
d
l qung ng ti a m electron c th ri xa c Catot.
Ch : Nu chiu vo Catt ng thi 2 bc x
1
,
2
th hin tng quang in xy ra i vi bc x c

bc sng b hn
0

( )
0
f f >
. Nu c 2 bc x cng gy ra hin tng quang in th ta tnh ton vi bc
x c bc sng b hn.
B. Bi tp c hng dn:
V d 1: Catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot bng 3,5eV.
a. Tm tn s gii hn v gii hn quang in ca kim loi y.
b. Khi chiu vo catt mt bc x c bc sng 250 nm
- Tm hiu in th gia A v K dng quang in bng 0.
- Tm ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectron quang in.
- Tm vn tc ca cc lectron quang in khi bt ra khi K.
Hng dn gii:
a. Tn s gii hn quang in:
f = c/
0
= A/h = 3,5.1,6.10
-19
/(6,625.10
-34
) = 0,845.10
15
Hz.
Gii hn quang in:

o
= hc/A = 6,625.10
-34
.3.10
8
/3,5.1,6.10
-19
= 3,55.10
-7
m.
b. dng quang in trit tiu th cng ca in trng phi trit tiu c ng nng ban u cc i ca
lectron quang in.
2 2 34 8
19 0 0
19 8
1 1 6, 625.10 .3.10
( ) ( 3, 5.1, 6.10 )
2 2. 1, 6.10 25.10
h h
mv mv hc
eU U A
e e
U
h
= - 1,47 V
ng nng ban u cc i
2
0
1, 47
2
h
mv
eU eV = 2,352.10
-19
J.
W
=

,
_
,
_
8 8
8 34
0
2
0
10 . 5 , 35
1
10 . 25
1
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
1 1
hc
2
mv
=0,235.10
-18
J
Vn tc ca lectron
5
31
18
0
10 . 19 , 7
10 . 1 , 9
10 . 235 , 0 . 2 2

m
W
v
m/s.
V d 2: Khi chiu bc x c bc sng 0,4 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in, mun trit tiu dng
quang in th hiu in th gia A v K bng -1,25V.
a. Tm vn tc ban u cc i ca cc e quang in.
b. Tm cng thot ca cc e ca kim loi lm catt (tnh ra eV).
Hng dn gii:
a.
31
19
0
2
max 0
10 . 1 , 9
25 , 1 . 10 . 6 , 1 . 2 2
| |
2

m
eU
v eU
mv
h
h
= 0,663.10
6

m/s.
b. Cng thot: ( )
34 8
2
2 31 6
0max 6
1 6, 625.10 .3.10 1
.9,1.10 . 0, 663.10
2 0, 4.10 2
hc
A mv

eV J 855 , 1 10 . 97 , 2
19

.
V d 3: Cng thot ca vnfram l 4,5 eV
a. Tnh gii hn quang in ca vnfram.
b. Chiu vo tm vnfram mt bc x c bc sng th ng nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang in
l 3,6.10
-19
J. Tnh .
c. Chiu vo tm vnfram mt bc x c bc sng . Mun trit tiu dng quang in th phi cn mt hiu
in th hm 1,5V. Tnh ?
Hng dn gii:
a.
276 , 0
10 . 6 , 1 . 5 , 4
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
A
hc
19
8 34
0

m.
b.
34 8
19 19
6, 625.10 .3.10
0,184
4, 5.1, 6.10 3, 6.10
hc hc
A W
A W

+
+ +
m.
c.
( ) ( )
34 8
19 19
6, 625.10 .3.10
' 0, 207
' 4, 5.1, 6.10 1, 5 . 1, 6.10
h
h
hc hc
A eU
A eU

+
+ +
m.
V d 4: Cng ti thiu bc mt lectron ra khi b mt mt tm kim loi ca mt t bo quang in l
1,88eV. Khi chiu mt bc x c bc sng 0,489 m th dng quang in bo ha o c l 0,26mA.
a. Tnh s lectron tch ra khi catt trong 1 pht.
b. Tnh hiu in th hm trit tiu hon ton dng quang in.
Hng dn gii:
a. I
bh
= n
e
= 26.10
-5
A. (n l s lectron tch ra khi catt trong 1s).
n =
14
19
5
10 . 25 , 16
10 . 6 , 1
10 . 26
;
S lectron tch ra khi K trong 1 pht: N=60n = 975.10
14
.
b. eV eV A
hc mv
eU
h
66 , 0 88 , 1 54 , 2 88 , 1
10 . 6 , 1 . 10 . 489 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
2
19 6
8 34 2
0

Hiu in th hm U
h
= 0,66V.
V d 5: Catt ca t bo quang in lm bng xdi (Cs) c gii hn quang in
0
=0,66 m. Chiu vo catt
bc x t ngoi c bc sng =0,33 m. Hiu in th hm U
AK
cn t gia ant v catt trit tiu
dng quang in l bao nhiu?
Hng dn gii:
trit tiu dng quang in, cng ca lc in trng phi trit tiu c ng nng ban u cc i ca
quang lectron (khng c mt lectron no c th n c ant)
( )
( )
2 34 8
0max
6 19
0 0 0
6, 625.10 .3.10
1, 88
2 0, 66.10 . 1, 6.10
AK AK
mv hc hc hc hc
eU U V
e
Nh vy trit tiu hon ton dng quang in th: U

AK
1,88V.
V d 6: Khi chiu ln lt hai bc x c bc sng 0,25 m v 0,3 m vo mt tm kim loi th vn tc
ban u cc i ca cc lectron quang in ln lt l 7,31.10
5
m/s v 4,93.10
5
m/s.
a. Tnh khi lng ca cc lectron.
b. Tnh gii hn quang in ca tm kim loi.
Hng dn gii:
a.
2
mv
A
hc
2
max 01
1
+
;
2
mv
A
hc
2
max 02
2
+
)
2
v
2
v
( m
1 1
hc
2
max 02
2
max 01
2 1

,
_
,
_
,
_
6 6 10 10
8 34
2 1
2
max 02
2
max 01
10 . 3 , 0
1
10 . 25 , 0
1
10 . 3049 , 24 10 . 4361 , 53
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 . 2 1 1 2
v v
hc
m
m= 1,3645.10
-36
.0,667.10
6
= 9,1.10
-31
kg.
b. Gii hn quang in:
( )
J
mv hc
A
mv
A
hc
19
2
5 31
6
8 34 2
max 01
1
2
max 01
1
10 . 52 , 5
2
10 . 31 , 7 . 10 . 1 , 9
10 . 25 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
2
2

+

m m
A
hc
36 , 0 10 . 6 , 3
10 . 52 , 5
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
7
19
8 34
0

V d 7:
a. Khi mt cht b kch thch v pht ra nh sng n sc mu tm c bc sng 0,4 m th nng lng ca
mi phtn pht ra c gi tr l bao nhiu? Bit h =6,625.10
-34
Js; c =3.10
8
m/s.
b. i vi nguyn t hir, khi lectron chuyn t qu o M v qu o K th nguyn t
pht ra phtn c bc sng 0,1026 m. Ly h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, e = 1,6.10
-19
C v c = 3.10
8
m/s.
Nng lng ca phtn ny bng bao nhiu? Nu photon ny truyn vo nc c chit sut
3
4
n
th nng
lng ca n thay i th no?
Hng dn gii:
a. Nng lng ca photon tng ng:
19
6
8 34
min
10 . 97 , 4
10 . 4 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 hc

J.
b. Nng lng ca photon tng ng:
34 8
19 6 19
6, 625.10 .3.10
12,1
.1, 6.10 0,1026.10 .1, 6.10
hc

eV
Tn s ca nh sng s khng thay i khi truyn qua cc mi trng khc nhau nn nng lng ca n
cng khng thay i khi truyn t khng kh vo nc.
V d 8: Cng thot lectron ca mt kim loi l 7,64.10
-19
J. Chiu ln lt vo b mt tm kim
loi ny cc bc x c bc sng l
1
= 0,18 m,
2
= 0,21 m v
3
= 0,35 m .
Ly h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s, c = 3.10
8
m/s.
a. Bc x no gy c hin tng quang in i vi kim loi ?
b. Tnh ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in.
c. Tnh ln ca in p trit tiu dng quang in trn.
Hng dn gii:
a. Gii hn quang in :
34 8
0 19
6, 625.10 .3.10
0, 26
7, 64.10
hc
m
A

Ta c :
1
,
2
<
0
; vy c hai bc x u gy ra hin tng quang in cho kim loi .
b.
1
,
2
gy ra hin tng quang in, chng ta hy tnh ton cho bc x c nng lng ca photon ln hn
(bc x
1
)
b. Theo cng thc Einstein : max 0
1
W A
hc
+

J A
hc
W
19 19
6
8 34
1
max 0
10 . 4 , 3 10 . 64 , 7
10 . 18 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6

Mt khc : s m s m
m
W
v mv W
/ 10 . 65 , 8 / 864650
10 . 1 , 9
10 . 4 , 3 . 2 . 2
2
1
5
31
19
max 0
max 0
2
max 0 max 0

c. ln in p trit tiu dng quang in :

V
e
W
U U e W
h h
125 , 2
10 . 6 , 1
10 . 4 , 3
19
19
max 0
max 0

V d 9: Ngun Laser mnh pht ra nhng xung bc x c nng lng J E 3000 . Bc x pht ra c bc
sng
nm 480
. Tnh s photon trong mi bc x ?
Hng dn gii:
Gi s photon trong mi xung l
n
.
Nng lng ca mi xung Laser: n E (
l nng lng ca mt photon)

21
8 34
9
10 . 25 , 7
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
10 . 480 . 3000

hc
E E
n

photon
V d 10: Thc hin tnh ton tr li cc cu hi sau:
a. Electron phi c vn tc bng bao nhiu ng nng ca n bng nng lng ca mt photon nh sng c
bc sng
0
5200 A ?
b. Nng lng ca photon phi bng bao nhiu khi lng ca n bng nng lng ngh ca electron? Cho
khi lng ngh ca electron l
kg m
e
31
10 . 1 , 9

.
Hng dn gii:
a. Theo bi ra:
hc
W
e

hc
v m
e

2
2
1
s m
m
hc
v
e
/ 10 . 17 , 9
10 . 5200 . 10 . 1 , 9
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 . 2 2
5
10 31
8 34

b. Nng lng ca photon:

2
c m E
ph
Khi lng ca electron bng khi lng ngh ca electron

( )
e ph
m m
nn:
( ) MeV J c m E
e
51 , 0 10 . 19 , 8 10 . 3 . 10 . 1 , 9
14
2
8 31 2

V d 11: Cho cng thot ca ng bng 4,47eV.
a. Tnh gii hn quang in ca ng?
b. Chiu bc x c bc sng
m 14 , 0
vo qu cu bng ng t xa cc vt khc th qu cu c tch
n in th cc i bng bao nhiu? Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in ?
c. Chiu bc x in t vo qu cu bng ng t xa cc vt khc th qu cu c tch n in th cc i
V V 3
max

. Tnh bc song ca bc x v vn tc ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in trong
trng hp ny?
Hng dn gii:
a.
nm m
A
hc
278 10 . 278
9
0

b. Theo cng thc Einstein:

2
max 0
2
1
mv A
hc
+
M in th cc i ca vt tnh theo cng thc:

max
2
max 0
2
1
V e mv

+
max
V e A
hc
V
e
A
hc
V 4 , 4
10 . 6 , 1
10 . 6 , 1 . 47 , 4
10 . 14 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
19
19
6
8 34
max

Li c:
max
2
max 0
2
1
V e mv
s m
m
V e
v / 10 . 244 , 1
10 . 1 , 9
4 , 4 . 10 . 6 , 1 . 2
. 2
6
31
19
max
max 0

c. Tng t cu b:
+
'
max
V e A
hc
nm m
V e A
hc
166 10 . 166
9
'
max

+

'
max
2
max 0
2
1
V e mv
s m
m
V e
v / 10 . 03 , 1
. 2
6
'
max '
max 0

C. Cu hi v bi tp t luyn tp:
2604. Catt ca t bo quang in lm bng Cs c
0
= 0,6 m. Cho khi lng lectron l m = 9,1.10
-31
kg,
in tch lectron l e = 1,6.10
-19
C; hng s Plng l h = 6,625.10
-34
Js, vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c =
3.10
8
m/s. Chiu vo catt bc x c bc sng = 0,33 m.. trit tiu dng quang in U
AK
phi tho
mn:
A. U
AK
- 1,70V. B. U
AK
- 2,04V. C. U
AK
- 1,16V. D. U
AK
- 2,35V.
2605. Chiu tia t ngoi c bc sng 0,25 m vo catt ca t bo quang in ph Na c gii hn quang
in 0,5 m . Cho hng s Plng l h = 6,625.10
-34
Js, vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m/s. ng
nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang in l
A. 2,75.10
-19
J. B. 3,97. 10
-19
J. C. 4,15. 10
-19
J. D. 3,18. 10
-19
J.
2606. Nng lng ca photon ng vi nh sng tm c = 0,41m l:
A. 4,85.10
-19
J B. 4,85.10
-25
J C. 3,03ev D. Av C u ng
2607. Khi chiu 2 nh sng c tn s f
1
= 10
15
Hz v f
2
= 1,5.10
15
Hz vo mt kim loi lm katt th t s cc
ng nng ban u cc i cc electron quang in l bng 3. Tn s gii hn ca kim loi d l
A. 10
15
Hz B. 1,5.10
15
Hz C. 7,5.10
14
Hz D. Gi tr khc
2608. Gii hn quang in ca Natri l 0,5m th cng thot ca electron khi b mt kim loi l
A. 3,97.10
-19
J B. 0,25.10
-19
J C. 4,42.10
-19
J D. Gi tr khc
Dng bi ny tr li cc cu 2609, 2610, 2611:
Chiu mt bc x c bc sng
0,18 m
vo bn m ca mt t bo quang in. Kim loi dng lm m
cc c gii hn quang in l
0
0, 3 m
2609. Tm cng thot ca in t bt ra khi kim loi
A.
19
0, 6625.10
(J) B.
49
6, 625.10
(J) C.
19
6, 625.10
(J) D.
49
0, 6625.10
(J)
2610. Tm vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang electron
A.
5
0, 0985.10 m/s B.
5
0, 985.10 m/s C.
5
9, 85.10 m/s D.
5
98, 5.10 m/s
2611. trit tiu dng quang in ta phi t vo anod v catod mt hiu in th hm U
h
bng bao nhiu?
A. 2,76V B. -27,6V C. -2,76V D. -0,276V
2612. Bit gii hn quang in ca mt kim loi l
0, 36 m
. Tnh cng that electron. Cho
h =
34
6, 625.10
Js; c =
8
3.10 m/s
A.
19
5, 52.10
J B.
19
55, 2.10
J C.
19
0, 552.10
J D.
19
552.10
J
2613. Gii hn quang in km l
0, 36 m
, cng thot ca km ln hn ca natri l 1,4 ln. Tm gii hn
quang in ca natri
A. 0,504m B. 0,504mm C.
0, 504 m
D.
5, 04 m
2614. Chiu chm sng c bc sng
0
4000 A
vo t bo quang in. Tm hiu in th hm, bit cng
thot ca kim loi lm catod l 2eV
A. U
h
= -1,1V B. U
h
= -11V C. U
h
= -0,11V D. U
h
= 1,1V
bi ny dng tr li cc cu 2615, 2616, 2617:
Catod ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot A = 3,5eV. Cho h =
34
6, 625.10
Js; m =
31
9,1.10
kg;
e
19
1, 6.10
C
2615. Tnh gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng lm catod
A.
355 m
B.
35, 5 m
C.
3, 55 m
D.
0, 355 m
2616. Tm vn tc ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in bt ra khi catod khi c chiu sng bng bc
x c bc sng
0, 25 m
A.
5
0, 718.10 / m s B.
5
7,18.10 / m s C.
5
71,8.10 / m s D.
5
0, 0718.10 / m s
2617. Tm hiu in th cn phi t gia anod v catod lm trit tiu hon ton dng quang in
A. -0,146V B. 1,46V C. -14,6V D. -1,46V
Cng thot ca electron khi ng l 4,47eV. Cho h =
34
6, 625.10
Js; c =
8
3.10 m/s;
m
e
=
31
9,1.10
kg; e =
19
1, 6.10
C
2618. Tnh gii hn quang in ca ng
A.
0, 278 m
B.
2, 78 m
C.
0, 287 m
D.
2, 87 m
2619. Khi chiu bc x in t c bc sng
0,14 m
vo mt qu cu bng ng t xa cc vt khc th
qu cu c tch in n in th cc i. Khi vn tc cc i ca quang electron l bao nhiu?
A.
6
1, 24.10 m/s B.
6
12, 4.10 m/s C.
6
0,142.10 m/s D.
6
1, 42.10 m/s
2620. Chiu mt bc x in t vo mt qu cu bng ng t xa cc vt khc th qu cu t c in th
cc i 3V. Hy tnh bc sng ca bc x v vn tc ban u cc i ca quang electron?
A.
7 6
0 ax
1, 66.10 ; 1, 03.10 /
m
v m s

B.
7 6
0 ax
16, 6.10 ; 1, 03.10 /
m
v m s

C.
7 6
0 ax
1, 66.10 ; 10, 3.10 /
m
v m s

D.
7 6
0 ax
16, 6.10 ; 10, 3.10 /
m
v m s

2621. Chiu mt bc x c bc sng
0, 450 m
vo b mt catod ca mt t bo quang in ta c dng
quang in bo ha c cng i. C th lm trit tiu dng quang in ny bng mt hiu in th hm U
h
=
1,26V. Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang in cho e =
19
1, 6.10
C; m =
31
9,1.10
kg
A.
6
0, 0666.10 / m s B.
6
0, 666.10 / m s C.
6
6, 66.10 / m s D.
6
66, 6.10 / m s
2622. Gii hn quang in ca Rubi l
0
0,81 m
. Xc nh vn tc cc i ca cc electron quang in
khi chiu nh sng n sc c bc sng
0, 40 m
vo Rubi:
A. 0,744.10
5
m/s B. 7,44.10
5
m/s c. 0,474.10
5
m/s D. 4,74.10
5
m/s
2623. Nng lng ti thiu bc mt electron ra khi mt mt kim loi Csi l 1,88eV. Dng tm kim loi
lm catt ca mt t bo quang in. chiu vo tm kim loi y 1 nh sng c bc sng
0, 489 m
th c dng quang in chy qua t bo quang in. trit tiu dng quang in trn ta phi t vo gia ant
v catt mt hiu in th hm bng bao nhiu:
A. 0,66V B. 6,6V C. -0,66V D. -6,6V
2624. trit tiu dng quang in ta dng hiu in th hm 3V, vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang
in
A. 2,03.10
5
m/sB. 2,03.10
6
m/s C. 1,03.10
5
m/s D. 1,03.10
6
m/s
2625. Chiu nh sng c bc sng
0, 35 m
vo catt ca mt t bo quang in, bit kim loi dng lm
catt c cng thot 2,48eV, khi ta c dng quang in. trit tiu dpngf quang in ny ta phi t gia
ant v catt mt hiu in th hm bng bao nhiu:
A. -1,07V B. 1.07V C. 0.17V D. -10,7V
2626. Chiu bc x c bc sng
0, 438 m
vo catt ca t bo quang in. Cho h =
34
6, 625.10
Js; c =
8
3.10 m/s;
19 31
1, 6.10 ; 9,1.10 e C m kg

. Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang in t (nu c) khi
catt l km c cng thot A
0
= 56,8.10
-20
J v khi catt l kali c gii hn quang in
0
0, 62 m
A. Xy ra i vi catt l kali v v
0
= 0,541.10
6
m/s
B. Xy ra i vi catt l kali v v
0
= 5,41.10
6
m/s
C. Xy ra i vi catt l km v v
0
= 2,615.10
6
m/s
D. Xy ra i vi catt l km v v
0
= 26,15.10
6
m/s
2627. Nng lng ca photon ng vi nh sng tm c = 0,41m l:
A. 4,85.10
-19
J B. 4,85.10
-25
J C. 3,03ev D. Av C u ng
2628. Chiu bc x in t c bc sng = 0,14
m vo catt ca t bo quang in bng ng, cng

thot ca ng A=4,47eV. Cho bit: h=6,625.10
-34
J.s; c=3.10
8
m/s, e = 1,6.10
-19
C. Tr li cc cu hi sau:
a. Gii hn quang in ca ng:
A. 0,478
m B. 0,406
m C. 0,387
m D. 0,278
m
b. Tnh ng nng ban u cc i ca lectron quang in c bt ra khi catt.
A. 7,044.10
-19
J. B.0,406
m C.7,144.10
-19
J D. 7,204.10
-19
J
c. Phi t hiu in th hm bng bao nhiu trit tiu dng quang in trong t bo quang in.
A. 4,50V B. 4,48V C. 4,40V D.4,02V
2629. Chiu chm bc x c bc sng = 0,2
m vo mt tm km loi, cc lectron quang in bn ra c

ng nng cc i bng 5eV. Khi chiu vo tm kim loi 2 bc x c bc sng
1
= 1,6
m v
2
=
0,1
m th c hin tng quang in xy ra khng? Nu c tnh ng nng cc i ca cc lectron quang

in bn ra? Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s.
2630. Gii hn quang in ca Natri l 0,5m th cng thot ca electron khi b mt kim loi l
A. 3,97.10
-19
J B. 0,25.10
-19
J C. 4,42.10
-19
J D. Gi tr khc
2631. Gii hn quang in ca Natri l 0,5m, chiu vo Natri nh sng c bc sng 0,25m th ng nng
ban u cc i ca electron quang in l
A. 0,25.10
-19
J B. 3,97.10
-19
J C. 4,42.10
-19
J D. Gi tr khc
2632. Chiu bc x in t c bc sng vo catot ca t bo quang in th lectron quang in b bt ra
c ng nng ban u cc i bng 2,43.10
-19
J. Cho bit cng thot ca kim li lm catt l 5,52.10
-19
J.
a. Tnh gii hn quang in ca kim loi lm catt?
b. Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca lectron quang in v bc sng ?
b. Chiu ng thi 2 bc x in t c bc sng
1
= 0,5
m v
2
= 0,4
m vo catt ca t bo quang
in trn, phi t hiu in th hm bng bao nhiu trit tiu dng quang in? Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c =
3.10
8
m/s.
2633. Cng thot ca electron ca mt qu cu kim loi l 2,36eV chiu nh sng kch thch c bc sng
0,3m. Qu cu t c lp c in th cc i l
A. 1,78V B. 1,5V C. 1,3V D. 1,1V
2634. Ca tt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot A=2,4(eV). Chiu vo ca tt mt chm bc x m ftn c
nng lng 3,2(eV). dng quang in trit tiu phi t vo A,K mt hiu in th :
A.U
AK
=0,8(V) B.U
AK
=8(V) C.U
KA
= 0,8(V) D.U
KA
=8(V)
2635. Chiu mt chm nh sng n sc c bc sng 400 nm vo catt ca mt t bo quang in, c lm
bng Na. Gii hn quang in ca Na l 0,50 . Vn tc ban u cc i ca lectron quang in l. Chn
mt p n di y
A. 6,33.10
5
m/s; B.5,4510
5
m/s; C. 4,67.10
5
m/s; D. 3,28.10
5
m/s
2636. Chiu mt bc x c bc sng = 0,18 m vo bn m cc ca mtt bo quang in.Kim loi dng
lm m cc c gii hn quang in l
0
= 0,3 m.Cng thot ca in t bt ra khi kim loi l:
A.0,6625.10
-19
J. B.6,625.10
-29
J. C.6,625.10
-19
J. D.0,6625. 10
-29
J.
2637. Chiu mt bc x c bc sng = 0,18 m vo bn m cc ca mtt bo quang in.Kim loi dng
lm m cc c gii hn quang in l
0
= 0,3 m.Vn tc ban u ca i ca cc quang eletron l:
A.0,0985.10
5
m/s B. 0, 985.10
5
m/s. C. 9,85.10
5
m/s. D. 98,5.10
5
m/s.
2638..Cng thot ca kim loi lm catt l A = 2,25 eV. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s.Gii hn quang
in ca kim loi dng lm catt l:
A.0,558.10
-6
m B.5,58.10
-6
m C.0,552.10
-6
m D. 0,552.10
-6
m.
2639. Chiu vo b mt catt ca mt t bo quang in mt bc x c bc sng
m 405 , 0
, ta thu c
dng quang in bo ho c cng i. C th lm trit tiu dng quang in ny bng mt hiu in th hm
U
h
= -1,26V. Tm cng thot ca electron i vi kim loi lm catt
A. 1,8V B. 8,1V C. 1,8eV D. 8,1eV
2640. Chiu mt chm nh sng c tn s f = 7.10
8
Hz ln lt vo hai bn kim loi nhm v ka li. Gii hn
quang in ca nhm
01
=0,36
m, ca kali
02
=0,55
m. Hin tng g s xy ra khi chiu chm nh

sng vo bn nhm v bn kali. Tnh vn tc ban u cc i cua lectron quang in khi bt ra khi bn
kim loi? Cho bit: h = 6,625.10
34
J.s; c =3.10
8
m/s, m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg.
2641. Ln lt chiu 2 bc x c tn s f
1
=0,75.10
15
Hz v f
2
= 0,5.10
15
Hz vo b mt ca nti v o hiu in
th hm tng ng U
1
= 1,05V v U
2
= 0,03V. Tnh cng thot ca na tri? Cho bit h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s.
2642. Chiu vo b mt catt ca mt t bo quang in mt bc x c bc sng = 0,405 m,ta c
mt dng quang in bo ha c cng i.C th lm trit tiu dng quang in ny bng mt hiu in th
hm c ln 1,26 V. Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s; |e| = 1,6.10
-19
C. Cng thot ca electron i vi
kim loi lm catt c gi tr l:
A. 1,8 V B. 8,1 V C. 1,8 eV D. 8,1 eV.
2643. Ln lt chiu 2 bc x c tn s f
1
= 9,375.10
14
Hz v f
2
= 5,769.10
14
Hz vo mt tm kim loi lm catt
ca t bo quang in, ngi ta o c t s cc vn tc ban u cc i ca cc lectron quang in bng 2.
Tnh cng thot ca kim loi ? Cho bit: h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s.
2644. Mt in cc phng bng nhm c chiu bng nh sng t ngoi c bc sng 83nm . Hi
electron quang in c th ri xa mt in cc mt khong l ti a l bao nhiu. Nu bn ngoi in cc c
mt in trng cn E = 7,5V/cm. bit gii hn quang in ca nhm l
0
332nm
A. 0,15m B. 0,51m C. 1,5.10
-2
m D. 5,1.10
-2
m
2645. Khi chiu ln lt 2 bc x in t c bc sng
1
0, 25 m
v
2
0, 3 m
vo mt tm kim loi,
ngi ta thy vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang in ln lt l v
1
=7,31.10
5
m/s, v
2
=4,93.10
5
m/s.
Xc nh khi lng ca electron.
A. m = 0,91.10
-31
kg B. m = 1,9.10
-31
kg C. 9,1.10
-31
kg D. 1,6.10
-19
kg
2646. Khi chiu bc x c tn s f
1
= 2,2.10
15
Hz vo mt kim loi th c hin tng quang in v cc quang
electron bn ra u b gi li bi hiu in th hm U
1
= 6,6V. Cn khi chiu bc x f
2
= 2,538.10
15
Hz vo kim
loi th cc quang electron bn ra u b gi li bi hiu in th hm U
2
= 8V. Xc nh hng s Plank
A. 6,627.10
-34
Js B. 6,625.10
-34
Js C. 6,265.10
-34
Js D. 6,526.10
-34
Js
2647. Chiu mt chm bc x n sc vo catt ca t bo quang in trit tiu dng quang in th hiu
in th hm c gi tr tuyt i l 1,9V. Vn tc ban u cc i ca quang electron l bao nhiu?
A. 5,2.10
5
m/s; B. 6,2.10
5
m/s; C. 7,2.10
5
m/s; D. 8,2.10
5
m/s
2648. Chiu mt chm nh sng n sc c bc sng 400nm vo catt ca mt t bo quang in, c lm
bng Na. Gii hn quang in ca Na l 0,50 m. Vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang in l
A. 3.28.10
5
m/s; B. 4,67.10
5
m/s; C. 5,45.10
5
m/s; D. 6,33.10
5
m/s
2649. Chiu vo catt ca mt t bo quang in mt chm bc x n sc c bc sng 0,330 m. trit
tiu dng quang in cn mt hiu in th hm c gi tr tuyt i l 1,38V. Cng thot ca kim loi dng
lm catt l
A. 1,16eV; B. 1,94eV; C. 2,38eV; D. 2,72eV
2650. Chiu mt chm bc x n sc vo catt ca t bo quang in trit tiu dng quang in th hiu
in th hm c gi tr tuyt i l 1,9V. Vn tc ban u cc i ca quang electron l bao nhiu?
A. 5,2.10
5
m/s; B. 6,2.10
5
m/s; C. 7,2.10
5
m/s; D. 8,2.10
5
m/s
2651. Khi chiu mt chm sng n sc vo mt kim loi c hin tng quang in xy ra. Nu dng mt
hiu in th hm bng 3,0 V th cc quang electron khng ti ant c. Cho bit tn s gii hn ca kim
loi l
( ) C e s J h s f
19 34 1 14
0
10 . 6 , 1 , . 10 . 625 , 6 , 10 . 6

. Tn s ca chm nh sng ti s l
A. 1,5.10
14

H
Z
;
B. 1,25.10
14

H
Z
; C.
13,25.10
14

H
Z
; D.
25.10
14

H
Z
;
2652. Khi chiu mt bc x in t n sc bc sng =0,41m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in th c
hin tng quang in xy ra. trit tiu dng quang in ngi ta t mt hiu in th ngc l
0,76V. Cho
34 8 -19
h 6, 625.10 Js, c=3.10 m/ s, 1eV=1,6.10 J
. Cng thot ca electron i vi kim loi dng lm

catt s l
A. 36,32.10
-20
J B. 3,3125.10
-20
J C. 0,3125.10
-20
J D. 33,25.10
-20
J
2653. Kim loi dng lm ca tt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot A=2,2eV. Chiu vo ca tt mt bc
x in t c bc sng . Bit U
h
=0,4V, vn tc ban u cc i ca e l bao nhiu?
A. 3,75.10
5
m/s; B. 3,5.10
5
m/s; C. 3,75.10
4
m/s; D. 3,5.10
4
m/s.
2654. Chiu mt chm bc x n sc c bc sng 0,276 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in th hiu
in hm c gi tr tuyt i bng 2V. Cng thot ca kim loi dng lm catt l
A. 2,5eV; B. 2,0eV; C. 1,5eV; D. 0,5eV
2655. Chiu mt chm bc x n sc c bc sng 0,5 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in c gii hn
quang in l 0,66 m. Vn tc ban u cc i ca electron quang in l
A. 2,5.10
5
m/s; B. 3,7.10
5
m/s; C. 4,6.10
5
m/s; D. 5,2.10
5
m/s
2656. Chiu mt chm bc x n sc c bc sng 0,5 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in c gii hn
quang in l 0,66 m. Hiu in th cn t gia ant v catt trit tiu dng quang in l
A. 0,2V; B. - 0,2V; C. 0,6V; D. - 0,6V
2657. Cong thoat electron ra khoi kim loai A = 6,625.10
-19
J, hang so Plang h =
6,625.10
-34
Js, van toc anh sang trong chan khong c = 3.10
8
m/s. Gii han quang
ien cua kim loai o la
A. 0,300 m. B. 0,295 m. C. 0,375 m. D. 0,250 m.
2658. Chiu mt chm bc x n sc vo catot ca t bo quang in, trit tiu dng quang in th hiu
in th hm U
h
= -1,9 V . Vn tc ban u cc i ca quang electron l :
A. 5,2.10
5
m/s. B. 6,2.10
5
m/s. C. 7,2.10
5
m/s. D. 8,2.10
5
m/s.
2659. Chiu chm bc x c bc sng 0,18 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in lm bng kim loi c
gii hn quang in l 0,3 m. Tm vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang electron.
A. 0,0985.10
5
m/s. B. 0,985.10
5
m/s. C. 9.85.10
5
m/s. D. 98,5.10
5
m/s.
gii hn quang in l 0,3 m. in p hm lm trit tiu dng quang in l
A. 2,76V. B. 27,6V. C. 2,76V. D. 0,276V.
2661. Gii han quang ien cua kem la 0,36 m,cong thoat cua kem ln hn
cua Natri la 1,4 lan.Gii han quang ien cua Natri la
A.0,504 m B.0,504 mm C.0,504 m D.5,04 m
cng thot electron l 2eV. in p hm trit tiu dng quang in l
A. -1,1V. B. -11V. C. 1,1V. D. 0,11V.
2663. Cng thot electron khi ng l 4,57eV. Chiu chm bc x in t c bc sng vo mt qu cu
bng ng t xa cc vt khc th qu cu t c in th cc i 3V. Bc sng ca chm bc x in t
l
A. 1,32 m. B. 0,132 m. C. 2,64 m. D. 0,164 m.
2664. Khi chiu mt chm bc x c bc sng = 0,33 m vo catt ca mt t bo quang in th in p
hm l U
h
. c in p hm U
h
vi gi tr |U
h
| gim 1V so vi |U
h
| th phi dng bc xa c bc sng
bng bao nhiu?
A. 0,225 m. B. 0,325 m. C. 0,425. D. 0,449 m.
2665. Cng thot electron khi ng l 4,57eV. Khi chiu bc x c bc sng = 0,14 m vo mt qu cu
bng ng t xa cc vt khc th qu cu c tch in n in th cc i l
A. 0,43 V. B. 4,3V. C. 0,215V. D. 2,15V.
2666. Chiu bc x t ngoi c = 0,25 m vo mt tm kim loi c cng thot 3,45 eV. Vn tc ban u
cc i ca lectron quang in l:
A. 7,3.10
5
m/s. B. 7,3.10
-6
m/s. C. 73.10
6
m/s. D. 6.10
5
m/s.
2667. Gii hn quang in ca canxi l
0
= 0,45 m th cng thot electron ra khi b mt canxi l :
A. 5,51.10
-19
J B. 3,12.10
-19
J C. 4,41.10
-19
J D. 4,5.10
-19
J
2668. Nng lng photon ca tia Rnghen c bc sng 0,05 l :
A. 39,72.10
-15
J B. 49,7.10
-15
J C. 42.10
-15
J D. 45,67.10
-15
J
2669 Mt t bo quang in c catt bng Na , cng thot electron ca Na bng 2,1 eV . Gii hn quang in
ca Na l :
A. 0,49 m B. 0,55 m C. 0,59 m D. 0,65 m
2670 Mt t bo quang in c catt bng Na , cng thot electron ca Na bng 2,1 eV . Chiu vo catt bc
x c bc sng 0,42 m . Hiu in th hm c tr s l :
A. 0,85V B. 0,2V C. 0,4V D. 0,25V
2671.. Catt ca t bo quang in c gii hn quang in l 0,66m . Khi chiu vo catt bc x c bc
sng th ng nng ban u cc i ca electron quang in b bc ra khi catt l 3.10
-19
J . c gi tr l
A. 0,33 m B. 0,033 m C. 0,55 m D. 0,5 m
2672. Chiu bc x in t c bc sng = 0,33
m ln mt tm kim loi dng lm

Katt ca t bo quang in c gii hn quang in
0
= 0,66
m hiu in th ga
Ant v Katt l U
AK
=1,5V. ng nng cc i ca quang electron khi p vo Ant l :
A. 5,41.10
-19
J B. 5,35.10
-19
J C. 6,42.10
-19
J D.
7,47.10
-19
J
2673. Cng thot ca electron ra khi ng l 4,47 eV. Khi chiu bc x in t c bc
sng = 0,14
m vo qu cu bng dng t xa cc vt khc th qu cu c tch

in n in th cc i l: (h = 6,625.10
-34
Js; c = 3.10
8
m/s;
e = - 1,6.10
-19
C; m
e
= 9,1.10
-31
kg)
A.2,4V. B.4V. C. 4,4V.
D. 6,4V.
2674 Cong thoat electron khoi ong la 4,57eV. Chieu chum bc xa ien t
co bc song vao mot qua cau bang ong at xa cac vat khac th
qua cau at c ien the cc ai 3V. Bc song cua chum bc xa ien
t o la
A. 1,32 m. B. 0,132 m. C. 2,64 m. D. 0,164 m.
2675. Chieu chum bc xa co bc song 0,18 m vao catot cua mot te
bao quang ien lam bang kim loai co gii han quang ien la 0,3 m. Tm
van toc ban au cac ai cua cac quang electron.
A. 0,0985.10
5
m/s. B. 0,985.10
5
m/s. C. 9.85.10
5
m/s. D.
98,5.10
5
m/s.
bao quang ien lam bang kim loai co gii han quang ien la 0,3 m. Hieu
ien the ham e lam triet tieu dong quang ien la
A. 2,76V. B. 27,6V. C. 2,76V. D. 0,276V.
2677. Trong hien tng quang ien,so electron en c anot trong 10 s la
3.10
16
.Cng o dong quang ien la
A.0,48 A. B.4,8 A. C.0,48 mA. D.4,8 A.
bao quang ien lam bang kim loai co cong thoat electron la 2eV. Hieu ien
the ham e triet tieu dong quang ien la
A. -1,1V. B. -11V. C. 1,1V. D. 0,11V.
2679. Cho khi lng lectron lag m = 9,1.10
-31
kg, in tch lectron e = 1,6.10
-19
C. Vn tc ban u cc i
ca cc lectron quang in bng bao nhiu? Bit hiu in th hm bng 45,5 V.
A. 3,2.10
6
m/s. B. 1,444.10
6
m/s. C. 4.10
6
m/s. D. 1,6.10
-6
m/s.
2680. Nng lng ca phtn l 2,8.10
-19
J. Cho hng s Plng h = 6,625.10
-34
Js, vn tc ca nh sng trong
chn khng c = 3.10
8
m/s. Bc sng ca nh sng l
A. 0,71 m. B. 0,66 m. C. 0,45 m. D. 0,58 m.
2681. Cng thot i vi Csi l A = 1eV. Cho khi lng lectron l m = 9,1.10
-31
kg, in tch lectron l e
= 1,6.10
-19
C; hng s Plng l h = 6,625.10
-34
Js, vn tc nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m/s. Vn tc ban
u cc i ca cc lectron quang in khi chiu vo csi nh sng c bc sng 0,5 m l
A. 7,3.10
5
m/s. B. 4.10
6
m/s. C. 5.10
5
m/s. D. 6,25.10
5
m/s.
Chuyn 59: Chuyn ng ca electron trong in trng u v t tr-
ng u: Tnh vn tc ca e khi n c tng tc bi in p U, tnh bn
knh qu o trn ca electron trong t trng u.
- in p U tng tc cho electron:
2
2
1
v m eU
e
2
0
2
1
v m
e
(
0
v
v
v
ln lt l vn tc u v vn tc sau khi tng tc ca e).
- Trong in trng u: d
F e E
r r
ln:
E e F
- Trong t trng u: B qua trng lc ta ch xt lc

Lorenx:

sin vB e f
( ) B v

,
Nu vn tc ban u vung gc vi cm ng t: lectron chuyn ng trn u vi
bn knh

. m v
R
e B
; bn knh cc i:
B e
mv
R
max 0
max

Nu vn tc ban u xin gc
vi cm ng t: lectron chuyn ng theo vng

xon c vi bn knh vng c:
sin
max 0
B e
mv
R
B. Bi tp c hng dn:
V d1: Chiu bc x in t vo catt ca t bo quang in to ta dng quang in bo ha. Ngi ta c th
trit tiu dng quang in bo ha ny bng in p hm
V U
h
3 , 1
. Dng mn chn tch ra mt chm hp
cc electron quang in v cho n i qua mt t trng u c cm ng t T B
5
10 . 6

theo phng vung
gc vi
B
.
a. Tnh vn tc ban u cc i ca cc quang electron.
b. Tnh lc tc dng ln electron.
c. Bn knh qu o ca electron trong t trng.
Hng dn gii:
a. Ta c:
h
eU mv
2
max 0
2
1

( )
s m
m
eU
v
h
/ 10 . 76 , 6
10 . 1 , 9
3 , 1 ). 10 . 6 , 1 .( 2 2
5
31
19
max 0

b. Lc tc dng ln electron chnh l lc Lo-ren-x, tnh bi biu thc :

sin vB e f
Trong
l gc hp bi
max o
v
v
B
, y
0
90 .
Vy :
N vB e f
18 5 5 19
10 . 5 , 6 10 . 6 . 10 . 76 , 6 . 10 . 6 , 1

c. Bn knh ca electron :
cm m
B e
mv
R 4 , 6 064 , 0
max 0

.
2682. Catot ca mt t bo quang ph c ph mt lp Cxi, c cng thot l 1,9eV. Catot c chiu sng
bi mt chm nh sng n sc c bc sng
0, 56 m
. Dng mu chn tch ra mt chm hp cc
electron quang in v hng n vo mt t trng u c
B
ur
vung gc vi
ax m
v
uuur
ca electron v B = 6,1.10
-5
T. Xc nh bn knh ca qu o cc electron i trong t trng.
A. 0.36cm B. 0,63cm C. 3,16cm D. 6,03cm
2683. Chieu bc xa n sac bc song =0,533(m) vao mot tam kim loai co
cong thoat electron A=3.10
19
J .Dung man chan tach ra mot chum hep
electron quang ien va cho chung bay vao mot mien t trng eu co cam
ng t
B
ur
. Hng chuyen ong cua electron quang ien vuong goc vi
B
ur
.
Biet ban knh cc ai cua quy ao cac electron la R = 22,75mm .Tm o ln
cam ng t B cua t trng.
A. B = 2.10
4
(T) B. B = 10
4
(T) C. B = 1,2.10
4
(T) D. B = 0,92.10
4
(T)
2684. Dng mn chn tch ra mt chm hp cc electron quang in v hng n vo mt t trng u c
vc t cm ng t
B
vung gc vi vect vn tc ca cc electron quang in. T trng c cm ng t

B=9,1.10
-5
T , ng knh cc i ca qu o cc electron quang in l 4,0cm. Vn tc cc i ca cc
electron quang in l:
A. 6,4.10
5
m/s. B. 3,2.10
3
m/s. C. 3,2.10
5
m/s. D. 6,4.10
3
m/s.
bi ny dng tr li cho cc cu 2685, 2686, 2687:
Khi chiu mt bc x in t vo b mt catt ca mt t bo quang in, to ra dng quang in bo ha.
Ngi ta c th lm trit tiu dng in ny bng mt hiu in th hm c gi tr 1,3V. Dng mn chn tch
ra mt chm hp cc electron quang in v cho i vo mt t trng u c B = 6.10
-5
T. Cho
19 31
1, 6.10 ; 9,1.10
e
e C m kg

2685. Cho vn tc cc i
m v
r
ca quang electron.
A. 0,68.10
5
m/s B. 0,68.10
6
m/s C. 0,86.10
5
m/s D. 0,86.10
6
m/s
2686. Tnh lc tc dng ln electron:
A. 6,528.10
-17
N B. 6,528.10
-18
N C. 5,628.10
-17
N D. 5,628.10
-18
N
2687. Tnh bn knh qu o ca electron chuyn ng trong t trng:
A. 0,64m B. 0,064m C. 0,046m D. 0,46m
Chuyn 60: Tnh dng quang in bo ha (s e n anot trong mt
n v thi gian), cng sut ngun sng (s photon pht ra trong mt n
v thi gian), hiu sut lng t
1. Cng sut ca ngun sng.

. P n
IS

e H
I
hc
P P
n
bh

l s photon ca ngun sng pht ra trong mi giy;
l lng t nng lng

(photon); ( I l cng ca chm sng, H l hiu sut lng t)
2. Cng dng in bo ha.

e Hn e n
t
q
I
e bh

t
N
e
I
n
bh
e

N l s electron n c Ant trong thi gian t giy
e
n
l s lectron n Ant trong mi giy.
e
l in tch nguyn t
19
1, 6.10 e C
3. Hiu sut lng t.

e P
hcI
e P
I
n
n
H
bh bh

'
' n l s lectron bt ra khi Katt kim loi trong mi giy.
n
l s photon p vo Katt trong mi giy.

- Gi P l cng sut ca ngun sng pht ra bc x ng hng, d l ng knh ca con ngi.
nhy ca mt l n photon lt vo mt trong 1(s). Khong cch xa nht m mt cn trng thy ngun sng
bng:

nhc
P d
n
P d
D

4 4
max

Ch : Khi dng quang in bo ho th n = n
e
B. Bi tp c hng dn:
V d 1: Chiu bc x c bc sng
m 405 , 0
vo catot ca t bo quang in th dng quang in bo
ha l
mA I
bh
98
, dng in ny c th b trit tiu bi in p
V U
h
26 , 1
.
a. Tm cng thot ca kim loi lm catot v
max 0
v
b. Gi s hiu sut lng t l 50%. Tnh cng sut ca ngun sng chiu vo catot (coi ton b cng sut ca
ngun sng chiu vo catot).
Hng dn gii:
a. Ta c:
h
eU A
hc
+

( )( ) eV J eU
hc
A
h
8 , 1 10 . 88 , 2 26 , 1 10 . 6 , 1
10 . 405 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
19 19
6
8 34

Li c:
h
eU mv
2
max 0
2
1
( ) ( )
s m
m
eU
v
h
/ 10 . 6 , 6
10 . 1 , 9
26 , 1 . 10 . 6 , 1 . 2 2
5
31
19
max 0

b. S electron n c catot l:
e
I
n
bh
e

Hiu sut lng t l:

n
n
n
n
H
e

'
H
n
n
e
(dng quang in bo ha nn
e
n n '
)
Suy ra:
H e
I
n
bh
Cng sut ca ngun sng:
hc
H e
I
n P
bh
.
Thay s:
W P 6 , 0
10 . 405 , 0
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
.
5 , 0 . 10 . 6 , 1
. 10 . 98
6
8 34
19
3

V d 2: Catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot l 2,26eV. B mt catt c chiu bi bc x c

bc sng 0,4 m.
a. Tnh tn s ca gii hn quang in.
b. B mt catt nhn c mt cng sut chiu sng l 3mW. Tnh s phtn m b mt catt nhn c trong
30s.
c. Cho hiu sut quang in bng 67%. Tnh s lectron quang in bt ra trong mi giy v cng dng
quang in bo ha.
Hng dn gii:
a.
15
34
19
0
0
10 . 5458 , 0
10 . 625 , 6
10 . 6 , 1 . 26 , 2
h
A c
f
Hz.
b. Gi
n
l s phtn chiu n t bo quang in trong 1s.
Cng sut bc x:
15
8 34
6 3
10 . 04 , 6
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6
10 . 4 , 0 . 10 . 3

hc
P
n
hc n
n P

S phtn m b mt catt nhn c trong 30s: N=30

n
=181,2.10
15
c. Gi ' n l s lectron b bt ra trong 1s: ' n 67%

n
= 4,0468.10
15
.
Cng dng quang in bo ha:
e n e n I
e bh
'
4,0468.10
15
.1,6.10
-19
=0,6475mA.
V d 3(*): Ngun sng c cng sut
W P 2
, pht ra bc x c bc sng
m 597 , 0
ta theo mi
hng. Tnh xem khong cch bao xa ngi ta cn c th trng thy c ngun sng ny, bit rng mt cn
thy ngun sng khi c t nht 80 n photon lt vo mt trong 1 giy. Bit con ngi c ng knh
mm d 4 . B qua s hp th photon ca mi trng.
Hng dn gii:
S photon ca ngun sng pht ra trong 1 giy:
hc
P P
n

Gi D l khong cch t mt n ngun sng, th s photon trn c phn b u trn mt hnh cu c bn
knh l D.
S photon qua 1 n v din tch ca hnh cu trong 1 giy l:
2 2
4 . 4 D hc
P
D
n
k

S photon lt vo con ngi trong 1 giy l:
2
2
2
2
2
. 16 4 .
.
4
.
2 D hc
d P
D hc
P d
k
d
N

,
_
mt cn nhn thy c ngun sng th 80 n N (

n
l nhy ca mt s photon t nht lt vo mt
m mt cn pht hin ra).
Suy ra: n
D hc
d P
2
2
. 16

m
nhc
P d
D
3
8 34
6 3
10 . 374
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 . 80
10 . 597 , 0 . 2
4
10 . 4
` 4

2688. Cng dng quang in bo ho trong mch l 0,32mA. Tnh s photon p vo Catot ca t bo
quang in trong thi gian t = 20s, bit rng ch c 80% lectron tch ra c chuyn v ant . Cho e=1,6.10
-
19
C.
A. 5.10
16
. B. 3.10
18
. C. 2,5.10
16
. D. 3.10
20
.
2689. Cng dng quang in bo ho gia catt v ant trong t bo quang in l
A 16
. Cho in tch
ca electron C e
19
10 . 6 , 1

. S electron n c ant trong mt giy l:
A. 10
20
B. 10
16
C. 10
14
D. 10
13
bi ny dng tr li cc cu 2690, 2691:
Bit trong 10s, s electron n c anod ca t bo quang in
16
3.10 v hiu sut lng t l 40%
2690. Tm cng dng quang in lc ny
A. 0,48A B. 4,8A C. 0,48mA D. 4,8mA
2691. Tm s photon p vo catod trong 1 pht
A. 45.10
16
photon/giy B. 4,5.10
16
photon/giy
C. 45.10
16
photon/pht D.
16
4, 5.10 photon/pht
Mt ngun pht sng n sc c bc sng
0, 45 m
chiu vo catod ca mt t bo quang in. Cng
thot ca kim loi lm catod l A = 2,25eV. Cho h =
34
6, 625.10
Js; c =
8
3.10 m/s;
m =
31
9,1.10
kg; e =
19
1, 6.10
C
2692. Tnh gii hn quang in ca kim loi dng lm catod
A.
6
0, 558.10
m B.
6
5, 58.10
m C.
6
0, 552.10
m D.
6
0, 552.10
m
2693. Tnh vn tc cc i ca cc electron quang in b bt ra khi catod
A.
5
0, 421.10 m/s B. 4,23.10
5
m/s C.
5
42,1.10 m/s D.
5
421.10 m/s
2694. B mt catod nhn c cng sut chiu sng P = 5mW. Cng dng quang in bo ha ca t bo
quang in I
bh
= 1mA. Tnh hiu sut quang in
A. 35,5% B. 48,3% C. 55,21% D. 53,5%
2695. Nng lng cc i ca cc electron b bc ra khi mt kim loi di tc dng ca nh sng c bc
sng
0, 3 m
l 1,2eV. Cng nh sng l 3W/m
2
. Tnh cng thot v s electron pht ra trn mt n
v din tch trong n v thi gian, bit hiu sut l 5%
A.
( )
'
s m p h o t o n
V
2 1 8
/ 1 0 . 6 5 , 2 2
9 , 2
B.
( )
'
s m p h o t o n
V
2 1 8
/ 1 0 . 2 6 5 , 2
2 , 9
C.
( )
'
s m p h o t o n
e V
2 1 8
/ 1 0 . 2 2 6 5 , 0
9 , 2
D.
( )
'
s m p h o t o n
e V
2 1 8
/ 1 0 . 0 2 2 6 5 , 0
2 , 2 9
2696. Mt n pht nh sng n sc c bc sng
6
0, 4.10 m

c dng chiu vo mt t bo quang
in. B mt ca catt nhn c mt cng sut chiu sng P = 3mW; cng dng quang in bo hoax
ca t bo quang in i =
6
6, 43.10 A
. Tnh t s
'
n
n
(vi n: s photon m catt nhn c trong mi giy; n:
s electron b bt ra trong mi giy). Cho h =
34
6, 625.10
Js; c =
8
3.10 m/s.
A. 0,15025 B. 150,25 C. 510,25 D. 51,025
2697. Cng sut ca ngun sng c bc sng 0,3 m l 2,5W, hiu sut lng t 100%, cng dng
quang in bo ho l
A. 0,6A B. 0,6mA C. 60mA D. 6m
2698. Catot ca t bo quang in c cng thot A=2,1(eV). Chiu vo catot mt chm nh sang c bc sng vi
cng sut 2 (W) th hiu sut lng t l:
A. cha iu kin tnh B. H=0,2 C. H=0 D. H=0,098
2699. Trong hin tng quang in m dng quang in t gi tr bo ha,s electron n c ant trong 10
s l 3.10
16
v hiu sut lng t l 40%.S photon p vo catt trong 1 pht l:
A.45.10
18
photon/pht. B.4,5.10
18
photon/pht. C.45.10
16
photon/pht. D.4,5.10
16
photon/pht
2700. Mt ngun pht nh sng n sc c bc sng = 0,45 m chiu vo catt ca t bo quang
in.Cng thot ca kim loi lm catt l A = 2,25 eV.B mt catt nhn c cng sut chiu sng P = 5
mW.Cng dng quang in bo ha l Ibh = 1 mA.Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s; m = 9,1.10
-31
kg;
|e| = 1,6.10
-19
C.Khi hiu sut quang in l:
A.35,5% B.48,3% C.55,3% D.53,5%
2701. Chiu nh sng c bc sng
0, 35 m
vo kim loi c cng thot 2,48eV ca mt t bo quang
in. Bit cn nh sng l 3W/m
2
. tnh hiu sut lng t v cng dng quang in bo hoax l i =
0.02A
A. 2,358% B. 3,258% C. 5,328% D. 2,538%
2702. Chiu bc x c bc sng =0,552
m vo ca tt ca mt t bo quang in dng quang in bo

ha c cng l I
bh
=2mA. Cng sut ngun sng chiu vo ca tt l P=1,2 (W). Tnh hiu sut lng t ca
hin tng quang in.
A. 0,650% B. 0,3750% C. 0,550% D. 0,4250%.
2703. Trong 10s, s electron n c ant ca t bo quang in l 3.10
16
. Cng dng quang in lc
l
A. 0,48A. B. 4,8A. C. 0,48mA. D. 4,8mA.
2704. Kim loi dng lm catt ca t bo quang in c cng thot electron l 1,8eV. Chiu vo catt mt nh
sng c bc sng = 600nm t mt nguon sng c cng sut 2mW. Tnh cng dng quang in bo
ho. Bit c 1000ht phtn ti p vo catt th c 2 electron bt ra.
A. 1,93.10
-6
A. B. 0,193.10
-6
A. C. 19,3mA. D. 1,93mA.
2705. Chiu chm nh sng c cng sut 3W, bc sng 0,35 m vo catt ca t bo quang in c cng
thot electron 2,48eV th o c cng dng quang in bo ho l 0,02A. Tnh hiu sut lng t.
A. 0,2366%. B. 2,366%. C. 3,258%. D. 2,538%.
2706. Mt t bo quang ien c catt c lm bng asen c cng thot electron bng 5,15eV. Chiu vo catt
chm bc x in t c bc sng 0,2 m v ni t bo quang in vi ngun in mt chiu. Mi giy catt
nhn c nng lng ca chm sng l 3mJ, th cng dng quang in bo ho l 4,5.10
-6
A. Hiu sut
lng t l
A. 9,4%. B. 0,094%. C. 0,94%. D. 0,186%.
2707. Mt n laze c cng sut pht sng 1W pht nh sng n sc c bc sng 0,7 m. Cho h = 6,625.10
-
34
Js, c = 3.10
8
m/s. S phtn ca n pht ra trong 1 giy l:
A. 3,52.10
19
. B. 3,52.10
20
. C. 3,52.10
18
. D. 3,52.10
16
.
2708. Gi s cc electron thot ra khi catt ca t bo quang in u b ht v ant, khi dng quang in
c cng I = 0,32mA. S electron thot ra khi catt trong mi giy l :
A. 2.10
15
B. 2.10
17
C. 2.10
19
D. 2.10
13
bi ny dng tr li cc cu 2709, 2710:
Chiu mt bc x in t c bc sng = 0,546
m ln mt tm kim loi dng lm

Katt ca t bo quang in, thu c dng in bo ho c cng I
o
=2mA. Cng
sut bc x in t l P = 1,515 W.
2709. Hiu su lng t ca hiu ng quang in l:
A. 30,03.10
-4
B. 42,25.10
-4
C. 51,56.10
-4
D.
62,25.10
-4
2710. Gi s cc electron c tch ra bng mn chn ly mt chm hp hng vo
mt t trng u c cm ng t B = 10
-4
T, sao cho
B
r
vung gc vi phng ban u
ca vn tc electron. Bit qu o ca cc electron c bn knh cc i l R =
23,32mm. Vn tc ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in l:
A. 1,25.10
5
m/s. B. 2,36.10
5
m/s. C. 3,6.10
5
m/s
D. 4,1.10
5
m/s
2711. Mt n Na chiu sng c cng sut pht x P=100W. Bc sng ca nh sng do n pht ra l 0,589
m s photon do n ng pht ra trong 30 giy l bao nhiu?

A. 9.10
21
B. 9.10
18
C. 12.10
22
D. 6.10
24
2712. Chieu mot bc xa ien t co bc song =0,546m len mat kim loai
dung catot cua mot te bao quang ien, thu c dong bao hoa co cng
o I
0
= 2mA. Cong suat cua bc xa ien t la P 1,515W.
a. Tm hieu suat lng t cua hieu ng quang ien.
A. 30,03.10
-4
B. 42,25.10
-4
C. 51,56.10
-4
D. 62,25.10
-4
b. Gia s cac electron o c tach ra bang man chan e lay mot chum
hep hng vao mot t trng eu co cam ng t B=10
4
T,sao cho
B
ur

vuong goc vi phng ban au cua van toc electron. Biet quy ao cua cac
electron co ban knh cc ai la R = 23,32mm . Xac nh van toc ban au cc
ai cua cac electron quang ien.
A. 1,25.10
5
m/s B. 2,36.10
5
m/s C. 3,5.10
5
m/s D. 4,1.10
5
m/s
2713. Mt ngn n pht ra nh sng n sc c bc sng 0,6 m. s pht ra bao nhiu phtn trong 1s, nu
cng sut pht x ca n l 10 W ?
A. 1,2.10
19
ht/s. B. 6. 10
19
ht/s. C. 4.5. 10
19
ht/s.. D. 3. 10
19
ht/s.
2714. Mt n Na chiu nh sng c cng sut pht x P = 100 W. Bc sng ca nh sng vng do n pht
ra l 0,589 m. Hi trong 30s, n pht ra bao nhiu phtn ? Cho hng s Plng l h = 6,625.10
-34
Js, vn tc
nh sng trong chn khng c = 3.10
8
m/s.
A. 6.10
24
. B. 9.10
18
. C. 9.10
21
. D. 12.10
22
.
Chuyn 61: Tnh tn s, chu k, bc sng, nng lng photon do ng
rnghen pht ra
- Gi nng lng ca 1 electron trong chm tia Catot c c khi n i m cc l
W
, khi chm ny
p vo i m cc n s chia lm 2 phn: Nhit lng ta ra (Q
i
) lm nng i m
cc v phn cn li c gii phng di dng nng lng photon ca tia X (bc x Rn-
ghen).

+
i
Q W
Trong :
c
h hf
(l nng lng photon ca tia Rnghen)

2 2
2
0
2
mv
U e
mv
W
+
l ng nng ca electron khi p vo i catt (i m cc)
U l hiu in th gia ant v catt
v l vn tc electron khi p vo i catt
v
0
l vn tc ca electron khi ri catt (thng v
0
= 0)
m = 9,1.10
-31
kg l khi lng electron
Gi n l s e p vo i Catot trong 1 (s).
- Cng dng in qua ng Rn-ghen:
e n I
Trng hp b qua nhit lng ta ra trn i m cc:
Ta c:

W
ngha l
W
c
h
Hay
W
hc

- ng Rn Ghen s pht bc x c bc sng nh nht nu ton b nng lng ca chm tia
Katot chuyn hon ton thnh nng lng ca bc x Rn Ghen. Bc sng nh nht c
tnh bng biu thc trn khi du = xy ra :
W
hc
min
Trng hp ton b nng lng ca electron bin thnh nhit lng:

- Nhit lng ta ra trn i Catot trong thi gian t:
nt W Q
Trng hp tng qut:

- Hiu sut ca ng Rnghen:
W
Q W
W
H

B. Bi tp c hng dn:
V d 1: Bit hiu in th gia A v K ca ng tia Rnghen l 12kV. Tm bc sng nh nht ca tia Rn-
ghen do ng pht ra. T suy ra tn s ln nht ca bc x do ng Rn-ghen pht ra.
Hng dn gii:
ng nng ca lectron (mt phn hay ton b) bin thnh nng lng ca tia X

2
max
2
o
AK
AK
mv hc hc
eU
eU

Bc sng nh nht ca tia X do ng pht ra:
m
eU
hc
AK
10
19
8 34
min
10 . 035 , 1
12000 . 10 . 6 , 1
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6

Suy ra:
Hz
c
f
18
10
8
min
max
10 . 9 , 2
10 . 035 , 1
10 . 3

V d 2: Mt ng Rnghen pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 3.10

-10
m. Bit c = 3.10
8
m/s; h = 6,625.10
-
34
Js. ng nng ca lectron khi p vo i m cc l bao nhiu?
Hng dn gii:
ng nng ca lectron khi p vo i m cc c th mt phn hoc ton b chuyn thnh nng lng ca tia
X:
hc
mv
2
1
2
0
;
du = xy ra vi nhng bc x c bc sng nh nht, do

16
10
8 34
min
2
0
10 . 625 , 6
10 . 3
10 . 3 . 10 . 625 , 6 hc
mv
2
1

J
V d 3: Chm tia Rn-ghen m ngi ta thy c nhng tia c tn s ln nht v bng Hz
19
10 . 5 .
a. Tnh ng nng cc i ca electron p vo i catt?
b. Tnh in p hai u ng Rn-ghen? Bit vn tc ca electron khi ri Catt bng khng.
c. Trong 20s ngi ta xc nh c 10
18
electron p vo i catt. Tnh cng dng in qua ng Rn-
ghen?
Hng dn gii:
a. Tn s ln nht ng vi ton b nng lng ca electron khi n i catt chuyn ha nng nng lng ca
photon tia Rn-ghen:
J hf W
14 19 34
max max
10 . 3125 , 3 10 . 5 . 10 . 625 , 6

b. in p hai u ng Rn-ghen:
V
e
W
U U e W
5 max
max
10 . 07 , 2
c. Cng dng in: mA e
N
i 8 10 . 6 , 1 .
20
10
.
20
19
18

V d 4 (*): Mt ng Rn-ghen hot ng di in p
V U 50000
. Khi cng dng in qua ng
Rn-ghen l mA I 5 . Gi thit 1% nng lng ca chum electron c chuyn ha thnh nng lng ca tia
X v nng lng trung bnh ca cc tia X sinh ra bng 75% nng lng ca tia c bc sng ngn nht. Bit
electron pht ra khi catot vi vn tc bng 0.
a. Tnh cng sut ca dng in qua ng Rn-ghen
b. Tnh s photon ca tia X pht ra trong 1 giy?
c. Catot c lm ngui bng dng nc c nhit ban u C t
0
1
10 . Hy tm lu lng nc (lt/pht)
phi dung gi cho nhit catot khng thay i. Bit khi ra khi ng Rn-ghen th nhit ca nc l
C t
0
2
25 . Nhit dung ring ca nc l
K kg
J
c
.
4200
. Khi lng ring ca nc l 1000kg/m
3
.
Hng dn gii:
a. Cng sut ca dng in qua ng Rn-ghen (chnh l nng lng m chm electron mang n catot
trong 1 giy):
W UI P 250 10 . 5 . 50000
3

b. Nng lng ca chm tia Rn-ghen sinh ra trong 1 giy:
UI W . 01 , 0
Kh electron chuyn ng n catot v bc x ra tia Rn-ghen c bc sng ngn nht s c nng lng ln
nht:
U e W
max (ton b nng lng ca do electron em ti u chuyn ha thnh nng lng ca tia
X)
Nng lng trung bnh ca cc tia X:
U e W 75 , 0
S photon do tia X sinh ra trong 1 giy:
14
10 . 2 , 4
75 75 , 0
. 01 , 0

e
I
U e
UI
W
W
N
(photon/s)
c. Phn nng lng bin thnh nhit trong 1 giy:
UI Q . 99 , 0
Nhit catot khng i nn phn nhit lng sinh ra ny s b nc hp th ht v em i, do vy:

t mc UI Q . 99 , 0
t c
UI
m
. 99 , 0
(m l khi lng nc i qua trong 1 giy)
s kg m / 10 . 39 , 0
15 . 4200
10 . 5 . 50000 . 99 , 0
2
3

23 , 0 / 23 , 0
60
1
. 10 . 39 , 0
2

pht kg
s
kg
m
(lt/pht)
C. Cu hi v bi tpt luyn tp:
2715. Hiu in th gia ant v katt ca ng Rnghen l 15KV. Bc sng nh nht ca tia Rnghen l
A. 0,83.10
-8
m B. 0,83.10
-9
m C. 0,83.10
-10
m D. 0,83.10
-11
m
2716. trong mt ng Rghen ngi ta to ra mt hiu in th khng i gia hai cc. trong mt pht ngi ta
m c 6.10
18
in t p vo catt. tnh cng dng in qua ng Rghen
A. 16mA B. 1,6A C. 1,6mA D. 16A
2717. ng tia X lm vic hiu in th U = 50KV v cng d dng in I = 2mA, trong 1s bc x n =
5.10
13
phtn. Bit bc sng trung bnh ca tia X l = 0,1nm. Cho bit c = 3.10
8
m/s, h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s. Tr
li cc cu hi sau:
a. Tnh cng sut ca dng in s dng:
A. 300W. B. 400W . C. 500W. D. 530W E. 100 W
b. Hiu sut ca ng tia X:
A. 0,1%. B.1%. C.10%. D.19%
2718. Trong mt giy c 10
15
eletron t catt n p vo ant. Dng in bo ho l
A. 1,6A B. 0,16mA C. 0,16A D. Gi tr khc
2719. Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca ng Rnghen l 3.10
4
(V). Cho in tch electron
C e
19
10 . 6 , 1

; hng s plank s J h . 10 . 625 , 6
34
, vn tc ca nh sng trong chn khng s m c / 10 . 3
8
. Bc sng nh
nht ca chm tia Rnghen pht ra
Chn mt p n di y
A.
m
11
10 . 14 , 4

B.
m
11
10 . 14 , 3

C.
m
11
10 . 6 , 1

D.
m
11
10 . 25 , 2

Trong mt ng Rghen, s electron p vo catt trong mt giy l n = 5.10
15
ht, vn t mi ht l 8.10
7
m/s
2720. Tnh cng dng in qua ng:
A. 8.10
-4
A B. 0,8.10
-4
A C. 3,12.10
24
A D. 0,32.10
-4
A
2721. Tnh hiu in th gia ant v catt bit vn tc ca electron khi ri Catt bng 0
A. 18,2V B. 18,2kV C. 81,2kV D. 2,18kV
2722. Tnh bc sng nh nht trong chm tia Rghen do ng pht ra:
A. 0,68.10
-9
m B. 0,86.10
-9
m C. 0,068.10
-9
m D. 0,086.10
-9
m
2723. Trong mt ng Rghen, bit hiu in th gia ant v catt l U = 2.10
6
V. Hy tnh bc sng nh
nht
min
ca tia Rghen do ng pht ra:

A. 0,62mm B. 0,62.10
-6
m C. 0,62.10
-9
m D. 0,62.10
-12
m
Chm tia Rghen pht ra t ng Rghen, ngi ta thy c nhng tia c tn s ln nht v bng
) ( 10 . 5
19
max
Hz f
2724. Tnh ng nng cc i ca electron p vo i catt:
A. 3,3125.10
-15
J B. 33,125.10
-15
J C. 3,3125.10
-16
J D. 33,125.10
-16
J
2725. Tnh hiu in th gia hai cc ca ng:
A. 20,7kV B. 207kV C. 2,07kV D. 0,207kV
2726. Trong 20s ngi ta xc nh c 10
18
electron p vo i catt. Tnh cng dng in qua ng:
A. 0,8A B. 0,08A C. 0,008A D. 0,0008A
bi ny dng tr li cho cc cu 2727, 2728, 2729, 2730:
Mt ng pht ra tia Rghen, pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 5.10
-10
m (b qua s ta nhit).
2727. tnh nng lng ca photon tng ng:
A. 3975.10
-19
J B. 3,975.10
-19
J C. 9375.10
-19
J D. 9,375.10
-19
J
2728. Tnh vn tc ca in t p vo i m cc v hiu in th gia hai cc ca ng:
A.
6
29, 6.10 /
2484
v m s
U V

'
B.
6
296.10 /
248, 4
v m s
U V

'
C.
6
92, 6.10 /
2484
v m s
U V

'
D.
6
926.10 /
248, 4
v m s
U V

'
2729. Khi ng hot ng th dng in qua ng l I = 2mA. Tnh s in t p vo i m cc trong mi

giy:
A. 125.10
13
B. 125.10
14
B. 215.10
14
D. 215.10
13
2730. Tnh nhit lng ta ra trn i m cc trong mt pht (gi s ton b nng lng ca electron khi n
i Catot u bin thnh nhit):
A. 298J B. 29,8J C, 928J D. 92,8J
2731. Hiu in th gia ant v katt ca ng Rnghen l 15KV. Bc sng nh nht ca tia Rnghen l
A. 0,83.10
-8
m B. 0,83.10
-9
m C. 0,83.10
-10
m D. 0,83.10
-11
m
2732. Mt ng pht tia X c hiu in th U=2.10
4
V. B qua ng nng ban u ca e lc ra khi ca tt. Tr
li cc cu hi sau:
a. Vn tc ca e khi chm ti ca tt l bao nhiu?
A. 0,838.10
8
m/s; B. 0,838.10
6
m/s ; C. 0,638.10
8
m/s ; D. 0,740.10
8
m/s .
b. Tnh bc sng cc tiu ca chm tia X pht ra
A. 6,02.10
-11
m; B. 6,21.10
-11
m; C. 5,12.10
-12
m; D. 4,21.10
-12
m.
c. ng nng ca e khi dp vo i ca tt l bao nhiu?
A. 4,2.10
-15
J; B. 3,8.10
-15
J; C. 3,8.10
-16
J; D. 3,2.10
-15
J.
2733. Mt ng Rn-ghen pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 5.10
-11
m, cng dng in qua ng l
10mA.
a. Tnh nng lng ca phton Rn-ghen tng ng, hiu in th t vo hai cc ca ng Rn- Ghen, vn tc
ca lectron ti p vo i catt?
b. Tnh s lectron p vo i catt trong 1 pht?
c. Ngi ta lm ngui i catt bng mt dng nc chy qua i catt m nhit lc ra khi i catt ln
hn nhit lc vo l 40
0
C. Tnh khi lng nc chy qua i catt trong 1 pht. Cho bit nhit dung ring
ca nc l 4200J/kg.K
2734. H..th gia catt v i m cc ca ng Rnghen bng 200KV . Cho bit electron pht ra t catt khng
vn tc u . Bc sng ca tia Rnghen cng nht m ng pht ra l :
A. 0,06 B. 0,6 C. 0,04 D. 0,08
Mu nguyn t Bo quang ph hidro
Chuyn 62: Mu nguyn t Bo quang ph hidro: Xc nh bc sng
(tn s) nguyn t
2
H pht x (hoc hp th) khi c s chuyn trng thi
dng, tnh s bc x pht ra, tnh bn knh qu o dng, nng lng cc
trng thi dng
- Khi nguyn t ang mc nng lng cao chuyn xung mc nng lng thp th pht
ra photon, ngc li chuyn t mc nng lng thp chuyn ln mc nng lng cao
nguyn t s hp thu photon
hf E E
thp cao

- Bn knh qu o dng th n ca electron trong nguyn t hir:
r
n
= n
2
r
0
Vi r
0
=5,3.10
-11
m l bn knh Bo ( qu o K)
- Mi lin h gia cc bc sng v tn s ca cc vch quang ph ca nguyn t hir:
21 32 31
1 1 1

+
v
21 32 31
f f f +
(nh cng vct);
- Nng lng electron trong nguyn t hir:
2
13,6
( )
n
E eV
n
=-
Vi n N
*
: lng t s.
- Cng thc thc nghim:
2 2
1 2
1 1 1
R
n n
_

,

7 1
1, 097.10 R m
: hng s Ritbec

1 2
1; 2, 3, 4, ... n n
dy Laiman (t ngoi)

1 2
2; 3, 4, 5, ... n n
dy Banme (nhn thy)

1 2
3; 4, 5, 6,... n n
dy Pasen (hng ngoi).
Ch : Khi nguyn t trng thi kch thch th n c th pht ra s bc x in t cho bi cng thc:
( ) ! 2 ! 2
!
2

n
n
C N
n ; trong
2
n
C
l t hp chp 2 ca n.
B. Bi tp c hng dn:
V d 1: Trong quang ph ca nguyn t hir, nu bit bc sng di nht ca vch quang ph trong dy
Laiman l
1
v bc sng ca vch k vi n trong dy ny l
2
th bc sng

ca vch quang ph H

trong dy Banme l bao nhiu?
Hng dn gii:

hc
E E
hc hc hc
E E
hc
E E

'
2 1
1
1 2
3 2
2 1 1 2
3 1
2
V d 2: Trong quang ph hir c bc sng (tnh bng
m
) ca cc vch nh sau:
- Vch th nht ca dy Laiman:
121508 , 0
21

- Vch
H
ca dy Banme:
656279 , 0
32

- Ba vch u tin ca dy Pasen:
8751 , 1
43

,
2818 , 1
53

,
0938 , 1
63

.
a. Tnh tn s ca cc bc x trn?
b. Tnh bc sng ca hai vch quang ph th 2 v th 3 ca dy Laiman v ca cc vch
H
,
H
,
H

ca dy banme.
Hng dn gii:
a. Tn s ca bc x:

8
10 . 3

c
f
suy ra:
Hz f
15
6
8
21
10 . 469 , 2
10 . 121508 , 0
10 . 3

Hz f
14
6
8
32
10 . 571 , 4
10 . 656279 , 0
10 . 3

Hz f
14
6
8
43
10 . 6 , 1
10 . 8751 , 1
10 . 3

Hz f
14
6
8
53
10 . 34 , 2
10 . 2818 , 1
10 . 3

Hz f
14
6
8
63
10 . 743 , 2
10 . 0938 , 1
10 . 3

.
b. Ta c:
21 1 2
hf E E
(1)

32 2 3
hf E E
(2)

43 3 4
hf E E
(3)

53 3 5
hf E E
(4)

63 3 6
hf E E
(5)
Cng v vi v ca (1) v (2), ta c:
32 21 31 1 3
hf hf hf E E +
(6)

32 21 31
f f f +
hay:
32 21 31
1 1 1

+
Suy ra:
m

102523 , 0
.
32 21
32 21
31

+
Tng t:
- Cng v vi v ca (3) v (6):
m

0972 , 0
.
31 43
31 43
41

+
- Cng v vi v ca (2) v (3):

m

48613 , 0
.
32 43
32 43
42

+
- Cng v vi v ca (2) v (4):

m

43405 , 0
.
32 53
32 53
52

+
- Cng v vi v ca (2) v (5):

m

41017 , 0
.
32 63
32 63
62

+
V d 3: Electron ca nguyn t hir trng thi c bn hp th mt nng lng 12,09eV.

a. Electron ny chuyn ln trng thi kch thch ng vi mc nng lng no?
b. Nguyn t hir sau khi b kch thch nh trn th n s pht ra bao nhiu bc x v nhng bc x thuc
dy no?
Hng dn gii:
a. Nng lng ca nguyn t hir c xc nh bi biu thc:
( ) eV
n
E
n 2
6 , 13

(*)
Nng lng ca nguyn t hir trng thi c bn
( ) 1 n
: ( ) eV E 6 , 13
1

Khi hp th nng lng
eV W 09 , 12
th n chuyn ln trng thi kch thch ng vi mc nng lng n,
c xc dnh t biu thc ca nh lut bo ton nng lng:

eV W E E
n
51 , 1 09 , 12 6 , 13
1
+ +
Thay vo (*):
( )
2
6 , 13
51 , 1
n
eV 3 n
Vy electron ca nguyn t hir chuyn ln mc nng lng M

( ) 3 n
.
b. S bc x m sau nguyn t hir pht ra khi chuyn v trng thi
cc trng thi c mc nng lng thp hn:
( )
3
! 2 ! 2 3
! 3
2
3

C N
C 2 bc x thuc dy Lai-man (bc x B v C) v 1 bc x thuc dy Ban-me (bc x A).
V d 4: Cho mt chm electron bn ph nguyn t hir trng thi c bn kch thch chng.
a. Xc nh vn tc nh nht sao cho n c th lm xut hin tt c cc vch ca quang ph pht x
ca hir.
b. Mun cho quang ph hir ch xut hin mt vch th nng lng ca electron phi nm trong khong
no?
Hng dn gii:
a. Cc mc nng lng ca nguyn t hir c xc nh bi biu thc:
( ) eV
n
E
n
2
6 , 13

lm xut hin tt c cc vch quang ph hir th nng lng ca electron phi ln, kch thch
nguyn t hir ti trng thi
n
(lc nng lng ca nguyn t hir bng 0).
Theo nh lut bo ton nng lng:

eV E E W 6 , 13
1

Nng lng ny ca electron di dng ng nng, do vy:
s m
m
W
v mv W / 10 . 187 , 2
10 . 1 , 9
10 . 6 , 1 . 6 , 13 . 2 2
2
1
6
31
19
2

b. ch xut hin mt vch thi th sau khi b electron kch thch nguyn t ch nhy ln mc L. Ngha l
nng lng ca electron phi tha mn iu kin:
K M K L
E E W E E <
(L ng vi n=2, M ng vi n=3)

6 , 13
3
6 , 13
6 , 13
2
6 , 13
2 2
+ < + W

( ) eV

eV W eV 09 , 12 2 , 10 <
.
2735. Khi chuyn t qu o M v qu o L,nguyn t Hidr pht ra mt photon c bc sng 0,6563 m.
Khi chuyn t qu o N v qu o L,nguyn t Hidr pht ra mt photon c bc sng 0,4861 m. Khi
chuyn t qu o N v qu o M,nguyn t Hidr pht ra mt photon c bc sng:
A.1,1424 m. B.1,8744 m. C.0,1702 m. D.0,2793 m.
2736. Cho bit bc sng di nht trong di Laiman v banme trong quang ph pht x ca nguyn t Hyro
ln lt l
0,1217 m
v
0, 6576 m
. Hy tnh bc sng vch th hai ca dy laiman:
A.
0,1027 m
B.
0, 0127 m
C.
0, 2017 m
D.
0, 2107 m
2737. Cho bc sng ca 4 vch quang ph nguyn t Hyro trong dy Banme l vch
0, 6563 H m

,
vch lam
0, 4860 H m

, vch chm
0, 4340 H m

, v vch tm
0, 4102 H m

. Hy tm bc sng
ca 3 vch quang ph u tin trong dy Pasen vng hng ngoi:
A.
43
53
63
1, 8729
1, 093
1, 2813
m
m
m

'
B.
43
53
63
1,8729
1, 2813
1, 093
m
m
m

'
C.
43
53
63
1, 7829
1,8213
1, 093
m
m
m

'
D.
43
53
63
1,8729
1, 2813
1, 903
m
m
m

'
2738. Trong quang ph vch ca hiro bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman bng 1215A
0
, bc sng ngn
nht trong dy Banme bng 3650A
0
, tm nng lng cn thit bt electron ra khi nguyn t hiro khi electron
trn qu o c nng lng thp nht. Cho
34
6, 625.10 h Js
; c = 3.10
8
m/s; 1A
0
= 10
-10
m
A. 0,136eV B. 1,38eV C. 13,6eV D. 136eV.
2739. Nng lng ca qu o dng th n trong nguyn t hiro c tnh bi h thc:
2
13, 6
n
E eV
n
(n l
s nguyn). Tnh 2 bc sng gii hn ca dy quang ph Banme (do electron chuyn t qu o c mc cao
hn v mc n = 2)
A.
3
0, 657 ; ' 0, 365 m m
B.
12 12
3
1, 05.10 ; ' 0, 584.10 m m
C.
3
6, 57 ; ' 3, 65 m m
D.
7 7
3
1, 26.10 ; ' 0, 657.10 m m

2740. Bc sng di nht trong dy Banme l 0,6560 m. Bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l
0,1220 m. Bc sng di th hai ca dy Laiman l
A. 0,0528 m; B. 0,1029 m; C. 0,1112 m; D. 0,1211 m
2741. Bc sng ca vch quang ph th nht trong dy Laiman l 1220nm, bc sng ca vch quang ph
th nht v th hai ca dy Banme l 0,656 m v 0,4860 m. Bc sng ca vch th ba trong dy Laiman
l
A. 0,0224 m; B. 0,4324 m; C. 0,0975 m; D.0,3672 m
E. 0,3475
m
2742. Hai vch quang ph c bc sng di nht ca dy Laiman c bc sng ln lt l
1
= 0,1216 m v
2
= 0,1026 m. Bc sng di nht ca vch quang ph ca dy Banme l
A. 0,5875 m; B. 0,6566 m; C. 0,6873 m; D. 0,7260 m
2743.Bc sng ca vch quang ph u tin trong dy Laiman l
o
= 122nm, ca vch H
trong dy
Banme l = 656nm. Bc sng ca vch quang ph th hai trong dy Laiman l
A. 10,287nm. B. 102,87nm. C. 20,567nm. D. 205,67nm.
2744. Bc sng ca hai vch H
v H
trong dy Banme l
1
= 656nm v
2
= 486nm. Bc sng ca
vch quang ph u tin trong dy Pasen.
A. 1,8754 m. B. 0,18754 m. C. 18,754 m. D. 187,54 m.
2745. Trong quang ph vch ca nguyn t hir, vch ng vi bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l
1
=
0,1216 m v vch ng vi s chuyn ca electron t qu o M v qu o K c bc sng
2
=
0,1026 m. Hy tnh bc sng di nht
3
trong dy Banme.
A. 6,566 m. B. 65,66 m. C. 0,6566 m. D. 0,0656 m.
2746. Cho bn knh qu o Bo th hai l 2,12.10
-10
m. Bn knh bng 19,08.10
-10
m ng vi bn knh qu o
Bo th
A. 4 B. 5 C. 6 D. 7
2747. Trong quang ph vch ca hir cho bit vch mu v mu tm c bc sng l H = 0,6563m v
H = 0,4102m . Bc sng ngn nht trong dy Pasen l :
A. 1,0939m B. 0,1094 m C. 0,7654 m D. 0,9734 m
2748. Bc sng ng vi hai vch u tin trong dy Lyman ca nguyn t Hiro l 0, 122 m v 103nm .
Bc sng u tin trong dy Banme l
A. 0,558 m B. 0,661 m C. 0,066 m 0,0588 m
2749. Mt di sng in t trong chn khng c tn s t 4,0.10
14
Hz n 7,5.10
14
Hz. Bit vn tc nh sng
trong chn khng c = 3.108 m/s. Di sng trn thuc vng no trong thang sng in t?
A. Vng tia t ngoi. B. Vng tia hng ngoi.
C. Vng nh sng nhn thy. D. Vng tia Rnghen.
2750. Cho h= 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c=3.10
8
m/s. Mc nng lng ca cc qu o dng ca nguyn t hir ln lt
t trong ra ngoi l 13,6 eV; -3,4 eV; -1,5 eV Vi E
n
= -
2
13, 6
n
eV; n= 1, 2, 3 Khi electron chuyn t
mc nng lng ng vi n= 3 v n = 1 th s pht ra bc x c tn s :
A. 2,9.10
14
Hz B. 2,9.10
15
Hz C. 2,9.10
16
Hz D. 2,9.10
17
Hz
2751. Cho bn knh qu o Bo th nht 0,53.10
-10
m. Bn knh qu o Bo th 5 bng :
A. 2,65.10
-10
m B. 0,106.10
-10
m C. 10,25.10
-10
m D. 13,25.10
-10
m
2752. Bc sng di nht trong dy Banme l 0,6560
m
. Bc sng di nht trong dy Laiman l 0,1220
m
. Bc sng di th 2 ca dy Laiman l:
A. 0,0528
m
B. 0,1029
m
C. 0,1112
m
D. 0,1211
m
2753. Theo thuyet Bo ,ban knh quy ao th nhat cua electron trong nguyen t
hidro la
0
r
= 5,3.10
11
m, cho hng s in k= 9.10
9

2
2
Nm
C
. Hay xac nh van toc goc
cua electron tren quy ao nay, xem electron chuyen ong tron eu quanh
hat nhan.
A. 6,8.10
16
rad/s B. 2,4.10
16
rad/s C. 4,6.10
16
rad/s D. 4,1.10
16
rad/s
2754. Bc sng ca vch quang ph th nht trong dy Laiman l 1220nm, Bc sng ca vch quang ph
th nht v th hai ca dy Banme l 0,656
m
v 0,4860
m
. Bc sng ca vch u tin trong dy Pasen
l:
A. 1,8754
m
B. 1,3627
m
C. 0,9672
m
D. 0,7645
m
2755. Nng lng ion ho nguyn t Hir l13,6eV. Bc sng ngn nht ca bc x m nguyn t c th
pht ra l:
A. 0,1220
m
B. 0,0913
m
C. 0,0656
m
D. 0,5672
m
2756. Pht biu no sau y v s to thnh quang ph vch ca hir l khng ng?
A. Cc vch trong dy Lyman c hnh thnh khi lectron chuyn v qu o K.
B. Cc vch trong dy Banme c hnh thnh khi lectron chuyn v qu o N.
C. Cc vch trong dy Pasen c hnh thnh khi lectron chuyn v qu o M.
D. Trong dy Banme c bn vch H
, H
, H , H
thuc vng nh sng nhn thy.

2757. Khi electron chuyen ong tren quy ao N cua nguyen t Hydro. Co bao
nhieu bc song cua cac bc xa ma nguyen t hidro co the phat ra khi
e tr ve lai trang thai c ban?
A. 3 B. 4 C. 5 D.6
2758. bc sng ca vch quang ph th nht trong dy laiman ca quang ph Hyro l
0,122 m
. Tnh tn
s ca bc x trn
A. 0,2459.10
14
Hz B. 2,459.10
14
Hz C. 24,59.10
14
Hz D.245,9.10
14
Hz
2759. Cho bit bc sng di nht ca dy Laiman v Banme trong quang ph pht x ca nguyn t Hidr
ln lt l 0,1217 m v 0,6576 m.Cho h = 6,625.10
-34
J.s; c = 3.10
8
m/s.Bc sng vch th hai ca dy
Laiman l:
A.0,1027 m B.0,0127 m C.0,2017 m. D.0,2107 m.
Chuyn 63: L thuyt tng hp
2760. Chn cu ng trong cc cu sau:
A. Hin tng quang in chng t nh sng c tnh cht ht
B. Hin tng giao thoa chng minh nh sng ch c tnh cht sng.
C. Khi bc sng cng di th nng lng photon ng vi chng c nng lng cng ln
D. Tia hng ngoi, tia t ngoi khng c tnh cht ht.
2761. Pht biu no sau y ni v lng tnh sng ht l khng ng ?
A. Hin tng giao thoa nh sng th hin tnh cht sng.
B. Hin tng quang in, nh sng th hin tnh cht ht.
C. Sng in t c bc sng cng ngn cng th hin r tnh cht sng.
D. Cc sng in t c bc sng cng di th tnh cht sng th hin r hn tnh cht ht.
2762. Pht biu no sau y v hin tng quang dn v hin tng quang in l khng ng ?
A. Cng thot ca kim loi ln hn cng cn thit bt lectron lin kt trong bn dn.
B. Phn ln t bo quang in hot ng c vi nh sng hng ngoi.
C. Phn ln quang tr hot ng c vi nh sng hng ngoi.
D. Ch c t bo quang in c catt lm bng kim loi kim mi hot ng c vi nh sng kh kin.
2763. Cho bon bc xa ien t co bc song lan lt la :
1
=0,102
m;
2
=0,485
m ; 3
=0,859
m ;
4
= 10
4
m. Bc xa ien t la tia t ngoai
A.
4
B.
1
C.
2
D.
3
2764. Thuyt lng t khng gii thch c cc hin tng no sau y ?

A. S pht quang ca cc cht. B. Hin tng quang in ngoi.
C. Hin tng quang ho. D. Hin tng ion ho mi trng.
2765. Hin tng quang in l qu trnh da trn:
A. S tc dng ca cc electron ln knh nh
B. S gii phng cc photon khi kim loi b t nng
C. S gii phng cc electron t b mt kim loi do s tng tc gia chng vi cc photon
D. S pht ra do cc electron trong cc nguyn t nhy ra t mc nng lng cao xung mc nng
lng thp hn.
2766. Hin tng quang in c Hez (Hertz) pht hin bng cch no di y?
A. Chiu mt chm nh sng qua lng knh
B. Cho mt dng tia catod p vo mt tm kim loi c nguyn t lng ln
C. Chiu mt ngun sng giu tia t ngoi vo mt tm km tch in m
D. Dng cht Plni 210 pht ra ht
bn ph cc phn t Nit
2767. Chn cu ng:
A. Khi chiu nh sng n sc vo b mt mt tm kim loi th n lm cho cc electron quang in bt
ra
B. Hin tng xy ra khi chiu nh sng n sc vo b mt tm kim loi gi l hin tng quang
in
C. bn trong t bo quang in, dng quang in cng chiu vi in trng
D. bn trong t bo quang in, dng quang in ngc chiu vi in trng
2768. Chn cu ng:
A. Hiu in th hm ca mi kim loi khng ph thuc bc sng ca chm sng kch thch
B. Hiu in th hm c th m hay dng
C. Hiu in th hm c gi tr m
D. Hiu in th hm c gi tr dng
2769. Chn cu sai:
A. Cc nh lut quang in hon ton ph hp vi tnh cht sng ca nh sng
B. Thuyt lng t do Planck xng
C. Anhxtanh cho rng nh sng gm nhng ht ring bit gi l photon
D. Mi photon b hp th s truyn hon ton nng lng ca n cho mt electron
2770. Chn cu sai:
Cc hin tng lin quan n tnh cht lng t ca nh sng l:
A. Hin tng quang in B. S pht quang ca cc cht
C. Hin tng tn sc nh sng D. Tnh m xuyn
2771. Chn cu ng: Gii hn quang in ty thuc
A. Bn cht ca kim loi
B. Hiu in th gia anod v catod ca t bo quang in
C. Bc sng ca nh sng chiu vo catod
D. in trng gia anod v catod
2772. Khi nim no sau y l cn cho vic gii thch hin tng quang in v hin tng pht x nhit
electron?
A. in tr ring B. Cng thot C. Mt dng in D. Lng t bc x
2773. Chn cu ng:
Nhn nh no di y cha ng ni dung cc quan im hin i khi ni v bn cht ca nh sng.
A. nh sng l sng in t c bc sng nm trong gii hn t
m 38 , 0
n
m 76 , 0
B. nh sng l chm ht c pht ra t ngun sng v truyn i theo ng thng vi tc ln
C. S chiu sng chnh l qu trnh truyn nng lng bng nhng phn nh xc nh, gi l photon
D. nh sng c bn cht phc tp, trong mt s trng hp n biu hin cc tnh cht ca sng v
trong mt s trng hp khc, n li biu hin nh ht (photon)
2774. iu no sau y l sai khi ni n nhng kt qu rt ra t th nghim vi t bo quang in
A. Hiu in th gia anod v catod ca t bo quang in lun c gi tr m khi dong quang in trit
tiu
B. Dng quang in vn tn ti ngay c khi hiu in th gia anod v catod ca t bo quang in
bng khng
C. Cng dng quang in bo ha khng ph thuc vo cng ngun sng kch thch
D. Gi tr ca hiu in th hm ph thuc vo bc sng ca nh sng kch thch
2775. Hin tng quang in ngoi l:
A. Hin tng electron bt ra khi b mt tm kim loi c nh sng thch hp chiu vo n.
B. Hin tng electron bt ra khi b mt tm kim loi khi tm kim loi b nung nng n nhit rt
cao
C. Hin tng electron bt ra khi b mt tm kim loi khi tm kim loi b nhim in do tip xc vi
mt vt b nhim in khc
D. Hin tng electron bt ra khi b mt tm kim loi do bt k nguyn nhn no khc
2776. Pht biu no sau y l sai khi ni v lng t nh sng?
A. Nhng nguyn t hay phn t vt cht khng hp th hay bc x nh sng mt cch lin tc m
theo tng phn ring bit, t qung
B. Chm nh sng l dng ht, mi ht gi l mt photon.
C. Nng lng ca cc photon nh sng l nh nhau, khng ph thuc vo bc sng ca nh sng
D. Khi nh sng truyn i, cc lng t nh sng khng b thay i, khng ph thuc vo khong cch
ti ngun sng
2777. Trong cc cng thc nu di y, cng thc no l cng thc Anhxtanh?
A. hf = A +
2
0 ax
2
m
mv
B. hf = A -
2
0 ax
2
m
mv
C. hf = A +
2
2
mv
D. hf = A -
2
2
mv
2778. Cng thc no sau y ng cho trng hp dng quang in b trit tiu?
A. eU
h
= A +
2
0 ax
2
m
mv
B. eU
h
=
2
0 ax
2
m
mv
C. eU
h
=
2
2
mv
D.
1
2
eU
h
=
2
0 ax m
mv
2779. Pht biu no sau y l sai?
ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in
A. Khng ph thuc vo cng chm nh sng kch thch
B. Ph thuc vo bc sng ca nh sng kch thch
C. Khng ph thuc vo bn cht kim loi dng lm catod
D. Ph thuc vo bn cht kim loi dng lm catod
2780. Chn cu ng:
Yu t no nu di y khng gy ra hin tng pht x electron t cc tinh th ion v tinh th ha tr
A. Cc photon B. Cc ht mang in tch
C. T trng D. Nhit cao
2781. Chn cu sai trong cc cu sau:
A. Hin tng quang dn l hin tng cht bn dn gim mnh in tr khi b chiu sng
B. Trong hin tng quang dn, khi c gii phng electron thot khi cht bn dn v tr thnh cc
electron dn
C. i vi mt bc x in t nht nh th n s gy hin tng quang dn hn hin tng quang
in
D. Hin tng quang in v hin tng quang dn c cng bn cht
2782. Chn pht biu sai.
A. Trong hin tng quang in bn ngoi cc electron quang in khi bt ra khi catt lun c mt vn tc
ban u v
0
> 0
B. Pin quang in l ng dng ca hin tng quang in bn trong, cn quang in tr l ng dng ca hin
tng quang dn.
C. Hin tng quang in bn ngoi c ng dng to ra dng c bin i tn hiu nh sng thnh tn
hiu in.
D. Hin tng quang in bn trong khi xy ra trong khi bn dn s lm in tr sut ca khi cht bn dn
gim.
2783. Cu no din t ni dung ca thuyt lng t?
A. Mi nguyn t hay phn t ch bc x nng lng mt ln
B. Vt cht c cu to ri rc bi cc nguyn t hay phn t
C. Mi nguyn t hay phn t ch bc x c mt loi lng t
D. Mi ln nguyn t hay phn t bc x hay hp th nng lng th n pht ra hay hp th vo mt
lng t nng lng
2784. Pht biu no sau y l ng khi ni v hin tng quang dn?
A. Hin tng quang dn l hin tng gim mnh in tr ca bn dn khi b chiu sng
B. Trong hin tng quang dn, electron c gii phng ra khi khi cht bn dn
C. Mt trong nhng ng dng quang trng ca hin tng quang dn l vic ch to n ng (n
non).
D. Trong hin tng quang dn, nng lng cn thit gii phng electron lin kt thnh electron
dn c cung cp bi nhit.
2785. Chn cu sai:
A. Photon c nng lng B. Photon c ng lng
C. Photon c khi lng D. Photon c kch tht xc nh
2786. Chn cu ng:
Hin tng no sau y KHNG lin quan n tnh cht lng t ca nh sng
A. S to thnh quang ph vch B. Cc phn ng quang ha
C. S pht quang ca cc cht D. S hnh thnh dng in dch
2787. Chn cu ng:
Nu trong mt mi trng ta bit c bc sng ca lng t nng lng nh sng (photon) l hf v bng ,
th chit sut tuyt i ca mi trng bng bao nhiu? (Bit h l hng s Plant, C l vn tc nh sng trong
chn khng v f l tn s).
A.
C
n
f
B.
C
n
f
C.
Cf
n
D.
n
Cf
2788. Chn cu ng:

Nguyn tc hot ng ca quang tr da vo hin tng no?
A. Hin tng quang in
B. Hin tng quang in bn trong
C. Hin tng quang dn
D. Hin tng pht quang ca cc cht rn
2789. iu no sau y l sai khi ni v quang in tr?
A. B phn quan trng ca quang in tr l mt lp cht bn dn c gn hai in cc
B. Quang in tr thc cht l mt in tr m gi tr ca n c th thay i nhit
C. Quang in tr c th dng thay th cho cc t bo quang in
D. Quang in tr l mt in tr m gi tr ca n khng thay i theo nhit
2790. Chn cu ng:
Ngi ta khng thy c electron bt ra khi mt kim loi chiu chm nh sng n sc vo n. l v:
A. Chm nh sng c cng qu nh
B. Kim loi hp th qua t nh sng
C. Cng thot ca electron nh so vi nng lng ca photon
D. Bc sng ca nh sng ln so vi gii hn quang in
2791. Chn cu ng: Electron quang in c ng nng ban u cc i khi:
A. Photon nh sng ti c nng lng ln nht
B. Cng thot ca electron c nng lng nh nht
C. Nng lng m electron thu c ln nht
D. Nng lng m electron mt i l nh nht
2792. Gi I
0
l cng chm nh sng ti mi trng:
l h s hp th ca mi trng; d l di ca
ng i tia sng. Cng I ca chm nh sng n sc truyn qua mi trng hp th
A.
d
o
e I I

.

B. 2
d
o
e I I

C.
d
o
e I I

2
1
.

D.
d
o
e I I

.
2793. Chn cu ng: Hin tng quang in bn trong l hin tng
A. Bt electron ra khi b mt kim loi khi b chiu sng
B. Gii phng electron khi mi lin kt trong cht bn dn khi b chiu sng
C. Gii phng electron khi kim loi bng cch t nng
D. Gii phng electron khi mt cht bng cch bn ph ion
2794. Chn cu ng: C th gii thch tnh quang dn bng thuyt
A. electron c in B. sng nh sng C. photon D. ng hc phn t
2795. Linh kin no di y hot ng da vo hin tng quang dn?
A. T bo quang in B. Quang tr C. n LED D. Nhit in tr
2796. Kim loi lm catot ca t bo quang in c gii hn quang in l
0
= 0,5
m
. Chiu nh sng vo
catt, chm nh sng khng gy ra hin tng quang in khi l
A. tia gamma. B. tia Rn-ghen. C. tia hng ngoi. D. nh sng t ngoi.
2797. nh sng Mt Tri chiu vo mt h nc lm nc h nng ln. l do:
A. Hin tng phn x nh sng B. Hin tng khc x nh sng
C. Hin tng hp th nh sng D. Hin tng tn sc nh sng
2798. Chn cu ng: Tm knh
A. hp th mnh nh sng B. hp th t nh sng
C. khng hp th nh sng xanh D. hp th t nh sng xanh
2799. Mu nguyn t Bo khc mu nguyn t Rdpho im no sau y?
A. M hnh nguyn t c ht nhn
B. Hnh dng qu o ca electron
C. Biu thc ca lc ht gia ht nhn v electron
D. Trng thi c nng lng n nh
2800. Trong quang ph ca nguyn t hiro, cc vch trong dy Laiman c to thnh khi electron chuyn
ng t cc qu o bn ngoi v qu o
A. K B. L C. M D. N
2801. Trong quang ph vch ca nguyn t hiro, cc vch trong dy Banme c to thnh khi cc electron
chuyn ng t cc qu o bn ngoi v qu o.
A. K B. L C> M D
2802. Trng thi dng l:
A. Trng thi c nng lng xc nh
B. Trng thi m ta c th tnh ton chnh xc nng lng ca n
C. Trng thi m nng lng ca nguyn t khng thay i c
D. Trng thi m trong nguyn t c th tn ti mt thi gian xc nh m khng bc x nng
lng
2803. Cu no di y ni ln ni dung ca khi nim v qu o dng?
A. Qu o c bn knh t l vi bnh phng ca cc s nguyn lin tip
B. Bn knh qu o c th tnh ton c mt cch chnh xc
C. Qu o m electron bt buc phi chuyn ng trn n
D. Qu o ng vi nng lng ca cc trng thi dng
2804. Ni dung ca tin v s bc x v hp th nng lng ca nguyn t c th hin trong cc cu no
sau y?
A. Nguyn t pht ra mt photon mi ln bc x nh sng
B. Nguyn t thu nhn mt photon mi ln hp th nh sng
C. Nguyn t pht ra nh sng no c th hp th nh sng
D. Nguyn t ch c th chuyn gia cc trng thi dng. Mi ln chuyn, n bc x hay hp th mt
photon c nng lng ng bng chnh lch nng lng gia hai trng thi
2805. Chn cu ng:
A. Cc vch quang ph trong cc dy Laiman, Banme, Pasen, hon ton nm trong cc vng c nh
sng khc nhau
B. Vch c bc sng di nht ca dy Laiman c th nm trong vng nh sng nhn thy
C. Vch c bc sng ngn nht ca dy Banme c th nm trong vng nh sng t ngoi
D. Vch c bc sng di nht ca dy Banme c th nm trong vng nh sng hng ngoi
2806. Cc vch trong dy Laiman thuc vng no trong cc vng sau?
A. Vng hng ngoi
B. Vng nh sng nhn thy
C. Vng t ngoi
D. Mt phn nm trong vng nh sng nhn thy, mt phn nm trong vng t ngoi
2807. Cc vch trong dy Banme thuc vng no trong cc vng sau?
A. Vng nh sng nhn thy
B. Vng nh sng nhn thy v vng t ngoi
C. Vng t ngoi
D. Vng hng ngoi
2808. Cc vch trong dy Pasen thuc vng no trong cc vng sau?
A. Vng hng ngoi
B. Vng nh sng nhn thy
C. Vng t ngoi
D. Mt phn nm trong vng nh sng nhn thy, mt phn nm trong vng t ngoi
2809. Bit bc sng ng vi hai vch u tin trong dy Laiman l
L1
v
L2
. Bc sng ca vch
H

trong quang ph nhn thy ca nguyn t hir l
A. =
1 2
2 1
.
L L
L L

. B. =
1 2
1 2
.
L L
L L

. C. =
1 2
1 2
.
L L
L L

+
. D. =
1 2
1 2
.
L L
L L

+
.
2810. Tm kt lun sai v cch pht hin tia Rnghen:
A. Mn hunh quang B. My o dng hin tng ion ho
C. T bo quang in D. Mch dao ng LC
2811. gii thch hin tng quang in ta da vo:
A. Thuyt sng nh sng B. Thuyt lng t nh sng
C. Ga thuyt ca Macxoen D. Mt thuyt khc
2812. Cc vch H
, H
, H
, H
thuc dy
A. Laiman B. Banme C. Pasen D. Dy khc
2813. iu no sau y l ng khi ni v s to thnh cc vch trong dy Laiman ca quang ph nguyn t
hir? Chn mt p n di y:
A. Cc vch trong dy Laiman c to thnh khi cc lectrn chuyn t cc qu o bn ngoi v qu o L
B. Theo quy c thng thng, vch s 1 ng vi s chuyn ca lectrn t qu o L v qu o K
C. Cc vch trong dy Laiman sp xp mt cch lin tc, gia chng khng c ranh gii r rt
D. A, B v C u ng.
2814. Pht biu no sau y l sai khi ni v ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectrn quang in? Chn
mt p n di y:
A. ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectrn quang in khng ph thuc vo cng chm sng kch
thch
B. ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectrn ph thuc vo bc sng ca nh sng kch thch.
D. ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectrn quang in ph thuc vo bn cht km loi dng lm catt
C. ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectrn quang in khng ph thuc vo bn cht kim loi dng lm
catt.
2815. Cng thc ng v mi lin h gia ln hiu in th hm ( ), ln in tch electron (e), khi
lng electron l (m) v vn tc ban u cc i ca electron
( )
max o
v
:
Chn mt p n di y
A. mU
h
=2/e/.v
2
0max ;
B. /e/.U
h
= m.v
2
0max
C.2 /e/U
h
= m.v
2
0max
D. /e/U
h
= m.v
2
0max
2816. ng nng ban u cc i ca cc lectrn quang in
A. khng ph thuc vo cng ca chm nh sng kch thch.
B. t l thun vi cng ca chm nh sng kch thch.
C. t l nghch vi cng ca chm nh sng kch thch.
D. t l thun vi bnh phng cng ca chm nh sng kch thch
2817. Pht biu no sau y l ng khi ni v quang ph ca nguyn t hyr?
A. Quang ph ca nguyn t hyr l quang ph lin tc.
B. Cc vch trong quang ph c mu bin thin lin tc t ti tm
C. Gia cc dy Laiman, Banme, Pasen khng c ranh gii xc nh
D. A, B v C u sai.
2818. Chn pht biu sai khi ni v tnh cht v tc dng ca tia Rnghen
A. Tia Rnghen c kh nng m xuyn
B. Tia Rnghen tc dng mnh ln knh nh,lm pht quang mt s cht
C. Tia Rnghen khng c kh nng in ho cht kh
D. Tia Rnghen c tc dng sinh l
2819. Trong th nghim Hcx,nu chiu nh sng hng ngoi vo l km tch in m th
A.in tch m ca l km mt i. B.tm km s trung ha v in.
C.in tch ca tm km khng thay i. D.tm km tch in dng.
2820. .Chn cu ng
A.Hintng quang in chng t nh sng c tnh cht ht.
B.Hin tng giao thoa chng minh nh sng ch c tnh cht sng.
C.Khi bc sng cng di th nng lng photon ng vi chng chng c gi tr cng ln.
D.Tia hng ngoi,tia t ngoi khng c tnh cht ht.
2821.Hin tng quang in l qu trnh da trn
A.s tc dng ca cc electron ln knh nh
B.s gii phng cc electron khi kim loi b t nng.
C.S gii phng cc electron t b mt kim loi do s tng tc gia chng vi cc photon.
D.s pht ra cc photon trong qu trnh cc electron trong nguyn t nhy t mc nng lng cao xung mc
nng lng thp hn.
2822..Pht biu no sau y l ng khi ni v hin tng quang in?
A.L hin tng electron bt ra khi b mt tm kim loi khi c nh sng thch hp chiu vo n.
B.L hin tng electron bt ra khi b mt tm kim loi khi tm kim loi b nung nng nhit cao.
C.hin tng electron bt ra khi b mt tm kim loi khi tm kim loi b nhim in do tip xc vi mt vt
b nhim in khc.
D.L hin tng electron bt ra khi b mt tm kim loi do bt k nguyn nhn no khc.
2823.. Chn cu sai khi ni v hin tng quang in:
A.Khi chiu nh sng n sc vo b mt mt tm kim loi th n lm cho cc electron quang in bt ra.
B.Hin tng xy ra khi chiu nh sng n sc vo b mt tm kim loi gi l hin tng quang in.
C. bn trong t bo quang in,dng quang in cng chiu vi in trng.
D.Khi hin tng quang in xy ra,hiu in th lm cho dng quang in trit tiu gi l hiu in th hm.
2824. Gii hn quang in ty thuc vo
A.bn cht kim loi.
B.hiu in th gia ant v catt ca t bo quang in.
C.bc sng ca nh sng chiu vo catt.
D.in trng gia ant v catt.
2825. iu no sau y l sai khi ni n nhng kt qu rt ra t th nghim vi t bo quang in?
A.Hiu in th gia ant v catt ca t bo quang in lun c gitr m khi dng quang in trit tiu.
B.Dng quang in vn tn ti ngay c khi hiu in th gia ant v catt ca t bo quang in bng khng.
C.Cng dng quang in bo ha khng ph thuc vo cng chm sng kch thch.
D.Gi tr hiu in th hm ph thuc vo bc sng ca nh sng kch thch.
2826. Pht biu no sau y l sai khi ni v ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in?
A.ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in khng ph thuc vo cng chm sng kch
thch.
B.ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in ph thuc vo bc sng ca sng kch thch.
C.ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in khng ph thuc vo bn cht kim loi dng lm
catt.
D.ng nng ban u cc i ca cc electron quang in ph thuc vo bn cht kim loi dng lm catt.
2827. Pht biu no sau y l sai khi ni v thuyt lng t nh sng ?
A.Nhng nguyn t hay phn t vt cht khng hp th hay bc x nh sng mt cch lin tc m theo tng
phn ring bit,t qung.
B.Chm nh sng l dng ht,mi ht gi l mt phtn.
C.Nng lng ca cc phtn nh sng l nh nhau,khng ph thuc vo bc sng ca nh sng.
D.Khi nh sng truyn i,cc lng t nh sng khng b thay i,khng ph thuc khong cch ti ngun
sng.
2828. Bc sng di nht ca bc x pht ra trong dy Ban-me ng vi electron chuyn t mc nng lng
A. E
2
v mc nng lng E
1
. B. E

v mc nng lng E
1
.
C. E

v mc nng lng E
2
. D. E
3
v mc nng lng E
2
.
2829. Trong th nghim Hecx: chiu mt chm sng pht ra t mt h quang vo mt tm km th thy cc
electron bt ra khi tm kim loi. Khi chn chm sng h quang bng tm thy tinh dy th thy khng c
electron bt ra na, iu ny chng t
A. tm kim loi tch in dng v mang in th dng.
B. ch c nh sng thch hp mi gy ra c hin tng quang in.
C. nh sng pht ra t h quang c bc sng nh hn gii hn quang in ca km.
D. tm thy tinh hp th tt c nh sng pht ra t h quang.
2830. Chn cu SAI
A.Hin tng quang dn l hin tng in tr ca cht bn dn gim mnh khi b chiu sng.
B.Trong hin tng quang dn,cc electron thot ra khi cht bn dn v tr thnh cc electron dn.
C.i vi mt bc x in t nht nh th hin tng quang dn gy ra dng in ln hn so vi hin tng
quang in c dng quang in cha bo ha.
D.Hin tng quang in v hin tng quang dn c cng bn cht.
2831. Vt sn mu hu nh khng hp th nh sng
A. trng. B. tm. C. vng. D. .
2832. iu no sau y ng khi ni v pin quang in?
A.Pin quang in l mt ngun in trong nhit nng bin thnh in nng.
B.Pin quang in l mt ngun in trong quang nng bin i trc tip thnh in nng
C.Pin quang in hot ng da trn hin tng cm ng in t.
D.C 3 trn u ng.
2833.Pht biu no sau y l ng khi ni v hin tng quang dn?
A.Trong hin tng quang dn,electron c gii phng ra khi cht bn dn.
B.Mt trong nhng ng dng quan trng ca hin tng quang dn lvic ch to n ng(n neon).
C.Trong hin tng quang dn,nng lng cn thit gii phng electron lin kt thnh electron dn c
cung cp bi nhit.
D.Trong hin tng quang dn,mi photon ca nh sng kch thch khi b hp th s gii phng mt electron
lin kt thnh mt electron t do.
2834. Pht biu no sau y l sai vi ni dung hai gi thuyt ca Bo?
A.Nguyn t c nng lng xc nh khi nguyn t ang nm trng thi dng.
B.Trong cc trng thi dng,nguyn t khng bc x hay hp th nng lng.
C.Khi chuyn t trng thi dng c mc nng lng cao sang trng thi dng c mc nng lng thp,nguyn
t s hp th mt phtn.
D.Trng thi dng l trng thi m nguyn t c mc nng lng hon ton xc nh.
2835. Cc vch trong dy Laiman thuc vng no trong cc vng sau?
A.Vng hng ngoi.
B.Vng t ngoi.
C.Vng nh sng nhn thy.
D.Mt phn nm trong vng nh sng nhn thy,mt phn nm trong vng t ngoi.
2836. Cc vch trong dy Pasen thuc vng no trong cc vng sau?
A.Vng hng ngoi.
B.Vng t ngoi.
C.Vng nh sng nhn thy.
D.Mt phn nm trong vng nh sng nhn thy,mt phn nm trong vng t ngoi.
2837. Cu no sau y sai khi eletron ca nguynt Hidr chuyn t qu o M v qu o L.
A. Nguyn t pht ra photon c nng lng
L M
E E
B. Nguyn t pht ra photon c tn s
h
E E
f
L M

C. Electron s chuyn t qu o dng c bn knh ln hn sang qu o dng c bn knh nh hn.

D. Nguyn t pht ra mt vch quang ph thuc dy Pasen.
2838. Cng thot electron ca mt kim loi l A
o
, gii hn quang in l
o
. Khi chiu vo b mt kim loi
chm bc x c bc sng = 0,5
o
th ng nng ban u cc i ca electron quang in bng
A. A
o
. B. 2A
o
. C. 0,75A
o
. D. 0,5A
o
.
2839. Nng lng ca mt phtn c xc nh theo biu thc
A. = h . B. =
hc
. C. =
h
c
. D. =
c
h
.
2840. Chiu ng thi hai bc x n sc c bc sng
1
v
2
vo mt tm kim loi. Cc electron bt ra vi
vn tc ban u cc i ln lt l v
1
v v
2
vi v
1
= 2v
2
. T s cc hiu in th hm U
h1
/U
h2
dng quang
in trit tiu l
A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5.
2841. Gii hn quang in ca kim loi l
0
. Chiu vo catt ca t bo quang in ln lt hai bc x c
bc sng
1
=
2
0
v
2
=
3
0
. Gi U
1
v U
2
l in p hm tng ng trit tiu dng quang in th
A. U
1
= 1,5U
2
. B. U
2
= 1,5U
1
. C. U
1
= 0,5U
2
. D. U
1
= 2U
2
.
2842. Cng thot electron ca mt kim loi l A
0
, gii hn quang in l
0
. Khi chiu vo b mt kim loi
chm bc x c bc sng =
0
3
th ng nng ban u cc i ca electron quang in bng:

A. 2A
0
. B. A
0
. C. 3A
0
. D. A
0
/3
2843. Chn pht biu ng. Trng thi dng ca nguyn t l:
A. trng thi ng yn ca nguyn t.
B. Trng thi chuyn ng u ca nguyn t.
C. Trng thi trong mi lctron ca nguyn t u khng chuyn ng i vi ht nhn.
D. Mt trong s cc trng thi c nng lng xc nh, m nguyn t c th tn ti.
2844. Chn pht biu ng. trng thi dng, nguyn t
A. khng bc x v khng hp th nng lng.
B. Khng bc x nhng c th hp th nng lng.
C. khng hp th, nhng c th bc x nng lng.
D. Vn c th hp th v bc x nng lng.
2845. Dy Ban-me ng vi s chuyn lctron t qu o xa ht nhn v qu o no sau y?
A. Qu o K. B. Qu o L. C. Qu o M. D. Qu o N.
2846. Mu nguyn t Bo khc mu nguyn t R-d-pho im no di y
A. Hnh dng qu o ca cc electron . B. Lc tng tc gia electron v ht nhn nguyn t.
C. Trng thi c nng lng n nh. D. M hnh nguyn t c ht nhn.
2847. Pht biu no sau y l ng?
A. Tin v s hp th v bc x nng lng ca nguyn t c ni dung l: Nguyn t hp th phton th
chuyn trng thi dng.
B. Tin v s hp th v bc x nng lng ca nguyn t c ni dung l: Nguyn t bc x phton th
chuyn trng thi dng.
C. Tin v s hp th v bc x nng lng ca nguyn t c ni dung l: Mi khi chuyn trng thi dng
nguyn t bc x hoc hp th photon c nng lng ng bng chnh lch nng lng gia hai trng thi
D. Tin v s hp th v bc x nng lng ca nguyn t c ni dung l: Nguyn t hp th nh sng no

th s pht ra nh sng .
2848. Dy Laiman nm trong vng:
A. t ngoi. B. nh sng nhn thy.
C. hng ngoi. D. nh sng nhn thy v mt phn trong vng t ngoi.
2849. Dy Pasen nm trong vng:
A. t ngoi. B. nh sng nhn thy.
C. hng ngoi. D. nh sng nhn thy v mt phn trong vng t ngoi.
2850.Trong quang ph ca nguyn t hyr, cc vch , , , trong dy Banme c bc sng nm trong
khong bc sng ca
A. tia Rnghen. B. nh sng nhn thy. C. tia hng ngoi. D. tia t ngoi.
2851. Trong quang ph vch hir, bn vch nm trong vng nh sng trng thy c mu l
A. , cam, chm, tm. B. , lam, chm, tm.
C. , cam, lam, tm. D. , cam, vng, tm
2852. Nguyen t hidro trang thai dng ma co the phat ra c 3 bc xa.
trang thai nay electron ang chuyen ong tren quy ao dng :
A. M. B. N. C. O. D. P
2853. Chn cu ng. nh sng hunh quang l:
A. tn ti mt thi gian sau khi tt nh sng kch thch.
B. hu nh tt ngay sau khi tt nh sng kch thch.
C. c bc sng nh hn bc sng nh sng kch thch.
D. do cc tinh th pht ra, sau khi c kch thch bng nh sng thch hp.
2854. Chn cu ng. nh sng ln quang l:
A. c pht ra bi cht rn, cht lng ln cht kh.
B. hu nh tt ngay sau khi tt nh sng kch thch.
C. c th tn ti rt lu sau khi tt nh sng kch thch.
D. c bc sng nh hn bc sng nh sng kch thch.
2855. Chn cu sai
A. S pht quang l mt dng pht nh sng ph bin trong t nhin.
B. Khi vt hp th nng lng di dng no th n pht ra nh sng, l pht quang.
C. Cc vt pht quang cho mt quang ph nh nhau.
D. Sau khi ngng kch thch, s pht quang mt s cht cn ko di mt thi gian no .
2856. Chn cu sai
A. Hunh quang l s pht quang c thi gian pht quang ngn (di 10
-8
s).
B. Ln quang l s pht quang c thi gian pht quang di (t 10
-6
s tr ln).
C. Bc sng nh sng pht quang bao gi nh hn bc sng ca nh sng hp th <
D. Bc sng nh sng pht quang bao gi cng ln hn bc sng ca nh sng hp th >
2857. Tia laze khng c c im no di y:
A. n sc cao. B. nh hng cao. C. Cng ln. D. Cng sut ln.
2858. Trong laze rubi c s bin i ca dng nng lng no di y thnh quang nng?
A. in nng. B. C nng. C. Nhit nng. D. Quang nng.
2859. Laze rubi khng hot ng theo nguyn tc no di y?
A. Da vo s pht x cm ng. B. To ra s o ln mt .
C. Da vo s ti hp gia lctron v l trng. D. S dng bung cng hng.
2860. Chn cu ng. Cng ca chm sng n sc truyn qua mi trng hp th
A. gim t l vi di ng i ca tia sng. B. gim t l vi bnh phng di ng i ca
tia sng.
C. gim theo nh lut hm s m ca di ng i ca tia sng.
D. gim theo t l nghch vi di ng i ca tia sng.
2861. Khi chiu sng vo tm knh chm sng tm, th ta thy c mu g?
A. Tm. B. . C. Vng. D. en.
2862. Hp th lc la nh sng l:
A. hp th mt phn nh sng chiu qua lm cng chm sng gim i.
B. hp th ton b mu sc no khi nh sng i qua.
C. mi bc sng b hp th mt phn, bc sng khc nhau, hp th khng ging nhau. D. Tt c cc p n
trn.
2863. Chn cu ng.
A. Khi chiu chm sng qua mi trng, cng nh sng gim i, mt phn nng lng tiu hao thnh
nng lng khc.
B. Cng I ca chm sng n sc qua mi trng hp th gim theo di d ca ng i theo hm s
m: I = I
0
e
-
t
.
C. Knh mu l knh hp th hu ht mt s bc sng nh sng, khng hp th mt bc sng no .
D. Tt c cc p n A, B, C.
2864. Chn cu ng: Mu sc cc vt l do vt
A. hp th nh sng chiu vo.
B. phn x nh sng chiu vo.
C. cho nh sng truyn qua.
D. hp th mt s bc sng nh sng v phn x, tn x nhng bc sng khc.
2865. Chn cu ng :
Chiu mt chm tia hng ngoi vo km tch in m th:
A. in tch m ca l km mt i
B. Tm km s trung ha v in.
C. in tch ca tm km khng thay i.
D. Tm km tch in dng
2866. Hin tng quang hc no c s dng trong my phn tch quang ph:
A. Hin tng khc x nh sng B. Hin tng giao thoa nh sng
C. Hin tng phn x nh sng D. Hin tng tn sc nh sng
2867. Chn cc cm t thch hp in vo ch trng cho hp ngha: Theo thuyt lng t: Nhng nguyn
t hay phn t vt cht nh sng mt cch m thnh tng phn ring bit mang nng lng hon ton
xc nh nh sng.
A. Khng hp th hay bc x, lin tc, t l thun vi bc sng.
B. Hp th hay bc x, lin tc, t l thun vi tn s.
C. Hp th hay bc x, khng lin tc, t l nghch vi bc sng.
D. Khng hp th hay bc x, lin tc, t l nghch vi tn s.
2868. Chn cu ng:
Khi hin tng quang in xy ra, nu gi nguyn bc sng nh sng kch thch v tng cng nh sng,
ta c:
A. ng nng ban u ca cc quang electron tng ln.
B. Cng dng quang in bo ha s tng ln.
C. Hiu in th hm s tng ln.
D. Cc quang in electron n anot vi vn tc ln hn.
2869. Hiu sut ca mt laze:
A. nh hn 1. B. Bng 1. C. ln hn 1. D. rt ln so vi 1.

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Phn VII: Lng t nh sng

c gi l gii hn quang in ca kim loi :

th hin tng quang in xy ra i vi bc x c

Nh vy trit tiu hon ton dng quang in th: U

c. ln in p trit tiu dng quang in :

l nng lng ca mt photon)

b. Nng lng ca photon:

Khi lng ca electron bng khi lng ngh ca electron

b. Theo cng thc Einstein:

M in th cc i ca vt tnh theo cng thc:

m vo catt ca t bo quang in bng ng, cng

m vo mt tm km loi, cc lectron quang in bn ra c

m th c hin tng quang in xy ra khng? Nu c tnh ng nng cc i ca cc lectron quang

m. Hin tng g s xy ra khi chiu chm nh

. Cng thot ca electron i vi kim loi dng lm

m ln mt tm kim loi dng lm

m vo qu cu bng dng t xa cc vt khc th qu cu c tch

- Trong t trng u: B qua trng lc ta ch xt lc

vi cm ng t: lectron chuyn ng theo vng

b. Lc tc dng ln electron chnh l lc Lo-ren-x, tnh bi biu thc :

vung gc vi vect vn tc ca cc electron quang in. T trng c cm ng t

l s photon ca ngun sng pht ra trong mi giy;

l lng t nng lng

3. Hiu sut lng t.

l s photon p vo Katt trong mi giy.

Cng sut ca ngun sng:

V d 2: Catt ca mt t bo quang in c cng thot l 2,26eV. B mt catt c chiu bi bc x c

S phtn m b mt catt nhn c trong 30s: N=30

mt cn nhn thy c ngun sng th 80 n N (

m vo ca tt ca mt t bo quang in dng quang in bo

m ln mt tm kim loi dng lm

m s photon do n ng pht ra trong 30 giy l bao nhiu?

Trng hp ton b nng lng ca electron bin thnh nhit lng:

Trng hp tng qut:

V d 2: Mt ng Rnghen pht ra bc x c bc sng nh nht l 3.10

ca tia Rghen do ng pht ra:

2729. Khi ng hot ng th dng in qua ng l I = 2mA. Tnh s in t p vo i m cc trong mi

- Cng v vi v ca (2) v (3):

- Cng v vi v ca (2) v (4):

- Cng v vi v ca (2) v (5):

V d 3: Electron ca nguyn t hir trng thi c bn hp th mt nng lng 12,09eV.

Vy electron ca nguyn t hir chuyn ln mc nng lng M

thuc vng nh sng nhn thy.

2764. Thuyt lng t khng gii thch c cc hin tng no sau y ?

2788. Chn cu ng:

C. Electron s chuyn t qu o dng c bn knh ln hn sang qu o dng c bn knh nh hn.

th ng nng ban u cc i ca electron quang in bng:

D. Tin v s hp th v bc x nng lng ca nguyn t c ni dung l: Nguyn t hp th nh sng no

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