114 CAU TRAC NGHIEM ANDEHIT - XETON AXIT Cu 1.

. trung ha hon ton 2,36 g mt axit hu c X cn 80ml dung dch NaOH 0,5 M. X l. A. CH3COOH. B. C2H5COOH. C. C2H3COOH. D. C2H4(COOH)2. Cu 2. Cho 2,2 gam hp cht n chc X cha C, H, O phn ng ht vi dung dch AgNO3/ NH3 d to ra 10,8 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to ca X l: A. HCHO. B. CH2=CHCHO. C. CH3CHO. D. C2H5CHO. Cu 3. Cho bn hp cht sau: (X): CH3CHClCHClCOOH ; (Y): ClCH2CH2CHClCOOH (Z): Cl2CHCH2CH2COOH ; (T): CH3CH2CCl2COOH Hp cht no c tnh axit mnh nht? A. Hp cht (X). B. Hp cht (Y). C. Hp cht (Z). D. Hp cht (T). Cu 4. Cho 2,9 gam mt anehit phn ng hon ton vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3 thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca anehit. A . HCHO. B. OHC-CHO. C. CH3CHO. D. CH2=CH-CHO. Cu 5. Cho s phn ng:

Xenluloz

+ 2 HO H+, to

me r u n

men gi m

+ Y xt, to

T .

Cng thc ca T l: A. C2H5COOH. B. C2H5COOCH3. C. CH3COOH. D. CH3COOC2H5. Cu 6. t chy hon ton 0,10 mol hn hp hai axit cacboxylic l ng ng k tip thu c 3,360 lt CO2 (ktc) v 2,70 gam H2O. S mol ca mi axit ln lt l: A. 0,050 v 0,050. B. 0,060 v 0,040. C. 0,045 v 0,055. D. 0,040 v 0,060. Cu 7. Chiu gim dn nhit si (t tri qua phi) ca cc cht: CH3CHO, C2H5OH, H2O l: A. H2O, C2H5OH, CH3CHO. B. CH3CHO, H2O, C2H5OH. C. H2O, CH3CHO, C2H5OH. D. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, H2O. Cu 8. Cho 6,6 gam mt anehit X n chc, mch h phn ng vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong. dung dch NH3, un nng. Lng Ag sinh ra cho phn ng ht vi axit HNO3 long, thot ra 2,24 lt kh NO. (sn phm kh duy nht, o ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16). A. CH3CH2CHO. B. CH2 = CHCHO. C. CH3CHO. D. HCHO. Cu 9. X l hp cht hu c trong phn t ch cha C, H, O. X tham gia phn ng trng gng v cng tham gia phn ng vi dung dch NaOH. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X thu c 0,3 mol gm CO2 v H2O. X l. A. HCOOCH3. B. H- CO - CH2 - COOH. C. H - CO - COOH. D. HCOOH. Cu 10. Hn hp X gm axit HCOOH v axit CH3COOH (t l mol 1:1). Ly 5,3 gam hn hp X tc dng vi 5,75 gam C2H5OH (c xc tc H2SO4 c) thu c m gam hn hp este (hiu sut ca cc phn ng este ho u bng 80%). Gi tr ca m l (cho H = 1, C = 12, O = 16). A. 16,20. B. 6,48. C. 8,10. D. 10,12. Cu 11. Trong cc hp cht di y, hp cht no sau y c tnh axit mnh nht? A. CH3COOH. B. CF3COOH. C. CCl3COOH. D. CBr3COOH. Cu 12. Cho 4 hp cht sau: CH3COOH, CF3COOH, CCl3COOH, CBr3COOH. Hp cht c tnh axit mnh nht l: A. CF3COOH. B. CBr3COOH. C. CH3COOH. D. CCl3COOH. Cu 13. Axit acrylic (CH2=CHCOOH) khng tham gia phn ng vi. A. NaNO3. B. H2/xt. C. dung dch Br2. D. Na2CO3. Cu 14. Anehit X c t khi hi so vi H2 bng 36. S ng phn cu to c th c ca X l: A. 2. B. 1. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 15. S cht c phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 l: A. 4. B. 2. C. 1. D. 3. Cu 16. A, B l 2 axit no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. Cho hn hp gm 4,60 gam A v 6,0 gam B tc dng ht vi kim loi Na thu c 2,24 lt H2 (ktc). Cng thc phn t ca A v B ln lt l: A. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH. B. C3H7COOH v C4H9COOH. C. HCOOH v CH3COOH. D. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH. Cu 17. Cho cc cht sau: C2H5OH, CH3COOH, HCOOH, C6H5OH. Chiu tng dn linh ng ca nguyn t H trong cc nhm chc ca 4 cht l: A. C6H5OH, C2H5OH, CH3COOH, HCOOH. B. C2H5OH, C6H5OH, HCOOH, CH3COOH. C. C6H5OH, C2H5OH, HCOOH, CH3COOH. D. C2H5OH, C6H5OH, CH3COOH, HCOOH. Cu 18. C 3 dung dch: CH3CHO, CH3COOH, HCOOH ng trong 3 l mt nhn. Ho cht c th dng phn bit ba dung dch trn l: A. Qu tm, CuO. B. qu tm, Na. C. Qu tm, dung dch AgNO3/NH3. D. dung dch AgNO3/NH3, CuO. Cu 19. Cho axit axetic tc dng vi ancol etylic d (H2SO4 c, to), kt thc th nghim thu c 0,3 mol etyl axetat vi hiu sut phn ng l 60%. Vy s mol axit axetic cn dng l: A. 0,5 mol. B. 0,18 mol. C. 0,05 mol. D. 0,3 mol. Cu 20. Cho 4,52 gam hn hp X gm C2H5OH, C6H5OH, CH3COOH tc dng va vi Na thy thot ra 896 ml kh ( ktc) v m gam hn hp rn. Gi tr ca m l: A. 5,44 gam. B. 6,36 gam. C. 5,40 gam. D. 6,28 gam.

Cu 21. Chia a gam CH3COOH thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1: trung ha va bi 0,5 lt dung dch NaOH 0,4M. Phn 2: thc hin phn ng este ha vi C2H5OH thu c m gam este (gi s hiu sut phn ng l 100%). Gi tr ca m l: A. 8,8 gam. B. 35,2 gam. C. 21,2 gam. D. 17,6 gam. Cu 22. t chy mt hn hp cc ng ng ca anehit ta thu c s mol CO2 = s mol H2O th l dy ng ng: A. Anehit hai chc no. B. Anehit n chc no. C. anehit khng no, n chc. D. Anehit vng no. Cu 23. t chy hon ton a mol mt anehit X (mch h) to ra b mol CO2 v c mol H2O (bit b = a + c). Trong phn ng trng gng, mt phn t X ch cho 2 electron. X thuc dy ng ng anehit. A. no, n chc. B. no, hai chc. C. khng no c mt ni i, n chc. D. khng no c hai ni i, n chc. Cu 24. Khi cho 6 gam an ehit fomic tc dng vi lng d dung dch AgNO 3 trong NH3. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton ta thu c kt ta Ag. Khi lng ca Ag thu c l A. 86,4 gam. B. 43,2 gam. C. 54 gam. D. 64,8 gam. Cu 25. Khi cho glixerol tc dng vi hn hp 2 axit etanoic v metanoic. S lng sn phm c th to thnh ca phn ng este l: A. 16 sn phm. B. 17 sn phm. C. 14 sn phm. D. 15 sn phm. Cu 26. Cho s phn ng sau:
H2 d O2 X Ni,tY O,t ,xt a iso u 0 Cu Z xit b tiric
0

Bit X, Y, Z l cc hp cht hu c khc nhau v X cha no. Cng thc cu to ca X l cht no sau y? A. (CH3)2C=CHCHO. B. CH3-H(CH3)CH2OH. C. (CH3)3CCHO. D. CH2=C(CH3)CHO. Cu 27. un nng 18 gam CH3COOH vi 9,2 gam C2H5OH c mt H2SO4 c. Kt thc th nghim thu c 10,56 gam este. Hiu sut phn ng este ho bng. A. 30%. B. 40%. C. 60%. D. 80%. Cu 28. Cho cc cht sau: CH3COOH, C2H5COOH, CH3COOCH3, CH3CH2CH2OH. Chiu tng dn nhit si (t tri qua phi) ca cc cht trn l: A. CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3COOH, CH3COOCH3, C2H5COOH .B. CH3COOCH3, CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3COOH, C2H5COOH. C. CH3CH2CH2OH, CH3COOH, CH3COOCH3, C2H5COOH. D. CH3COOH, CH3COOCH3, CH3CH2CH2OH, C2H5COOH. Cu 29. Cho 3,6 gam axit cacboxylic no, n chc X tc dng hon ton vi 500 ml dung dch gm KOH 0,12M v NaOH 0,12M. C cn dung dch thu c 8,28 gam hn hp cht rn khan. Cng thc phn t ca X l. A. C3H7COOH. B. CH3COOH. C. C2H5COOH. D. HCOOH. Cu 30. C bao nhiu ng phn cu to ca xeton c cng thc phn t C5H10O? A. 2. B. 3. C. 5. D. 4. Cu 31. Cho cc cht sau: CH3COOH, HCOOH, C6H5OH, CH2=CHCOOH, CH3CHO, CH3COCH3. Dy gm cc cht khng phn ng vi dung dch Br2 l: A. CH3COOH, HCOOH, CH3COCH3. B. CH3COOH, CH3COCH3. C. C6H5OH, CH2=CHCOOH, CH3CHO. D. CH3COOH, CH3COCH3, CH3CHO. Cu 32. Mt hn hp X gm hai anehit A, B n chc. Cho 0,25 mol hn hp X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d to ra 86,40 gam kt ta. Bit MA < MB. A ng vi cng thc phn t no di y? A. C2H3CHO. B. HCHO. C. CH3CHO. D. C2H5CHO. Cu 33. Cho cc dung dch thuc th: AgNO3/NH3; Br2; Na2CO3; qu tm, KMnO4. S thuc th c th dng phn bit 3 cht: etanal (anehit axetic), propan2on (axeton) v pent1in (pentin1) l: A. 1. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2. Cu 34. phn ng este ho c hiu sut cao hn (to ra nhiu este hn), ta c th dng nhng bin php no trong s cc bin php sau. 1) tng nhit 2) dng H+ xc tc 3) tng nng axit (hay ancol). 4) chng ct dn este ra khi mi trng phn ng. A. 2,3. B. 3,4. C. 3. D. 1,2. Cu 35. C bao nhiu ng phn anehit c cng thc phn t C5H10O? A. 3. B. 6. C. 5. D. 4. Cu 36. Cho 4 axit: CH3COOH (X), Cl2CHCOOH (Y) ClCH2COOH (Z), BrCH2COOH (T) Chiu tng dn tnh axit ca cc axit cho l: A. Y, Z, T, X. B. T, Z, Y, X. C. X, T, Z, Y. D. X, Z, T, Y. Cu 37. trung ha 6,72 gam axit cacboxylic no, n chc Y, cn dng 200 gam dung dch NaOH 2,24%. Cng thc ca Y l: A. CH3COOH. B. C2H5COOH. C. C3H7COOH. D. HCOOH. Cu 38. Cht X c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 tc dng vi NaOH to thnh cht Y c cng thc phn t C4H7O2Na. X l loi cht no di y? A. Axit. B. Phenol. C. Ancol. D. Este. Cu 39. Cho cc cht: axit propionic (X), axit axetic (Y), ancol etylic (Z) v imetyl ete (T). Dy gm cc cht c sp xp theo chiu tng dn nhit si l: A. T, Z, Y, X. B. T, X, Y, Z. C. Z, T, Y, X. D. Y, T, X, Z. Cu 40. Brom phn ng vi axit butiric (X) sinh ra CH3CHBrCH2COOH (Y) hoc CH3CH2CHBrCOOH (Z) hoc BrCH2CH2CH2COOH (T) ty theo iu kin phn ng. Chiu tng dn tnh axit (t tri qua phi) ca cc axit trn l: A. T, Z, Y, X. B. X, Y, Z, T. C. Y, Z, T, X. D. X, T, Y, Z.

Cu 41. Hp cht hu c X (CxHyOz) c phn t khi nh hn 90 g/mol. X tham gia phn ng trng gng v c th tc dng vi H2/Ni, t0, sinh ra mt ancol c cacbon bc bn trong phn t. Cng thc ca X l: A. (CH3)3CCH2CHO. B. (CH3)2CHCHO. C. (CH3)3CCHO. D. (CH3)2CHCH2CHO. Cu 42. Cho cc cht: HCN, H2, dung dch KMnO4, dung dch Br2. S cht c phn ng vi C2H5CHO l: A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4. Cu 43. Cho 0,1 mol anehit X tc dng vi lng d AgNO3 (hoc Ag2O) trong dung dch NH3, un nng thu c 43,2 gam Ag. Hiro ho X thu c Y, bit 0,1 mol Y phn ng va vi 4,6 gam Na. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l (cho Na = 23, Ag = 108). A. CH3CH(OH)CHO. B. OHC-CHO. C. CH3CHO. D. HCHO. Cu 44. Trong cng nghip anehit fomic c iu ch trc tip t cht no di y? A. Cacbon. B. Metyl axetat. C. Metanol. D. Etanol. Cu 45. Cho 13,4 gam hn hp X gm hai axit no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong cng dy ng ng tc dng vi Na d, thu c 17,8 gam mui. Khi lng ca axit c s nguyn t cacbon t hn c trong X l: A. 3,0 gam. B. 6,0 gam. C. 4,6 gam. D. 7,4 gam. Cu 46. Cho 6,6 gam mt anehit X n chc, mch h phn ng vi lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, un nng. Ton b lng Ag sinh ra cho phn ng ht vi axit HNO3 long, thot ra 2,24 lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht, o ktc). Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l: A. HCHO. B. CH3CH2CHO. C. CH3CHO. D. CH2 = CHCHO. Cu 47. t chy hon ton 1,46 gam mt axit hu c nhiu ln axit ngi ta thu c 1,344 lt kh CO2 (o ktc) v 0,9 gam nc. Cng thc nguyn n gin ca axit l: A. (C2H4O2)n. B. (C2H3O2)n. C. (C3H5O2)n. D. (C4H7O2)n. Cu 48. Phn 1: Cho phn ng hon ton vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 21,6 gam bc kim loi. trung ha hon ton phn 2 cn 200,0 ml dung dch NaOH 1,0M. Cng thc ca hai axit l: A. CH3COOH, C2H5COOH. B. CH3COOH, C3H7COOH. C. HCOOH, C3H7COOH. D. HCOOH, C2H5COOH. Cu 49. phn bit axit fomic v axetic c th dng. A. Cu(OH)2 iu kin thng. B. CaCO3. AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3. C. D. Dung dch NH3. Cu 50. Hp cht hu c A cha cc nguyn t C, H, O, trong cacbon chim 50% khi lng. Trong A ch c mt loi nhm chc, khi cho 1 mol A tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d ta thu c 4 mol Ag. Cng thc cu to ca A l: A. OHC-(CH2)2-CHO. B. (CHO)2. C. OHC-CH2-CHO. D. HCHO. Cu 51. Hp cht.

CH2 CH

C CH 2 CH3 O

c tn gi l:

A. imetyl xeton. B. Vinyletyl xeton. C. Etylvinyl xeton. D. Penten-3-ol. Cu 52. S bin i tnh cht axit ca dy CH3COOH, CH2ClCOOH, CHCl2COOH l: A. gim. B. tng. C. khng thay i. D. va gim va tng. Cu 53. Cht hu c X n chc trong phn t c cha C,H,O. t chy 1 mol X to ra khng qu. 1 mol CO2. Bit X c phn ng vi Na, NaOH, Na2CO3 v X c phn ng trng gng. X l. A. anehit axetic. B. axit axetic. C. anehit fomic. D. axit fomic. Cu 54. Cng thc chung ca axit cacboxylic no, n chc, mch h l: A. CnH2n+2O2. B. CnH2n+1O2. C. CnH2nO2. D. CnH2n1O2. Cu 55. Xt phn ng: CH3COOH + C2H5OH

CH3COOC2H5 + H2O.

Trong cc cht trn, cht c nhit si thp nht l: A. C2H5OH. B. CH3COOC2H5. C. H2O. D. CH3COOH. Cu 56. Anehit c th tham gia phn ng trng gng v phn ng vi H2 (Ni, t0). Qua hai phn ng ny chng t anehit. A. khng th hin tnh kh v tnh oxi ho. B. ch th hin tnh oxi ho. C. ch th hin tnh kh. D. th hin c tnh kh v tnh oxi ho. Cu 57. Cho cc axit sau: (CH3)2CHCOOH, CH3COOH, HCOOH, (CH3)3CCOOH. Chiu gim dn tnh axit (tnh t tri qua phi) ca cc axit cho l: A. HCOOH, CH3COOH, (CH3)2CHCOOH, (CH3)3CCOOH. B. (CH3)3CCOOH, (CH3)2CHCOOH, CH3COOH, HCOOH. C. HCOOH, (CH3)3CCOOH, (CH3)2CHCOOH, CH3COOH. D. HCOOH, CH3COOH, (CH3)2CHCOOH, (CH3)3CCOOH. Cu 58. Cho 3 axit: axit pentanoic CH3[CH2]2CH2COOH (1) axit hexanoic CH3[CH2]3CH2COOH (2) axit heptanoic CH3[CH2]4CH2COOH (3) Chiu gim dn tan trong nc (t tri qua phi) ca 3 axit cho l: A. (2), (1), (3). B. (3), (2), (1). C. (1), (2), (3). D. (1), (3), (2). Cu 59. Cho cc cht: HCN, H2, dung dch KMnO4, dung dch Br2. S cht c phn ng vi (CH3)2CO l: A. 4. B. 2. C. 3. D. 1. Cu 60. Trong dy chuyn ho:
2 2 2 C2H2 X Y Z T. +Y Cc cht X, Y, Z, T ln lt l: A. C2H5OH, CH3CHO, CH3COOH, CH3COOC2H5. C. CH3CHO, C2H5OH, CH3COOH, CH3COOC2H5. +H O +H +O

B. HCOOH, C2H5OH, CH3COOH, HCOOC2H5. D. C2H5CHO, C2H5OH, C2H5COOH, C2H5COOCH3.

Cu 61. C3H6O c bao nhiu ng phn mch h, bn c kh nng lm mt mu dung dch Br2? A. 1. B. 4. C. 3. D. 2. Cu 62. Cho 14,80 gam hn hp 2 axit hu c no, n chc tc dng vi lng va Na2CO3 to thnh 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc). Khi lng mui thu c l: A. 16,20 gam. B. 17,10 gam. C. 19,40 gam. D. 19,20 gam. Cu 63. t chy hon ton 1,760 gam mt axit hu c X mnh thng c 1,792 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 1,440 gam H2O. Cng thc cu to ca X l: A. HOOCCH2COOH. B. CH3CH2CH2COOH. C. CH3CH=CHCOOH. D. C2H5COOH. Cu 64. Xt cc yu t sau y: nhit (1); xc tc(2); nng ca cc cht tc dng(3); bn cht ca cc cht tc dng(4). Yu t no nh hng n tc ca phn ng este ha. A. (1), (3), (4). B. (1), (2), (3). C. (1), (2), (3), (4). D. (1), (2), (4). Cu 65. Axit X mch h, khng phn nhnh c cng thc thc nghim (C3H5O2)n. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l: A. C2H4COOH. B. HOOCCH2CH(CH3)CH2COOH. C. HOOC[CH2]4COOH. D. CH3CH2CH(COOH)CH2COOH. Cu 66. Cho 10 gam hn hp X gm axit acrylic v axit propionic tc dng va vi 50 gam dung dch Br2 3,2%. Thnh phn % khi lng axit propionic c trong X l: A. 72%. B. 28 %. C. 74%. D. 26%. Cu 67. Dng thuc th no di y phn bit axit fomic v axit acrylic? A. dung dch Br2. B. Dung dch Na2CO3. C. Dung dch AgNO3/NH3. D. Qu tm m. Cu 68. sn xut gim n ngi ta dng phng php no trong cc phng php sau? A. 2CH3 CHO + O2 C. C 2H2 + H2O
xt, t0

2CH3 COOH .
[O] xt

B. CH3COOCH3 + H 2O D. C2H5OH + O2

H2SO 4 n , un ng

CH3COOH + CH 3OH .

CH 3CHO

CH3COOH .

enzim

CH3 COOH + H 2O .

Cu 69. Cho 10 gam fomalin tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d, sau phn ng thu c 54 gam kt ta (coi nng ca axit fomic trong fomalin l khng ng k). Nng % ca anehit fomic l: A. 37,5%. B. 37%. C. 39,5%. D. 75%. Cu 70. Nhit si ca cc axit cacboxylic cao hn ca anehit, xeton, ancol c cng s nguyn t C l do. A. cc axit cacboxylic u l cht lng hoc cht rn. B. axit cacboxylic cha nhm C=O v nhm OH. C. s phn cc nhm cacboxyl v s to thnh lin kt hiro lin phn t cc phn t axit. D. phn t khi ca axit ln hn v nguyn t H ca nhm axit linh ng hn. Cu 71. Ch dng mt ha cht no di y phn bit hai bnh mt nhn cha kh C2H2 v HCHO? A. Dung dch Br2. B. Cu(OH)2. C. Dung dch NaOH. D. Dung dch AgNO3/NH3. Cu 72. X v Y l hai axit hu c no, n chc, mch h, k tip nhau trong cng dy ng ng. Cho hn hp gm 2,30 gam X v 3,0 gam Y tc dng ht vi K d thu c 1,12 lt H2 ( ktc). Cng thc ca hai axit l: A. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH. B. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH. C. C3H7COOH v C4H9COOH. D. HCOOH v CH3COOH. Cu 73. Cho hn hp gm 0,10 mol HCOOH v 0,20 mol HCHO tc dng ht vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d th khi lng Ag thu c l: A. 216,0 gam. B. 10,80 gam. C. 64,80 gam. D. 108,0 gam. Cu 74. iu ch anehit t ancol bng mt phn ng, ngi ta dng. A. ancol bc 2. B. ancol bc 1. C. ancol bc 1 v ancol bc 2. D. ancol bc 3. Cu 75. 10,6 gam hn hp hai axit n chc phn ng va vi 200 ml NaOH 1M. Khi lng. hn hp mui natri thu c sau phn ng l. A. 21,2 gam. B. 15 gam. C. 20 gam. D. 5,3gam. Cu 76. Cho s phn ng:
Cl 2 ,as vi ti xt dd NaOH, t CuO, t CH 3COONa X Y Z T . 1:1 t0
0 0

X, Y, Z, T l cc hp cht hu c, cng thc ca T l: A. HCHO. B. CH3OH. C. CH2O2. D. CH3CHO. Cu 77. Bin php no di y khng p dng lm tng hi sut qu trnh tng hp CH3COOC2H5 t axit v ancol tng ng? A. Dng H2SO4 c hp th nc. B. Tng p sut chung ca h. C. Dng d axit hoc ancol. D. Chng ct ui este. Cu 78. t chy hon ton 0,10 mol hn hp hai axit cacboxylic l ng ng k tip thu c 3,36 lt CO2 (ktc) v 2,70 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca chng l: A. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH. B. C2H3COOH v C3H5COOH. C. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH. D. HCOOH v CH3COOH. Cu 79. t chy hon ton a mol axit hu c Y c 2a mol CO2. Mt khc, trung ha a mol Y. cn va 2a mol NaOH. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca Y l. A. HOOC-COOH. B. HOOC-CH2-CH2-COOH. C. CH3-COOH. D. C2H5-COOH. Cu 80. phn ng este ho mau t ti trng thi cn bng, ta c th dng nhng bin php no trong s cc bin php sau. 2) Dng H+ xc tc. 1) Tng nhit . 3) Tng nng axit (hay ancol). 4) Chng ct dn este ra khi mi trng phn ng. A. 1,2. B. 3,4. C. 2,3. D. 3. Cu 81. Cho 19,2 gam hn hp X gm fomaehit v axetanehit phn ng hon ton vi lng d Cu(OH)2 trong NaOH un nng. Kt thc th nghim thu c 100,8 gam kt ta. Thnh phn % s mol fomaehit c trong X l:

A. 33,33%. Cu 82. Cho s phn ng sau:

B. 66,67%.

C. 50,0%.
+CuO, to

D. 75,0%.

Toluen

+ Cl2 , as 1:1

+NaOH, to

+ dd AgNO3 /NH3

T.

Bit X, Y, Z, T l cc hp cht hu c v l nhng sn phm chnh. Cng thc cu to ng ca T l cht no sau y? A. p-HOOC-C6H4-COONH4. B. C6H5-COOH. C. CH3-C6H4-COONH4. D. C6H5-COONH4. Cu 83. un 12 gam axit axetic vi 13,8 gam etanol (c H2SO4 c lm xc tc) n khi phn ng t ti. trng thi cn bng, thu c 11 gam este. Hiu sut ca phn ng este ho l. A. 55%. B. 75%. C. 62,5%. D. 50%. Cu 84. Cho 2,9 gam anehit X c t khi hi so vi H2 bng 29,0 tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 21,6 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l: A. CH2=CHCHO. B. CH3CHO. C. (CHO)2. D. CH3CH2CHO. Cu 85. Cho cc thuc th sau: Na; K; AgNO3/NH3; Cu(OH)2/OH. S thuc th c th dng phn bit 2 bnh ring bit, mt nhn ng ancol etylic 45o v dung dch fomalin l: A. 1. B. 3. C. 2. D. 4. Cu 86. T khi hi ca anhit X so vi H2 bng 29. Bit 2,9 gam X tc dng vi dung dch. AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 10,8 gam Ag. Cng thc cu to ca X l: A. CH3 - CH2 - CHO. B. CH2 = CH - CHO. C. CH2 = CHCH2CHO. D. OHC - CHO. Cu 87. Cho 0,1 mol anehit X tc dng vi lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, un nng thu c 43,2 gam Ag. Hiro ho X thu c Y, bit 0,1 mol Y phn ng va vi 4,6 gam Na. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l: A. CH3CHO. B. HCHO. C. OHC-CH2-CHO. D. (CHO)2. Cu 88. Axit no di y c phn ng vi Cu(OH)2/OH khi un nng cho kt ta gch? A. Axit fomic. B. Axit stearic. C. Axit acrylic. D. Axit oxalic. Cu 89. t chy hon ton 6,0 gam axit cacboxylic X ri dn ton b sn phm chy ln lt qua bnh (1) ng axit H2SO4 c, d v bnh (2) ng dung dch NaOH c, d. Kt thc th nghim, bnh (1) tng 3,6 gam; bnh (2) tng 8,8 gam. Cng thc cu to ca X l: A. HOOCCOOH. B. CH3COOH. C. HCOOH. D. CH2=CHCOOH. Cu 90. trung ho 8,8 gam mt axit cacboxylic c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh thuc dy ng ng ca axit axetic cn 100,0 ml dung dch NaOH 1,0M. Cng thc cu to c th c ca axit cacboxylic l: A. CH3CH2CH2COOH. B. CH3CH(CH3)COOH. C. CH3CH2CH2CH2COOH. D. CH3 CH2COOH. Cu 91. iu ch axit trc tip t anehit ta c th dng cht oxi ha no sau y? A. Cu(OH)2/OH-, to. B. O2 (Mn2+, to). C. Dung dch AgNO3/NH3. D. Dung dch AgNO3/NH3 hoc Cu(OH)2/OH-, to. Cu 92. Cho 4,5 gam mt anhit n chc tc dng hon ton vi Ag2O trong dd NH3 d thu c 64,4 gam Ag. Cng thc phn t ca anht l. A. HCHO B. CH3CHO C. C2H5CHO D. C2H3CHO Cu 93. Dy gm cc cht u tc dng vi AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3, l: A. axit fomic, vinylaxetilen, propin. B. anehit fomic, axetilen, etilen. C. anehit axetic, butin-1, etilen. D. anehit axetic, axetilen, butin-2. Cu 94. Chia hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h thnh hai phn bng nhau: Phn 1: em t chy hon ton thu c 5,4 gam H2O. Phn 2: Cho tc dng ht vi H2 d (Ni, to) thu c hn hp Y. t chy hon ton hn hp Y, thu c V lt CO2 (ktc). V c gi tr no di y? A. 1,12 lt. B. 3,36 lt. C. 4,48 lt. D. 6,72 lt. Cu 95. Khi t chy hon ton anehit no, n chc, mch h th t l s mol sn phm chy thu c l: A.

n H2O n CO2

=1 .

B.

n H2O n CO2

>1 .

C.

n H2O n CO2

<1 .

D.

n H2O n CO2

1 = . 2

Cu 96. X l hp cht hu c (cha C, H, O) trong hiro chim 2,439% v khi lng. t chy hon ton X thu c s mol nc bng s mol X, mt khc bit 1 mol X phn ng va vi 4 mol AgNO3 trong dung dch amoniac. Cng thc cu to c th c ca X l: A. HC C-CHO. B. HCHO. C. CH3CHO. D. OHC-C C-CHO. Cu 97. Hn hp X gm hai axit hu c no. t chy 0,3 mol hn hp X thu c 11,2 lt CO2 (ktc). Nu trung ha 0,3 mol hn hp X th cn 500ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Cng thc cu to ca hai axit l: A. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH. B. HCOOH v HOOC - COOH. C. CH3COOH v C3H7COOH. CH3COOH v HOOC - COOH. D. Cu 98. Axit cacboxylic no, mch h X c cng thc thc nghim (C3H4O3)n, vy cng thc phn t ca X l. A. C9H12O9. B. C3H4O3. C. C12H16O12. D. C6H8O6. Cu 99. trung ho 3,6 gam mt axit n chc (X) cn 100ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. Tn gi ca X l: A. axit fomic. B. axit metacylic. C. Axit crylic. D. axit axetic. Cu 100. C4H8O2 c bao nhiu ng phn axit? A. 3 ng phn. B. 1 ng phn. C. 4 ng phn. D. 2 ng phn. Cu 101. Cho hn hp HCHO v H2 d i qua ng ng bt Ni un nng thu c hn hp X. Dn ton b sn phm thu c vo bnh nc lnh thy khi lng bnh tng 11,80 gam. Ly ton b dung dch trong bnh cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 21,60 gam Ag. Khi lng ancol c trong X l gi tr no di y? A. 1,03 gam. B. 8,30 gam. C. 9,30 gam. D. 10,30 gam.

Cu 102. Hp cht C4H6O3 c th tc dng vi natri gii phng H2, tc dng vi NaOH v c phn. ng trng gng. Cng thc cu to hp l ca C4H6O3 c th l. A. CH3- CO - CH2 - COOH. B. CH2OH- COO- CH = CH2. C. HCO - O - CH2- CH2 - CHO. D. OHC - CH2 - CH2 - COOH. Cu 103. t chy hon ton hn hp hai axit cacboxylic thu c 3,36 lt CO2 (ktc) v 2,70 gam H2O. Hai axit trn thuc loi no trong nhng loi sau? A. No, n chc, mch h. B. No, a chc. C. Thm, n chc. D. Khng no, n chc. Cu 104. Cho 4 cht: C6H5OH, CH3COOH, H2CO3, HCOOH. Cht c tnh axit yu nht l: A. H2CO3. B. CH3COOH. C. HCOOH. D. C6H5OH. Cu 105. Mt hn hp gm hai anehit X v Y k tip nhau trong dy ng ng ca anehit no n chc, mch h (khc HCHO). Cho 1,02 gam hn hp trn phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d thu c 4,32 gam Ag kim loi (hiu sut phn ng 100%). Cng thc cu to ca X v Y ln lt l: A. HCHO, C2H5CHO. B. C3H7CHO, C4H9CHO. C. CH3CHO, C2H5CHO. D. CH3CHO, HCHO. Cu 106. S lin kt trong cng thc cu to ca axit cacboxylic khng no, n chc, mch h c mt ni i l: A. 0. B. 3. C. 2. D. 1. Cu 107. Cho cc cht sau: CH3CH2CHO, CH2=CHCHO, CH3COCH3, CH2=CHCH2OH. Nhng cht no tc dng hon ton vi H2 d (Ni, to) cho cng mt sn phm? A. CH3CH2CHO, CH2=CH-CHO, CH3-CO-CH3, CH2=CH-CH2OH.B. CH2=CH-CHO, CH3-CO-CH3, CH2=CH-CH2OH. C. CH3CH2CHO, CH2=CH-CHO, CH2=CH-CH2OH. D. CH3CH2CHO, CH2=CH-CHO, CH3-CO-CH3. Cu 108. Trong cng nghip, axeton c iu ch t. A. xiclopropan. B. propan-2-ol. C. cumen. D. propan-1-ol. Cu 109. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol axit cacbonxylic n chc cn dng va V lt O2 (ktc) thu c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,2 mol H2O. Gi tr ca V l: A. 4,48. B. 5,60. C. 8,96. D. 6,72. Cu 110. t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h thu c 0,4 mol CO2. Mt khc hiro ho hon ton m gam X cn va 0,2 mol H2 (Ni, to), sau phn ng thu c hn hp hai ancol. t chy hon ton hn hp hai ancol ny th s mol H2O thu c l bao nhiu? A. 0,8 mol. B. 0,6 mol. C. 0,3 mol. D. 0,4 mol. Cu 111. Oxi ho 2,2 gam mt anehit n chc X thu c 3,0 gam axit tng ng (hiu sut phn ng bng 100%). X c cng thc cu to no di y? A. CH3CHO. B. CH3CH2CH2CHO. C. CH3CH(CH3)CHO. D. C2H5CHO. Cu 112. Axit fomic HCOOH c th tham gia phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 d v phn ng kh Cu(OH)2 trong mi trng baz thnh kt ta mu gch (Cu2O) v. A. axit fomic l axit rt mnh nn c kh nng phn ng c vi cc cht trn. B. y l nhng tnh cht ca mt axit c tnh oxi ha. C. axit fomic th hin tnh cht ca mt axit phn ng vi mt baz l AgOH v Cu(OH)2. D. trong phn t axit fomic c nhm chc anehit. Cu 113. t chy hon ton a mol axit hu c Y c 3a mol CO2. Mt khc, trung ha a mol Y cn va 2a mol NaOH. Cng thc cu to ca Y l: A. HOOC 2 CH COOH. B. CH3 COOH. C. HOOC COOH. D. CH3 2 CH COOH. Cu 114. Cho 5,76 gam axit hu c X n chc, mch h tc dng ht vi CaCO3 thu c 7,28 gam. mui ca axit hu c. Cng thc cu to thu gn ca X l. A. CH2=CH-COOH. B. HCC-COOH. C. CH3-CH2-COOH. D. CH3COOH.