Nguyn Vn Sn

Cng ty TNHH H Sinh Hc

THIT B LM SCH DU V B LC DU NC LA CANH.

Theo nh s di cho thy, cc hot ng ca thit b ng c tu thy lun c kh nng to ra du ln vo nc r r trong lacanh bung my. Nc la canh ny khng c php bm thng ra bin m phi c x l theo ng Cng c quc t MARPOL 73/78. Trong s ny ta thy trong qu trnh t hp my lc du ly tm (9) v b hm (8) ly du t kt lng (Settling Tank) lm sch ri a ti kt dng hng ngy (Service Tank) cho ng c th lun c mt lng du bn v tp cht, nc c tch a ra cc kt cha du bn (Sludge Tank). Lng du ny c lc li ln na khi i qua t hp my lc ly tm (19) v b hm (8) v kt du ti sinh (Recover Tank) cn phn cn, nc cho thi xung kt lacanh (Bilge Water Tank). V cn c kh nng ln du t nhiu ngun khc na nn nc la canh ny phi c x l tip ti my lc nc la canh (Oily Water Saperator) v ch cho php nc sau khi lc t tiu chun hm lng du trong bng hoc di 15 ppm (phn triu) th mi c thi qua mn.

hiu r v phn bit hai thit b lc: My lc ly tm v my lc nc la canh, chng ti gii thiu tm tt nguyn l hot ng ca chng trong ni dung di y. 1. MY LC PHN LY LY TM LM SCH DU: C hai hnh thc lc thng dng l lc hai pha (clarifier)v lc ba pha (purifier).
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Cng ty TNHH H Sinh Hc

Qua hnh nh di y, ta c th thy r nguyn l lm vic ca my lc purifier. Vi my lc, iu quan trng cn ghi nh l mt trung ho (mt phn cch gia pha du v pha nng -nc chng hn) phi nm pha ngoi chng a. V tr ca mt trung ho c iu chnh qua vnh iu chnh (hoc cn gi l vnh trng lc gravity disk). c c v tr chnh xc ca mt trung ho, phi lp chnh xc vnh iu chnh c kch c ng vo my lc. Vi loi du c t trng ln hn, lc ti u bng mi vnh iu chnh ngy cng tr nn kh khn. Cc yu t nh hng ti v tr mt trung ho l lm thay i t trng, nht, sn lng lc v nhit . Vi vic tng t trng, v tr b mt trung ho tr nn nhy cm thm nhiu vi cc yu t ny. iu ny d dn ti tnh trng mt trung ho khng v tr ng. -Nu mt trung ho chuyn dch qu xa tm gy mt lp nc m. iu c ngha l du s thot ra ng nc gy tn tht, nhim. -Nu mt trung ho ko gn qu vo trong tm, nc ng phn trn ca chng a, v cc knh thot phn di s b qu ti. Kt qu l hiu qu phn ly km. Do , khi v tr mt trung ho tr nn nhy cm vi nhiu lon ny, vnh iu chnh nn chn c sn lng thp i gii quyt vn . S dao ng v nhit c hu ngay c khi c h thng iu chnh nhit cng lm dao ng v nht. Tuy nhin b iu chnh t l tch phn Mt trung ho chnh xc (PI) s gim ng k ngun gy nhiu lon ny v lm n nh v tr mt trung ho. S dng my lc purifier b gii hn bi vic dng vnh iu chnh: -n hn ch s dng nhin liu (Max t trng l 0.991 ti 150C). -lc ti u ph thuc vnh iu chnh chnh xc, tng ng vi t trng, nht, sn lng, nhit d liu trc. - bo m tho mn lm sch cn ni tip hai my lc. iu ny to ra h thng lc mt my purifier tip theo mt clarifier. Cc gii hn thng thng i vi my lc clarifier V tr mt trung ho sai Mt du v kh nng tch nc hn ch l cc vn c bn m khi x l du bt k t trng no my lc Clarifier. My lc
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Cng ty TNHH H Sinh Hc

Clarifier khng c hot ng c lp m thng phi c mt my lc purifier t trc. Tn tht du Khi my lc hot ng ch clarifier khng c nc p thm vo trc khi x cn. Do , khng ch cn bn v nc tch ly c x ra m c c mt lng du cng b y ra ngoi. Kh nng tch nc b hn ch. c hiu sut lc ti u nc khng c len vo chng a. Nc c tch ra c th ch c y ra cng cn bn qua ca x ti chu vi vnh trng v li dnh cho nc thot ra pha trn b ng loi my lc ch clarifier. Cng ngh mi: My lc p dng cng ngh mi lm vic nh my lc ch Clarifier. ng du sch c b cm bin hm lng nc (MT50) da trn nguyn l lm vic ca b bin i pht hin s khc nhau gia hng s in mi ca nc v du. Nu pht hin hm lng nc ny vt qu gi tr t cho trc vi lch cc i cho php l 0.2%, tn hiu ny s gi ti trung tm iu khin in t EPC 50 tin hnh x t ng nc tch ly trong trng. Ty thuc vo lng nc trong du, nc c x hoc thng qua van x hoc qua vic x cn l x b tr quanh chu vi trng.

My lc Clarifier.

Khi x cn thng qua l x, thng c 3 bc hon thnh qu trnh. Sau y l tm tt 3 bc x cn c minh ho bng hnh nh.

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Cng ty TNHH H Sinh Hc

Bc 1: My lc ang tin hnh lc bnh thng; phn trt pha di trng ng kn khng cho cht lng bn trong thot ra l x trn thn trng.

Bc 2: Trong khi tin hnh x cn, ra mp trn ca phn trt pha di trng lc b trt xung m ca cho thot cht bn, nc ra ngoi trong khi trng lc vn ang quay.

Bc 3: Sau khi x cn, phn trt pha di ca trng nh nhng tr li v tr ca n, ng cc ca x li. Vic ng ny thc hin bng thy lc.

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Cng ty TNHH H Sinh Hc

B LC NC LA CANH (OILY-WATER SEPARATOR)

Nguyn tc: b lm sch nc la canh hai cp Cc pha (nc, du, cn rn) c tch tng th nht (MPS). iu ny cho php tng th hai cc git du cc nh (<1 micromet) c loi b hng ra (nh tng/phn tn). Tng th nht: tch a pha (MPS) Nc la canh c bm qua b mt MPS. Nc la canh gia tc v xoy kh n qua li vo b mt, to ra cc git du nh kt t thnh cc git ln v sau bm vo b mt bi lc kt dnh. Cc git du ln ny qua cc ng i ln vm du u tin. Tt c cc thnh phn rn v cht nng hn trt xung b mt vo kt cha cn. Tng th 2: B phn ph nh tng c hc (MESB). Sau nc c bm qua phn li t trong ra pha ngoi to s tch ht du mn. Ht du mn (<0.5 micromet) kt t trong m si cc nh to ra cc git ln v c cp vo vm du th hai. S phn tch lp ny cho kh nng cung cp thit b hot ng an ton vi gi c phi chng. Ghi ch s h thng 1-Bm trc vt: lm nhim v chuyn nc la canh ti my lc nc la canh 2-Li lc: gi cc tp cht bn trc khi cho vo my lc 3-B hm sy in: hm nng du trnh ng nght du nng khi thit b khng hot ng. 4-B lc a pha (cp th nht): tch du khi nc la canh dng b mt v trng lc 5-Vm du: gp du c tch ra t nc la canh
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Cng ty TNHH H Sinh Hc

6-Du x ra: t ng x du gp trong vm a v kt du tha 7-Cc o mc: o mc du trong vm ti hai mc: m ng du x v kh tch gp c. 8-Van an ton: t ng x p sut trong thit b nu p sut cao hn 3.8 bar 9-Van in t dnh cho ng qut vng: cho php i tt nc vo bm trnh cho bm chy kh. 10-B ph nh tng c hc( tng 2): tch nh tng mn bng cch dng m si cc nh kt t git du mn thnh mng t 11-R le p sut: t ng ngt in khi chnh p vt qu 1.5 bar v ch th trn ca bin iu khin khi li lc yu cu thay. 12-Van mt chiu c l xo: hng nc sch qua mn. L xo t ti 0.7 bar li ra. 13-ng x cn: x cn gp c v cc thnh phn ht lun v kt bn 14-Ca bin iu khin: iu khin t ng chc nng b lc la canh v khi ng bm 15-Kim tra du trong nc: lin tc o hm lng du trn ng nc sch ra khi b lc. 16-Van ba ng: x nc sch ra mn v ti tun hon nc du v kt la canh khi m hm lng ca nc vt qu gii hn 15ppm 17-Van iu khin cng: cho php kim tra bng tay my lc nc la canh trong khi tu cng.

Hnh nh bn ngoi ca b lc nc la canh hai tng c b tr nm ngang v b tr thng ng.

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Cng ty TNHH H Sinh Hc

S h thng lc nc la canh

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Cng ty TNHH H Sinh Hc

Dau t KET LANG qua BO LOC c BM chuyen qua BO SAY e at nhiet o loc mong muon ( thng nam trong khoang 75 85 C c goi la vung nhiet o toi u e loc dau ). Dau khi at nhiet o se c cap vao pha tren cua may loc vao trong may. e giup qua trnh loc at hieu qua va tranh lam dau theo ng nc thoat ra xuong KET CHA CAN, ngi ta phai cap mot lp nc vao trong trong va vi tac dung cua lc ly tam, mot lp nc em bao kn quanh trong hnh thanh. Lp nc em phai luon c duy tr trong suot qua trnh loc dau. Neu trong dau co lan nc hoac cac thanh phan can ran co ty trong ln hn dau ang x ly se vt qua ranh gii gia dau va nc va tap trung ra pha chu vi pha ngoai cua trong. Nc c tach ra se thoat theo ng xa nc qua hong nc c quy nh bi mot thiet b ten la vanh ieu chnh. Vanh ieu chnh la chi tiet rat quan trong trong may phan ly thong thng, gia tr cua no c chon ln hay nho phu thuoc vao ty trong cua dau a vao x ly, ty trong dau ln, ng knh vanh ieu chnh cang phai nho. Vanh ieu chnh, nhiet o ham xay, toc o cua trong va san lng loc anh hng rat ln ti chat lng loc cua may. Viec xac nh cac thong so nay phai tuan theo cac ch dan ky thuat chuyen mon va thng co mot lu y la neu san lng nho, chat lng loc se cao.

Dau sach sau khi loc se c ay ve KET THNG TRC (ng am tren hnh ve).

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Cng ty TNHH H Sinh Hc

ieu chnh nhiet o loc , san lng loc se c thc hien qua cac van t ong hoac ieu chnh bang tay tren hnh 5.1

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