CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

BI TP V ANKEN
Cu 1: Anken X c cng thc cu to: CH3CH2C(CH3)=CHCH3. Tn ca X l
A. isohexan.
B. 3-metylpent-3-en.
C. 3-metylpent-2-en. D. 2-etylbut-2-en.
Cch c tn anken SGK 11 nc 156 Tn v tr Tn nhnh tn mch chnh s v tr - en
nh s th t gn ni i nht.
5
4
3
2
1
CH3 CH2 C(CH3) = CH CH3.
=> 3 metylpentan 2 en Ni i 2 , mch nhnh 3 ; mch chnh 5C pentan
Cu 2: S ng phn ca C4H8 l
A. 7.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 5.
Ch ng phn hnh hc Xem li file vit p + cng thc + Cch xc nh p hnh hc Chuyn 1
C4H8 c k = 1 => 1 pi hoc 1 vng => ng phn dng anken hoc xicloankan
Xt p anken Ch p hnh hc
CH2 = CH CH2 CH3 ko c phh =>1 ;
CH3 CH = CH CH3 c p hh =>2
CH2 =C(CH3) CH3 ko phh =>1
Xicloankan : Vng 3 cnh CH3 Tam gic CH3 => 1
Vng 4 cnh => 1 => Tng cng c 6 => C
Mnh vit tt 3 cnh v 4 cnh hiu l tam gic v hnh vung
Cu 3: Hp cht C5H10 mch h c bao nhiu ng phn cu to ?
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 10.
C5H10 c k =1 + mch h => anken ; ng phn cu to => Khng tnh ng phn hnh hc. Xem file xc nh
ng phn i thi hay b la
CH2 = CH CH2 CH2 CH3 ; CH3 CH =CH CH2 CH3 ; CH2=CH CH(CH3) CH3
CH2 =C(CH3) CH2 CH3 CH3 C(CH3)=CH CH3
=> Tng c 5 => B
Cu 4: Hp cht C5H10 c bao nhiu ng phn anken ?
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
ng phn anken => tnh c ng phn hnh hc.
Cu 3 c cht CH3 CH=CH-CH2-CH3 c p hnh hc => 6
Cu 5: Hp cht C5H10 c bao nhiu ng phn cu to ?
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 10.
ng phn cu to => Khng tnh hnh hc
C5H10 c k =1 => 1 pi Anken hoc 1 vng Xicloankan
Anken => bi 3 => c 5 p cu to
Xicloankan :

CH3

CH3

CH3
CH3
C2H5
=> 5 p xicloankan

CH3

=> 10 p cu to ca C5H10 5 anken + 5 xicloankan

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

Cu 6: Ba hirocacbon X, Y, Z l ng ng k tip, khi lng phn t ca Z bng 2 ln khi lng phn t ca X.

Cc cht X, Y, Z thuc dy ng ng
A. ankin.
B. ankan.
C. ankaien.
D. anken.
MZ = 2MX + X , Y , Z ng ng k tip => X , Y , Z l anken
C th X l C2H4 v Z l C4H8
Cu 7: Anken X c c im: Trong phn t c 8 lin kt xch ma. CTPT ca X l
A. C2H4.
B. C4H8.
C. C3H6.
D. C5H10.
Anken => c 1 lin kt pi
Mo lin kt xch ma = s C + s H 1 i vi mch h - khng i vi mch vng ;
Lin kt xch ma = s lin kt to gia C v H + s lin kt to gia C v C
= S H + s C 1
C3H6 c s lin kt xch ma = 3 + 6 1 = 8 lin kt xch ma => C tha mn
Cu 8: Vitamin A cng thc phn t C20H30O, co cha 1 vong 6 canh va khng co cha lin kt ba. S lin kt i
trong phn t vitamin A la
A. 7.
B. 6.
C. 5.
D. 4.
ADCT tnh s pi + vng = (2.20 -30 +2)/2 = 6
A cha 1 vng => s pi = 6 1 =5 pi hay 5 lin kt i V khng cha lin kt 3 => C
Cu 9: Licopen, cng thc phn t C40H56 la cht mau o trong qua ca chua, chi cha lin kt i va lin kt n trong
phn t. Hiro hoa hoan toan licopen c hirocacbon C40H82. Vy licopen co
A. 1 vong; 12 ni i.
B. 1 vong; 5 ni i.
C. 4 vong; 5 ni i.
D. mach h; 13 ni i.
C40H56 c tng s pi + vng = (2.40 56 + 2)/2 = 13 => Loi B v C.
C40H56 ch cha lin kt i v lin kt n => loi trng hp vng ny mnh ko chc
Hoc hidro ha hon ton to ra C40H82 ankan => C40H56 nu ng th c 1 vng 3 cnh cn li 12 i th mnh
ngh vn ng . => D th chc chn hn , cn A c trng hp c bit 1 vng 3 cnh + 12 i th ng
=>
D
Cu 10: Cho cc cht sau: 2-metylbut-1-en (1); 3,3-imetylbut-1-en (2); 3-metylpent-1-en (3);
3-metylpent-2-en (4); Nhng cht no l ng phn ca nhau ?
A. (3) v (4).
B. (1), (2) v (3).
C. (1) v (2).
D. (2), (3) v (4).
ng phn => Cng CTPT: (1) C5H10 ; 2 ,3 ,4 u l C6H10 => 2,3,4 cng l ng phn.
Cu 11: Hp cht no sau y c ng phn hnh hc ?
A. 2-metylbut-2-en.
B. 2-clo-but-1-en.
C. 2,3- iclobut-2-en. D. 2,3- imetylpent-2-en.
K c p hh :R1#R2 v R3#R4 1
2
3
4
A loi v R1 v R2 u l CH3 : CH3 C(CH3) = CH CH3
1
2
3
4
B loi v - 1-en => R1 v R2 u l H : CH2 = C(Cl) CH2 CH3
1
2
3
4
C ng v tha mn k :
CH3 C(Cl) =C(Cl) CH3 R1 # R2 v R3#R4 ; CH3 #Cl =>C
1
2
3
4
5
D sai v R1 ging R2 CH3:
CH3 C(CH3) = C(CH3) CH2 CH3
Cu 12: Nhng hp cht no sau y c ng phn hnh hc (cis-trans) ?
CH3CH=CH2 (I); CH3CH=CHCl (II); CH3CH=C(CH3)2 (III); C2H5C(CH3)=C(CH3)C2H5 (IV); C2H5C(CH3)=CCl
CH3 (V).
A. (I), (IV), (V).
B. (II), (IV), (V).
C. (III), (IV).
D. (II), III, (IV), (V).
Thy ngay I v III u loi v R3 ging R4 => A , C , D loi => B da vo k R1#R2 v R3#R4
Dng bi ny loi p n nhanh hn l i tm ng.
Cu 13: Cho cc cht sau: CH2=CHCH2CH2CH=CH2; CH2=CHCH=CHCH2CH3;
CH3C(CH3)=CHCH2; CH2=CHCH2CH=CH2; CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH3; CH3C(CH3)=CHCH2CH3;
CH3CH2C(CH3)=C(C2H5)CH(CH3)2; CH3CH=CHCH3.
S cht c ng phn hnh hc l:
A. 4.
B. 1.
C. 2.
D. 3.
CH2=CHCH2CH2CH=CH2 ko c v dng R CH2=CH2
CH2=CHCH=CHCH2CH3 c p hh ni i th 2. => 1
CH3C(CH3)=CHCH2 ko c v R1v R2 l CH3
CH2=CHCH2CH=CH2 ko c ging cht 1

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

CH3CH2CH=CHCH2CH3 c p hh => 1
CH3C(CH3)=CHCH2CH3 khng c v R1 v R2 l CH3
CH3CH2C(CH3)=C(C2H5)CH(CH3)2 c R1 # R2 hay C2H5 # CH3 ; R3#R4 hay C2H5 # C3H7 => 1
CH3CH=CHCH3 c => 1
=> Tng c 4 cht.
Cu 14: p dng quy tc Maccopnhicop vo trng hp no sau y ?
A. Phn ng cng ca Br2 vi anken i xng.
C. Phn ng cng ca HX vo anken i xng.
B. Phn ng trng hp ca anken.
D. Phn ng cng ca HX vo anken bt i xng.
SGK 11nc 162 => D To ra 2 sn phm ; chnh v ph
C sai v anken i xng nh CH2 = CH2 ch to ra 1 sn phm hoc CH3 CH=CH CH3 i xng nhau qua lin
kt i
Cu 15: Khi cho but-1-en tc dng vi dung dch HBr, theo qui tc Maccopnhicop sn phm no sau y l sn phm
chnh ?
A. CH3-CH2-CHBr-CH2Br.
C. CH3-CH2-CHBr-CH3.
B. CH2Br-CH2-CH2-CH2Br .
D. CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2Br.
SGK 11nc 162 => sn phm chnh Halogen vo C t H cn H vo C nhiu H
Hoc halogen vo C bc cao nht v H vo C cn li
Bc
2
3 1
1
But 1 en : CH2 = CH CH2 CH3 + HBr => CH3 CHBr CH2 CH3 => C
Cu 16: Anken C4H8 c bao nhiu ng phn khi tc dng vi dung dch HCl ch cho mt sn phm hu c duy nht ?
A. 2.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 4.
P to anken + HCl to ra 1 sn phm duy nht => Anken i xng
CH3 CH =CH CH3 => c p hnh hc => 2 => D
Cu 17: Cho cc cht: xiclobutan, 2-metylpropen, but-1-en, cis-but-2-en, 2-metylbut-2-en. Dy gm cc cht sau khi
phn ng vi H2 (d, xc tc Ni, to), cho cng mt sn phm l:
A. xiclobutan, cis-but-2-en v but-1-en. B. but-1-en, 2-metylpropen v cis-but-2-en.
C. xiclobutan, 2-metylbut-2-en v but-1-en.
D. 2-metylpropen, cis -but-2-en v xiclobutan.
Cu 18: Cho hn hp tt c cc ng phn mch h ca C4H8 tc dng vi H2O (H+,to) thu c ti a bao nhiu sn
phm cng ?
A. 2.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 5
P vi H2O => OH vo C bc cao v H vo C cn li C=C
AD Cu 2 => CH2 = CH CH2 CH3
=> sp OH-CH2 CH2 CH2 CH3 hoc CH3 CH(OH)-CH2 CH3
CH3 CH = CH CH3 => sp : CH3 CH(OH) CH2 CH3
CH2 =C(CH3) CH3 => sp : CH3 (OH)C(CH3) CH3 hoc OH CH2 CH(CH3) CH3
Gp 3 trng hp => c 4 sn phm TH1 v TH2 cng CH3 CH(OH) CH2 CH3
=> B
Cu 19: C bao nhiu anken th kh (kt) m khi cho mi anken tc dng vi dung dch HCl ch cho mt sn
phm hu c duy nht ?
A. 2.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 4.
SGK 11 nc 159 => Anken th kh t C2 ti C4
Vi C2H4 => to ra 1 cht anken i xng
C3H6 => C = C C => to ra 2 sn phm anken bt i xng
C4H6 => C - C = C C => mi ng phn hnh hc to ra 1 sn phm => 2 cht
tng l 3 : C2H4 ; cis C4H6 ; trans C4H6 => C mnh Khng dm khng nh cis v trans
Cu ny khng chc p n.
Cu 20: Hirat ha 2 anken ch to thnh 2 ancol (ru). Hai anken l
A. 2-metylpropen v but-1-en (hoc buten-1).
B. propen v but-2-en (hoc buten-2).
C. eten v but-2-en (hoc buten-2).
D. eten v but-1-en (hoc buten-1).
2anken to thnh 2 ancol => mi anken to thnh 1 ancol => anken i xng.
A,D loi v cha but 1 en : C = C C C to ra 2 ancol => cht cn li = 1 => 3 ancol
B loi v Propen to ra 2 ancol + but - 2 en to ra 1 ancol (i xng )
C. Eten v but 2 en u mch i xng => mi cht to ra 1 ancol duy nht => C
Cu 21: Anken thch hp iu ch ancol sau y (CH3 CH2)3C-OH l

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

A. 3-etylpent-2-en.
B. 3-etylpent-3-en.
C. 3-etylpent-1-en.D. 3,3- imetylpent-1-en.
(CH3 CH2)3C-OH ; CH3 CH2 (CH3CH2)C(OH) CH2 CH3
1
2
3 4
5
=> anken iu ch : CH3 CH2 = (CH3CH2)C CH2 CH3
Ni i v tr 2 ; etyl v tr 3 ; mch chnh c 5 C => pent => A .3 etylpent 2 en =>A
Xem li cch vit danh php anken
Cu 22: Hirat ha hn hp X gm 2 anken thu c ch thu c 2 ancol. X gm
A. CH2=CH2 v CH2=CHCH3.
B. CH2=CH2 v CH3CH=CHCH3.
C. B hoc D.
D. CH3CH=CHCH3 v CH2=CHCH2CH3.
Cu ny t B hoc D => Chn B hoc D cng c m B chc chn ng ri Bi 20
C bao qut => Cu ny p n khng hp l
D khng tha mn
Sa p n . C . B v D
B ng
Cu 23: S cp ng phn cu to anken th kh (kt) tho mn iu kin: Khi hirat ho to thnh hn hp gm ba
ancol l
A. 6.
B. 3.
C. 5.
D. 4.
Anken th kh => C2 ti C4 SGK 11 nc 159
Hidrat ha l p anken + H2O => Ru SGK 11 nc 161
Cu 24: S cp ng phn anken th kh (kt) tho mn iu kin: Khi hirat ho to thnh hn hp gm ba ancol
l:
A. 6.
B. 7.
C. 5.
D. 8.
Cu 25: Hp cht X c CTPT C3H6, X tc dng vi dung dch HBr thu c mt sn phm hu c duy nht. Vy X
l:
A. propen.
B. propan.
C. isopropen.
D. xicloropan.
C3H6 => k = 1 => 1pi hoc 1 vng => loi B . Khng c p n C . i vi Cht c 3C khng c iso.
=> A v D . M A to ra 2 sn phm => D ng Hoc thy ngay p SGK bi xicloankan
Cu 26: Hai cht X, Y c CTPT C3H6 v C4H8 v u tc dng c vi nc brom. X, Y l
A. Hai anken hoc xicloankan vng 3 cnh.
C. Hai anken hoc xicloankan vng 4 cnh.
B. Hai anken hoc hai ankan.
D. Hai anken ng ng ca nhau.
Anken lun p vi dd Br2. Xicloankan c vng 3 cnh lun p vi dd Br2 => A
B sai v ankan ; C sai v vng 4 cnh ko p vi dd Br2 ; D thiu trng hp Xicloankan
Cu 27: C hai ng nghim, mi ng cha 1 ml dung dch brom trong nc c mu vng nht. Thm vo ng th nht
1 ml hexan v ng th hai 1 ml hex-1-en. Lc u c hai ng nghim, sau yn hai ng nghim trong vi pht.
Hin tng quan st c l:
A. C s tch lp cc cht lng c hai ng nghim.
B. Mu vng nht vn khng i ng nghim th nht
C. ng nghim th hai c hai lp cht lng u khng mu.
D. A, B, C u ng.
Cu 28: Trng hp eten, sn phm thu c c cu to l:
A. (-CH2=CH2-)n .
B. (-CH2-CH2-)n .
C. (-CH=CH-)n. D. (-CH3-CH3-)n .
Eten : C2H4 => trng hp => (-CH2-CH2-)n => B P SGK 11 nc 162
Cu 29: Oxi ho etilen bng dung dch KMnO4 thu c sn phm l:
A. MnO2, C2H4(OH)2, KOH.
C. K2CO3, H2O, MnO2.
B. C2H5OH, MnO2, KOH.
D. C2H4(OH)2, K2CO3, MnO2.
P SGK 11 nc 162 :
3C2H4 + 2KMnO4 + 4H2O => 3C2H4(OH)2 etylenglicol + 2MnO2 + 2KOH => A
Cu 30: X la h n h p g m 2 hirocacbon. t cha y X c nCO2 = nH2O. X co th g m
A. 1xicloankan + anken.B. 1ankan + 1ankin.
C. 2 anken.
D. A hoc B hoc C.
X c th : A ng v c 2 cht u c k = 1 ;
B c th : v nu nankan = nankin
C ng v k = 1
=> D
Nu phn vn B cha bit th ta thy A v C ng => D ng
Cu 31: iu ch etilen trong phng th nghim t C 2H5OH, (H2SO4 c, 170oC) thng ln cc oxit nh SO2, CO2.
Cht dng lm sch etilen l:

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

A. dd brom d.
B. dd NaOH d.
C. dd Na2CO3 d.D. dd KMnO4 long d.
Lm sch etilen tc l lm mt i SO2 v CO2 trong kh etilen.
Xt A dd Br2 d => Etilen v SO2 u lm mt mu => khng th loi c
B ng v ch c SO2 v CO2 p => cn li etilen => B
SO2 + NaOH d => Na2SO3 + H2O ; CO2 + NaOH d => Na2CO3 + H2O
C sai v khng cht no p
D sai v Etilen v SO2 u p.
Cu 32: Sn phm chnh ca s ehirat ha 2-metylbutan-2-ol l cht no ?
A. 3-Metylbut-1-en.
B. 2-Metylbut-1en.
C. 3-Metylbut-2-en.
D. 2-Metylbut-2-en.
ehidrat ha tc l p tch nhm H2O t ancol to thnh anken SGK 11 nc 227
Quy tc Zaixep OH tch cng vi H bc cao bn cnh sn phm chnh
Sn phm ph ngc li cng H bc thp bn cnh
I
II
2 metylbutan 2 ol : CH3 (CH3)C (OH) CH2 CH3 => tch cng H bc II
1
2
3
4
=> CH3 C(CH3)=CH CH3 => 2 metylbut 2 en => D
Cu 33: Khi tch nc t ru (ancol) 3-metylbutanol-1 (hay 3-metylbutan-1-ol), sn phm chnh
thu c l:
A. 2-metylbuten-3 (hay 2-metylbut-3-en).
B. 3-metylbuten-2 (hay 3-metylbut-2-en).
C. 3-metylbuten-1 (hay 3-metylbut-1-en).
D. 2-metylbuten-2 (hay 2-metylbut-2-en).
1
2
3
4
AD 32 : 3-metylbutan-1-ol : OH CH2 CH2 CH(CH3) CH3
1
2
3
4
=> CH2=CH2 CH(CH3) CH3 => 3 metyl but 1 en => C
Cu 34: Hp cht 2-metylbut-2-en l sn phm chnh ca phn ng tch t cht no ?
A. 2-brom-2-metylbutan.B. 2-metylbutan -2- ol. C. 3-metylbutan-2- ol.D. Tt c u ng.
2 metylbut 2 en : CH3 - C(CH3) = CH CH3
A. 2-brom-2-metylbutan P tch HX SGK 11 nc 214
Quy tc Zai Xp ; Nguyn t halogen X u tin tch cng vi H C bc cao bn cnh
Bc: I
II
CH3 (Br)C(CH3) CH2 CH3 => tch cng C bc II => CH3 C(CH3) = CH CH3
Tha mn P vi kim KOH c xc tc C2H5OH , nhit
B. 2-metylbutan -2- ol. AD bi 32
I
II
CH3 (OH)C(CH3) CH2 CH3 => Tch cng C bc 2
CH3 C(CH3)=CH CH3 Tha mn
A, B ng => D
I
III
Xt C. 3 metylbutan 2 ol ; CH3 CH(OH) CH(CH3) CH3 => tch cng C bc 3
=> CH3 CH=C(CH3) CH3 Tha mn Ngc li
Cu 35: Khi lng etilen thu c khi un nng 230 gam ru etylic vi H2SO4 m c, hiu sut phn ng t
40% l:
A. 56 gam.
B. 84 gam.
C. 196 gam.
D. 350 gam.
Phn ng tch H2O SGK 11 nc 227
Ru etylic C2H5OH => C2H5OH => C2H4 etilen + H2O
5 mol
=> 5 mol
=> mC2H4 theo PT = 140g .
CT tnh H% ;
H% p = mPT . 100% / mTT ; H%Sp = mTT.100% / mPT
mPT l m phng trnh Tnh theo PT ; mTT l m thc t thu c hoc ban u
sp l sn phm ; p l phn ng
C th thay khi lng bng th tch hay s mol - mPT v mTT ca cng mt cht
C2H4 l sn phm => H%sp = mTT.100% / mPT 40% = mTT.100% / 140
mTT = 140.40/100 = 56g => A mC2H4 thc t thu c

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

Cu 36: Cho 3,36 lt hn hp etan v etilen (ktc) i chm qua qua dung dch brom d. Sau phn ng khi lng bnh
brom tng thm 2,8 gam. S mol etan v etilen trong hn hp ln lt l:
A. 0,05 v 0,1.
B. 0,1 v 0,05.
C. 0,12 v 0,03. D. 0,03 v 0,12.
C lin kt pi => c phn ng cng Br2 => EtilenC2H4 p vi Br2 cn etanC2H6 khng p.
SGK 11 nc 160 ; anken p cng Br2
Tng qut : X + kBr2 => XBr2k X l cht hu c mch h c k 1 k = 0 l ankan ko c p cng
P cng xut pht t lin kt pi
Tng qut vi k = 1 => CnH2nOz ; k =2 => CnH2n-2Oz k=1 c gc hidrocacbon ging Anken; k = 2 c gc
hidrocabon ging Ankin
VD: C2H4 + Br2 => C2H4Br2 V C2H4 c k = pi
C3H6O2 + Br2 => C3H6O2Br2 v C3H6O2 c k = 1
C5H8 + 2Br2 => C5H8Br4 V c k =2
Cng Br2 nh cng X2 , H2 ; X l halogen
m bnh tng = mAnken cho vo V anken b hp th - BT khi lng
=> mC2H4 = 2,8 g => nC2H4 = 0,1 mol => nC2H6Etan = nhh nC2H4 = 0,15 0,1 = 0,05 => A
Cu 37: 2,8 gam anken A lam mt mau va u dung dich cha 8 gam Br2. Hirat hoa A chi thu c mt ancol duy
nht. A co tn la:
A. etilen.
B. but - 2-en.
C. hex- 2-en.
D. 2,3-dimetylbut-2-en.
Hidrat ha A p anken + H2O => ancol => thu c 1 sn phm => Mch i xng
Cc p n A,B,D i xng
A. CH2 = CH2 ; B . CH3 CH=CH-CH3 ; C. CH3-CH=CH-CH2-CH3 Ko i xng
D. CH3 C(CH3) =C(CH3)-CH3
A , B , C , D u l anken ui en => nAnken = nBr2 = 0,05 mol
=> M anken = 2,8 / 0,05 = 56 = 14n n = 4 CnH2n => C4H8 => B Ch c B c 4C
Cu 38: 0,05 mol hirocacbon X lam mt mau va u dung dich cha 8 gam brom cho ra san phm co ham lng
brom at 69,56%. Cng thc phn t cua X la:
A. C3H6.
B. C4H8.
C. C5H10.
D. C5H8.
Ta c nX = nBr2 = 1 =k => Hidrocabon c CT : CnH2n Bi 36
P : CnH2n + Br2 => CnH2nBr2
%Br = 160.100% / (14n+160) = 69,56% n = 5 Cch bm nh chuyn 1 ; ly 160.100%/69,56 - 160 sau ly
kt qu chia 14 => n = 5 => C5H10 =>C
Cu 39: Dn t t 8,4 gam hn hp X gm but-1-en v but-2-en li chm qua bnh ng dung dch Br 2, khi kt thc
phn ng thy c m gam brom phn ng. m c gi tr l:
A. 12 gam.
B. 24 gam.
C. 36 gam.
D. 48 gam.
But 1 en ; But 2 en l ng phn ca C4H8
=> n hn hp = 8,4 / 56 = 0,15 mol = nBr2 V k =1 :anken => mBr2 p = 24g => B
Cu 40: Dn 3,36 lt (ktc) hn hp X gm 2 anken l ng ng k tip vo bnh nc brom d, thy khi lng
bnh tng thm 7,7 gam. Thnh phn phn % v th tch ca hai anken l:
A. 25% v 75%.
B. 33,33% v 66,67%. C. 40% v 60%.
D. 35% v 65%.
Anken p vi Br2 => m bnh tng = mAnken p = 7,7 g V anken p vi dd Br2
mhh 7,7
=
= 51,33 = 14n <=> n = 3,67 => n=3 v n = 4 2 anken kt tip
Gi CT ca hn hp : CnH2n => M =
nhh 0,15
nhau
Xem li cch xc nh % th tch nhanh Bi 47 chuyn 2 hoc trong file pp gii nhanh ha hu c
%C4H8 = 67% Hay 66,67 mnh lm trn % C ln = s sau du ,
=> % C3H6 = 100 % - %S ln = 33,33 % => B
Cu 41: Hn hp X gm 2 anken l ng ng lin tip c th tch 4,48 lt ( ktc). Nu cho hn hp X i qua bnh
ng nc brom d, khi lng bnh tng ln 9,8 gam. % th tch ca mt trong 2 anken l:
A. 50%.
B. 40%.
C. 70%.
D. 80%.
Tng t Bi 40 => n = 3,5 => %C4H8 = 50% => %C3H6 = 50% => A
Cu 42: Dn 3,36 lt (ktc) hn hp X gm 2 anken l ng ng k tip vo bnh nc brom d, thy khi lng
bnh tng thm 7,7 gam. CTPT ca 2 anken l:
A. C2H4 v C3H6. B. C3H6 v C4H8.
C. C4H8 v C5H10.
D. C5H10 v C6H12.
Tng t bi 40 => n = 3,67 => n = 3 (C3H6) v n = 4 (C4H8) => B v lin tip

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

Cu 43: Mt hn hp X c th tch 11,2 lt (ktc), X gm 2 anken ng ng k tip nhau. Khi cho X qua nc Br 2 d
thy khi lng bnh Br2 tng 15,4 gam. Xc nh CTPT v s mol mi anken trong hn hp X.
A. 0,2 mol C2H4 v 0,3 mol C3H6.
B. 0,2 mol C3H6 v 0,2 mol C4H8.
C. 0,4 mol C2H4 v 0,1 mol C3H6.
D. 0,3 mol C2H4 v 0,2 mol C3H6.
Tng t bi 40 => n = 2,2 => n = 2C2H4 v n =3 C3H6 2 anken lin tip
Xem li bi 47 chuyn 2 . Tm t l s mol 2 cht lin tip t n
0,2nC2H4 = 0,8nC3H6 nC2H4 = 4nC3H6 => chn nC3H6 = x mol => nC2H4 = 4xmol
M nC2H4 + nC3H6 = 0,5 mol => x = 0,1 => nC2H4 = 0,4 ; nC3H6 = 0,1 => C
Cu 44: Mt hn hp X gm ankan A v anken B, A c nhiu hn B mt nguyn t cacbon, A v B u th kh (
ktc). Khi cho 6,72 lt kh X (ktc) i qua nc brom d, khi lng bnh brom tng ln 2,8 gam; th tch kh cn li
ch bng 2/3 th tch hn hp X ban u. CTPT ca A, B v khi lng ca hn hp X l:
A. C4H10, C3H6 ; 5,8 gam.
B. C3H8, C2H4 ; 5,8 gam.
C. C4H10, C3H6 ; 12,8 gam.
D. C3H8, C2H4 ; 11,6 gam.
Ch c anken p vi Br2 => Th tch cn li = 2/3 th tch hh ban u = V ankan
V ankan = 2.6,72/3 = 4,48 lt => nankan = 0,2 mol => nAnken = nhhX nAnkan = 0,3 0,2 = 0,1 mol
m bnh tng = mAnken = 2,8 g => Manken = 28 =14n => n =2 => C2H4 B
A l C3H8 V A c C ln hn B 1 C v A c dng CnH2n+2
M hn hp X = mC3H8 + mC2H4 = 0,2.44 + 0,1.28 = 11,6 g => D
Cu 45: Mt hn hp X gm ankan A v mt anken B c cng s nguyn t C v u th kh ktc. Cho hn hp
X i qua nc Br2 d th th tch kh Y cn li bng na th tch X, cn khi lng Y bng 15/29 khi lng X. CTPT
A, B v thnh phn % theo th tch ca hn hp X l
A. 40% C2H6 v 60% C2H4.
B. 50% C3H8v 50% C3H6
C. 50% C4H10 v 50% C4H8.
D. 50% C2H6 v 50% C2H4
Bi 44 => Th tch Y = V ankan = VX /2 => Vankan = V anken = VX / 2 => %theo th tch = 50%
Loi A.
A v B cng s C => A c CT : CnH2n+2Ankan => CnH2n l CT Banken
Chn nAnkan = 1 mol => nAnken = 1mol
mY
mAnkan
15
14n+2
15
=
=

=
n = 2 => C2H6 vaf C2H4
=>
mhhX mAnkan+mAnken 29
14n+2 + 14n 29
Mo p n A v D cng cng thc ; p n B,C,D cng % V
=> Ly C t A hoc D ; Ly % t B,C,D => Cch ny dng cho bn khng lm c khi i thi
Cu 46 : Hn hp X gm metan v 1 olefin. Cho 10,8 lt hn hp X qua dung dch brom d thy c 1 cht kh bay ra,
t chy hon ton kh ny thu c 5,544 gam CO2. Thnh phn % v th tch metan v olefin trong hn hp X l:
A. 26,13% v 73,87%.
B. 36,5% v 63,5%.
C. 20% v 80%.
D. 73,9% v 26,1%.
Metan CH4 v Olefinanken CnH2n 1 cht kh l CH4 V anken b Br2 d hp th
nCH4 = nCO2 to ra = 0,126 mol Bt nguyn t C
VCH4 = 2,8224 => %CH4 = 2,6133 .100% / 10,8 = 26,13% => % Anken = 73,87% => A
Cu 47: Cho 8960 ml (ktc) anken X qua dung dch brom d. Sau phn ng thy khi lng bnh brom tng 22,4
gam. Bit X c ng phn hnh hc. CTCT ca X l:
A. CH2=CHCH2CH3.
B. CH3CH=CHCH3.
C. CH3CH=CHCH2CH3.
D. (CH3)2C=CH2.
X c ng phn hnh hc => Loi A v D Xem li k ng phn hnh hc
Tng t bi 40 => n = 4 => C4H8 => B v C c 5C
Cu 48: a. Cho hirocacbon X phn ng vi brom (trong dung dch) theo t l mol 1 : 1, thu c cht hu c Y (cha
74,08% Br v khi lng). Khi X phn ng vi HBr th thu c hai sn phm hu c khc nhau. Tn gi ca X l:
A. but-1-en.
B. but-2-en.
C. Propilen.
D. Xiclopropan.
p n => u c th p cng Br2 v u c 1 pi hoc 1 vng => Cng thc : CnH2n
PT : CnH2n + Br2 => CnH2nBr2 => %Br = 160.100% / (14n + 160) = 74,08 n= 4 => Loi C,D
X p vi HBr thu c 2 sn phm => X l anken khng i xng => A :CH2=CH-CH2-CH3
b. Hirocacbon X cng HCl theo ti l mol 1:1 tao san phm co ham lng clo la 55,04%. X co cng thc phn t
l:
A. C4H8.
B. C2H4.
C. C5H10.
D. C3H6.
p n => X c CT : CnH2n
P : CnH2n + HCl => CnH2n+1Cl

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

=> %Cl = 35,5.100% / (14n + 1 + 35,5) = 55,04% n = 2 => B .C2H4

Cu 49: Hn hp X gm metan v anken, cho 5,6 lt X qua dung dch brom d thy khi lng bnh brom tng 7,28
gam v c 2,688 lt kh bay ra (ktc). CTPT ca anken l:
A. C4H8.
B. C5H10.
C. C3H6.
D. C2H4
Metan CH4 v Anken CnH2n
Tng t bi 44 => V kh bay ra = nAnkan = 2,688 lt => V anken = Vhh Vankan = 5,6 2,688 = 2,912 lt =>
nAnken = 0,13 mol + mAnken = m bnh tng = 7,28 => M anken = 7,28/0,13 =14n =>n = 4 =>A
Cu 50: Dn 3,36 lt (ktc) hn hp X gm 2 anken l vo bnh nc brom d, thy khi lng bnh tng thm 7,7
gam. CTPT ca 2 anken l:
A. C2H4 v C4H8. B. C3H6 v C4H8.
C. C4H8 v C5H10.
D. A hoc B.
Tng t bi 40 => n = 3,67 => A v B ng V n = 3,67 nm gia 2 v 4 A ; 3 v 4 B
C sai v n = 3,67 < 4 ; <5 => D
Cu 51: Cho 10 lt hn hp kh (54,6oC; 0,8064 atm) gm 2 olefin li qua bnh dung dch brom d thy khi lng
bnh brom tng 16,8 gam. CTPT ca 2 anken l (Bit s C trong cc anken khng vt qu 5)
A. C2H4 v C5H10.B. C3H6 v C5H10.
C. C4H8 v C5H10.
D. A hoc B.
ADCT : nhn hp = PV/T.0,082 = (0,8064.10/((273+54,6).0,082) = 0,3 mol
16,8
=14n n = 4 => A , B tha mn V n nm gia 2 v 5 A ; 3 v 5B
=> M=
0,3
C sai v n = 4 khng nm gia 4 v 5 => D
Cu 52: Mt hirocacbon X cng hp vi axit HCl theo t l mol 1:1 to sn phm c thnh phn khi lng clo l
45,223%. Cng thc phn t ca X l:
A. C3H6.
B. C4H8.
C. C2H4.
D. C5H10.
Tng t b bi 48 => n = 3 => C3H6 => A
Cu 53: Cho hn hp X gm etilen v H2 c t khi so vi H2 bng 4,25. Dn X qua bt niken nung nng (hiu sut
phn ng 75%) thu c hn hp Y. T khi ca Y so vi H2 (cc th tch o cng iu kin) l:
A. 5,23.
B. 3,25.
C. 5,35.
D. 10,46.
Dng bi anken p vi H2 cho M hn hp trc v H% => Tm M hn hp sau
Hoc cho M trc ; M sau tm H% ; hoc H% v M sau tm M trc
Phng php mo: Lun chn nAnken = 1 mol => nH2 t M trc
Hoc Gi x, y l s mol Anken v H2 t M => t l gia x v y sau chn
Tm ra s khi lng trc p .
Bo ton khi lng => m trc = m sau
VD: bi trn etilen C2H4
Cch 1: chn 1mol C2H4 => M trc = (mC2H4 + mH2) / (nC2H4 + nH2) = 8,5 (I)
(28 + 2x) / (1+x) = 8,5 => x = 3 mol X l nH2
m trc = mC2H4 + mH2 = 28 + 3.2 = 34 g = m sau
Cch 2 : (I) (28x + 2y) / (x + y) = 8,5 3x = y => chn x = 1 => y = 3 Cch ny l ng cho
Mnh hay dng cch chn => bm my tnh
Tip theo p vo Phng trnh: gi x , y ln lt l s mol CnH2n ; H2
PT :
CnH2n +
H2
=>
CnH2n+2
Ban u:
x mol
y mol
P
x mol
=>
x mol =>
xmol
Sau p
y x mol
x mol
nSau p = nH2 d + nCnH2n+2 to thnh = y x + x = y mol Chnh bng s mol H2 - Nh
M sau = m trc / nH2 Cng thc Vi H% = 100% , Anken p ht
Nu c H% => nCnH2n p = x.H%
PT:
CnH2n + H2
=> CnH2n+2
Ban u
x mol
ymol
P
x.H% =>
x.H% mol
=> x.H% mol
Sau p
x x.H%
y x.H%
x.H%
n sau p = nCnH2n d + nH2 d + nCnH2n+2 to thnh
= (x x.H%) + y x.H% + x.H% = x + y - x.H%

M sau = m trc / (x+y x.H%)

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

M sau= M trc . n trc / (x+y x.H%) = Mtrc . (x+y)/(x+y x.H%)

Cng thc tng qut i vi H%
Cng thc p dng gii nhanh vi dng ny => ch thi c.
Nu khng ni n H% => coi nh 100%
AD bi trn => m trc = 34 g ; x = 1mol ; y = 3mol ; H% = 75%
=> M sau = 34 / (1 + 3 1.0,75) = 10,46 => T khi vi H2 = 10,46 / 2 = 5,23 => A
Cu 54: Cho H2 v 1 olefin c th tch bng nhau qua Niken un nng ta c hn hp A. Bit t khi hi ca A
i vi H2 l 23,2. Hiu sut phn ng hiro ho l 75%. Cng thc phn t olefin l
A. C2H4.
B. C3H6.
C. C4H8.
D. C5H10.
Ta c H2 v olefin Anken CnH2n c th tch bng nhau => Chn nH2 = nOlefin = 1 mol
ADCT bi trn
M sau = m trc / (x + y x.H%) vi x = y = 1 M sau = 23,2.2 = 46,4 t l vi H2 = 23,2
m trc = mAnken + mH2
=> 46,4 = (14n + 2) / (1 + 1 1.0,75) n = 4 => C
Cu 55: Hn hp kh X gm H2 v mt anken c kh nng cng HBr cho sn phm hu c duy nht. T khi ca X so
vi H2 bng 9,1. un nng X c xc tc Ni, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp kh Y khng lm
mt mu nc brom; t khi ca Y so vi H2 bng 13. Cng thc cu to ca anken l:
A. CH3CH=CHCH3.
B. CH2=CHCH2CH3.
C. CH2=C(CH3)2.
D. CH2=CH2.
Anken cng HBr to ra sp duy nht => anken i xng => Loi B v C
Y khng lm mt mu nc Brom => Anken ht => H% = 100%
AD Cng thc bi trn => M sau = Mtruoc. (x+y) / (x + y x.1)
13.2 = 9,1.2 .(x+y) / y 3,9y = 9,1x 3y = 7x => Chn x = 3 mol => y = 7 mol
(Mo chn t l i nhau 3y => chn x = 3 ; 7x => chn y = 7)
M trc = (mAnken + mH2) / (nAnken + nH2)
9,1.2 = (3.14n + 7.2) / (3+7) n = 4 => A
(Hoc c th ly t l 3,9y = 9,1x => chn x =3,9 => y = 9,1 => l => a v nguyn nh trn co d
Cu 56: Cho hn hp X gm anken v hiro c t khi so vi heli bng 3,33. Cho X i qua bt niken nung nng n
khi phn ng xy ra hon ton, thu c hn hp Y c t khi so vi heli l 4. CTPT ca X l:
A. C2H4.
B. C3H6.
C. C4H8.
D. C5H10.
T khi vi Heli He2; M =4
Tng t bi 55 => 0,67y = 3,33x 67y = 333x => chn y = 333 => x =67
M trc = (67.14n + 333.2)/(67 + 333) = 3,33.4 n ~ 5 => D :C5H10 S liu hi l
Cu 57: Hn hp kh X gm H2 v C2H4 c t khi so vi He l 3,75. Dn X qua Ni nung nng, thu c hn hp kh
Y c t khi so vi He l 5. Hiu sut ca phn ng hiro ho l:
A. 20%.
B. 25%.
C. 50%.
D. 40%.
Chn 1 mol C2H4 => M trc = (28 + 2y) / (1 + y) = 3,75.4 y = 1
ADCT : M sau = M trc . (x + y)/(x + y x.H%) Vi x = y = 1 mol M trc = 15 ; M sau = 20
=> H% = 50% => C
Cu 58: t chy hon ton a gam hn hp eten, propen, but-2-en cn dng va b lt oxi ( ktc) thu c 2,4 mol
CO2 v 2,4 mol nc. Gi tr ca b l:
A. 92,4 lt.
B. 94,2 lt.
C. 80,64 lt.
D. 24,9 lt.
BT nguyn t Oxi : 2nO2 = 2nCO2 + nH2O nO2 = 3,6 mol => V = 80,64 lt => C
Cu 59: t chy hon ton V lt (ktc) hn hp X gm CH 4, C2H4 thu c 0,15 mol CO2 v 0,2 mol H2O. Gi tr
ca V l:
A. 2,24.
B. 3,36.
C. 4,48.
D. 1,68.
BT nguyn t C , H vi x,y ln lt l s mol CH4 , C2H4
x + 2y = nCO2 ; 4x + 4y = 2nH2O x + 2y = 0,15 ; 4x + 4y = 0,4 x = y = 0,05 => nhh = x + y = 0,1 => V =
2,24 lt => A
Cu 60: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hm hp gm CH4, C4H10 v C2H4 thu c 0,14 mol CO2 v 0,23mol H2O. S
mol ca ankan v anken trong hn hp ln lt l:
A. 0,09 v 0,01.
B. 0,01 v 0,09.
C. 0,08 v 0,02. D. 0,02 v 0,08.
Hn hp gm ankan v anken => nhh ankan = nH2O nCO2 = 0,09 mol => nAnken = n hh nankan = 0,1 0,09 =
0,01 => A

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

Cu 61: Mt hn hp kh gm 1 ankan v 1 anken c cng s nguyn t C trong phn t v c cng s mol. Ly m

gam hn hp ny th lm mt mu va 80 gam dung dch 20% Br2 trong dung mi CCl4. t chy hon ton m gam
hn hp thu c 0,6 mol CO2. Ankan v anken c cng thc phn t l:
A. C2H6 v C2H4. B. C4H10 v C4H8.
C. C3H8 v C3H6.
D. C5H12 v C5H10.
mBr2 Cht tan = mdd . C% / 100% = 16 g => nAnken = nBr2 = 0,1 mol = nankan v ankan v anken cng s mol
Mt khc Ankan v anken cng C => CT : ankan : CmnH2m+2 => anken : CmH2m
BTNT C : m. nCnH2n+2 + m. nCnH2n = nCO2 m.0,1 +m.0,1 = 0,6 m = 3 => C3H8 v C3H6 => C
Cu 62: t chy hon ton 10ml hirocacbon X cn va 60 ml kh oxi, sau phn ng thu c 40 ml kh
cacbonic. Bit X lm mt mu dung dch brom v c mch cacbon phn nhnh. CTCT ca X
A. CH2=CHCH2CH3.
B. CH2=C(CH3)2.
C. CH2=C(CH2)2CH3. D. (CH3)2C=CHCH3.
X c mch C phn nhnh => Loi A .
ADCT phn chuyn i cng CT : CxHy => x = VCO2 / VX = 40/10 = 4 => B v B c 4C
Hoc tm y : x + y/4 = VO2 / VX 4 + y/4 = 6 y = 8 ci ny t => p n => CT : CnH2n 1 lin kt pi
Cu 63: Cho 0,2 mol hn hp X gm etan, propan v propen qua dung dch brom d, thy khi lng bnh brom tng
4,2 gam. Lng kh cn li em t chy hon ton thu c 6,48 gam nc. Vy % th tch etan, propan v propen
ln lt l:
A. 30%, 20%, 50%.
B. 20%, 50%, 30%.
C. 50%, 20%, 30%.
D. 20%, 30%, 50%.
Etan C2H6 ; propan C3H8 propen C3H6 => m tng = mC3H6= 4,2 g V ch c C3H6 p
n C2H6 + nC3H8 = nHn hp nC3H6 = 0,2 0,1 = 0,1 => %VC3H6 = nC3H6.100%/ nhh = 50%
kh i l C2H6 v C3H8 => BTNT H : => 6nC2H6 + 8nC3H8 = 2nH2O = 0,72
Gii h => nC2H6 = 0,04 ; nC3H8 = 0,06 => %V = n / nhn hp => D
Cu 64: Mt hn hp X gm 2 hirocacbon A, B c cng s nguyn t cacbon. A, B ch c th l ankan hay anken.
t chy 4,48 lt (kc) hn hp X thu c 26,4 gam CO2 v 12,6 gam H2O. Xc nh CTPT v s mol ca A, B trong
hn hp X.
A. 0,1 mol C3H8 v 0,1 mol C3H6.
B. 0,2 mol C2H6 v 0,2 mol C2H4.
C. 0,08 mol C3H8 v 0,12 mol C3H6.
D. 0,1 mol C2H6 v 0,2 mol C2H4.
Ta c A,B cng s C => CT: CmH2m+2A ; CmH2mB A,B l ankan v anken
m = nCO2 / nhh = 0,6 / 0,2 = 3 => C3H8 v C3H6 => B v D sai
Th p n A vo tha mn iu kin 8nC3H8 + 6nC3H6 = 2nH2O => A ng
Nu A sai => C ng
Hoc c th gii h BTNTC , H => 3x + 3y = nCO2 ; 8x + 6y = 2nH2O => x = y = 0,1
Cu 65: Mt hn hp X gm 1 anken A v 1 ankin B, A v B c cng s nguyn t cacbon. X c khi lng l 12,4
gam, c th tch l 6,72 lt. Cc th tch kh o ktc. CTPT v s mol A, B trong hn hp X l:
A. 0,2 mol C2H4 v 0,1 mol C2H2.
B. 0,1 mol C3H6 v 0,1 mol C3H4.
C. 0,2 mol C3H6 v 0,1 mol C3H4.
D. 0,1 mol C2H4 v 0,2 mol C2H2.
Anken v Ankin c cng C => CT A:CnH2n ; B: CnH2n 2 A l anken ; B l ankin
Gi x , y l s mol ca A,B => m hn hp = 14n.x + (14n 2).y = 12,4 14n(x+y) 2y = 12,4
n hn hp = x + y = 0,3 mol => Th vo trn => 4,2n 2y = 12,4 4,2n = 12,4 + 2y
n > 12,4/4,2 =2,95 hay n > 2,95 => p n => n = 3 => C3H6 v C3H4 => Loi A v D
B sai v nhn hp = 0,2 # 0,3 => C
Cu 66: Mt hn hp A gm 2 hirocacbon X, Y lin tip nhau trong cng dy ng ng. t chy 11,2 lt hn hp
X thu c 57,2 gam CO2 v 23,4 gam H2O. CTPT X, Y v khi lng ca X, Y l:
A. 12,6 gam C3H6 v 11,2 gam C4H8.
B. 8,6 gam C3H6v 11,2 gam C4H8.
C. 5,6 gam C2H4 v 12,6 gam C3H6.
D. 2,8 gam C2H4 v 16,8 gam C3H6.
p n => CT dng : CnH2n Hoc da vo nCO2 = nH2O = 1,3 mol
Cch 1.m tng p n => Ph hp n hn hp = 0,5 mol ; a . nCaH2a + b . nCbH2b = nCO2 BT nguyn t C => C
ng
Cch 2. Gii nhanh : ta c n = nCO2 / nhh = 1,3 / 0,5 = 2,6 => C2H4 v C3H6 => Loi A , B
V 0,6nC2H4 = 0,4nC3H6 = 3nC2H4 = 2nC3H6 Xem phn chuyn 1 v cch xc nh t l da vo n
=> Chn nC2H4 = 2x => nC3H6 = 3x
=> n hn hp = 2x + 3x = 0,5 => x = 0,1 => nC2H4 = 0,2 ; nC3H6 = 0,3 => m => C ng
Cu 67: t chy hon ton 0,05 mol mt anken A thu c 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc). Cho A tc dng vi dung dch HBr
ch cho mt sn phm duy nht. CTCT ca A l:
A. CH2=CH2.
B. (CH3)2C=C(CH3)2.
C. CH2=C(CH3)2.
D. CH3CH=CHCH3.
Anken : CnH2n => n = nCO2 / nAnken = 4 => C4H8 ; A p vi HBr => to ra 1 sn phm => A l anken i xng

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

=> D tha mn
Cu 68: Hn hp X gm propen v B l ng ng theo t l th tch 1:1. t 1 th tch hn hp X cn 3,75 th tch
oxi (cng k). Vy B l:
A. eten.
B. propan.
C. buten.
D. penten.
T l th tch = t l s mol => nPropen = nB
p n => A,C,D u l anken ui en => Xt Trng hp B l anken nu khng ng => B ng v A,C,D sai
B c CT : CnH2n ;
T l th V = t l s mol => Chn nX = 1 mol => nO2 = 3,75 mol ; nC3H6 = nB = 0,5 mol T l 1 : 1
Ta lun c nO2 = (x + y/4).nCxHy => 3,75 = (3+6/4).nC3H6 + (n+2n/4).nCnH2n
3,75 = 2,25 + (3n/2) . 0,5 n = 2 => C2H4 => eten => A
Cu 69: em t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp X gm 2 anken l ng ng k tip nhau thu c CO2 v nc
c khi lng hn km nhau 6,76 gam. CTPT ca 2 anken l:
A. C2H4 v C3H6.
B. C3H6 v C4H8.
C. C4H8 v C5H10.
D. C5H10 v C6H12.
Ta lun c nCO2 = n .nAnken ; nH2O = n . nAnken C n H2 n + O2 => n CO2 + n H2O Hoc bo ton nguyn
t
=> mCO2 mH2O = 44. n .0,1 18. n .0,1 = 6,76 => n = 2,6 => n = 2 v n =3 Lin tip =>A
Cu 70: X, Y, Z la 3 hirocacbon k tip trong day ng ng, trong o MZ = 2MX. t chay hoan toan 0,1 mol Y ri
hp thu toan b san phm chay vao 2 lit dung dich Ba(OH)2 0,1M c mt lng kt tua la:
A. 19,7 gam.
B. 39,4 gam.
C. 59,1 gam.
D. 9,85 gam.
Ta thy X,Y,Z => C2H4 ; C3H6 v C4H8 xem li cc bi trn
0,1 mol YC3H6 => 0,3 mol CO2 BTNT C
ADCT : nCO32- BaCO3= nOH- Bazo - nCO2 = 2nBa(OH)2 nCO2 = 2.0,2 0,3 = 0,1
Xem phn chuyn 1 C CT cu 65
m kt ta = 19,7 g =>A
Cu 71: Chia hn hp gm C3H6, C2H4, C2H2 thnh hai phn u nhau.
Phn 1: t chy hon ton thu c 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc).
Phn 2: Hiro ho ri t chy ht th th tch CO2 thu c (ktc) l bao nhiu ?
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 3,36 lt.
Phn 1 => nC(trong hn hp) = nCO2 thu c
Phn 2=> nC (trong hn hp) = nCO2 thu c => nCO2 phn 1 = nCO2 phn 2 => V1 = V2 = 2,24 lt =>B
Khi hidro ha ch lm thay i H P cng H2 => khng lam thay i C => BT nguyn t C khng i.
Cu 72: t chy hon ton 20,0 ml hn hp X gm C3H6, CH4, CO (th tch CO gp hai ln th tch CH4), thu c
24,0 ml CO2 (cc th tch kh o cng iu kin nhit v p sut). T khi ca X so vi kh H2 l:
A. 12,9.
B. 25,8.
C. 22,2.
D. 11,1
T l th tch = t l s mol => 20 ml hn hp X => 24 ml CO2 20 mol X => 24 mol CO2
nCO = 2nCH4 Gi x,y l mol C3H6 v CH4 => nCO = 2y => n hn hp = nC3H6 + nCH4 + nCO
= x + y + 2y = x + 3y = 20
BTNT C => 3nC3H6 + nCH4 + nCO = nCO2 3x + y + 2y = 24 Gii h => x = 2 ;y = 6
nC3H6 = 2 ; nCH4 = 6 ; nCO = 12 => m hn hp = mC3H6 + mCH4 + mCO = 2.42 + 6.16 + 12.26 = 516
M hn hp = m hn hp / n hn hp = 516 / 20 = 25,8 => T khi vi H2 = 25,8/2 = 12,9 =>A
Cu 73: t chy hon ton 0,1 mol anken X thu c CO 2 v hi nc. Hp th hon ton sn phm bng 100 gam
dung dch NaOH 21,62% thu c dung dch mi trong nng ca NaOH ch cn 5%. Cng thc phn t ng
ca X l:
A. C2H4.
B. C3H6.
C. C4H8.
D. C5H10.
Anken => CT : CnH2n => nCO2 = 0,1.n mol
CO2 p vi NaOH sau p thy d NaOH => CO2 ht ; NaOH d ( bi)
P : CO2 + 2NaOH => Na2CO3 + H2O => nNaOH p = 2nCO2 = 0,2n => mNaOH p = 8n (g)
m NaOH d = mNaOH ban u - mNaOH p = 100.21,62/100% - 8n = 21,62 8n
Ta c m dd sau p => mH2O + mCO2 + mddNaOH = 1,8 n + 4,4n + 100 (V cho ton b sn phm vo)
C% NaOH sau p = mNaOH d / mdd sau p
5% = (21,62-8n).100%/(4,4n + 1,8n +100) n = 2 => C2H4 (Chc chn n = 2 v 21,62 8n >0 => n < 2,7
n = 2 (Hoc c th th p n => A
Dng ny c CT : C% = (mNaOH ban u 8 n ) / (6,2 n + mddNaOH)

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

Cu 74: X la hn hp gm hirocacbon A va O2 (ti l mol tng ng 1:10). t chay hoan toan X c hn hp Y.

Dn Y qua binh H2SO4 c d c hn Z co ti khi so vi hiro la 19. A co cng thc phn t la:
A. C2H6.
B. C4H8.
C C4H6.
D. C3H6.
T l mol 1:10 => Chn nA = 1 mol => nO2 = 10 mol
t X => Y => cho Y qua H2SO4 c => H2O b H2SO4 hp th => hn hp Z l CO2 v O2 d V Nu ch c
CO2 => M = 44 m M = 38
Gi a , b l mol CO2 v O2 d => M = m hn hp / n hn hp = (44a + 32b) / (a+b) = 38
6a = 6b a = b ; Ta lun c x . nCxHy = nCO2 BT nguyn tt C x = nCO2 => x = a = b
Ta lun c nO2 p = (x + y/4) .nCxHy
nO2 ban u nO2 d = (x + y/4).nCxHy 10 x = (x +y/4) 2x + y/4 = 10 => Th p n
=> B tha mn x = 4 v y = 8
Cu 75: m gam hn hp gm C3H6, C2H4 v C2H2 chy hon ton thu c 4,48 lt kh CO2 (ktc). Nu hiro ho hon
ton m gam hn hp trn ri t chy ht hn hp thu c V lt CO2 (ktc). Gi tr ca V l:
A. 3,36.
B. 2,24.
C. 4,48.
D. 1,12.
Xem bi 71 => C
Cu 76: Dn 1,68 lt hn hp kh X gm hai hirocacbon vo bnh ng dung dch brom (d). Sau khi phn ng xy
ra hon ton, c 4 gam brom phn ng v cn li 1,12 lt kh. Nu t chy hon ton 1,68 lt X th sinh ra 2,8 lt
kh CO2. Cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon l (bit cc th tch kh u o ktc)
A. CH4 v C2H4. B. CH4 v C3H4.
C. CH4 v C3H6.
D. C2H6 v C3H6.
p n => Hn hp X cha ankan => cn li 1,12 lt = Vankan V ankan ko p => nAnkan = 0,05 mol
Vcht cn li X = V hn hp Vankan = 1,68 1,12 = 0,56 lt => n X = 0,025 mol
Ta c nX = nBr2 = 0,025 mol => X c k = 1 hay c CT : CnH2n ; Y l ankan : CmH2m+2
Da vo cn li 1,68 lt => 2,8 lt => m.nAnkan + n.nanken = 0,125 m.0,05 + n.0,025 = 0,125
2m + n = 5 => m = 1 v n = 3 hoc m = 2 ; n =1 Loi n = 1 v khng c CnH2n no c n =1 ; n 2
=> m = 1 ; n = 3 => CH4 v C3H6 => C
Cu 77: Hn hp X gm C3H8 va C3H6 co ti khi so vi hiro la 21,8. t chay ht 5,6 lit X (ktc) thi thu c bao
nhiu gam CO2 va bao nhiu gam H2O ?
A. 33 gam va 17,1 gam. B. 22 gam va 9,9 gam. C. 13,2 gam va 7,2 gam.D. 33 gam va 21,6 gam.
Gi x , y l mol C3H8 v C3H6 => nhn hp = nC3H8 + nC3H6 = x + y = 5,6/22,4 = 0,25 mol
m hn hp = mC3H8 + mC3H6 = 44x + 42y = M hn hp . nhn hp = 21,8.2.0,25
GIi h => x = 0,2 ; y = 0,05
BTNT C => 3nC3H8 + 3nC3H6 = nCO2 = 3.0,2 + 3.0,05 = 0,75 mol => mCO2 = 33 g
BTNT H => 8nC3H8 + 6nC3H6 = 2nH2O => . => mH2O = 17,1 g => A
Cu 78: Hin nay PVC c iu ch theo s sau:
C2H4 CH2ClCH2Cl C2H3Cl PVC.
Nu hiu sut ton b qu trnh t 80% th lng C2H4 cn dng sn xut 5000 kg PVC l:
A. 280 kg.
B. 1792 kg.
C. 2800 kg.
D. 179,2 kg.
PVC : C2H3Cl SGK 11 nc 163 BT NT C => 2nC2H4 = 2nC2H3Cl nC2H4 = nC2H3Cl = 80mol
mC2H4 theo PT = 80.28 = 2240 mol
H% p = mPT . 100% / mTT 80% = 2240.100% / m TT => mTT = 2800 m Thc tt => C
Xem li H% bi 35
Cu 79: Thi 0,25 mol kh etilen qua 125 ml dung dch KMnO4 1M trong mi trng trung tnh (hiu sut 100%)
khi lng etylen glicol thu c bng
A. 11,625 gam.
B. 23,25 gam.
C. 15,5 gam.
D. 31 gam.
PT: SGK11 nc 162
3C2H4 + 2KMnO4 + 4H2O => 3C2H4(OH)2 + 2MnO2 + 2KOH
0,25
0,125
=> nC2H4 d tnh theo nKMnO4 v 0,25.2 > 0,125.3 => nC2H4(OH)2 = 3nKMnO4 /2 = 0,1875 mol
=> m = 0,1875.62 = 11,625 g => A
Cu 80: kh hon ton 200 ml dung dch KMnO4 0,2M to thnh cht rn mu nu en cn V lt kh C2H4 ( ktc).
Gi tr ti thiu ca V l:
A. 2,240.
B. 2,688.
C. 4,480.
D. 1,344.
Thm cht rn mu nu en MnO2
PT bi 79 => nC2H4 = 3nKMnO4 /2 = 0,4.3/2 = 0,6 mol => V = 1,344 lt => D
Cu 81: Ba hirocacbon X, Y, Z k tip nhau trong dy ng ng, trong khi lng phn t Z gp i khi
lng phn t X. t chy 0,1 mol cht Z, sn phm kh hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ca(OH)2 (d), thu c s

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

gam kt ta l:
A. 20.
B. 40.
C. 30.
D. 10.
X,Y , Z k tip nhau + MZ = 2MX => X,Y,Z c cng thc : CnH2n v n = 2;3;4 Duy nht
=> Z l C4H8 ; its 0,1 mol C4H8 => 0,4 mol CO2 BTNT C => nCaCO3 kt ta = nCO2 = 0,4 mol
=> m = 40 g => B
Cu 82: Hn hp X c t khi so vi H2 l 21,2 gm propan, propen v propin. Khi t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X, tng
khi lng ca CO2 v H2O thu c l:
A. 18,60 gam.
B. 18,96 gam.
C. 20,40 gam.
D. 16,80 gam.
Propan C3H8 propen C3H6 ; Propin C3H4 => Nhn thy cng s C => CT : C3Hy
Ta c MY = 21,2.2 = 12.3 + y y = 6,4
PT : C3H6,4 + O2 => 3CO2 + 3,2H2O => nCO2 = 0,3 mol ; nH2O = 0,32 mol
=> Tng khi lng = mCO2 + mH2O = 0,3.44 + 0,32.18 = 18,96g
Cu 83: X la hn hp C4H8 va O2 (ti l mol tng ng 1:10). t chay hoan toan X c hn hp Y. Dn Y qua binh
H2SO4 c d c hn Z. Ti khi ca Z so vi hiro la
A.18.
B. 19.
C. 20.
D. 21.
Ngc li bi 74 : T l 1 : 10 => chn nC4H8 = 1 mol => nO2 = 10 mol
nO2 p = (4 + 8/4) . nC4H8 = 6 mol => nO2 d = 4 mol
nCO2 to thnh = 4nC4H8 = 4mol => M sau khi hp th = (mCO2 + mO2 d) / (nCO2 + nO2 d) = 38
T khi vi H2 = 19 => B
Cu 84: Hn hp X gm 2 anken kh phn ng va vi dung dch cha 48 gam brom. Mt khc t chy hon ton
hn hp X dng ht 24,64 lt O2 (ktc). Cng thc phn t ca 2 anken l:
A. C2H4 v C3H6. B. C2H4 v C4H8.
C. C3H6 v C4H8.
D. A v B u ng.
Anken p vi Br2 => nhn hp Anken = nBr2 = 0,3 mol k=1 Xem li CT: nBr2 = k.nX vi k = s pi
Gi cng thc trung ca hn hp 2 anken l C n H2 n
nO2 = ( n + 2n /4) . nC n H2 n nO2 = (x +y).nCxHy 1,1 = 3 n .0,3/ 2 n = 2,44 => A v B ng
n nm gia 2 s C ca 2 cht => D
Cu 85: t chy mt s mol nh nhau ca 3 hirocacbon K, L, M ta thu c lng CO2 nh nhau v t l s mol
nc v CO2 i vi s mol ca K, L, M tng ng l 0,5 ; 1 ; 1,5. CTPT ca K, L, M (vit theo th t tng ng) l:
A. C2H4, C2H6, C3H4.
B. C3H8, C3H4, C2H4.
C. C3H4, C3H6, C3H8. D. C2H2, C2H4, C2H6.
Xem li bi 99 chuyn 2

BI TP V ANKAIEN -TECPEN - ANKIN

Cu 1: S ng phn thuc loi ankaien ng vi cng thc phn t C5H8 l
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
Ankandien => Ch ng phn hnh hc;
C5H8 c k = 2 Ankandien => c 2 lin kt i hay 2 pi Ankandien lin hp v khng lin hp SGK 11 nc 166
ng phn:
CH2 = C = CH CH2 CH3 ; => ko c p hnh hc => 1
CH2 = CH CH = CH CH3 ; => c p hnh hc ni i th 2=> 2
CH2 = CH CH2 CH =CH2 ; => ko c p hh => 1
CH3 CH=C=CH CH3 ;
=> ko c p hh => 1
CH2 = C =C(CH3)-CH3
=> ko c p hh => 1
CH2=C(CH3)-CH=CH2
=> ko c p hh => 1
=> Tng c 7 => D
Cu 2: C5H8 c bao nhiu ng phn ankaien lin hp ?
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Lin hp => 2 ni i gn nhau .
Cu 1 => CH2 = C = CH CH2 CH3 ; => ko c p hnh hc => 1
CH3 CH=C=CH CH3 ;
=> ko c p hh => 1
CH2 = C =C(CH3)-CH3
=> ko c p hh => 1
=> 3 p => B
Cu 3: Trong cc hirocacbon sau: propen, but-1-en, but-2-en, penta-1,4- ien, penta-1,3- ien hirocacbon cho c
hin tng ng phn cis - trans ?

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

A. propen, but-1-en.
B. penta-1,4-dien, but-1-en.
C. propen, but-2-en.
D. but-2-en, penta-1,3- ien.
But 1 en CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 ko c p hnh hc => Loi A v B
Propen khng c ng phn hnh hc : CH2 = CH CH3 ko c => Loi C => D
But 2n : CH3 CH=CH CH3 ; Penta 1,3 ien : CH2 = CH CH = CH CH3 p hnh hc lin kt pi th 2
=> D
Cu 4: Cng thc phn t ca buta-1,3-ien (ivinyl) v isopren (2-metylbuta-1,3-ien) ln lt l
A. C4H6 v C5H10.B. C4H4 v C5H8.
C. C4H6 v C5H8.
D. C4H8 v C5H10.
Thy c 2 cht u c ui ien => k = 2 2 lin kt pi => CnH2n 2 => C tha mn
Buta 1,3 ien : CH2 = CH CH = CH2 ; 2 metylbuta 1,3 ien => C4H6
CH2 = C(CH3) CH = CH2 => C5H8
Cu 5: Hp cht no trong s cc cht sau c 9 lin kt xch ma v 2 lin kt ?
A. Buta-1,3-ien. B. Penta-1,3- ien.
C. Stiren.
D. Vinyl axetilen.
Xem li cu 7 phn anken => Cng thc tnh lin kt xch ma ;
2 lin kt pi => CT : CnH2n-2 Xem li phn tm CT 2 cch chuyn 1
Lin kt xch ma = s C + s H 1 = 9 s C + s H = 8 = n + 2n 2 = 10 n = 4 => C4H6 => A
D c 3 lin kt pi :CH2=CH-C=*CH Ch =* l ni 3
Vinyl : CH2=CH
Cu 6: Hp cht no trong s cc cht sau c 7 lin kt xch ma v 3 lin kt ?
A. Buta-1,3-ien. B. Tuloen.
C. Stiren.
D. Vinyl axetilen.
Tng t bi 5: 3 lin kt pi => CT : CnH2n 4 ;
=> S lin kt xch ma = n + 2n 4 - 1 = 7 n = 4 => D:C4H4
Cu 7: Cho phn ng gia buta-1,3-ien v HBr -80oC (t l mol 1:1), sn phm chnh ca phn ng l
A. CH3CHBrCH=CH2. B. CH3CH=CHCH2Br. C. CH2BrCH2CH=CH2.D. CH3CH=CBrCH3.
nhit -80 oC => Br C bc cao ; v sn phm cng v tr 1,2 SGK 11nc 167
1(I) 2(III)
CH2=CH CH=CH2 + HBr => CH3-CHBr CH=CH2 => A
1 2 3 4
Ch cch cng : R C = CR CR = C R => cng vo v tr 1,2 hoc 1 ,4
v cht phi c dng nh zy R c th l H hoc hidrocabon ; halogen
VD: CH3 C=C(CH3) C(C2H5)=C-C3H7 ; CH2=CH CH =CH2 ; .
Mnh hiu l cng vo v tr 1,2 ni i 1 hoc 1,4 ni i 1 v ni i 4 a lin kt i vo trong

1,2,3,4 l v tr C cha lin kt i Ch khng phi nh s th t C

Cu 8: Cho phn ng gia buta-1,3-ien v HBr 40oC (t l mol 1:1), sn phm chnh ca phn ng l
A. CH3CHBrCH=CH2. B. CH3CH=CHCH2Br. C. CH2BrCH2CH=CH2.D. CH3CH=CBrCH3.
nhit 40 oC => Br C bc cao v sn phm ng v tr 1,4 v chuyn ni i vo trongSGK 11nc 167
CH2=CH CH=CH2 + HBr => CH3-CH=CH-CH2Br => B
1 2 3 4
Ch c p cng 1,4 => Cht c dng R C =C C =C R 2 lin kt i cch nhau 1 v tr
Cu 9: 1 mol buta-1,3-ien c th phn ng ti a vi bao nhiu mol brom ?
A. 1 mol.
B. 1,5 mol.
C. 2 mol.
D. 0,5 mol.
Buta 1,3 ien => 2 lin kt pi => ADCT : nBr2 = k.nX => nBr2 = 2nX = 2mol k l tng s pi =>C
Cu 10: Isopren tham gia phn ng vi dung dch Br2 theo t l mol 1:1 to ra ti a bao nhiu sn phm ?
A. 4.
B. 1.
C. 3.
D. 2.
Isopren : CH2 =C(CH3)-CH=CH2 SGK 11nc 168
V cho l ti a => Br2 cng vo ni i 1 => 1
Br2 cng vo ni i 2 => 1
Br2 cng vo c 2 ni i => 1
Br2 cng vo v tr 1,4 =>1 CH2Br C(CH3)=CH-CH2Br => 4 sn phm
Bi ny mnh ang thc mc => c trng hp phn ng th vi gc CH3 khng nh - khng bo l phn ng cng
ch c t l 1 : 1
Cu 11: Isopren tham gia phn ng vi dung dch HBr theo t l mol 1:1 to ra ti a bao nhiu sn phm cng ?
A. 8.
B. 5.
C. 7.
D. 6.
Phn ng vi dung dch HBr theo t l 1 :1 => sn phm cng => Ch cng 1 HBr

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- 14 -

CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

CH2 =C(CH3)-CH=CH2 => 1 ni i => 2 sn phm chnh v ph => 2 ni i c 4 sn phm Cng theo quy tc
macopnhicop SGK 11nc 161
Cng vo v tr 1,2 ging 2 trng hp trn=> khng
Cng vo v tr 1,4 c 2 sn phm ; BrCH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH3 ng phn hnh hc
; CH3 C(CH3)=CH-CH2Br => 3
=> Tng = 4 + 3 = 7 =>C
Cu 12: Cht no sau y khng phi l sn phm cng gia dung dch brom v isopren (theo t l mol 1:1) ?
A. CH2BrC(CH3)BrCH=CH2.
B. CH2BrC(CH3)=CHCH2Br.
C. CH2BrCH=CHCH2CH2Br.
D. CH2=C(CH3)CHBrCH2Br.
Iso pren c nhnh => C khng tha mn
Cu 13: Ankaien A + brom (dd) CH3C(CH3)BrCH=CHCH2Br. Vy A l
A. 2-metylpenta-1,3-ien.
B. 2-metylpenta-2,4-ien.
C. 4-metylpenta-1,3-ien.
D. 2-metylbuta-1,3-ien.
Sn phm CH3 CBr(CH3)CH = CH CH2Br sn phm cng v tr 1,4V ni i gia
5
4
3
2
1
cht A ; CH3 C(CH3)=CH CH=CH2 => 4 metylpenta 1,3 ien
cch gi tn s ch v tr mch nhnh mch chnh s ch v tr ien
Vi cch nh s C gn lin kt i nht ien ch c 2 lin kt i tr ln
Cu 14: Ankaien B + Cl2 CH2ClC(CH3)=CH-CH2Cl-CH3. Vy A l
A. 2-metylpenta-1,3-ien.
B. 4-metylpenta-2,4-ien.
C. 2-metylpenta-1,4-ien.
D. 4-metylpenta-2,3-ien.
1
2
3
4 5
Ging 13 cng vo 1,4 => CH3 =C(CH3)-CH=CH-CH3 => 2 metyl penta 1,3 ien => A
Cu 15: Cho 1 Ankaien A + brom(dd) 1,4-ibrom-2-metylbut-2-en. Vy A l
A. 2-metylbuta-1,3-ien.
C. 3-metylbuta-1,3-ien.
B. 2-metylpenta-1,3-ien.
D. 3-metylpenta-1,3-ien.
1
2
3
4
1,4 ibrom 2 metylbut 2 en => CH2Br C(CH3)=CH CH2Br cng vo v tr 1,4
1
2
3 4
=> A : CH2 = C(CH3)-C=CH2 => 2 metylbuta 1,3 ien => A
Cu 16: Trng hp ivinyl to ra cao su Buna c cu to l ?
A. (-C2H-CH-CH-CH2-)n.
B. (-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-)n.
C. (-CH2-CH-CH=CH2-)n.
D. (-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2-)n.
ivinyl hay 2vinyl Vinyl : CH2 =CH- => ivinyl : CH2=CH-CH=CH2
trng hp => (-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-)n => B
Trng hp l tch ht ni i thnh ni n ri ni vo nhau
VD: CH2 = CH2 => tch ni i : -CH2 - CH2 => -CH2 CH2CH2=CH-CH = CH2 ; tch ; CH2=CH => -CH2-CH Tch CH = CH2 => - CH CH2 - => ni vi nhau => -CH2 CH = CH CH2 Cu 17: ng trng hp ivinyl v stiren thu c cao su buna-S c cng thc cu to l
A. (-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH(C6H5)-CH2-)n.
B. (-C2H-CH-CH-CH2-CH(C6H5)-CH2-)n.
C. (-CH2-CH-CH=CH2- CH(C6H5)-CH2-)n.
D. (-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2- CH(C6H5)-CH2-)n .
Stiren SGK 11 nc 194 C6H5-CH=CH2 ; ivinyl : CH2=CH-CH=CH2
P SGK 11 nc 195
P ng trng hp Tch ht cc lin kt i ban u ri ni vi nhau => A
Cu 18: ng trng hp ivinyl v acrylonitrin (vinyl xianua) thu c cao su buna-N c cng thc cu to l
A. (-C2H-CH-CH-CH2-CH(CN)-CH2-)n.
B. (-CH2-CH2-CH2-CH2- CH(CN)-CH2-)n.
C. (-CH2-CH-CH=CH2- CH(CN)-CH2-)n.
D. (-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-CH(CN)-CH2-)n .
ivinyl : CH2=CH2-CH=CH2 ;
Vinyl xiannua : CN - CH=CH2 => ng trng hp => (-CH2-CH2=CH-CH2-CH(CN)-CH2-)n => D
Cu 19: Trng hp isopren to ra cao su isopren c cu to l
A. (-C2H-C(CH3)-CH-CH2-)n .
C. (-CH2-C(CH3)-CH=CH2-)n .
B. (-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2-)n.
D. (-CH2-CH(CH3)-CH2-CH2-)n .
SGK 11nc 198 =>B

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

Isopren : CH2=CH(CH)3-CH=CH2 => (-CH2-CH(CH3)=CH-CH2-)n => B

Cu 20: Tn gi ca nhm hirocacbon khng no c cng thc chung l (C5H8)n (n 2) l
A. ankaien.
B. cao su.
C. anlen.
D. tecpen.
SGK 11 nc 171.
Cu 21: Caroten (licopen) l sc t mu ca c rt v c chua chn, cng thc phn t ca caroten l
A. C15H25.
B. C40H56.
C. C10H16.
D. C30H50.
SGK 11 Nng cao-171
Cu 22: Oximen c trong tinh du l hng qu, limonen c trong tinh du chanh. Chng c cng cng thc phn t l
A. C15H25.
B. C40H56.
C. C10H16.
D. C30H50.
SGK Ha hc 11 Nng cao-171
Cu 23: C4H6 c bao nhiu ng phn mch h ?
A. 5.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
(CH2=C=CH-CH3; CH2= CH-CH=CH2; CHC-CH2-CH3 ;
CH3-CC-CH3. CT CxHyOzNtCluNav khng no=(2x-y+t-u-v+2)/2. khng no ca C4H6 l 2.==> TH1:0 vng,2 lk
i; TH2:0 vng,1 lk ba;TH3:1 vng,1 lk i;v l mch h nn ch xy ra TH1 v TH2,sau dch chuyn v tr ca
cc ni i, ba to ra ng phn.)
Cu 24: C bao nhiu ankin ng vi cng thc phn t C5H8 ?
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4
(CHC-CH2-CH2-CH3; CH3-CC-CH2-CH3; CH3-CH2-CC-CH3)
Cu 25: Ankin C4H6 c bao nhiu ng phn cho phn ng th kim loi (phn ng vi dung dch cha AgNO3/NH3)
A. 4.
B. 2.
C. 1.
D. 3.
(CH3-CH2-CCH .Nguyn t H nh vo C mang lk ba linh ng hn rt nhiu so vi H nh vi C mang lk i,
n,nn c th b thay th bng nguyn t KL.Nhng ch xy ra cc ankin co lk ba u mch R-CH)
Cu 26: C bao nhiu ng phn ankin C5H8 tc dng c vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 to kt ta
A. 3.
B. 2.
C. 4.
D. 1.
Nh cu 25 => cht c dng R CH (CH3-CH2-CH2-CCH , CH3-CH(CH3)-CCH )
Cu 27: Ankin C6H10 c bao nhiu ng phn phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 ?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
Cu 25: (CH3-CH2-CH2-CH2-CCH ; CH3 CH(CH3) CH2 CCH ;
CH3 CH2 CH(CH3) CCH ; CH3 (CH3)C(CH3) CCH)
Cu 28: Trong phn t ankin X, hiro chim 11,111% khi lng. C bao nhiu ankin ph hp
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4
(CT ankin CxHy.% C = 100-11,111=88,889%.x:y=88,889/12 : 11,111/1=2:3==> (C2H3)n
=> n =2 hay C4H6 ;
Cu 29: Cho ankin X c cng thc cu to sau :
CH3C C CH CH3
Tn ca X l

CH3

A. 4-metylpent-2-in.
B. 2-metylpent-3-in.
C. 4-metylpent-3-in.
D. 2-metylpent-4-in.
S ch v tr Tn nhnh / tn mch chnh/ - s ch v tr in
Mch chnh l mch c lk i, di nht v c nhiu nhnh nht.nh s C mch chnh bt u t pha gn lk i
hn.S ch v tr lk i ghi ngay trc ui in)

Cu 30: Cho phn ng : C2H2 + H2O

A
A l cht no di y
A. CH2=CHOH.
B. CH3CHO.
C. CH3COOH. D. C2H5OH.
P SGK 11 nc - 177
(p cng H2O ca ankin:H2O cng vo lk ba to ra hp cht trung gian khng bn v chuyn thnh andehit hoc
xeton) Quy tc h bin ca ru c OH gn vi C lin kt i c dng R CH=CH-OH , R- C(OH)=CH2 s b
chuyn thnh andehit hoc xeton .
R-CH=CH-OH => R CH2 CHO ; R- C(OH)=CH2 => R C(O) CH3
Cu 31: Cho s phn ng sau:
CH3-CCH + AgNO3/ NH3 X + NH4NO3
X c cng thc cu to l?
A. CH3-CAgCAg.
B. CH3-CCAg.
C. AgCH2-CCAg.D. A, B, C u c th ng.
(p th bng ion KL ca ankin:nguyn t H nh vo C mang lk ba b thay th bng nguyn t KL Ag)
Ag ch th vo H lin kt vi C ni 3 u mch
Cu 32: Trong s cc hirocacbon mch h sau: C4H10, C4H6, C4H8, C3H4, nhng hirocacbon no c th to kt ta
vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3 ?
A. C4H10 ,C4H8.
B. C4H6, C3H4.
C. Ch c C4H6. D. Ch c C3H4.

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

(RH c th to kt ta vi dd AgNO3/NH3 l ankin loi C4H10 (ankan) v C4H8 (anken hoc xicloankan) ,ch
c th l C4H6 v C3H4)
Cu 33: Hn hp A gm hiro v cc hirocacbon no, cha no. Cho A vo bnh c niken xc tc, un nng bnh mt
thi gian ta thu c hn hp B. Pht biu no sau y sai ?
A. t chy hon ton hn hp A cho s mol CO2 v s mol nc lun bng s mol CO2 v s mol nc khi t
chy hon ton hn hp B.
B. S mol oxi tiu tn t hon ton hn hp A lun bng s mol oxi tiu tn khi t hon ton hn hp B.
C. S mol A - S mol B = S mol H2 tham gia phn ng.
D. Khi lng phn t trung bnh ca hn hp A bng khi lng phn t trung bnh ca hn hp B.
A ng v bo ton nguyn t C v H trc v sau p . Ta c hn hp A p to thnh hn hp B
=> Tng s H , C trong hn hp A = Tng s H,C trong hn hp B V hn hp A ch c H v C , nh H2 l H ,
hidrocacbon no , ko n cng cha H v C
B ng . nu ta gi CT tng qut ca hn hp A l CxHy V thnh phn ch cha C , H => hn hp B cng l CxHy
Bo ton nguyn t trc v sau p => u t chy cng mt lng O2.
C ng.
Cu 34: Cht no trong 4 cht di y c th tham gia c 4 phn ng: Phn ng chy trong oxi, phn ng cng brom,
phn ng cng hiro (xc tc Ni, to), phn ng th vi dd AgNO3 /NH3
A. etan.
B. etilen.
C. axetilen.
D. xiclopropan.
(mi cht hu c u tham gia p chy trong O2.ankan khng tham gia p cng Br loi A.etilen v xiclopropan
khng tham gia p th vi AgNO3//NH3 loi B,D.ch c axetilen c th tham gia c 4 p :C)
Cu 35: Cu no sau y sai ?
A. Ankin c s ng phn t hn anken tng ng.
B. Ankin tng t anken u c ng phn hnh hc.
C. Hai ankin u dy khng c ng phn.
D. Butin c 2 ng phn v tr nhm chc.
(ankin khng c ng phn hnh hc v k c lk i khng phi lk ba)
Cu 36: Cho cc phn ng sau:
(1) C H4 + C2l

a skt

1:1

(2) C2H4 + H2

(3) 2 CHCH

(4) 3 CHCH
(5) C2H2 + Ag2O
(6) Propin + H2O
S phn ng l phn ng oxi ho kh l:
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
(1) CH4 + Cl2 CH3Cl + HCl
(2) C2H4 + H2 C2H6
(3) 2 CHCH CH2=CH-CCH
(4) 3 CHCH C6H6
(5) C2H2 + Ag2O AgCCAg+H2O
(6) Propin + H2O C2H5CHO
Xem p no c s thay i s OXH l p OXH-K => 1 , 2 ,3 , 6 => C : 4
Cch xc nh s oxi ha C trong cht hu c.
(Cc s oxi ha ca cc cht O , H , N , halogen th vn vy)
+ Trong hp cht hu c th tch ring tng nhm Cn ra tnh
VD : CH3 CH2 CH(CH3) CH3 => CH3 | CH2 | CH | CH3 | CH3 => -3|-2|-1|-3|-3
+ Nu nhm chc khng cha C (halogen , -OH , -O-,NH2) thnh tnh s Oxihoa C gn c nhm chc.
VD: CH3 CH(Br)-CH3 => CH3 | CHBr | CH3 => -3 | 0 | -3
CH3 CH2 CH2OH => CH3 | CH2 | CH2OH => -3 | -2 | -1
CH3 O CH2 CH3 => CH3 O| O CH2 | CH3 => -2 | -1 | -3
+ Nu nhm chc c C th tnh ring.
VD : CH3 CHO => CH3 | CHO => -3 | +1
CH3 COOH => CH3 | COOH => -3 | +3
P 1 thy Cl2 => HCL Cl0 + e => Cl-1 ; C-4 -2e => C-2 CH3CL
P 2 thy H2 => C2H6 => H0 - e => H+1 ; C-2 + e=> C-3
P 3 thy 2CHCH => CH2=CH-CCH : C-1 + e => C-2 ; C-1 - e => C0

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

P 6 thy propin CH3-CCH => -3 | 0 | -1 => C2H5CHO => CH3 CH2 CHO => -3 | -2 | +1 ;
C0 + 2e => C-2 ; C-1 - 2e => C+1
=> 4 p. => C
Cu 37: Cho dy chuyn ho sau: CH4 A B C Cao su buna. Cng thc phn t ca B l
A. C4H6.
B. C2H5OH.
C. C4H4.
D. C4H10.
Caosu buna => (-CH=CH CH=CH-)n => C l C4H6 => Loi A
Thm mt st p
Al2 O3
2C2 H5 OH

CH 2 =CH-CH=CH 2 +2H 2O+H 2

450o C
Pd
CH 2 =CH-C=*CH+H 2
CH 2=CH-CH=CH 2
0

Na, t
C4H10
CH 2=CH-CH=CH 2 +2H2

Ch ny phi linh hot cht khng b la nu cho c 3 p n.

Da vo A => B ; to thnh C2H5OH => A l C2H4 hoc C2H5X X l halogen
=> to thnh C2H4 t CH4 khng c p no
to thnh C4H4 vinylaxetilen => A l C2H2 hoc C4H8
M t 2CH4 => C2H2 + 3H2 P 1500 0C lm lnh nhanh => C4H4 ng => C
C4H10 => A l C4H6 , C4H8 nhng CH4 khng th iu ch c.
Cu 38: C chui phn ng sau:

B
HCl

D
N + H2 D E (spc)
Xc nh N, B, D, E bit rng D l mt hidrocacbon mch h, D ch c 1 ng phn.
A. N : C2H2 ; B : Pd ; D : C2H4 ; E : CH3CH2Cl.
B. N : C4H6 ; B : Pd ; D : C4H8 ; E : CH2ClCH2CH2CH3.
C. N : C3H4 ; B : Pd ; D : C3H6 ; E : CH3CHClCH3.
D. N : C3H4 ; B : Pd ; D : C3H6 ; E : CHCH2CH2Cl.
bi => D ch c 1 ng phn => Loi B v D: C4H8 to ra do p E p => CH2=CH-CH2 CH2 ; CH3 CH =
CH CH3 ng phn hnh hc)
E l sn phm chnh .=> Loi D v p CH2 = CH CH3 (C3H6) + HCL => spc CH3 CHCL CH3 , sn phm ph
l CH2CL CH2 CH3.
Loi A v E l sn phm chnh nu D l C2H4 s to ra mt sn phm. P C2H4 + HCL => C2H5CL
=> C ng
Cu 39: Cht no sau y khng iu ch trc tip c axetilen ?
A. Ag2C2.
B. CH4.
C. Al4C3.
D. CaC2.
Ag2C2 + 2HCl C2H2 + 2AgCl
2CH4 C2H2 + 3 H2 k 1500 oC, lm lnh nhanh
CaC2 + 2H2O Ca(OH)2 + C2H2
Al4C3 +12H2O 4Al(OH)3 + 3CH4 2CH4 C2H2 + 3 H2
=> C
Cu 40: lm sch etilen c ln axetilen ta cho hn hp i qua dd no sau y ?
A. dd brom d.
B. dd KMnO4 d.
C. dd AgNO3 /NH3 d. D. cc cch trn u ng.
(anken,ankin tham gia p cng halogen(Br), p OXH (KMnO4):lm mt mu thuc tm loi A,B,D.Ankin c th t/d
vi dd AgNO3/NH3 d cn an ken th khng :C)
Cu 41: nhn bit cc bnh ring bit ng cc kh khng mu sau y: SO2, C2H2, NH3 ta c th dng ho cht
no sau y ?
A. Dung dch AgNO3/NH3.B. Dung dch Ca(OH)2 C. Qu tm m. D. Dung dch NaOH

KOH

Cu 42: X l mt hirocacbon kh ( ktc), mch h. Hiro ho hon ton X thu c hirocacbon no Y c khi
lng phn t gp 1,074 ln khi lng phn t X. Cng thc phn t X l
A. C2H2.
B. C3H4.
C. C4H6.
D. C3H6.
p n => A,B,C u l c dng CnH2n-2
Xt A,B,C nu sai th => D ng
PT : CnH2n-2 + 2nH2 => CnH2n+2 Hidro ha l p cng H2 vo lin kt pi + Thu c hidrocabon no
Chn 1 mol CnH2n-2 => to thnh 1 mol CnH2n+2

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

=> 14n + 2 = 1,074(14n-2) n = 4 => C4H6 => C

Cu 43: Cht hu c X c cng thc phn t C6H6 mch thng. Bit 1 mol X tc dng vi AgNO3 d trong NH3 to ra
292 gam kt ta. CTCT ca X c th l
A. CH CCCCH2CH3.
C. CHCCH2CH=C=CH2.
B. CHCCH2CCCH3.
D. CHCCH2CH2CCH.
C6H6 c k = (2.6 -6 +2)/2 = 4 pi => cc p n u tha mn
iu kin to ra kt ta => X c dng RCH + [Ag(NH3)2]OH => RCAg + 2H2O + 2NH3 P SGK 11nc 177
Thc t l th Ag vo H
Ta lun c nRCH = nRCAg
Mo gii nhanh
V M kt ta = MX + 108 1 = MX + 107
TH1 th 1H
M kt ta = MX + 2.108 2 = MX + 214
TH2 Th 2H
Ta c M C6H6 = 78
V M kt ta = 292 => Tha mn TH2 => Th 2H => X c dng HC C RCH
Tng qut l c 2 ni 3 C u v cui => D tha mn :CHCCH2CH2CCH
Cu 44: Mt hirocacbon A mch thng c CTPT C6H6. Khi cho A tc dng vi dung dch AgNO 3/NH3 d thu c
hp cht hu c B c MB - MA=214 vC. Xc nh CTCT ca A ?
A. CHCCH2CH2CCH.
B. CH3C CCH2CCH.
C. CHCCH(CH3)CCH.
D. CH3CH2CCCCH.
A l mch thng => Loi C
Ta c MB MA = 214 =>TH2 => C 2 ni 3 C u v cui => A
Cu 45: A la hirocacbon mach h, th khi (kt), bit A 1 mol A tac dung c ti a 2 mol Br2 trong dung dich to
ra hp cht B (trong B brom chim 80 % v khi lng. Vy A co cng thc phn t la
A. C5H8.
B. C2H2.
C. C4H6.
D. C3H4.
1 mol p ti a 2 molBr2 => k =2 => CT A: CnH2n-2 Hoc t p n
PT : CnH2n-2 +2Br2 => CnH2n-2Br2 => %Br = 160.100% / (14n 2 + 160) = 80% n = 3 => C3H4 =>D
Cu 46: 4 gam mt ankin X c th lm mt mu ti a 100 ml dung dch Br2 2M. CTPT X l
A. C5H8 .
B. C2H2.
C. C3H4.
D. C4H6.
Ankin :CnH2n-2 => k= 2=> 2nX = nBr2 nX = 0,1 mol => MX = 40 = 14n 2 n = 3 => C3H4
Cu 47: X l mt hirocacbon khng no mch h, 1 mol X c th lm mt mu ti a 2 mol brom trong nc. X c %
khi lng H trong phn t l 10%. CTPT X l
A. C2H2.
B. C3H4.
C. C2H4.
D. C4H6.
1 mol p 2mol Br2 =>CT X : CnH2n-2 => %H = (2n-2).100%/(14n-2) = 10% n = 3 =>C3H4
Cu 48: X l hn hp gm 2 hirocacbon mch h (thuc dy ng ng ankin, anken, ankan). Cho 0,3 mol X lm
mt mu va 0,5 mol brom. Pht biu no di y ng
A. X c th gm 2 ankan.
B. X c th gm2 anken.
C. X c th gm1 ankan v 1 anken.
D. X c th gm1 anken v mt ankin.
Gi k1,k2 ln lt l s pi ca cht A v B v x , y ln lt l s mol ca A ,B
x + y = 0,3 ; k1.x + k2.y = 0,5
Xt A. A,B u l ankan => k1,k2 = 0 => Sai v k1.x + k2.y = 0,5
Xt B. Gm 2 anken => k1 = k2 = 1 => Gii h v nghim => loi
Xt C. A l ankan , B l anken => k1 = 0 ; k2 = 1 ; gii h v nghim => loi
Xt D. Anken v ankin => k1 = 1 ; k2 = 2 ; gii h => x , y => tha mn =>D
Ngoi ra 2 ankin cng loi
Cu 49: Hn hp X gm 1 ankin th kh v hiro c t khi hi so vi CH 4 l 0,425. Nung nng hn hp X vi xc
tc Ni phn ng hon ton thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi hi so vi CH 4 l 0,8. Cho Y i qua bnh ng dung
dch brom d, khi lng bnh tng ln bao nhiu gam ?
A. 8.
B. 16.
C. 0.
D. Khng tnh c.
Cu 50: Hn hp A gm C2H2 v H2 c dA/H2 = 5,8. Dn A (ktc) qua bt Ni nung nng cho n khi cc phn ng
xy ra hon ton ta c hn hp B. Phn trm th tch mi kh trong hn hp A v dB/H2 l
A. 40% H2; 60% C2H2; 29.
B. 40% H2; 60% C2H2 ; 14,5.
C. 60% H2; 40% C2H2 ; 29.
D. 60% H2; 40% C2H2 ; 14,5.
Xem bi 53 phn anken => Chn 1 mol C2H2 = x => M hn hp A = mA/n hn hp A
5,8.2 = (26 + 2y) / (1+y) y = 1,5 mol ;H% = 100 P hon ton

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- 19 -

CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

=> %C2H2 = x / (x+y) = 1 / (1 + 1,5) = 40% => %H2= 60%

PT :
C2H2 +
2H2
=>
C2H6
Ban u
1 mol
1,5mol
P
0,75mol<=
1,5 mol =>
0,75 mol
Sau p
0,25mol
0,75 mol
n sau p = nC2H2 d + nC2H6 to thnh = 0,25 + 0,75 = 1 mol
m trc = msau = mC2H2 + mH2 = 26 + 1,5.2 = 29 g
M sau = 29 => T khi vi H2 = 29/2 = 14,5 =>D
Cu 51: Mt hn hp gm etilen v axetilen c th tch 6,72 lt (ktc). Cho hn hp qua dung dch brom d
phn ng xy ra hon ton, lng brom phn ng l 64 gam. Phn % v th tch etilen v axetilen ln lt l
A. 66% v 34%.
B. 65,66% v 34,34%.
C. 66,67% v 33,33%.
D. Kt qu khc.
Etilen C2H4 ; k = 1 Axetilen C2H2 ; k=2 Gi x , y ln lt l s mol C2H4 ; C2H2
n hn hp = x + y = 0,3 mol ; nBr2 = nC2H4 + 2nC2H2 x + 2y = 0,4
Gii h =>x =0,2 ; y = 0,1 => %VC2H4 = x / (x+y) = 0,2 / 0,3 = 66,67% => %C2H2 = 33,33% =>C
Cu 52: Cho 10 lt hn hp kh CH4 v C2H2 tc dng vi 10 lt H2 (Ni, to). Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu
c 16 lt hn hp kh (cc kh u o cng iu kin nhit p sut). Th tch ca CH 4 v C2H2 trc phn ng
l
A. 2 lt v 8 lt. B. 3 lt v 7 lt.
C. 8 lt v 2 lt. D. 2,5 lt v 7,5 lt.
Gi x , y ln lt l V CH4 v C2H2 => x + y = 10 ;
Ch c C2H2 mi p vi H2
C2H2 +
2H2
=>
C2H6
Ban u
y lt
10 lt
P
y
=>
2y
=>
y
Sau p
10 2y
y lt
V sau khi p => x + 10 2y + y = 16 x y = 6
Gii h => x = 8 v y = 2 => C
Cu 53: Cho 28,2 gam hn hp X gm 3 ankin ng ng k tip qua mt lng d H 2 (to, Ni) phn ng xy ra
hon ton. Sau phn ng th tch th tch kh H2 gim 26,88 lt (ktc). CTPT ca 3 ankin l
A. C2H2, C3H4, C4H6.
B. C3H4, C4H6, C5H8.
C. C4H6, C5H8, C6H10.
D. C A, B u ng.
Th tch H2 gim = th tch H2 p = 26,88 lt => nH2 p = 1,2 mol => nhn hp = nH2 / 2 = 0,6 mol
M hn hp = mhn hp / n hn hp 28,2/ 0,6 = 47 = 14 n - 2 C n H2 n -2 ankin
n = 3,5 => Loi C v c 3 cht u c s C > 3,5 ; A, B tha mn nm gia => D
Cu 54: Hn hp X gm propin v mt ankin A c t l mol 1:1. Ly 0,3 mol X tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3
d thu c 46,2 gam kt ta. A l
A. But-1-in.
B. But-2-in.
C. Axetilen.
D. Pent-1-in.
n Propin = nA = 0,15 mol T l 1 :1 + nX = 0,3 mol
Xem li bi 43.
C3H4 ; CH3-CCH => CH3-CCAg
=> m kt ta to thnh do p A = 46,2 mCH3-CCAg = 46,2 0,15.147 = 24,15 g
=> M kt ta = 24,15/0,15 = 161 = MX + 107 TH1
=> MX = 54 = 14n 2 Ankin :CnH2n-2 n = 4 => C4H8 => A V tha mn iu kin to kt ta R CH
CHC-CH2-CH3 : but 1 in
Cu 55: Trong bnh kn cha hirocacbon X v hiro. Nung nng bnh n khi phn ng hon ton thu c kh Y
duy nht. cng nhit , p sut trong bnh trc khi nung nng gp 3 ln p sut trong bnh sau khi nung. t chy
mt lng Y thu c 8,8 gam CO2 v 5,4 gam nc. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H2.
B. C2H4.
C. C4H6.
D. C3H4.
nCO2 = 0,2 mol ; nH2O = 0,3 mol => Y cha ankan nH2O > nCO2
n = nCO2 / (nH2O nCO2) = 0,2 / (0,3 0,2) = 2 => C2H6 Kh Y kh duy nht
Ta c p sut trc = 3 p sut sau + cng nhit + bnh kn Th tch khng i
n hn hp trc = 3 n hn hp sau v n = P.V/T.0,082 M p xy ra hon ton thu c 1 sn phm => cc
cht tham gia p ht

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

Ch c Ankin : CnH2n- 2 + 2H2

=>
CnH2n+2 mi tha mn iu kin v
xmol => 2x mol
=>
x mol
n trc = nCnH2n-2 + nH2 = 3x ; n sau = x => n trc = 3n sau
m n = 2 => C2H2 => A
Cu 56: t chy hon ton mt ankin X th kh thu c H2O v CO2 c tng khi lng l 23 gam. Nu cho sn
phm chy i qua dung dich Ca(OH)2 d, c 40 gam kt ta. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H4.
B. C2H2.
C. C4H6.
D. C5H8.
nCO2 = nCaCO3 kt ta = 0,4 mol => mCO2 = 0,4.44= 17,6 g => nCO2 = 0,4 mol
mH2O = 23 17,6 = 5,4 g => nH2O = 0,3 mol
=> n = nCO2 / (nCO2 nH2O) CnH2n-2Oz = 0,4 / (0,4 0,3) = 4 => C4H6
Cu 57: t chy hon ton 5,4 gam mt hirocacbon A ri cho sn phm chy i qua bnh 1 ng dd H2SO4 c, d;
bnh 2 ng dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh 1 tng 5,4 gam; bnh 2 tng 17,6 gam. A l cht no trong
nhng cht sau ? (A khng tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3)
A. But-1-in.
B. But-2-in.
C. Buta-1,3-ien.
D. B hoc C.
Xem li phn chuyn 1 => cho vo H2SO4 => m tng = mH2O = 5,4 g => nH2O = 0,3 mol
Cho vo Ba(OH)2 => m tng = mCO2 = 17,6 g => nCO2 = 0,4 mol
n = nCO2 / (nCO2 nH2O) = 4 => C4H6
Da vo A khng tc dng vi dd AgNO3/NH3 => Loi A v A c dng CHC-CH2-CH3 c lin kt 3 u
mch => c p ; B , C khng p B c khng u mch . C c 2 lin kt i
=>D
Cu 58: Hn hp X gm C2H2 v H2 ly cng s mol. Ly mt lng hn hp X cho i qua cht xc tc thch hp,
un nng c hn hp Y gm 4 cht. Dn Y qua bnh ng nc brom thy khi lung bnh tng 10,8 gam v thot
ra 4,48 lt kh Z (ktc) c t khi so vi H2 l 8. Th tch O2 (ktc) cn t chy hon ton hn hp Y l
A. 33,6 lt.
B. 22,4 lt.
C. 16,8 lt.
D. 44,8 lt.
Y gm 4 cht => C2H2(d) ; C2H4 ; C2H6 ; H2
m bnh tng = mC2H2 + mC2H4 = 10,8g v C2H2 v C2H4 b Br2 hp th
=> KH thot ra l AnkanC2H6 + H2 c m = M . n hn hp Z = 8.2.0,2 = 3,2 g
BT khi lng => mC2H2 + mH2 = m hn hp Y = 10,8 + 3,2 = 14 g
Ta c nC2H2 = nH2 => 26x + 2x = 14 x = 0,5 = nC2H2 = nH2
VO2 cn t chy hn hp Y = VO2 cn t chy hn hp X Quy i hn hp v CxHy v thnh phn hn hp
ch c C , H
nO2 = (2 + 2/4).nC2H2 + nH2 /2 = 3nH2 = 1,5 mol => V = 33,6 lt
P : C2H2 + 3/2O2 => 2CO2 + H2O ; 2H2 + O2 => 2H2O
Cu 59: Cho 17,92 lt hn hp X gm 3 hirocacbon kh l ankan, anken v ankin ly theo t l mol 1:1:2 li qua bnh
ng dd AgNO3/NH3 ly d thu c 96 gam kt ta v hn hp kh Y cn li. t chy hon ton hn hp Y thu
c 13,44 lt CO2. Bit th tch o ktc. Khi lng ca X l
A. 19,2 gam.
B. 1,92 gam.
C. 3,84 gam.
D. 38,4 gam.
T l 1 : 1 : 2 => chn x l mol Ankan => x l mol anken ; 2x l mol ankin
x + x + 2x = n hn hp X = 0,8 mol x = 0,2 mol => nAkan = nAnken = 0,2 ; n Ankin = 0,4 mol
CH c Ankin mi p vi AgNO3/NH3
M kt ta = 96/nankin = 240 = MX + 214 TH2 Xem li bi 43 MX = 26 = 14n 2 n = 2 : C2H2
t Y thu c 13,44 lt CO2 => BT nguyn t C CnH2n+2 ankan ; CmH2m anken
n . nAnkan + m. nanken = nCO2 0,2n + 0,2m = 0,6 n + m = 3
Ta lun c m 2 Anken=> n = 1 v m = 2 Duy nht => CH4 v C2H4
hn hp X c 0,2 mol CH4 ; 0,2 mol C2H4 v 0,4 mol C2H2
m hn hp = 19,2 g =>A
Cu 60: Mt hn hp gm 2 ankin khi t chy cho ra 13,2 gam CO2 v 3,6 gam H2O. Tnh khi lng brom c th
cng vo hn hp trn
A. 16 gam.
B. 24 gam.
C. 32 gam.
D. 4 gam.
nAnkin = nCO2 nH2O = 0,3 0,2 = 0,1 mol => nBr2 = 2nAnkin = 0,2 mol => m = 32 g => C
Cu 61: Cho canxi cacbua k thut (ch cha 80% CaC2 nguyn cht) vo nc d, th thu c 3,36 lt kh (ktc).
Khi lng canxi cacbua k thut dng l
A. 9,6 gam.
B. 4,8 gam
C. 4,6 gam.
D. 12 gam
P : SGK 11 nc 178 : CaC2 + 2H2O => C2H2 + Ca(OH)2

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- 21 -

CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

nC2H2 = 3,36 / 22,4 = 0,15 mol Kh = nCaC2 => mPT CaC2 = 0,15.64 = 9,6 g
=> m thc t = mPT .100% / 80% = 9,6.100% / 80 = 12 g =>D
Cu 62: C 20 gam mt mu CaC2 (c ln tp cht tr) tc dng vi nc thu c 7,4 lt kh axetilen (20 oC,
740mmHg). Cho rng phn ng xy ra hon ton. tinh khit ca mu CaC2 l
A. 64%.
B. 96%.
C. 84%.
D. 48%.
Ta c 1atm = 760 mmHg => 740 mm Hg =0,9736 atm
nC2H2 = P.V/T.0,082 = 0,9736.7,4 / ((20 + 273).0,082) n = 0,3 mol = nCaC2 PT bi 61
mPT CaC2 = 0,3.64 = 19,2 g => tinh khit = mPT / mBan u = 19,2 .100%/ 20 = 96%
Cu 63: Cho hn hp X gm CH4, C2H4 v C2H2. Ly 8,6 gam X tc dng ht vi dung dch brom (d) th khi lng
brom phn ng l 48 gam. Mt khc, nu cho 13,44 lt ( ktc) hn hp kh X tc dng vi lng d dung dch
AgNO3 trong NH3, thu c 36 gam kt ta. Phn trm th tch ca CH4 c trong X l
A. 40%.
B. 20%.
C. 25%.
D. 50%.
Gi x , y , z ln lt l s mol CH4 , C2H4 , C2H2
=> 16x + 28y + 26z = 8,6
(I)
P vi Br2 d => nC2H4 + 2nC2H2 = nBr2 y + 2z = 0,3mol (II)
Vi 13,44 lt (ktc) => n hn hp = nCH4 + C2H4 + nC2H2 = 0,6
n C2H2 = nKet tua AgCCAg = 0,15 mol
=> nC2H2 / n hn hp = z / (x + y + z) = 1 /4 x + y 3z = 0 (III) Phi chia tm ra t l v 13,44 lt khng phi
ca 8,6 g
Gii h I , II , III => x = 0,2 ; y = z = 0,1 => %VCH4 = nCH4 / n hn hp = x .100%/ (x + y + z) = 0,2 / 0,4 = 50%
Cu 64: Hn hp kh X gm anken M v ankin N c cng s nguyn t cacbon trong phn t. Hn hp X c khi
lng 12,4 gam v th tch 6,72 lt ( ktc). S mol, cng thc phn t ca M v N ln lt l
A. 0,1 mol C2H4 v 0,2 mol C2H2.
B. 0,1 mol C3H6 v 0,2 mol C3H4.
C. 0,2 mol C2H4 v 0,1 mol C2H2.
D. 0,2 mol C3H6 v 0,1 mol C3H4.
Cch 1 : th p n => D tha mn
Cch 2 :
Ta c M = m / n = 12,4 / 0,3 = 41,33 = 12x + y => x = 3 => y = 5,33 => loi A v B v c 3 C
=> Th 1 trong 2 p n B v D . Xt B sai => D ng
Cu 65: Trong mt binh kin cha hirocacbon A th khi (kt) va O2 (d). Bt tia la in t chay ht A a hn
hp v iu kin ban u trong o % th tich cua CO 2 va hi nc ln lt la 30% va 20%. Cng thc phn t cua A
va % th tich ca hirocacbon A trong hn hp la
A. C3H4 va 10%.
B. C3H4 va 90%.
C. C3H8 va 20%.
D. C4H6 va 30%.
Tao c %CO2 = 30% ; %H2O = 20% => Cn li 50% ca O2 v O2 d
T l % theo th tch = t l s mol => chn nCO2 = 3 mol => nH2O = 2 mol => nO2 d = 5 mol
T l nCO2 / nH2O = 3 /2 => chn nCO2 = 3 ; nH2O = 2 => n = nCO2 / (nCO2 nH2O) = 3 => C3H4 V nCO2 >
nH2O => CnH2n-2
nC3H4 = nCO2 / 2 = 1 mol ; BTNT oxi : 2nO2 = 2nCO2 + nH2O = 2.3 + 2 nO2 p = 4 mol
mol hn hp ban u = nC3H4 + nO2 p + nO2 d = 1 + 4 + 5 = 10 mol
=> %VC3H4 A hn hp = nC3H4 / n hn hp = 1 / 10 = 10% => A
Cu 66: t chy hon ton 1 lt hn hp kh gm C2H2 v hirocacbon X sinh ra 2 lt kh CO2 v 2 lt hi H2O (cc
th tch kh v hi o trong cng iu kin nhit v p sut). Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H4.
B. CH4.
C. C2H6.
D. C3H8.
Cch 1 th p n
T l th tch = t l s mol
1 mol hn hp C2H2 v X => 2 mol CO2 + 2molH2O
p n => B,C,D u c dng CnH2n+2 => Xt X l CnH2n+2
Gi x , y ln lt l nC2H2 v CnH2n+2
x+y=1;
(1)
2x + ny = nCO2 = 2 BTNT C
(2)
2x + y(2n+2) = 2nH2O = 4 BTNT H
2(x+y) + 2ny = 4
(3)
Th 1 vo 3 ta c ny = 1 => th vo 2 => x = 0,5 th vo 1 => y = 0,5
x = y = 0,5 th vo 2 => n = 2 => C2H6 => C
Cu 67: Hn hp X c t khi so vi H 2 l 21 gm propan, propen v propin. Khi t chy hon ton 0,1 mol X, tng
khi lng ca CO2 v H2O thu c l

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CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

A. 18,60 gam.
B. 18,96 gam.
C. 20,40 gam.
D. 16,80 gam.
Tng t 1 bi lm ri => Propan C3H8 Propen C3H6 Propin C3H4 => u c 3C
=> Gi CT chung : C3Hy Ta c M = 21.2 = 42 = 12.3 + y => y = 6
=> CT : C3H6 +O2 => 3CO2 + 3H2O
0,1mol
0,3mol 0,3mol => m = 0,3.44 + 0,3.18 = 18,6 g => A
Cu 68: Cho s chuyn ha: CH4 C2H2 C2H3Cl PVC. tng hp 250 kg PVC theo s trn th cn
V m3 kh thin nhin ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l (bit CH4 chim 80% th tch kh thin nhin v hiu sut ca c qu
trnh l 50%)
A. 224,0.
B. 448,0.
C. 286,7.
D. 358,4.
PVC : C2H3Cl ; BT NT C => nCH4 = 2nC2H3Cl = 2. 4 = 8 mol
=> n kh thin nhin = nCH4 . 100% / 80% = 10 mol => V = 224 lt => B
Cu 69: un nng hn hp kh gm 0,06 mol C2H2 v 0,04 mol H2 vi xc tc Ni, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp
kh Y. Dn ton b hn hp Y li t t qua bnh ng dung dch brom (d) th cn li 0,448 lt hn hp kh Z ( ktc)
c t khi so vi O2 l 0,5. Khi lng bnh dung dch brom tng l
A. 1,20 gam.
B. 1,04 gam.
C. 1,64 gam.
D. 1,32 gam.
Bo ton khi lng => m trc = m sau mC2H2 + mH2 = m bnh tng + mZ V m hn hp ban u = m hn hp
Y v m hn hp Y = m anken, ankin nu c cho vo dd Br2 + m hn hp Z bay ra
0,06.26 + 2. 0,04 = m bnh tng + 32.0,5.0,02 m bnh tng = 1,32 g => D
Cu 70: t chy hon ton m gam hirocacbon th kh, mch h, nng hn khng kh thu c 7,04 gam CO2. Sc
m gam hirocacbon ny vo nc brom d n khi phn ng hon ton, thy c 25,6 gam brom phn ng. Gi tr ca
m l
A. 2 gam.
B. 4 gam.
C. 10 gam
D. 2,08 gam
nCO2 = 0,16 = x .nCxHy BT NT C
Gi k l s lin kt pi trong hidrocacbon => k .nCxHy = nBr2 nCxHy = 0,16 / k th vo trn ta c
0,16 = x. 0,16 / k x = k
CT tng qut : CnH2n + 2 2k Ta c n = k => CnH2
Ta c hidrocacbon nng hn khng kh => 12n + 2 > 29 => n > 2,25
Ta c m = (12n+2).0,16/n
V th kh => C2 C4 => s C = 2 4
Ta c n > 2,25 => n = 3 v n = 4
Xt n = 3 => C3H2 Khng th vit c => Loi hoc vi k = 3 => n 4
=> n = 4 => m = (12.4+2).0,16 / 4 = 2 g => A
Cu 71: t chy hon ton m gam hirocacbon th kh, mch h thu c 7,04 gam CO2. Sc m gam hirocacbon
ny vo nc brom d n khi phn ng hon ton, thy c 25,6 gam brom phn ng. Gi tr ca m l
A. 2 gam.
B. 4 gam.
C. 2,08 gam.
D. A hoc C.
Ging bi 71 ch khng c nng hn khng kh
Ta vn c m = (12n+2).0,16/n
Xt n = 2 => m = 2,08 ; xt n = 4 => m = 2 g => D
V C bin thin t 2 => 4 v n = 3 khng c => ch c n =2 v n = 4
Cu 72: Dn V lt ( ktc) hh X gm axetilen v hiro i qua ng s ng bt niken nung nng, thu c kh Y. Dn
Y vo lng d AgNO3 trong dd NH3 thu c 12 gam kt ta. Kh i ra khi dung dch phn ng va vi 16 gam
brom v cn li kh Z. t chy hon ton kh Z c 2,24 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 4,5 gam H2O. Gi tr ca V bng
A. 11,2.
B. 13,44.
C. 5,60.
D. 8,96.
Y vn cn C2H2 d v Y p vi AgNO3 / NH3 => AgCCAg => nC2H2 d = nAgCCAg = 0,05 mol ;
Kh i ra khi bnh p vi Br2 => C2H4 To thnh => nC2H4 = nBr2 = 0,1 mol
t kh Z => t C2H6Ankan + H2 dNu c => nC2H6 = nCO2 / 2 = 0,05 molBTNT C
nH2O to thnh t C2H6 => 6nC2H6 = 2nH2O BTNT H => nH2O = 0,15 mol
nH2 d = nH2O to thnh nH2O to thnh t C2H6 = 0,25 0,15 = 0,1 nH2 = nH2O BTNT H2
Ta c cht ban u : C2H2 ; H2 => Cht sau p hn hp Y gm 0,05 mol C2H2 d ; 0,1 mol C2H4 ; 0,05 mol C2H6
v 0,1 mol H2 d
BTNT C => 2nC2H2 = 2nC2H2 d + 2nC2H4 + 2nC2H6 nC2H2 = nC2H2 d + nC2H4 + nC2H6
= 0,05 + 0,1 + 0,05 = 0,2 mol
BTNT H => 2nC2H2 + 2nH2 = 2nC2H2 d + 4nC2H4 + 6nC2H6 + 2nH2 d
2. 0,2 + 2nH2 = 2.0,05 + 4.0,1 + 6.0,05 + 2.0,1 nH2 = 0,3 mol => n hn hp X = nC2H2 + nH2 = 0,2 + 0,3 =
0,5 mol => V = 11,2 lt

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- 23 -

CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

Cu 73: Cho 4,48 lt hn hp X (ktc) gm 2 hirocacbon mch h li t t qua bnh cha 1,4 lt dung dch Br 2 0,5M.
Sau khi p hon ton, s mol Br2 gim i mt na v m bnh tng thm 6,7 gam. CTPT ca 2 hirocacbon l
A. C3H4 v C4H8. B. C2H2 v C3H8.
C. C2H2 v C4H8.
D. C2H2 v C4H6.
T p n => hidrocabon => 1 ankin v 1 anken
Mol Br2 gim 1 na => P 1 na ; m bnh tng = m hn hp V c 2 cht u p
Gi x , y l s mol Ankin v anken => n hn hp = x + y = 0,2 mol
nBr2 p = 2x + y = 0,35 1 na x = 0,15 ; y = 0,05 => Th p n : MA . 0,15 + MB .0,05 = 6,7
=> C tha mn c MA = MC2H2 = 26 ; MB = MC4H8 = 56
Gi CT ankin : CnH2n-2 ; CT anken : CmH2m
m hn hp = (14n 2) . 0,15 + 14m.0,05 = 6,7 3n + m = 10 => n < 10/3 => n = 2 v n = 3
Xt n = 2 => m = 4 => C tha mn
Xt n = 3 => m = 1 Khng c CH2 => Loi
C
Cu 74: Dn 1,68 lt hn hp kh X gm hai hirocacbon vo bnh ng dd brom (d). Sau khi phn ng hon ton,
c 4 gam brom phn ng v cn li 1,12 lt kh. Nu t chy hon ton 1,68 lt X th sinh ra 2,8 lt kh CO 2 (ktc).
CTPT ca hai hirocacbon l
A. CH4 v C2H4.
B. CH4 v C3H4.
C. CH4 v C3H6.
D. C2H6 v C3H6.
p n => 1 ankan Hoc da vo 1,12 lt kh khng p => V ankan = 1,12 => nCnH2n+2 = 0,05 mol
V cht cn li = 1,68 1,12 = 0,56 mol => n cht = 0,025 = nBr2 4 g Br2 p => Cht l anken :CnH2n
nAnkan = 0,05 ; nAnken = 0,025 ; Gi CT an kan : CnH2n+2 ; anken : CmH2m
t to ra CO2 => BTNT C => n.nCnH2n+2 + m.nCmH2m = nCO2 n.0,05 + m.0,025 = 0,125
2n + m = 5 n < 5/2 => n = 1 v n = 2
Xt n = 1 => m = 3 =>C tha mn
Xt n = 2 => m = 1 Loi v khng c cht CH2 => Loi
=> C
Cu 75: t chy hon ton hn hp M gm mt ankan X v mt ankin Y, thu c s mol CO 2 bng s mol H2O.
Thnh phn % v s mol ca X v Y trong hn hp M ln lt l
A. 35% v 65%.
B. 75% v 25%.
C. 20% v 80%.
D. 50% v 50%.
Gi X : CnH2n+2 ; Y : CmH2n-2 ; gi x , y l s mol X v Y
BTNT C => x.n + y.m = nCO2
BTNT H => (2n+2).x + (2n-2)y = 2nH2O (n+1)x + (n-1)y = nH2O
Ta c nCO2 = nH2O x.n + y.m = (n + 1)x + (n-1)y x y = 0 x= y => % mi cht = 50%
Cu 76: t chy hon ton 20,0 ml hn hp X gm C3H6, CH4, CO (th tch CO gp hai ln th tch CH4), thu c
24,0 ml CO2 (cc kh o cng iu kin to, p). T khi ca X so vi kh hiro l
A. 25,8.
B. 12,9.
C. 22,2.
D. 11,1.
T l th tch = t l s mol => 20mol hn hp X => 24 mol CO2
Gi x , y ln lt l s mol C3H6 , CH4 => nCO = 2y VCO gp 2 ln VCH4
n hn hp = nC3H6 + nCH4 + nCO = x + y + 2y = x + 3y = 20
BTNT C => 3nC3H6 + nCH4 + nCO = nCO2 3x + y + 2y = 24 3x+ 3y = 24
Gii h => x = 2 ; y = 6 => m hn hp = 2.42 + 6.16 + 12.28 = 516 g => M hh X = 516/20 = 25,8
T khi vi H2 = 12,9
Nu khng lm c c th m thy A v B gp i nhau ; C v D gp i nhau
B v D kh nng ng cao hn hay cho la khng tnh t khi
Tng kh nng ng.
Cu 77: Mt hn hp X gm 1 ankan A v 1 ankin B c cng s nguyn t cacbon. Trn X vi H 2 c hn hp
Y. Khi cho Y qua Pt nung nng th thu c kh Z c t khi i vi CO 2 bng 1 (phn ng cng H2 hon ton). Bit
rng VX = 6,72 lt v VH = 4,48 lt. CTPT v s mol A, B trong hn hp X l (Cc th tch kh o kc)
A. 0,1 mol C2H6 v 0,2 mol C2H2.
B. 0,1 mol C3H8 v 0,2 mol C3H4.
C. 0,2 mol C2H6 v 0,1 mol C2H2.
D. 0,2 mol C3H8 v 0,1 mol C3H4.
2

Cu 78: Mt hn hp X gm C2H2, C3H6, CH4. t chy hon ton 11t hn hp X thu c 12,6 gam H2O. Nu cho
11,2 lt hn hp X (ktc) qua dung dch brom d thy c 100 gam brom phn ng. Thnh phn % th tch ca X ln
lt l
A. 50%; 25% ; 25%.
B. 25% ; 25; 50%.
C.16% ; 32; 52%.
D. 33,33%; 33,33; 33,33%.

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- 24 -

CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

Cu 79: Dn 4,032 lt (ktc) hn hp kh A gm C2H2, C2H4, CH4 ln lt qua bnh 1 cha dung dc AgNO3 trong
NH3 ri qua bnh 2 cha dung dch Br2 d trong CCl4. bnh 1 c 7,2 gam kt ta. Khi lng bnh 2 tng thm 1,68
gam. Th tch (ktc) hn hp A ln lt l:
A. 0,672 lt; 1,344 lt; 2,016 lt.
B. 0,672 lt; 0,672 lt; 2,688 lt.
C. 2,016; 0,896 lt; 1,12 lt.
D. 1,344 lt; 2,016 lt; 0,672 lt.
Cu 80: X, Y, Z l 3 hirocacbon th kh trong iu kin thng, khi phn hu mi cht X, Y, Z u to ra C v H 2,
th tch H2 lun gp 3 ln th tch hirocacbon b phn hu v X, Y, Z khng phi l dng phn. CTPT ca 3 cht l
A. C2H6 ,C3H6 C4H6.
B. C2H2 ,C3H4 C4H6.
C. CH4 ,C2H4 C3H4.
D. CH4 ,C2H6 C3H8.
Cu 81: Hn hp X gm 0,1 mol C2H2; 0,15 mol C2H4 ; 0,2 mol C2H6 v 0,3 mol H2. un nng X vi bt Ni xc tc 1
thi gian c hn hp Y. t chy hon ton hn hp Y c s gam CO2 v H2O ln lt l
A. 39,6 v 23,4. B. 3,96 v 3,35.
C. 39,6 v 46,8. D. 39,6 v 11,6.
Cu 82: Hn hp ban u gm 1 ankin, 1 anken, 1 ankan v H 2 vi p sut 4 atm. un nng bnh vi Ni xc tc
thc hin phn ng cng sau a bnh v nhit ban u c hn hp Y, p sut hn hp Y l 3 atm. T khi
hn hp X v Y so vi H2 ln lt l 24 v x. Gi tr ca x l
A. 18.
B. 34.
C. 24.
D. 32.
Cu 83: Hn hp A gm H2, C3H8, C3H4. Cho t t 12 lt A qua bt Ni xc tc. Sau phn ng c 6 lt kh duy nht
(cc kh o cng iu kin). T khi hi ca A so vi H2 l
A. 11.
B. 22.
C. 26.
D. 13.
Cu 84: un nng hn hp X gm 0,1 mol C3H4 ; 0,2 mol C2H4 ; 0,35 mol H2 vi bt Ni xc tc c hn hp Y. Dn
ton b Y qua bnh ng dung dch KMnO 4 d, thy thot ra 6,72 l hn hp kh Z (ktc) c t khi so vi H 2 l 12.
Bnh ng dung dch KMnO4 tng s gam l:
A. 17,2.
B. 9,6.
C. 7,2.
D. 3,1.
Cu 85: t chy m gam hn hp C2H6, C3H4, C3H8, C4H10 c 35,2 gam CO2 v 21,6 gam H2O. Gi tr ca m l
A. 14,4.
B. 10,8.
C. 12.
D. 56,8.
Cu 86: t chy 1 hirocacbon A c 22,4 lt kh CO2 (ktc) v 27 gam H2O. Th tch O2 (ktc) (l) tham gia phn
ng l:
A. 24,8.
B. 45,3.
C. 39,2.
D. 51,2.
Cu 87: Mt hn hp X gm 1 ankin v H 2 c V = 8,96 lt (kc) v mX = 4,6 gam. Cho hn hp X i qua Ni nung
nng, phn ng hon ton cho ra hn hp kh Y, c t khi

= 2. S mol H2 phn ng; khi lng; CTPT ca

ankin l
A. 0,16 mol; 3,6 gam; C2H2.
B. 0,2 mol; 4 gam; C3H4.
C. 0,2 mol; 4 gam; C2H2.
D. 0,3 mol; 2 gam; C3H4.
Cu 88: t chy mt hirocacbon M thu c s mol nc bng s mol CO 2 v s mol CO2 nh hn hoc bng 5
ln s mol M. Xc nh CTPT v CTCT ca M bit rng M cho kt ta vi dung dch AgNO3/NH3.
A. C4H6 v CH3CH2C CH.
B. C4H6 v CH2=C=CHCH3.
C. C3H4 v CH3C CH.
D. C4H6 v CH3C CCH3.

CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

BI TP V ANKEN
1C
11C
21A
31B
41A
51D
61C
71B
81B

2C
12B
22C
32D
42B
52A
62B
72A
82B

3B
13A
23C
33C
43C
53A
63D
73A
83B

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4C
14D
24B
34D
44D
54C
64A
74B
84D

5D
15C
25D
35A
45D
55A
65C
75C
85D

6D
16A
26A
36A
46A
56D
66C
76C

- 25 -

7C
17A
27D
37B
47B
57C
67D
77A

8C
18B
28B
38C
48AB
58C
68A
78C

9D
19C
29A
39B
49A
59A
69A
79A

10D
20C
30D
40B
50D
60A
70A
80D

CHUYN 3 :

HIROCACBON KHNG NO

BI TP V ANKAIEN -TECPEN - ANKIN

1D
11C
21B
31B
41C
51C
61D
71D
81A

2B
12C
22C
32B
42C
52C
62B
72A
82D

3D
13C
23D
33D
43D
53D
63D
73C
83A

4C
14A
24C
34C
44A
54A
64D
74C
84D

5A
15A
25C
35B
45D
55A
65B
75D
85C

6D
16B
26B
36C
46C
56C
66C
76B
86C

7A
17A
27B
37C
47B
57D
67A
77D
87B

8B
18D
28B
38C
48D
58A
68B
78A
88A

9C
19B
29A
39C
49C
59A
69D
79A

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Bn c cho kin v cu . Mnh v mt s ngi s xem li.
Cm n bn gip .
Chc bn thnh cng.

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- 26 -

10A
20D
30B
40C
50D
60C
70A
80A