Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

Tun : 5
Ngay soan: 02/10/2007
Tit : 15
Bai 9 :
BANG TUN HOAN CAC NGUYN T HOA HOC
I. MUC TIU BAI HOC
1. V kin thc
Hiu c:
-Nguyn tc sp xp cac nguyn t trong bang tun hoan .
-Cu tao cua bang tun hoan :,chu ki,nhom nguyn t ,cac nguyn t ho Lantan,ho Actini.
2. Ki nng
T vi tri trong bang tun hoan cua nguyn t (, nhom ,chu ki)suy ra cu hinh electron nguyn t va ngc lai .
3. Thai
II. CHUN BI
III. PHNG PHAP DAY HOC CHU YU
Phng phap din giang , am thoai gi m kt hp vi s dung cac dung day hoc trc quan.
IV. THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
1. n nh v T Chc Lp Hc
2. Kim Tra Bi C
3. Vo Bi Mi :
Hoat ng Cua GV
Hoat ng 1
Nm 1860 nha bac hoc ngi
Nga Men-e-l-ep a xut y
tng xy dng bang tun
hoan cac nguyn t hoa hoc
.Nm 1869 , ng cng b ban
bang tun hoan cac nguyn t
hoa hoc
1870 nha khoa hoc ngi c
Lothar Mayer nghin cu c
lp cung a ra mt bang tun
hoan cac nguyn t hoa hoc
tng t nh bang cua Mene-l-ep.
Hoat ng 2 :gv a ra bang
tun hoan va hng dn hoc
sinh tim ra nguyn tc sp
xp .
Hoat ng 3: gv a ra bang
ve trang 33 SGK cho hoc sinh
va hng dn hoc sinh xac
inh cac d kin trn nguyn
t . vd : Al ,gv goi hoc sinh xac
inh :
. S hiu nguyn t :
.ki hiu hoa hoc :
.nguyn t khi :
. m in
.cu hinh e

Hoat ng Cua HS
Hoc sinh lng nghe.

GHI BANG
I. Nguyn tc sp xp cac nguyn t trong
bang tun hoan .
1. Cac nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu
tng dn cua in tich hat nhn nguyn t .
2. Cac nguyn t co cung s lp electron
trong nguyn t c xp thanh mt hang .
3. Cac nguyn t co s electron hoa tri trong
nguyn t c xp thanh mt ct.

II. Cu tao cua bang tun hoan cac nguyn

t hoa hoc .
1. nguyn t
Hoc sinh da vao bang tun * nguyn t : la mi nguyn t hoa hoc
hoan nhn ra 3 nguyn tc
c xp vao mt cua bang tun hoan .
- nguyn t cho bit : S hiu nguyn t , ki
hiu hoa hoc ,
S h i n u g un t y
N g nu t y k h i
t r u nb n gh
K h i u 1 3 2 6 , 9 8
h h a c
m i n
1 , 6 1
N hm
T n n g un t y [ N ] e3 2 3s 1 p C hun h e l e c t r o n
S o xh y a
+ 3

+ S hiu nguyn t : 13 +ki

A l
hiu hoa hoc : Al
+nguyn t khi : 26,9
+ m in : 1,61
+cu hinh e1s22s22p63s23p1
+s oxh : 3
Vd : stt = 13 => + S hiu nguyn t : 13, ki
hiu hoa hoc : Al , nguyn t khi : 26,98 ,
Hoc sinh nhn xet s lp m in : 1,61 , cu hinh e :
electron cua cac nguyn t 1s22s22p63s23p1 , s oxh : 3
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Hoat ng 4: gv a bang 5
sgk cho hoc sinh xac inh s
lp electron cua cac nguyn t
tng chu ki .
Goi hoc sinh rut ra khi nim
tng chu ki
-Gv cho hoc sinh xac inh cac
nguyn t trong chu ki 1 7 .
-GV gii thiu khi qut t chu
k 1 n chu k 7, c bit lu
chu k 2 v 3 vi nhng c
im cn bn m HS s phi s
dng nhiu.
Chu k 2 gm 8 nguyn t bt
u l liti (Z=3) v kt thc l
neon (Z=10).
Nguyn t ca cc nguyn
t ny c 2 lp electron: lp K
(gm 2 electron) v lp L. S
electron ca lp L tng dn t
1 liti n ti a l 8 neon,
khi lp electron ngoi cng
bo ha.

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

cung chu ki .
Rut ra khai nim v chu ki

2. Chu ki
* chu ki : la day cac nguyn t ma nguyn t
cua chung co cung s lp electron , c xp
theo chiu THN tng dn.

Cac nhom thao lun va cho

Stt cua chu ki = s lp e trong nguyn t
bit cac nguyn t trong
tng chu ki .
* Chu ki nao cung bt u bng mt kim loai
kim va kt thuc bng mt khi him (tr chu
ki 1 la chu ki c bit ) .
+ Chu ki 1 : gm 2 nguyn t bt u H (Z=1)
kt thuc la He(Z= 2)
+ Chu ki 2 : gm 8 nguyn t bt u Li
(Z=3) kt thuc la Ne(Z= 10)
+ Chu ki 3 : gm 8 nguyn t bt u Na
(Z=11) kt thuc la Ar(Z= 18)
+ Chu ki 4 : gm 18 nguyn t bt u K
(Z=19) kt thuc la Kr(Z=36)
+ Chu ki 5 : gm 18 nguyn t bt u Rb
(Z=37) kt thuc la Xe(Z= 54)
+ Chu ki 6 : gm 32 nguyn t bt u Cs
(Z=55) kt thuc la Rn(Z= 86)
+ Chu ki 7 : Cha hoan thanh .
* Lu :
- Cc chu k 1,2 v 3 l cc chu k nh .
Chu k 3 gm 8 nguyn t bt
- Cc chu k 4,5,6 v 7 l cc chu k ln .
u t natri (Z=11) v kt thc
l agon (Z=18).
Nguyn t ca cc nguyn
t ny c 3 lp electron: lp K
(2 electron), lp L (8 electron)
v lp M. S electron ca lp
M tng t 1 n 8 khi Z tng t
11 n 18. Lp electron ngoi
cng t ti kin trc vng bn
nh ca nguyn t kh him
agon.
Bai tp trc nghim:
Cu 1 : Cac nguyn t xp chu ki 6 co s lp electron trong nguyn t la :
A.6
B.5
C. 3
D.7
Cu 2 :S nguyn t trong chu ki 3 va chu ki 5 la:
A.8 va 18
B.18 va 8
C. 8 va 8
D.18 va 18
Cu 3 :Trong bang tun hoan cac nguyn t ,s chu ki nho va chu ki ln la
A.3 va 4
B.3 va 3
C. 4 va 3
D.4 va 4
Cu 4 :Trong bang tun hoan , cac nguyn t c sp xp theo nguyn tc nao ?
A.Theo chiu tng cua in tich hat nhn
B. Cac nguyn t co cung s lp electron trong nguyn t c xp thanh mt hang
C. cac nguyn t cung s electron hoa tri trong nguyn t c xp thanh 1 ct.
D. Ca A,B,C .
Bai tp v nha:
1 n 8 trang 39
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

Dn do : V nha oc phn bai cn li .

4. Rt kinh nghim:
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................

Tun : 6
Ngay soan: 02/10/2007
Tit : 16
Bai 9 :
BANG TUN HOAN CAC NGUYN T HOA HOC
I. MUC TIU BAI HOC
1. V kin thc
Hiu c:
-Nguyn tc sp xp cac nguyn t trong bang tun hoan .
-Cu tao cua bang tun hoan :,chu ki,nhom nguyn t ,cac nguyn t ho Lantan,ho Actini.
2. Ki nng
T vi tri trong bang tun hoan cua nguyn t (, nhom ,chu ki)suy ra cu hinh electron nguyn t va ngc lai .
3. Thai
II. CHUN BI
III. PHNG PHAP DAY HOC CHU YU
Phng phap din giang , am thoai gi m kt hp vi s dung cac dung day hoc trc quan.
IV. THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
1. n nh v T Chc Lp Hc
2. Kim Tra Bi C
3. Vo Bi Mi :
Hoat ng Cua GV
Hoat ng Cua HS
Hoat ng 1:gv a ra bang 5
sgk va yu cu :
-Nhn xet cu hinh electron Co dang : ns1; ns2; ns2np1.
lp ngoai cung nhom IA , IIA,
IIIA.
-S electron lp ngoai cung .
Co 1,2,3 electron .
Cho bit kn nhom nguyn t ? Nhom nguyn t : gm cac
nguyn t co cu hinh
electron nguyn t lp ngoai
cung tng t nhau , do o
co tinh cht hoa hoc gn
Da vao bang tun hoan ta ging nhau va c xp
thy co 2 loai nhom : A va B.
thanh mt ct .
Hoat ng 2:
Cho bit nhom A gm bao gm 8 nhom c anh s
nhiu nhom ? Ki hiu nhom A. t IA -> VIIIA
-Nhom A : bao gm cac
nguyn t s va cac nguyn t p + Nguyn t s : la cac
- Gv goi hoc sinh cho bit th nguyn t ma nguyn t co
nao la nguyn t s,p.
electron cui cung c
Stt cua nhom = s e lp ngoai in vao phn lp s.

GHI BANG
3. Nhom nguyn t
* Nhom nguyn t : l tp hp cac nguyn t
m nguyn t co cu hinh electron nguyn t
lp ngoai cung tng t nhau , do o co tinh
cht hoa hoc gn ging nhau va c xp
thanh mt ct .
-Co 2 loai nhom : Nhom A va Nhom B.

a. Nhom A : gm 8 nhom c anh s t IA

-> VIIIA
-Nhom A : bao gm cac nguyn t s va cac
nguyn t p
+ Nguyn t s : la cac nguyn t ma nguyn
t co electron cht cung c in vao phn
lp s . (Khi cc nguyn t s gm cc nguyn
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

cung cua cac nguyn t trong + Nguyn t p : la cac

nhom .
nguyn t ma nguyn t co
electron cui cung c
in vao phn lp p.

t nhm IA , IIA .)
+ Nguyn t p : la cac nguyn t ma nguyn
t co electron cht cung c in vao phn
lp p.
Vd : Na(Z=11) :1s22s22p63s1
Mg(Z=12) :1s22s22p63s2
Stt cua nhom = s e lp ngoai cung cua
cac nguyn t trong nhom .

Hoat ng 3:
Cho bit nhom B gm bao
nhiu nhom ? Ki hiu nhom B.
Nhom B : bao gm cac nguyn
t d va cac nguyn t f
- Gv goi hoc sinh cho bit th
nao la nguyn t d, f.

Vd: Na thuc nhom IA

Mg thuc nhom IIA
-Nhom A co ca cac nguyn t thuc chu ki
nho va chu ki ln .
b. Nhom B: gm 8 nhom c anh s ( bng
ch la ma )t IIIB -> VIIIB ri ti IB va IIB .
-Nhom B : bao gm cac nguyn t d va cac
nguyn t f
+ Nguyn t d: la cac nguyn t ma nguyn
t co electron cht cung c in vao phn
lp d.
+ Nguyn t f: la cac nguyn t ma nguyn t
co electron cht cung c in vao phn lp
f.
Vd: Fe(Z=26) :1s22s22p63s13p63d64s2
Cu(Z=29) : 1s22s22p63s13p63d104s1
Stt cua nhom B = tng s e 2 phn
lp ngoai cung

Stt cua nhom B = tng s e 2

phn lp ngoai cung

gm 8 nhom c anh s
( bng ch la ma )t IIIB ->
VIIIB ri ti IB va IIB .
+ Nguyn t d: la cac
nguyn t ma nguyn t co
electron cui cung c
in vao phn lp d.
+ Nguyn t f: la cac
nguyn t ma nguyn t co
electron cui cung c
in vao phn lp f.

Hoat ng 4: gv hng dn
hoc sinh xac inh vi tri nguyn
t trn bang tun hoan .
Mg , Al ,P, Fe, Ni
-Stt : 12;chu ki :3;Nhom
:IIA
-Stt : 13;chu ki :3;Nhom
:IIIA
-Stt : 15;chu ki :3;Nhom
:VA
-Stt : 26;chu ki :4;Nhom
Gv goi hoc sinh xac inh cu :VIIIB
hinh e y u.
-Cho nguyn t Y thuc chu
ki 4 nhom IIA . Vit cu hinh
electron y u cua X.
Hoat ng 5: cung c
+ thuc chu ki 4 => co 4 lp

Vd: Fe thuc nhom VIIB

Cu thuc nhom IB
-Nhom B gm cac nguyn t thuc chu ki
ln .
Nhom B c goi la cac nguyn t chuyn
tip .
Ap Dung:
-Cho Na co cu hinh la : 1s22s22p63s1.Xac
inh vi tri cua nguyn t Na trn bang tun
hoan .
Giai
-Stt : 11
-chu ki :3
-Nhom :IA
16
14
27
30
56
64
Vd : 8 O ; 7 N ; 13 Al ; 15 P ; 26 Fe ; 29 Cu .
Hay xac inh vi tri cac nguyn t trn bang
tun hoan .
-Cho nguyn t X thuc chu ki 3 nhom
IIA . Vit cu hinh electron y u cua X.
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

electron .
+Nhom IIA => co 2 electron
lp ngoai cung
+Cu hinh electron lp
ngoai cung la : 4s2
+Cu hinh electron y u :
1s22s22p63s23p64s2

+ thuc chu ki 3 => co 3 lp electron .

+Nhom IIA => co 2 electron lp ngoai cung
+Cu hinh electron lp ngoai cung la : 3s2
+Cu hinh electron y u : 1s22s22p63s2.

Bai tp trc nghim:

Cu 1 : C, N, O ln lt thuc nhom IVA,VA,VIA.Vy s electron ngoai cung la :
A.4,5,6
B.5,6,7
C. 6,7,8
D.6,5,6
Cu 2 :Tim cu sai trong cac cu sau y
A. Bang tun hoan gm co cac nguyn t ,cac chu ki va cac nhom .
B. Chu ki la day cac nguyn t ma nguyn t cua chung co cung co cung s lp electron , c xp theo chiu
in tich hat nhn tng dn .
C. Bang tun hoan co 7 chu ki .S th t cua chu ki bng s phn lp electron trong nguyn t .
D. Bang tun hoan co 8 nhom A va 8 nhom B.
30
Cu 3 :Vi tri cua 15 P trn bang tun hoan la :
A. sst : 15 ; chu ki 3 ; nhom VA.
B. sst : 15 ; chu ki 2 ; nhom VA.
C. sst : 15 ; chu ki 4 ; nhom VIA.
D. sst : 15 ; chu ki 3 ; nhom VIA.
Cu 4 :Nguyn t X thuc chu ki 3 , nhom IIA. Vy cu hinh electron cua X la :
A. 1s22s22p63s1 B. 1s22s22p63s2
C. 1s22s22p6
D.1s22s22p63s23p2
Bai tp v nha: 2.1 n 2.7 trang 14 SBT
Dn do : V nha oc trc bai : S BIN I TUN HOAN CU HINH ELECTRON
NGUYN T CUA CAC NGUYN T HOA HOC v tr li cc cu hi sau :
4. Rt kinh nghim:
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................

Tun : 6
Tit : 17
Bai 10 :

Ngay soan: 22/9/2007

S BIN I TUN HOAN CU HINH ELECTRON NGUYN T

CUA CAC NGUYN T HOA HOC

I. MUC TIU BAI HOC

1. V kin thc
Hiu c:
-c im cua electron lp ngoai cung cua nguyn t cac nguyn t nhom A.
-S bin i tun hoan cu hinh electron lp ngoai cung cua nguyn t cac nguyn t trong chu ki .
-S bin i tun hoan cu hinh electron nguyn t cac nguyn t chinh la nguyn nhn cua s bin i tun
hoan v tinh cht cac nguyn t
Bit dc ;c im cu hinh electron hoa tri cua nguyn t cac nguyn t nhom B.
2. Ki nng
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

-Da vao cu hinh electron nguyn t cua cac nguyn t nhom A , suy ra cu tao nguyn t ,c im cu hinh
electron lp ngoai cung .
-Da vao cu hinh electron ,xac inh nguyn t s,p,d,f
3. Thai
II. CHUN BI
III. PHNG PHAP DAY HOC CHU YU
Phng phap din giang , am thoai gi m kt hp vi s dung cac dung day hoc trc quan.
IV. THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
1. n nh v T Chc Lp Hc
2. Kim Tra Bi C
Cu 1 : Mt nguyn t chu k 3 , nhm VA ca bng tun hon .
a. nguyn t ca nguyn t c bao nhiu electron lp ngoi cng ? ( 5 electron )
b. nguyn t ca nguyn t c bao nhiu lp electron ? ( 3 lp electron )
c. Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t nguyn t ? ( 1s22s22p63s23p3 )
Cu 2 : Mt nguyn t chu k 4 . nhm IIA ca bng tun hon (cu hi nh bi 3)
3. Vo Bi Mi :
Hoat ng Cua GV
Hot ng 1 : Gv s dng hnh 2.0 hc
sinh nhn thy c s bin i tun
hon cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng .
Nhm

IA

IIA

IIIA

IVA

VA

VIA

VIIA

VIIIA

Chu
k

Li

Be

Hoat ng Cua HS

Ne

Cu
hnh
electron

- Gv nhn xt kt qu cc nhm , sa
cha sai st rt kinh nghim .
Hot ng 2 : T cu hnh electron
nguyn t hy nhn xt cu hnh electron
lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t cc nguyn
t theo chu k , theo nhm
- Gv cht li :
+ nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trong
cng mt nhm c s electron lp ngoi
cng bng nhau v bng s th t ca
nhm . chnh l nguyn nhn lm cho
cc nguyn t trong cng mt nhm c
tnh cht ha hc tng t nhau .
+Sau mi chu k , cu hnh electron lp
ngoi cng ca nguyn t cc nguyn t
nhm A c lp li . chnh l
nguyn nhn ca s bin i tun hon
tnh cht cc nguyn t .
Hot ng 3 : GV rn luyn cho hc sinh
vit cu hnh electron cc nguyn t
nhm B v cch xc nh STT ca cc
nguyn t nhm B .

Hc sinh hot ng
nhm v trnh by ln
bng
Cc nhm nhn xt ln
nhau

Hc sinh nhn xt v s
bin i cu hnh
electron lp ngoi cng
theo nhm , chu k

Hc sinh lng nghe v

ghi

- Hc sinh xc nh v

GHI BANG
I.
CU
HNH
ELECTRON
NGUYN T CA CC NGUYN
T NHM A
- Nguyn t ca cc nguyn t nhm A
c s electron lp ngoi cng bng
nhau = STT ca nhm => nguyn nhn
ca s ging nhau v tnh cht ha hc
ca cc nguyn t trong mt nhm A .
- STT ca nhm = s electron ha tr =
s electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn
t nguyn t
- Sau mi chu k , cu hnh electron lp
ngoi cng ca nguyn t nguyn t
nhm A c lp i lp li , ta ni rng
chng bin i tun hon .
Kt lun : S bin i tun hon v
cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca
nguyn t cc nguyn t khi in tch
ht nhn tng dn chnh l nguyn
nhn ca s bin i tun hon v tnh
cht ca cc nguyn t .
II . CU HNH ELECTRON
NGUYN T CA CC NGUYN
T NHM B
- Cc nguyn t nhm B u thuc chu
k ln . Chng l cc nguyn t d v
nguyn t f , cn c gi cc kim loi
chuyn tip .
- Cu hnh electron nguyn t ca cc
nguyn t ny thng c dng : (n-1)da
ns2 .
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

- Da vo BTH , hc sinh nhn xt v tr tr ca nguyn t nhm a l s electron c in vo ( 1 10 )

cc nguyn t nhm B trong bng tun B trong bng tun hon Ni chung , cc nguyn t d v f c s
hon .
- hc sinh vit cu hnh electron ha tr nm lp ngoi cng
- Gv yu cu hc sinh vit cu hnh electron
hoc c phn lp phn lp st lp
electron nguyn t ca 1 s nguyn t c
ngoi cng cha bo ha , khi phn lp
Z = 22 , 25 , 30 . T nhn xt v c
st ngoi cng bo ha th s
im xy dng v nguyn t ca cc
electron ha tr c tnh theo s
nguyn t nhm B . Lu mt s trng
electron lp ngoi cng .
hp c bit , nh nguyn t Cr ( Z = 24 )
t S = a + 2
, Cu ( Z = 29 ) trng hp ny c s
+ Nu S 8 th S = STT nhm .
chuyn 1 electron phn lp ns vo phn
+ Nu S = 8 , 9 , 10 th nguyn t
lp (n-1)d nhanh chng t cu hnh
nhm VIIIB .
bng bo ha hoc na bo ha .
+ Nu S = 11 th nguyn t nhm IB .
- Gv thng bo cho hc sinh v s
+ Nu S = 12 th nguyn t nhm
electron ha tr ca nguyn t cc nguyn Hc sinh lm cc cu IIB .
t nhm B
hi trc nghim .
Hot ng 4 : Cng c bi
Cng c :
Cu 1 : in vo du 3 chm nhng t v cm t thch hp :
- S th t ca chu k trng vi ca nguyn t trong chu k .
- Trong mi chu k , s electron tng dn
Cu 2 : Mnh no sau y khng ng ?
a. nguyn t ca cc nguyn t trong cng 1 nhm A bao gi cng c s electron lp ngoi cng bng nhau .
b. STT ca nhm = s electron lp ngoi cn ca nguyn t nguyn t trong nhm .
c. Cc nguyn t trong cng 1 nhm c tnh cht ha hc tng t nhau .
d. Trong 1 nhm , nguyn t ca 2 nguyn t thuc hai chu k lin tip hn km nhau 1 lp electron .
e. Tnh cht ha hc ca cc nguyn t trong cng 1 nhm A bin i tun hon .
Cu 3 : Mt nguyn t chu k 3 , nhm VA ca bng tun hon .
a. nguyn t ca nguyn t c bao nhiu electron lp ngoi cng ? ( 5 electron )
b. nguyn t ca nguyn t c bao nhiu lp electron ? ( 3 lp electron )
c. Vit cu hnh electron ca nguyn t nguyn t ? ( 1s22s22p63s23p3 )
Cu 4 : Mt nguyn t chu k 4 . nhm IIA ca bng tun hon (cu hi nh bi 3)
Cu 5 : S bin thin tnh cht ca cc nguyn t thuc chu k sau li c lp li ging nh chu k
trc l do
A. s lp li tnh kim loi ca cc nguyn t chu k sau so vi chu k trc .
B. s lp li tnh phi kim ca cc nguyn t chu k sau so vi chu k trc .
C. s lp li cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng ca nguyn t cc nguyn t chu k sau so vi chu k trc .
B. s lp li tnh cht ha hc ca cc nguyn t chu k sau so vi chu k trc .
Hy chn p n ng .
Bai tp v nha: 1,2,3,4,5,6 SGK trang 44 .
2.9 ; 2.10 ; 2.12 ; 2.13 SBT .
Dn do : V nha oc trc bai : S BIN I MT S AI LNG VT LY CUA CAC
NGUYN T HOA HOC v tr li cu hi sau :
+ Th no l nng lng ion ha , m in ca nguyn t cc nguyn t ? Quy lut bin i cc i lng
vt l ny trong bng tun hon nh th no ?
4. Rt kinh nghim:
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Tun : 6
Tit : 18
Bai 11 :

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

Ngay soan: 22/9/2007

S BIN I MT S AI LNG VT LY CUA CAC NGUYN

T HOA HOC

I. MUC TIU BAI HOC

1. V kin thc
Bit khai nim va qui lut bin i tun hoan cua ban kinh nguyn t ,nng lng ,nng lng ion hoa , m
in trong chu ki ,trong nhom A.
2. Ki nng
Da vao qui lut chung ,suy oan c s bin thin tinh cht c ban cua nguyn t trong chu ki (Nhom A) cu
th ,thi du s bin thin v : m in ,ban kinh nguyn t ,nng lng ion hoa t nht .
3. Thai
II. CHUN BI
III. PHNG PHAP DAY HOC CHU YU
Phng phap din giang , am thoai gi m kt hp vi s dung cac dung day hoc trc quan.
IV. THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
1. n nh v T Chc Lp Hc
2. Kim Tra Bi C
3. Vo Bi Mi :
Hoat ng Cua GV
Hot ng 1 : Gv cho hc sinh
nghin cu hnh 2.1 tm ra
quy lut bin i bn knh
nguyn t ca cc nguyn t
theo chu k v nhm .
- Gv chia hc sinh 6 nhm
gii thch quy lut bin i
theo chu k v nhm
- Gv t cu hi : Ti sao trong
chu k v nhm A th THN
u tng nhng s bin i bn
knh khc nhau ?
Gv gii thch thm : trong
nhm A do s lp electron
tng (chim u th)

Hoat ng Cua HS
Hc sinh nhn hnh nu qui
lut bin i theo chu k v
nhm A
Hc sinh tho lun nhm v
phn gii thch s bin i
bn knh nguyn t theo chu
k v nhm v trnh by ln
bng .
Cc nhm khc nhn xt
Hc sinh c SGK
+ Trong chu k : cng s lp
electron khi THN tng ,
lc ht gia ht nhn vi
cc vi cc electron lp
ngoi cng cng tng theo
=> bn knh nguyn t ni
chung gim .
+ trong 1 nhm , Mc d
THN tng nhanh nhng s
lp electron tng dn chim
u th => bn knh nguyn
t ca cc nguyn t tng
Kt lun : Bn knh nguyn
t ca cc nguyn t nhm
A bin i tun hon theo

GHI BANG
I. BN KNH NGUYN T
Bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t nhm
A bin i tun hon theo chiu tng ca in
tch ht nhn
- Trong cng mt chu k , theo chiu tng ca
in tch ht nhn bn knh nguyn t ca cc
nguyn t ni chung gim .
Gii thch : khi THN tng , lc ht gia ht
nhn vi cc vi cc electron lp ngoi cng
cng tng theo => bn knh nguyn t ni
chung gim .
- Trong mt nhm A , theo chiu t trn
xung di ( chiu THN tng ) bn knh
nguyn t ca cc nguyn t tng .
Gii thch : Mc d THN tng nhanh nhng
s lp electron tng dn => bn knh nguyn
t ca cc nguyn t tng .

Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Hot ng 2 : Gv din ging

cho hc sinh bit khi nim
v nng lng ion ha :
- Gv cho hc sinh lm v d :
H H+ + 1e phi yn nng
lng bng 1312 kJ/mol .
T hnh thnh khi nim v
nng lng ion ha cho hc
sinh .
- GV b sung : Ngoi ra ,
chng ta c nng lng ion
ha th 2 , 3 c k hiu I2 , I3
l nng lng cn thit tch
ht electron th 2 , 3 v gi tr
ca chng ln hn nng lng
ion ha th nht .
I1 < I2 < I3
Gv s dng bng 2.2 v hnh
2.2
- cho hc sinh nu qui lut
bin i trong chu k , nhm A
- Gv a ra cu hi : Cho bit
nng lng ion ha I1 (kJ/mol )
ca nguyn t mt s nguyn
t sau : IAl = 578 ; ISi = 786 ; IP
= 1012
Nguyn t nguyn t no d
tch electron nht ? kh tch
electron nht ? gii thch

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

chiu tng ca in tch ht
nhn
- hc sinh lm theo hng II. NNG LNG ION HA
dn ca GV
1. Khi nim : Nng lng ion ha th nht (
I1) ca nguyn t l nng lng ti thiu cn
Hc sinh c khi nim tch electron th nht ra khi nguyn t
SGK .
trng thi c bn .
Nng lng ion ha c tnh bng kJ/mol .
* Ngoi ra , chng ta c nng lng ion ha
th 2 , 3 c k hiu I2 , I3 v gi tr ca
chng ln hn nng lng ion ha th nht .
I 1 < I 2 < I3

Hc sinh nu qui lut

Hc sinh tr li :
- d tch nht l : Al
- Kh tch nht : P
Nguyn t Al d tch
electron nht v tch
electron ra khi nguyn t
cn tiu tn t nng lng
nht ; cn nguyn t P kh
tch electron nht v tch
- GV nhn mnh : electron lin electron ra khi nguyn t
kt cng yu vi ht nhn cng cn tiu tn nhiu nng
d tch ra khi nguyn t . lng nht .
Nguyn t cng d tch
electron , nng lng ion ha
cng thp .
Hot ng 3 : Da vo quy
lut bin i bn knh hy cho
bit
- u chu k
+ Trong mt chu k , nguyn t - cui chu k
nguyn t no d tch electron
nht ? kh tch electron nht ?
gii thch . T suy ra quy
lut bin i nng lng ion
ha trong mt chu k .
+ Trong mt nhm A , nguyn Cui nhm

2. S bin i nng lng ion ha th nht

ca nguyn t cc nguyn t nhm A
- Trong mt chu k , theo chiu tng ca
THN , lc lin kt gia ht nhn v electron
lp ngoi cng tng , lm cho nng lng ion
ha ni chung cng tng theo .
- Trong cng mt nhm A , theo chiu tng
ca THN , khang cch gia electron lp
ngoi cng n ht nhn tng , lc lin kt
gia electron lp ngoi cng v ht nhn gim
, do nng lng ion ha ni chung gim .
VD : hnh 2.2 SGK
Vy : Nng lng ion ha th nht ca
nguyn t cc nguyn t nhm A bin i
tun hon theo chiu tng ca ca THN .

Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

t nguyn t no d tch
electron nht ? kh tch
electron nht ? gii thch . T
suy ra quy lut bin i
nng lng ion ha trong mt
nhm A .
- GV chia nhm cho hc sinh
tho lun gii thch qui lut
bin i .
Hot ng 4 : Gv din ging
nu khi nim m in
- GV b sung : Thang m
in ny ca Pauling : Cn c
m in ca F (3,98) so
snh vi cc nguyn t khc
tnh m in ca chng .

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

u nhm
Hc sinh c trong SGK

Hc sinh tho lun nhm

gii thch s bin i theo
chu k , nhm A .
III . M IN
1. Khi nim
m in ca mt nguyn t c trng cho
kh nng ht electron ca nguyn t nguyn
t khi to thnh lin kt ha hc .
*Lu : m in ca nguyn t cc
nguyn t cng ln th tnh phi kim ca
nguyn t cng mnh v ngc li .
2. S bin i m in ca nguyn t
cc nguyn t nhm A .
Hc sinh nu qui lut bin - Trong mt chu k , theo chiu tng dn ca
i .
ca THN , m in ca nguyn t cc
Hc sinh tho lun nhm nguyn t thng tng dn .
gii thch qui lut bin i - Trong cng mt nhm A , theo chiu tng
.
ca THN , m in ca nguyn t cac
nguyn t thng gim dn .
Vy : m in ca nguyn t cc nguyn
t nhm A bin i tun hon theo chiu tng
ca in tch ht nhn .

Hot ng 5 : Gv s dng bng

2.3 v hnh 2.3
- hc sinh nn qui lut bin
i trong chu k v nhm .
- Gv chia hc sinh ra cc
nhm tho lun gii thch qui
lut
Cng c :
1. Trong mt chu k , theo chiu tng ca THN bn knh nguyn t cc nguyn t bin i nh th no ? v
d .
2. Trong mt nhm A , theo chiu tng ca THN ( i t trn xung ) bn knh nguyn t cc nguyn t bin
i nh th no ? v d .
3. Nguyn t nguyn t no c bn knh nguyn t ln nht ? c gi tr m in ln nht ?
4. Tng t bn i m in , nng lng ion ha trong chu k v nhm A
Bai tp trc nghim:
Cu 1 : Trong mt chu k , bn knh nguyn t cc nguyn t
A. tng theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn .
B. gim theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn .
C. gim theo chiu tng ca m in .
D. C B v C
Cu 2 : Trong mt nhm A , bn knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn t
A. tng theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn .
B. gim theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn .
C. tng theo chiu gim ca m in .
D. C A v C
Cu 3 : m in c trng cho kh nng
A. ht electron ca nguyn t trong phn t .
B. nhng electron ca nguyn t ny cho nguyn t khc .
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

C. tham gia phn ng mnh hay yu .

D. nhng proton ca nguyn t ny cho nguyn t khc .
Bai tp v nha: 2.14 ; 2.15 SBT v
Dn do : V nha oc trc bai : S BIN I TINH KIM LOAI , TINH PHI KIM LOAI CUA CAC
NGUYN T HOA HOC .INH LUT TUN HOAN v tr li cu hi sau :
+ Hiu c tnh kim loi , phi kim v quy lut bin i tnh kim loi , tnh phi kim ca cc nguyn t trong
bng tun hon .
+ Hiu c quy lut bin i ha tr , tnh axit baz ca oxit v hidroxit ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun
hon .
+ Hiu c ni dung nh lut tun hon .
4. Rt kinh nghim:
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................

Tun : 7
Ngay soan: 06/10/2007
Tit : 19
Bai 12 : S BIN I TINH KIM LOAI , TINH PHI KIM LOAI CUA CAC NGUYN

T HOA HOC .INH LUT TUN HOAN

I. MUC TIU BAI HOC
1. V kin thc
-Hiu c :khai nim va quy lut bin i tinh kim loai ,tinh phi kim trong mt chu ki ,trong mt nhomA.
-Hiu c s bin i hoa tri cua cac nguyn t vi hiro va hoa tri cao nht vi oxi cua cac nguyn t trong
mt chu ki .
2. Ki nng
-Da vao quy lut chung ,suy oan s bin thin tinh cht c ban trong chu ki (nhom A) cu th ,thi du s bin
thin v tnh kim loi , phi kim
+Hoa tri cao nht cua nguyn t vi oxi va hoa tri vi hiro.
+Tinh kim loai , tinh phi kim.
3. Thai
II. CHUN BI
III. PHNG PHAP DAY HOC CHU YU
Phng phap din giang , am thoai gi m kt hp vi s dung cac dung day hoc trc quan.
IV. THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
1. n nh v T Chc Lp Hc
2. Kim Tra Bi C
Cu 1 :Th no l nng lng ion ha , m in ca nguyn t cc nguyn t ? Quy lut bin i cc i
bn knh , nng lng ion ha , m in trong bng tun hon nh th no (theo chu k v nhm) ?
Cu 2 : So snh bn knh ca : P , Na , K , Si , Cl .
3. Vo Bi Mi :
Hoat ng Cua GV
Hoat ng Cua HS
GHI BANG
Hot ng 1:
Tm hiu trong SGK, tr I. S BIN I TNH KIM LOI , TNH
GV gii thch cho HS v tnh li theo yu cu ca GV
PHI KIM CA CC NGUYN T .
kim loi v tnh phi kim, sau
1.TNH KIM LOI, PHI KIM
HS nghin cu SGK
- Tnh kim loi: l tnh cht ca mt nguyn t
cng c hai khi nim ny
m nguyn t ca n d nhng electron tr
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

cho ng.
thnh ion dng.
- Tm ranh gii ca cc Tng HS pht biu trc Nguyn t ca nguyn t no cng d nhng
nguyn t kim loi , phi kim lp
electron th tnh kim loi ca nguyn t cng
trong bng tun hon cc
mnh
nguyn t ha hc .
- Tnh phi kim : l tnh cht ca mt nguyn t
m nguyn t ca n d nhn thm electron
tr thnh ion m.
Tho lun nhm, pht biu Nguyn t ca nguyn t no cng d cng d
qui lut
nhn electron th tnh phi kim ca nguyn t
cng mnh.
Hot ng 2:
2.S bin i tnh kim loi , tnh phi kim .
GV v HS tho lun v s Tho lun rt ra cc - S bin i tnh kim loi , phi kim trong
bin i tnh kim loi, tnh im chung, c kt thnh mt chu k .
phi kim trong chu k theo qui lut. i din nhm Trong mi chu k, theo chiu tng ca in tch
chiu in tch ht nhn tng pht biu.
ht nhn, tnh kim loi ca cc nguyn t gim
dn.
-HS so snh chu k 2 v 3 dn, ng thi tnh phi kim tng dn
GV cho HS c SGK m t thy c s bin i Gii thch :
s bin i tnh cht kim loi, tun hon
Trong mt chu k, theo chiu tng ca THN
phi kim trong chu k 3 tr
(t tri sang phi) th nng lng ion ha ,
li cu hi:
m in tng dn ng thi bn knh nguyn t
Trong mi chu k ca
gim dn lm cho kh nng nhng electron
bng tun hon, theo chiu -Tnh kim loi tng, tnh gim nn tnh kim loi gim , kh nng nhn
tng ca in tch ht nhn, phi kim gim t trn xung electron tng , nn tnh phi kim tng .
tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim ca trong cng 1 nhm A
- S bin i tnh kim loi , phi kim trong
nguyn t bin i th no?
mt nhm A
GV tng hp kin pht biu
Trong mt nhm A, theo chiu tng ca in
ca HS, b sung nhng cn
tch ht nhn tnh kim loi ca cc nguyn t
thiu ri cho hc sinh c
tng dn, ng thi tnh phi kim gim dn.
SGK c khi nim ng
Gii thch :
ng thi lu quy lut trn
Trong mt nhm A , theo chiu tng ca THN
c lp li i vi mi chu
(i t trn xung) th nng lng ion ha ,
k.
m in gim dn ng thi bn knh nguyn t
Phn gii thch s bin i
tng nhanh lm cho kh nng nhng electron
tnh kim loi , tnh phi kim
tng , nn tnh kim loi tng , kh nng nhn
trong chu k theo chiu in
electron gim , nn tnh phi kim gim .
tch ht nhn tng dn da
vo bn knh nguyn t do
GV dng hnh 2.1 trong SGK
trnh by.
Hot ng 3. GV v HS, Kh nng nhng e:
dng hnh 2.1 trong SGK -D: nguyn t u chu k
tho lun v s bin i tnh -Kh: nguyn t cui chu
kim loi, tnh phi kim trong k
mt nhm A , u tin l
nhm IA, sau l nhm -D: nguyn t trn nhm
-Kh: nguyn t di
VIIA.
GV tng hp kin pht biu nhm
ca HS, b sung nhng cn
thiu ri kt lun : Trong mt
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

nhm A, i t trn xung

di, tnh kim loi ca cc
nguyn t mnh dn, ng
thi tnh phi kim yu dn ,
GV lu quy lut trn c
lp li i vi nhm A khc.
GV dng hnh 2.1 trong SGK
gii thch quy lut ny.
II . S BIN I V HA TR CA CC
Hot ng 4
NGUYN T.
GV cng c phn th nht :
Trong mt chu k , i t tri sang phi , ha tr
Tnh kim loi , tnh phi kim
cao nht ca cc nguyn t i vi oxy tng ln
ca cc nguyn t bin i
lt t 1 n 7 , cn ha tr vi hidro ca cc
tun hon tho chiu tng ca
phi kim gim t 4 n 1.
in tch ht nhn.
Ha tr tng dn
Hot ng 5
GV hng dn HS dng bng
2.4 trong SGK nghin cu
tr li cu hi sau : Nhn vo
bng bin i ha tr ca cc
nguyn t chu k 3 trong oxit
cao nht, trong hp cht kh
vi hiro, em pht hin ra quy
lut bin i g theo chiu
in tch ht nhn tng dn ?
T GV gip HS rt ra
nhn xt : Trong chu k 3 i
t tri sang phi, ha tr cao
nht ca cc nguyn t trong
hp cht vi oxi tng ln lt
t 1 n 7 cn ha tr ca cc
phi kim trong hp cht kh
vi hiro gim t 4 n 1.
Hot ng 6 : Cng c
Cng c :
1. Trong mt chu k , theo chiu tng ca THN tnh kim loi , phi kim nguyn t cc nguyn t bin i nh
th no ? v d .
2. Trong mt nhm A , theo chiu tng ca THN ( i t trn xung ) tnh kim loi , phi kim nguyn t cc
nguyn t bin i nh th no ? v d .
3. So snh tnh kim loi , phi kim ca cc nguyn t sau :
a. 11 Na ; 12 Mg ; 13 Al
b. 7 N ; 15 P ; 33 As
Bai tp trc nghim:
Cu 1 : Cho cc nguyn t sau : 11 Na ; 19 K ; 37 Rb ; 55 Cs . Hy sp xp tnh kim loi theo chiu tng dn
A. Na<K<Rb<Cs
B. Na>K>Rb>Cs
C. Cs>Rb>K>Na
D. Rb<Cs<K<Na
Cu 2 : Cho cc nguyn t sau : 11 Na ; 12 Mg ; 13 Al ; 14 Si . Hy sp xp tnh kim loi theo chiu tng dn
A. Na<Mg<Al<Si
B. Na>Mg>Al>Si
C. Si>Mg>Al>Na
D. Si<Al<Mg<Na
Cu 3: Mt nguyn t tao hp cht khi vi Hidro co cng thc RH3. Cng thc oxit cao nht tng ng la:
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

A. R2O5
B. RO2
C RO3
D. R2O7
Cu 4: Oxit cao nht cua mt nguyn t co cng thc RO3. Hp cht khi cua no vi hidro co cng thc.
A. RH4
B. RH
C. RH2
D. RH3
Bai tp v nha:
trang
Dn do : V nha oc trc bai : S BIN I TINH KIM LOAI , TINH PHI KIM LOAI CUA CAC
NGUYN T HOA HOC .INH LUT TUN HOAN v tr li cu hi sau :
+ Hiu c tnh kim loi , phi kim v quy lut bin i tnh kim loi , tnh phi kim ca cc nguyn t trong
bng tun hon .
+ Hiu c quy lut bin i ha tr , tnh axit baz ca oxit v hidroxit ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun
hon .
+ Hiu c ni dung nh lut tun hon .
4. Rt kinh nghim:
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................

Tun : 7
Tit : 20
Bai 12 :

Ngay soan: 06/10/2007

S BIN I TINH KIM LOAI , TINH PHI KIM LOAI CUA CAC
NGUYN T HOA HOC . INH LUT TUN HOAN

I. MUC TIU BAI HOC

1. V kin thc
- Bit c s bin i tinh axit ,baz cua cac oxit va hiroxit trong mt chu ki ,trong mt nhom A.
- Hiu c ni dung inh lut tun hoan .
2. Ki nng
-Da vao quy lut chung ,suy oan s bin thin tinh cht c ban trong chu ki (nhom A) cu th ,thi du s bin
thin v : tnh axit , baz .
-Vit c cng thc hoa hoc va chi ra tinh axit ,baz cua cac oxit va hiroxit tng ng.
3. Thai
II. CHUN BI
III. PHNG PHAP DAY HOC CHU YU
Phng phap din giang , am thoai gi m kt hp vi s dung cac dung day hoc trc quan.
IV. THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
1. n nh v T Chc Lp Hc
2. Kim Tra Bi C
Cu 1 : Tnh kim loi , phi kim l g ? Quy lut bin i tnh kim loi , tnh phi kim ca cc nguyn t trong
bng tun hon .
Cu 2 : Quy lut bin i ha tr ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon .
3. Vo Bi Mi :
Hoat ng Cua GV
Hot ng 1.GV gip HS
dng bng 2.5 trong SGK
( S bin i tnh axit-baz)
nhn xt v s bin i
ca oxit v hiroxit ca cc

Hoat ng Cua HS
GHI BANG
Hc sinh nghin cu v III. S BIN I TNH AXIT BAZ CA
rt ra : Tnh axit trong mt OXIT V HYDROXIT TNG NG .
chu k , nhm
S bin i tnh axit-baz
Tnh baz yu dn, tnh
Li O
BeO
BO
CO
NO
axit tng dn
2

Oxit

Oxit

Oxit axit

Oxit

Oxit

Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

nguyn t nhm A trong chu
k 3 theo chiu in tch ht
nhn tng dn.
GV B sung: Tnh cht
c lp li cc chu k sau.
Hot ng 2
GV tng : kt trn c s
kho st s bin i tun
hon ca cu hnh electron
nguyn t , bn knh nguyn
t, m in, tnh kim loi
v tinh phi kim ca cc
nguyn t ha hc bin i
theo chiu in tch ht nhn
tng, nhng khng lin tc
m tun hon.
GV hng dn hc sinh c
hiu v pht biu ng
inh lut tun hon v cc
nguyn t ha hc nh trong
SGK.
Hot ng 3 : Cng c

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

- Trong mt chu k, theo

chiu tng ca in tch
ht nhn, tnh baz ca
oxit v hyroxit tng
ng gim dn, ng thi
tnh axit ca chng cng
tng dn
- Trong mt nhm A ,
theo chiu tng ca in
tch ht nhn, tnh baz
ca oxit v hyroxit tng
ng tng dn, ng thi
tnh axit ca chng cng
gim dn

baz
LiOH
Baz
kim
Na2O

baz
Be(OH)2
Baz t
tan
MgO

Oxit
baz

Oxit
baz

NaOH

Mg(OH)2

Baz
kim

Baz t
tan

H2BO3
Axit yu
Al2O3
Oxit
lng
tnh
Al(OH)3
Hyroxit
lng
tnh

axit
H2CO3
axit
yu
SiO2

axit
HNO3
Axit
mnh
P2O5

SO3

Cl2O7

Oxit
axit

Oxit
axit

Oxit
axit

Oxit
axit

H2SiO3

H3PO4
Axit
trung
bnh

H2SO4

HClO4
Axit
rt
mnh

Axit
yu

Axit
mnh

- Trong mt chu k, theo chiu tng ca in tch

ht nhn, tnh baz ca oxit v hyroxit tng ng
gim dn, ng thi tnh axit ca chng cng tng
dn
- Trong mt nhm A , theo chiu tng ca in
tch ht nhn, tnh baz ca oxit v hyroxit tng
ng tng dn, ng thi tnh axit ca chng cng
gim dn
Nhn xt: Tnh axit - baz ca cc oxy v
hydroxit bin i tun hon theo chiu tng ca
Nghin cu thm pht in tch ht nhn.
hin cc trng hp IV.NH LUT TUN HON
khng theo qui lut chung
Tnh cht ca cc nguyn t v n cht
cng nh thnh phn v tnh cht ca cc hp cht
to nn t cc nguyn t bin i tun hon
theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn nguyn t.

Cng c :
1. Trong mt chu k , theo chiu tng ca THN tnh axit - baz nguyn t cc nguyn t bin i nh th
no ? v d .
2. Trong mt nhm A , theo chiu tng ca THN ( i t trn xung ) tnh axit - baz nguyn t cc nguyn t
bin i nh th no ? v d .
3. So snh tnh axit , baz
a. H2SO4 ; H2SeO4 ; H2TeO4 .
b. NaOH ; Al(OH)3 .
Bai tp trc nghim:
Cu 1:Cng thc hp cht khi gia N va H:
A. NH6
B.N3H
C.NH3
D.NH7
Cu 2: Cng thc oxit cao nht cua nguyn t R thuc nhom V la:
A. R2O2
B. RO4
C. R2O
D. R2O5
Bai tp v nha:
2.17 n 2.22 ( SBT) trang
Dn do : V nha oc trc bai : Y NGHIA CUA BANG TUN HOAN CAC NGUYN T HOA HOCv tr
li cc cu hi sau :
+ V tr ca mt nguyn t ha hc trong bng tun hon cho ta nhng thng tin g v nguyn t .
+ Khi bit s hiu nguyn t ca mt nguyn t , ta c th suy ra v tr ca n trong bng tun hon c
khng ?
4. Rt kinh nghim:
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................

Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Tun : 7
Tit : 21
Bai 13 :

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

Ngay soan: 06/10/2007

Y NGHIA CUA BANG TUN HOAN CAC NGUYN T

HOA HOC

I. MUC TIU BAI HOC

1. V kin thc
Hiu c :
-Mi quan h gia vi tri cac nguyn t trong bang tun hoan vi cu tao nguyn t ,vi tinh cht c ban cua
nguyn t ,vi thanh phn va tinh cht cua n cht va hp cht.
-Mi quan h gia tinh cht cua mt nguyn t vi cac nguyn t ln cn.
2. Ki nng
T vi tri ( nguyn t) trong bang tun hoan cac nguyn t ,suy ra:
-Cu hinh electron nguyn t .
-Tinh cht hoa hoc c ban cua n cht va hp cht cua nguyn t o .
-So sanh tinh kim loai ,tinh phi kim cua nguyn t o vi cac nguyn t laan cn.
3. Thai
II. CHUN BI
III. PHNG PHAP DAY HOC CHU YU
Phng phap din giang , am thoai gi m kt hp vi s dung cac dung day hoc trc quan.
IV. THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
1. n nh v T Chc Lp Hc
2. Kim Tra Bi C
Cu 1 : Trnh bi s bin i tnh axit baz theo chu k v nhm A .
Cu 2 : So snh tnh baz ca : NaOH , Mg(OH)2 , KOH , Al(OH)3 .
3. Vo Bi Mi :
Hoat ng Cua GV
Hot ng 1:
GV t vn : Bit v tr ca
mt nguyn t trong bng tun
hon, c th suy ra cu to
nguyn t ca nguyn t c
khng? Th d: Nguyn t K
c s th t l 19, thuc chu k
4, nhm 1A, v tr ny gip ta
bit c g v cu to nguyn
t ca n.
HS trnh by phng hng
gii quyt:
Bit s th t ca nguyn
t th suy ra c: s n v
in tch ht nhn, tng s p,
tng s e.
Bit s th t ca chu k
th suy ra c: s lp
electron.
Bit s th t ca nhm A
th suy ra c: s electron lp
ngoi cng hay s electron ha

Hoat ng Cua HS
C 3 yu t:
-S th t nguyn t
-S th t chu k
-S th t nhm A

GHI BANG
I-QUAN H GIA V TR V CU TO
NGUYN T
- Bit v tr ca mt nguyn t trong bng
tun hon , c th suy ra cu to nguyn t
ca nguyn t v ngc li .
V t r m n
b n gt
- S t h t c
- S t h t c
- S t h t c

C 3 yu t:

tg un ty t r o n g
u h n no
n a g un ty
c a h k u
na h A m

t uo n g un ty

- S p r o st o en l , e c t r o n
- S l pe l e c t r o n
- S e l e c l t r npo gn i oc n g

- Cc th d :
+ th d 1 : Nguyn t K c STT l 19 , chu k
4 , nhm IA .
S proton = s electron = 19
S lp electron = 4
S electron lp ngoi cng = 1
+ th d 2 : Nguyn t S c cu hnh electron
1s22s22p63s23p4 .
STT ca nguyn t l : 19
STT chu k l : 3
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

tr.
HS gii quyt vn :
S th t 19 s n v
in tch ht nhn 19 19
proton 19 electron.
Chu k 4 c 4 lp
electron.
Nhm 1A c 1 electron
ngoi cng.
HS t mnh ng dng s
trn gii quyt cc vn
tng t.
Hot ng 2:
GV t vn : Cho cu hnh
electron nguyn t ca mt
nguyn t l 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p4.
Xc nh v tr ca nguyn t
trn trong bng tun hon:
HS trnh by phng hng
gii quyt:
T cu hnh tng s e
s th t ca nguyn t.
T cu hnh nguyn t s
hoc p thuc nhm A.
T cu hnh s e ngoi
cng s th t ca nhm.
T cu hnh s lp e s
th t ca chu k.
HS gii quyt vn :
Tng s e l 16 s th t
ca nguyn t l 16.
Nguyn t p thuc nhm
A.
6e ngoi cng nhm VIA.
3 lp e chu k 3.
HS t mnh ng dng s
trn gii quyt cc vn
tng t.

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

-S proton, s e
-S lp e
-S e lp ngoi cng

STT nhm A : VIA

II-QUAN H GIA V TR V TNH

CHT CA NGUYN T .
Bit v tr ca 1 nguyn t trong BTH, c th
suy ra nhng tnh cht ha hc c bn ca n:
-Tnh kim loi, tnh phi kim: nguyn t cc
nhm IA, IIA, IIIA c tnh kim loi (tr H v
B); nguyn t cc nhm VA, VIA, VIIA c
tnh phi kim. (tr Sb, Bi, Po)
-Ha tr cao nht ca nguyn t vi oxi, cng
thc oxit cao nht v hidroxit tng ng .
-Ha tr ca nguyn t vi hidro, cng thc
hp cht kh vi H (nu c).
-Cng thc hydroxit c tnh axit hay baz .
V d: Nguyn t S th 16, thuc chu k
3, nhm VIA c:
-Ha tr cao nht vi oxi l 6, cng thc oxit
cao nht l SO3, SO3 l oxit axit
-Ha tr trong hp cht vi H l 2, cng thc
-S th t = s proton (s hp cht kh vi H l H2S
n v in tch ht nhn) = -Hydroxit tng ng l H2SO4, l mt axit
s e
mnh.
-S th t chu k = s lp e
-S th t nhm A = s e
lp ngoi cng (s e ha tr)
III-SO SNH TNH CHT HA HC
CA MT NGUYN T VI CC
NGUYN T LN CN
Da vo quy lut bin i tnh cht ca cc
Nghin cu SGK, tho lun, nguyn t trong BTH c th so snh tnh cht
trnh by phng hng gii ha hc ca 1 nguyn t vi cc nguyn t ln
quyt:
cn.
T v tr ca nguyn t trong V d: So snh cc tnh cht c bn ca cc
bng tun hon c th suy nguyn t Si, P, S, Ni, As:
ra:
-Trong cng chu k 3, theo chiu tng in
Nguyn t thuc nhm IA, tch ht nhn, ta c dy Si, P, S c tnh phi
IIA, IIIA c tnh kim loi kim tng dn. Vy P c tnh phi kim mnh
(tr B v H).
hn Si v yu hn S.
Hot ng 3:
Nguyn
t
thuc
nhm
-Trong cng nhm VA, theo chiu tng in
GV cng c quan h gia v tr
VA,
VIA,
VIIA
c
tnh
phi
tch ht nhn ta c dy N, P, As c tnh phi
ca nguyn t trong bng tun
kim
(tr
SB,
Bi,
Po).
kim gim dn. Vy P c tnh phi kim km hn
hon vi cu to nguyn t ca
Ha
tr
cao
nht
ca
N v mnh hn As.
n trong s sau:
nguyn t trong hp cht
vi oxi, ha tr ca nguyn
V tr ca mt
ngun t trong
t trong hp cht vi hiro.
Cu to ngun t
BTH ():
-S proton, s
Cng thc oxit cao nht.
-S th t ca
electron
nguyn t
-S th t ca chu
k
-S th t ca
nhm A

-S lp electron
-S electron lp
ngoi cng

Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Hot ng 4:
GV t vn : Bit v tr ca
mt nguyn t trong bng tun
hon, c th suy ra nhng tnh
cht ha hc c bn ca n
c khng?

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

Cng thc hp cht kh vi
hiro (nu c).
Cng thc hiroxit tng
ng (nu c) v tnh axit hay
baz ca chng.
HS gii quyt vn : Bit S
16 trong bng tun hon.
Em suy ra c nhng tnh
cht g ca n?
S nhm VIA, chu k 3 l
phi kim.
Ha tr cao nht ca
nguyn t trong hp cht
vi oxi l 6, cng thc oxit
cao nht l SO3.
Ha tr ca nguyn t trong
hp cht vi hiro l 2, cng
thc hp cht kh vi hiro
l H2S.
SO3 l oxit axit v H2SO4
l axit mnh.
HS t mnh ng dng s
trn gii quyt cc vn
tng t.

- Nghin cu SGK, tho

lun, trnh by phng
hng gii quyt v quy lut
bin i tnh cht:
Trong chu k theo chiu in
tch ht nhn tng dn:
Tnh kim loi yu dn,
tnh phi kim mnh dn.
Oxit v hiroxit c tnh
baz yu dn, tnh axit
mnh dn.
Trong nhm A, theo chiu
Hot ng 5:
in tch ht nhn tng:
GV t vn : Da vo quy
Tnh kim loi tng dn,
lut bin i tnh cht ca cc tnh phi kim gim dn.
nguyn t trong bng tun
hon, ta c th so snh tnh HS gii quyt vn : So
cht ha hc ca mt nguyn snh tnh cht ha hc ca P
t vi cc nguyn t ln cn (Z=15) vi Si (Z=14) v S
c khng?
(Z=16), vi N (Z=7) v As
(Z=33).
Trong bng tun hon, cc
nguyn t Si, P, S thuc
cng mt chu k. Nu xp
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

theo th t in tch ht
nhn tng dn ta c dy
Si, P, S. Trong chu k theo
chiu in tch ht nhn tng
th tnh phi kim tng. Vy P
c tnh phi kim yu hn S
v mnh hn Si.

Hot ng 6:
GV cng c ton bi. Nhn
mnh phng hng chung
gii quyt ba vn :
Quan h gia v tr ca
nguyn t v cu to nguyn
t.
Quan h gia v tr v tnh
cht ca nguyn t.
So snh tnh cht ha hc ca
mt nguyn t vi cc nguyn
t ln cn.

Trong nhm VIA, theo

chiu in tch ht nhn
tng, ta c dy N, P, As, tnh
phi kim gim. P c tnh phi
kim km hn N v mnh
hn As.
Vy P c tnh phi kim yu
hn N v S, hiroxit ca n,
H3PO4, c tnh axit yu hn
HNO3 v H2SO4.
HS t mnh ng dng s
trn gii quyt cc vn
tng t.

Cng c :
1. Hy cho bit s bin i ha tr ca cc nguyn t ha hc trong mt chu k v cho v d minh ha.
2. Cho cc nguyn t thuc chu k 2: Li - Be - B - C - N - O - F - Ne
Hy cn c vo cu hnh electron xc nh cc nguyn t
a. C th to thnh cation v anion? Vit cng thc ion?
b. Tn ti c dng phn t gm c 2 nguyn t
c. C ha tr cao nht i vi oxy v hyro l bao nhiu? Vit cng thc phn t ca cc cht .
Bai tp trc nghim:
Cu 1 : Cation R+ co cu hinh electron kt thuc phn lp 3p6 vy R thuc
A. Chu ky 2 phn nhom VI A
B. Chu ky 4 phn nhom I A
C. Chu ky 4 phn nhom I A
D. Chu ky 4 phn nhom VI A
2+
2
2
Cu 2 : Ion X co cu hinh electron 1s 2s 2p6 xac inh vi tri cua X trong bang h thng tun hoan
A. Chu ky 2 phn nhom II A
B. Chu ky 2 phn nhom VI A
C. Chu ky 2 phn nhom VII A
D. Kt qua khac
Cu 3 : Ion Y co cu hinh electron 1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 nguyn t Y thuc chu ky nao ? Nhom nao ?
A. Chu ky 3 nhom VII A
B. Chu ky 3 nhom VI A
C. Chu ky 4 nhom I A

D. Chu ky 4 nhom II A

Cu 4 : Theo quy lut bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t trong bng tun hon th
A. phi kim mnh nht l iot
B. kim loi mnh nht l liti
C. phi kim mnh nht l flo
D. kim loi yu nht l xesi
Bai tp v nha: 2-10 trang 58
Dn do : V nha oc trc bai : LUYN TP CHNG 2 v chun b :
+ Cu to bng tun hon cc nguyn t ha hc .
+ Quy lut bin i tun hon mt s i lng vt l v tnh cht cc nguyn t theo chiu tng ca THN .
+ nh lut tun hon .
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

4. Rt kinh nghim:
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................

Tun : 8
Ngay soan: 16/10/2007
Tit : 22
Bai 14 :
LUYN TP :CHNG 2
I. MUC TIU BAI HOC
1. V kin thc
Bit c:
- Cu to BTH .
- Quy lut bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t v hp cht ca chng trong BTH ( bn knh nguyn t , nng
lng ion ha , m in , tnh kim loi phi kim , ha tr , tnh axit baz ca cc oxit v hidroxit )
- ngha ca BTH .
2. Ki nng
- Nm c cc nguyn tc sp xp , khi nim chu k v nhm,
- Qui lut bin i tnh kim loi , phi kim , bn knh nguyn t , nng lng ion ha
3. Thai
II. CHUN BI
III. PHNG PHAP DAY HOC CHU YU
Phng phap din giang , am thoai gi m kt hp vi s dung cac dung day hoc trc quan.
IV. THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
1. n nh v T Chc Lp Hc
2. Kim Tra Bi C
3. Vo Bi Mi :
Hoat ng Cua GV
Hot ng 1 : Gv dng phiu
hc tp n li kin thc cho
hc sinh .
1. Nguyn tc sp xp cc
nguyn t trong bng tun
hon ?
2. Cu to ca bng tun hon
a. nguyn t l g ?v d
b. chu k l g ?
c. nhm l g ?
3. s bin i i lng bin
i tun hon theo chiu tng
ca THN .
- Bn knh nguyn t
- Nng lng ion ha th nht
- m in
- Tnh kim loi , tnh phi kim
- Tnh axit baz ca oxit v
hidroxit .

Hoat ng Cua HS
Hc sinh tho lun nhm
Hc sinh trnh by theo
nhm
Cc nhm khc nhn xt .

GHI BANG
A.KIN THC CN NM VNG
1. Nguyn tc sp xp cc nguyn t trong
BTH
- Cc nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu tng
ca in tch ht nhn.
- Cc nguyn t c cng s lp electron trong
nguyn t c xp thnh mt hng.
- Cc nguyn t c cng electron ha tr nh
nhau c xp thnh mt ct
2. Cu to bng tun hon
a. nguyn t
- Mi nguyn t c xp vo 1 .
b.Chu k : S th t ca chu k = s lp
Hc sinh nu cc quy lut electron .
bin i
+ chu k 1, 2, 3 l : chu k nh
+ chu k 4, 5, 6, 7 l chu k ln .
c.Nhm: STT ca nhm = s electron ha tr .
- Nhm A : STT ca nhm A = S electron lp
ngoaid cng .
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

- Cc nguyn t nhm IA, IIA l nguyn t s,
cc nguyn t t IIIA n VIIIA l cc nguyn
t p.
- Nhm B : STT ca nhm B = s electron ha
tr
Nhm B gm cc nguyn t d v f.
3.Nhng i lng bin i tun hon theo
chiu tng ca THN .
- Bn knh nguyn t
- Nng lng ion ha th nht
- m in
- Tnh kim loi , tnh phi kim
- Tnh axit baz ca oxit v hidroxit .
- Ha tr cao nht ca nguyn t vi oxi v ha
tr ca nguyn t phi kim vi hidro .
C

Hot ng 4 : Cng c

hku

h A m

B n k n n h g un ty
T n k h i ml oi
T n h p h i k i m

G i tr m i n

B n k n h n g u y n t

Hot ng 3 : Gv goi hc sinh Hc sinh nu li nh lut

pht biu li nh lut tun tun hon .
hon .

T n h k i m l o i

- Ha tr cao nht ca nguyn

t vi oxi v ha tr ca
nguyn t phi kim vi hidro .
Hot ng 2 : Gv cht li cc
vn theo bng v .

B n k n n h g un ty
T n k h i ml oi

4.nh lut tun hon

Tnh cht ca cc nguyn t cng nh thnh
phn v tnh cht ca cc n cht v hp cht
to nn t cc nguyn t bin i tun hon
Hc sinh lm cc cu hi theo chiu tng dn ca in tch ht nhn
nguyn t
trc nghim .

Bai tp trc nghim:

Cu 1 : Tim cu sai trong nhng cu di y
A. Trong chu ki , cac nguyn t c sp xp theo chiu in tich hat nhn tng dn .
B. Nguyn t cua cac nguyn t trong cung mt chu ki co s electron bng nhau .
C. Trong chu ki , cac nguyn t sp xp theo chiu s hiu nguyn t tng dn .
D. Chu ki thng bt u la mt kim loai kim , kt thuc la mt khi him (tr chu ki 1 va chu ki 7 cha hoan
thanh ).
Cu 2 : S nguyn t trong chu ki 3 va 5 la
A. 8 va 18 .
B. 18 va 8 .
C. 8 va 8 .
D. 18 va 18 .
Cu 3 : Nguyen to R co cau hnh lp ngoai cung la 4s1. Vay R thuoc:
A. Chu ky 4, nhom IB.
B. Chu ky 4, nhomVIB.
C. A va B sai
D. A va B ung
Cu 4 : Nguyen to canxi co so hieu nguyen t la 20. Khi canxi tham
gia phan ng tao thanh hp chat th cau hnh cua ion Ca2+ nay la:
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

A. 1s22s22p63s23p6
B. 1s22s22p63s23p64s1
C. 1s22s22p6
D. 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p6
Bai tp v nha:
2.36 n 2.43 ( SBT) trang 19
Dn do : V nha oc trc bai :
4. Rt kinh nghim:
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................

Tun : 8
Ngay soan: 16/10/2007
Tit : 23
Bai 14 :
LUYN TP :CHNG 2
I. MUC TIU BAI HOC
1. V kin thc
Bit c:
- Cu to BTH .
- Quy lut bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t v hp cht ca chng trong BTH ( bn knh nguyn t , nng
lng ion ha , m in , tnh kim loi phi kim , ha tr , tnh axit baz ca cc oxit v hidroxit )
- ngha ca BTH .
2. Ki nng Vn dng ngha ca BTH lm bi tp v mi quan h gia v tr , cu to nguyn t v tnh
cht ca n cht v hp cht
3. Thai
II. CHUN BI
Gv : bng cu hi trc nghim
Hc sinh : gii trc cc bi tp SGK , SBT , bng ph
III. PHNG PHAP DAY HOC CHU YU
Phng phap din giang , am thoai gi m kt hp vi s dung cac dung day hoc trc quan.
IV. THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
1. n nh v T Chc Lp Hc
2. Kim Tra Bi C
3. Vo Bi Mi :
Hoat ng Cua GV
Hoat ng Cua HS
Hot ng 1 : Gv hng dn Hc sinh tho lun nhm 3
hc sinh gii bi tp dng tng pht v trnh by ln bng
s ht
- lp c phng trnh tng
s ht trong 1 nguyn t .
- p dng iu kin ng v
bn gii ra cc nghim .
- Vit cu hnh electron v da Cc nhm nh gi ln nhau
vo s electron lp ngoi cng
nhn nghim .
+ Gv nh gi v b sung
nhng ch cha hon chnh .

GHI BANG
4.
a. Gi s proton , ntron , electron c trong
nguyn t ln lt l : P , N , E
Theo bi : P + E + N = 28
Trong nguyn t : P = E nn : 2P + N = 28
p dng iu kin ng v bn :
P N 1.52P
Nn : 7,95 P 9,3
V P l s nguyn dng , nn chn : P = 8
hoc P = 9 .
Mt khc nguyn t thuc nhm VIIA , c 7
electron lp ngoi cng . Do chn gi tr P
= 9 ; N = 10 ; A = 19 .
b. Cu hnh electron : 1s22s22p5 .
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Hot ng 2 : Gv t vn
-C CT . RO3 hy suy ra cng
thc hp cht vi hidro ?
- Gv a ra cng thc :
M R 2.M H
=
%R
%H
-Yu cu hc sinh gii quyt
vn bi tp 5 a ra .
Hot ng 3 :
- Gv cng hc sinh phn tch
bi tp s 8
+ A, B ng k nhau trong mt
chu k ca bng tun hon
ZB = ZA + 1
ZA = ZB + 1
+ Tng s n v THN l 25
ZA + ZB = 25
Trn co s ca bi ta pphi
gii 2 trng hp xy ra

Hot ng 4 : GV t chc cho

hc sinh tho lunh nhm
gii quyt vn dt ra ca bi
9
- Vn : Tm 2 kim loi
thuc hai chu k lin tip .
- Hng dn :
+ t M l nguyn t khi
trung bnh ca 2 kim loi .
M1 < M< M2
+ Tnh s mol .
+ Tnh M . Da vo iu kin
v bng tun hon nhn
nghim .
Gv nhn xt li v b sung ch
cn thiu .
Hot ng 5 : Gv cho 1 hc
sinh ln bng vit cu hnh
electron .
- 1 hc sinh khc trnh by qui
lut bin i bn knh trong
mt nhm A v so snh bn
knh nguyn t ca cc nguyn

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

5. RO3=> RH2
.

Mt hc sinh tr li : RH2
MR
2.M H
Hc sinh gii bi tp ln + Cch 1 : 100-5,88 = 5,88 => MR= 32 =>
bng .
Lu huynh
2
+ Cch 2 : 5,88 =
.100 => x = 32
2+x
8.
Hc sinh nu tng mc ca + Trn hp 1 : ZA < ZB .
ZB = ZA + 1
bi
ZA + ZB = 25
ZA = 12 ; ZB = 13 .
A(Z = 12) 1s22s22p6s2 .nguyn t A thuc chu
.
Hc sinh gii bi tp 8 ln k 3 , nhm IIA
2
B(Z = 13) 1s 2s22p6s23p1 .nguyn t A thuc
bng vi 2 trng hp .
chu k 3 , nhm IIIA .
+ Trn hp 2 : ZA = ZB + 1
ZA = ZB + 1
ZA + ZB = 25
ZA = 13 ; ZB = 12 .
B(Z = 12) 1s22s22p6s2 .nguyn t A thuc chu
Hc sinh tho lun nhm v k 3 , nhm IIA .
A(Z = 13) 1s22s22p6s23p1 .nguyn t A thuc
trnh by ln bng
chu k 3 , nhm IIIA .
9. K hiu hai kim loi nhm IIIA l M ,
nguyn t khi trung bnh l M
2M + 6HCl 2MCl3 + 3H2 .
Cc nhm khc nhn xt
6,75
nH =
= 0,3 mol
22,4
n M = 0,2 mol
M = 44
Hai kim loi thuc hai chu k lin tip , mt
kim loi c nguyn t khi nh hn 44 v 1
kim loi c nguyn t khi ln hn 44 .
Da vo bng tun hon hai kim loi l :
Al v Ga .
11.
- Vit cu hnh electron :
Hc sinh vit cu hnh Li(Z=3); 1s22s1
electron .
Na(Z=11); 1s22s22p63s1
K(Z=19); 1s22s22p63s23p64s1
Hc sinh nu qui lut bin Rb(Z=37); 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p65s1
i bn knh trong mt Cs(Z=55);
nhm A.
1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p65s24d105p66s1
Hc sinh so snh bn knh - Theo qui lut bin i bn knh nguyn t
ca cc nguyn t nhm IA ca cc nguyn t trong nhm A th bn knh
nguyn t ca cc nguyn t ny gim theo
th t :
RCs > RRb > RK > RNa > RLi .
2

Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

t .
Hot ng 6 : Cng c
Bai tp trc nghim:
Cu 1 : Nguyen to R co cong thc oxit cao nhat la RO2 , hp chat vi hidro
cua R cha 75% khoi lng R. Nguyen to R la:
A. Cacbon
B. Lu huynh
C. Silic (M=28)
D. Clo (M=35.5)
Cu 2 : Mt nguyn t tao hp cht khi vi Hidro co cng thc RH3. Cng thc oxit cao nht tng ng la:
A. R2O5
B. RO2
C. RO3
D. R2O7
Cu 3 :Oxit cao nht cua mt nguyn t co cng thc RO3. Hp cht khi cua no vi hidro co cng thc.
A. RH4
B. RH
C. RH2
D. RH3
Cu 4 : Theo quy luat bien oi tnh kim loai, phi kim th nhom cac nguyen to co
tnh phi kim manh nhat la:
A. Nhom IA.
B. Nhom IIA.
C. Nhom VIIA.
D. Nhom VIIIA.
Bai tp v nha: 2.36 n 2.43 ( SBT) trang 19
Bi tp lm thm :
Xt cc nguyn t sau :
a. Cs ,Ca, Mg, K, Be.
b. Rb, Al , Mg , Na.
c. Sr, Ca ,Cs, Al ,Rb.
d. Mg, Rb, Al , K , Cs , Ca.
Hy sp xp theo th t :
+Tnh kim loi gim dn ca cu a,b
+Tnh kim loi tng dn ca cu c,d.
+Tnh baz tng dn ca cc hiroxit trn a,b,c,d.
+Tnh ha tan trong nc gim dn ca cc hiroxit trn ca cu a,b,c.
+Bn knh nguyn t gim dn ca cu d.
e. Sp xp cc nguyn t sau theo chiu m in tng dn :B, Na,F, S . Gii thch ?
Dn do : V nha oc trc bai : THC HNH S 1 v chun b :
+ Cch tin hnh th nghim .
+ Vit bi tng trnh .
4. Rt kinh nghim:
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................
Tun : 8
Ngay soan: 16/10/2007
Tit : 24
Bai : BAI THC HANH S 1: MT S THAO TAC THC HANH THI NGHIM HOA HOC . S BIN
I TINH CHT CUA NGUYN T TRONG CHU KY VA PHN NHOM
I. MUC TIU BAI HOC
1. V kin thc
Bit c muc ich ,cac bc tin hanh ,ki thut thc hin cua cac thi nghim
-Ren luyn mt s thao tac thc hanh thi nghim :ly hoa cht ,trn hoa cht ,un nong hoa cht ,s dung mt
s dung cu thi nghim thng thng .
-S bin i tinh cht trong nhom :phan ng gia kim loai Na va K vi nc.
-S bin i tinh cht trong chu ki :phan ng cua Na va Mg vi nc.
2. Ki nng
Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin

Trng THPT Phm Hng

Gio n Ha 10 Nng Cao

-S dung dung cu va hoa cht tin hanh an toan ,thanh cng cac thi nghim trn .
-Quan sat hin tng ,giai thich va vit phng trinh hoa hoc .
-Vit tng trinh hoa hoc .```
3. Thai
II. CHUN BI
III. PHNG PHAP DAY HOC CHU YU
Phng phap din giang , am thoai gi m kt hp vi s dung cac dung day hoc trc quan.
IV. THIT K CC HOT NG DY HC
1. n nh v T Chc Lp Hc
2. Kim Tra Bi C
3. Vo Bi Mi :
Hoat ng Cua GV
Hot ng 1 : Gv ph bin ni
qui phng th nghim .
Hot ng 2 : Gv hng dn
hc sinh tin hnh th nghim
v lu nhng th nghim kh
+ TN1
+TN2
Cho hc sinh tin hnh th
nghim di s quan st ca
gio vin

Hoat ng Cua HS
GHI BANG
Hc sinh lng nghe v ghi 1. S bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t
chp .
trong nhm .
Ly vo 2 cc thy tinh , mi cc chng 60
ml nc . Nh vo mi cc vi git dung dch
phenolphtalein v khy u .
Cho vo cc th nht mt mu nh natri , cc
Hc sinh tin hnh th th hai mt mu kali c cng kch thc .
nghim v ghi nhn hin Quan st hin tng
tng , gii thch
2. S bin i tnh cht ca cc nguyn t
trong chu k
Rt vo 2 cc thy tinh , mi cc chng 60 ml
Hot ng 3 : Dn v sinh sau Hc sinh dn v sinh sau nc .
khi th nghim v nh gi khi th nghim xong
Rt vo cc th ba chng 60 ml nc nng .
bui tin hnh th nghim
Nh vo mi cc vi git dung dch
phenolphtalein ri khuy u .
Cho vo cc th nht mt mu nh natri .
Cho vo cc th hai v cc th ba , mi cc
Hot ng 4 : Cng c
mt mu magie c kch thc bng mu natri
Quan st hin tng .
Bai tp trc nghim:
Cu 1 :
Cu 2 :
Cu 3 :
Cu 4 :
Bai tp v nha:
trang
Dn do : V nha oc trc bai : KHI NIM V LIN KT HA HC LIN KT ION v tr li cu hi
sau :
+ Cc ion c hnh thnh nh th no ?
+ Th no l cation v anion ? Th no l ion n , a nguyn t ?
+ lin kt c hnh thnh nh th no ?
+ Cu sto mng tinh th ion v cc tnh cht chung ca mng lin quan vi nhau nh th no ?
4. Rt kinh nghim:
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................................................................

Gv : Nguyn Hu Tin