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Bi tp v st l mt trong nhng dng thng gp trong cc thi i hc .

Chnh v vy ,ti mi quyt


nh vit mt bi tng hp kin thc quan trng v cch gii cc bi tp v st . Trong qu trnh su
tp v vit bi c th bi cn nhiu sai st , mong mi ngi thng cm !
( Nguyn Xun c-10A2-trng THPT an Phng)
1/ Cc phng php dng trong gii ton :
- Bo ton khi lng
- Bo ton nguyn t
- Bo ton electron
- Phng php quy i
- Phng php ion - electron ( electron bin i )
- Dng cng thc tnh nhanh
2/Phng php tm CTPT ca oxit st : tm t l s mol ca Fe ( nguyn t ) v O ( nguyn t ) t d kin
bi cho
3/Mt vi cch gii nhanh :
- Khi bi cho hn hp 2 oxit ca st , nhng khng nu r l oxit st g , th ta c th quy i hn hp trn
v FeO v Fe2O3 - cch ny khng lm s mol Fe v O trong hn hp thay i...
- Nu gp bi ton oxi ha 2 ln : Fe ( m gam ) b oxi ha thnh hn hp ( Fe , oxit st ) ( m 1 gam ) ri cho
tip vo dung dch acid c tnh oxi ha to sn phm kh th ta nn dng cng thc : ( n e l s mol electron
cho hoc nhn )

mFe = 0,7 m1 + 5,6 ne


Bi tp p dng

Cu 1 : Oxi ha chm m gam Fe ngoi khng kh sau mt thi gian thu c 12 gam hn hp
X ( Fe , FeO , Fe2O3 ,Fe3O4 ). ha tan ht X , cn va 300 ml dung dch HCl 1M , ng
thi gii phng 0,672 lt kh
( ktc ). Tnh m ?
A.10,08
B.8,96
C.9,84
D.10,64
Cu 2: Ha tan hon ton 2,8 gam hn hp FeO , Fe2O3 v Fe3O4 cn va V ml dung dch
HCl 1M , thu c dung dch X. Cho t t dung dch NaOH d vo dung dch X thu c kt
ta Y. Nung Y trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c 3 gam cht rn. Tnh V ?
A.87,5
B.125
C.62,5
D.175
Cu 3 : Trn bt Al vi bt Fe2O3 ( t l mol 1 : 1 ) thu c m gam hn hp X. Thc hin phn
ng nhit nhm hn hp X trong iu kin khng c khng kh sau mt thi gian thu c hn
hp rn Y. Ha tan ht Y bng acid nitric long d , thy gii phng 0,448 lt kh NO ( ktc
sn phm kh duy nht ). m =?
A.7,48
B.11,22
C.5,61
D.3,74
Cu 4: Ha tan ht 7,68 gam hn hp FeO , Fe2O3 v Fe3O4 cn va 260 ml dung dch HCl
1M. Dung dch thu c cho tc dng vi dd NaOH d ri lc kt ta nung trong khng kh
n khi lng khng i thu c m gam rn.. tnh m ?
A.20
B.8
C.16
D.12
Cu 5: X l hn hp gm Fe v 2 oxit ca st. Ha tan ht 15,12 gam X trong dung dch HCl
d , sau phn ng thu c 16,51 gam mui Fe (II) v m gam mui Fe (III ) . Mt khc , khi
cho 15,12 gam X phn ng hon ton vi dung dch acid nitric long d th gii phng 1,568 lt
NO ( sn phm kh duy nht - ktc ). Thnh phn % v khi lng ca Fe trong X l ?
A.11,11%
B.29,63%
C.14,81%
D.33,33%
Cu 6 :Ha tan ht m gam hn hp X gm Cu v 2 oxit st cn va 500ml dung dch HCl
1,2M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 38,74 gam hn hp hai mui khan . m nhn gi
tr ?
A.22,24
B.20,72
C.23,36
D.27,04
Trang 1/6 Bi tp TN v Fe

Cu 7: Ha tan ht a gam hn hp 2 oxit st bng dung dch HCl d sau phn ng thu c
dung dch cha 9,75 gam FeCl3 v 8,89 gam FeCl2 . a nhn gi tr no ?
A.10,08
B.10,16
C.9,68
D.9,84
Cu 8 : Ha tan ht 4 gam hn hp A gm Fe v 1 oxit st trong dung dch acid HCl d thu
c dung dch X. Sc kh Cl2 cho n d vo X thu c dung dch Y cha 9,75 gam mui
tan. Nu cho 4 gam A tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long d th thu c V lt NO ( sn phm
kh duy nht - ktc)/ V= ?
A.0,896
B.0,747
C.1,120
D.0,672
Cu 9: Ha tan ht a gam hn hp X gm Fe v mt oxit st trong b gam dung dch H 2SO4
9,8% ( lng va ), sau phn ng thu c dung dch cha 51,76 gam hn hp hai mui
khan. Mt khc nu ha tan ht a gam X bng dung dch H2SO4 c nng th thu c duy nht
58 gam mui Fe (III). Xc nh b ?
A.370
B.220
C.500
D.420
Cu 10 : Ha tan ht m gam hn hp A gm Cu v 1 oxit st bng 320 ml dung dch HCl 1M
( va ). Dung dch thu c sau phn ng ch cha hai mui l FeCl2 ( c khi lng 15,24
gam ) v CuCl2. Xc nh cng thc ca oxit st v gi tr m ?
A. Fe3O4 v 14,40 B. Fe2O3 v 11,84 C. Fe3O4 v 11,84 D. Fe2O3 v 14,40
gam
gam
gam
gam
Cu 11: Ha tan ht m gam hn hp Y( gm Cu v 2 oxit ca st ) bng 260 ml dung dch HCl
1M - lng va , thu c dung dch Z cha 2 mui vi tng khi lng l 16,67 gam. Xc
nh m ?
A.11,60
B.9,26
C.11,34
D.9,52
Cu 12 :Y l mt hn hp gm st v 2 oxit ca n. Chia Y lm hai phn bng nhau :
Phn 1 : em ha tan ht trong dung dch HCl d thu c dung dch Z cha a gam FeCl2 v
13 gam FeCl3
Phn 2 : Cho tc dng ht vi 875 ml dung dch HNO3 0,8M ( va ) thu c 1,568 lt kh
NO ( ktc - sn phm kh duy nht ). Tnh a. ?
A.10,16
B.16,51
C.11,43
D.15,24
Cu 13 : Ha tan hon ton 13,92 gam hn hp X gm MgO, FeO v Fe2O3 phi dng va ht
520 ml dung dch HCl 1M. Mt khc , khi ly 0,27 mol hn hp X t nng trong ng s khng
c khng kh ri thi mt lung H2 d i qua phn ng xy ra hon ton th thu c m gam
cht rn v 4,86 gam nc. Xc nh m?
A.16,56
B.20,88
C.25,06
D.16,02
Cu 14: Hn hp A gm CuSO4 , FeSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3 , trong % khi lng ca S l 22% .
Ly 50 gam hn hp A ho tan vo trong nc. Thm dung dch NaOH d , ly kt ta thu
c em nung ngoi khng kh n khi lng khng i . Lng oxit sinh ra em kh hon
ton bng CO th lng Fe v Cu thu c bng :
A.17 gam
B.18 gam
C.19 gam
D.20 gam
Cu 15 : A l hn hp cc mui Cu(NO3)2 , Fe(NO3)2 v Fe(NO3)3. Trong N chim 16,03%
v khi lng. Cho dung dch KOH d vo dung dch cha 65,5 gam mui A . Lc kt ta thu
c em nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c bao nhiu gam oxit ?
A.27
B.34
C.25
D.31
Cu 16: Ha tan ht mt hn hp X gm 0,02 mol Fe : 0,04 mol Fe 3O4 v 0,03 mol CuO bng
dung dch HCl d.Cho t t dung dch NH3 n d vo dung dch sau phn ng, lc kt ta
em nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c a gam cht rn. a nhn gi tr ?
A.12,8
B.11,2
C.10,4
D.13,6
Trang 2/6 Bi tp TN v Fe

Cu 17.Ha tan hn hp gm st v 1 oxit ca st cn va 0,1 mol H2SO4 c ; thot ra


0,224 lt SO2 ( ktc). C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan ?
A.8
B.12
C.16
D.20
Cu 18: Cho m gam Fe tan va trong dung dch hn hp HCl v FeCl 3 thu c dung dch
X ch cha mt mui duy nht v 5,6 lt H2 ( ktc ). C cn dung dch X thu c 85,09 gam
mui khan. m nhn gi tr no ?
A.14
B.20,16
C.21,84
D.23,52
Cu 19: Cho dung dch acid nitric long vo mt cc thy tinh c ng 5,6 gam Fe v 9,6 gam
Cu. Khuy u phn ng xy ra hon ton ; c 3,136 lt NO thot ra ( ktc ) v cn li m
gam cht rn khng tan. Gi tr ca m bng :
A.2,56
B.1,92
C.4,48
D.5,76
Cu 20: Ha tan hon ton 5,4 gam mt oxit st vo dung dch HNO3 d thu c 1,456 lt hn
hp NO v NO2 ( ktc - ngoi ra khng cn sn phm kh no khc ). Sau phn ng khi lng
dung dch tng ln 2,49 gam so vi ban u. Cng thc ca oxit st v s mol HNO3 phn ng
l :
A.FeO v 0,74 mol
B.Fe3O4 v 0,29 mol
C.FeO v 0,29 mol
D.Fe3O4 v 0,75 mol
Cu 21: Ha tan 10 gam hn hp gm Fe v FexOy bng HCl thu c 1,12 lt H2 ( ktc ).
Cng lng hn hp ny nu ha tan ht bng dung dch HNO3 c nng thu c 5,6 lt NO2 (
ktc ). Xc nh FexOy ?
A.FeO
B.Fe2O3
C.Fe3O4
D.Khng xc nh
c
Cu 22: Cho m gam hn hp X gm Al ,Fe3O4 , FeO, Fe2O3 tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu
c dung dch Y, trong khi lng ca FeCl2 l 31,75 gam v 8,064 lt H2 ( ktc ).C cn
dung dch Y thu c 151,54 gam cht rn khan. Nu cho m gam hn hp X tc dng vi dung
dch HNO3 long d thu c dung dch Z v kh NO ( sn phm kh duy nht ). C cn dung
dch Z thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan ?
A.242,3
B.268,4
C.189,6
D.254,9
Cu 23: Nung 23,2 gam hn hp X ( FeCO3 v FexOy ) ti phn ng hon ton thu c kh A
v 22,4 gam Fe2O3 duy nht. Cho kh A hp th hon ton vo dung dch Ba(OH)2 d thu c
7,88 gam kt ta. Mt khc , ha tan ht 23,2 gam X cn va V ml dung dch HCl 2M.
CT FexOy v gi tr ca V l :
A.FeO v 200
B.Fe3O4 v 250
C.FeO v 250
D.Fe3O4 v 360
Cu 24: Ha tan hon ton mt hn hp gm FeO, Fe2O3 v Fe3O4 ( trong t l khi lng
ca FeO v Fe2O3 bng 9:20 ) bng dung dch HCl , thu c 16,25 gam FeCl 3. Khi lng
mui FeCl2 thu c sau phn ng bng :
A.5,08 gam
B.6,35 gam
C.7,62 gam
D.12,7 gam
Cu 25: Cho ln lt 23,2 gam Fe3O4 v 8,4 gam Fe vo dung dch HCl 1M. Th tch dung
dch HCl ti thiu ha tan cc cht rn trn l :
A.0,9 lt
B.1,1 lt
C.0,8 lt
D.1,5 lt
Cu 26: Cho lung kh CO i qua mt lng qung hematit ( cha Fe2O3 ) th thu c 300,8
gam hn hp cc cht rn X v thot ra hn hp kh Y. Cho hp th ton b kh Y bng dung
dch NaOH d thy khi lng bnh NaOH tng thm 52,8 gam. em cht rn X ha tan trong
dung dch HNO3 d thu c 387,2 gam mui. Thnh phn % khi lng ca Fe2O3 trong
qung l :
A.80%
B.60%
C.50%
D.40%
Cu 27: Cho 0,24 mol FeO v 0,03 mol Fe3O4 vo dung dch HNO3 long , kt thc phn ng
thu c dung dch X v 3,36 gam kim loi d. Khi lng mui c trong dung dch X l :
A.48,6 gam
B.58,08 gam
C.56,97 gam
D.65,34 gam
Trang 3/6 Bi tp TN v Fe

Cu 28: em nhhit phn hon ton a mol Fe(NO 3)2 thu c hn hp kh X c t khi so vi
H2 bng T1. Nhit phn hon ton a mol Fe(NO3)3 thu c hn hp kh Y c t khi so vi H2
bng T2. Biu thc no di y l ng :
A.T1 = 0,972T2
B.T1 = T2
C.T2 = 0,972T1
D.T2 = 1,08T1
Cu 29: Hn hp A gm st v 2 oxit ca n. Cho m gam A tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 c
nng d n phn ng hon ton thu c dung dch Y v thot ra 2,24 lt SO 2 ( ktc ). Cho
dung dch NaOH d vo Y thu c kt ta Z. Nung Z ti khi lng khng i th thy khi
lng gim 7,02 gam. Gi tr ca m gam l :
A.11,2
B.19,2
C.14,4
D.16,0
Cu 30: Ha tan hon ton a gam hn hp X gm Fe , FeS , FeS2 v S vo dung dch HNO3
long d , gii phng 8,064 lt NO ( l sn phm kh duy nht tkc ) v dung dch Y. Cho
dung dch Ba(OH)2 d vo dung dch Y thu c kt ta Z. Ha tan ht lng kt ta Z bng
dung dch HCl d , sau phn ng cn li 30,29 gam cht rn khng tan . Gi tr ca a gam l :
A.7,92
B.9,76
C.8,64
D.9,52
Cu 31:Ha tan ht m gam hn hp gm x mol FeO , x mol Fe2O3 v y mol Fe3O4 bng dung
dch HNO3 c nng thu c 6,72 lt NO2 ( ktc ). Gi tr ca m gam l :
A.46,4
B.48,0
C.35,7
D.69.6
Cu 32: Ha tan ht 7,52 gam hn hp A gm Cu v 1 oxit ca st bng dung dch HNO3 long
d , sau phn ng gii phng 0,1493 lt NO ( ktc - l sn phm kh duy nht ) v cn li 0,96
gam kim loi khng tan. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 16,44 gam cht rn khan.
Cng thc ca oxit st l :
A.FeO
B.Fe2O3
C.Fe3O4
D.FeOv Fe2O3
Cu 33: Thi hn hp kh CO v H2 i qua a gam hn hp gm CuO v Fe3O4 c t l mol 1:2 ,
sau phn ng thu c b gam cht rn A. Ha tan hon ton b gam A bng dung dch HNO 3
long d , thu c dung dch X ( khng cha ion Fe2+ ). C cn dung dch X thu c 41 gam
mui khan. a gam nhn gi tr no ?
A.9,8
B.10,6
C.12,8
D.13,6

p n bi tp TN v st :
1A - 2A - 3D - 4B - 5C - 6A - 7D - 8B - 9A - 10C - 11D - 12B - 13A - 14A - 15C - 16B - 17B - 18C - 19A
20C - 21A - 22A - 23D - 24B - 25A - 26D - 27A - 28C - 29B - 30B - 31D - 32C - 33D
Trang 4/6 Bi tp TN v Fe

P N CHI TIT :

Cu 1: nkh = nH2 = 0,672/22,4= 0,03 mol .


Ta c : nH+(HCl)= nH+(ho tan oxit ) + nH+(kh ) => 0,3 = nH+(ho tan oxit ) + 2.0,03 => nH+(ho tan oxit ) = 0,24
mol
nO(oxit) = nH+(ho tan oxit ) = 0,12 mol => m = mX mO(oxit) = 12 0,12.16 = 10,08 gam
Cu 2: Quy i hn hp thnh 2,8 gam ( FeO : x mol v Fe2O3 : y mol ) -------> 3 gam Fe2O3
Thit lp h : 72x + 160y = 2,8 v x + 2y = 3.2/160 ( BTNT Fe trong Fe2O3 )
= > x = 0,025 mol v y = 6,25.10-3 mol
FeO + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2O
Fe2O3 + 6HCl 2FeCl3 + 3 H2O
0,025 0,05
6,25.10-3 0,0375
=> Tng s mol HCl p/ = 0,0875 mol => V = 0,0875 l = 87,5 ml
Cch khc :
Quy i thnh 2,8 gam ( Fe : x mol v O : y mol )
S hp thc : 2Fe Fe2O3
Ta c : nFe = 2nFe2O3 = 2.3/160 = 0,0375 mol
=> nO (oxit) = ( 2,8 0,0375.56 ) / 16 = 0,04375 mol => nHCl p/u = 2 nO (oxit) = 0,0875 mol =>V =
87,5 ml
Cu 3: Phn ng nhit nhm khng hon ton nn ta khng th xc nh c r sn phm Y
gm nhng cht
no. Ta quy i hn hp Y thnh X ( theo nguyn BTKL )
Ta c : Al Al3+ +3e
N+5 +3e NO
=> m = 0,02( 27 + 160) = 3,74
gam
0,02 0,06
0,06 0,02
Cu 4: Ta c : nCl- = 0,26 mol => nO2- (oxit ) = nCl- = 0,13 mol ( BT T ) => mFe = 7,68
0,13.16 = 5,6 gam
S hp thc : 2Fe Fe2O3
=> mFe2O3 = 160.5,6/112 = 8 gam.
Cu 5: Quy i 15,12 gam X thnh : Fe ;
FeO v Fe2O3
( x mol ) ( y mol )
Ho tan vo dd HCl ta c pt : x + y = 16,51/127 = 0,13 mol.
Cho X vo HNO3 d :
Fe Fe3+ + 3e
N+5 + 3e NO
x
3x
0,21 0,07
3+
FeO Fe + 1e
y
y
=> Bo ton electron: 3x + y = 0,21
Gii h = > x = 0,04 mol v y = 0,09 mol = > % mFe = 0,04.56/15,12 . 100% = 14,81%
Cu 6: 2 mui khan y l CuCl2 v FeCl2 . Ta c : nO2- (oxit ) = nCl- = .0,6 = 0,3 mol ( BT
T )
BTKL : mCu & Fe = mmuoi mCl- = 38,74 0,6.35,5 = 17,44 gam
mX = mCu & Fe + mO2- (oxit ) = 17,44 +0,3.16 = 22,24 gam
Cu 7: Quy i thnh a gam FeO v Fe2O3
S hp thc : Fe2O3 2FeCl3 ( 0,06 mol ) v FeO FeCl2 ( 0,07 mol )
Trang 5/6 Bi tp TN v Fe

=> a = 0,03.160 + 0,07.72 = 9,84 gam


Cu 8: nFe = nFeCl3 = 0,06 mol => nO (oxit ) = ( 4 0,06.56)/16 = 0,04 mol
Quy i 4 gam A thnh Fe v O. Cho tc dng vi HNO3 :
Fe Fe3+ + 3e
O + 2e O20,06
0,18
0,08 0,04
+5
N + 3e NO
=> V = 0,1/3.22,4 = 0,747 lit
0,1 0,1/3
Cu 9: 51,76 gam gm 2 mui F eSO4 : x mol v Fe2(SO4)3 : y mol.
Lp h : 152x + 400y = 51,76 v x + 2y = 58.2/400 (BTNT Fe trong Fe2(SO4)3 )
=> x = 0,13 mol v y = 0,08 mol => S mol H2SO4 p/ = x +3y = 0,37 mol
=> mdung dich = ( 0,37.98.100) / 9,8 gam = 370 gam = b
Cu 10: nFe = nFeCl2 = 0,12 mol v nO (oxit ) = nH+ = 0,16 mol => nFe : nO = 0,12 : 0,16 = 3:4 =>
Fe3O4
BTNT Cl: nHCl = 2nFeCl2 + 2nCuCl2 => 0,32 = 2.0,12 + 2nCuCl2 => nCuCl2 = 0,04 mol = nCu
m = mCu + mFe + mO = 0,04.64 + 0,12.56 + 0,16.16 = 11,84 gam
Cu 11: nCl- = 0,26 mol => mCu&Fe = mmuoi - mCl- = 16,67 0,26.35,5 = 7,44 gam
nO2- (oxit ) = nCl- = 0,13 mol => mY = mCu&Fe + mO2- (oxit ) = 7,44 +0,13.16 = 9,52 gam
Cu 12: Phn II : BTNT N : nNO3- ( muoi ) = nHNO3 p/u nNO = 0,875.0,8 1,568/22,4 = 0,63 mol
Fe Fe(NO3)3 3NO3Phn I : BTNT Fe : nFe = nFeCl2 + nFeCl3
0,21
0,63
=> n FeCl2 = 0,21 13/162,5 = 0,13 mol => a =
0,13.127 = 16,51 gam
Cu 13: 13,92 gam X ( MgO x mol ; FeO y mol v Fe2O3 z mol ). Ta c : nO (oxit ) = nH+ = .
0,52 = 0,26 mol
=> x + y +3z = 0,26 ( 1 ) v 40x + 72y + 160z = 13,92 ( 2 )
Trong 0,27 mol X s mol MgO , FeO v Fe2O3 ln lt l kx , ky v kz mol => kx + ky +
kz = 0,27 ( 3 )
V : nH2O = nH2 = nO(FeO) + nO(Fe2O3) = ky +3kz = 0,27 ( 4 ). Bi n i ( 3 ) & ( 4 ) => x = 2z (
5)
Gii ( 1) , (2) v ( 5) => x = 0,08 mol ; y = 0,06 mol v z = 0,04 mol => k = 0,27/0,18 = 1,5
BTKL : m = 1,5.13,92 0,27.16 = 16,56 gam
Cu 14: mS = 50.22/100 = 11 gam => nSO4 (2-) = nS = 11/32 = 0,34375 mol (BTNT S )
mCu&Fe = mmuoi mSO4(2-) = 50 96.0,34375 = 17 gam
Cu 15: mN = 65,5.16,03/100 = 10,5 gam => nNO3- = nN = 10,5/14 = 0,75 mol ( BTNT N )
S : 2NO3 ( mui ) < = > O2- (oxit )
2 mol NO3 to 1 mol O2- khi lng gim 2.62 16 = 108 gam
0,75 mol NO3 to 0,375 mol O2- khi lng gim 108.0,375 = 40,5 gam
=> moxit = mmuoi - mgiam = 65,5 40,5 = 25 gam
Cu 16: Cu2+ to phc trong dd amoniac d => cht rn sau cng l Fe2O3 .
BTNT Fe : nFe = nFe + 3nFe3O4 = 0,02 + 0,04.3 = 0,14 mol
Trang 6/6 Bi tp TN v Fe

=> nFe2O3 = nFe = 0,07 mol => a = 0,07.160 = 11,2 gam


Cu 17: BTNT S : nH2SO4 p/u = nSO4 (2-) muoi + nSO2 => nSO4 (2-) muoi = 0,1 0,01 = 0,09 mol
Fe2(SO4)3 3SO42- => mmuoi = 0,03.400 = 12 gam
0,03
0,09
Cu 18: C ch 1 : Vit PTHH : nFeCl2 = 0,67 mol
Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2 (1)
Fe + 2FeCl3 3FeCl2 ( 2 )
0,25
0,25 0,25
0,14
( 0,67 0,25 = 0,42 )
=> nFe = 0,25 + 0,14 = 0,39 mol => m = 0,39.56 = 21,84 gam
Cch 2: Bo ton electron
Fe Fe2+ + 2e
2H+ + 2e H2
x
x 2x
0,5 0,25
3+
Fe + 1e Fe2+
0,67 - x 0,67 - x
=> Bo ton electron: 2x = 0,5 + 0,67 x
=> x = 0,39 mol => m = 21,84 gam
Cu 19: Sau phn ng , Cu cn d ( Fe Fe2+ )
Fe Fe2+ + 2e
N+5 + 3e NO
0,1
0,2
0,42 0,14
2+
Cu Cu + 2e
0,11
0,22
=> m = 9,6 0,11.64 = 2,56 gam
Cu 20: mkh = 5,4 2,49 = 2,91 gam ( NO x mol v NO2 y mol ).
Lp h : x + y = 1,456/22,4 = 0,065 mol v 30x + 46y = 2,91 => x = 5.10-3 mol v y = 0,06
mol
Quy i oxit st thnh Fe ( a mol ) v O ( b mol ) .Ta c : 56a + 16b = 5,4
Fe Fe3+ + 3e
O + 2e O2N+5 + 3e NO
N+5 + 1e NO2
a
3a
b 2b
0,015 5.10-3
0,06 0,06
Bo ton e: 3a 2b = 0,06 + 0,015. Gii h 2 pt trn : a = b = 0,075 mol = > FeO
BTNT N : nHNO3 p/u = nNO3- muoi + nNO + nNO2 = 3nFeO + nNO + nNO2 = 0,29 mol
Cu 21: nFe = nH2 = 0,05 mol ( Fe n cht - khng phi Fe trong oxit ).
Cho vo HNO3 , quy i 10 gam ( Fe a mol v O b mol ). => 56a + 16b = 10. Bo
ton electron :
Fe Fe3+ + 3e
O + 2e O2N+5 + 1e NO2
=> 3a 2b = 0,25
a
3a
b 2b
0,25 0,25
Gii h => a = 0,15 mol = nFe v b = 0,1 mol = nO(oxit) => nFe(oxit) = nFe - nFe = 0,15 0,05 = 0,1
mol => FeO
Cu 22: nAl = 2/3 nH2 = 0,24 mol = nAl(NO3)3 = > mAlCl3 = 0,24.133,5 = 32,04 gam
=> mFeCl3 = mrn han mFeCl2 mAlCl3 = 151,54 31,75 32,04 = 87,75 gam => n FeCl3 = 0,54
mol
Cho hn hp vo HNO3 long d to 2 mui Fe(NO3)3 v Al(NO3)3 . BTNT Al v Fe ta c :
nAl(NO3)3 = nAl = 0,24 mol v nFe(NO3)3 = nFeCl2 + nFeCl3 = 31,75/127 + 0,54 = 0,79 mol
=> mmui = 0,24.213 + 0,79.242 = 242,3 gam
Trang 7/6 Bi tp TN v Fe

Cu 23: nFeCO3 = nCO2 = nBaCO3 = 7,88/197 = 0,04 mol. BTNT Fe : nFe = 2nFe2O3 = 0,28 mol
=> nFe(oxit) = 0,28 0,04 = 0,24 mol => moxit = mX mFeCO3 = 23,2 0,04.16 = 18,56 gam
=> nO (oxit ) = ( 18,56 0,24.56 ) / 16 = 0,32 mol => Fe3O4 .
BTT : nHCl = nH+ = 2nCO3(2-) + 2 nO (oxit ) = 2.0,04 + 2.0,32 = 0,72 mol => V = 0,72/2 = 0,36 lit
= 36O ml
Cu 24: mFeO / mFe2O3 = 9/20 => nFeO = nFe2O3 => nFeCl2 = nFeCl3 = 0,05 mol => mFeCl2 = 0,05.127
= 6,35 gam
Cu 25: PTHH: Fe3O4 + 8HCl FeCl2 + 2FeCl3 + 4H2O
Fe + 2FeCl3 3FeCl2 Fe +
2HCl FeCl2 + H2
0,1 0,8
0,2
0,1 0,2
0,05
0,1
=> nHCl = 0,8 + 0,1 = 0,9 mol => V = 0,9 lit
Cu 26: mtng = mCO2 = 52,8 gam => nO ( b kh ) = nCO2 = 1,2 mol
=> Khi lng ca qung = mX + mO = 300,8 +1,2.16 = 320 gam .BTNT Fe : nFe2O3 =
nFe(NO3)3 = 0,8 mol
=> % mFe2O3 = 0,8.160/320.100% = 40%
Cu 27: BTNT Fe : nFeO + 3nFe3O4 = nFe(NO3)2 + nFe d => nFe(NO3)2 = 0,27.180 = 48,6 gam
Cu 28: Fe(NO3)2 Fe2O3 + 4NO2 + O2
2Fe(NO3)3 Fe2O3 + 6NO2 + 3/2 O2
a
2a
0,25a
a
3a
0,75a
T1 = ( 46.2a + 32.0,25a ) / ( 2a + 0,25a ) = 400/9
T2 = ( 46.3a + 32.0,75a ) / ( 3a + 0,75a ) = 43,2
=> T2 / T1 = 0,972 = > T2 = 0,972T1
Cu 29: Fe(OH)3 Fe2O3
107
80
gam

=> nFe2O3 = 7,02/ ( 107 80 ) = 0,26 mol = nFe


=> m Fe = 0,7mA + 5,6ne = 0,7mA + 5,6.2nSO2 => mA = 19,2

Cu 30: mrn = mBaSO4 = 30,29 gam => nS(X) = nBaSO4 = 0,13 mol. Quy i hn hp thnh Fe v S
Fe Fe3+ + 3e
S S+6 + 6e
N+5 + 3e NO
0,1
0,3
0,13
0,78
1,08 0,36
=> a = mFe + mS = 9,76 gam
Cu 31: FeO v Fe2O3 c cng s mol => quy i thnh FeO4 .Nhm : nFe3O4 = nNO2 = 0,3 mol
=> m = 0,3.232 = 69,6 gam
Cu 32: Cn li kim loi Cu khng tan => ion Fe tn ti trong dung dch sau phn ng l Fe2+.
Quy i hn hp A thnh Cu, Fe v O
Cu Cu2+ + 2e
Fe Fe2+ + 2e
O + 2e O2N+5 + 3e
NO
x
2x
y
2y
z
2z
0,02
Bo ton e : 2x + 2y 2z = 0,02 .Ta c : 64x + 56y +16z = 7,52 0,96 v 188x + 180y = 16,44
(cht rn khan )
Gii h ta c : x = 0,03 ; y = 0,06 v z = 0,08 => nFe : nO = y : z = => Fe3O4
Cu 33: CuO Cu(NO3)2
Fe3O4 3Fe(NO3)3
Trang 8/6 Bi tp TN v Fe

x
2x
2x
6x
Ta c : mmuoi = 188x + 6x.242 = 41 = > x = 0,025 mol => a = 80.0,025 + 23.0,05 = 13,6 gam

Trang 9/6 Bi tp TN v Fe

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