VAN PHN PHI

Valve phn phi c vi nguyn l hot ng nhng s dng nhiu nht l dng li con trt, c cc khe - rnh, chuyn ng trong lng (ng) v valve, c b tr cc ng chia du. Cc vai trn li con trt khi trng kht vi cc vai ca v valve s ng kn ng du. Khi li con trt cc v tr khc nhau, cc rnh bn trn con trt s c ni thng cc ng du trn v valve. Theo cch iu khin con trt, valve phn phi c gi tn l: 1- Valve phn phi in t: S dng 1 hoc 2 cun in t to ra lc in t y li con trt di chuyn.

2- Valve phn phi iu khin bng tay gt hoc cc cc c cu c kh khi cam-cc-cht y...

3- Valve phn phi c iu khin bng ngun cp thy lc hoc kh nn...

Nhiu khi cc valve c xp lin nhau to thnh mt khi s dng khi c nhiu c cu.

Hot ng ca van :
Hot ng ca SPV loi thng thng c chia lm ba giai on: Hnh trnh np, hnh trnh phun v hnh trnh kt thc phun. Mi giai on SPV c iu khin khc nhau to nn p sut nhin tng gim khc nhau lm thay i lng nhin liu phun. * Hnh trnh np: Khi kha in bt ON th cun dy ca van iu khin c cp in v xut hin t trng trong cun dy. Khi van iu khin s b t trng ca cun dy ht mnh v lm cho van ng cht ng hi du pha trn van chnh, ng thi piston bm cao p chuyn ng sang tri, nhin liu c cp vo bung bm nh bm np .

Hnh 4:Hnh trnh np nhin liu 1- Van iu khin; 2- Van chnh; 3- Bung bm; 4- Piston; 5- Van phn phi; 6- Vi phun. * Hnh trnh phun: Van iu khin vn ng ng du hi v bung bm cao p, piston chuyn ng sang phi lm cho nhin liu b nn v p sut tng ln, p lc do nhin liu to ra thng c l xo ng van phn phi, van phn phi m ra, nhin liu c bm qua van phn phi v theo ng dn ti cc vi phun .Ty theo khong thi gian tn hiu xung t ECU n van iu khin m lu lng n cc vi phun c iu chnh ph hp.

Hnh 5: Hnh trnh nn v phun nhin liu 1- Van iu khin; 2- Van chnh; 3- Bung bm; 4- Piston; 5- Van phn phi; 6- Vi phun. * Kt thc qu trnh phun: n khi cn kt thc qu trnh phun th tn hiu t ECU s iu khin ct in cun dy ca van iu khin, t trng trn cun dy b mt i, l xo s y van iu khin i ln, p sut bn trong bung van chnh gim, van chnh b y ln do p lc du t bm np, du c x v khoang bm v qu trnh phun kt thc.

Hnh 6: Kt thc qu trnh phun 1- Van iu khin; 2- Van chnh; 3- Bung bm; 4- Piston; 5- Van phn phi; 6- Vi phun. SPV loi iu khin trc tip: SPV loi trc tip gm c: mt cun dy, mt van in t v mt l xo. Khc vi SPV loi thng thng, loi SPV hot ng trc tip thch hp dng cho bm cao p c p sut cao, vi cc c im l mc thch ng v lu lng phun cao. Hn na, cc tn hiu t ECU c khch i bng EDU vn hnh van mc in p cao, khong 160 190 (V) khi van ng, sau van vn trng thi ng khi in p gim thp xung.

Hnh 7:Cu to SPV loi iu khin trc tip 1- Cun dy; 2- Van in t; 3- L xo Khi kha in bt ON th EDU s cp cho cun dy ca van in t mt in p khong 160 190 (V) v ngay sau n duy tr in p trn cun dy khong 60 80 (V). Khi van in t s b t trng ht mnh v lm cho van ng cht ca hi du v khoang bm cao p,nhin liu p sut cao c cp n cc vi phun, m bo qu trnh phun xy ra bnh thng. Khi mun kt thc qu trnh phun th tn hiu t ECU thng qua EDU iu khin ct in cun dy ca van in t, t trng ca cun dy b mt i, l xo s y van in t i ln,

ng thi p lc du cng y van ln trng thi m x du v khoang bm lm mt p sut phun, qu trnh phun kt thc. Ty theo khong thi gian tn hiu xung t ECU n van in t m lu lng n cc vi phun c iu chnh ph hp. Nh vy, SPV dng cho hai loi bm khc nhau c cu tao khc nhau nhng hot ng li tng t nh nhau.C hai u loi u da trn t trng ca cun dy iu khin van ng m ng du hi v khoang bm nhm iu chnh p sut phun v lng phun vo tng thi im.Tuy nhin, SPV loi iu khin trc tip ch dng mt van in t x p sut. Cn SPV loi thng thng van iu khin ng vai tr x phn p sut pha trn ca van chnh, to iu kin cho p sut trong khoang xylanh bm cao p y van chnh ln m ng x p sut v khoang bm v kt thc qu trnh phun. d. Van iu khin thi im phun TCV: Cu to chnh ca van TCV gm: li stator, l xo hi v v li chuyn ng.

Hnh 9:Cu trc b nh thi im phun Van TCV c iu khin bng t l thng trc xung. Khi in bt, di thi gian m van s iu khin p sut nhin liu trong piston ca b nh thi. Khi ECU cp in cho cun dy bng chui xung, di tc dng ca lc t li b ht v bn phi m ng du thng gia hai bung p lc ca b nh thi. Mc m ng du ny thay i theo t l thng trc ca xung. Do mt lng du p sut p1 qua van TCV s c p sut p1 tc ng vo hai pha ca piston nh thi. S cn bng lc gia lc do p sut p1 v lc l xo do lc p1 sinh ra s gi cho b nh thi v tr nht nh. Do vnh con ln cng mt v tr nht nh no to ra gc phun sm. Khi ECU ngng cp in, di tc dng ca lc l xo, li chuyn ng dch chuyn v bn tri ng ng du thng gia hai bung p lc. Khi xung iu khin c t l thng trc cao th p sut p1 ln. Do piston ca b nh thi chuyn ng sang tri lm xoay vnh con ln theo chiu ngc li vi chiu quay ca a cam lm sm thi im phun.

Hnh 11:Lm sm thi im phun Khi xung iu khin c t l thng trc gim th p sut p1 thp. Do piston ca b nh thi chuyn sang phi lm quay vnh con ln theo hng lm mun thi im phun.