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?? CH?NH TH?

C
S GD&T QUNG NAM
TRNG THPT L QU N

------------------

K THI HC SINH GII NM 2008


KHA NGY 13 - 4 - 2008
-------------- ** -------------

MN HA HC - LP 11
Thi gian: 150 pht (khng k thi gian giao )

Cu 1: Thm vo 1 lt dung dch CH3COOH 0,1M, Ka l 1,58.10-5 mt lng


HCl l 10-3 mol (th tch dung dch khng bin i). Xc nh pH ca dung dch
ny.
Cu 2: t chy x mol Fe bi oxi thu c 5,04 (g) hn hp A gm cc oxit
st. Ho tan hon ton A trong dung dch HNO 3 thu c 0,035 mol hn hp Y,
gm NO v NO2. T khi hi ca Y i vi H2 l 19. Tnh x.
Cu 3: Khi nung 25,9 (g) mui khan ca mt kim loi M ho tr II th c hi
nc v kh cacbonic thot ra. Sau khi lm lnh, kh thot ra dn qua lng d than
nung th sau khi phn ng hon ton c th tng 2,24 (l) (ktc). Xc nh cng
thc mui nung.(Ba:137 ; Ca:40 ; Mg:24 ; Zn:65 ; Fe:56 )
Cu 4: Cho 18,5 (g) hn hp Z gm Fe, Fe3O4 tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch
HNO3 long un nng v khuy u. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c
2,24 (l) kh NO duy nht (ktc), dung dch Z1 v cn li 1,46 (g) kim loi.
Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch HNO3 v khi lng mui Z1.
Cu 5: Hn hp kh X gm 2 anken k tip nhau trong dy ng ng. t
chy hon ton 5 lit hn hp X cn va 18 lit kh oxi (cc th tch kh o cng
iu kin nhit , p sut).
1. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca 2 anken
2. Hirat ho hon ton mt th tch X vi iu kin thch hp thu c hn hp
ru Y.
Trong t l v khi lng cc ru bc mt so vi ru bc hai l 28:15
Xc nh % khi lng mi ru trong hn hp Y.
Cu 6: Ch dng nc, kh cacbonic hy nu phng php nhn bit 5 l bt
trng mt nhn l: NaCl, Na2SO4, CaCO3, Na2CO3, CaCO3, BaSO4.
Cu 7: Ho tan 5 mui NaCl, NH4Cl, AlCl3, Na2S, C6H5ONa vo nc thnh 5
dung dch, sau cho vo mi dung dch mt t qu tm. Hi dung dch c mu g?
Cu 8: Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng ho hc sau:
a. H2XO3 + Cl2 + +
+
b. XO2
+ H2X
NaCl + XO +
c. Na2 XO3 +
2

d. HYO3 + Cu
+ YO +
e. Cu(YO3)2 + YO2 +
f. YO2
+ + HYO3
g. HYO3 + X H2XO4 + YO2 +
h. Ba(YO3)2 + HYO3 +
Cu 9: Tch cc cht kh ra khi hn hp gm etilen, axetilen, metan.

Cu 10: Vit cc phng trnh phn ng thc hin dy bin ho sau (cc cht
vit di dng cng thc cu to).
C5H10O C5H10Br2O C5H9Br3 C5H12O3 C8H12O6
Cho bit cht ng vi cng thc phn t C5H10O l mt ru bc III, mch h.
-------------------Ht---------------P N THI HC SINH GII LP 11
MN: HO.
Ni Dung
Cu 1: (2,00 im) Khi thm 10-3 mol HCl l thm vo 10-3 mol H3O+.
CH3COOH + H2O CH3COO- + H3O+
Nng ban u 0,1
10-3
Nng phn ng x
x
x
-3
Cn bng 0,1 x
x
10 + x

im
0.5 ()

0.5 ()

x(10 3 + x)
= 1,58.10 5
0,1 x

Ta c: Ka =
x = 8,5.10 4 ( M )

[ H ] = 10
+

+ x = 1,85.10 3 pH = 2,73

0,5 ()
0,5 ()

Cu 2: (2 im)

nO2 = b(mol ); nNO = p (mol ); nNO2 = q (mol )

ta c: 56x + 32b = 5,04 (1)


p + q = 0,035

p = q = 0,0175
30 p + 46q
0,035 = 38

Qu trnh oxi ho Fe - 3e Fe3+


Qu trinh kh: O + 4e 2O2-

0,5 ()

0,5 ()

NO3 + 4 H + 3e NO + 2 H 2 O

0,5 ()

NO3 + 2 H + + 1e NO2 + H 2 O

Ta c: 3x = 4b + 3* 0,0175 + 0,0175
3x 4b = 0,07 (2)
t (1) v (2) x = 0,07
Cu 3: (2 im)
Sn phm sau khi nung l hi nc v kh CO2 nn mui khan dng l
M(HCO3)2.
Trng hp 1: Ch xy ra phn ng
M(HCO3)2
to
MCO3 + CO2 + H2O (1)
Sau khi lm lnh, ch cn kh CO2
CO2 + C
to 2 CO (2)
Sau phn ng (2) th tch kh tng 2,24 lt nn:
s mol CO2= s mol mui = 0,1

0,5 ()

0,5 ()
0,5 ()
0,5 ()

Mmui= M + (61*2) = 259 suy ra M = 137 (Ba)


Cng thc Ba(HCO3)2

Trng hp 2: Khi nung xy ra phn ng


M(HCO3)2

to

MO + 2CO2 + H2O

s mol CO2 = s mol mui = 0,05


Mmui = M + (61*2) = 518 suy ra M= 396 (loi)
Cu 4: (2 im)
Fe + 4HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O (1)

0,5 ()

3Fe3O4 + 28 HNO3 9Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 14H2O (2)


2Fe(NO3)3 + Fe 3Fe(NO3)2 (3)

0,5 ()

Gi x, y l s mol Fe v Fe3O4 phn ng. Ta c


56x + 232y =18,5 1,46 = 17,04 (a)
2x + y = 0,1 * 3 + 3y
x y = 0,15 (b)

0,5 ()

gii (a) v (b) suy ra x= 0,18, y=0,03


s mol HNO3 = (0,18 + 0,03*3)*2 + 0,1 = 0,64
nng HNO3 = 0,64/0,2 = 3,2 M

0,5 ()
0,5 ()

Khi lng mui Fe(NO3)2 = (0,18 + 0,03*3) * 180 = 48,6


Cu 5: (2 im)
1. Tm cng thc phn t ca hai anken
t cng thc ca hai anken l CnH2n (n l s nguyn t cacbon trung bnh ca hai
anken, n> 2)
2 CnH2n + 3 nO2 2n CO2 + 2nH2O (1)

0,5 ()

2/5= 3n/18 n = 2,4


Cng thc phn t ca hai anken

0,5 ()

C2H4 v C3H6
2. Phn trm khi lng mi ru trong Y
CH2=CH2 + H2O CH3-CH2OH (2)
CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O CH3-CH(OH)-CH3 (3)
CH3-CH=CH2 + H2O CH3-CH2-CH2(OH) (4)
Gi s c 1 mol hn hp X em hirat ho, trong c b mol C3H6
v (1-b) mol C2H4
3b + 2(1-b) = 2,4
b= 0,4 (mol) C H v 1-b = 0,6 (mol) C H
3 6
2 4

Theo (2), (3), (4) s mol nc= s mol anken = 1(mol)


Theo nh lut bo ton khi lng:
mY = mX + H2O = 0,4*42 + 0,6*28 + 1*18 = 51,6 (g)
Theo bi:

0,5 ()

khi lng ru bc 1/ khi lng ru bc 2 = 28/15


% CH3-CH2OH = 53,49%

0,5 ()

% CH3-CH(OH)-CH3 = 34,88%
% CH3-CH2-CH2(OH) = 11,63%
0,5 ()
Cu 6: (2,5 im)
Cho 5 cht vo 5 ng nghim c nc thy c 3 cht tan l: Na2SO4, Na2CO3,
NaCl, v hai cht khng tan: CaCO3, BaSO4.
-

0,5 ()

Sc kh CO2 vo ng nghim cha 2 cht khng tan, thy c mt cht tan


l CaCO3.

CaCO3 + CO2 + H2O Ca(HCO3)2


-

Ly dung dch Ca(HCO3)2 va thu c cho vo 3 ng nghim cha mui

0,5 ()

natri, thy mt ng nghim khng to kt ta l NaCl, cn hai ng nghim


kia to kt ta trng:

0,5 ()

Ca(HCO3)2 + Na2SO4 CaSO4 + 2NaHCO3


Ca(HCO3)2 + Na2CO3 CaCO3 + 2NaHCO3
-

0,5 ()

Sc kh CO2 vo 2 kt ta va to thnh, thy mt kt ta tan l CaCO3,


suy ra dung dch ban u l Na2CO3.

Kt ta cn li khng tan l CaSO4 suy ra dung dch ban u l Na2SO4

0,5 ()
0,5 ()

Cu 7: (1,5 im)

0,5 ()

Khi ho tan NaCl; CH4Cl; AlCl3; Na2S; C6H5ONa vo nc th:


-

Dung dch NH4Cl; AlCl3 c pH <7: qu tm mu .

Dung dch Na2S; C6H5ONa c pH > 7: qu tm c mu xanh

Dung dch NaCl v pH = 7: qu tm vn gi mu tm.

0,25
()

Cu 8: (2 im)

0,25

Cc phng trnh phn ng ho hc:

()

i. a. H2SO3 + Cl2 + H2O = H2SO4 + 2HCl


j. SO2

+ 2H2S

= 3S + 2H2O

0,25
()
0,25

k. Na2 SO3 + 2HCl


l. 8HNO3

+ 3Cu

m. 2Cu(NO3)2

= 2NaCl + SO2 + H2O


= 3Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO + 4H2O

= 2CuO + 4NO2 + O2

()
0,25
()
0,25

n. 4NO2

+ O2 + 2H2O = 4HNO3

()

o. 6HNO3

+ S = H2SO4 + 6NO2 + 2H2O

0,25

p. Ba(NO3)2 + H2SO4 = 2HNO3 + BaSO4

()
0,25
()

Cu 9: (2 im)
Dn hn hp kh qua dung dch AgNO3/NH3
-

C2H2 b gi li v CH4, C2H4 thot ra

CHCH + [Ag(NH3)2]OH CAg CAg + 4NH3+ 2H2O

0,5 ()

CAg CAg + 2HCl CHCH + 2AgCl


CH4, C2H4 thot ra dn vo dung dch brom
-

C2H4 b gi li, CH4 thot ra

0,5 ()
0,5 ()

C2H4 + Br2 C2H4Br2


C2H4Br2 + Zn C2H4 + ZnBr2
-

CH4 thot ra thu c CH4.

0,5 ()

Cu 10: (2 im)
CH3
CH2 = CH C - OH + Br2

CH3

CH3

CH2 - CH - C - OH + H2O
Br

Br CH3

CH3

CH3

CH2 CH C - OH + HBr

CH2 - CH - C - Br + H2O

Br

Br

Br

CH3
CH3

Br

Br

CH3

CH3

OH

OH

0,5 ()

CH3

CH2 - CH - C - Br + NaOH CH2 CH C - OH + 3NaBr


Br

0,5 ()

CH3

0,5 ()

CH3

CH3

CH2 - CH - C - OH + 3HCOOH CH2 CH C CH3 + 2H2O


OH

OH CH3

HCOO HCOO HCOO

0,5 ()

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