Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

M AU

0.1 XUAT X CUA D AN Trong nhng nam gan ay, nham thc hien chien lc cong nghiep hoa, hien ai hoa ma tnh Bnh Dng a e ra, Bnh Dng a khong ngng thu hut cac d an au t trong va ngoai nc. Cac cum, khu cong nghiep tap trung cua tnh a lap ay tren 70% dien tch c Chnh Phu phe duyet. Nhng ket qua to ln o, a a Bnh Dng t mot tnh ngheo nay tr thanh mot tnh manh ve cong nghiep va la mot trong t tnh ong gop ln ngan sach cho Nha Nc. Xa An Bnh thuoc huyen D An, tnh Bnh Dng la khu vc nam trong vung kinh te trong iem pha Nam, cach trung tam thanh pho Ho Ch Minh khoang 15 km, cach th xa Thu Dau Mot khoang 20 km, nam oi dien cong Khu Cong Nghiep Song Than, kha nang thu hut au t xay dng la rat cao. Do o oi hoi phai xay dng cac khu dan c va dch vu nham ap ng nhu cau sinh hoat cua cong nhan va cac nha au t. D an khu dan c Nam Thnh c thc hien trc het ap ng c nhu cau at ai hp phap cho cac oi tng khac nhau, ac biet la cac nhu cau cua cong nhan trong cac khu cong nghiep. D an gop phan tranh c cac tnh trang xay dng cac khu dan c t phat, lon xon, chap va (la c s cho cac khu nha o chuot trong tng lai). ong thi d an cung ap ng c nhu cau o th hoa nong thon, nhu cau tai nh c cua hang tram ho gia nh phai di di trong d an xay dng khu cong nghiep trong vung. Vi mot tnh ang tren a phat trien manh ve kinh te xa hoi, th viec xay dng khu dan c Nam Thnh la mot trong nhng d an het sc can thiet nham ap ng nhu cau phat trien khach quan cua nen kinh te va phu hp vi xu the phat trien o th trong tng lai. 0.2 CAN C PHAP LUAT VE KY THUAT CUA VIEC THC HIEN ANH GIA TAC ONG MOI TRNG (TM) Luat Bao Ve Moi Trng c Quoc Hoi nc Cong Hoa Xa Hoi Chu Ngha Viet Nam khoa IX, ky hop th 8, thong qua ngay 29 thang 11 nam 2005. Can c Ngh nh so 91/2002/N-CP ngay 11 thang 11 nam 2002 cua Chnh Phu quy nh chc nang, nhiem vu, Trang 1-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu quyen han va c cau to chc cua Bo Tai Nguyen Moi Trng. Quyet nh so 22/2006/Q-BTNMT ngay 18 thang 12 nam 2006 cua Bo Trng Bo Tai Nguyen va Moi Trng ve viec bat buoc ap dung Tieu Chuan Viet Nam ve moi trng. Quyet nh so 328/2005/QTTg ngay 12 thang 12 nam 2005 ve viec phe duyet ke hoach quoc gia kiem soat o nhiem moi trng en nam 2010. Ngh nh 16/2005/N-CP ngay 07/02/2005 cua Chnh Phu ban hanh quan ly d an au t xay dng cong trnh. Quyet nh so 10/2005/Q-BXD ngay 15/04/2005 cua Bo Xay Dng ve viec ban hanh nh mc chi ph lap d an va au xay dng cong trnh. Quyet nh so 11/2005/Q-BXD ngay 15/04/2005 cua Bo Xay Dng ve viec ban hanh nh mc chi ph lap d an va thiet ke xay dng cong trnh. Ngh nh so 81/N-CP ngay 09/08/2006 cua Chnh Phu quy nh x phat vi pham hanh chnh ve bao ve moi trng. Ngh nh so 80/2006/N-CP ngay 09/08/2006ve viec quy nh chi tiet va hng dan thi hanh mot so ieu cua Luat Bao ve moi trng. Thong t so 08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngay 8/9/2006 ve hng dan lap va tham nh bao cao anh gia tac ong moi trng chien lc, anh gia tac ong moi trng va cam ket bao ve moi trng cua cac d an au t. Hng dan lap bao cao ang gia tac ong moi trng cho d an phat trien cum cong nghiep cua Cuc Moi Trng ban hanh (Ha Noi-1999). Ngh nh so 67/2003/N-CP ngay 13 thang 06 nam 2003 Ngh nh cua chnh phu ve ph bao ve moi trng oi vi nc thai. Thong t so 125/2003/TTLT BTC BTNMT ngay 18/12/2003 cua Bo trng BTN & MT ve hng dan thc hien ngh nh so 67/2003/N-CP cua Chnh phu ve thu ph moi trng oi vi nc thai. Quyet nh so 3733/2002/Q-BYT ngay 10/10/2002 cua Bo trng Bo Y te ve ban hanh 21 tieu chuan ve sinh lao ong.

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Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu - Nghi nh so 71/2001/N-CP ngay 05/10/2001 cua chnh phu ve u ai au t xay dng nha e ban va cho thue. Cong van 282/TB.UBND Ngay 25 thang 07 nam 2006 ve ket qua cuoc hop thong qua o an quy hoach khu dan c Nam Thnh, xa An Bnh, huyen D An, tnh Bnh Dng. Cong van so 435/UB-SX ngay 31 thang 01 nam 2005 ve viec lap d an xay dng chung c va nha cho ngi lao ong.

0.3 TO CHC THC HIEN BAO CAO Bao cao anh gia tac ong moi trng cho Khu Dan C Nam Thnh do chu au t Cong Ty Co Phan Thng Mai Xay Dng Hy a ch tr thc hin cung vi t van lp bao cao Cong Ty TNHH ng Dung Va Phat Trien Cong Nghe Moi Trng ATE. Qua trnh soan thao bao cao bao gom cac bc: Su ve xa tai tam va thu thap cac so lieu, van ban can thiet ieu kien t nhien, moi trng, ieu kien kinh te hoi, luan chng kha thi ve d an, cac van ban, lieu khac co lien quan.

Khao sat, ieu tra hien trang cac thanh phan moi trng theo cac phng phap chuan bao gom lay mau phan tch chat lng nc mat, chat lng nc ngam cac gieng khoan trong khu vc, chat lng moi trng khong kh va moi trng at. ieu tra, khao sat ieu kien kinh te - xa hoi khu vc se thc thi d an va vung phu can. Thc hien anh gia tac ong cua D an en cac yeu to moi trng va kinh te xa hoi. e xuat cac giai phap ky thuat cong nghe, to chc ieu hanh nham khac phuc cac tac ong tieu cc en moi trng cua D an.

Bien soan bao cao TM va bao ve trc hoi ong xet duyet bao cao TM cac cap theo ung trnh t quy nh cua Bo Tai Nguyen & Moi Trng.

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Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

CHNG 1:

MO TA TOM TAT D AN
1.1 TEN D AN Khu Dan C Nam Thnh 1.2 CHU D AN - Chu au t: Cong Ty Co Phan Dch Vu Thng Mai Xay Dng Hy a a ch tru s chnh: 166/8 ao Duy Anh, P.9, Q. Phu Nhuan, TP Ho Ch Minh ien thoai : 08.9973843 Fax : 08.8475511 Ngi ai dien theo phap luat cua cong ty: Ong Nguyen Xuan Thang Chc danh: Giam oc

1.3 V TR A LY CUA D AN D an thanh lap khu dan c Nam Thnh toa lac tai 137/4A ng Xuyen A, xa An Bnh, huyen D An, Tnh Bnh Dng vi tong dien tch la 12.730,6 m2. ac trng cua khu vc d an nh sau: La vung at pha Nam cua tnh Bnh Dng, nam trong vung kinh te trong iem pha Nam, cach Th Xa Thu Dau Mot 20km, cach trung tam thanh pho Ho Ch Minh 15 km, thanh pho Bien Hoa 15 km, thanh pho Vung Tau 100 km. Nam gia 3 cum khu dan c ln khoang 400.000 dan la Thu c, D An, Lai hieu. Nam gia 4 khu cong nghiep: Song Than I, Song Than II, Bnh ng, ong An va 2 khu che xuat Linh Trung I, Linh Trung II.

1.3.1 Cac hng tiep giap Cac hng tiep giap cua d an vi khu vc xung quanh nh sau: - Pha Bac giap Quoc lo 1A oan cau vt Song Than. - Pha ong giap at khu dan c hien hu. - Pha Nam giap at khu dan c hien hu. - Pha Tay giap at khu dan c hien hu. S o bo tr mat bang cua d an nam trong phan phu luc. 1.3.2 Hien trang c s ha tang ni trien khai d an Trang 4-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Hien trang a hnh Khu vc quy hoach tng oi thap, bang phang, hau het la at trong. o cao so vi mc nc bien la 32m. o doc trung bnh khoang 1 3 %, theo hng t Bac xuong Nam, t Tay sang ong, rat thuan li cho thoat nc ma va xay dng c s ha tang thoat nc. Hien trang s dung at Khu vc chu yeu la at trong. Hien trang s dung at c trnh bay theo bang 1.1
Bang 1.1 Bang hien trang s dung at ST T 01 02 LOAI AT Khu A: at tho c Khu B: at rau mau Cong DIEN TCH (m2) 5036,6 7694,0 12730,6 T LE (%) 39,56 60,44 100

Nhn chung ay la khu vc kha thuan li e xay dng mot khu dan c tap trung do giai toa t, ieu kien xay dng thuan li, ket noi ha tang de dang. 1.3.3 Hien trang xay dng cong trnh kien truc Nha Trong khu vc lap d an a co mot so hang rao va nha xay tam. Cac hang rao nay thng tap trung tai cac loi i cong cong lien xa, cac nha xay tam nam rai rac trong khu at. Hien trang cong trnh cong cong Cac cong trnh cong cong hau nh khong co, ch co mot so hang rao do dan t lap. 1.3.4 Hien trang giao thong Khu vc quy hoach hien la vung at ang c phat trien xay dng c ban, dan c xung quanh khu vc rat nhon nhp, ng giao thong noi bo ch la ng at hnh thanh t phat phuc vu nhu cau i lai cua cac ho dan c trong khu vc. 1.3.5 Hien trang cap nc Trong khu at d kien xay dng khu dan c hien a co he thong cap nc sinh hoat. Tuy nhien van con tnh trang khai thac nc ngam ba bai.

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Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu 1.3.6 Hien trang cap ien Trong khu vc cha co tuyen ien cao the. Khu vc noi bo co mot tram ien ha the trc ay dung phuc vu cho xng che bien go. Do dan c tha nen lng ien tieu thu cho sinh hoat rat t, mang li cot ien day dan xay dng tam vi nhieu loai tru khac nhau. Mang li ien pha ngoai nam doc ng Xuyen A la tuyen cap ien chnh cua khu vc va la c s e cap ien cho d an khi i vao hoat ong. 1.3.7 Hien trang thoat nc Hien tai trong khu vc khong co he thong thoat nc ban. Nc thai sinh hoat t cac ho dan thai t do va tham xuong at. Do mat o dan c tha, khuon vien at ln nen cha xuat hien van e o nhiem moi trng do nc thai. 1.4 ANH GIA HIEN TRANG 1.4.1 Thuan li Khu vc quy hoach phan ln la at trong, at nong nghiep co gia tr kinh te thap, khong co cac cong trnh kien truc quy mo nen cong tac en bu thu hoi at kha thuan li. at nam ngay tren ng Xuyen A nen van chuyen vat lieu xay dng va quy hoach thoat nc rat de dang. at ai co a hnh tng oi phang, nen at cng nen chi ph xay dng t ton kem. Co v tr rat thuan li: nam ngay cau vt Song Than; nam sat ben canh Thu c, ong Nai, nam gan thanh pho Ho Ch Minh, mot trung tam van hoa xa hoi cua ca nc va la hat nhan cua Vung Kinh Te Trong iem Pha Nam. La mot vung ang co nhu cau ve nha rat ln phuc vu cho viec phat trien kinh te xa hoi cua khu vc. 1.4.2 Kho khan Cung nh hau het cac d an quy hoach, kho khan nhat van la cong tac en bu giai toa. 1.5 NOI DUNG CHU YEU CUA D AN 1.5.1 Tnh chat va quy mo d an Tnh chat ay la khu dan c, nha phuc vu cho nhieu oi tng khac nhau, ac biet la phuc vu cho nhu cau nh c cua ngi lao ong. Trang 6-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Khu qui hoach d kien xay dng Khu Dan C Nam Thnh se la khu dan c mi vi he thong ha tang ky thuat va cac cong trnh hoan chnh a vao s dung. Vi viec hnh thanh Khu Dan C Nam Thnh se gop phan vao s phat trien bo mat kien truc cua khu vc . Khu dan c mang tnh chat o th hien ai vi cac c s ha tang ong bo se cung cap nhieu kha nang chon la ve ni cho cac oi tng nh: Quy mo Viec xac nh quy mo cac cong trnh trong d an c can c vao quy chuan xay dng hien hanh, ong thi can oi tren nhu cau co thc va d phong phat trien cua khu dan c trong tng lai gan. Qui mo s dung at: 12.730,6 m2 ; bao gom 89 can ho, bo tr can ho theo dang nha pho lien ke. D an xay dng ay u ha tang can thiet phuc vu cho o th hien ai. 1.5.2 Quy hoach bo cuc kien truc Qua khao sat ve hien trang khu at d an, v tr, ieu kien, quy mo cua cong trnh cung nh nhu cau xay dng cua chu au t, co the a ra phng an quy hoach nh sau: a. Quy hoach s dung at. Quy hoach s dung at cho khu vc d an c trnh bay trong bang 1.2 Bang 1.2 Quy hoach s dung at ST T 1 2 3 Loai at at at cong vien cay xanh at giao thong Cong Dien tch X.D (m2) 6.735 1.403 4.592,6 12.730,6 T le (%) 53,00 11,02 35,98 100

b.

Quy hoach giao thong.

Cac ng giao thong noi bo rong 13 m (3+7+3) bo tr doc khu vc qui hoach t bac xuong Nam, ong thi bo tr ao cay xanh pha Nam khu at. Trang 7-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu c. Quy hoach cong trnh cay xanh. Khu quy hoach c chia lam 2 khu : Khu dan c pha ong va khu dan c pha Tay c ngan cach bi ng giao thong va cong vien cay xanh. Cay xanh tham co c bo tr bao boc xung quanh khu qui hoach va chen vao cac cong trnh tao cac khoang xanh thoang cai thien ieu kien moi trng trong khu vc qui hoach. Do a hnh co o doc t Bac xuong Nam nen khu x ly nc thai c bo tr cuoi khu at giap vi ng lien xa. 1.5.3 Quy hoach ha tang ky thuat Can c vao qui hoach tong the Kinh TeXa Hoi, tnh hnh hien trang va tieu chuan qui pham hien hanh. Xac nh cac ch tieu kinh te ky thuat nh sau: - Mat o c tru : 300 -350 ngi /ha - Dien tch san cho 1 ngi : 12 15m2/ngi - Mat o xay dng trung bnh : 70% - Ch tieu cap nc sinh hoat : 120 -150 Lt/ngi ng - Ch tieu cap ien sinh hoat : 1500 kwh/ ngi nam a. Quy hoach cap nc Muc tieu cap nc am bao cap nc an toan, lien tuc e phuc vu sinh hoat cho khu dan c vi cac yeu cau u lu lng, ung ap lc va at tieu chuan ve sinh cho phep. oi tng va pham vi cap nc Cap cho khu dan c va cac cong trnh trong khu quy hoach. Pham vi cap nc c tnh toan cho khu vc vi quy mo dan so d kien la: 350 ngi, vi tieu chuan cap nc nh sau : Nhu cau dung nc cho sinh hoat vi tieu chuan 150 lt/ngi/ ngay. Nc dung cho ti cay ra ng: tam tnh bang 10% nhu cau nc sinh hoat (Qsh). Nc that thoat, ro r: tam tnh bang 20% nhu cau dung nc (Qnc). Tnh toan lu lng cap nc Lu lng nc sinh hoat

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Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

Q =

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

N * q sh * K n 350 *150 * 1,2 = 63 m/ng 1000 1000

Trong o: N : dan so tnh toan (N = 350 ngi) qsh : tieu chuan dung nc (q = 150 l/ngi.ngay) Kn : he so dung nc khong ieu hoa (k = 1,2) Lu lng nc ti cay, ra ng Qt = 10% x Qsh = 10% x 63 m3/ng = 6 m3/ng Lu lng nc cha chay Lu lng cap nc cha chay q = 10l/s cho mot am chay theo TCVN. So am chay xay ra ong thi mot luc la 1 (So dan di 5000 th so am chay xay ra ong thi la 1)
Qcc = q CC * n * T 10 * 1 * 3 * 3600 = = 108 m/ng 1000 1000

Trong o: qCC : tieu chuan dung nc cha chay (= 10 l/s) n : so am chay xay ra theo tieu chuan (=1) T : thi gian d tr nc tnh toan (=3 gi) Lu lng nc cap cho cac cong trnh cong cong Qctcc = 15% x Qsh = 15% x 63 m3/ng = 9.5 m3/ng Tong lu lng nc hu ch
Qhi = Qsh + Qt + QCC + Qctcc = 63 + 6 + 9.5 + 108 = 186 .5 m/ng

Lu lng nc ro r :
Qrr = 20 % * Qhi = 20 * 186 .5 = 37 m/ng 100

Tong lu lng dung nc trong ngay :

Q = Qhi + Qrr = 186 .5 + 37 = 223 .5 m/ng

Lu lng cap nc trong toan d an c trnh bay trong bang 1.3 Bang 1.3 Cong suat cap nc cua d an St Cac yeu to tnh Nhu cau 3 t toan (m /ngay) Trang 9-

Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu 1 Nc sinh hoat Qsh 2 Nc cho ti cay Lu lng nc cha 3 chay Lu lng nc cong 4 trnh cong cong Nc that thoat, ro 5 r Lu lng tnh toan

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc 63 6 108 9.5 37 223.5

- Lu lng can thiet Qctngay = Qngay max = Qmax x Kngay max = 223.5 x1.4 = 313m3/ngay. Trong o: Kmax ngay. Qcts = Qctngayx Kgi max/86400= 313/86400 = 0.0036 m3/s. Nguon nc cap Nguon nc ngam: Cha co tai lieu anh gia nguon nc ngam cho rieng khu xay dng. Theo quy hoach chung cua xa An Bnh th nguon nc sinh hoat cap cho toan xa c lay t nha may nc D An II, nguon nc cap cho khu vc qui hoach la ng ong d=150mm nam tren ng re t cau vt Song Than. ay se la nguon cap nc cho d an. Nguon nc phuc vu cho Khu dan c Nam Thnh c au noi t ng ong nc hien hu chay qua ben ngoai theo quy hoach chung. Mang li phan phoi nc trong khu dan c la mang li cap nc vong va cac ng ong nhanh phan phoi en cac lo nha. Xung quanh khu vc, doc cac tuyen ng giao thong bo tr cac tru cha chay ch san tai cac v tr can thiet, de thay va thuan tien cho viec cha chay khi xay ra chay no. Giai phap thiet ke va xay dng mang ng ong cap nc - V tr at ong, o sau chon ong + Bo tr ng ong tuy theo cac loai ng. + o sau chon ong : T mat at en nh ong = 0,4m, ong i di nen co ben trong trien le; + Mng at ong t le 1/3 theo chieu ng. Cac bien phap thi cong Noi ong bang phng phap thuc ong bang joint va thi cong theo phng phap cuon chieu. Trang 10ngay

= 1.4: he so dung nc khong ieu hoa

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Th ap lc ong trc khi s dung theo quy nh sau :
Q =C*N *D* P 1850

Trong o : Q : lng nc them vao tnh bang GALON D : ng knh ong tnh bang INCH P : ap lc tnh bang PSI N : so moi lan th C : he so ke en loai moi noi (C=0,5) Ap lc th la 6 kg/cm + Kh trung bang dung dch Clorua, ham lng Clorua d sau 24 gi la 10 mg/l. + am bao an toan lao ong, an toan giao thong theo quy nh hien hanh. + am bao an toan ve sinh moi trng. + Khi thi cong phai ket hp vi c quan quan ly cong trnh ngam e c hng dan bao am an toan cho cac cong trnh ngam. + Tuan thu quy nh cua cac nganh: Giao Thong Cong Chanh, Cong an, Uy Ban Nhan Dan tnh, Chnh quyen a phng va Chu au t. He thong cap nc cha chay Trong khu xay dng bo tr 4 hong lay nc cha chay cuc bo. Theo quy hoach he thong cap nc cha chay cho toan khu qui hoach (lu lng cap nc cha chay q = 10 l/s cho 1 am chay, so am chay xay ra ong thi 1 luc la 1 am chay TCVN 2662 1995). Da vao he thong cap nc chnh cua khu quy hoach co bo tr 4 hong lay nc cha chay. Khi co s co chay can bo sung them nguon nc mat cua cac rach gan nhat. b. Quy hoach thoat nc San nen Tan dung a hnh t nhien, san gat cuc bo e chuan b xay dng mat bang khu dan c va am bao thoat nc ma t chay. Mat khac phai am bao c o doc cua ng khong vt qua 0,6% e giao thong thuan li vi cac phng tien giao thong tho s va cac dong chay manh trong mua ma, gay xoi mon be mat. Cao o mat ng khi hoan thien thap hn cao o nen at xay dng 0,2m e am bao thoat nc mat va s lien he gia khu vc xay dng va cac ng c thuan li. at ao ap can bang tai cho va cac van chuyen t ni khac en, lap cao o va o doc doc cua ng e Trang 11-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu khong che cao o thi cong, ch tieu o doc doc ng ln nhat 0,01; o doc doc ng nho nhat 0,002; o doc ngang ng 0,015. Thoat nc ma Nguyen tac chung: Tat ca cac khu at, lo at eu c bo tr he thong thoat nc ma am bao thoat nc nhanh, khong gay ngap ung trong tran ma vi chu ky ngap P = 2. Giai phap o doc tnh toan nho nhat theo ng knh trong ; I=1/ Chu ky tran cong: chon p = 2 nam e am bao t lam sach, van toc trong ong tnh toan nh sau: 200 ; v = 0,7 m/ s 300, 400 ; v = 0,8 m/ s 500, 600 ; v = 1 m/ s Trong pham vi khu vc d kien xay dng cong trnh, doc ng noi bo se xay dng he thong cong kn co tiet dien t 400mm 600mm . Hng thoat: Mang li thoat nc ma c thiet ke lam 2 lu vc thoat nc chnh tuy theo a hnh va cac ieu kien thoat nc. Nc ma trong khu qui hoach c thu ve cac ho ga at doc theo cac va he cua ng giao thong. T cac ho ga nay va cac ong BTCT, nc ma c dan ve pha cuoi khu at va c thoat ra ng Bnh ng 3 thong qua ng lien xa. Thoat nc thai sinh hoat - Ch tieu va lu lng nc thai + He so dung nc khong ieu hoa Kngay = 1,3 Kgi =2,5 + Tnh toan lu lng nc thai sinh hoat : Lng nc thai sinh hoat co the c tnh bang 80% nc cap. Do o Qth = 80% Qsh = 80% x 63 m3/ng = 50,4 m3/ng. Nc thai sinh hoat t cac lo nha trong vc khu dan c c dan thoat ra theo he thong cong thoat nc ban trong khu vc sau khi a c x ly s bo qua be t hoai. He thong cong chung nay se c dan ve Khu x ly nc thai. Sau khi x ly at tieu chuan cho phep TCVN 6772-2000, mc III, nc thai se c phep thoat ra he thong cong chung ben ngoai. (i ong BTCT tren ng lien xa dan ra ng Bnh ng 3), iem xa thai cuoi cung cua he thong thoat nc ca khu vc chay qua kenh Trang 12-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Go Da va nhap vao song Sai Gon. ng ong thoat nc ng Bnh 3 la mng h vi chieu rong 70cm, chieu cao 100cm u ap ng yeu cau ve tai lng nc thai t khu dan c. He thong thoat nc ban bao gom cong thoat nc BTCT 300 va cac ho ga thoat nc. Phng hng quy hoach chung. - Theo phng hng quy hoach thoat nc ban Xa An Bnh a c phe duyet tai cac khu xay dng mi tap trung, hai he thong cong thoat nc ma va nc thai c thiet ke rieng biet ngay t au, nc thai ban phai c x ly cuc bo khi cha xay xong tram x ly nc thai tap trung khu vc. - Trong giai oan au xay dng be lang loc cac chat thai ran, nc ban sau khi qua he thong lang loc at tieu chuan di mc III (TCVN 6772 2000) e thoat ra tram x ly nc thai khu qui hoach. c. Quy hoach mang li cap ien D tru phu tai ien - Tong can ho : 89 can ho - Cong suat tnh toan moi can ho : 5,5 kw - Cong suat tram x ly nc thai : 35 kw - Cong suat chieu sang ngoai nha : 2 kw - Vi he so ong thi KC = 0,7; he so cong suat cos = 0,8 - Cong suat tnh toan: Ptt= (89*5,5+35+2)*0,7= 369kw - Cong suat bieu kien S= Ptt/cos =418*0.8=522KVA - Chon may bien ap : 560KVA Nguon ien Nguon ien cap cho Khu Dan C Nam Thnh se c lay t li ien trung the gan khu vc. Tram ha the Tram ha the xay dng mi can co 2 cap ien ap 1522/0,4KV. e cung cap ien ha the cho cac phu tai cho khu qui hoach can xay dng mot tram 22-15/0,4KV vi cong suat at la 560 KVA . Li ien Li trung the: D kien se xay dng mi 1 mach cap ngam 22KV au noi t li trung the hien hu gan khu qui hoach keo en tram bien the cua khu qui hoach. S dung Trang 13-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu cap ong kho boc cach ien 24KV, tiet dien 50mm2, i trong ong nha chu lc 114 chon ngam di at. Li ha the : T tram bien the cua khu qui hoach, xay dng mi cac tuyen cap ngam ha the cap ien cho cac tu ien tong cua tng khu vc phu tai Li ha the c i trong ong nha chu lc chon ngam trong at. He thong chieu sang Li ha the chieu sang: S dung cap ong boc cach ien CCV3X25/PVC42 e cap ien cho he thong chieu sang. Cap chieu sang c i trong ong nha chu lc 42. Tru chieu sang: s dung tru thep trang kem hnh con bat giac cao 7m (chieu sang ng giao thong noi bo). en chieu sang: Dung en cao ap Sodium anh sang vang 150W 220V. Bo tr chieu sang: Bo tr chieu sang 1 ben, khoang cach trung bnh gia cac tru chieu sang t 25 30m d. Quy hoach he thong thong tin lien lc C s thiet ke Da vao bang quy hoach chi tiet Khu Dan C Nam Thnh. Quy hoach mang li thong tin - Nhu cau so may ien thoai cua Khu dan C Nam Thnh: d kien 129 so ien thoai. - Mang li thong tin ien thoai cua khu qui hoach c phuc vu t tu cap ien thoai chnh gan khu vc. Xay dng mang thong tin ien thoai noi bo bao gom: Tap iem cap dung loai 100 oi day, c lap at tren vach tng nha. Cap chnh noi t tu cap ien thoai en tap iem dung cap ong 10 oi luon trong ong nha PVC d18 chon ngam. Cap phoi t tap iem cap en cac may ien thoai dung cap ong 4 oi luon trong ong nha PVC chon ngam di at i trong khuon vien. 1.5.4 Tong von au t Tong von au t va nguon von au t: 5.117.100.000 (nam ty mot tram mi bay trieu mot tram ngan ong) 1.5.5 Nguon von au t Von cua Cong ty Co phan Dch vu Thng mai Xay dng Hy a. Trang 14-

Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

CHNG 2:

IEU KIEN T NHIEN, MOI TRNG VA KINH TE XA HOI

2.1 IEU KIEN T NHIEN KHU VC D AN 2.1.1 ieu kien kh hau Xa An Bnh thuoc Huyen D An, tnh Bnh Dng nam trong vung kh hau nhiet i gio mua: Nhiet o khong kh - Nhiet o bnh quan hang thang 26-270 C - Nhiet o thang cao nhat 2807C/nam (thang 4) - Nhiet o thang thap nhat 2504C/nam - Nhiet o cao tuyet oi 3905C/nam - Nhiet o thap tuyet oi 1605C/nam o am khong kh o am trung bnh hang nam 84% o am thang thap nhat 78% (thang 4) o am thang cao nhat (thang 9). Lng ma Lng ma trung bnh 1845 mm/nam; Cac thang mua ma 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 va 10 chiem 92% lng ma ca nam. Thang 1 va 2 hau nh khong co ma. Nang So gi nang trung bnh trong nam 2526 gi/nam Khu vc khong co sng mu. Gio Moi nam co hai mua gio i theo mua ma va kho. Ve mua ma, gio thnh hanh Tay Nam. Ve mua kho, gio thnh hanh ong Bac. Chuyen tiep gia hai mua con co gio ong va ong Nam

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Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu 2.1.2 a hnh Khu vc quy hoach tng oi bang phang, o cao so vi mc nc bien la 32m. o doc trung bnh khoang 1 - 3 % rat thuan li cho qua trnh xay dng. 2.1.3 a chat cong trnh, a chat thuy van(1) a chat cong trnh Da theo hnh tru lo khoan va ket qua phan tch th nghiem cho thay cau tao a chat cua khu at d kien xay dng cong trnh D An Khu Dan C Nam Thnh tai huyen D An, tnh Bnh Dng co cau tao nh sau: Lp 1: La at san lap phan bo t mat at en o sau 0,3 0,7m. Lp 2: La lp set pha vang, xam vang trang thai deo mem. Lp at nay phan bo t o sau 0,3 0,7m en 2,5 5,9m. at co tnh nang c ly trung bnh, co kha nang gay bien lun, kha nang chu tai trung bnh. Lp 3: La lp set pha nau o, xam trang, trang thai deo cng. Lp at nay phan bo t o sau 2,5 -5,9m en 7,0 10m. at co tnh nang c ly tng oi tot, kha nang bien dang trung bnh, kha nang chu tai tng oi cao. Lp thai en kha bnh. 4: La lp cat pha loang, vang, xam trang trang deo. Lp at nay phan bo t o sau 7,0 8,5m o sau hn 10m. at co tnh nang c ly trung bnh, nang bien dang trung bnh, kha nang chu tai trung

Nhan xet ieu kien a chat khu at d kien xay dng cong trnh tng oi thuan li. T mat at en o sau hn 10m la lp at set pha trang thai deo mem, deo cng va cat pha trang thai deo co kha nang chu tai trung bnh tng oi cao, co kha nang gay bien dang lun. a chat thuy van Trong thi gian khao sat vao thang 6 nam 2007, mc nc ngam trong lo khoan xuat hien o sau t 2,5 3m. 2.1.4 Cac tai nguyen sinh vat va he sinh thai Trong khu vc d an, he sinh thai ong thc vat hau nh khong phat trien, chu yeu la cac loai cay co dai. He sinh thai nc cung khong ton tai v khong co nguon nc mat nam trong pham vi d an.
(1)

bao cao khao sat a chat cong trnh Khu Dan C Nam Thnh

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Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu 2.2 HIEN TRANG MOI TRNG KHONG KH e anh gia hien trang chat lng moi trng khong kh trong khu vc d an, nhom o ac khao sat cua Trung Tam ao Tao va Phat Trien Sac Ky Tp.HCM a tien hanh khao sat, o ac va lay mau phan tch vao ngay 08 thang 01 nam 2008. 2.2.1 V tr lay mau Do d an khu dan c Nam Thnh co v tr nam tiep giap vi khu dan c, gan ng Xuyen A nen v tr lay mau ac trng cho: Chat lng khong kh nam trong khu vc d an. Anh hng cua khu dan c hien hu. Anh hng t ng Xuyen A. Do o, v tr lay mau khong kh cua d an c lay nh sau: Nam trong khu vc d an. Cach nha dan khoang 30m. Cach ng quoc lo khoang 50m. 2.2.2 Ket qua phan tch chat lng moi trng khong kh
Bang 2.1 Ket qua phan tch cac ch tieu chat lng moi trng khong kh TT 01 V tr o NO2 (mg/m 3 ) 0.016 0,2 SO2 (mg/m3) 0.138 0,35 CO (mg/m3) 8.09 30 BUI (mg/m 3 ) 0.22 0,3 On (dBA) 58-59 -

Trong khu at d an TCVN 5937 2005

Nguon: Trung Tam EDC, thang 1/2008

2.2.3 Hien trang chat lng moi trng khong kh Cac so lieu o ac tai thi iem nay c xem la so lieu nen lam can c e giam sat chat lng moi trng khong kh khi d an i vao hoat ong. Ket qua phan tch cho thay chat lng moi trng khong kh hien tai con rat tot. Tai v tr tren, hau het cac gia tr o ac c eu at tieu chuan TCVN 5937 2005 va TCVN 5949 - 1995. Chac chan khi d an i vao hoat ong se gay anh hng en moi trng khong kh trong khu vc theo chieu hng bat li, nen chng trnh giam sat chat lng moi trng trnh bay trong Chng 6 cung la c s ho tr cho viec quan ly chat lng moi trng khi trien khai d an. Ben canh o, khi tien hanh xay dng va van hanh d an, chu au t se co nhng bien Trang 17-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu phap cu the e han che cac hoat ong gay anh hng en chat lng moi trng khong kh trong khu vc.

2.3 HIN TRNG MOI TRNG NC:

Do a hnh khu vc d an khong co suoi hay kenh rach thoat nc, do o e anh gia hien trang chat lng moi trng nc trong khu vc d an, chu d an ch anh gia ve hien trang moi trng nc ngam. e anh gia hien trang chat lng nc ngam trong khu vc d an, nhom o ac khao sat a tien hanh lay mau va phan tch chat lng nc ngam tai cac gieng ang c cac ho gia nh hien song trong khu at d an. Chat lng nc ngam trong khu vc d an c trnh bay tom tat trong Bang 2.2 Nc ngam la nguon cap nc chnh phuc vu nhu cau sinh hoat va cong nghiep trong khu vc. Ket qua phan tch cho thay chat lng nc ngam trong khu vc co chat lng kha tot va hau het eu at tieu chuan TCVN 5944 1995. Ch co ch tieu pH hi thap do anh hng cua a tang khu vc.
Bang 2.2 Ket qua phan tch chat lng nc ngam STT Ch tieu n v Ket qua 01 pH 4.24 02 TDS mg/l 26 03 Cl mg/l 272.6 204 SO4 mg/l 16.24 05 Fe mg/l 0.39 06 o cng mgCaCO3/l 19 Nguon: Trung Tam EDC, thang 1/2008 KPH: khong phap hien LOD: gii han phat hien TCVN

6.5-8.5 750-1500 200-600 200-400 1-5 300-500

2.4 HIEN TRANG CHAT LNG MOI TRNG AT Ket qua phan tch cho thay tat ca cac ch tieu phan tch eu at tieu chuan TCVN (7209 2002). Mot ac iem can c lu y la nong o cac ch tieu phan tch o sau 0.2m eu ln hn so vi mau o sau 0,5m, ieu nay cho thay lp at mat la lp tiep xuc vi khong kh, nc va vi sinh vat trong at chiem u the tang at nay. Nhng thanh phan nay tac ong qua lai lan nhau va mot so phan ng hoa hoc xay ra tao ieu kien cho chat o nhiem lang ong tren be mat de dang hoa tan vao at. Bang 2.3 Tnh chat at trong khu vc d an
Mau o am (%) CHC (g/kg) Ni (mg/k g) Cr (mg/kg ) Zn (mg/k g) Cd (mg/k g) Pb (mg/kg )

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Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu Mau 01 4.01 25.61 Mau 02 9.73 21.99 TCVN 7209 2002

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc KPH KPH 1.83 2.32 22.82 13.28 300 1.83 2.32 10 12.26 11.78 -

Nguon: Vien Cong nghe Hoa Hoc, thang 1/2008 Ghi chu: KPH: khong phat hien Ket qua tnh tren khoi lng chat kho 2.5 IEU KIEN KINH TE XA HOI TAI KHU VC Khu vc quy hoach d an thuoc Huyen D An, tnh Bnh Dng, do o khu vc chu anh hng bi yeu to kinh te xa hoi cua huyen. Nam 2007, huyen a phat huy tiem nang va the manh cua a phng, D An a co s chuyen bien ro ret ve toc o tang trng oi vi tng nganh, tng lnh vc theo hng duy tr mc tang trng kinh te nam sau cao hn nam trc. Cong nghiep oi vi lnh vc cong nghiep, nam 2007 gia tr san lng cong nghiep D An c thc hien at 21.683 ty ong, tang 26,5% so vi nam 2006. 2 khu vc kinh te eu co mc tang ang ke: khu vc kinh te t nhan tang en 36,9% va khu vc kinh te co von au t nc ngoai tang 23%. Theo anh gia cua huyen, hoat ong san xuat cua nganh cong nghiep trong nam qua rat on nh va tang kha nh cac khu cum cong nghiep ngay cang thu hut nhieu d an au t. Ve thng mai dch vu Nhn chung trong nam tnh hnh thong mai tren a ban dien ra manh me, gia tr san lng tang va phat trien ung nh hng. Lng hang hoa giao thng rat phong phu, a dang, ap ng yeu cau tieu dung, mua sam cua nhan dan trong va ngoai huyen. Tnh chung, tong mc ban le va doanh thu dch vu cua mot so lnh vc quan trong c at 6.878 ty ong, tang 2,57 lan so vi nam 2006. Trong nam, huyen a cap mi 1.833 giay phep kinh doanh vi tong von 153,2 ty ong, nang cao so lng c s a c cap giay phep kinh doanh tren a ban huyen len 9.162 c s. Ve ha tang thng mai D An hien co 17 ch, 4 sieu th va 2 trung tam thng mai a hoat ong, phuc vu tot nhu cau cho ngi tieu dung. Trang 19-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Ngoai ra, cac lnh vc kinh te khac cung at hieu qua cao nh tai chnh, c tong thu mi ngan sach Nha nc cua D An nam 2007 at 541,5 ty ong, vt 41,74% so d toan UBND tnh giao va vt 36,35% Ngh quyet HND huyen. Ve bu chnh vien thong Doanh thu c thc hien 52 ty ong, at 100% ke hoach nam. Nam qua, huyen a phat trien 4.500 may ien thoai thue bao co nh, at mat o 20 may/ 100 dan. Ve van hoa xa hoi Ben canh nhng thanh tu ve kinh te, lnh vc van hoa xa hoi cua D An cung at c mot so ket qua kha quan. oi vi giao duc ao tao: ket qua hoc tap nam 2007 co 97% hoc sinh cap tieu hoc c len lp thang; 99,5% hoc sinh lp nam hoan thanh chng trnh bac tieu hoc; 98,2% hoc sinh tot nghiep THCS; 77,5% tot nghiep THPT; 195 hoc sinh au vao cac trng ai hoc va cao ang...Ve cong tac cham soc va bao ve sc khoe cho nhan dan: cac chng trnh muc tieu y te quoc gia eu c trien khai thc hien at 100%. Trong nam qua, a kham va ieu tr cho 603.563 lt ngi, at va vt ch tieu ke hoach e ra. Muc tieu e ra trong nam 2008 la: ben canh viec phan au hoan thanh d kien a cong nghiep tang 27%, dch vu tang tren 50%, nong nghiep chuyen bien theo hnh thc trang trai tao san pham hang hoa, thu chi ngan sach tang 4%.... Tren c s ra soat, anh gia thc te, nhng van e thuoc tham quyen, huyen se tm giai phap hp ly va hieu qua e khac phuc nham tiep tuc thc hien at muc tieu a D An phat trien theo hng ben vng.

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Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

CHNG 3:

ANH GIA CAC TAC ONG MOI TRNG

3.1 NGUON GAY TAC ONG A. Cac nguon gay o nhiem trong qua trnh xay dng Hoat ong xay dng cua d an se phat sinh cac van e o nhiem sau: O nhiem khong kh do bui, kh thai va tieng on. O nhiem moi trng at va nc do nc thai sinh hoat cua cong nhan xay dng, nc ma chay tran keo theo at cat, dau nht ri vai t cac thiet b van hanh va phng tien van chuyen. O nhiem khong kh, at va nc do quan ly khong hp ly chat thai ran phat sinh t hoat ong xay dng va chat thai ran sinh hoat t hoat ong cua cong nhan tren cong trng va khu lan trai. a) Nguon gay o nhiem khong kh Bui phat sinh t hoat ong thi cong e tao mot lp at nen tot, qua trnh san nen oi hoi phai xuc bo lp at thao moc day khoang 30cm, va thay vao o la nen co o on nh hn. Do cong trnh co a the trung hn so vi mat bang khu vc nen phai nang cao nen at theo cao o khong che (HXD 2,70m). Do o chieu cao at ap trung bnh la 2,7 3m tnh t lp at nen a on nh. Vi tong dien tch at xay dng la 12.730,6 m2, c tnh lng at ao va at ap nh sau: The tch at ao xuc bo la: 0,3 m x 12.730,6 m2 = 3819,18 m3. The tch at san lap la: 2,7 m x 12.730,6 m2 = 34372,62m3. Vi ty trong cua at khoang 2,2 tan/m3. Khoi lng at ao xuc bo va san lap la: (3819,18 + 34372,62) x 2,2 = 84021,96 tan Neu s dung loai o to van tai nang 10 tan, s dung nhien lieu la dau DO. Ham lng lu huynh (S) trong dau DO la 0,8%. Da tren khoi lng at can van chuyen i, ta xac nh c tong so lt xe ra vao trong suot qua trnh san lap la 8402 lt. Theo giao trnh thiet ke mo - Trng ai hoc mo a chat Ha Noi, tnh tai lng ri vai trong qua trnh van chuyen nh sau:

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Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

0.7 0.5 s S 365 p W W L = 1,7 k x x x x 12 48 365 2.7 4

Trong o:

L: tai lng bui (kg/km/lt xe/nam) K: kch thc hat; 0,2. S: lng at tren ng; 8,9% S: toc o trung bnh cua xe; 20km/h W: trong lng co tai cua xe; 10 tan W: so banh xe; 6 banh P: so ngay hoat ong trong nam (180 ngay van chuyen/nam) Thay so ta c: 0,145 kg/km/lt xe/nam. Nh vay tai lng bui trong suot qua trnh san lap phu thuoc vao oan ng chuyen ch la: 0,145 kg/km/lt xe/nam x 8402 lt/nam = 1218,29 kg/km/nam Neu nh ch tnh mc o anh hng trong pham vi khu vc d an la 2km th tai lng bui la: 1218,29 x 2 = 2436,58 kg/nm O nhiem bui gay ra oi vi moi trng nhieu hay t con tuy thuoc vao yeu to thi tiet. ac biet khi tri nang, gio to th bui l lng se phat tan manh vao khong kh, nong o bui se cao hn tieu chuan khong kh xung quanh nhieu lan (TCVN 5937-2005 quy nh nong o bui 0,3 mg/m3) va pham vi anh hng cua bui lan rong hn. Do o d an can quan tam en nhng bien phap ve sinh lam giam thieu o nhiem bui trong qua trnh van chuyen. Kh thai t cac phng tien van chuyen Hoat ong cua cac phng tien va thiet b thi cong se lam phat sinh kh o nhiem t qua trnh ot nhien lieu cua cac ong c nh: NOx, SO2, CO, CO2, CxHy. Theo anh gia cua To Chc Y Te The Gii (WHO) oi vi loai xe van s dung dau DO co cong suat 3,5 16 tan, co the c tnh tong lng kh thai sinh ra do hoat ong van chuyen chat thai xay dng (8402lt/nam) va vat lieu xay dng (c tnh 2 lt/ngay = 360 lt/nam) nh sau: Bang 3.1 He so tai lng o nhiem
Chat o nhiem Bui SO2 NOx He so tai lng (kg/1000km) 0,9 2,075.S 14,4 Chieu dai pham vi anh hng (km) 2 2 2 So lt di chuyen (lt/nam) 8762 x 2 8762 x 2 8762 x 2 Tong tai lng (kg/nam ) 31.54 72,72 504,69

STT 1 2 3

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Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

4 5 CO THC 2,9 0,8 2 2

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

8762 x 2 8762 x 2 101,63 28,04

Ngoai nhng tac ong neu tren, s gia tang mat o xe trong mot khoang thi gian ngan se lam tang kha nang xay ra tai nan giao thong trong khu vc d an, gay bui, on tren oan ng di chuyen, gay anh hng en cuoc song cua nhan dan doc tren oan ng di chuyen. Tieng on Ben canh nguon o nhiem bui, khoi trong qua trnh van chuyen, viec van hanh cac phng tien va thiet b thi cong nh can truc, can cau, khoan, xe tron be tong, xe tai, cung la mot nguon gay o nhiem tieng on ang ke. Mc on phat sinh t thiet b thi cong co the tham khao c trnh bay trong bang 3.2. Bang 3.2 Mc on cua thiet b thi cong
St t 0 1 0 2 0 3 0 4 0 5 0 6 0 7 0 8 0 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 Thiet b May ui May am nen (xe lu) May xuc gau trc Gau ngc May keo May cap at, may san May lat ng Xe tai May tron betong Bm betong May ap betong Can truc di ong Mc on (dBA cach nguon) 15 m 15 m 20 m 50 m Tai lieu Tai lieu Tai lieu Tai (1) (2) (2) lieu (2) 93,0 67 59 75,0 85,0 72,0 74,0 72,0 84,0 72,0 93,0 77,0 96,0 80,0 93,0 87,0 88,5 82,0 94,0 75,0 88,0 80,0 83,0 76,0 87,0 47 52 60,5 60,5 61,7 62 55,5 55,5 39 44 52,5 52,5 53.7 54 47,5 47,5

Bang 3.2 Mc on cua thiet b thi cong (tt) Trang 23-

Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

St t 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 Thiet b Can truc Deric May phat ien May nen Bua chen va may khoan a May ong coc

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

Mc on (dBA cach nguon) 15 m 15 m 20 m 50 m Tai lieu Tai lieu Tai lieu Tai (1) (2) (2) lieu (2) 86,5 88,5 80,0 75,0 72,0 82,5 75,0 87,0 81,0 98,0 95,0 106,0 51,2 55 74,5 43,2 47 66,5

Nguon: Tai lieu (1): Nguyen nh Tuan va cong s, 2000; Tai lieu (2): Mackernize, 1985. Tuy nhien, nguon on t hoat ong xay dng la khong the tranh khoi. Tac ong nay ch co tnh chat tam thi va gay anh hng cuc bo trong thi gian thi cong. Do o, chu cong trnh xay dng nen co ke hoach cu the trong viec s dung cac thiet b thi cong trong ngay mot cach hp ly, la chon phng tien tot nhat co the c e giam bt nguon phat sinh tieng on, tranh van hanh ong thi nhieu thiet b gay on va bo tr cac thiet b nay xa khu vc b anh hng. Ngoai ra, o nhiem nhiet cung la mot van e trong qua trnh xay dng. Nhiet phat sinh chu yeu t bc xa mat tri, t cac phng tien van tai, may moc thi cong. Nguon o nhiem nay chu yeu se tac ong len ngi cong nhan trc tiep lam viec tai cong trng. b) Nguon gay o nhiem nc Nc thai sinh hoat Trong qua trnh xay dng, c s ha tang cha c hnh thanh, cha co cac cong trnh ve sinh cong cong, cha co he thong cap thoat nc. Do o nguon gay o nhiem nc chu yeu phat sinh trong cac hoat ong sinh hoat cua cong nhan xay dng va nc ong t qua trnh xay dng thi cong cong trnh. Ti cong trng xay dng s trang b nha v sinh di ng nhm m bo nc thi c thu gom va khong nh hng n mi trng. Tnh toan tai lng nc thai sinh hoat cua cong nhan: - c tnh so lng cong nhan tham gia xay dng khu dan c vao thi iem tap trung cao nhat la khoang 40 ngi. - Nhu cau s dung nc sinh hoat cua moi cong nhan theo qui pham 20 TCN 33 - 2006 la 45lt/ngi.ngay. - Lng nc thai sinh ra chiem 80% lng nc cap. Trang 24-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu => 40 * 45 * 80 / 100 = 1440 (lt/ngay) - Nh vay co khoang 1440 lt nc thai sinh hoat phat sinh moi ngay trong giai oan nay. Nc thai sinh hoat co cha nhieu chat hu c, can l lng, cac vi sinh vat gay benh va cung vi chat bai tiet, nen co the gay o nhiem nc mat va nc ngam trong khu vc. Lng nc thai nay khong cao, nhng do nc thai sinh hoat cung vi cac chat bai tiet cha nhieu vi sinh vat gay benh, nen e am bao ve sinh can phai thu gom va x ly lng nc thai nay mot cach hp ly. Nc ma Nc ma chay tran len mat ng trong khu vc thi cong. Lng nc nay thng co nong o l lng cao va co the b nhiem cac tap chat khac nh dau m, vat lieu xay dng tren cong trnh. Co the giam anh hng cua nc ma bang cach giam lng dau ri vai va thu gom cac chat thai trong khu vc xay dng. Tuy nhien, mc o o nhiem nay khong cao va co the xa thai trc tiep ra ng ong thoat nc ben ngoai. Tai cong trng se xay dng he thong cong ranh thoat nc tam thi nham thu gom lng nc ma e tranh trnh trang ngap lut khi chu ky ngap lut P = 2. c) Chat Thai Ran Trong giai oan xay dng, chat thai ran chu yeu la: Chat thai xa ban (cat, gach v, a, be tong, at ). Chat thai ran sinh hoat cua cong nhan xay dng cong trnh. Cac hoat ong trong qua trnh xay dng ac biet la hoat ong ao ng ong cap nc, mng at cong thoat nc thai va cong thoat nc ma se sinh ra mot lng at d. Phan at nay co the s dung san nen trong khu vc d an hay cac ni khac trong vung. Tnh toan tai lng chat thai ran: - Theo mc tnh trung bnh lng chat thai ran sinh hoat cua mot ngi la 0.5 kg/ngay. c tnh vi so lng 40 cong nhan lam viec tren cong trng. => 0,5 * 40 = 20 (kg/ngay) - Vay lng rac sinh hoat se la 20 kg/ngay. Lng rac nay tuy khong nhieu nhng phai c thu gom theo quy nh. Rac thai c tap trung vao thung cha va sau moi ngay se c cong ty moi trng o th thu gom. Trang 25-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Nguon gay o nhiem moi trng at Trong qua trnh xay dng, cac hoat ong ao lap at e thi cong cac cong trnh cap thoat nc, cong trnh ngam se phat sinh ra mot lng at d. Lng at nay co the c dung san nen trong khu vc cua d an. Tai nan lao ong, kha nang chay no Trong qua trnh thi cong cong trnh, rat co kha nang se xay ra tai nan lao ong tai hien trng. Cac van e co the bao gom: O nhiem moi trng xung quanh khu vc lam anh hng trc tiep en sc khoe cua ngi lao ong tren cong trng. Phng tien van chuyen ra vao co the gay tai nan giao thong. Cac tai nan do cac phng tien nh: can cau, thiet b boc d, cac loai vat lieu chat cao Cac cong trnh tren tang cao co kha nang gay ra cac tai nan do trt te tren dan giao, van chuyen nguyen vat lieu len tang cao Cac tai nan lao ong do tiep can vi cac he thong ien. Neu ung vao thi iem vao mua ma, kha nang tai nan lao ong lai tang cao do ng trn trt, cac s co ve ien de xay ra. Kha nang chay no Kha nang chay no co the xay ra do cac hoat ong sau: Cac nguon nguyen lieu nh dau DO, FO thng c cha trong cong trng co the gay ra chay no khi gap nhiet o cao. S co ve ien cung co kha nang gay chay no. B. Cac nguon gay o nhiem trong qua trnh hoat ong cua d an Khi d an i vao hoat ong, cac yeu to co the gay anh hng en moi trng bao gom: Nc thai sinh hoat cua khu dan c. Rac thai sinh hoat t khu dan c. Kh thai va tieng on phat sinh t hoat ong cua dan c. Cac s co ve an toan, chay, no trong khu dan c . a) Nc Thai Trong qua trnh hoat ong cac nguon phat sinh nc thai chu yeu t: Trang 26-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Nc thai la nc ma thu gom tren khu vc d an. Nc thai sinh hoat t khu dan c. Nc ma Nc ma c tap trung tren toan bo dien tch khu vc d an. Trong qua trnh chay tran co the loi keo theo mot so chat ban, bui va ve nguyen tac th nc ma la loai nc thai o nhiem nhe (qui c sach) co the thai trc tiep ra moi trng t nhien ma khong can qua x ly. V the nc ma khong gay o nhiem en nguon tiep nhan. Tnh toan lng nc ma: Khu vc can tnh toan nam trong vung co n=1 C = 0.3 q20 = 100 l/ha_s Dien tch lu vc thoat nc F = 12,73 ha nen ta chon chu ky ngap lut P = 1 nam Lu lng nc ma tnh toan Q= xqxFxn= x Xac nh A: Xac nh t: t = tm + tr + to tm = 5 ph (Thi gian tap trung nc ma tren be mat t iem xa nhat en ranh, trong khu pho co ranh thoat nc ma lay t = 5 phut) tr: Thi gian nc ma chay trong ranh, trong khu vc co ng ong thoat nc ma, tr = 0 t0 : Thi gian nc ma chay trong oan ong tnh toan t0 = M x
A xFxn tn

A = q 20 .20 n.(1 + C log P ) = 100.201.(1 + 0.3 log 1) = 2000

Vo

Lo

M : he so ke en s cham tre cua dong chay, (M = 2,0 oi vi a hnh bang phang) L0 : chieu dai oan ong tnh toan, l = 450 m V0: Van toc trong oan ong tnh toan v = 0,8 m/s t0 = 2 x 450/0,8 = 1125 (s) = 19 (phut) Thi gian can thiet e thoat nc ma t = 19 + 5 = 24 (phut) Gia s ta co dien tch cac loai mat phu: Mai nha: 60% He so dong chay = 0,95. ng: 30% He so dong chay = 0,95. Mat co: 10% He so dong chay = 0,1 Trang 27-

Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

TB =

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

60 0,95 + 30 0,95 + 10 0,1 = 0.865 100 A 2000 x 12,73 (ha) x 1 = n x F x n = 0,865 x t 241

Lu lng nc ma tnh toan Q= xqxFxn= x 917,6 l/s Nc thai sinh hoat

Nc thai cua d an chu yeu la nc thai t nha ve sinh phat sinh t khu dan c. Lu lng nc thai phat sinh tnh toan da tren nhu cau s dung nc cap cho muc ch sinh hoat, ve sinh. Nh a tnh toan tai chng 1, lu lng nc thai sinh ra tai d an la: Q th = 80% Q sh max = 80% x 63 m 3 /ng = 50,4 m3 /ng. Tnh toan tai lng nc thai sinh hoat: - So ngi d kien song trong khu dan c la 350 ngi. - Nhu cau s dung nc cua moi ngi la 150 lt/ngi.ngay - Lng nc thai sinh ra chiem 80% lng nc cap => 350 * 150 * 80% = 42000 (lt/ngay) - Nh vay, co khoang 42000 lt nc thai sinh hoat thai ra moi ngay trong giai oan d an i vao hoat ong ac trng cua nc thai sinh hoat c neu trong bang 3.3 Bang 3.3 Thanh phan ac trng cua nc thai sinh hoat
Ch tieu pH Tong ham lng chat ran hoa tan Chat ran l lng Nhu cau oxy hoa hoc Nhu cau oxy sinh hoa Amonia Nit tong Photphat Ngun: Centema, 2008. Ky hieu pH TDS SS COD BOD N-NH3 N-tong P-PO43n v mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l mg/l Ket qua 6,5-7,1 60-100 30-70 70-300 40-220 0,5-07 5,0-7,0 2,0-3,2 TCVN 5-9 500 100 40 10

Nhn chung, nc thai sinh hoat cua d an nhiem ban chat hu c va cac thanh phan chat l lng kha ln. Do o khi d an i vao hoat ong, toan bo nc thai sinh hoat se c x ly at tieu chuan TCVN 6672 2000 (mc III) trc khi thai ra cong thoat nc chung cua khu vc. b) Chat thai ran sinh hoat Chat thai ran sinh hoat la chat thai phat sinh t cac hoat ong hang ngay cua con ngi, thanh phan chat thai Trang 28-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu sinh hoat la cac loai giay, bao nilon goi thc an, thc an tha Tai lng chat thai sinh hoat tnh toan nh sau: Chat thai sinh hoat cua khu dan c: vi so ngi d kien sinh song trong khu quy hoach la 350 ngi. Khoi lng rac c tnh la 0,8 kg/ngi.ngay. => 350 * 0,8 = 280 (kg/ngay) Nh vay tong khoi lng rac sinh hoat cua khu quy hoach la 280 kg/ngay. Chat thai ran loai nay cha nhieu chat hu c de phan huy, v vay neu khong c thu gom va x ly hp ly se sinh ra mui hoi thoi lam anh hng en sc khoe cua con ngi va lam mat ve ep my quan. Thanh phan chat thai sinh hoat c tham khao tai bang 3.4 Bang 3.4 Thanh phan chat thai ran sinh hoat STT 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Thanh phan Rac thc pham Giay Carton Nha cng Tui nilon Vai Cao su mem Cao su cng Da Go Thuy tinh Lon o hop Sat Kim loai khac Sanh s Xa ban tro Pin % khoi lng t 73,22 3,44 0 0,30 5,53 3,30 1,65 0 0 0,52 0,07 0 0,82 0 1,50 9,35 0,15

Nguon: CENTEMA, 2008 c) Nguon gay o nhiem khong kh, tieng on Nguon gay o nhiem khong kh Khi d an i vao hoat ong, o nhiem khong kh phat sinh chu yeu t cac nguon sau: Trang 29-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Kh o nhiem phat sinh t xe ra vao khu dan c. Kh o nhiem phat sinh t khu vc tap trung rac. Kh thai t he thong thoat nc va tram x ly nc thai. Bui phat sinh ra t cac hoat ong sinh hoat cua dan c. Kh o nhiem phat sinh t xe ra vao khu dan c: viec hnh thanh khu dan c se keo theo viec gia tang cac hoat ong giao thong mot cach ang ke. Phng tien chu yeu cua ngi dan la xe may, do o se phat sinh ra mot lng kh o nhiem ln cha cac chat o nhiem nh: CO2, CO, NOx, SOx, CxHy e co the tnh c tai lng o nhiem do phng tien van chuyen gay ra, cho rang tong so dan trong khu dan c la 350 ngi, va d tnh so lng xe may co the hoat ong di chuyen trong khu chung c gi cao iem la 150 (xe) trong o phng tien co ong c 4 th chiem phan ln c tnh hn 90% va con lai la ong c 02 th. Toc o chay bnh quan trong khu vc la 30km/h = 8,3.10-3 km/s. Theo tai lieu Assessment of Sources of Air, Water, and Land Pollution cua To chc sc khoe the gii (WHO) he so o nhiem cua xe may c the hien trong Bang 3.5.
Bang 3.5 He so o nhiem t xe gan may Kh thai SO2 NOX CO VOC HE SO O NHIEM Xe 02 th Xe 04 th g/km Kg/tan NL g/km Kg/tan NL 0,6S 20S 0,76S 20S 0,08 2,7 0,3 8 22 730 20 525 12 500 3 80

(*) Nguon: Assessment of Sources of Air, Water, and Land Pollution WHO, 1993. Trong o: S la ham lng lu huynh trong nhien lieu (%), Theo tai lieu cua Petrolimex, ham lng lu huynh co trong xang la 0,15%.

Tai lng o nhiem do xe may c xac nh theo cong thc sau: L (g/s) = So lng xe x 8,3.10-3 x nhiem
1.000 he so o

x 1.000

Ket qua tnh toan tai lng o nhiem c trnh bay trong bang 3.6 sau Trang 30-

Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

Tai lng nhiem Xe 02 th (g/s) Xe 04 th (g/s) o SO2 0,09 0,67

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

Bang 3.6 Tai lng o nhiem t xe gan may NOX 0,08 0,09 CO 2,49 24,65 VOC 0,34 13,45

Kh o nhiem phat sinh t khu vc cha rac: trong khu vc ton tr, phan loai rac cua khu dan c trong khu vc d an co the phat sinh kh, mui t cac phan huy k kh chat thai ran hu c de phan huy gay ra mui kho chu. Kh thai t he thong thoat nc: tai cac cong thoat nc, co the phat sinh ra cac mui nh: NH3, H2S, Mecaptan co kha nang gay o nhiem mui. Nguon gay o nhiem tieng on Tieng on phat sinh ra do hoat ong cua khu dan c. Mc o on khu vc d an tuy thuoc vao so lng ngi trong khu nha . Gia tr mc on cho phep c bieu dien trong bang 3.7.
Bang 3.7 Gia tr mc on toi a cho phep TT Loai phng tien n v: dB(A) Mc on toi a cho phep Mc 1 Mc 2 70 73 75 77 80 77 78 79 80 83 81 83 84 70 73 75 77 80 74 76 77 78 80 77 78 80

3 4

Xe may hai banh: Toc o ln nhat khong qua 30 km/h Toc o ln nhat qua 30 km/h L3 ( Mo to ), L4 va L5 ( Xe ba banh) CC < 80 cm3 80 cm3 < CC < 175 cm3 CC > 175 cm3 O to loai M1 O to loai M2 va N1: G < 2000 kg 2000kg < G < 3500 kg O to loai M2 co G > 3500 kg va M3: P < 150kW P > 150 kW O to loai N2 va N3 co: P < 75 kW 75 kW < P < 150 kW P > 150 kW

Nguon: TCVN 5948 1999, mc on cho phep oi vi phng tien giao thong Trang 31-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Theo ket qua khao sat cua Vien Nghien Cu Khoa Hoc Xa Hoi tai cac khu dan c co dch vu kem theo, mc on kha cao va tap trung chu yeu vao buoi sang va chieu toi, tieng on dao ong t 65 -70 dBA. Tieng on do phng tien van chuyen ra vao khu dan c la ieu khong the tranh khoi, e hang che tieng on khu dan c can thc hien nghiem cac bien phap han che xe tai ln lu thong ra vao khu dan c. D bao nhng rui ro ve s co moi trng do d an gay ra Cac s co co the xay ra trong qua trnh hoat ong cua d an bao gom: Nguy c chay no co the xay ra do chap ien, no bnh gas S co oi vi tram x ly nc thai tap trung. 3.2 OI TNG VA QUY MO B TAC ONG 3.2.1 Cac Tac ong Trong Qua Trnh D An Xay Dng Tac ong ti kinh te xa hoi Viec xay dng d an a lam chuyen muc ch s dung at theo hng tch cc, giai quyet cho cho cac ho dan c trong khu vc tai nh c. Gop phan tang ngan sach t viec thu ph s dung at va thue chuyen nhng quyen s dung at. Tuy nhien, do v tr xay dng d an nam ngay tai ni tap trung nhieu khu cong nghiep va lng dan c sinh song ong uc nen trong qua trnh xay dng d an se lam tang mat o giao thong va gia tang o nhiem khong kh tren cac tuyen ng van chuyen. ac biet la tuyen ng Xuyen A v ay la tuyen ng co mat o giao thong tng oi cao. Viec tap trung mot so lng ln cong nhan xay dng phuc vu cho d an co the se dan en cac van e xa hoi, van hoa nhat nh do mau thuan gia cong nhan xay dng en t ni khac va ngi dan a phng. Tac ong en con ngi va moi trng: Tac ong en cong nhan trc tiep xay dng tai cong trng: anh hng en sc khoe cua cong nhan do cac chat thai phat sinh trong qua trnh xay dng; Cong viec thi cong, van chuyen vat lieu xay dng co the gay nhng tai nan lao ong cung nh cac tai nan giao thong khac.

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Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Tac ong en moi trng: trong giai oan xay dng se phat sinh cac loai chat thai ma anh hng cua no chu yeu la oi vi cac ho dan c lan can d an. 3.2.2 Cac Tac ong Trong Qua Trnh D An i Vao Hoat ong Cac tac ong chnh ti moi trng trong qua trnh hoat ong cua D an se la: Cac tac ong chnh Tac ong en moi trng nc do nc thai sinh hoat va nc ma chay tran; Tac ong do chat thai ran sinh hoat; Tac ong en moi trng khong kh. Cac tac ong khac Tac ong oi vi cac dang tai nguyen sinh vat va he sinh thai; Tac ong ti tai nguyen moi trng a c con ngi s dung; Anh hng ti cac ieu kien kinh te - xa hoi; S co moi trng. 3.3 ANH GIA TAC ONG 3.3.1 Trong Giai oan Xay Dng a) Tac ong en Cong Trnh Kien Truc Trong Khu Vc Khu dan c c xay dng tren nen at trong a c quy hoach nen anh hng khong nhieu en cong trnh kien truc cua a phng, tuy nhien kien truc mot so c s ha tang lan can khu d an co the b anh hng bi bui (lam o vang tng), chan ong (co the lam nt lun cac cong trnh kien truc gan ni ong coc) v khu vc quy hoach chu yeu tiep giap vi cac khu dan c hien hu nen tac ong nay co the b anh hng. Qua trnh tap ket cong nhan, van chuyen nguyen vat lieu cung gay ra anh hng nhat nh en moi trng xung quanh. b) Tac ong en Moi Trng Khong Kh Trong giai oan nay, chat gay o nhiem khong kh chu yeu la bui sinh ra t qua trnh xay dng, boc d vat lieu xay dng, them vao o, hoat ong cua cac thiet b thi cong va phng tien van chuyen lam phat sinh kh thai cha CO, SOx, NOx, hydrocarbon, va gay on. Bui Bui co kch thc t 0,01 10 m (bui bay) thng gay ton hai cho c quan ho hap. Bui co kch thc ln hn 10 m thng gay hai cho mat, gay nhiem trung va d ng. Bui gop phan chnh vao o nhiem do cac hat l lng va cac Sol Trang 33-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu kh, co tac dung hap thu va khuech tan anh sang mat tri, lam giam o trong suot cua kh quyen va do o lam giam bt tam nhn. Vi nong o bui khoang 0,1 mg/m3, tam nhn xa ch con 12 Km (trong khi o tam nhn xa ln nhat la 36 Km va nho nhat la 6 km). Do o, trong pham vi cong trng thi cong can han che phat sinh bui e giam thieu cac anh hng en sc khoe cua cong nhan cung nh han che nhng tai nan xay ra trong qua trnh van chuyen. Kh thai Kh thai sinh ra trong giai oan xay dng chu yeu la san pham t qua trnh ot chay nhien lieu cua cac phng tien van chuyen va thiet b thi cong. Mc o phat thai phu thuoc rat nhieu vao loai xe, tnh trang xe s dung va toc o lu thong tren ng. Hn na, nguon gay o nhiem nay khong co nh, khong tap trung va ch xay ra trong thi gian thi cong nen bien phap thch hp nhat e giam thieu cac tac ong en chat lng moi trng khong kh trong khu vc d an la bao am chat lng cua cac phng tien van chuyen va thiet b thi cong s dung. Tieng on O nhiem tieng on trong qua trnh thi cong la ieu khong the tranh khoi. ac biet la qua trnh thi cong ong coc, tron betong bang may, van chuyen vat lieu xay dng, ieu nay se anh hng trc tiep en cong nhan thi cong tren cong trng va cac ho dan song xung quanh khu vc d an. c) Cac tac ong en moi trng nc Nguon gay o nhiem moi trng nc trong giai oan thi cong xay dng chu yeu la nc thai sinh hoat cua cong nhan va nc ma chay tran tren mat at trong pham vi cong trng xay dng.

Nc thai sinh hoat Lu lng nc nc thai sinh hoat hang ngay dao ong trong khoang 1.5 - 2 m3/ngay. Lu lng nay khong cao nhng do ban chat nc thai sinh hoat co cha nhieu chat hu c, can l lng, cac vi sinh vat gay benh va cung vi chat bai tiet, nguon nc thai sinh hoat trong giai oan xay dng co the gay o nhiem moi trng at va nc ngam trong khu vc neu khong c thu gom va x ly. Ve mat ve sinh va sc khoe, cac chat bai tiet c nh ngha la phan va nc tieu. Rat nhieu cac benh Trang 34-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu truyen nhiem lan truyen qua phan va nc tieu, t ngi benh en ngi khoe manh. Lng chat hu c cua phan va nc tieu co the anh gia qua ch tieu BOD5 hoac cac ch so tng t (COD hoac TOC). Nc tieu co BOD5 khoang 8,6 g/L va phan co BOD5 khoang 9,6 g/100g. Nh vay, neu thai trc tiep ra at, phan va nc tieu t khu lan trai cua cong nhan se la nguon gay o nhiem ang ke en moi trng at va nc trong khu vc d an. Nc ma Nc ma chay tran tren mat ng trong khu vc thi cong co lu lng phu thuoc vao che o kh hau trong khu vc. Lng nc nay thng co nong o chat l lng cao va co the b nhiem cac tap chat khac nh dau m, vun vat lieu xay dng. Tuy nhien, lng nc ma nay c thu bang he thong thoat nc tam thi va c dan ra he thong thoat nc trong khu vc. d) Tac ong en Tai Nguyen Moi Trng at Cac loai chat thai ran sinh hoat va xay dng san sinh ra trong qua trnh thi cong cung nh trong qua trnh khai thac d an (at a gach, ngoi, ong nha...), neu khong co cac bien phap thu gom, phan loai va bo tr ni tap trung hp ly cung se gay ra nhng anh hng xau en moi trng at, gay o nhiem moi trng at bi lam mat cam quan, tao moi trng cho vi sinh vat gay benh phat trien, anh hng gian tiep en o nhiem moi trng khong kh va moi trng nc. Trong at, cac chat nay bien oi theo nhieu con ng khac nhau rat kho phan huy nh nen chat at, lam pha huy cau truc at, lam tang dung trong va giam o xop cua at, anh hng en o am va o thoang kh cung nh che o nhiet trong at. e) Tac ong en Tnh Hnh Trat T An Ninh Trong Khu Vc Giai oan thi cong c ban cua d an se tap trung khoang 40 cong nhan. ac iem cua so lao ong nay co the xac nh nh sau: phan ln la lao ong pho thong, c tru trong a ban khu vc d an, nen t gay ra mau thuan gia cong nhan xay dng vi c dan a phng. f) Tac ong en ieu Kien Kinh Te - Xa Hoi Giao thong Viec bat au tien hanh xay dng cac hang muc cong trnh cua d an vi quy mo kha ln co the lam gia tang mat o cua cac phng tien giao thong, chuyen ch at va nguyen vat lieu xay dng, tap ket them cong nhan, Neu Trang 35-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu khong co s ket hp hai hoa va viec sap xep cung nh quan ly khoa hoc th cac cong oan se gay ra anh hng lan nhau va t nhieu se gay ra cac anh hng en moi trng. Tai nan lao ong tai cong trng ay la cong tac ac biet quan trong trong suot thi gian xay dng cac hang muc cong trnh. Cac nguyen nhan dan en tai nan rat a dang bao gom: Cac o nhiem moi trng co kha nang gay anh hng xau en sc khoe cua ngi lao ong tren cong trng. Mot vai o nhiem tuy thi gian va mc o tac dung co the co tac ong ln en ngi lao ong, gay choang vang, met moi, tham ch ngat xu, can c cap cu kp thi (thng xay ra vi cac cong nhan n hoac ngi lao ong co sc khoe yeu). Trong cong trng thi cong co nhieu phng tien van chuyen ra vao, co the dan en tai nan cho xe co hay tai nan cho ngi lao ong, ngi i ng va dan c xung quanh khu vc d an. Vat lieu xay dng chat ong cao, co the ri v, Kha Nang Chay No Qua trnh thi cong xay dng mot cong trnh ln se mang nhieu nguy c gay chay no, ien hnh la: Qua trnh thi cong xay dng cung nh don dep mat bang neu cac cong nhan lam viec bat can (hut thuoc, ot la,) cung co the gay chay. S co chay no khac na co the phat sinh la t cac s co ve ien. 3.3.2 Trong Giai oan D An Di Vao Hoat ong a) Tac ong len moi trng khong kh, tieng on Khong kh Tac ong en moi trng khong kh chu yeu la khoi thai t cac phng tien giao thong, va bui t hoat ong sinh hoat. Tuy nhien, anh hng nay khong lien tuc, thng la cac buoi chieu toi va cac ngay ngh trong tuan. Tieng on Tieng on sinh ra chu yeu do hoat ong hang ngay cua ngi dan trong khu vc va tieng on t viec van hanh tram x ly nc thai. O nhiem se anh hng xau en bieu hien tam sinh ly, benh ly cua con ngi (lam giam o nhay cua tai lam u tai, thnh giac giam sut, au au..) lam anh hng en hieu qua va nang suat lam viec cua ngi dan. Trang 36-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Tac ong len moi trng nc Nc thai cua d an chu yeu la nc thai sinh hoat, ay la loai nc thai co thanh phan o nhiem chat hu c va vi sinh vat. Nc thai sinh hoat can c x ly qua cac cong trnh cuc bo trc khi xa vao he thong x ly tap trung trc khi thai ra moi trng. Ngoai ra, tren pham vi cua d an con co nc thai la nc ma. Nc ma co the c xem la nc thai khong o nhiem (quy c sach) se c lang ong trong he thong ho ga xung quanh d an trc khi thoat vao he thong cong thoat chung. b) anh gia tac ong cua chat thai ran Cac loai chat thai sinh hoat neu khong c x ly tot se gay tac ong xau en moi trng at, moi trng nc va la moi trng thuan li cho cac vi trung phat trien. Chat thai ran sinh hoat co thanh phan chat hu c cao, neu khong c thu gom x ly kp thi se phat sinh ra nhieu mam benh t cac loai vi khuan, vi sinh vat chu yeu la benh ng ruot. Mc o anh hng tuy thuoc vao nong o bui va chung loai vi trung mang theo. Mat khac trong qua trnh lu tr va van chuyen chat thai ran co the bien oi t dang nay sang dang khac ( ran sang long, ran sang kh...) tao ra nhng oc chat khong the kiem soat c gay nguy hai en cong ong. Do khoi lng chat thai ran cua d an phat sinh ln va mang tnh chat hu c de phan huy nen can co bien phap quan ly va x ly can thiet va hieu qua. c) Tac ong en moi trng at. D an phat trien khu dan c Nam Thnh gay tac ong en moi trng at hai iem chnh sau ay: Lam thay oi c cau s dung at, thay oi canh quan; Mot so dien tch b be tong hoa lam mat kha nang thoat nc t nhien; Co the gay o nhiem moi trng at do chat thai trong khu vc khong c quan ly va x ly hp ly.

3.3.3 Tac ong Ti Khu Di Tch Lch S, Van Hoa va Khao Co Hien tai trong khu vc d an khong co cac di tch lch s, van hoa va khao co nen hoat ong cua d an khong gay anh hng tieu cc cho cac oi tng nay.

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Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

CHNG 4:

BIEN PHAP GIAM THIEU TAC ONG XAU, PHONG NGA VA NG PHO S CO MOI TRNG
4.1 OI VI CAC TAC ONG XAU 4.1.1 Bien Phap Giam Thieu Va X Ly Chat Thai Trong Qua Trnh Xay Dng Qua trnh thi cong xay dng c ban c thc hien trong thi gian tng oi ngan, tuy nhien cung can quan tam va co bien phap hu hieu e bao ve moi trng, an toan lao ong va sc khoe cua con ngi. Nhng bien phap tong hp can thiet phai ap dung bao gom: Giai oan giai phong san nen, ap at Thong bao cho chnh quyen a phng va cac ho dan lan can ve thi iem khi cong. Pho bien noi quy lam viec trc khi tien hanh chnh thc, yeu cau cong nhan nghiem tuc tuan thu noi quy. Trang b bat buoc cac trang thiet b bao ho lao ong cho cong nhan nh: giay, ung, quan ao bao ho lao ong, gang tay, non am bao cac trang thiet b y te c ban nh: bong bang, con va mot so loai thuoc thong thng. Trc khi cho nhan cong va cac phng tien van tai vao trong khu vc, thue xe bon ti nc toan bo khu vc thi cong e tranh bui; Giai oan lap at cong trnh ngam va xay dng Qua trnh thi cong xay dng c ban c thc hien trong thi gian tng oi ngan, tuy nhien cung can quan tam va co bien phap hu hieu e bao ve moi trng, an toan lao ong va sc khoe cua con ngi. Nhng bien phap tong hp can thiet phai ap dung bao gom: Han che khoi lng at a can phai ao ap. Tan dung toi a at a trong khu vc xay dng e san lap mat bang. Han che o nhiem khong kh tren cac tuyen ng van chuyen va tai khu vc xay dng bang cach thc hien nghiem tuc viec kiem tra ang kiem oi vi cac phng tien van chuyen va kiem tra yeu cau ky thuat oi vi cac thiet b thi cong chuyen dung. Trang 38-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Cac xe van chuyen vat lieu xay dng phai c phu kn va phai am bao an toan giao thong khi di chuyen. Bo tr cong nhan don dep at a ri vai do dnh vao banh xe khi o at. Han che tnh trang tac nghen giao thong do tap trung van chuyen nguyen vat lieu xay dng bang cach ieu phoi hoat ong van chuyen mot cach hp ly, han che van chuyen vao cac gi cao iem. Neu thi cong trong mua kho, lng bui phat sinh t hoat ong xay dng va san lap mat bang rat ln, do vay can han che lng bui bang phun nc ti ng. Ap dung cac bien phap thi cong tien tien, c gii hoa cac thao tac va qua trnh thi cong ti mc toi a. Cong xng hoa vat lieu xay dng san xuat vat lieu xay dng va cac cau kien trong cac x nghiep vat lieu xay dng. Cac bien phap giam thieu cac tac ong oi vi moi trng khong kh Viec van chuyen nguyen vat lieu, ong coc, tron be tong se gay cac anh hng en moi trng. e han che cac tac ong tren, co the thc hien cac bien phap sau: Giam toc o lu thong, van chuyen cua cac xe ch nguyen vat lieu ra vao cong trnh. Phu kn cac xe van chuyen nguyen vat lieu nham giam lng bui phat tan va vat lieu ri vai tren ng. Ti nc thng xuyen trong khu vc cong trnh e giam lng bui. Tranh lng xe ra vao cung mot thi gian e phat tan lng o nhiem va tranh un tac giao thong. Cac bien phap giam thieu tac ong oi vi tieng on e giam thieu anh hng cua tieng on trong qua trnh xay dng, se ap dung cac bien phap sau: Bo tr cac may thiet b trong cong trnh nhng khoang cach hp ly nh: cach xa nha dan, ng pho. S dung may moc hien ai e giam toi thieu o on. Han che lam viec vao ban em, ac biet t 10 gi em en 6 gi sang hom sau. Bien phap giam thieu tac ong moi trng nc

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Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Anh hng cua moi trng nc trong khu vc chu yeu la nc chay tran be mat trong qua trnh thi cong, do o co the ap dung cac bien phap sau: Tranh e vat lieu ri vai nhieu tren mat bang cong trnh. Lap at nha ve sinh di ong e giam thieu tac ong cua nc thai sinh hoat phat sinh t cac hoat ong cua cong nhan xay dng en moi trng. Tranh lng dau m, xang nht chay tren mat cong trnh, can co bien phap thu hoi hp ly. Thu don vat lieu sau moi ngay lam viec. Trang b cac thiet b ve sinh tam thi cho cong nhan xay dng. Cac bien phap giam thieu tac ong oi vi moi trng at Giam thieu viec ao ap at lam xao tron cac tang tho nhng. Han che khoi lng at a phai ao, tan dung toi a at a trong khu vc xay dng e san lap mat bang. Khong e cac chat o nhiem nh dau, m tham vao at. Viec x ly nen mong phai c thc hien ung theo yeu cau ky thuat. Bien phap ky thuat an toan lao ong Trong qua trnh thi cong, xay dng cung nh lap at thiet b van hanh, kiem tra can phai chap hanh tuyet oi cac noi quy ve an toan lao ong. Thng xuyen kiem tra, bao dng cac thiet b may moc. Thi cong xay dng, lap dng dan giao, thiet b tren cao phai co trang b day neo moc an toan. Cong nhan trc tiep thi cong xay dng phai c huan luyen ve x ly kp thi khi co s co xay ra. Trang b ay u cac quan ao bao ho lao ong cho cong nhan. Cac bien phap giam thieu tac ong t lan trai cong nhan am bao khu vc sinh hoat cua cong nhan phai hp ve sinh, tranh xa cac vung nc ong, co ni cha rac phu hp e tranh cac vi trung gay benh. Khai thong cong ranh, diet tr bo gay, e phong muoi e tranh cac dch benh. Trang 40-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Giam thieu mau thuan gia cong nhan va ngi dan a phng u tien s dung lc lng lap ong tai a phng khi co ay u cac yeu cau. Ket hp vi chnh quyen a phng e quan ly cac cong nhan nhap c tham gia xay dng d an 4.1.2 Bien phap giam thieu va x ly chat thai khi a d an vao hoat ong

a) Bien phap giam thieu tac ong moi trng khong kh Toan bo ng trong khu dan c c be tong hoa hoan toan. Trong cay xanh trong khu vc dan c giup ieu hoa khong kh va tao canh quan o th. Giam lng xe co ra vao khu dan c. b) Giam thieu tieng on

Tieng on do hoat ong sinh hoat cua khu dan c Tieng on phat sinh do cac hoat ong giao thong, hoat ong sinh hoat cua ngi dan khu dan c. Cac bien phap chong on c thc hien nh sau: Ban quan ly dan c se thanh lap noi quy chung cho khu dan c, trong o co mot so noi quy qui nh ve tieng on nh: khong gay on trong cac gi ngh; khong tu tap vui chi vao em khuya Giao duc y thc ngi dan cach song van minh o th. Tieng on do hoat ong van hanh tram x ly nc thai Bo tr tram x ly nc thai cach xa khu sinh hoat cua khu dan c. Thng xuyen kiem tra bao tr cac loai may moc s dung cho cong trnh x ly nc thai. Bo tr cac khau van hanh sao cho cac may moc khong hoat ong vao ban em, tranh anh hng en sinh hoat cua ngi dan. c) Giam thieu tac ong moi trng nc Khi khu dan c thng mai i vao hoat ong, viec ap dung cac bien phap nham bao ve moi trng la ieu bat buoc. ay, nc thai phat sinh chu yeu la do hoat ong

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Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu sinh hoat cua ngi dan phat sinh ra va nc ma chay tran be mat. Do o cac bien phap c thc hien nh sau: He thong thoat nc ma Mang li thoat nc ma c thiet ke lam 2 lu vc thoat nc chnh tuy theo a hnh va cac ieu kien thoat nc. Nc ma trong khu qui hoach c thu ve cac ho ga at doc theo cac va he cua ng giao thong. T cac ho ga nay va cac ong BTCT, nc ma c dan ve pha cuoi khu at va c thoat ra ng Bnh ng 3 thong qua ng lien xa. Nc thai sinh hoat Nc thai t nha ve sinh, hoat ong tam ra th c dan thang ra tram x ly nc thai chung cua khu dan c bang he thong thoat nc trong nha va khu vc. Nc thai sinh ra t nha ho x se c x ly bang cac be t hoai 3 ngan nham loai bo cac chat hu c va gi lai phan can vi hieu qua x ly at khoang 40 50%. Cau tao be t hoai nh hnh 4.1, be t hoai c bo tr tai cac cum ve sinh cua tng cong trnh.

Be t hoai co dang tao be t nhat. Nc thai c a Hnh 4.1 Cau hnh ch hoai xuong be va cac chat l lng dan dan lang xuong ay be. Qua thi gian 3, 6, 12 thang can lang se c phan huy yem kh trong ngan yem kh. Sau o, nc thai qua ngan lang, ngan loc e loai bo hoan toan cac chat l lng va thoat ra ngoai cong chung cua khu vc. Trong moi be t hoai eu co ong thong hi e giai phong lng kh sinh ra trong qua trnh len men k kh. Phan bun lang se c hut nh ky. u iem cua be t hoai la co cau tao n gian, quan ly de dang va hieu qua x ly tng oi cao.

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Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Nc thai sinh hoat sau khi qua be t hoai c dan ve tram x ly tap trung c. He thong x ly tap trung c mo ta nh hnh 4.2 Cap
kh

Nc thai

Song chan rac

Be lang cat

Be tach dau m

Be ieu hoa thoi kh Tach nc Hoan lu bun Be cha bun

Be sinh hoc hieu

Cong ty thu gom

San phi cat Thung cha dau m Cong ty thu gom

Be lang Kh trung bang clo He thong thoat

Cong ty thu gom

May ep bun
Bon cay

Hnh 4.2 S o cong nghe x ly nc thai Mo ta cong nghe Nc thai t be t hoai cua tng khu dan vao be ieu hoa. Be ieu hoa co nhiem vu ieu hoa lu lng va ieu chnh pH toi u, sau o bm vao be thoi kh (Aerotank). Trong be thoi kh, nc thai c cung cap kh va khuay tron lien tuc vi bun vi sinh, chat hu c c vi sinh vat hap thu be mat va bat au qua trnh phan huy tao ra CO2 va te bao vi sinh vat mi. Theo ket qua th nghiem thi gian lu nc trong be t 4 - 8 gi th kha nang phan huy chat hu c (COD) t 85- 90%, vi BOD au vao khoang 150mg/l th sau khi qua cong trnh nay ham lng BOD giam con t 15mg/l 25mg/l. Sau qua trnh phan huy chat huu c, lng bun vi sinh c tach ra khoi dong nc thai bang be lang. Mot phan bun t be lang c tuan hoan ve cho be thoi kh, phan con lai c thu gom bang he thong thu bun dan vao be cha bun. Toan bo lng bun d c x ly on nh thanh phan bang be x ly bun sau o o bo tai bai rac (theo xe thu rac) s dung cho viec bon cay.

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Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Nc thai sau o c dan qua be kh trung, he thong kh trung la thiet b thiet b x ly bat cao nham tieu diet hoan vi sinh gay hai trc khi thai ra moi trng. Nc thai sau x ly at tieu chuan, TCVN 6772-2000, mc III va c thai ra he thong thoat nc ben ngoai qua ng ong thoat nc Bnh ng 3 va chay qua kenh Go Da sau nhap vao sng song Sai Gon. Nc thai t be cha dau m c x ly bang cach ky hp ong vi cac cong ty x ly chat thai nguy hai e thu gom ve x ly. Trong trng hp he thong x ly nc thai gap s co, nc thai c lu tr trong be cha nc d phong, at tai cum x ly e tranh trng hp nc thai tran ra ngoai khu vc xung quanh. d) Bien phap quan ly chat thai ran Vi muc ch bao ve moi trng, tao ieu kien nang cao hieu qua cho cac qua trnh x ly cua he thong thu gom chat thai ran. Chat thai ran sinh hoat phat sinh tai khu dan c se c phan thanh 2 loai: chat thai co kha nang tai che va chat thai khong co kha nang tai che. Chat thai ran sinh hoat phat sinh tai khu dan c vi khoi lng khoang 280 kg/ngay. Theo bao cao Phan Loai Chat Thai Ran Tai Nguon, chat thai ran thc pham thng chiem khoang 80% (tng ng 224 kg/ngay), va cac phan con lai nh: giay van phong, vo hop sa, nc giai khat, tui nilonchiem 20% (tng ng 56 kg/ngay). Lng rac thai nay sau khi c phan loai tai nguon se c thu gom cho cac n v thu mua phe lieu. Moi ho gia nh se c trang b hai thung rac, mot thung ng rac thc pham, mot thung ng rac con lai. Doc hanh lang cua khu dan c c bo tr cac thung rac quy nh oi vi tng loai rac thu gom trong moi ho dan. Tai moi khu vc at 2 thung (thung mau xanh va mau vang). Thung mau xang cha chat thai thc pham, thung mau vang cha cac loai chat thai khac. Trong o: thung 20 lt c bo tr trong cac ho gia nh. Thung 120 lt bo tr tai khu vc hanh lang khu dan c. So thung phai au t c trnh bay c tnh trong Bang 4.1. Bang 4.1 c tnh so thung rac phai au t Loai chat thai ran sinh hoat Khoi lng (kg/nga y) Khoi lng rieng (kg/l) Thung 120lt Thun g 20l

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Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu Chat thai thc pham Chat thai con lai

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc 224 56 0,3 0,146 7 4 90 90

Cac loai chat thai ran nay se c thu gom hang ngay va lu tr tai khu vc tap trung chat thai ran cua nha may. Toan bo lng chat thai ran sinh hoat se thu gom va van chuyen ve bai chon lap theo nh ky 1 ngay/lan. 4.2 OI VI S CO MOI TRNG

Bien phap phong chong chay no Trong qua trnh xay dng d an, chu au t phai chu trong en viec xay dng cac bien phap phong chay cha chay nh: Thiet ke xay dng cac khoang cach an toan PCCC, loi thoat hiem, lap at he thong ien se c thc hien theo ung TCVN 2622 1995 va tieu chuan 11 TCVN 18 14 do chnh phu Viet Nam quy nh ve cong tac PCCC. Doc hanh lang noi bo c trang b voi cha chay va he thong cap nc cha chay, to dan pho khu vc thanh lap oi phong chay cha chay (PCCC) nham ng pho kp thi khi co s co xay ra. oi PCCC phai thng xuyen c huan luyen va dien tap theo s hng dan cua c quan ban nganh. Cung cap cac so ien thoai can thiet khi co tnh huong hoa hoan xay ra. Phong chay cac thiet b ien Cac thiet b ien c tnh toan day dan co tiet dien hp ly vi cng o dong, co thiet b bao ve qua tai. Cac Moteur ien eu co hop che chan bao ve. Thiet b ien phai c i ng day ngam e tranh tnh trang xuong cap.

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Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

CHNG 5:

CAM KET THC HIEN BIEN PHAP BAO VE MOI TRNG

Trong qua trnh xay dng d an, chung toi khong s dung cac loai hoa chat, chung vi sinh trong danh muc cam cua Viet Nam va trong cac cong c quoc te ma Viet Nam tham gia. Chung toi cam ket cac nguon thai se c kiem soat chat che. Nong o cac chat o nhiem phat sinh at tieu chuan thai vao moi trng: + am bao ve ha tang cho khu dan c (cap ien, cap nc, cay xanh, giao thong). + Moi trng khong kh at tieu chuan TCVN 5937-2005 Tieu chuan chat lng khong kh xung quanh. + Nc thai: cam ket tach he thong thoat nc ma, nc thai sinh hoat khu dan c am bao x ly at TCVN 6772 2000, mc III chat lng nc nc thai sinh hoat va gii han o nhiem cho phep. + Tieng on khu dan c at TCVN 5949 1998. Am hoc. Tieng on khu vc cong cong va khu dan c. + Thc hien ung che o bao cao giam sat moi trng nh ky theo ung hng dan tai thong t 08/2006 cua Bo Tai Nguyen & Moi Trng. Cam ket thi han hoan thanh cac cong trnh x ly chat thai: hoan thanh trong giai oan xay dng. Cam ket chu trach nhiem trc phap luat Viet Nam neu vi pham cac cong c quoc te, cac tieu chuan Viet Nam va e xay ra s co gay o nhiem moi trng. Cam ket thi han hoan thanh cac cong trnh x ly chat thai: hoan thanh trong giai oan xay dng. Cam ket chu trach nhiem trc phap luat Viet Nam neu vi pham cac cong c quoc te, cac tieu chuan Viet Nam va e xay ra s co gay o nhiem moi trng.

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GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

CHNG 6:

CAC CONG TRNH X LY MOI TRNG CHNG TRNH QUAN LY VA GIAM SAT MOI TRNG
6.1 DANH MUC CAC CONG TRNH X LY MOI TRNG Bang 6.1 Danh muc cac cong trnh x ly moi trng
T T A 1 CONG TRNH KE HOACH THC HIEN X LY MOI TRNG Giai oan xay dng Nha ve sinh di Trang b khi d an bat au c trien ong khai xay dng va ket thuc khi be t hoai c xay dng xong va a vao van hanh. Thung cha Trang b khi d an bat au c trien chat thai ran khai xay dng va ket thuc khi hoan tat sinh hoat giai oan xay dng. Giai oan van hanh He thong Lap at ong thi vi qua trnh xay thoat nc ma dng d an; a vao s dung khi d an bat au hoat ong. He thong Lap at ong thi vi qua trnh xay thoat nc dng d an; a vao s dung khi d an thai sinh hoat bat au hoat ong. He thong x Lap at ong thi vi qua trnh xay ly nc thai dng d an; a vao s dung khi d an sinh hoat bat au hoat ong. He thong thu Lap at ong thi vi qua trnh xay gom rac thai dng d an; a vao s dung khi d an sinh hoat va bat au hoat ong. iem tap ket rac He thong Lap at ong thi vi qua trnh xay phong chong dng d an; a vao s dung khi d an chay bat au hoat ong.

2 B 1 2 2 3

6.2 CHNG TRNH QUAN LY VE GIAM SAT MOI TRNG 6.2.1 Chng trnh quan ly moi trng Trong qua trnh thi cong xay dng cac cong trnh c ban Mot so bien phap quan ly can thc hien:

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Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Tuan thu cac quy nh ve an toan lao ong khi lap o an to chc thi cong nh cac bien phap thi cong at, van e bo tr thiet b, may moc. Han che tnh trang tac nghen giao thong do tap trung van chuyen nguyen vat lieu xay dng bang cach ieu phoi hoat ong van chuyen mot cach hp ly, han che van chuyen vao cac gi cao iem. Co cac bien phap an toan lao ong khi lap tien o thi cong nh: thi gian va trnh t thi cong phai am bao s on nh cua cong trnh, bo tr tuyen thi cong, mat bang thi cong hp ly e khong gay can tr lan nhau. Tai cong trng phai am bao: co nha an. Nha ngh tam, tam ra, y te cho cong nhan. Bo tr hp ly ng van chuyen va i lai. Lap rao chan cac khu vc nguy hiem nh tram bien the, xang dau, vat lieu de gay chay no. Thiet ke chieu sang nhng ni can thiet ve ban em. Lap at cac thiet b chong on cho nhng khu vc nao co mc o on ln nh kh nen, may ca, che chan cac khu vc sinh bui khong cho lan truyen ra khu vc xung quanh. Dung xe ti nc ti ng va cat, a trong qua trnh tron betong. Vi tieng on cua o to can co giai phap cay xanh hoac tng chan doc ngan chan bt tieng on. Ap dung cong tac tuyen truyen, quan ly cong nhan chat che. Cam cac te nan xa hoi trong khu vc thi cong. Giai quyet triet e mau thuan gia cong nhan vi cong ong dan c a phng. Duy tr loi song lanh manh, cac tap tuc van hoa truyen thong cua c dan a phng. Co phng an cung cap nc sach thu gom va x ly nc thai, rac thai, am bao ieu kien ve sinh moi trng toi thieu cho cong nhan xay dng. Ben canh o, e han che anh hng en sc khoe cua cong nhan trc tiep thi cong, chu cong trnh xay dng se cung cap ay u cac trang thiet b bao ho lao ong cho cong nhan va bat buoc cong nhan thc hien nghiem tuc cac quy nh ve an toan lao ong e tranh cac tai nan ang tiec xay ra. Trong qua trnh d an i vao hoat ong Thanh lap to bao tr cho khu dan c nham quan ly chung ve tnh hnh thc hien cac bien phap bao ve moi trng: khu vc thu gom he thong x ly chat thai ran, he thong x ly nc thai, thoat nc C quan quan ly moi trng thng xuyen phoi hp kiem tra cong tac bao ve moi trng cua chu au t. Trang 48-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Thanh lap cac oi quan ly trat t o th, quan ly chung hoat ong cua toan khu. 6.2.2 Chng trnh giam sat moi trng e am bao cac hoat ong cua d an luon on nh ong thi khong che cac tac ong tieu cc en moi trng xung quanh va anh gia hieu qua cua cac bien phap x ly o nhiem, chng trnh giam sat chat lng moi trng c e xuat va thc hien nh sau: Can co bien phap giam sat nh ky chat lng nc thai, kh thai va cac ch tieu o nhiem khac. Kiem soat qua trnh hoat ong, van hanh cua he thong x ly sao cho hieu qua. Kiem tra nh ky chat lng nc au ra sau khi x ly, hieu qua x ly e co bien phap ieu chnh kp thi. a) Giam sat chat lng moi trng trong giai oan xay dng Trong giai oan nay, nguon o nhiem chnh cho moi trng khong kh la tieng on, o rung va bui phat sinh trong qua trnh xay dng cong trnh, van chuyen nguyen vat lieu. Do thi gian xay dng ngan nen d an khong xay tien hanh giam sat trong giai oan nay. Tuy nhien d an cung se thc hien nghiem tuc cac bien phap bao ve moi trng nham han che thep nhat cac chat o nhiem anh hng en moi trng. b) Giam sat chat lng moi trng trong giai oan hoat ong Giam sat chat lng moi trng khong kh V tr va so lng mau giam sat: 03 v tr xung quanh khu dan c. Ch tieu giam sat: nhiet o, o am, bui, tieng on, rung, CO, SOx, NOx. Tan xuat lay mau: 2 lan/nam. Tieu chuan so sanh: TCVN 5937 2005 Chat lng khong kh Tieu chuan chat lng khong kh xung quanh va tieu chuan khong kh ni lam viec cua Bo Y te 2003 (Q 3733/2003 BYT), TCVN 5949 1998. Giam sat chat lng nc V tr va so lng mau giam sat: 3 v tr - 01 v tr sau be t hoai. - 01 v tr sau he thong x ly nc thai. - 01 v tr tai iem xa cuoi cung Ch tieu giam sat: pH, COD, BOD, SS, NNH3, N tong, Ptong, coliform, dau m. Trang 49-

Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu Tan xuat lay mau: 4 lan/nam. Tieu chuan so sanh: TCVN 6772 2000 Chat lng nc Nc thai sinh hoat gii han o nhiem cho phep.
Giam sat chat thai ran V tr giam sat: khu vc tap ket chat thai ran sinh hoat. Thong so giam sat: lng thai. Tan suat giam sat: 3 thang/lan. Cac so lieu tren se c thng xuyen cap nhat hoa, anh gia va ghi nhan ket qua. Neu co s phat sinh s co co kha nang gay nguy hai en moi trng d an se thong bao ngay en cac c quan quan ly moi trng a phng va cac cap co tham quyen e co bien phap x ly thch hp.

CHNG 7:

D TOAN KINH PH CHO CAC CONG TRNH MOI TRNG

7.1 D TON KINH PH TRONG X L MI TRNG:
Bang 7.1 D toan kinh ph x ly moi trng ST T A 1 2 B 1 Noi dung Giai oan xay dng X ly nc thai sinh hoat X ly chat thai ran sinh hoat Nha ve sinh di ong 100.000.000 ong 500.000 ong 20.000.000 ong 500.000 ong/tha ng 250.000 ong/tha ng Khong Ten thiet b Kinh ph xay dng, lap at Kinh ph van hanh

Thung cha chat thai ran sinh hoat Giai oan van hanh X ly nc thai Be t hoai sinh hoat

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Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

2 3 X ly nc thai sinh hoat X ly chat thai ran sinh hoat

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

He thong x ly nc thai tap trung Thung cha chat thai ran sinh hoat 500.000.000 ong 1.500.000 2.500.000 ong/tha ng 200.000

Bang 7.2 D toan kinh ph cho he thong x ly nc thai tap trung

STT Thong so ky So Thanh n gia thuat lng tien 3 The tch: 4 m 1 Be lang cat Kch thc: 1x4x1m 1 1,550,000 6,200,000 Vat lieu: BTCT The tch: 4m3 2 Be tach dau Kch thc: 1x4x1m 1 1,550,000 6,200,000 Vat lieu: BTCT The tch:36m3 Be ieu hoa 3 Kch thc: 4x3x3m 1 1,550,000 55,800,000 thoi kh Vat lieu: BTCT The tch: 36m3 4 Be sinh hoc Kch thc: 4x3x3m 1 1,550,000 55,800,000 Vat lieu: BTCT Be lang The tch: 12m3 5 Kch thc: 2x2x3m 1 1,550,000 18,600,000 Vat lieu: BTCT The tch: 4m3 6 Be kh trung Kch thc: 1x4x1m 1 1,550,000 6,200,000 Vat lieu: BTCT Bang 7.2 D toan kinh ph cho he thong x nc thai tap trung (tt) Thiet b Thiet b Thong so ky thuat Dien tch: 6m2 Kch thc: 3x2m Vat lieu: gach The tch: 12m3 Kch thc: 2x2x3m Vat lieu: BTCT So n gia lng 1 Thanh tien

STT

7 San phi cat

1,750,000 10,500,000

8 Be cha bun

1,550,000 18,600,000

Dien tch: 20m2 9 Nha ieu hanh Kch thc: 5x4m Vat lieu: BTCT TONG I

1,450,000 29,000,000 206,900,000

Bang 7.3 D toan kinh ph phan thiet b cho he thong x nc thai tap trung STT Thiet b So n n gia Thanh

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Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

Song chan rac Xuat x: ATE Vat lieu: Inox Bm cat Cong suat: 1HP, 1Px 220V Lu lng: 1m3/gi, H = 5m Xuat x: EBARA - Italia Can gat dau m Mot: 0,25 HP, 1Px220V Canh gat Inox ATE Thung cha dau m Dung tch: 300l Vat lieu: nha PE Xuat x: ai Thanh Bm nc thai Cong suat: 1,5HP, 1Px 220V Lu lng: 3-5m3/gi, H=10m Xuat x: EBARA - Italia Bm bun Cong suat: 1,5 HPx 220V Lu lng: 3-5m3/gi, H=10m Xuat x: EBARA Italia May thoi kh Cong suat: 3,5HP, 3Px380V Lu lng: 2m3/phut Xuat x: Anlet - Japan

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

lng v Cai tien 2,500,00 2,500,000 0

Cai

7,500,00 7,500,000 0

Cai

7,500,00 7,500,000 0

Cai

520,000

520,000

Bo

8,500,00 34,000,00 0 0

Bo

8,500,00 8,500,000 0

Bo

23,350,0 46,700,00 00 0

Bang 7.3 D toan kinh ph phan thiet b cho he thong x nc thai tap trung (tt) STT Thiet b Bm hoa chat Cong suat: 0,25 HP, 1Px220V Lu lng: 50lt/gi Xuat x: Blue & WhiteUSA May ep bun So lng n n gia v Thanh tien

Bo

6,800.000 6,800,000

Cai

135,000,0 135,000,0

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Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

Bang tai ep: 0,8m Cong suat: 2000 kg/gi Xuat x: ATE Viet Nam Thiet b pha che hoa chat Mot: 0,25 HP, 1Px220V Canh khuay Inox ATE Thung cha: nha PE 500 lt, ai Thanh He thong ng ong Ong dan kh Ong dan nc thai qua cac be Ong dan hoa chat He thong ien ieu khien Vat t: LG korea Lap at tai ATE au phan phoi kh Xuat x: USA Bun vi sinh TONG II

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

00

00

10

Bo

7,600,000 7,600,000

11

Bo

22,200,00 22,200,00 0 0

12 13 14

1 16 5

Bo Bo m3

12,800,00 12,800,00 0 0 450,000 7,200,000

1,500,000 7,750,000 306,300, 000

TONG KINH PH: TONG I + TONG II = 513,200,000VN 7.2 CHI PH GIAM SAT MOI TRNG 7.2.1 Chi ph giam sat chat lng nc Chi ph phan tch mau nc c d tru theo bang 7.4 Bang 7.4 Chi ph phan tch nc thai
STT 1 2 3 4 Ch tieu pH COD BOD SS n gia 15.000 35.000 60.000 30.000 So lng 3 3 3 3 Tan suat giam sat/nam 4 4 4 4 Thanh tien 180.000 420.000 720.000 360.000

Bang 7.4 Chi ph phan tch nc thai (tt) STT Ch 5 6 tieu N-NH3 Ntong n gia 30.000 140.00 0 Trang 53So lng 3 3 Tan suat giam sat/nam 4 4 Thanh tien 360.000 1.680.000

Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu 7 Ptong 60.000 8 Colifor 60.000

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc 3 3 4 4 720.000 720.000

m 7.2.2 Chi ph giam sat chat lng khong kh Bang 7.5 Chi ph o ac moi trng khong kh STT 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Ch tieu Nhiet o o am Tieng on Bui SO2 NO2 CO n gia (VN) 15.000 15.000 40.000 60.000 60.000 60.000 60.000 Tong cong Cac chi ph khac Chi ph cong nhat o ac: 200.000 ngi/ngay x 4 ngi = 800.000 Tien van chuyen, i lai: 800.000 Tong hp va x ly so lieu va lap bao cao giam sat moi trng: 2.000.000 ong 7.3 TONG CHI PH GIAM SAT ST T 1 2 3 Noi dung Giam sat mo trng nc Giam sat chat thai ran sinh hoat Giam sat chat lng khong kh Tong kinh ph Kinh ph thc hien 5.150.000 ong/nam 800.000 ong/nam 5.460.000 ong/nam 11.410.000 ong/nam So lng 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Tan xuat 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Thanh tien (VN) 90.000 90.000 240.000 360.000 360.000 360.000 360.000 1.860.000

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GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

CHNG 8:

THAM VAN Y KIEN CONG ONG

Theo hng dan cua thong t 08/2006/TT-BTNMT ngay 08/09/2007. Y kien cua cac cap lanh ao xa c the hien tai cac cong van nh kem.

CHNG 9:

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Bao Cao Thc tap Dieu

GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

CH DAN NGUON CUNG CAP SO LIEU, D LIEU VA PHNG PHAP ANH GIA
9.1 NGUON CUNG CAP SO LIEU, D LIEU Bang 9.1 Nguon tai lieu, d lieu do chu d an tao lap
ST Nguon tai lieu, d T lieu tham khao D an au t Khu Dan C Nam Thnh cua Cong 1 Ty Co Phan Dch Vu Thng Mai Xay Dng Hy a; 2 anh gia o tin cay Bao cao do cong ty Co Phan Dch Vu Thng Mai Xay Dng Hy a ket hp vi t van co chc nang thc hien, am bao o tin cay. Bao cao do cong ty Co Phan Dch Vu Thng Mai Xay Dng Hy a ket hp vi t van co chc nang thc hien, am bao o tin cay. Bao cao do cong ty Co Phan Dch Vu Thng Mai Xay Dng Hy a ket hp vi t van co chc nang thc hien, am bao o tin cay. Bao cao do cong ty Co Phan Dch Vu Thng Mai Xay Dng Hy a ket hp vi t van co chc nang thc hien, am bao o tin cay.

Tai lieu khao sat a chat cong trnh Khu Dan C Nam Thnh; Tai lieu quy hoach chi tiet, ho s d an Khu Dan C Nam Thnh Cac ban ve quy hoach chi tiet quy hoach xay dng Khu Dan c Nam Thnh;

Bang 9.2 Nguon tai lieu d lieu tham khao

ST T 1 2 Nguon tai lieu, d lieu tham khao www.binhduong.gov.vn Environmental technology series. Assessment of sources of air, water, and land pollution. Giao trnh thiet ke mo Trng ai Hoc Mo a Chat. anh gia o tin cay S lieu c tong hp tren mang thong tin nen am bao o tin cay Bao cao do World Health Organization thc hien am bao o tin cay Giao trnh do Trng ai Hoc Mo a Chat Ha Noi bien soan nen am bao o tin cay.

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Bao Cao Thc tap GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc Dieu 9.2 Phng phap ap dung trong TM - Phng phap nghien cu, khao sat thc a, bao gom: + Su tam tai lieu va khao sat thc te bao gom: a hnh, a chat Kh tng thuy van Thuy vc va nguon nc Cac he sinh thai. He thong cap nc He thong thoat nc He thong ng giao thong He thong thong tin lien lac He thong phong chay cha chay Mang li ien va he thong cung cap nang lng. Khao sat chat lng nc mat Khao sat chat lng nc ngam Khao sat chat lng khong kh Khao sat chat lng moi trng at.

+ Su tam tai lieu ve c s ha tang:

+ Khao sat hien trang moi trng khu vc d an:

- Phng phap liet ke (Checklists) + Liet ke cac tac ong moi trng do hoat ong xay dng d an; + Liet ke cac tac ong moi trng do qua trnh van hanh d an gay ra, bao gom cac nhan to gay o nhiem moi trng: nc thai; kh thai; chat thai ran; an toan lao ong; chay no; ve sinh moi trng; + Da tren kinh nghiem hoat ong va van hanh cua mot so nha may co loai hnh san xuat tng t, d bao cac tac ong en moi trng, kinh te va xa hoi trong khu vc do hoat ong cua d an gay ra. - Phng phap so sanh: so sanh ve li ch ky thuat va kinh te, la chon va e xuat phng an giam thieu cac tac ong do hoat ong cua d an gay ra oi vi moi trng, kinh te va xa hoi.

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GVHD: Tran Th Ngoc

KET LUAN
D an thanh lap khu dan c Nam Thnh ngoai viec se mang lai nhieu nguon li kinh te cho a phng va tnh nha, ben canh o cung se phat sinh nhieu tac ong tieu cc anh hng en moi trng. Cac tac ong trong qua trnh xay dng va hoat ong cua d an co the xay ra nh sau: O nhiem kh thai, bui, tieng on sinh ra t qua trnh thi cong xay dng va hoat ong cua d an. O nhiem do nc thai sinh hoat sinh ra t cac hoat ong cua d an. O nhiem chat do thai ran sinh hoat, chat thai trong qua trnh xay dng Tac ong tiem tang do s co moi trng nh hoa hoan, tai nan lao ongkhi xay ra se anh hng nang ve mat kinh te xa hoi.

e han che cac tac ong tieu cc tren, chu au t cam ket se au t ve kinh ph va thc hien nghiem tuc cac van e bao ve moi trng nham am bao chat thai cua d an khi thai ra se khong anh hng xau en moi trng. Trong qua trnh thi cong xay dng se thc hien nghiem tuc van e bao ve moi trng tai cong trng xay dng nham han che toi a cac nguy c tai nan lao ong cung nh cac tac ong en moi trng do chat thai t cong nhan tham gia xay dng tai cong trng. Qua trnh hoat ong, chu au t se thc hien cac van e ve x ly kh thai, nc thai, thu gom, van chuyen va quan ly chat thai ran an toan. Ben canh o chu au t cung se thc hien nghiem tuc van e ve phong chong chay no theo ung quy nh. Chu au t se thc hien chng trnh giam sat moi trng nh ky va bao cao cho c quan quan ly moi trng nham han che thap nhat cac s co moi trng co the xay ra t cac hoat ong cua d an.

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