1.

Gii thiu v Sulfur Dioxide

Sulfur dioxide c cng

thc phn t :SO2,l mt cht kh trong nhm SOX

Khi lng phn t :64

Tnh cht vt l

Lu hunh ixit l mt kh v c khng mu, khng chy ,mi hc ,c v hng, cay;nng hn khng kh 2,2 ln.

Tnh cht ha hc
SO2 l mt xit axit, tan trong nc to thnh

dung dch axit yu H2SO3 SO2 + H2O --> H2SO3 SO2 l cht kh khi tc dng mt cht oxi ha mnh
SO2+2KMnO4 +2H2O--> K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 2H2SO4

SO2 l cht oxi ha khi tc dng vi cht kh

mnh hn SO2 + 2Mg --> S + 2MgO

2.Ngun gc ca kh SO2
2.1.T nhin :ni la,chy rng

Ngun gc ca kh SO2(tip)
2.2.Nhn to : * t nhin liu: SO2 sinh ra nh l sn phm ph trong qu trnh t chy than , du, kh t . Trong nhin liu rn v lng c cha lu hunh vi hm lng khc nhau, c ti 6% trng lng trong than v 4,5 % trong du. Khi chy lu hunh phn ng vi oxy to thnh vi oxit lu hunh, trong khong 99% l kh SO2

* Pht thi SO2 mt s nghnh:

- Cng nghip gang thp: Ch yu cng on t chy hn hp th gia qung st v nhin liu trn bng ti bng

cch ht qua bng ti mt lu lng ln khng kh ( 6000

m3/1tn qung cn thiu kt). Khng kh y cha nhiu bi (khong 5g/m3TC) v kh SO2(t 870 1440 mg/m3)

Kh SO2 cn c thi nhiu cng nghip

luyn kim mu, cng nghip sn xut xi mng ( giai on sy v nung), sn xut giy.
- Cng ngh lc du: Kh thi vo kh quyn t nh my lc du chia lm 4 loi trong c 2 loi:

+ Kh thi t cc l nung, bp un, vi t s

dng trong qu trnh chng ct, trong c cha SO2 do cc tp cht c cha lu hunh. + Kh c cha cc hp cht ca lu hunh nh H2S v SO2 thot ra t cc tng ca thp chng ct

khi thi cc hp cht ca lu hunh t phn ct c.

* Hot ng giao thng:

Hot ng giao thng thi ra mi trng mt lng

ln kh SO2, khi s dng 1kg xng diezen s thi ra mi trng khong 2,3-3,8g SOX
Cht kh SO2 pht thi ch yu t xe but v xe ti (2

loi phng tin c s dng du diezel c lu

hunh).

3.Tc hi v c ch
SO2 ioxit l cht

gy nhim L mt trong nhng nguyn nhn chnh gy ra ma axit. Ma axit tn ph cy rng, cc cng trnh kin trc, nh hng ti s sng ca cc sinh vt.

chp vo nm 1908

chp vo nm 1968

BC TNG BN NGOI MT LU I WESTPHALIA C; C XY VO NM 1752

Tc hi v c ch
* i vi thc vt: SO2 l tc nhn chnh gy hin tng ma axit, nh hng xu n thc vt. Khi tip xc vi mi trng c cha hm lng SO2 t 1 - 2ppm trong vi gi c th gy tn thng l cy. i vi cc loi thc vt nhy cm nh nm, a y, hm lng 0,15 - 0,30 ppm c th gy c cp tnh. Khi thm nhp vo cc t bo l cy, SO2 chuyn ha nh sau:SO2 SO32- SO42 Trong tc bin i t SO2 thnh ion sunfit nhanh hn nhiu so vi tc bin i t ion sunfit thnh ion sunfat m ion sunfit SO32- c hi gp 30 ln so vi ion sunfat.

Tc hi cp tnh ca SO2 i vi thc vt ch yu l gy thnh m nu vng l cy v mang tnh cc b, ch tn thng khng bao gi c hi phc, nhng nhng ch khng b tn thng vn hot ng bnh thng. Sau khi b tc hi bi SO2, chi l non mc ra vn bnh thng, khng b nh hng. Tc hi cp tnh ca SO2 xy ra khi nng trong khng kh khong 0,03 ppm. Tc hi mn tnh xy ra nng thp hn. Cc loi thc vt nhy cm vi SO2 l cy linh lng (luzerne), cy bng vi, c ci, bp ci, c rt, la m, to, .. cc loi cy chng chu tt vi SO2 l khoai ty, hnh, ng, da chut, bu b, chanh, .

Ma axit tn ph cy rng

* i vi con ngi:
Gy vim phi, b cc bnh v mt v da

Vim phi mn tnh

Vim gic mc mt

Phng thc cht c i vo c th

Qua h hp:Tc ng ch yu ca SO2 l vo

c quan h hp gy nn s kch thch v lm tng tr khng ca lung khng kh. Hu ht mi ngi b kch thch nng SO2 l 5 ppm hay cao hn. Mt s ngi nhy cm thm ch cn b kch thch nng 1 2 ppm SO2 v i khi xy ra s co tht thanh qun khi b nhim c SO2 nng 5 10 ppm . Nhng triu chng ca vic nhim c SO2 l co tht thanh qun km theo s tng tng ng cm vi khng kh th. Khi tip xc vi mt chng c th to thnh axit gy vim kt mc, bng v c gic mc.

SO2 c th xm nhp vo c th ngi qua da gy nhim c SO2 c th xm nhp vo c th con ngi qua c quan tiu ha sau khi c ha tan trong nc bt. V cui cng chng c th xm nhp vo h tun hon. Khi tip xc vi bi, SO2 c th to ra cc ht axit nh, cc ht ny cth xm nhp vo cc huyt mch nu kch thc ca chng nh hn 2-3 m. Trong mu, SO2 tham gia nhiu phn ng ho hc lm gim d tr kim trong mu gy ri lon chuyn ho ng v protin, gy thiu vitamin B v C, to ramethemoglobine chuyn Fe2+(ho tan) thnh Fe3+(kt ta) gy tc nghn mch mu cng nh lm gim kh nng vn chuyn xy ca hng cu, gy co hp dy thanh qun,kh th.

VIM PHI

Gii phu bnh vim phi

X- Quang vim phi

Tnh trng phi khi b bnh

Vim phi

--LD50 i vi chut l 1000 2000 mg SO2 / kg th trng. --LD50 i vi th l 600 700 mg/kg th trng, v i vi mo l 450 mg/kg th trng. -- ch v ngi, s ng c gy cht l khng th xy ra v SO2 gy ra s nn ma khi n phi. Tc dng c ca SO2 i vi con ngi rt khc nhau. Mt vi ngi c th chu ng n liu lng 50 mg/kg th trng, trong khi nhng ngi khc b au u, tiu chy khi b nhim cng mt liu lng.

KT LUN
SOX l mt kh c hi i vi con ngi v sinh vt ,v th vic hn ch SOX l vic rt cn thit. Mt s bin php hn ch SOX trong mi trng: Gim thiu cc loi xe s dng nhiu nhin liu Gim s dng than sn xut in Xy dng h thng x l kh ti cc khu cng nghip

Bin php hn ch
Trng rng

Trng cc loi c c kh nng hp th SOX:Bc nh, Bc n, Bc hp, C vy ti.

THE END