MOTSOBAITAPMAUMDT1

Khoa ien - ien t Vie n thong Ma ch ie n T I
Mot so bai ta p ma u 1
MOT SO BAI TAP MAU CHO QUYEN
Giao trnh mach ien t I

Chng I: DIODE BAN DAN.

I. Diode ban dan thong thng:
1) Ve dang song chnh lu: (Ba i 1-1 trang 29)

Cong thc tong quat tnh V
L
:
L
L i
D S
L
R
R R
V V
V
+
=
V
D
= 0,7V (Si) va V
D
= 0,2V (Ge)

a- Ve V
L
(t) vi V
S
(t) dang song vuong co bien o 10 va 1V

Ket qua vi gia thiet: R
i
= 1, R
L
= 9, V
D
= 0,7V.
V Diode chnh lu ch dan ien theo mo t chieu nen:
Trong 0 T
2
1
> , Diode dan i
D
0 i
L
0 V
L
0.
V 37 , 8 9
9 1
7 , 0 10
V
1 L
=
+
= va V 27 , 0 9
9 1
7 , 0 1
V
2 L
=
+
=
Trong 0 T
2
1
< , Diode ta t i
D
= 0 i
L
= 0 V
L
= 0.

i
L

i
D
R
L
R
i
V
L
V
s
+
-
-
+

V
D
10
-10
0 1
- -
+ +
V
S

2 3 4 t(ms)
1
-1
0 1
- -
+ +
V
S

2 3 4
t(ms)
8,37
0 1
V
L1

2 3 4
t(ms)
0,27
0 1
V
L2

2 3 4
t(ms)
b- Ve V
L
(t) vi V
S
(t) dang song sin co bien o 10 va 1V.

Khi V
S
= 10sin
o
t ngha la V
Sm
= 10V >> V
D
=0,7V ta co :
9 9
9 1
10
R
R R
V
V
L
L i
Sm
1 L
=
+
+

t sin 9 V
0 1 L

(Ta gia i thch theo 0 T
2
1
> va 0 T
2
1
< )
Khi V
S
= 1sin
0
t

ngha la V
Sm
= 1V so sanh c vi 0,7V:
+ V
S
> 0,7V, Diode dan, i
D
0, i
L
0, V
L
0.
6 , 0 t sin 9 , 0 9
9 1
7 , 0 t sin 1
V
0
0
2 L
=
+

=
Tai sin
0
t = 1, |V
L2
| = 0,27V.
+ V
S
< 0,7V, Diode tat, i
D
= 0, i
L
= 0, V
L
= 0.
Vi dang song tam giac ta co ke t qua tng t nh song sin.

2) Bai 1-3: e co cac ke t qua ro rang ta cho them cac gia tr ien tr: R
1
=
1K, R
b
= 10K, R
L
= 9K.

a- Ve V
L
(t) vi dang song vuong co bien o 10V va 1 V.
0 T
2
1
> , Diode dan, R
thD
0, do ng i
L
chay qua R
i
, D, R
L
nen ta co :
V 37 , 8 10 . 9 .
10 . 9 10
7 , 0 10
R
R R
V V
V
3
3 3
L
L i
D S
1 L
=
+
=
+
=
V 27 , 0 10 . 9 .
10 . 9 10
7 , 0 1
R
R R
V V
V
3
3 3
L
L i
D S
2 L
=
+
=
+
=
i
L

R
L

9K
R
i
=1K
V
L
V
s
+
-
-
+

V
D
R
b
=10K
10
0
-10
9
- -
+ +
1
2 3
4
t(ms)
V
S
V
L1
0 1 2 3 4
t(ms)
1
0
-1
1
2 3
4
t(ms)
V
S
V
L2
0
1 2 3 4
t(ms)
0,7
0,27
0 T
2
1
< , Diode ta t, R
ng
= , dong i
L
chay qua R
i
, R
b
, R
L
nen ta co.
V 5 , 4 10 . 9 .
10 . 9 10 10
10
R
R R R
V
V
3
3 4 3
L
L b i
S
1 L
=
+ +
=
+ +
=
V 45 , 0 10 . 9 .
10 . 9 10 10
1
R
R R R
V
V
3
3 4 3
L
L b i
S
1 L
=
+ +
=
+ +
=

b- Ve V
L
(t) vi dang song sin co bien o 10V va 1 V.
e n gian khi V
Sm
= 10V (>>V
D
= 0,7V) ta bo qua V
D
. Khi o:
+ 0 T
2
1
> , Diode dan, R
thD
0, do ng i
L
chay qua R
i
, D, R
L
nen ta
co:
) V ( t sin 9 10 . 9 .
10 . 9 10
t sin 10
R
R R
V
V
0
3
3 3
0
L
L i
S
1 L
=
+
=
+
=

+ 0 T
2
1
< , Diode ta t, R
ng
= , dong i
L
chay qua R
i
, R
b
, R
L
ne n ta co.
) V ( t sin 5 , 4 10 . 9 .
10 . 9 10 10
t sin 10
R
R R R
V
V
0
3
3 4 3
0
L
L b i
S
1 L
=
+ +
=
+ +
=
Khi V
S
= 1sin
0
t so sanh c vi V
D
ta se co:
+ 0 T
2
1
> , khi V
Sm
0,7, Diode dan, R
thD
0, dong i
L
chay qua R
i
,
D, R
L
nen ta co:
) V ( 63 , 0 t sin 9 , 0 10 . 9 .
10 . 9 10
7 , 0 t sin 1
R
R R
7 , 0 t sin 1
V
0
3
3 3
0
L
L i
0
2 L
=
+

=
+

=
Tai
2
t
0
= , sin
0
t = 1, ta co V
L2m
= 0,9 - 0,63 = 0,27V
+ 0 T
2
1
> , khi V
Sm
< 0,7, Diode tat, R
ngD
= , dong i
L
chay qua R
i
,
R
b
, R
L
nen ta co:
10
-10
0 1
- -
+ +
V
S

2 3 4
t(ms)
1
-1
0 1
- -
+ +
V
S

2 3
4 t(ms)
8,37
0 1
V
L1

2 3 4
t(ms)
0,27
0 1
V
L2

2 3 4
t(ms)
-4,5
-0,45
t sin 315 , 0 10 . 9 .
10 . 9 10 10
t sin 7 , 0
R
R R R
t sin 7 , 0
V
0
3
3 4 3
0
L
L b i
0
2 L
=
+ +
=
+ +
=
+ 0 T
2
1
< , Diode ta t, R
ng
= , dong i
L
chay qua R
i
, R
b
, R
L
ne n ta co.
t sin 45 , 0 10 . 9 .
10 . 9 10 10
t sin 1
R
R R R
t sin 1
V
0
3
3 4 3
0
L
L b i
0
2 L
=
+ +
=
+ +
=

2) Dang mach Thevenin ap dung nguyen ly chong chap:
Bai 1-20 vi V
i
(t) = 10sin
0
t

a- Ve mach Thevenin:
Ap dung nguyen ly xep chong oi vi hai nguon ien ap V
DC
va V
i
:
Khi ch co V
DC
, con V
i
= 0 th ien ap gi a hai iem A-K:
V 3
10 . 5 , 1 10
10 . 5 , 1
5
r R
r
V V
3 3
3
i i
i
DC AK
=
+
=
+
=
Khi ch co V
i
, con V
DC
= 0 th ien ap gia hai iem A-K la :
) V ( t sin 4
10 . 5 , 1 10
10
t sin . 10
r R
R
V V
0 3 3
3
0
i i
i
i AK
=
+
=
+
=
V
L
+
-
V
i
+
-
i
D
R
L

1,4K
R
i
=1K
V
DC
=5v
K A
r
i
=1,5K
R
T
i
d

V
T
K
A
R
L

R
i
//r
i
i
L

V
T
K A
10
0
-10
9
- -
+ +
t(ms)
V
S
V
L1
t(ms)
1
0
-1
t(ms)
V
S
V
L2
t(ms)
0,7
0,315
+ +
- -
-4,5
-4,5
0,585
Vay khi tac ong ong th i ca V
DC
va V
i
th sc ien ong tng
ng Thevenin gia hai iem A-K la :
) V ( t sin 4 3
r R
R
V
r R
r
V V
0
i i
i
i
i i
i
DC T
+ =
+
+
+
=
ien tr tng ng Thevenin chnh la ien tr tng ng cua
phan ma ch khi Diode h mach la :
= +
+
= +
+
= K 2 10 . 4 , 1
10 . 5 , 1 10
10 . 5 , 1 . 10
R
r R
r . R
R
3
3 3
3 3
L
i i
i i
T

b- Ve ng tai DC khi
2
,
3
,
2
,
3
, 0 t
0

= .
Tai V 3 V 0 t
T 0
= =
Tai ) V ( 46 , 6
2
3
4 3 V
3
t
T 0
= + =
=
Tai ) V ( 7 1 . 4 3 V
2
t
T 0
= + =
=
Tai ) V ( 46 , 0
2
3
4 3 V
3
t
T 0
= =
=
Tai ) V ( 1 1 . 4 3 V
2
t
T 0
= =
=

Theo nh lua t Ohm cho toan mach ta co.
T
T
D
T T
D T
R
V
V .
R
1
R
V V
i + =
=
Tai ) mA ( 15 , 1
10 . 2
3
7 , 0 .
10 . 2
1
i 0 t
3 3
0
= + = =
Tai ) mA ( 88 , 2
10 . 2
46 , 6
7 , 0 .
10 . 2
1
i
3
t
3 3
0
= + =
=
i
D
(mA)
3,15
2,88
1,15
3 6,46 7
-1
V
T
t
Tai ) mA ( 15 , 3
10 . 2
7
7 , 0 .
10 . 2
1
i
2
t
3 3
0
= + =
=
Tai ) mA ( 58 , 0
10 . 2
46 , 0
7 , 0 .
10 . 2
1
i
3
t
3 3
0
= =
=
Tai ) mA ( 85 , 0
10 . 2
1
7 , 0 .
10 . 2
1
i
2
t
3 3 0
= =
=
c- Ve

( )
( ) ) V ( t sin 8 , 2 1 , 2 t sin 4 3 7 , 0 V 7 , 0
10 . 2
V
10 . 4 , 1
R r // R
V
R
R
V
. R i . R ) t ( V
0 0 T
3
T 3
L i i
T
L
T
T
L D L L
+ = + = =
=
+
= = =

II. Diode Zenner:
1) Dang dong I
L
= const (bai 1-40); 200mA I
Z
2A, r
Z
= 0

a- Tm R
i
e V
L
= 18V = const.
I
min
= I
Zmin
+ I
L
= 0,2 + 1 = 1,2 A.
I
max
= I
Zmax
+ I
L
= 1 + 2 = 3 A.
Mat khac ta co: V
imin
= 22V = I
Zmin
.R
i
+ V
Z
.
Suy ra:
= =
= 3 , 3
2 , 1
4
2 , 1
18 22
I
V V
R
min Z
Z min i
i

V
imax
= 28V = I
Zmax
R
i
+ V
Z

Suy ra
= =
= 3 , 3
3
10
3
18 28
I
V V
R
max Z
Z max i
i

Vay R
i
= 3,3.

b- Tm cong suat tieu thu ln nhat cua Diode Zenner:
P
Zmzx
= I
Zmax
.V
Z
= 2.18 = 36W.

V
L

0
-0,7
2,1
4,9V
t
R
L
=18
V
Z
=18v
22v<V
DC
<28v
R
i
I
Z

V
L
I
L

2) Dang dong I
L
const: (bai 1-41), 10mA I
L
85mA.
I
Zmin
= 15mA.

a- Tnh gia tr ln nha t cua R
i

max L min Z
Z i
i
min L max Z
Z i
I I
V V
R
I I
V V
+

Khi V
DC
= 13V ta co
=
+
30
085 , 0 015 , 0
10 13
R
max i

Khi V
DC
= 16V ta co
=
+
60
085 , 0 015 , 0
10 16
R
max i

Vay ta lay R
imax
= 30.

b- Tm cong suat tieu thu ln nhat cua Diode Zenner.
P
Zmax
= I
Zmax
.V
Z
.
Mat khac: V
imax
= I
Zmax
R
i
+ V
Z

mA 200
30
10 16
R
V V
I
i
Z max i
max
=
=
mA 190 19 , 0 01 , 0 2 , 0 I I I
min L max max z
= = = =
W 9 , 1 10 19 , 0 P
max z
= =

3) Dang I
Z
const; I
L
const (Bai 1-42)
30 I
L
50mA, I
Zmin
= 10mA.
r
Z
= 10 khi I
Z
= 30mA; P
zmax
=800mW.

a- Tm R
i
e Diode on nh lien tuc:
mA 80
10
8 , 0
V
P
I
Z
max Z
max Z
= = =
Vay 10mA I
Z
80mA
Ta co : I
min
= I
Zmin
+ I
Lmax
= 60mA
I
max
= I
Zmax
+ I
Lmin
= 110mA
R
L

V
Z
=10v
20v<V
DC
<25v
R
i

10
I
Z

V
L
I
L

R
L

V
Z
=10v
13v<V
DC
<16v
R
i
I
Z

V
L
I
R

I
L

Mat khac: V
imin
= I
min
.R
i
+ V
Z
= 20V
=
= 7 , 166
06 , 0
10 20
R
max i

V
imax
= I
max
.R
i
+ V
Z
= 25V
=
= 36 , 136
11 , 0
10 25
R
min i

Suy ra: 136,4 R
i
166,7
Vay ta chon R
i
=150

b- Ve ac tuyen tai:
Ta co : V
Z
+ I
Z
R
i
= V
DC
I
L
R
i

Vi V
DC
= 20V ta co:
= =
= =
= +
mA 50 I khi V 5 , 12 150 05 , 0 20
mA 30 I khi V 5 , 15 150 03 , 0 20
150 I V
L
L
Z Z

Vi DC = 25V ta co:
= =
= =
= +
mA 50 I khi V 5 , 17 150 05 , 0 25
mA 30 I khi V 5 , 20 150 03 , 0 25
150 I V
L
L
Z Z

Tng ng ta tnh c cac dong I
Z:
mA 7 , 36
150
10 5 , 15
I
1 Z
=
= ; mA 7 , 16
150
10 5 , 12
I
2 Z
=
=
mA 70
150
10 5 , 20
I
3 Z
=
= ; mA 50
150
10 5 , 17
I
4 Z
=
= ;

I
Z
(mA)
V
Z
36,7

50

30

80

70

10

20,5
17,5

15,5

V
Z
=10V 0

r
Z
=10
16,7

12,5

Chng II: TRANSISTOR HAI LP TIEP GIAP

I. Bo khuech ai R-C khong co C
C
va khong co C
E
(E.C).
1) Bai 2-10: 20 60, suy ra I
CQ
kho ng thay oi qua 10%.

Phng trnh ta i mot chieu:
V
CC
= V
CEQ
+ I
CQ
(R
C
+ R
E
).
mA 8
10 10 . 5 , 1
5 25
R R
V V
I
3 3
E C
CEQ CC
CQ
=
+
=
+
=
Neu coi ay la dong ie n ban au khi = 60 sao cho sau mot th i gian
ch con = 20 th yeu cau I
CQ
7,2mA.
Ta giai bai toan ba i toan mot ca ch tong qua t coi
1
= 20;
2
= 60.
E 2 2 b b E 1 1 b
R
10
1
R R R
10
1
R = =
= = = = K 6 10 . 60 .
10
1
R R K 2 10 . 20 .
10
1
R
3
2 b b
3
1 b

Vay 2K R
b
6K
Mat khac
=
b
E
BB
CQ
R
R
7 , 0 V
I , neu coi V
BB
const th ta co :
9 , 0
R
R
R
R
I
I
1
b
E
2
b
E
2 CQ
1 CQ
+
= (1)
Co the tnh trc tiep t ba t phng trnh (1):
|
|
\
|

|
|
\
|
+
1 2
b E
1
b
E
2
b
E
9 , 0 1
R R 1 , 0
R
R 9 , 0
R
R
= =
+
=

K 53 , 3
10 . 3 , 28
100
20
9 , 0
60
1
10 . 1 , 0
9 , 0 1
R 1 , 0
R
3
3
1 2
E
b

V
CEQ
= 5V
+
-
+25V

R
2
R
1
R
C
=1,5K
R
E
=1K
Chon R
b
= 3,5K.
Neu bo qua I
BQ
ta co V
BB
V
BE
+ I
EQ
R
E
= 0,7 + 8.10
-3
.10
3
= 8,7V.
Suy ra:
= =
= K 4 , 5 5368
652 , 0
10 . 5 , 3
25
7 , 8
1
1
10 . 5 , 3
V
V
1
1
R R
3
3
CC
BB
b 1

= = = K 06 , 10 10057
7 , 8
25
10 . 5 , 3
V
V
R R
3
BB
CC
b 2

Ta co the tnh tong quat: Chon R
b
= 4K thay va o (1):
% 9 , 88
1200
1067
20
10 . 4
10
60
10 . 4
10
I
I
3
3
3
3
2 CQ
1 CQ
= =
+
+
= , b loai do khong thoa man (1).
Chon R
b
=3K thay vao (1): 91 , 0
1150
1050
20
10 . 3
10
60
10 . 3
10
I
I
3
3
3
3
2 CQ
1 CQ
= =
+
+
= thoa
man bat phng trnh (1), ta tnh tiep nh tren.

2) Bai 2-11: V i hnh ve bai (2-10) tm gia tr cho R
1
, R
2
sao cho do ng i
C
xoay
chie u co gia tr c c a i.
iem Q toi u c xac nh nh sau:
AC CQT T CEQ
AC DC
CC
T CQ max Cm
R . I V
R R
V
I I
=
+
= =

T hnh ve : R
DC
= R
C
+ R
E
= 1,5.10
3
+ 10
3
= 2,5K.
R
AC
= R
C
+ R
E
= 1,5.10
3
+ 10
3
= 2,5K.
Suy ra:
mA 5
10 . 5 , 2 10 . 5 , 2
25
I
3 3
T CQ
=
+
=

V
CEQT
= 5.10
-3
.2,5.10
3
= 12,5V
Chon = = = K 10 10 . 100 .
10
1
R
10
1
R
3
E b
(bo qua I
BQ
)

V
BB
V
BE
+ I
CQT
.R
E
= 0,7 + 5.10
-3
.10
3
= 5,7V
V
CE
(V)
i
C
(mA)
V
CEQT
= 12,5
25

10
R
V
DC
CC
=

( )
5
R R 2
V
E C
CC
=
+

|
\
|

3
10 . 5 , 2
1
ACLL DCLL
Q
T
0

= =
= K 13 K 95 , 12
772 , 0
10
25
7 , 5
1
1
10 . 10
V
V
1
1
R R
4
3
CC
BB
b 1

= = = K 44 K 85 , 43
7 , 5
25
10
V
V
R R
4
BB
CC
b 2

V R
DC
= R
AC
nen phng trng ta i DC va AC trung nhau.

3) Bai 2-14: iem Q
bat ky
v biet V
BB
= 1,2V; = 20. Tm gia tr to i a cua dao
ong co the co c C va tnh .

Bie t = 20, V
BEQ
= 0,7V.
Ta co : mA 3 , 3
50 100
7 , 0 2 , 1
R
R
V V
I
b
E
BEQ BB
CQ
=
+
=
e tm gia tr to i a cua dao ong co the co c C ta pha i ve
phng trnh ta i DC, AC

V
CEQ
= V
CC
I
CQ
(R
C
+ R
E
) = 6 3,3.10
-3
.1,1.10
3
= 2,37V
Vay gia tr to i a cua dao ong la:
I
Cmmax
= i
Cmax
I
CQ
= 5,45 3,3 = 2,15mA
Suy ra V
Lmax
= I
Cmmax
.R
C
= 2,15.10
3
.10
-3
= 2,15V
P
CC
= I
CQ
.V
CC
= 3,3.10
-3
.6 = 19,8mW
+6V
R
b
= 1K
R
C
= 1K
R
E
= 100
V
BB
= 1,2V
45 , 5
R
V
DC
CC
=
I
CQ
= 3,3
i
C
(mA)
V
CE
(V)
2,37 3 6 0
2,725
Q
T
Q
bk
|
\
|
=
1100
1
ACLL DCLL
( ) ( ) mW 31 , 2 10 . 10 . 15 , 2
2
1
R . I
2
1
P
3
2
3
C
2
max Cm L
= = =

Hieu sua t: % 7 , 11
10 . 8 , 19
10 . 31 , 2
P
P
3
3
CC
L
= = =

II. Bo KRC khong co C
C
, C
E
(tu bypass Emitter) (EC)
1) Bai 2-15: iem Q bat ky.

a- Tm R
1
, R
2
e I
CQ
= 01mA (R
b
<< R
E
)
V R
b
<< R
E
nen ta co:
A 10 mA 10
R
7 , 0 V
I
2
E
BB
CQ
= =

suy ra V
BB
= 0,7 + 100.10
-2
= 1,7V
= = = K 1 100 . 100
10
1
R
10
1
R
E b

=
= K 2 , 1
83 , 0
10
10
7 , 1
1
10
V
V
1
1
R R
3 3
CC
BB
b 1

= = = K 88 , 5
7 , 1
10
10
V
V
R R
3
BB
CC
b 2

b- e tm I
Cmmax
v i R
1
, R
2
nh tren ta pha i ve DCLL va ACLL:

C
E

V
cc
=10V
R
2
R
1
R
C
=150
R
E

100
=100; V
BEQ
=0,7v
i
C
(mA)
V
CE
(V)
Q
|
\
|
150
1
ACLL
|
\
|
250
1
DCLL
7,5
60
10
V
CEmax
= 9V
I
Cmmax

15
V
CEQ
= V
CC
I
CQ
(R
C
+ R
E
) = 10 10
-2
.250 = 7,5V
T hnh ve ta nhan thay e I
Cm
ln nha t va khong b meo th I
Cmmax
=
10mA.
Ta co the tm i
Cmax
va V
Cemax
theo phng trnh
( )
CEQ CE
C
CQ C
V V
R
1
I i =
Cho V
CE
= 0 mA 60
150
5 , 7
10
R
V
I i
2
C
CEQ
CQ max C
= + = + =

Cho i
C
= 0 V 9 5 , 7 150 . 10 V R . I V
1
CEQ C CQ max CE
= + = + =

2) Bai 2-16: iem Q to i u (hnh ve nh hnh 2-15).
e co dao ong Collector c c a i ta co:
AC DC
CC
CQT max Cm
R R
V
I I
+
= = (1)
V
CEQT
= R
AC
.I
CQT
(2)
R
DC
= R
C
+ R
E
= 150 + 100 = 250
R
AC
= R
C
= 150
Thay vao (1) ta c: mA 25
150 250
10
I
CQT
=
+
=
V 75 , 3 10 . 25 . 150 V
3
CEQT
= =

V
BB
0,7 + I
CQT
.R
E
= 3,2V.
= = = K 1 100 . 100 .
10
1
R
10
1
R
E b

=
= K 47 , 1
68 , 0
10
10
2 , 3
1
10
V
V
1
1
R R
3 3
CC
BB
b 1

V
CE
(V)
i
C
(mA)
V
CEQT

= 3,75
2I
CQT
= 50

40
R R
V
E C
CC
=
+

|
\
|
150
1
ACLL
2V
CEQT

=7

10

I
CQT
= 25
|
\
|
250
1
DCLL
= = = K 1 , 3 3125
2 , 3
10
10
V
V
R R
3
BB
CC
b 2

e ve ACLL, rat n gian ta ch can xac nh:
i
Cmax
= 2I
CQT
va V
Cemax
= 2V
CEQT.

III. Bo K R-C co C
C
va C
E
(E.C).
1) Bai 2-20: iem Q to i u
R
DC
= R
C
+ R
E
= 900 + 100 =1K
=
+
=
+
= 450
900 900
900 . 900
R R
R R
R
L C
L C
AC

mA 9 , 6
R R
V
I I
DC AC
CC
CQT max Cm

+
= =
V
CEQT
= I
CQT
.R
AC
= 6,9.10
-3
.450 = 3,1V
V
BB
= 0,7 + R
E
.I
CQT
= 0,7 + 100.6,9.10
-3
= 1,4V
= = = K 1 100 . 100 .
10
1
R
10
1
R
E b

C
E

V
cc
=10V
R
2
R
1
R
C
=900
R
E

100
C
C

R
L
=900K
V
CE
(V)
i
C
(mA)
V
CEQT

= 3,1
2I
CQT
= 13,8

10
R R
V
E C
CC
=
+

|
\
|
450
1
ACLL
6,2 10

0

I
CT
= 6,9
|
\
|
1000
1
DCLL
=
= 1163
86 , 0
10
10
4 , 1
1
10
V
V
1
1
R R
3 3
CC
BB
b 1

= = = 7143
4 , 1
10
10
V
V
R R
3
BB
CC
b 2

Ta co dong xoay chie u:
V 1 , 3 V
mA 45 , 3 9 , 6
900 900
900
I .
R R
R
I
Lm
Cm
L C
C
Lm
=
=
+
=
+
=

2) Van bai 2-20 neu ta bo tu C
E
th ta se co bo khuech ai R.C co C
C
ma khong
co C
E
. Khi o ket qua tnh toan se khac rat t v R
E
<< R
C
, R
L

R
DC
= R
C
+ R
E
= 900 + 100 = 1K
=
+
+ =
+
+ = 550
900 900
900 . 900
100
R R
R R
R R
L C
L C
E AC

mA 45 , 6
550 10
10
R R
V
I I
3
AC DC
CC
max Cm CQT
=
+
=
+
= =
V
CEQT
= I
CQT
.R
AC
= 6,45.10
-3
.550 = 3,55V
V
BB
= 0,7 + I
CQ
. R
E
= 0,7 + 6,45.10
-3
.100 = 1,345V
= = = K 1 100 . 100 .
10
1
R
10
1
R
E b

= =
= 1155
8655 , 0
10
10
345 , 1
1
10
V
V
1
1
R R
3 3
CC
BB
b 1

= = = 7435
345 , 1
10
10
V
V
R R
3
BB
CC
b 2

mA 225 , 3 10 . 45 , 6 .
900 900
900
I
R R
R
I
3
Cm
L C
C
Lm
=
+
=
+
=

V
Lm
= R
L
.I
Lm
= 900.3,225.10
-3
= 2,9V.

IV. Bo K R.C mac theo kieu C.C.
1) Bai 2-22: Mach co thien ap Base.
* a y la dang ba i iem Q bat ky v a bie t R
1
, R
2
.

V 5 25 .
10 . 20 10 . 5
10 . 5
V
R R
R
V
3 3
3
CC
2 1
1
BB
=
+
=
+
=
mA 1 , 2
60
10 . 4
10 . 2
7 , 0 5
R
R
7 , 0 V
I
3
3 b
E
BB
CQ
=
+
=

R
b
= = = 4K
R
1
+ R
2
R
1
R
2
5.10
3
+ 20.10
3
5.10
3
.20.10
3

(V
>>
b
E
R
R nen co the tnh gan ung theo cong thc
E
BB
CQ
R
7 , 0 V
I

= )
V
CEQ
= V
CC
I
CQ
(R
C
+ R
E
) = 25 2,1.10
-3
.3.10
3
= 18,7V

T hnh ve ta thay: I
CQ
< I
CQT
nen I
Cm
= I
CQ
= 2,1mA
mA 05 , 1 10 . 1 , 2 .
10 . 2 10 . 2
10 . 2
I
R R
R
I
3
3 3
3
Cm
L E
L
Lm
=
+
=
+
=

V
Lmmax
= R
L
.I
Lm
= 2.10
3
.1,05.10
-3
= 2,1V
* Cach ve DCLL va ACLL cua bo K R.C mac C.C tng t nh cach mac E.C
( )
CEQ CE
AC
CQ C
V V
R
1
I i =
vi =
+
+ = k 2
R R
R R
R R
L E
L E
C AC

Cho V
CE
= 0 suy ra mA 45 , 11
10 . 2
7 , 18
10 . 1 , 2
R
V
I i
3
3
AC
CEQ
CQ C
= + = + =

Q

V
CE
(V)
i
C
(mA)
V
CEQ

= 18,7
I
Cmax
= 11,45

3 , 8
R
V
DC
CC
=

|
\
|
3
10 . 2
1
ACLL
10

0

I
CQT
= 5
|
\
|
3
10 . 3
1
DCLL
22,9
25

I
CQ
= 2,1
V
L
C
C

V
cc
=25V
R
2

20K
R
1

5K
R
C
=1K
R
E
=2K
R
L
2K
=60
i
C
= 0 suy ra V 9 , 22 10 . 1 , 2 . 10 . 2 7 , 18 I R V V
3 3
CQ AC CEQ max CEQ
= + = + =

* Vi ba i toan tren neu cha bie t R
1
va R
2
ta co the thie t ke e dong ie n ra ln
nhat: R
DC
= R
C
+ R
E
= 10
3
+ 2.10
3
= 3K.
Ta co : mA 5
10 . 2 10 . 3
25
R R
V
I
3 3
AC DC
CC
CQT
=
+
=
+
=
V
CEQT
= I
CQT
.R
AC
= 10V.

2) Bai 2-24: Mach c nh dong Emitter.
Theo nh lua t K.II: V
kn
= 0 ta co
R
b
I
BQ
+ V
BEQ
+ R
E
.I
EQ
V
EE
= 0
Suy ra mA 93
100
7 , 0 10
R
R
7 , 0 V
I
b
E
BB
EQ
=
=
V
CEQ
= V
CC
+ V
EE
I
CQ
(R
C
+ R
E
)
= 10 + 10 93.10
-3
.150 = 6,05V

mA 5 , 46 10 . 93 .
100 100
100
I
R R
R
I
3
Em
L E
E
Lm
=
+
=
+
=

V
Lm
= I
Lm
R
L
= 46,5.10
-3
.10
2
= 4,65V
ay la iem Q ba t ky nen ta co :
( )
CEQ CE
AC
CQ C
V V
R
1
I i =
+ Cho V
CE
= 0 suy ra mA 214
R
V
I i
AC
CEQ
CQ max C
= + =
+ Cho i
C
= 0 suy ra
V 675 , 10 50 . 10 . 93 05 , 6 R I V V
3
AC CQ CEQ CE
= + = + =

i
L

I.

I
C
C

V
L
C
E

V
EE
=-10v
R
b
<<R
E
R
C
=50
R
E
=100
R
L
=100
V
CC
=10v

Neu bai nay c tnh che o toi u th:
R
DC
= R
C
+ R
E
= 150
=
+
= 50
R R
R R
R
L E
L E
AC
khi o
mA 100 A 1 , 0
50 150
20
R R
V
I
DC AC
CC
CQT
= =
+
=
+
=
V
CEQT
= I
CQT
.R
AC
= 5V

V
CE
(V)
i
C
(mA)
V
CEQ

= 6,05
214

133
R R
V V
E C
EE CC
=
+
+

|
\
|
50
1
ACLL
10,675 20

0

I
CQ
= 93
|
\
|
150
1
DCLL
Q

Chng IV:
THIET KE VA PHAN TCH TN HIEU NHO TAN SO THAP.

I. S o mac Emitter chung E.C:
1) Bai 4-7: Q ba t ky.
a- Che o DC

K 3
20 5 , 3
20 . 5 , 3
R R
R R
R
2 1
2 1
b

+
=
+
=
V 3 20 .
20 5 , 3
5 , 3
V
R R
R
V
CC
2 1
1
BB

+
=
+
=
mA 6 , 4
100
10 . 3
500
7 , 0 3
I
3 CQ

+
=
V
CEQ
= V
CC
I
CQ
(R
C
+ R
E
) = 20 4,6.10
-3
.2.10
3
= 10,8V
= =
760
10 . 6 , 4
10 . 25
h . 4 , 1 h
3
3
fe ie

b- Che o AC:

Z
o
i
C
Z
i
R
i

2K
i
b
R
b
3K
i
i
R
C

1,5K
i
L

R
L
=1,5K
h
ie
100i
b
1,2K
R
L
=1,5K
i
i
R
C
=1,5K
C
C2

-
+

+V
CC
=20V
C
E

+
-
R
1

3,5K
i
L

R
2
=20K
R
i
=2K
R
E
1,5K
C
C1

-
+

i
b
b
L
i
L
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
A = = (1)
50 100 .
10 . 5 , 1 10 . 5 , 1
10 . 5 , 1
h .
R R
R
i
i
i
i
i
i
3 3
3
fe
L C
C
b
C
C
L
b
L
=
+
=
+
= =
( )
61 , 0
760 10 . 2 , 1
10 . 2 , 1
h R // R
R // R
i
i
3
3
ie b i
b i
i
b
=
+
=
+
=
Thay vao (1) ta co : A
i
= -50.0,61 = -30,6
Z
i
= R
i
//R
b
//h
ie
= 1200//760 = 465
Z
o
= R
C
= 1,5K.

2) Bai 4-11: Q ba t ky va h
fe
thay o i.
a- Che o DC:
100 R 50 10 . 50 .
10
1
R
10
1
R
b E 1 1 b
= < = = = , kho ng bo qua I
BQ
.
100 R 150 10 . 150 .
10
1
R
10
1
R
b E 2 2 b
= > = = = , bo qua I
BQ
.

mA 83
50
100
10
7 , 0 7 , 1
R
R
7 , 0 V
I
1
b
E
BB
1 EQ
=
+
=
mA 100
10
7 , 0 7 , 1
R
7 , 0 V
I
E
BB
2 EQ
=
21
10 . 83
10 . 25
. 50 . 4 , 1 h
3
3
1 ie

= =
5 , 52
10 . 100
10 . 25
. 150 . 4 , 1 h
3
3
2 ie

suy ra 21 h
ie
52,5
R
L
=100
R
b
=100
V
BB
=1,7v
i
i
R
C
=100
C
C

-
+

+V
CC
=20v
C
E

+
-
i
L

R
E
10
b- Che o AC:
ie b
b
fe
L C
C
i
b
b
L
i
L
i
h R
R
. h .
R R
R
i
i
i
i
i
i
A
+ +
= = =
66 , 20
21 100
100
. 50 .
100 100
100
A
1 i
=
+ +
=
1 , 49
5 , 52 100
100
. 150 .
100 100
100
A
2 i
=
+ +
=
Z
i
= R
b
//h
ie
suy ra Z
i1
= 100//21 = 17,36
Z
i2
= 100//52,5 = 34,43
Vay 20,66 A
i
49,18
17,36 Z
i
34,43

3) Bai 4-12: Dang khong co tu C
E

a- Che o DC:
mA 5 , 4
100
10
10
7 , 0 7 , 5
h
R
R
7 , 0 V
I
4
3
fe
b
E
BB
CQ
=
+
=
+
=
(co the tnh I
CQ
= 5 mA)
V
CEQ
= V
CC
I
CQ
(R
C
+ R
E
) = 20 4,5.10
-3
.(3.10
3
) = 6,5V
= =
778
10 . 5 , 4
10 . 25
. 100 . 4 , 1 h
3
3
ie

R
b
=10K
V
BB
=5,7V
i
i
R
C
=2K
C
C

-
+

+V
CC
=20V
i
L

R
E
=1K
R
L
=100
i
C
i
b
R
b
100
i
i
R
C

100
i
L

h
ie
h
fe
i
b
R
L
= 100
b- Che o AC:

i
b
b
L
i
L
i
i
i
i
i
i
i
A = = (1)
24 , 95 h .
R R
R
i
i
i
i
i
i
fe
L C
C
b
C
C
L
b
L
=
+
= =
09 , 0
10 778 10
10
R h h R
R
i
i
5 4
4
E fe ie b
b
i
b
=
+ +
=
+ +
=
Thay vao (1) ta c A
i
= -95,24.0,09 = -8,6
[ ] = + = K 1 , 9 10 // 10 R h h // R Z
5 4
E fe ie b i

II. S o mac B.C: Ba i 4-21, h
oe
=
4
10
1) Che o DC:

91 , 0
11
10
h 1
h
h
fe
fe
fb
= =
+
=
= =
+
=
32
10
10 . 25
. 10 . 4 , 1 .
11
1
h 1
h
h
3
3
fe
ie
ib

5
4
fe
oe
ob
10
11
10
h 1
h
h

= =
+
=

R
L
=100
i
b
R
b
10K
i
i
R
C

2K
i
L

h
fe
R
E
100i
b
h
ie
=778
V
CC
R
2
V
i
+
-
R
1
C
b

r
i
=50 R
L
=10K
2) Che o AC:

i
e
e
L
i
L
V
V
i
i
V
V
V
A = = (1)
827 91 , 0 .
10 10
10 . 10
h .
h
1
R
h
1
R
i
i
.
i
R i
i
V
5 4
5 4
fb
ob
L
ob
L
e
C
C
L L
e
L
=
+
=
+
= =
012 , 0
32 50
1
h R
1
h R
V
.
V
1
V
i
ib i ib i
i
i i
e
=
+
=
+
=
+
=
Thay vao (1) ta c A
V
= (-827).(-0,012) = 10,085 10

III. S o mac C.C: Bai 4-23
1) Che o DC

V
CC
= I
BQ
R
b
+ V
BEQ
+ R
E
I
EQ

mA 65 , 4
100
10
10
7 , 0 10
R
R
7 , 0 V
I
5
3 b
E
CC
EQ
=
+
=
V
CEQ
= V
CC
R
E
I
EQ
= 10 4,65.10
-3
.10
3
= 5,35 V

R
L

10K
i
L
1/h
ob

10
5

i
C
h
fb
i
e

0,91i
b
h
ib

32
i
e
R
i
50
V
i
+

-

R
L

1K
V
i
+

-

R
E
1K
Z
o
Z
i
C
c2

r
i
500
100K
R
b
C
c1

+V
CC
=10V
2) Che o AC

=
753
10 . 65 , 4
10 . 25
h 4 , 1 h
3
3
fe ie

i
b
b
L
i
L
v
V
V
V
V
V
V
A = = (1)
( )
( ) [ ]
985 , 0
000 . 50 753
500 . 100
R // R h h i
R // R h . i
V
V
L E fe ie b
L E fe b
b
L
=
+
=
+
=
(2)
R
b
= R
b
//[h
ie
+ h
fe
(R
E
//R
L
)] = 33,3
994 , 0
10 . 3 , 33 500
K 3 , 33
R r
R
R r
V
. R .
V
1
V
V
3 '
b i
'
b
'
b i
i '
b
i i
b
=
+
=
+
=
+
= (3)
Thay (2), (3) vao (1) ta co: A
V
= 0,985.0,994 = 0,979 0,98
[ ] +
(
+ = 37 , 12 5 53 , 7 // 10
h
R // r
h // R Z
3
fe
b i
ib E o

( ) [ ] = = + = K 3 , 33 R R // R h h // R Z
'
b L E fe ie b i

i
L

r
i
500
V
i
+

-

h
ie
753
i
b
R
b
100K
R
e
.hfe

100K
R
L
.hfe

100K
V
b V
L
Z
i
h
ie
/h
fe
7,53
i
e
R
E
1K
r
i
/hfe

5
R
b
/hfe

1K
Z
o
Chng VI: MACH TRANSISTOR GHEP LIEN TANG.

I. Transistor ghep Cascading:
1) E.C C.E

Bai 6-1: iem Q ba t ky, 2 tang hoan toan oc lap vi nhau.
a - Che o DC
= = > =
+
=
+
= 500 R . h .
10
1
R K 1 , 2
10 . 7 10 . 3
10 . 7 . 10 . 3
R R
R . R
R
E fe b 3 3
3 3
21 11
21 11
1 b

suy ra, khong c bo qua I
BQ1
;
V 3 10 .
10 . 7 10 . 3
10 . 3
V .
R R
R
V
3 3
3
CC
21 11
11
1 BB
=
+
=
+
=
mA 2 , 16
50
2100
100
7 , 0 3
h
R
R
7 , 0 V
I
1 fe
b
E
1 BB
1 EQ
1
1
=
+
=
+
=
V
CEQ1
= V
CC
I
EQ1
(R
C1
+ R
E1
) = 10 16,2.10
-3
.300 = 5,14V
= = =

108
10 . 2 , 16
10 . 25
. 50 . 4 , 1
I
10 . 25
. h 4 , 1 h
3
3
1 EQ
3
1 fe 1 ie

= = < =
+
=
+
= 1250 R . h .
10
1
R K 9 , 0
10 . 9 10
10 . 9 . 10
R R
R . R
R
E fe b
3 3
3 3
22 12
22 12
2 b

suy ra, c bo qua I
BQ2
;
V 1 10 .
10 . 9 10
10
V .
R R
R
V
3 3
3
CC
22 12
12
2 BB
=
+
=
+
=
mA 2 , 1
250
3 , 0
50
900
250
7 , 0 1
2 h
R
R
7 , 0 V
I
2 b
2 E
2 BB
2 EQ
=
+
=
+
=
V
CEQ2
= V
CC
I
EQ2
(R
C2
+ R
E2
) = 10 1,2.10
-3
.2250 = 7,3V
= = =

1458
10 . 2 , 1
10 . 25
. 50 . 4 , 1
I
10 . 25
. h 4 , 1 h
3
3
2 EQ
3
2 fe 2 ie

b - Che o AC

i
1 b
1 b
2 b
2 b
L
i
i
i
.
i
i
.
i
i
A = (1)

i
C2
V
L
Z
o
Z
i
R
b

2,1K i
i
h
ie1

108
50i
b1
R
C1

200
R
b2

900
h
ie2

1458
50i
b2
R
C

2K
i
b1
i
b2
i
C1
50 h . 1
i
i
.
i
i
i
i
2 fe
2 b
2 C
2 C
L
2 b
L
= = = (2)
( )
06 , 5 50 .
1458 164
164
h .
h R // R
R // R
i
i
.
i
i
i
i
1 fe
2 ie 2 b 1 C
2 b 1 C
1 b
1 C
1 C
2 b
1 b
2 b

+
= =
(3)
951 , 0
108 2100
2100
h R
R
i
i
1 ie b
b
i
1 b
=
+
=
+
= (4)
Thay (2), (3), (4) vao (1) ta co
A
i
= (-50).(5,06).(0,951) 241
Z
i
= R
b
//h
ie1
= 2,1.10
3
//108 103
Z
o
=
e tm bien o nh oi xng cc ai ta ve DCLL va ACLL.

T ( )
CEQ CE
AC
CQ C
V v
R
1
I i =
v
CE
= 0 suy ra, I
Cmax
= I
CQ
+V
CEQ
/R
AC

= 1,2.10
-3
+ 7,3/2.10
3
= 4,85mA
i
C
= 0 suy ra, v
Cemax
= V
CEQ
.R
AC

= 7,3 + 1,2.10
-3
.2.10
3
= 9,7V
T ac tuyen DCLL va ACLL ta co I
Cmmax
= 1,2mA

Bai 6-2: iem Q to i u nen phai tnh tang th hai trc, tang 1 sau.

a- Che o DC:
R
DC2
= R
C2
+ R
E2
= 2250; R
AC2
= R
C
= 2K.
mA 35 , 2
2000 2250
10
R R
V
I
2 AC 2 DC
CC
T 2 CQ
=
+
=
+
=
V
CEQ2T
= I
CQ2T
.R
AC2
= 2,35010
-3
.2.10
3
= 4,7V
Q

V
CE
(V)
i
C
(mA)
7,3
i
Cmax
= 4,85

4 , 4
R
V
DC
CC
=

|
\
|
3
10 . 2
1
ACLL
0

|
\
|
250
1
DCLL
9,7

10

I
CQ
= 1,2
I
Cmmax

= = =

745
10 . 35 , 2
10 . 25
. 50 . 4 , 1
I
10 . 25
. h 4 , 1 h
3
3
2 EQ
3
2 fe 2 ie

R
DC1
= R
C1
+ R
E1
= 200 + 100 = 300;
R
AC1
= R
C1
//R
b2
//h
ie2
= 200//900//745 134,4
mA 23
4 , 134 300
10
R R
V
I
1 AC 1 DC
CC
T 1 CQ
=
+
=
+
=
= = =

76
10 . 23
10 . 25
. 50 . 4 , 1
I
10 . 25
. h 4 , 1 h
3
3
1 EQ
3
1 fe 1 ie

b- Che o AC: S o tng ng tn hieu nho nh tren ch co h
ie1
va h
ie2

co gia tr kha c. Ta ap du ng luon co ng thc (1) tren:
( )
434
76 2100
2100
.
745 164
164
. 2500
h R
R
.
h R // R
R // R
h . h A
1 ie b
b
2 ie 2 b 1 C
2 b 1 C
2 fe 1 fe i

+ +
=
+ +
=

2) E.C C.C:
Bai 6-3 iem Q to i u
a- Che o DC:
Tang 2:
R
DC2
= R
E2
= 1K; R
AC2
= R
E2
//R
L
= 500.
mA 7 , 6
500 10
10
R R
V
I
3
2 AC 2 DC
CC
T 2 CQ
=
+
=
+
=
V
CEQ2T
= I
CQ2T
.R
AC2
= 6,7.10
-3
.500 = 3,35V
= = =

522
10 . 7 , 6
10 . 25
. 100 . 4 , 1
I
10 . 25
. h 4 , 1 h
3
3
2 EQ
3
2 fe 2 ie

= = = = K 10 10 10 . 100 .
10
1
R . h
10
1
R
4 3
2 E 2 fe 2 b

V
BB
= 0,7 + I
CQ2T
.R
E
= 0,7 + 6,7.10
-3
.10
3
= 7,4V
= =
= K 46 , 38
26 , 0
10
10
4 , 7
1
10
V
V
1
R
R
4 4
CC
2 BB
b
12

= = = K 5 , 13
4 , 7
10
10
V
V
R R
4
2 BB
CC
b 22

Tang 1:
R
DC1
= R
C1
+ R
E1
= 400 + 100 = 500;
R
AC1
= R
C1
//R
b2
//[h
ie2
+ h
fe
(R
L
//R
E
)]
= 400//10
4
//[261 + 100.500] = 400//8333 382.
mA 34 , 11
382 500
10
R R
V
I
1 AC 1 DC
CC
T 1 CQ
=
+
=
+
=
V
CEQ1T
= I
CQ1T
.R
AC1
= 11,34.10
-3
.382 = 4,33V
= = =

309
34 , 11
10 . 25
. 100 . 4 , 1
I
10 . 25
. h 4 , 1 h
3
2 EQ
3
1 fe 1 ie

= = = K 1 100 . 100 .
10
1
R . h
10
1
R
1 E 1 fe 1 b

V
BB1
= 0,7 + I
CQ1T
.R
E1
= 0,7 + 11,34.10
-3
.100 = 1,834V
= =
= K 25 , 12
8166 , 0
10
10
834 , 1
1
10
V
V
1
R
R
3 3
CC
1 BB
1 b
11

= = = K 45 , 5
834 , 1
10
10
V
V
R R
3
1 BB
CC
1 b 21

b- Che o AC:

i
1 b
1 b
2 b
2 b
L
T
i
i
.
i
i
.
i
V
A = (1)
( )( )
3
L E fe
2 b
L
10 . 5 , 50 R // R h 1
i
V
= + = (2)
( ) ( )
75 , 0
51407
10 . 385
100 .
50500 522 385
385
h .
R // R h 1 h R // R
R // R
i
i
.
i
i
i
i
2
1 fe
L E fe 2 ie 2 b 1 C
2 b 1 C
1 b
1 C
1 C
2 b
1 b
2 b

=
+ +
=
+ + +
= =
(3)
764 , 0
309 10
10
h R
R
i
i
3
1 ie 1 b
1 b
i
1 b
=
+
=
+
= (4)
Thay (2), (3), (4) vao (1) ta co
A
T
= (50,5.10
3
).(-0,75).(0,764) -29000
A
T
= -29000V/A = -29V/mA.

Z
i
= R
b
//h
ie1
= 10
3
//309 = 236
[ ] = + =
(
+ = 9 07 , 9 // 10 85 , 3 22 , 5 // 10
h
R // R
h // R Z
3 3
2 fe
2 b 1 C
2 ib E o

i
L

V
L
Z
o
Z
i
R
b1

2,1K i
i
h
ie1

309 100i
b
R
C1

400
R
b2

10K
h
ie2
522
(1+h
fe
)R
L

101K
i
b1
i
b2
i
C1
(1+h
fe
)R
E

101K
R
E
1K
Z
o
h
ib2
i
e2
R
c1
//R
b2

h
fe2
3) Dang bai hon hp E.C C.C: Bai 6-4

Tm R e
i
02
i
01
i
V
i
V
= (1)

i
1 b
1 b
2 b
2 b
01
i
01
i
i
.
i
i
.
i
V
i
V
= (2)

i
1 b
1 b
2 b
2 E 2 fe
i
02
i
i
.
i
i
. R ) h 1 (
i
V
+ = (3)
suy ra
2 E 2 fe
2 b
01
R ). h 1 (
i
V
+ = (4)

2 b
2 C
2 C
3 b
3 b
01
2 b
01
i
i
.
i
i
.
i
V
i
V
= (5)
T (5) suy ra
2 E 2 fe 2 fe
3 E 3 fe 3 ie 2 C
2 C
3 E 3 fe
2 b
01
R ) h 1 ( h
R ) h 1 ( h R R
R
. R ) h 1 (
i
V
+ =
+ + + +
+ =
5050 100 .
5050 10 R 10
10
. 5050
3 3
3
=
+ + +
(6)
10
5
= 7050 + R
R = 100K - 7,05K 93K

Tm
i
01
i
V

T (2) ta co:
5050
5050 10 10 . 93 10
10 . 10 . 5050
R ) h 1 ( h R R
h . R . R ) h 1 (
i
i
i
i
i
V
i
V
3 3 3
2 3
3 E 3 fe 3 ie 2 C
2 fe 2 C 3 E 3 fe
2 b
2 C
2 C
3 b
3 b
01
2 b
01

+ + +
=
+ + + +
+
= =
(7)
( )
( )
63 , 7
6550
10 . 5
5050 1000 500
100 . 500
h .
R ) h 1 ( h R // R
R // R
i
i
.
i
i
i
i
4
1 fe
2 E 2 fe 2 ie 2 b 1 C
2 b 1 C
1 b
1 C
1 C
2 b
1 b
2 b
= =
+ +
=
+ + +
= =
(8)
( )
( )
5 , 0
10 10
10
h R // R
R // R
i
i
3 3
3
1 ie 1 b i
1 b i
i
1 b
=
+
=
+
= (9)
Thay (7), (8), (9) vao (2) ta c:

i
C2
h
ie1

1K
R
i

100K
i
i
h
ie2
1K
100i
b1
R
C1

1K
R
b2

1K
h
fe2
R
E2

5050
i
b2
i
b1
i
C1
R
b1

1K
V
o2
100i
b2
h
ie3
1K
R
C2

1K
h
fe3
R
E3

5050
i
b3
( ) ( )
mA
V
27 , 19 5 , 0 . 63 , 7 . 5050
i
V
i
01
=

Z
i
= R
i
//R
b1
//h
ie1
500
[ ] + + =
(
+ + = 5 , 47 10 930 10 // 50
h
R
h
R
h // R Z
3 fe
2 C
3 fe
3 ib 3 E o

II. Transistor mac vi sai va Darlingtn
1) Bai 6-23: E.C E.C.

a- Che o DC
V 25 , 2 9 .
10 . 3 10
10
V .
R R
R
V V
3 3
3
CC
21 11
11
2 BB 1 BB
=
+
=
+
= =
mA 55 , 1
42 , 7 10
7 , 0 25 , 2
h
R
R 2
7 , 0 V
I I
3
fe
b
E
1 BB
2 EQ 1 EQ
=
+
=
+
= =
I
E
= 2I
E1
= 3,1mA
V
CEQ1
= V
CC
2R
E
.I
CQ1
= 9 2.500.1,55.10
-3
= 7,45V
V
CEQ2
= V
CC
2R
E
.I
CQ1
R
C2
.I
CQ2

= 9 10
3
.1,55.10
-3
2,5.10
3
.1,55.10
-3
= 3,575V
R
E3
50
Z
o
h
ib3
10
R/h
fe3
930
R
c2

h
fe3
=10

+V
CC
=9V
i
i
R
21

3K

i
L

i
b3
R
11

K

R
E1

500

T
1

T
2

R
C2

2,5K

R
22

3K

R
12

1K

T
3

T
4

R
C4
=R
L

60

R
E4

60

h
fe
=100

i
C4
h
ie1

h
fe2
i
b2

100i
b2
R
L

(1+h
fe
)R
E1

(1+h
fe
)i
b4
i
i
h
ie3

R
C2

2,5K
R
b2

750
h
2
fe
R
E4
i
b1
i
b2
h
fe3
h
ie4
R
b1

750
h
ie2

V 725 , 3 4 , 1 875 , 3 9 V V I . R V V
4 BE 3 BE 2 CQ 2 C CC R
4 E
= = =
mA 62
60
725 , 3
R
V
I I
4 E
R
4 EQ 4 CQ
4 E
= = =
mA 62 , 0
10
10 . 62
h
I
I I I
2
3
fe
4 CQ
4 BQ 3 EQ 3 CQ
= = =

V
CEQ4
= V
CC
I
CQ4
(R
C4
+ R
E4
) = 9 62.10
-3
.120 = 9 7,44 = 1,56V
V
CEQ3
= V
CEQ4
V
BE4
= 1,56 0,7 = 0,86V
= = =

2258
10 . 55 , 1
10 . 25
. 100 . 4 , 1
I
10 . 25
. h 4 , 1 h
3
3
1 EQ
3
1 fe 1 ie

= = =

5645
10 . 62 , 0
10 . 25
. 100 . 4 , 1
I
10 . 25
. h 4 , 1 h
3
3
1 EQ
3
3 fe 3 ie

= = =

45 , 56
10 . 62
10 . 25
. 100 . 4 , 1
I
10 . 25
. h 4 , 1 h
3
3
1 EQ
3
4 fe 4 ie

b- Che o AC

( ) 50500 101 . 500 h 1 R R
fe 1 E
'
E
= = + =
( ) [ ]( ) [ ] = + = + + + = K 76 , 617 101 . 6060 45 , 56 h 1 R h 1 h R
3 fe 4 E 4 fe 4 ie
'
4 E

i
1 b
1 b
2 c
2 c
3 b
3 b
L
i
L
i
i
i
.
i
i
.
i
i
.
i
i
i
i
A = = (1)
( )( ) 10201 101 . 101 h 1 h 1
i
i
4 fe 3 fe
3 b
L
= = + + = (2)

( )
3
3 3
3
'
4 E 4 ie fe 3 ie 2 C
2 C
2 c
3 b
10 , 4
605 , 631
5 , 2
10 . 76 , 617 5700 5645 10 . 5 , 2
10 . 5 , 2
R h h 1 h R
R
i
i

=
+ + +
=
+ + + +
=
(3)
( ) 100 1 . h
i
i
i
i
i
i
2 fe
1 b
2 b
2 b
2 c
1 b
2 c
= = = (4)
(V R
E
rat l n nen coi i
b2
i
b1
)

3
''
E 1 ie b
b
i
1 b
10 . 4 , 128
2832 2258 750
750
R h R
R
i
i

=
+ +
=
+ +
= (5)
i
C2
h
ie1
2258

100i
b2
R
C

60

R
E

50,5K

Z
o
(1+h
fe
)
2
i
b3

10201i
b3
i
i
h
ie3

5645
R
C2

2,5K
R
b

750
R
E4

618K
i
b1
i
b2
h
ie4
(1+h
fe
)
5700
R
b1

750
h
ie2
2258

i
b3
i
L
Z
o

v i [ ] = + = 2832 3008 // 5050 R h // R R
b 2 ie
'
E
''
E

Thay (2), (3), (4), (5) va o (1) ta co:
A
i
= 10201.(-4.10
-3
).(-100).128,4.10
-3
= 522,3 (lan)
Z
i
= R
b1
//(h
ie1
+R
E
) 750//(2258 + 2832) = 654
Z
o
= Z
o
= Z
o
//R
C
= R
C
= 60

2) Bai 6-24: E.C C.C

a- Che o DC
Ap dung nh lua t K.II V
kn
= 0 cho vong 2 ta co :
V
BE3
+ I
EQ3
R
E3
V
EE
= 0 (1)
mA 3 , 2
10
7 , 0 3
R
V V
I
3
3 E
3 BE EE
3 EQ
=
=
mA 15 , 1
2
I
I I
3 EQ
2 EQ 1 EQ
= = =
V
CE1
= V
CE2
= V
CC
R
C1
I
CQ1
V
E1
(2)
Mat khac ap dung nh luat K.II V
kn
= 0 cho vong 1 ta co :
-V
BB1
+ R
b
I
BQ1
+ V
BE1
+ V
E1
= 0 (3)
V
E
= V
BB1
R
b
I
BQ1
V
BE1
= 1 10
4
.1,15.10
-5
0,7 =0,185V
Thay vao (2) ta c:
V
CE1
= V
CE2
= 6 10
3
.1,15. 10
-3
0,185 = 4,665V 4,67V
Ta co V
E1
= V
CE3
+ R
E3
.I
EQ3
- V
EE
(4)
Suy ra V
CE3
= V
EE
+ V
E1
R
E3
I
EQ3

= 3 + 0,185 10
3
.2,3.10
-3
= 0,885V
V
RE6
= V
CC
R
C2
I
CQ2
V
BE4
- V
BE5
- V
BE6

= 6 10
3
.1,15.10
-3
2,1 = 2,75V
mA 275
10
75 , 2
R
V
I
6 E
6 RE
6 EQ
= = =
V
CE6
= V
CC
V
RE6
= 6 2,75 = 3,25V
V
CE5
= V
CE6
V
BE6
= 3,25 0,7 = 2,55V
V
L

Z
o
Z
i
i
i
-3V

R
b1

10K
R
C1

1K

R
b2

10K

R
E

1K

V
BB2

1V

T
4
T
5

R
C2

1K

V
BB1
1V
T
3

R
E6

10

T
6

V
CE4
= V
CE5
V
BE5
= 2,55 0,7 = 1,85V
= = =
3043
10 . 15 , 1
10 . 25
. 100 . 4 , 1
10 . 15 , 1
10 . 25
. h 4 , 1 h
3
3
3
3
1 fe 1 ie

mA 75 , 2
h
I
I
6 fe
6 EQ
5 EQ
= = ; A 10 . 75 , 2
h
I
I
5
5 fe
5 EQ
4 EQ
= =
= = =

72 , 12
10 . 275
10 . 25
. 100 . 4 , 1
I
10 . 25
. h 4 , 1 h
3
3
6 EQ
3
6 fe 6 ie

h
ie5
= 1272; h
ie4
= 127.200

b- Che o AC

( ) + =
7 6
6 E
3
fe 6 E
'
6 E
10 10 . R h 1 R R
i
2 b
2 b
4 b
4 b
L
i
L
T
i
i
.
i
i
.
i
V
i
V
A = = (1)
=
7 '
6 E
4 b
L
10 R
i
V
(2)
4
4
2
7 3 3
2 3
'
6 E 4 ie 2 C
2 fe 2 C
2 b
2 C
2 C
4 b
2 b
4 b
10 . 3 , 96
10 6 , 381 1
10
10 10 . 6 , 381 10
10 . 10
R h 3 R
h . R
i
i
.
i
i
i
i
=
+ +
=
+ +
=
+ +
= =
(3)
485 , 0
10 10 . 086 , 6 10
10
R h 2 R
R
i
i
i
i
4 3 4
4
2 b 1 ie 1 b
1 b
i
1 b
i
2 b
=
+
=
+ +
= =
(4)
Thay (2), (3), (4) vao (1) ta co
A
T
= 10
7
.(-96,3).10
-4
.(-0,485) = 46728V/A = 46,7V/mA

Z
i
= R
b1
//[2h
ie1
+ R
b2
] 6,15K
( ) =
(
+ = 37 , 0 382 , 0 // 10
h
h 3
h
R
// R Z
3
fe
4 ie
3
fe
2 C
6 E o

i
C2
h
ie1
3043

V
L
h
fe2
i
b2
100i
b2
Z
o
Z
i
i
i
h
ie4

127,2K
R
C2

1K
R
b2

10K
R
E6

i
b1
R
b1

10K
h
ie2
3043

i
b4
i
b2
h
ie5
.h
fe4

127,2K
h
ie5
.h
fe4
.h
fe5
127,2K
Z
o
R
E6

3h
ie4
h
3
fe
=0,381

R
c2

h
3
fe
10

Chng VII: MACH KHUECH AI HOI TIEP.

I. Hoi tiep ap, sai lech dong.
1) Bai 7-4

=
=
40 h
K 1 h
GT
fe
ie
;
= =
=
?
i
i
A
? T
KL
i
L
i

ay la dang ho i tiep ap, sai lech dong.

a- Tnh o l i dong T: cho i
i
= 0
'
1
1 b
1 b
2 b
2 b
1
i
'
1
1
V
i
.
i
i
.
i
V
0 i V
V
T =
=
= (1)
( )
3
2 fe 22 E
2 b
1
10 . 41 h 1 R
i
V
= + = (2)

( ) ( )
941 , 0
85
80
10 . 41 10 . 41 10 10 . 2
40 . 10 . 2
h 1 R h 1 R h R
h . R
i
i
.
i
i
i
i
3 3 3 3
3
2 fe 22 E 2 fe 21 E 2 ie 1 C
1 fe 1 C
1 b
1 C
1 C
2 b
1 b
2 b
= =
+ + +
=
+ + + + +
= =
(3)

6
3 4
1 ie f 1 ie f
'
1
'
1
'
1
1 b
10 . 91
10 10
1
h R
1
h R
V
.
V
1
V
i

=
+
=
+
=
+
= (4)
V
1

i
i
R
E22

1K
R
f
10K

R
C1

2K

R
C2

2K

i
L

R
L

100

+V
CC

R
E21

1K

T
1

V
L

i
C2
h
ie1

h
fe1
i
b1
40i
b1
R
E21
(h
fe2
+1)
41K

Z
o Z
i
i
i
R
C1

2K
R
C2

2K
i
b1
i
c1
40i
b2
R
f
V
1
h
ie2
1K

i
b2
V
1
+

-

R
E22
(h
fe2
+1)
41K

R
L

100
Thay (2), (3), (4) vao (1) ta co :
T = 41.10
3
.(-0,941).91.10
-6
= -3,51

b- Tnh
i
L
i
i
i
A = cho V
1
= 0
i
1 b
1 b
2 b
2 b
L
i
L
i
i
i
.
i
i
.
i
i
i
i
A = = (1)
6 , 39 40 .
10 10 . 2
10 . 2
h .
R R
R
i
i
.
i
i
i
i
3
3
2 fe
L 2 C
2 C
2 b
2 C
2 C
L
2 b
L
=
+
=
+
= = (2)
941 , 0
i
i
1 b
2 b
= (nh (3) phan tren) (3)

2
3 4
4
1 ie f
f
i
1 b
10 . 91
10 10
10
h R
R
i
i

=
+
=
+
= (4)
Thay (2), (3), (4) vao (1) ta co :
A
i
= (-39,6).(-0,941).91.10
-2
= 33,9 34

c- Tnh A
if
, Z
if
, Z
of
.
54 , 7
51 , 3 1
34
T 1
A
A
i
if
=
+
=
=
Z
i
= R
f
//h
ie1
= 10
4
//10
3
910
=
+
=
= 202
51 , 3 1
910
T 1
Z
Z
i
if

Z
o
= R
C2
= 2K
=
+
=
= 443
51 , 3 1
10 . 2
T 1
Z
Z
3
o
of

2) Bai 7-11

=
=
C
10 h
100 h
GT
ib
fe
;
=
= =
? T
Z ; Z
?
i
i
A
KL
o i
i
L
i

i
i
R
f
= R
b
=10K

R
C
2K

C

i
L

R
L

+V
CC

R
E

100

C

h
ie
= h
ib
.h
fe
= 10.100 = 1K

a- o li vong T: cho i
i
= 0
'
L
b
b
L
i
'
L
L
V
i
.
i
V
0 i V
V
T =
=
= (1)

4
3 3
2 3 3
fe
L C
C
L
b
C
C
L
b
L
10 . 5
10 10
10 . 10 . 10
h .
R R
R
. R
i
i
.
i
V
i
V
=
+
=
+
= = (2)

6
3 4
ie f ie f
'
L
'
L
'
L
b
10 . 91
10 10
1
h R
1
h R
V
.
V
1
V
i

=
+
=
+
=
+
= (3)
Thay (2), (3) vao (1) ta co:
T =(-5.10
4
).91.10
-6
= -4,55

b- Tnh A
i
, Z
i
, Z
o
.
i
b
b
L
'
L i
L
i
i
i
.
i
i
0 V i
i
A =
=
= (1)
50 100 .
10 10
10
h .
R R
R
i
i
.
i
i
i
i
3
3
fe
L C
C
b
C
C
L
b
L
=
+
=
+
= = (2)

2
3 4
4
ie f
f
i
b
10 . 91
10 10
10
h R
R
i
i

=
+
=
+
= (3)
Thay (2), (3) vao (1) ta co:
A
i
= (-50).91.10
-2
= -45,45
Z
i
= R
f
//h
ie
= 10
4
//10
3
= 910
Z
o
= R
C
= 10
3
= 1K

c- Tnh A
if
, Z
if
, Z
of
.
2 , 8
55 , 4 1
50
T 1
A
A
i
if
=
+
=
=
=
+
=
= 164
55 , 4 1
910
T 1
Z
Z
i
if

=
+
=
= 180
55 , 4 1
10
T 1
Z
Z
4
o
of

h
ie1

i
L

V
L
h
fe
i
b
100i
b
Z
o
i
i
R
C

1K
i
b
i
c
R
f
R
f

10K

V
L
+

-

R
L

II. Hoi tiep ap, sai lech ap:
1) Bai 7-10

=
=
C
50 h
50 h
GT
ib
fe
;
=
= =
? T
Z ; Z
?
i
i
A
KL
o i
i
L
i

a- Tnh o l i vong T (cho i
i
= 0)
'
L
1 b
1 b
2 b
2 b
L
i
'
L
L
V
i
.
i
i
.
i
V
0 i V
V
T =
=
= (1)

3 3
3 4
3 4
2 fe
2 C f
2 C f
2 b
2 C
2 C
L
2 b
L
10 . 5 , 83 50 . 10 . 67 , 1 50 .
10 . 2 10
10 . 2 . 10
h .
R R
R . R
i
i
.
i
V
i
V
= =
+
=
+
= =
(2)

( )
46 , 12
10 . 5 , 2 10 . 83 , 0
50 . 10 . 83 , 0
h
h R // R
R // R
i
i
.
i
i
i
i
3 3
3
1 fe
2 ie 2 b 1 C
2 b 1 C
1 b
1 C
1 C
2 b
1 b
2 b
=
+
=
+
= =
(3)

6
3 5 3 3
3
1 fe f 1 E 1 fe 1 ie 1 b
1 fe 1 E
'
L
1 b
10 . 2 , 1
10 . 2 10 . 5
1
.
10 . 5 10 . 5 , 2 890
10 . 5
' R h . R
1
.
R . h h R
h . R
V
i
=
+ + +
=
+ + +
=
(4)
V
L

i
i
R
f
=10K

C

+V
CC

R
21

8K

C

R
11

1K

R
C1

1K

R
E1

100

R
22

10K

R
12

10K

R
C2

2K

R
E2

1K

i
C1
h
fe1
i
b1

50i
b1
h
ie1
2,5K
h
ie2

2,5K
R
C2

2K

Z
o
i
i
R
C1

1K
R
b2

5K
R
f

10K

i
b2
i
b1
i
C2
h
fe2
i
b2

50i
b2
R
f
.h
fe1

5.10
5
R
E1
h
fe1

5K

V
L
+

-

R
b1

890

Thay (2), (3), (4) vao (1) ta co :
T = (-83,5.10
3
).(-12,46).(1,2.10
-6
)= -1,25

b- Tnh A
T
, Z
i
, Z
o
.
i
1 b
1 b
2 b
2 b
L
i
L
T
i
i
.
i
i
.
i
V
i
V
A = = (1)

2 b
L
i
i
va
1 b
2 b
i
i
tnh nh tren theo cong thc (2), (3)

( )
107 , 0
10 . 95 , 4 10 . 5 , 2 890
890
h R R h R
R
i
i
3 3
1 fe f 1 E 1 ie 1 b
1 b
i
1 b
=
+ +
=
+ + +
= (4)
Thay (2), (3), (4) vao (1) ta co :
A
i
= (-83,5.10
3
).(-12,46).(0,107) = 111.10
3
V/A = 111V/mA
Z
i
= R
b1
//[h
ie1
+ (R
E11
//R
f
)(1 + h
fe
)] = 890 //[2500 + 4950] = 795
Z
o
= R
f
= 10K

c- Tnh A
Vf
, Z
of
, Z
if
.
mA
V
49
A
V
10 . 49
25 , 1 1
10 . 111
T 1
A
A
3
3
T
Tf
= =
+
=
=
( ) = + = = 1788 ) 25 , 1 1 ( 795 T 1 Z Z
i if

=
+
=
= 4444
25 , 1 1
10
T 1
Z
Z
4
o
of

2) Bai 7-12

=
=
C
50 h
20 h
GT
ib
fe
;
=
=
? T
Z ; Z
? A
KL
o i
V

V
L

V
i
+

-

r
i
1K
R
f
=1K

C

+V
CC

R
21

10K

C

R
11

1K

R
C1

500

R
E12

82

R
22

10K

R
12

1K

R
C2

500

R
E22

82

C

R
E11

22

C

R
E21

22


a- Tnh o l i vong T (cho V
i
= 0)

'
L
1 b
1 b
2 b
2 b
L
i
'
L
L
V
i
.
i
i
.
i
V
0 i V
V
T =
=
= (1)
( ) 6667 20 . 500 // 10 h .
R R
R . R
i
i
.
i
V
i
V
3
2 fe
2 C f
2 C f
2 b
2 C
2 C
L
2 b
L
= =
+
= = (2)

( ) ( )
52 , 3
1835
6460
462 1050 323
20 . 323
h
h 1 R h R // R
R // R
i
i
.
i
i
i
i
1 fe
2 fe 21 E 2 ie 2 b 1 C
2 b 1 C
1 b
1 C
1 C
2 b
1 b
2 b
= =
+ +
=
+ + +
= =
(3)

( )
( )( )
( )( ) ( )
6
3
3
1 b i 1 ie 1 fe f 11 E
1 fe f 11 E
1 fe f
,
L
,
L
'
L
1 b
10 . 88 , 10
4 , 41546
10 . 452
4 , 476 1050 452
452
.
10 . 21
1
R // r h h 1 R // R
h 1 R // R
.
h 1 R
V
.
V
1
V
i
= =
+ +
=
+ + +
+
+
=
(4)
Thay (2), (3), (4) vao (1) ta co :
T = (-6667).(-3,52).(-10,88.10
-6
)= -0,255

b- Tnh A
V
, Z
i
, Z
o
.
i
1 b
1 b
2 b
2 b
L
i
L
V
V
i
.
i
i
.
i
V
V
V
A = = (1)

2 b
L
i
V
va
1 b
2 b
i
i
tnh nh tren theo cong thc (2), (3)

( ) ( )( )
5
3
3
1 fe f 11 E 1 ie 1 b i
1 b i
i
i
i i
1 b
10 . 24
4 , 1978
10 . 4 , 476
452 1050 4 , 476
4 , 476
.
10
1
h 1 R // R h R // r
R // r
.
r
V
.
V
1
V
i
= =
+ +
=
+ + +
=
(4)
h
fe1
i
b1

20i
b1
R
f
(h
fe1
+1)
21K h
ie2
1050
V
i
+

-

Z
o
Z
i
R
b1

910
R
Cb2

910
i
b1
i
C2
R
E11
(1+h
fe1
)
462

i
C1
V
L
+

-

r
i
1K

R
C1
500
R
C2
500
i
b2
i
i h
ie1
1050

R
E21
(1+h
fe2
)=462

20i
b2
R
f
1050

R
f
(h
fe1
+1)
21K
R
b1

910
i
b1
R
E11
(1+h
fe1
)
462

r
i

1K

h
ie1
1050

V
L

R
f
(1+h
fe1
)
Thay (2), (3), (4) vao (1) ta co :
A
V
= (-6667)(-3,52).24.10
-5
= 5,63
Z
i
= R
b
//[h
ie1
+ (R
E11
//R
f
)(1 + h
fe1
)] = 10
3
//1502 600
Z
o
= R
f
= 1000

c- Tnh A
Vf
, Z
if
, Z
of
.
486 , 4
255 , 0 1
63 , 5
T 1
A
A
V
Vf
=
+
=
=
( ) = + = = 753 ) 255 , 0 1 ( 600 T 1 Z Z
i if

=
+
=
= 797
255 , 0 1
1000
T 1
Z
Z
o
of

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