TRNG I HC NHA TRANG VIN CNG NGH SINH HC V MI TRNG

CNG NGH SINH HC MI TRNG ti: ng dng probiotic trong chn nui

GVHD: Nguyn Vn Duy Nhm 6

NI DUNG
S lc v probiotic v prebiotic Mc ch, c ch, tiu ch la chn probiotic ng dng Probiotics trong chn nui Kt lun

Gii thiu
S dng Probiotic v Prebiotic l hai phng php c nghin cu v c tim nng gim bt ngun dch bnh i vi chn nui v ng thi nng cao nng sut ca chng. Cc cht ny mi c ngh dng h tr bo v nhim bnh ca tht v ci tin phn ng min dch cho vt nui.

Gii thiu
Probiotic l ch phm cha cc vi sinh vt sng chn lc m khi a vo c th theo ng tiu ha c tc dng ti lp s cn bng vi sinh vt ng rut, gip tng cng sc khe, tng cng kh nng hp th thc n v tng kh nng min dch. Cch thc hot ng ca probiotics l loi tr cnh tranh ('competitive exclusion'), ngha l cnh tranh bm vo mng nhy thnh rut, qua to nn mt hng ro vt l bo v s tn cng ca cc khun gy bnh. Chng cng sn xut ra hot cht chng khun v men kch thch h thng min dch.

Gii thiu
Prebiotics l cc thnh phn thc n khng tiu ho c nh hng c li cho vt ch bng cch kch thch sinh trng v hot ng ca mt hay mt s vi khun trong kt trng. Loi prebiotics thng dng nht l oligosaccharides,Cacbonhydrate khng tiu ha. Phng thc m cc Prebiotic hot ng l cung cp cht dinh dng c li cho vi khun hay ngn cc vi khun bnh gn kt vi cc oligosaccharides hay gn kt vi mng nhn ca rut non. Prebiotics hot ng bng vic kch thch c chn lc h sinh vt sinh sn , ny n v v vy, 1 bt li ca prebiotics l, nu v 1 l do no , nh h vi sinh vt b xo trn thng qua vic s dng khng sinh, th cc prebiotics dng nh khng hiu qu.

Mc ch

Gim c t trong ao mc thp nht, gim mi hi thi. Ci thin mu nc, n nh pH, cn bng h sinh thi trong ao. Cnh tranh thc n lm gim lng vi khun c hi, phng bnh. Kch thch h min dch trong ng vt khng bnh, gim sc khi mi trng thay i t ngt. Gip ng vt hp thu thc n tt, gim h s tiu tn thc n. Hn ch c s dng thuc khng sinh v ha cht.

C ch tc ng ca Probiotic

Cnh tranh c cht, nng lng vi nhng vi khun khc

Cnh tranh v tr bm dnh vi vi khun c hi

Sn sinh cc cht c ch

Tng cng p ng min dch

Ci thin cht lng nc

Cc yu t nh hng n hiu qu ca probiotic

Tnh trng dinh dng v sc khe ca i tng s dng. S hin din ca yu t gy stress. S khc bit v di truyn, tui gia cc i tng s dng. Sc sng v tnh n nh ca probiotic. Tnh c hiu ca probiotic. Liu v s ln s dng. Tng tc vi thuc khc.

Tiu ch chn la vi sinh vt sn xut Probiotic

Khng sinh cht c, khng gy bnh cho vt ch. Sinh cc enzyme hoc sn phm cui cng m vt ch c th s dng c. D nui cy, c kh nng tn ti c lp trong mt thi gian di. C kh nng sng khi c ng gi v a vo s dng. Tnh dnh bm trn b mt ng tiu ha hoc cc t bo biu m Hot tnh khng khun chng li cc vi khun gy bnh Kh nng tn ti trong mi trng acid d dy Kh nng chu mui mt

iu kin sn phm probiotic thc hin cc quy nh hin hnh ca EU v cc cht ph gia thc n trong chn nui:

Thnh phn ca sn phm phi c xc nh r rng v c trng cho mc loi Sn phm phi c dung np cc loi ng vt c mc tiu v an ton cho cc nh iu hnh Khng phi t ra mt nguy c an ton ca ngi tiu dng.

Khng phi cha bt k yu t quyt nh no khng li khng khun c th c chuyn giao cho cc vi khun khc (EFSA, nm 2005;QUT, 2001, 2003).

Mt s ch phm sinh hc th y c coi l an ton

Sn phm Adjulact 2001 Chng vsv Streptococcus infantarius Lactobacillus plantarum Bactocell1 Pediococcus acidilactis Pediococcus acidilactici Biacton1 Bioplus 2B1 Lactobacillus farciminis Bacillus licheniformis Bacillus subtilis Mi trng CNCM I-841 CNCM I-840 CNCM MA 18/5 M CNCM MA 18/5 M CNCM MA 67/4 R DSM 5749 DSM 5750 Cu Cu Ln con V bo ln con, ln ni, cu i tng B

Sn phm

Chng vsv

Mi trng

i tng

Bonvital1

Enterococcus faecium

DSM 7134

V bo ln v b

Lactobacillus rhamnosus
Biosaf SC 471 Saccharomyces cerevisiae

DSM 7133
NCYC Sc 47 heo con, ln ni, tht b v cc sn phm lm t sa gia sc Heo con, ln v bo b v g tht Heo con, ln v bo b v b tht B

Cylactin LBC1

Enterococcus faecium Enterococcus faecium Enterococcus faecium

NCIMB 10415

Fecinor plus1

CECT 4515

Gardion1

NCIMB 30096 NCIMB 30098

Sn phm Lactiferm 1

Chng vsv Enterococcus faecium

Mi trng Enterococcus faecium CECT 4529

i tng B, ln con g tht v g

Lactobacillus Lactobacillus acidophilus D2/CSL1 acidophilus

Levucell SB201
Levucell SC201 Microferm1 Mirimil-Biomin1 Oralin1

Saccharomyces cerevisiae
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Enterococcus faecium Enterococcus faecium Enterococcus faecium

CNCM I-1079
CNCM I-1077 DSM 5464 DSM 3520 NCIMB 10415

heo con v ln ni
tht b v b sa heo con, b, g tht b ln v bo, bp chn v g

Vic s dng Probiotics v Prebiotics trong chn nui

Cc li ch ca probiotics trong chn nui

(a list of health benefits observed in food producing animals administered probiotics) Li ch sc khe lin quan n probiotics Ci thin kh nng tiu ha Ci thin t l chuyn i thc n

Tng kh nng khng li bnh truyn nhim

Gim tht b nhim Tng t l sinh trng Kim sot toan d dy c (runimal acidosis) gia sc Tng sn lng sa (ng vt cho sa) Tng sn lng trng Ci thin cht lng trng Gim t l t vong

ng dng trn ng vt chn nui trang tri

Probiotics c vai tr quan trng trong vic iu tr s xo trn ca h vi sinh vt ng rut v tng tnh thm ca rut. H vi sinh vt ny c th tn ti trong d dy mt cch tm thi sau xm chim cc biu m rut. N c dng s dng lm thc n chn nui ln, g, b v ci thin tc tng ,gim ng k bnh tiu chy nh ln v b khi cho n vi ch phm sinh hc

ng dng trn ng vt chn nui trang tri

Cc tc dng c li ca ch phm sinh hc chuyn t ca vi khun c hi,chng hn nh Clostridium perfringens gim hot ng ca urease vi khun, tng hp cc vitamin, tc dng kch thch h thng min dch, duy tr cn bng h vi sinh vt khe mnh bnh thng (eubiosis), v gip tiu ha tt hn.

ng dng trn ng vt chn nui trang tri

Hu ht cc nh hng ca ch phm sinh hc ng vt ch kt hp vi ci thin hiu sut v kh nng min dch thp hn mc ci thin chng li nhim trng. Vic s dng ch phm sinh hc ang c cc nc ang pht trin rt quan tm, c bit l khi Lin minh chu u cm khng sinh tng trng (AGP) cho ch n ng vt

ng dng trn ng vt chn nui trang tri

nh hng ca ch phm sinh hc n nng sut vt nui c th b nh hng bi bin i trong cng tc nng nghip, loi, tui, phng php ng dng, chng vi sinh vt, v ch n ung. Ch phm sinh hc c th ci thin nng sut vt nui thng qua vic cnh tranh vi cc tc nhn gy bnh trong cc h thng tiu ha, v ng vt thng c hng li t cc vi sinh vt probiotic phn lp t nhng vng tiu ha ca ring mnh. Ngoi ra cn c mt bng chng cho thy rng cc ch phm sinh hc cnh tranh vi tc nhn gy bnh b mt ng rut. Ngi ta tin rng b sung probiotic cho ng vt trng thnh s y nhanh s trng thnh ca h thng min dch ng rut v bnh tt thp hn

ng dng trn gia cm

Do tc ng ca lnh cm s dng khng sinh tng trng chu u c hiu lc t 1 thng 1 nm 2006 to nn tc ng su sc v vic chn nui gia cm. V mt trong nhng thnh cng l s dng vi khun probiotic trong chn nui gia cm l Bacillus subtilis Ngoi vic ci thin nhng li ch tng trng, B. subtilis cng c bit l cht c ch pht trin mm bnh trong ng tiu ha ca g

 Hnh 4.3 nh hng ca B. subtilis PB6 (a) t bo ca C. perfringens cn nguyn vn (b)s v ra v cht ca t bo C. perfringens sau 4 gi tip xc vi B. subtilis PB6

Primalac
Nhng nghin cu trn gia cm ti ti cc trng i hc ca Maryland v pha Bc bang Carolina, s dng mt sn phm c tn l Primalac cho thy l probiotic nh c rut vi nhng vi khun c li v loi tr bnh gy ra bi cc sinh vt nh E.coli, Salmonella v Clostridium nhng v tr lng nhung ca rut non, ni m vi khun c hi s ph hy lng nhung.

Probiotic gia tng s khng bnh bng cch tng cao ca lng nhung v tng su ca cc khe nm gia lng nhung, theo cch s gia tng c din tch b mt hp thu cht dinh dng. V vy s gia tng hiu qu hp th thc n. Nghin cu cng cho thy Primalac gip ng vt chng li s ly nhim trng cu (Eimeria acervulina), chng ph hy nhng n g ging.

Probiotic cng c th tiu dit mm bnh vi khun sng rut gia cm, do gip loi b mi e da s ng c thc phm vi khun t chui thc n.

nh hng ca Probiotics trn gia cm

Probiotic B.subtilis Liu lng 0,25*10^6;0,5* 10^6;1*10^6 cfu/g thc n ng vt G ty nh hng tng trng Tng trng ng k sau 12 tun v ci thin hiu qu chn nui sau 20 tun Tng kh nng tiu th thc n ca g Gim hiu sut tng trng nh hng khc Tng sn lng v cht lng nhng khng c nh hng ti ng rut Tng kch thc trng 2,1%,ci thin hm lng nito v canxi Gim ng k m bng ,gan v lng cholesteron trong huyt thanh Gim urase hot ng trong rut non trong 3 tun u

Lactobacillus

4,84*10^7cfu/ thc n

G trng

B.Subtilis(FPBS)

20 mg / g/ngy

G mi

L.casei

2,4 *10^5 cfu / g thc n

G tht

Tng ng k trng lng sau 3 tun

ng dng probiotic trn ng vt nhai li

Mc tiu chnh ca vic s dng ch phm probiotics trong chn nui l gim tnh trng bnh tt v t l cht do cc bnh v ng rut v h hp. ng dng sm nht ca ch phm probiotics trong chn nui l iu tr tnh trng d c toan ng vt nhai li. D c toan l loi bnh ph bin thng gp ng vt nhai li.

Bnh d c toan
Nguyn nhn: phn b thnh phn dinh dng trong thc n khng hp l, th lm vic qu mc v b lnh t ngt. c im ca bnh: bnh pht nhanh, th kh chu, khng yn, bng cng to, nhu ng d c gim. Trng hp nng c th xut huyt cc l t nhin v li trc trng. Tc hi ca bnh: y hi, nhu ng d c gim, phn x hi gim, gim sn lng sa, gim t l m, ngoi ra vt nui c th b x gan hay suy gan.

Tc dng ca vic b sung nm men trong d c

Nm men ci thin qu trnh tiu ha cht x trong d c bng cch to u kin tt hn cho s pht trin vi sinh vt phn hy cht x, gip cho qu trnh chuyn ha thc n trong d c nhanh hn, tng tnh thm n. Gim qu trnh sn sinh acid lactic trong d c: nm men b sung iu chnh pH d c bng cch to iu kin thun li cho nhm vi khun s dng acid lactic cnh tranh vi nhm vi khun sinh acid lactic.

S dng probiotics kim sot sn xut kh m-tan trong cc ng vt nhai li

H vi khun d c to ra kh metan t s ln men k kh v sn xut kh m-tan bi ng vt nhai li chim khong 15% kh m tan ca mi trng . Methanogen trong d c chuyn i carbon dioxide thnh kh metan bng cch lm gim hydro, methanogen ng mt vai tr quan trng trong d c l ch ng ly cc hydro bt li cho tiu ha d c. Trong mt s trng hp mc methanogen c kim sot bng cch s dng cc khng sinh ionophores monensin v salinomycin. Saccharomyces cerevisiae c chng minh l gim sn xut kh m-tan trong gia sc. Tuy nhin, thc n cho gia sc phi c b sung cc loi men vi sinh methanogenic potential

Fastrack
y l mt sn phm ca ng vt nhai li, cha Lactobacillus acidophilus v Streptococcus faecium, chng to ra acid lactic; nm men gip b sung vitamin B v nhng enzyme tiu ha.
b, Fastrack ci thin tng trng, gim bnh tiu chy v nhng xo trn tiu ha khc; tng sn lng sa v s thm n b; tng lng thc n cu v d.

probiotics L. bulgaricus

Liu lng 1,5x108 24x108 CFU/feed

i tng B (0-9 tun tui)

Anh hng ln sinh Cc nh hng trng khc Tng ng k, tng 43% trong th nghim vi Lactobacillus vi nng 6x108 CFU/ln cho n. Khng nh hng ng k vic tiu th vt cht kh. _ Khng nh hng ti s lng lactobacillus v coloform trong phn. Tng ng k lng cht tit trong d dy. S lng Bifidobacteria tng ln ng k trong phn Khng c nh hng ln cht lng ca tht

Canh trng nm 1,85% khu men (Diamond V phn n Mills, Inc.,USA) S. faecalis 0,3 x108 CFU/ngy

B, cu

S. faecium SF-68

B ci

Nng cao hiu sut v bo.

L. acidophilus

109- 1010 CFU/ngy/con

Khng c s khc bit ng k trong hiu sut tng trng v sc khe

S lng Lactobacilli tng ln ng k trong phn

nh hng ca probiotic trn Th

Th thng xuyn c s dng nh cc m hnh th nghim ch phm probiotics ca con ngi, ch yu l

do s ging nhau ca h thng tiu ha. Nh vy hu

ht cc nghin cu tp trung vo kh nng tim nng ca cc ch phm sinh hc cho ngi tun th v xm

chim ng tiu ha ca th.

C mt s hn ch ca nghin cu tp trung vo vic ci thin s tng trng v cng l ca nhng con vt ny. Yu v Tsen bo co rng do hn ch khng vi dch d dy v thiu kh nng kt dnh trong ng rut, s dng lactobacillus nh ch phm probiotics c gii hn th.

nh hng ca Probiotics trn th

Probiotic Liu lng ng vt Th s sinh nh hng tng trng Khng nh hng nh hng khc Gim mc tiu chy

L. casei Shirota

10^8cfu/kg B

L. delbrueckii subsp. Bulgaricus, S. thermophilus, L. acidophilus

108 cfu/kg BW Th

Khng nh hng

Gim lng C. septicum v C. Clostridiforme rut t 80,7% xung cn 12,7%. c bit lng cholesterol huyt tng gim ng k.

nh hng ca probiotic trn Ln

-

Hin nay, ch phm sinh hc ch c dng cho ln bng cch thm trc tip vo nc hoc thc n, hoc n vin. Vi khun axit lactic (LAB) c cho l thch hp nht trong vic s dng lm probiotic cho ln.

nh hng ca probiotic trn Ln

-

Ch phm sinh hc c s dng thit lp mt h vi sinh vt n nh cho ln con, kim sot bnh tiu chy, ci thin vic chuyn ha thc n, tng trng lng, nng cao hiu qu tiu ha trong giai on v bo rt quan trng v kim sot bnh l ln. Mt s nghin cu y ha hn cho thy rng CE c th c hiu qu chng li S. Typhimurium v E. coli ln.

nh hng ca probiotic trn Ln

* Lactobacillus v Bifidobacteria lm tng trng lng v gim t l cht non. * Lactobacillus casei ci thin tng trng ca ln con v gim bnh tiu chy, tc dng ca n hiu qu hn so vi vic dng khng sinh liu thp. * Enteracide, mt probiotic cha Lactobacillus acidophilus v Streptococcus faecium thm vo thc n cho ln con cai sa kch thch s tng trng v hot ng ca h thng tiu ha.

Lactobacillus

Streptococcus faecium

nh hng ca probiotic trn Ln

* S thm Streptococcus faecium vo khu phn n cho ln con lm tng trng lng v tng hiu qu thc n. * Hn hp Lactobacillus spp. v Streptococcus spp. tng s sinh trng v chc nng min dch ln con.

Lactobacillus

Bifidobacteria

Streptococcus faecium

nh hng ca probiotic trn Ln

+ Bt t bo vi khun tiu ha t Brevibacterium lactofermentum gim s tc ng v s nguy him ca bnh tiu chy ln con.

+ Ln con n Bacillus coagulans c t l cht gim v ci thin vic tng trng lng, s chuyn ha thc n tt hn ln con khng c n b sung cng nh so vi ln dng khng sinh liu thp.
Bacillus coagulans

nh hng ca probiotic trn Ln

+ Cenbiot, mt probiotic cha Bacillus cereus ci thin s tng trng v chuyn ha thc n ln con cai sa sm v lm gim s nh hng ca bnh tiu chy.

Bacillus cereus

+ Bacillus licheniformis ci thin trng lng, chuyn ha thc n v gim bnh tiu chy, t l cht non.
+ Biomate 2B plus (B.licheniformis v B. subtilis) tng hiu qu thc n v tng trng ca ln con hn dng khng sinh.

Bacillus licheniformis

B. subtilis

nh hng ca probiotic trn Ln

+ Ln con n probiotic Bacillus toyoi hoc hn hp Saccharomyces cerevisae, Lactobacillus acidophilus v Streptococcus faecium lm tng trng lng ng k so vi vic dng khng sinh. + Saccharomyces boulardii v B. cereus nng cao vic vn chuyn dinh dng khng trng ca ln. + Ln con n thc n b sung nm men (Saccharomyces cerevisae) c khuynh hng tiu th nhiu thc n v tng trng hn. + Enterococcus faecium 18C23 ngn chn s bm dnh ca E.coli to c t ng rut vo lp mng nhy rut non ca ln.

nh hng ca probiotic trn Ln

S dng antibiotics trong vic ci thin sc khe ng rut ca ln, c bit trong sut giai on sau cai sa. Trong mt nghin cu thc hnh, 1 s kt hp gia men sng v Pediococcus acidilactici trong khu phn n ca ln con c chng minh l c lm ci thin nim mc ng rut, l ni rt quan trng trong vic hp thu cht dinh dng v min dch chng li cc tc nhn gy bnh.

nh hng ca ch phm sinh hc ti hiu sut ca ln trong cc nghin cu c thc hin t nm 1980.
probiotic L.acidophilus Liu lng 2x1012 CFU/lng sa cho n. ng vt Ln nh hng tng trng Gim khng ng k nh hng khc Lm tng s lngLactobacillus trong ng rut Lm gim s lng coliform . L.acidophilus tng ng k trong phn v khng nh hng ti lng coliform phn.

L.acidophilus (DDS 1), L.acidophilus (Probios) L.acidophilus

2x1012 CFU/ngy, 4x103 CFU/g thc n.

Ln con

Ci thin hng ngy.

4x103 CFU/g thc n.

Ln con

Khng nh hng ti lng thc n tiu th v hiu qu tiu th thc n. S lng thc n n vo c ci thin 1.4% v 2.3% tng ng vi 3 th nghim

L.acidophilus

2x10 3 CFU/g thc n

Ln (trng lng trung bnh 31.2kg)

nh hng ca probiotic i vi vt nui khc

Nm 2006, ngun thc n cho ch v mo ch yu c nhp khu t nc ngoi. Mt trong nhng th trng pht trin nhanh nht v ngun thc n cho vt nui l Trung Quc. Do s thay i ln trong nhn thc v quyn s hu vt nui, khi vt nui c coi l bn ng hnh ca con ngi khi ch chm sc ca vt nui ch yu l khu phn n cng s thay i.

BNG 4.1 nh hng ca Probiotics trn ch v mo

Probiotic Bacillus CIP 5832 Liu lng 7,5 *10^6 cfu /ngy ng vt ch nh hng tng trng Ci thin cht kh,protein, gim nng lng tiu ha Khng nh hng ng k t nh hng Tng ng k cc t bo B Tng t bo tiu cu,hemoglobin v gim oxit nitric trong huyt thanh Gim ng k s lng Clostridium,tng Lactoballic v L. acidophilus.ci thin bch cu v tng hiu sut thc bo nh hng khc

E. faecium SF68 L. acidophilus

5*10^8cfu/ ngy > 10^9 cfu / ngy

Ch 8 tun tui ch

L. acidophilus (DSM 13241)

2 *10^8 cfu / ngy

Mo

Khng nh hng

Mt s sn phm probiotic cho vt nui

Dnh cho nga

Dnh cho ch

Mt s sn phm probiotic cho vt nui

Bio-E l ch phm dng bt kh, c to ra bng cch cy chng nm mc hu ch A.Niger ln b khoai m vi t l 2g mc/kg b.

ProBio-S li l ch phm dng lng, c sn xut bng cch cho b ti vo nhng bao ti ln ri cy ch phm EM-S cha nhiu chng vi sinh vt hu ch nh Bacillus sp., Lactobacillus sp., Saccharomyces sp. vi t l 1lt EM-S/25kg b

Kt lun

Probiotic l vi khun tt cho sc khe vt nui, nht l trong vic cng c h vi sinh ng rut v ngn chn bnh tiu chy do vic lm dng thuc khng sinh gy ra. Probiotic cn thit c b sung vo thc n chn nui trong nng nghip v nui trng thy sn v an ton i vi con ngi.

Nhm 6
1.PHAN TH LAN PHNG 2.PHAN THANH QUANG 3.LI NHT LINH 4.L TIN THNH 5.MAI TH NGC DIP 6.BI TH NGA 7.HONG B TUN 8.L XUN LINH 9.NGUYN MINH SN 10.NGUYN VN NHT 11.L BO CHU