10 cng ngh mi trng ca tng lai P2

Chuyn ho nng lng nhit t i dng (OTEC) Tm pan thu nng lng mt tri ln nht trn Tri t chnh l b mt i dng. Theo B Nng lng M, mi ngy i dng hp th nhit lng t mt tri tng

ng nng lng nhit ca 250 triu thng du.

Trin vng t cng ngh OTEC s em li ngun nng lung ng k. Hin, cng ngh OTEC chuyn nng lng nhit cha trong i dng thnh in nng bng cch li dng s chnh lch nhit gia mt bin (nng) v y bin (lnh).

S chnh lch nhit c th lm quay tuabin pht in. Hn ch ca phng php ny l n vn cha c hiu qu lm c ch chnh cho vic sn xut nng lng. S dng nng lng mt tri Nng lng mt tri, chiu ti b mt tri t di dng photon, c th chuyn ho thnh nhit hoc in nng. C nhiu loi b thu nng lng mt tri ra i v c ng dng thnh cng bi nhiu cng ty nng lng v c nhn.

Nng lung thu uc t Mt tri dung nh l v tn. Thit b thu nng lng mt tri c hai dng ph bin l pin nng lng mt tri v b thoa nhit nng lng mt tri. Nhng cc nh nghin cu tm c mt phng php hiu qu hn chuyn i ngun nng lng di do ny bng cch s dng cc tm gng v mng parabol hi t

nng lng mt tri. Mt phn thch thc ca vic s dng nng lng mt tri l ng c v khuyn khch t pha chnh ph. Tin phong trong p dng cng ngh hin i ny l mt cng ty nng lng Ty Ban Nha va m ca nh my nhit in s dng nng lng mt tri cung cp in nng cho 6.000 h gia nh v gip gim c 18.000 tn kh CO2/nm. Nng lng Hydro Vic s dng pin nhin liu hydro c xem l mt la chn thay th

khng nhim cho nhin liu ho thch. Thay v thi ra khi gy nhim mi trng, pin nhin liu hydro sn sinh sn phm ph l nc do s kt hp hydro v oxy trong qu trnh to ra in nng.

Nhng chic xe s dng ng c Hydro l mt la chn cho tung lai.

Vn ca pin nhin liu l lm sao thu c hydro. Cc phn t nc v ru phi c x l tch hydro cung cp cho pin nhin liu. Mi y, cc nh khoa hc tm ra phng php cung cp nng lng s dng cho my tnh xch tay v nhiu thit b nh gn khc bng pin nhin liu. Nhiu hng xe ha hn cho ra i th h xe hi mi vi cht thi duy nht l nc. Li ha v mt nn kinh t hyrdro bit u s sm thnh hin thc. Kh mui trong nc bin

Theo Lin Hip Quc, n gia th k ny, ngun nc ang cn kit s nh hng n hng t ngi trn th gii. Kh mui v mt c bn l loi b mui v khong cht khi nc bin, l mt phng php kh thi cung cp nc cho nhiu khu vc trn th gii, nhng ni thiu ngun nc ung c.

Mc d chi ph cao, nhng cng

ngh ny s l tung lai cho ngun nuc trn Tri t. Hn ch ca cng ngh ny l chi ph qu cao v tiu tn rt nhiu nng lng. Cc nh khoa hc ang nghin cu mt quy trnh tt hn, nhm s dng cc loi nhin liu r hn lm nng v bay hi nc trc khi cho n chy qua cc mng lc mng nhm tng tnh hiu qu. Ch to du m t bt k th g V nguyn tc, bt c cht thi no c thnh phn ccbon - t phn g cho ti lp xe c, chai l - u c th bin thnh du ha nu c x

l theo phng php gi l l thermo depolymerization, ging vi s sn sinh ra du ha t thin nhin. Nhng ngi xng cng ngh ny khng nh rng 1 tn cht thi ca g c th to ra 600 pounds (khong 273 kg) du m. Nhng c sn phm ging nh vy th phi mt hng triu nm. Nu mun nhanh, cc nh khoa hc phi nghin cu nhng c my to ra mi trng c nhit , p sut thch hp. Vic ny i hi mt khon chi ph khng nh cho nghin cu v vn hnh. Do , sn xut nhin liu ha thch nhn to c th tm thi p ng nhu cu

trong giai on chuyn tip ch khng phi gii php lu di.