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HCM
KHOA CNG NGH IN T
---------oOo--------- N HC PHN I:
LI M U
Vit Nam ta ngy pht trin v giu mnh. Mt trong nhng thay i ng k
l Vit Nam gia nhp WTO, mt bc ngoc quan trng t nc thay i
b mt ngho nng ca mnh, chng ta con ngi Vit Nam c c hi nm bt
nhiu thnh tu v i ca th gii, c bit l v cc lnh vc khoa hc k tut ni
chung v ngnh in T ni ring.
Th h tr chng ta khng t mnh phn u hc hi khng ngng th chng
ta s sm lt hu v nhanh chng b tht li. Nhn ra c iu trng I
HC CNG NGHIP THNH PH H CH MINH sm ch trng hnh thc
o to su rng, t thp n cao. cp nht chng trnh ging dy sinh vin c
th lun nm bt c nhng kin thc tt nht p ng cho nhu cu hc tp v x
hi. Nhng mn hc v in t c ng dng rt nhiu. Bn cnh nh
trng cn to mi iu kin sinh vin c th lm quen vi cc trang thit b qua
cc m hnh hc tp.
tng cht lng hc tp ca sinh vin nh trng ni chung v trung tm
in T ni ring, khoa in T t chc cho sinh vin lm cc n mn hc
nhm to nn tng vng chc cho sinh vin khi ra trng, p ng nhu cu tuyn
dng vic lm.V hiu su thm nhm chng em xin chn ti MCH BO
TRM DNG TIA HNG NGOI.
LI CM N
Trong qu trnh thc hin n chng em xin chn thnh cm n s tn tnh
hng dn ca thy c trong Khoa in t trng H Cng Nghip TP H CH
MINH.
Chng em xin cm n n 1 s din n, Webside :DIENDANDIENTU .COM
ANT7.COM; DIENTUVIETNAM.COM ; WINKIPEDIA.COM cung cp ti liu,
kinh nghim qu gi chng em c th hon thnh tt n ny.
Do kin thc cn hn hp nn trong qu trnh thc hin n chng em
khng th trnh khi sai st, mong qu thy c trong hi ng kho th v cc bn
ng gp kin bi hon chnh hn. Knh mong nhn c s gip .
Chng em xin chn thnh cm n!
n v ca t in
- n v ca t in l Fara, 1 Fara c tr s rt ln v trong thc t ngi ta thng
dng cc n v nh hn nh
+ P(Pico Fara) 1 Pico = 1/1000.000.000.000 Fara (vit gn l 1pF)
+ N(Nano Fara) 1 Nano = 1/1000.000.000 Fara (vit gn l 1nF)
+ MicroFarra 1 Micro = 1/1000.000 Fara
(vit gn l 1F)
=> 1F = 1000nF = 1.000.000 Pf
Cch c gi tr ca t in:
- c trc tip trn thn in tr, v d 100F (100 micro Fara)
Nu l s dng 103J, 223K, 471J vv th n v l pico, hai s u gi nguyn , s th
3 tng ng s lng s 0 thm vo sau( ch J hoc K cui k k hiu cho sai
s).
-V d 1:103J s l 10000 pF (thm vo 3 s 0 sau s 10) = 10 nF.
- V d 2: 471K s l 470 pF (thm 1 s 0 vo sau 47)
Sau tr s in dung bao gi cng c gi tr in p, in p ghi trn t chnh l in
p cc i m t c th chu c, vt qua gi tr ny th t in c th b h hng
hoc b chy n.
3. Tranzitor:
K hiu : transistor NPN
Transistor PNP
Q 1
Q 2
-Led
- Photodiode :
nh sng hng ngoi (tia hng ngoi)
c pht ra t Led l nh sng khng
th nhn thy c bng mt thng,
c bc sng khong t 0.86m n
0.98m. Tia hng ngoi c vn tc
truyn bng vn tc nh sng v c
thu li v s l sang tn hiu s bng:
TSOP1138, TSOP1738, TSOP173638Khz
5. IC NE555.
IC NE555 gm c 8 chn.
- Chn s 1(GND): cho ni mase ly dng cp cho IC
- Chn s 2(TRIGGER): ng vo ca 1 tn so p.mch so p dng
cc transistor PNP. Mc p chun l 2*Vcc/3.
- Chn s 3(OUTPUT): Ng ra .trng thi ng ra ch xc nh theo
mc volt cao(gn bng mc p chn 8) v thp (gn bng mc p chn 1)
-Chn s 4(RESET): dng lp nh mc trng thi ra. Khi chn s 4 ni masse th ng ra
mc thp. Cn khi chn 4 ni vo mc p cao th trng thi ng ra ty theo mc p trn
chn 2 v 6.
8
=[ 0].
= [0].
= [1] v Q = [0].
Mch dao ng to xung bng IC 555, Vcc cung cp cho IC c th s dng t 4,5V
n 15V , ng mch mu l dng ngun, mch mu en di cng l m
ngun.
T 103 (10nF) t chn 5 xung mass l c nh v bn c th b qua ( khng lp
cng c )
Khi thay i cc in tr R1, R2 v gi tr t C1 bn s thu c dao ng c tn s
v rng xung theo mun theo cng thc:
T = 0.7 (R1 + 2R2) C1 v f = 1.4 / ( (R1 + 2R2) C1 )
10
Khi chn chc nng v khi m ha: Khi ngi s dng bm vo cc phm chc
nng pht lnh yu cu ca mnh, mi phm chc nng tng ng vi mt s
thp phn. Mch m ha s chuyn i thnh m nh phn tng ng di dng m
lnh tn hiu s gm cc bt 0 v 1. S bit trong m lnh nh phn c th l 4 bit hay
8 bit ty theo s lng cc phm chc nng nhiu hay t.
.
- Khi dao ng c iu kin: Khi nhn 1 phm chc nng th ng thi khi ng
12
- Khi thit b thu: Tia hng ngoi t phn pht c tip nhn bi LED thu hng
ngoi hay cc linh kin quang khc.
- Khi khuch i v Tch sng: trc tin khuch i tnh hiu nhn ri a qua
mch tch sng nhm trit tiu sng mang v tch ly d liu cn thit l m lnh.
- Khi chuyn i ni tip sang song song v Khi gii m: m lnh c a vo
mch chuyn i ni tip sang song song v a tip qua khi gii m ra thnh s
thp phn tng ng di dng mt xung kch ti ng ra tng ng kch m
mch iu khin.
-Tn s sng mang cn c dng so pha vi tn s dao ng bn phn thu gip
cho mch thu pht hot ng ng b , m bo cho mch tch sng v mch
chuyn i ni tip sang song song hot ng chnh xc.
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IC1 : NE 555
3. Khi thu tn hiu hng ngoi v pht tn hiu bo ng.
- IR 1838 l IC thu nhn hng ngoi chuyn dng, c s dng rng ri v ph
bin trn th trng, n c nhim v thu tia hng ngoi v khuych i tn hiu nhn
c t b pht hng ngoi. Khi c tn hiu hng ngoi, u ra OUT l dng xung
c tn s rt cao khong 38KHz, xung nay c a vo chn s 2 ca Ic555
khuych i so snh khi IC nhn in p chun l 1/3 Vcc. Khi so snh tn hiu SET
iu khin Flip_Flop lm cho chn s 3 xut hin xung vung.
Xung vung ny lm cho Q1 dn trng thi bo ha, Relay trng thi ng, tin
hiu mc cao li c chuyn n cc B ca Q1, lm cho Relay lun trng thi
ng khi khng cn tn hiu hng ngoi.
Khi Relay ng, s cung cp ngun cho thit b bo ng. Khi bo ng c s
dng l loi mch khuych i thng thng s dng ic nhc UM66, hoc l khi
n c m phng bi Led D5.
K1 lm nhim v ngt tn hiu bo ng khi cn thit .
Mch thu ny c th thu nhn tn hiu hng ngoi t rt xa trn 20m m khng b
nhiu bi nh sng mi trng.
S ton khi:
16
17
V v lm mch in ng:
19
PHN V: KT LUN
1. Kt qu.
Sau thi gian thc hin n mn hc, cng vi s hng dn tn tnh ca
c Quyn, chng em hon thnh n ng theo quy nh. thc hin c yu
cu ca ti, chng em khng ngng hc hi, tm hiu nhng vn v cc
loi linh kin in t v cc vn khc lin quan.V th kin thc v in t; kinh
nghim thc t khi lm mch c s tin b vt bc. Mt ln na, chng em xin
chn thnh cm n!
2. Hn ch.
V sn phm lm ra ch nhm mc ch nghin cu nn cn mang tnh c bn
v khng c s dng rng ri ngoi thc t.
3. Hng pht trin.
C th nng cp t s nguyn l hot ng ln hng t ng ha bng
cng ngh cao hn: bo trm bng sng in t, cm bin hnh nh,cm bin nhit
, FM,
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MC LC
Trang
LI M
U...2
LI CM N...3
PHN I: GII THIU V MT VI LINH KIN.6
C S DNG TRONG MCH
1. in
tr...6
2. T in
7
3. Tranzitor.8
4. Diode_Led..8
5. IC NE5558
6. IC 7805_ IC n p 5 Vol..11
7. IC pht nhc.12
PHN II: S KHI V NHIM V CC KHI CHNH...12
1. S khi pht hng
ngoi.12
2. S khi thu hng
ngoi..13
PHN III: S NGUYN L V NGUYN L HOT NG14
1. Khi ngun..14
2. Khi pht tn hiu hng
ngoi.14
3. Khi thu tn hiu hng ngoi v pht tn hiu bo
ng.15
PHN IV: THI CNG TI ...17
PHN V: KT LUN18
1. Kt qu
18
2. Hn ch
18
3. Hng pht trin.18
TI LIU THAM KHO....19
MC LC
20
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