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1. Khi qut chung 2. Phn loi 3. Cu to ca bm 4. Nguyn l lm vic 5. Tnh ton bm 6. u v nhc im ca bm 7. Cc h hng thng gp 8. Cc ch khi s dng bm piston
KHI QUT CHUNG Bm piston l loi chuyn dng trong sn xut, hot ng nh to lc ht v lc y hon ton da vo hnh trnh nn v x ca piston trong xylanh. Dng cho cc h thng thy lc c p sut cao ng dng: Bm nc. Bm dung dch Bm ho cht
Piston a nghing
Piston bm lu lng
Bm thng ng Bm nm ngang Bm tc dng n Bm tc dng kp Bm tc dng ba Bm tc dng bn Bm piston a Bm piston tr Bm lu lng nh: Q<15 m3/h Bm lu lng TB: Q=1560 m3/h Bm lu lng ln: Q=60 m3/h Bm c p sut thp:P<10 at Bm c p sut TB: P<1020 at Bm c p sut cao: P<20 at
PHN LOI
Theo p sut
CU TO CA BM PISTON
Bm piston l bm th tch i din c bn. Cc chi tit ch yu ca bm piston gm c : Piston Xylanh Hp van Van ht v y
http://www.thanhlocphat.com/index.php?op tion=com_k2&view=item&id=579:tongquan-ve-cac-loai-bom-thuy-luc
Piston
L c cu hp vi xylanh to ra chn khng trong xylanh v y cht lng ra ngoi. Piston chu lc y v ht cht lng, tng kn v hn ch s r r cht lng gia cc khoang cng tc khc nhau, ngi ta lm cc rnh trn piston lp pht, secmng hoc i khi khng lp secmng ty theo mc ch s dng bm khc nhau. C 2 lai piston : Hnh tr v hnh a.
Xylanh
C dng hnh tr, c lm bng b mt cng tc. Cht lng nhn b mt, kch thc di v ng knh xylanh ph thuc vo nhu cu v p sut v tc lm vic ca bm
Xylanh c th l loi ri hoc c c lin vi v bm, thng c ch to t gang, thp hoc hp kim.
Hp van v van
Hp van v van l mt t hp cc chi tit c lp ni vi piston xylanh cng tc, cho php cht lng chuyn ng theo chiu sp t. Yu cu i vi hp van: -Chc chn v tin cy. -C kch thc ti thiu. -C qun tnh nng h van nh -Cho php tn tht thy lc qua van nh nht -Tin li tho lp. Chu mi mn v khng b ph bi mi cht. Tui th cao.
Cu to van: Rt a dng nh hnh nm, bi cu, cnh ca thng c ch to t kim loi, bc da, cao su, vi hoc cht do.
Cu to mt vi van ca bm piston
a/ Van hnh m b/ Van bi cu c/ Van bn l ( Cnh ca)
NGUYN L LM VIC
Bm piston l mt my thu lc, trong nng lng c hc ca ng c truyn cho cht lng nh mt qu nn (gi l piston) chuyn ng tnh tin qua li trong xylanh. Ta xt cu to v nguyn l lm vic ca bm piston tc dng n v bm piston tc dng kp
Bm piston tc dng n
4 5 6 13 7 S 8 9 10 2 B 3 A 1 11 12 R
Qu trnh ht: Khi trc quay ca bm quay c nh truyn ng ca lc bn ngoi theo chiu kim ng h, ko piston 1 dch chuyn tnh tin xung di trong xylanh 2, to ra chn khng trong xylanh 2 v hp van, van ht 4 m ra, ht cng cht vo trong xylanh 2 v hp van 3. Qu trnh y:Trc quay tip tc quay theo chiu kim ng h, piston chuyn ng tnh tin theo chiu i ln p cng cht trong xylanh v hp van, van ht ng li v van y m ra, piston tip tc chuyn ng ln y cng cht i ra theo ca y. Nh vy mi vng quay ca trc quay bm thc hin c 1 qu trnh ht v mt qu trnh y.
Bm piston tc dng kp
7 4 2 4 1 11
B S=2R
6
3 10 9
6
5 Pa
Q D 4
tb
.S .n
D : Kch thc ng knh piston xylanh S : Hnh trnh piston trong xylanh n : S vng quay trong n v thi gian Nu mt bm piston c i hiu lc ( i: Xylanh cng tc cng lai trn mt ng c) 2
D .S .i.n Qtb 4
Trn thc t lun c s r r ca cht lng, do vy phi tnh n Q. Cng thc tnh lu lng trung bnh s l :
D . S .i.n Q tb 4
2
D
4
= const
q q
max
trungbinh
V V
max
trungbinh
Rw
Rw
3,14
Q
2
m ax
D
4
max
Rw
2 D S .n trungbinh 4
2
Q Q
1,57
trungbinh
1,047
4.5 Ct p ca bm trong qu trnh y: Ct p ca bm ph thuc vo sn lng v p sut cng tc. i vi bm piston gi tr sn lng v p sut bin thin theo thi gian v ph thuc tc quay n.
Khi bm thc hin qu trnh y, nh piston chu 1 p lc P (p lc y) v k t nh piston tr ln ti mt thong y to thnh mt ng dng lin tc. Pa, h=const
H day
f t , n
day
S tnh ct p y ca bm piston
P
a
S=2 R
S- Hnh trnh bm
X-Qung ng chuyn ng ca bm piston trong xilanh h- cao hnh hc y
H hut
f t , n
hut
Ni
p . D 4
i
.Z .n
dongco
bom
U V NHC IM CA BM PISTON
u im : C kh nng t ht tt, to c ct p cao. C hiu sut cao v tn tht lu lng nh. C th thay i th tch lm vic, vi cng mt tc quay c th thay i lu lng khc nhau. Ph hp khi cn c p sut cao. Gim c s dao ng trong mch thy lc khi lm vic p sut cao. Nhc im: Kt cu kh phc tp, trng lng v kch thc ln. Lu lng v p sut khng u, hn ch nhc im ny ngi ta thng trang b thm bnh iu p trn ng y. Gi thnh cao.
SO SNH C BM PISTON V LY TM
Bm piston v bm li tm khc nhau c bn v nguyn l v nguyn tc hot ng
Bm li tm Bm piston Hot ng theo nguyn tc thy Hot ng theo nguyn tc th ng lc, to nn ct p ng tch to ct p tnh.
Chi tit ch yu ca 1 bm li tm l 1 bnh cnh, trn c cc cnh. Bnh cnh lp trn 1 trc quay, thong c lai trc tip bi ng c in. Cc chi tit ch yu ca bm piston gm c piston, xylanh, hp van ht v hp van y. Do chuyn ng qua li ca piston trong xylanh m qu trnh ht, y xy ra nh s gii phng hoc thu hp khng gian cng tc trong xylanh.
CC H HNG THNG GP
Hin tng Nguyn nhn Bm khng cp Van ht cha m Li lc pha ht qu bn c cht lng Van ht b knh hoc treo C vt cn trong ng ht Cc van ht , y m cha ht Cc van khng ng kn c Bm lm vic Tc li lc hoc ng ht vi sn lng Khng kh lt vo bm thp Secmen km, r lt cht lng nhiu H hng cc l xo hp van, van an ton khng kn Cc chi tit ca bm lp khng ng k thut Piston qu mn, vng quay ca bm khng Bm lm vic Thiu bi trn h thng truyn ng vi cng sut Lp rp hp gim p khng ng quy cch cao hn bnh Vng quay ca bm qu cao, kt cc chi tit ng thng Cc bulong p thit b lm kn qu cng lp rp ko ng k thut, tc nghn ng y
Trc khi khi ng ta phi via th vi vng bng tay xem bm c b kt khng Kim tra du m bi trn cc v tr cn thit Kim tra v m, ng cc van cn thit cho mc ch s dng tht chnh xc Kim tra nhm thit b truyn ng ca bm (nu c) Xem xt k tnh hnh bn ngoi, chc chn khng c g cn tr bm lm vic nh k kim tra van an ton, trnh kt cc van
Sau khi tin hnh kim tra, ta cho bm lm vic, trong thi gian lm vic ta cn theo di:
Cc ch s lm vic ca bm Kim tra du m bi trn Nu bm lm vic vi bnh iu ha th phi nh k x bt khng kh nn n mc thch hp Kim tra nhit thn bm Khi xut hin cc du hiu khng bnh thng ta phi tm nguyn nhn v khc phc