Cac Giong Bo

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MOT SO AC IEM SINH HOC CUA BO

1. ac iem ve bo may tieu hoa 2. Kha nang sinh san 3. Cac giong bo (theo hng san xuat)
ac iem ve bo may tieu hoa
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Bo may tieu hoa cua be Be s sinh a co u 4 da nh thu trng thanh: da co, da to ong, da la sach va da mui khe. Tuy nhien, trong giai oan con bu, da co, da to ong va da la sach cha phat trien ve the tch cung nh ve chc nang, da mui khe ln nhat (60 -70%, con 35 % la 3 tui con lai). T thc quan cua be, ngay phan au cua da co hnh thanh mot ranh thong trc tiep en da mui khe c goi la ranh thc quan. Ranh nay do da to ong va da la sach khep kn hnh thanh. ong tac nut vu cua be con gay ra phan xa ong ranh thc quan, a trc tiep sa xuong da mui khe , khi chc nang nay b truc trac thu se b tieu chay.
Bo may tieu hoa cua be
Bo may tieu hoa cua bo

-Da co: bo da co ln nhat, co dung tch khoang 200l chiem 70-80% so vi da khac. Ben trong co hnh dang nh khan long. -Da to ong: tui th II, ben trong co hnh dang nh to ong. Da la to ong gom 2 ca: ca ln thong vi thc quan va da co, ca nho thong vi da la sach. -Da la sach: sn ben phai no hnh tron va ben trai hnh hi dep. Ben trong hnh thanh nhieu la khac nhau goi la la sach. Gom 8 bo, moi bo co 1la ln va khoang 20 la nho. Cac la eu co gai tht e co bop va hut nc trong thc an. -Da mui khe: chc nang tng nh da day heo con goi la da day thc. Thc an tieu hoa da day di tac dung c hoc, da mui khe mi co s tham gia cua cac enzyme.
c lng t le chuyen hoa chat dinh dng trong thc an thanh chat dinh dng cua thu san mot so loai
Thu san Sa Tht bo Tht cu Tht heo Trng Tht ga cong nghiep Tht ga Tay
Chuyen hoa Nang lng (%) 20 8 6 15 15 10 10
Chuyen hoa Protein (%) 30 15 10 20 20 25 20
1- Cach giam nh tuoi qua rang. ch Co nhieu phng cach giam nh tuoi bo, giam nh tuoi qua rang la tng oi chnh xac. Rang bo lo 2 loai : Rang sa va rang vnh vien. Bo t 2 en 5 tuoi can c vao viec thay rang e oan tuoi, sau o can c vao o mon cua rang e tnh tuoi bo tren 6 tuoi (hnh ).
Bo 2 nam tuoi thay 2 rang (thay cap rang gia) Bo 3 nam tuoi thay 4 rang (thay tiep cap ap gia) Bo 4 nam tuoi thay 6 rang (thay tiep cap ap goc) Bo 5 nam tuoi thay 8 rang (thay luon cap rang goc).
1- Cach giam nh tuoi qua rang. ch
2 nam tuoi 3 nam tuoi 4 nam tuoi 5 nam tuoi
Cach xac nh khoi lng bo ch ng

Co the dung cong thc n gian sau e tnh the trong cua bo t 2 tuoi tr len. 2 Khoi lng (kg) = VN x DTC x 90 5% Trong o : VN : la chieu o vong ngc, o bang thc day, tnh bang m. DTC : la chieu dai than cheo, o bang thc day t iem trc cua xng ba vai en iem cuoi xng ngoi (hnh ). oi vi bo map map th cong them 5% tren so kg tnh c. oi vi bo gay om th tr bt 5% tren so kg tnh c.
V tr cac chieu o
CAC GIONG BO NG
HNG CHUYEN SA HNG CHUYEN THT HNG KIEM DUNG
I. NHOM BO CHUYEN SA
Bo sa co the chat thanh san, au co can oi, ngc n, bung phat trien, to va tron; ac biet vu to cac num eu, tnh mach vu noi ro, chan vng chac. Nhn chung bo sa co dang hnh tam giac, pha au nho pha sau to. Thng giam nh bo sa vao cac la tuoi: s sinh, 6 thang, 12 thang, 24 thang, la e 1, la e 3.
I. NHOM BO CHUYEN SA
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
Bo Holstein Friesian Bo Jersey Bo Brown Swiss Bo Ayrshire Bo Guernsey Bo Australian Milking Zebu Bo Sahiwal Bo AFS (Australian Friesian Sahiwal)
1.1. Bo Holstein Friesian

Bo co nguon goc t Ha Lan, mau long en va trang hoac trang va en, ty le en trang thong thng la 50%-50%, bo Ha Lan thuan thng co 6 iem trang: gia tran, chop uoi va 4 chan. ay la giong bo co san lng sa cao nhat va c nuoi vi ty le cao nhat trong cac giong bo sa hien nay. Khoi lng con c t 800 - 1100kg, con cai 500 800kg. Lng sa trung bnh 6000-8800kg/chu ky (305 ngay), ty le chat beo 3,5-4%. Viet nam hien nay a so nha chan nuoi bo sa eu chon giong nay. Tuy xuat phat t Ha Lan nhng en nay nhieu nc a nhan thuan giong nay thanh bo rieng cua nc mnh nh : Bo Ha Lan Phap, Bo Ha Lan Canada
NANG SUAT BO HOLSTEIN MOT SO NC (2000) Ten nc Australia Canada c Phan Lan Phap Nhat ai Han Ha Lan Israel My Ten giong bo Holstein Holstein Holstein Friesian PrimHolstein Holstein Holstein Black& White Holstein Holstein Ghi chep 664.030 533.630 2.039.209 65.837 1.996.075 345.941 92.115 809.427 65.631 4.114.587 Nang suat 6.065 8.651 7.624 8.060 7.026 8.791 8.086 8.182 10.463 9.630
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1.1. Bo Holstein Israel
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1.2. Bo Jersey
ay la giong bo sa co nguon goc t Anh quoc, co tam voc tng oi nho nhng ngoai hnh rat ep va hieu suat cho sa kha cao. Bo co sac long mau nau nhat om en. Bo co kha nang gam co tot, tuy co nguon goc t x on i nhng co kha nang chu c kh hau cua nhiet i. Khoi lng con c t 500-700Kg, con cai t 350450Kg. San lng sa trung bnh 4000-5000kg/chu ky, t le chat beo 5-5,4%. Bo nay co s trng thanh sinh duc sm, con cai t 12-14 thang tuoi a cho phoi lan au.
1.2. Bo Jersey
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1.2. Bo Jersey
1.3. Bo Brown Swiss

Bo co nguon goc t Thuy S, sac long mau nau co om en,mui mau en. Giong nay cho tht cao hn cac giong khac, be con tang trng nhanh. Khoi lng con c 750kg -1000kg, con cai 650kg - 750kg. San lng sa trung bnh 5000kg/chu ky, ty le chat beo 4%.
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1.3. Bo Brown Swiss
1.3. Bo Brown Swiss
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1.4. Bo Ayrshire
ay la giong bo chuyen sa co nguon goc t Anh, sac long mau trang va o hoac trang om o. Bo nay trng thanh sinh duc kha sm, giong nay co kha nang gam co cao va nang ong tuy nhien kho quan ly. Bo Ayrshire la ket qua tap giao gia bo Ha Lan, bo Jersey,bo Guernsey va bo a phng cua Anh. Trong lng bo cai trung bnh 600kg, bo c 700-1100kg. San lng sa t 5000-6400kg chu ky.
1.4. Bo Ayrshire
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1.4. Bo Ayrshire
1.5. Bo Guernsey
Nguon goc t ao Gurensey ,nc Anh. ay la giong bo co tam voc trung bnh, the hnh hng sa ro ret, khung xng nho (khoi lng con cai ch 400 -450 kg). Thng co mau nau vang vi nhng lang trang. Mom thng co nhat au dai, sng cong ve trc. Nang suat bo Guernsey at khoang 5000-5500 kg/chu ky ( co con at ky luc nang suat tren 14000 kg/chu ky). T le m sa khoang 3,6%. Sa thng co mau vang ac trng ay la mot giong bo thch nghi tot vi chan tha. Giong bo nay t pho bien hn cac giong khac.
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1.5. Bo Guernsey
1.5. Bo Guernsey
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1.6. Bo Australian Milking Zebu

Giong bo AMZ c lai tao tai Uc ( to chc CSIRO) t giong bo Sahiwal, Red Sindhi va Jersey. Sau o c bo sung vi cac giong Holstein friesian, Illawana va Ayshire. Bo thng co mau vang va ngoai hnh giong bo Jersey nhng ln con hn . Bo thch nghi tot vi ieu kien nhiet i, kha nang chong stress nhiet va ve mong tot. Nang suat at khoang 5000 kg/chu ky vi t le beo trung bnh 4,5 %. Bo lai gia giong AMZ va Holstein co the at nang suat 6000 kg/chu ky va t le beo 3,8%.
1.6. Bo Australian Milking Zebu
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1.7. Bo Sahiwal
ay la giong bo sa co nguon goc t An o, sac long mau o sam. Trong lng con cai trung bnh 300kg, con c trung bnh 400kg. San lng sa 2500kg mot chu ky, chat beo tren 5%
1.7. Bo Sahiwal
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1.8. Bo AFS
Bo co nguon goc t Australia, la bo sa c lai tao t 3 giong bo: Australian Milking
Zebu, Holstein Friesian va bo Sahiwal. Sac long mau nau sam hoac en, phan lng thng co mau canh o sam. ay la giong bo sa c ngi Uc tao ra vung co kh hau nong
1.8. Bo AFS
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1.8. Bo AFS
II. NHOM BO CHUYEN THT

Bo nuoi tht c the phai n nang "vai u tht bap", nhn chung co dang hnh ch nhat, ngc sau rong, mong ui n nang, chan thap. Yeu cau oi vi bo tht la phai co kha nang tang trong cao trong thi gian vo beo, at khoi lng xuat chuong cao va t le tht cao.
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II. NHOM BO CHUYEN THT

Bo Charolais 2. Bo Hereford 3. Bo Brahman 4. Bo Santa Gertrudis
1.
Bo Aberdeen Angus 6. Bo Droughmaster 7. Bo Belgian blue

5.
2.1.Bo Charolais
Co nguon goc Phap, ay la giong bo tht noi tieng tren the gii, thng c dung lai tao cac nhom bo a phng e nuoi tht. Sac long mau kem. Trong lng con c nang trung bnh 1200 1400kg con cai 800-900kg. Be nuoi tht 12 thang co the at 500kg - 550kg (tang trong moi ngay 1,200 -1,500kg), 30 thang tuoi at 1000kg. T le tht xe at 65-70%.
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2.1.Bo Charolais
2.1.Bo Charolais
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2.2. Bo Hereford
Nguon goc Anh c nuoi nhieu cac nc on i. Sac long mau o, co 6 iem trang mat, bung va 4 chan. Bo nay co hai nhom co sng va khong sng. Khoi lng trung bnh con c trng thanh 900 - 1000kg, con cai 600 - 700kg. Be thien nuoi tht 15 - 18 thang at 500kg, t le tht xe 65-70%
2.2. Bo Hereford
HORNED HEREFORD
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2.2. Bo Hereford
POLLED HEREFORD
2.3. Bo Brahman
Co nguon goc t An o va Braxin c My lai tao thanh giong bo tht cho cac x nhiet i, u yem rat phat trien. Co 2 dong : Brahman o co sac long mau vang en mau o, Brahman trang co sac long t mau trang xam en en nhat au mut c the, tai to cup xuong. Khoi lng c trng thanh 600 - 700kg, con cai 400 - 500kg, t le xe tht 55%.
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2.3. Bo Brahman trang ng
2.3. Bo Brahman trang ng
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2.3. Bo Brahman o Bo
2.3. Bo Brahman o Bo
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2.4. Bo Santa Gertrudis

Do My lai tao gia hai giong bo tht on i va nhiet i, co sac long mau o tham, u nho, yem kha phat trien. Than hnh co dang hnh ch nhat. Bo nay c lai tao t bo Shorthorn (5/8) va bo Brahman (3/8). Khoi lng bo c trng thanh 800 - 1000kg, bo cai 600 - 700kg, t le xe tht at 60- 65%.
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2.5. Bo Aberdeen Angus

Nguon goc t Anh la giong bo tht nho con va rat c a chuong Chau Au v he so chuyen hoa thc an tot va kha nang nuoi con tot. Mau long en tuyen hoac o. Trong lng con cai 550-650kg con c 850-950kg. Ty le tht xe 65-70%.
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2.5. Bo Aberdeen Angus (Red Angus)
2.5. Bo Aberdeen Angus (Red Angus)
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2.6. Bo Droughmaster
Nguon goc t Uc, c lai tao t nhom giong bo Zebu ( chu yeu la bo Brahman) va cac giong bo tht cao san on i ( bo Devon, bo Shorthorn, Hereford, Red Poll ). Bo Droughmaster to con, than hnh dai. Bo thng co mau o nhat hoac am, long ngan. Bo co sng hoac khong sng. Yem va dau tng oi phat trien. Bo thch nghi tot, khang benh va ve tot. Bo cho chat lng tht rat tot. Trong lng bo cai bnh quan 650 - 800 kg, bo c bnh quan 750 1000 kg. Kha nang san xuat tht cao , t le tht xe at tren 60%.
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2.7. Bo Belgian Blue

Bo Belgian Blue co nguon goc t B, la bo lai gia 2 giong bo tht Charolais va Shorthorn. Bo co bap tht rat phat trien nhat la phan mong. Mau long trang, hoac trang lang en. Trong lng bo c 800 1100kg, bo cai t 600 700kg, luc 12 thang tuoi con cai nang 370kg va con c nang khoang 500kg.
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III. CAC GIONG BO KIEM DUNG NG NG

3.1. Bo Red Sindhi 3.2. Bo Ongole 3.3. Bo Simmental
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3.1. Bo Red Sindhi

Bo Sind thuan ( Red Sindhi ) co nguon goc t vung
Malir, ngoai vi Karachi cua Pakistan. Bo Sind thng co mau t o en nau canh dan , thng co mot vai om trang tren tran va yem. Bo co u, yem phat trien . Sng cong hng len tren. Khoi lng bo cai trng thanh t 250 350 kg, bo c t 400-550 kg. Tuoi e lan au vao khoang 30 en 40 thang. San lng sa trung bnh t 2000 2300 kg /chu ky. T le beo trong sa vao khoang 4 5 %. Bo thch nghi tot vi ieu kien kh hau nong va sc e khang benh cao.
3.1. Bo Red Sindhi
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3.1. Bo Red Sindhi
3.1. Bo Red Sindhi
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3.2. Bo Ongole Co nguon goc t Pakistan, co sac long mau xam trang, chan cao, u yem kha phat trien. Khoi lng bo c trong thanh 450-550kg, bo cai 400kg, bo nay nong thon goi la bo bo sao. Nang suat sa khoang 1700 - 2000kg/chu ky. Kha nang cay cay kem hn bo Sind, khong c a chuong nhieu Viet nam,hien nay nhom nay con rat t.
3.2. Bo Ongole
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3.2. Bo Ongole
3.3 Bo Simmental Hng sa tht co nguon goc t Chau Au, chu yeu t Thuy S va Phap, sac long mau o hoac vang sam. Thng co 6 iem trang: mat, uoi va 4 chan. Khoi lng con c trng thanh 800-1200kg, con cai 600kg. Nang suat sa 4000kg/chu ky, t le tht xe 60%
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3.3 Bo Simmental
3.3 Bo Simmental
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3.4 Bo Ta Vang ng
Bo Viet Nam con goi la bo Ta Vang, bo Co hay bo Coc co mot so ac iem chung : Tai nho, u yem kem phat trien,long co mau vang, vang nhat hoac vang am. Nhu cau dinh dng thap, man e, chu ng kham kho, t benh. Khoi lng trung bnh con cai t 180 - 200kg, con c t 250 - 300kg. Bo Viet nam cha co giong thuan c at ten rieng ma goi theo a danh cua mot so tnh co bo tot nh : Bo Thanh Hoa, bo Nghe An, bo Cao bang, bo Phu yen, bo Ba Ra, bo Chau oc, bo vung cao nguyen . Bo ta vang co u iem la thch nghi vi ieu kien chan nuoi Viet nam, nhng xet ve mat nang suat san xuat cha cao : Sc cay keo yeu, san lng sa thap, t le tht xe t 42 - 45%.
3.4. Bo Ta Vang ng
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3.4. Bo Ta Vang ng
3.4. Bo Ta Vang ng
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3.4. Bo Meo Ha Giang
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Cac Giong Bo

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Cac Giong Bo

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MOT SO AC IEM SINH HOC CUA BO

ac iem ve bo may tieu hoa

ac iem ve bo may tieu hoa

ac iem ve bo may tieu hoa

Bo may tieu hoa cua be

Bo may tieu hoa cua bo

Bo may tieu hoa cua bo

Bo may tieu hoa cua bo

Chuyen hoa Nang lng (%) 20 8 6 15 15 10 10

Chuyen hoa Protein (%) 30 15 10 20 20 25 20

1- Cach giam nh tuoi qua rang. ch

2 nam tuoi 3 nam tuoi 4 nam tuoi 5 nam tuoi

1- Cach giam nh tuoi qua rang. ch

1- Cach giam nh tuoi qua rang. ch

Cach xac nh khoi lng bo ch ng

1.1. Bo Holstein Friesian

1.1. Bo Holstein Friesian

1.1. Bo Holstein Friesian

1.1. Bo Holstein Friesian

1.1. Bo Holstein Israel

1.3. Bo Brown Swiss

1.3. Bo Brown Swiss

1.3. Bo Brown Swiss

1.6. Bo Australian Milking Zebu

1.6. Bo Australian Milking Zebu

II. NHOM BO CHUYEN THT

II. NHOM BO CHUYEN THT

Bo Aberdeen Angus 6. Bo Droughmaster 7. Bo Belgian blue

2.3. Bo Brahman trang ng

2.3. Bo Brahman trang ng

2.4. Bo Santa Gertrudis

2.4. Bo Santa Gertrudis

2.4. Bo Santa Gertrudis

2.5. Bo Aberdeen Angus

2.5. Bo Aberdeen Angus

2.5. Bo Aberdeen Angus

2.5. Bo Aberdeen Angus (Red Angus)

2.5. Bo Aberdeen Angus (Red Angus)

2.7. Bo Belgian Blue

2.7. Bo Belgian Blue

2.7. Bo Belgian Blue

2.7. Bo Belgian Blue

2.7. Bo Belgian Blue

2.7. Bo Belgian Blue

2.7. Bo Belgian Blue

2.7. Bo Belgian Blue

2.7. Bo Belgian Blue

III. CAC GIONG BO KIEM DUNG NG NG

3.1. Bo Red Sindhi

3.1. Bo Red Sindhi

3.1. Bo Red Sindhi

3.1. Bo Red Sindhi

3.4. Bo Meo Ha Giang

GII THIEU VE TAI LIEU

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