You are on page 1of 38

TRNG I HC BCH KHOA TP.

H CH MINH
KHOA: KHOA HC NG DNG
NGNH: C K THUT

N MN HC
THIT K K THUT

Gio vin hng dn


Sinh vin thc hin
MSSV

Thnh ph H CH MINH
Thng 12 nm 2006

: TS. V Cng Ha
: L Phi H
: K0304100

TRNG I HC BCH KHOA TP. H CH MINH


KHOA: KHOA HC NG DNG
NGNH: C K THUT

N MN HC
THIT K K THUT

Gio vin hng dn


Sinh vin thc hin
MSSV
Lp

Thnh ph H CH MINH
Thng 12 nm 2006

:
:
:
:

TS. V Cng Ha
L Phi H
K0304100
KU03BCKT

LI NI U
H thng thng trn c s dng kh rng ri vi nhiu ng dng trong cng nghip,
nng nghip, xy dng v sinh hot hng ngy. Mn hc n Thit K K Thut l
c hi cho em tip xc, tm hiu v i vo thit k mt h thng dn ng thc tin,
cng l c hi gip em nm r nhng kin thc hc v hc thm c rt nhiu v
phng php lm vic khi thc hin cng vic thit k, ng thi cng tng bc s
dng nhng kin thc hc vo thc t.
Tp thuyt minh ny ch dng li giai on thit k, cha thc s ti u trong vic
tnh ton cc chi tit my, cha mang tnh kinh t v cng ngh cao v gii hn v kin
thc ca ngi thc hin.
Em xin chn thnh cm n cc thy c gio trong B mn C K Thut cho em c
hi c hc mn hc ny.
Xin chn thnh cm n cc bn trong nhm cng tho lun v trao i nhng thng
tin ht sc qu gi.
Em xin chn thnh cm n thy gio Ts.V CNG HA tn tnh hng dn, gip
em hon thnh cng vic thit k ny.
Sinh vin
L Phi H

TRNG I HC BCH KHOA TP.H CH MINH


KHOA KHOA HC NG DNG
B MN C K THUT
Phng 106 B4, 268 L Thng Kit, Qun 10, Tp. HCM
Tel: (84-8-) 8 660 586
Fax: (84-8-)8 651 211

N MN HC
THIT K K THUT
Sinh vin thc hin
Ngnh o to
Gio vin hng dn
Thi gian thc hin

:
:
:
:

L Phi H
MSSV: K0304100
C K Thut
TS. V Cng Ha
T 11/09/2006 n 11/12/2006

s 5: Thit K H Thng Dn ng Thng Trn


Phng n s: 3

1
2

T1
T2

4
t

t1

Hnh 1: S h thng dn ng

t2

Hnh 2: S ti

9 H thng dn ng thng trn (Hnh 1) bao gm:


1: ng c in 3 pha khng ng b.
2: B truyn ai thang.
3: Hp gim tc bnh rng tr hai cp phn i cp nhanh.
4: Ni trc vng n hi.
5: Thng trn.
9 S liu thit k:
Cng sut trn trc thng trn, P ( kW )

: 3,5

S vng quay trn trc thng trn, n (v / p )

: 45

Thi gian phc v, L (nm)


Quay 1 chiu lm vic 1 ca, ti va p nh

: 8
: Mt nm lm vic 300 ngy,
mt ca lm vic 8 gi.
: (T ,34) ; (0, 7T , 30)

Ch ti
9 Ni dung:

1. Tm hiu h thng dn ng thng trn.


2. Xc nh cng sut ng c v phn phi t s truyn cho h thng truyn
ng.
3. Tnh ton thit k cc chi tit my.
- Tnh ton cc b truyn h.
- Tnh ton cc b truyn trong hp gim tc.
- V s lc tc ng ln cc b truyn v tnh cc lc.
- Tnh ton thit k trc v then.
- Chn ln v ni trc.
- Chn thn my bulng v cc chi tit ph khc.
4. Chn du bi trn v bng dung sai lp ghp.
9 Yu cu:
1. 01 bi thuyt minh.
2. 01 bn v lp A0 v mt bn v chi tit.
9 Tin thc hin:

Tun

Ni dung thc hin

1
2

Nhn bi, ni dung AMH


Tm hiu h thng dn ng thng trn
Xc nh cng sut ng c v phn phi t s truyn cho h thng truyn ng

36
78
9 12
13 14
15

Tnh ton thit k cc chi tit my


V phc tho v hon thnh kt cu trn bn v
V hon thin bn v lp hp gim tc
V 01 bn v chi tit, hon thnh ti liu thit k (thuyt minh v bn v)
Gio vin hng dn duyt v k tn.
Bo v.

n Thit K K Thut

Phn I

Phn I

TM HIU H THNG DN NG THNG TRN


1. Khi nim:
H thng thng trn l mt h thng chuyn dng trn, o cc nguyn vt
liu vi nhau theo yu cu k thut v nhu cu ca con ngi, nhm to ra cc
hn hp nguyn vt liu cn thit.
Ngy nay, h thng thng trn c s dng trong rt nhiu lnh vc, t bit l
trong cc ngnh cng nghip xy dng, ha thc phm ..

2. Kt cu h thng thng trn:


H thng thng c rt nhiu loi v a dng tu theo mc ch s dng s c h
thng tng ng, thch hp. Nhn chung, h thng c hnh thnh t 3 thnh
phn c bn sau:
- ng c: l ngun pht ng cho h thng.
- Hp gim tc: chuyn cng sut t ng c sang thng trn theo cc ch
tiu k thut v yu cu thit b.
- Thng trn: cha v trn cc nguyn vt liu cn trn.
Trong nhng ngnh s dng thng trn vi qui m v cng sut ln, ngi ta
thng kt hp vi bng ti v cc thit b vn chuyn khc nhm nng cao
nng sut lm vic, mang li hiu qu kinh t cao.

3. ng dng:
Trong mt s lnh vc in hnh nh:
- H thng thng trn nghin xi mng t, trong cng nghip khai
khong.
- H thng thng trn xi mng, ct, to va trong ngnh xy dng.
H thng trn bt, cht lng , cht do, cc nguyn ph liu to cc hn
hp ho cht
- H thng thng trn s dng trong dy chuyn sn xut thc phm v
thc n gia sc.
S dng thng trn s c c nhiu u im:
- Tit kim thi gian v chi ph nhn cng.
- m bo cc yu cu k thut v thnh phn ca sn phm.
- m bo v sinh an ton thc phm.

n Thit K K Thut

Phn I

MT S HNH NH MINH HO V THNG S CA MT S


LOI THNG TRN

Tng cng sut:

18,5(kW ) 45(kW )

Cng sut trn:


25(m

) 75(m

H thng thng trn b tng ca cng ty


CITY NANHAI FOSHAN INCHINA JULONG
CONSTRUCTION MECHINERY CO., LTD

n Thit K K Thut

Phn II

Phn II

XC NH CNG XUT NG C V PHN


PHI T S TRUYN CHO H THNG TRUYN
NG
1. Xc nh ti trng tng ng:
L trng hp ti trng thay i theo bc nn ta c:
2

T
1 Ti ti
1 Pi ti
12 34 + 0, 7 2 30
3,5
Ptd =
=
P
=
= 2, 66 (kW )
n
n
34 + 30
ti
ti
n

(3.10[2])

2. Xc nh cng sut cn thit ca ng c:


4
Hiu sut chung ca h thng: = d k o l
Vi:
d = 0,96 : hiu sut b truyn ai.
k = 0,98 : hiu sut khp ni n hi.
ol = 0,99 : hiu sut mt cp ln.
br = 0,98 : hiu sut b truyn bnh rng.

2
br

Vy: = 0,96 0,98 0,994 0,982 0,87


P
2, 66
= 3, 06 ( kW )
Cng sut cn thit ca ng c: Pct = td =
0,87

3. Phn phi t s truyn cho h thng:


Chn t s truyn s b:
Theo bng 2-2[1] ta chn t s truyn nh sau:
o ai thang: ud = 3
o Hp gim tc hai cp: uh = 11
Nn t s trun s b ca h thng l: usb = 3 11 = 33
Vn tc s b ca ng c l: Vsb = usb n = 33 45 = 1485 (v / p)
Chn ng c:
Ta c: Pct = 3, 06 (kW ) & Vsb = 1485 (v / p ) nn chn ng c khng ng b
3 pha mang s hiu A02-41-4 (bng 2P[1]), c cc thng s k thut sau:
o Cng sut: P = 4, 0 ( kW )
o Vn tc: V = 1450 (v / p )
Phn phi li t s truyn cho h thng:
T s truyn thc u =

V 1450
=
= 32, 22
n
45

n Thit K K Thut

Phn II

Ta tin hnh chia t s truyn theo cc ch tiu: d bi trn, thun li cho


vic ngm bnh rng trong du v trng lng nh nht
Chn t s truyn ai: u d = 3
Khi t s truyn ca hp gim tc l: uh =

32, 22
= 10, 74
3

Tip tc chn t s truyn qua b truyn bnh rng cp nhanh ( un ) v cp


chm ( uc ) vi iu kin: uh = un uc & un = uc (1, 2......1, 4) . Chn:
uc = 2, 77
un = 3,88

4. Xc nh cng sut trn cc trc:


Trc I: P1 = Pdol = 4 0,96 0,99 3,8 (kW )
Trc II: P2 = P dol2 br = 4 0,96 0,99 2 0,98 3, 69 (kW )
Trc III: P3 = P dol3 br2 = 4 0,96 0,993 0,982 3,58 (kW )

5. Tnh s vng quay ca mi trc:


Trc I:
n1 =

ndc 1485
=
= 495 (v / p )
ud
3

n2 =

n1 495
=
= 128 (v / p )
un 3,88

n3 =

n2 127, 6
=
= 46 (v / p )
uc 2, 77

TrcII:

Trc III:

6. Tnh moment xon trn trc v ng c:


Theo cng thc sau:

T=

9,55 106 P
n

(3.4[2])

Vi:
P : cng sut (kW)
n : s vng quay (vng/pht)

Moment xon trn trc ng c:


Tdc =

9,55 106 Pdc 9,55 106 4


=
= 25734 ( Nmm)
ndc
1485

Moment xon trn trc I:


T1 =

9,55 106 P1 9,55 106 3,8


=
= 72927 ( Nmm)
n1
495

Moment xon trn trc II:


T2 =

9,55 106 P2 9,55 106 3, 69


=
= 274675 ( Nmm)
n2
128

n Thit K K Thut

Phn II

Moment xon trn trc III:


T3 =

9,55 106 P3 9,55 106 3,58


=
= 739087 ( Nmm)
n3
46

Bng tng hp kt qu cc thng s cho hp gim tc v b truyn ai


Thng s
Cng sut (kW)
T s truyn
S vng quay (vng/pht)
Moment xon (Nmm)

ng c
4
3
1485
25734

Trc I
3,8

Trc II
3,69
3,88

485
72927

128
274675

Trc III
3,58
2,77
46
739087

Trc I

Trc III
Trc II

n Thit K K Thut

Phn III

Phn III

THIT K B TRUYN AI THANG


9 S liu u vo:
Cng sut
S vng quay
T s truyn

: Pdc = 4 (kW )
: n = 1485 (v / p )
: u =3

1. Da vo s liu trn v hnh 4.22[2] ta chn: ai thang loi A, c lm loi vt


liu tng hp.
Thng s ai thang loi A:
Tn gi
Chiu rng lp trung ha

K hiu
bp

Gi tr
11 (mm)

Chiu rng mt trn

bo

13 (mm)

Chiu cao ai
Khong cch t mt trung ha n th ngoi

bo

8 (mm)
2,8 (mm)

Din tch mt ct ngang


ng knh bnh ai dn

A
d1

yo

81 (mm)
100 200

2. ng knh bnh ai nh s b: d1sb = 1, 2d min = 1, 2 100 = 120(mm)


Theo tiu chun bng 5-15[1] ta chn ng knh bnh ai nh l: d1 = 125(mm)
3. Vn tc bnh ai:

d1n

3,14 125 1485


= 9, 7( m / s )
(5.18[1])
60000
60000
v1 < vmax vi vmax = (30 m 35 m ) nn tha iu kin.
s
s

v1 =

4. Gi s chn h s trt tng i = 0, 01 .


Ta c ng knh bnh ai ln: d 2 sb = ud1 (1 ) = 3 125(1 0, 01) = 371, 25(mm)
Theo tiu chun tra bng 5-15[1] ta chn: d 2 = 360 (mm)
Xc nh li t s truyn u: u =

d2
360
=
= 2,91
d1 (1 ) 125(1 0, 01)

Ch sai lch 3% so vi gi tr chn trc.


5. Gii hn khong cch trc c tnh:
2(d1 + d 2 ) a 0,55(d1 + d 2 ) + h
2(125 + 360) a 0,55(125 + 360) + 8
970( mm) a 274, 75( mm)
Chn s b a = d 2 = 360 (mm) khi u = 2, 91

n Thit K K Thut

Phn III

6. Tnh chiu di ai:


L = 2a +

(d1 + d 2 ) (d 2 d1 ) 2

+
2
4a
3,14(125 + 360) (360 125) 2
= 2 360 +
+
= 1520 (mm)
2
4 360

Theo bng 4-3[2] ta chn ai c chiu di L = 1600 (mm) = 1,6 (m).


7. S vng chy ca ai trong mt giy:
i=

v 9, 7
=
= 6, 0625 ( s 1 ) , [i ] = 10 s 1 nn tha iu kin ny.
L 1, 6

8. Tnh li khong cch trc a:


(d1 + d 2 )
125 + 360
= 1600 3,14
= 838, 2 (mm)
2
2
(d + d 2 ) 125 + 360
= 1
=
= 242,5
2
2
k = L

M
a=
a=

k + k 2 8 2
4

838, 2 + 838, 22 8 242,52


= 330 (mm)
4

Vy gi tr a vn tha mn gii hn gi tr cho php.


9. Gc m bnh ai nh:
1 = 180o 57

(d 2 d1 )
360 125
= 180 57
= 139, 4o = 2, 433 (rad )
a
330

10. Cc h s s dng:
- H s xt n nh hng ca gc m ai: C = 1, 24(1 e /110 ) = 0, 9
1

H s xt n nh hng ca vn tc:
Cv = 1 0, 05(0, 01v 2 1) = 1 0, 05(0, 01 9, 7 2 1) = 1, 003

H s xt n nh hng ca dy ai, chn: C z = 1

H s xt n nh hng ca ch ti trng: Cr = 0,85

H s xt n nh hng ca chiu di dy ai: CL = 6

H s xt n nh hng ca t s truyn u: Cu = 1,14 v u > 2,5

L 6 1600
=
= 1, 0085
Lo
1520

11. Xc nh s dy ai:
Theo th hnh 4.2a[2] ta chn: [Po ] = 2,4 (kW) .
Ta xc nh s dy ai theo cng thc:
z

P1
4
=
= 1,84
[ Po ]C Cv C z Cr CL Cu 2, 4 0,9 1, 003 1 0,85 1, 0085 1,14

Chn s dy ai: z = 2

n Thit K K Thut

Phn III

12. Xc nh lc cng ban u:


Chn ng sut cng ai: o = 1,5 ( N / mm 2 )
Lc cng ban u: Fo = 2 A o = 2 811,5 = 243 ( N )
Fo
= 121,5 ( N )
2
1000 P1 1000 4
Lc vng c ch: Ft =
=
= 412, 4 ( N )
9, 7
v1
Lc vng trn mi dy ai: F=206 (N)

Lc cng trn mi dy ai: F =

13. H s ma st (ti liu 1 trang 159):


f'=

2 F + Ft
'
o
ln o
= 1, 03 f min = f sin(20 ) = 0,35 ( y ta chn gi tr = 1 )
2 Fo Ft
1

H s ma st nh nht b truyn khng b trt trn l: 0,35


14. Lc tc dng ln trc:
1

Fr = 2 Fo sin = 456 ( N )
2

15. Thit k bnh ai:


Do vn tc lm vic v = 9, 7 ( m / s ) (nh hn 25m/s) nn ta chn bnh ai c bng
gang CH12-28. Cc kch thc c chn bng cch tra bng 10-3[1]:
- Chiu rng bnh ai: B = ( Z 1)t + S = 16 + 2 10 = 36 ( mm)
- ng knh ngoi cng ca bnh ai dn:
Dn1 = D1 + 2ho = 360 + 2 3,5 = 367 (mm)

ng knh ngoi cng ca bnh ai b dn:


Dn 2 = D2 + 2ho = 125 + 2 3,5 = 132 (mm)

Cc kch thc ph khc lin quan theo tiu chun, tra bng 10-3[1].

n Thit K K Thut

Phn IV

Phn IV

THIT K B TRUYN BNH RNG


9 Chn vt liu:
Do khng c yu cu no t bit nn ta chn vt liu cho cc cp bnh rng
l ging nhau. Da vo bng 3-6[1] v 3-8[1] ta c bng sau:

Thng s

Bnh rng nh

Bnh rng ln

Tn thp
Gii hn bn ko

Thp 45 (thng ha)


b = 600 ( Nmm 2 )

Thp 35 (thng ha)


b = 500 ( Nmm 2 )

Gii hn chy

ch = 300 ( Nmm 2 )

ch = 260 ( Nmm 2 )

rn

HB = 200

HB = 170

I. Tnh ton cp nhanh: bnh rng tr rng nghing phn i.


1. Thng s u vo:
P1 = 3,8 (kW )

Cng sut

T s truyn

: u1 = 3,88

S vng quay

: n1 = 485 (vng/pht)

Tui th

: 19200 (gi)

2. Xc nh ng sut tip v ng sut un cho php:


9 ng sut tip xc cho php:
S chu k tng ng ca bnh ln: (3.4[1])
2

Mi
7
2
2
N td 2 = 60u
niTi = 60 1(1 0,53 + 0, 7 0, 47 )125 19200 = 11 10
M max
n
485
Vi: n2 = 1 =
= 125 (v / p )
u1 3,88
N td 2 > N o ; N o = 107 nn ta chn h s chu k ng sut k N' = 1 cho c hai

bnh rng.
ng sut tip xc cho php ca bnh ln (bng 3-9[1])
[ tx 2 ] = 2, 6 170 = 442 ( N / mm 2 )
ng sut tip xc cho php ca bnh nh (bng 3-9[1])
[ tx1 ] = 2, 6 200 = 520 ( N / mm 2 )
tnh sc bn ta dng tx 2 = 442 ( N / mm 2 )
9 ng sut un cho php:
S chu k tng ng ca bnh ln: (3.8[1])
6

N td 2

Mi
7
6
6
= 60u
niTi = 60 1(1 0,53 + 0, 7 0, 47 )125 19200 = 8, 4 10
M max

n Thit K K Thut
Vi: n2 =

Phn IV

n1 485
=
= 125 (v / p )
u1 3,88

N td 2 > N o ; N o = 5 106 nn ta chn h s chu k ng sut k N' = 1 cho c

hai bnh rng.


Gii hn mi un ca thp 45: 1 = 0, 43 600 = 258 ( N / mm 2 )
Gii hn mi un ca thp 35: 1 = 0, 43 500 = 215 ( N / mm 2 )
Chn h s an ton: n = 1, 5
H s tp trung ng sut chn rng: K = 1,8
V ng sut un thay i theo chu k mch ng nn ta c:
o kn'' (1, 4 1, 6 ) 1k N''

(3.5[1])
[ ]u =

nK
nK
1,5 258 1
Bnh nh: [ ]u1 =
= 143,3 ( N / mm 2 )
1,5 1,8
1,5 215 1
= 119, 4 ( N / mm 2 )
Bnh ln: [ ]u 2 =
1,5 1,8
3. Chn s b h s ti trng: K = Ktt K d = 1,3 (3.19[1])
b
4. Chn s b h s chiu rng bnh rng: A = = 0, 4
A

Vi:
b :chiu rng bnh rng
A : khong cch trc

5. Tnh s b khong cch trc (3.10[1]), chn h s phn nh s tng kh


nng ti ca bnh rng nghing so vi bnh rng thng: ' = 1, 25
2

1, 05 106 KN
3
A (i 1)
[ ] i A ' n2
tx

Vi:
-

i : t s truyn, i = u1 = 3,88

[ ]tx = 422 ( N / mm2 ) : ng sut tip cho php.

n2 =

485
= 125 (v / p) : s vng quay ca bnh rng b dn.
3,88
P 3,8
N= 1=
= 1,9 ( kW )
2
2
2

1, 05 106
1,3 1,9
A (3,88 + 1) 3
125 (mm)

422 3,88 0, 4 1, 25 125


Chn khong cch trc: A = 144 ( mm)

6. Xc nh vn tc vng v chn cp chnh xc ch to bnh rng:


- Vn tc vng:
2 An1
2 144 485
v=

60 1000(i + 1)

60 1000 (3,88 + 1)

= 1,5 (m / s )

(3.17[1])

Vi vn tc ny ta chn cp chnh xc bnh rng l: 9 (bng 3-11[1])


10

n Thit K K Thut

Phn IV

7. Tnh chnh xc h s ti trng K.


Chiu rng bnh rng b = A A = 0, 4 144 = 57, 6 (mm) chn b = 60 ( mm)
ng knh vng ln ca bnh rng nh: d1 =

2 A 2 144
=
= 59 (mm)
i + 1 3,88 + 1

b 60
=
1 , tra bng 3-12[1] ta c: K tt = 1,1
d1 59
Tra bng 3-14[1] ta c: K d = 1, 2

Do : d =

Vy ta c h s ti trng l: K = K tt K d = 1,11, 2 = 1,32 . Kt qu sai lch t so


vi chn s b nn ta chn khong cch trc A chnh xc l: A = 144 ( mm)
8. Xc nh modul, s rng v gc nghing ca rng:
Modul php: mn = (0, 01 0, 02)144 = (1, 44 2,88)mm . Chn: mn = 2mm
Chn s b gc nghing: = 10o , cos = 0,985
2 A cos 2 144 0,985
Tng s rng ca hai bnh rng: Z t = Z1 + Z 2 =
=
= 142
mn

S rng ca bnh nh: Z1 =

Zt
142
=
= 29
i + 1 3,88 + 1

Theo bng 3.15[1], Z1 = 29 tha mn iu kin khng b ct chn rng.


S rng bnh ln: Z 2 = iZ1 = 3,88 29 = 112,52 . Chn: Z 2 = 113
Tnh chnh xc gc nghing (3.28[1]):
cos =

Z t mn (29 + 113)2
=
= 0,9861 = 9, 6o
2A
2 144

Chiu rng bnh rng b tha mn iu kin:


b = 60 >

2,5mn 2,5 2
=
30 (mm)
sin
0,167

9. Kim nghim sc bn un ca rng:


S rng tng ng (3.37[1]):
29
= 30
(0,9861)3
113
=
= 118
(0,9861)3

Bnh nh: Z td 1 =
Bnh ln: Z td 2

H s dng rng: (bng 3.18[1]):


Bnh nh: y1 = 0, 451
Bnh ln: y2 = 0,517
Ly h s: h s phn nh s tng kh nng ti ca bnh rng nghing so
vi bnh rng thng: ' = 1, 25
19,1 106 KN
[ ]u
Kim tra ng sut un (3.34[1]): u =
ymn2 Znb ''

19,1106 1,32 1,9


= 25 ( N / mm 2 ) . Tha mn
Bnh nh: u1 =
2
0, 451 2 29 485 60 1, 25
iu kin u1 < [ ]u1 = 143,3 ( N / mm2 )

11

n Thit K K Thut

Phn IV

Bnh ln: u 2 = u1

y1 25 0, 451
=
= 21,53 ( N / mm 2 ) . Tha mn iu kin
y2
0,517

u 2 < [ ]u 2 = 119, 4 ( N / mm2 )

10. Kim tra bn khi qu ti t ngt:


ng sut tip xc cho php (3.34[1]):
Bnh nh: [ ]txqt1 = 2,5 520 = 1300 ( N / mm 2 )
Bnh ln: [ ]txqt 2 = 2,5 442 = 1105 ( N / mm 2 )
ng sut un cho php (3.46[1]):
Bnh nh: [ ]uqt1 = 0,8 300 = 240 ( N / mm 2 )
Bnh ln: [ ]uqt 2 = 0,8 260 = 208 ( N / mm 2 )
Kim tra qu ti tip xc (3.38 v 3.42[1]):
tx =

1, 05 106
Ai

tx =

(i + 1)3 KN
[ tx ]
'bn2

1, 05 106 (3,88 + 1)31,8 3,8


= 545 ( N / mm2 ) .
144 3,88
1, 25 60 125

Tha mn iu kin ng sut tip. Vi K = 1,8 l h s qu ti.


Kim tra bn un: (3.38 v 3.42[1]):
Bnh nh: uqt1 = 25 1,8 = 45 ( N / mm2 )
Bnh ln: uqt 2 = 21,52 1,8 = 38,8 ( N / mm2 )
u tha mn iu kin bn un.
11. Bng tng hp thng s bnh rng cp nhanh phn i:

Thng s

Bnh rng nh
(Bnh dn)

Bnh rng ln
(Bnh b dn)
m=2

Modul
S rng

Z1 = 29

Z 2 = 113

Gc n khp

n = 20

Gc nghing
ng knh vng chia

= 9, 6o
d1 = 59 (mm)

d 2 = 229 (mm)

A = 144( mm)

Khong cch trc


Chiu rng bnh rng
ng knh vng nh
ng knh vng chn

b1 = 30 (mm)

b2 = 30 (mm)

De1 = 63 (mm)

De 2 = 232 (mm)

Di1 = 54 ( mm)

Di 2 = 224 (mm)

12. Tnh lc tc dng ln trc (3.50[1]):


Lc vng: P =

2 9,55 106 3,8


= 2523 ( N )
59 485

12

n Thit K K Thut

Phn IV

2523 tg 20o
= 931 ( N )
cos 9, 6o
Lc dc trc: Pa = 2523 tg 9, 6o = 427 ( N )

Lc hng tm: Pr =

II. Tnh ton cp chm: bnh rng tr rng thng.


1. Thng s u vo:
Cng sut
T s truyn
S vng quay
Tui th

: P1 = 3,67 (kW)
: u2 = 2, 77
: n2 = 125 (vng/pht)
: 19200 (gi)

2. Xc nh ng sut tip v ng sut un cho php:


9 ng sut tip xc cho php:
S chu k tng ng ca bnh ln: (3.4[1])
2

Mi
7
2
2
N td 2 = 60u
niTi = 60 1(1 0,53 + 0, 7 0, 47 ) 46 19200 = 4 10
M
max
n
125
Vi: n2 = 1 =
= 46 (v / p )
u1 2, 77
N td 2 > N o ; N o = 107 nn ta chn h s chu k ng sut k N' = 1 cho c hai

bnh rng.
ng sut tip xc cho php ca bnh ln (bng 3-9[1])
[ tx 2 ] = 2, 6 170 = 442 ( N / mm 2 )
ng sut tip xc cho php ca bnh nh (bng 3-9[1])
[ tx1 ] = 2, 6 200 = 520 ( N / mm 2 )
tnh sc bn ta dng tx 2 = 442 ( N / mm 2 )
9 ng sut un cho php:
S chu k tng ng ca bnh ln: (3.8[1])
6

N td 2

Mi
7
6
6
= 60u
niTi = 60 1(1 0,53 + 0, 7 0, 47 ) 46 19200 = 3,1 10
M max

Vi: n2 =

n1 485
=
= 125 (v / p )
u1 3,88

N td 2 > N o ; N o = 5 106 nn ta chn h s chu k ng sut k N' = 1 cho c

hai bnh rng.


Gii hn mi un ca thp 45: 1 = 0, 43 600 = 258 ( N / mm 2 )
Gii hn mi un ca thp 35: 1 = 0, 43 500 = 215 ( N / mm 2 )
Chn h s an ton: n = 1, 5
H s tp trung ng sut chn rng: K = 1,8
V ng sut un thay i theo chu k mch ng nn ta c:
o kn'' (1, 4 1, 6 ) 1k N''

(3.5[1])
[ ]u
nK

nK

13

n Thit K K Thut

Phn IV
1,5 258 1
= 143,3 ( N / mm 2 )
1,5 1,8
1,5 215 1
=
= 119, 4 ( N / mm 2 )
1,5 1,8

Bnh nh: [ ]u1 =


Bnh ln: [ ]u 2

3. Chn s b h s ti trng: K = Ktt K d = 1,3

(3.19[1])

4. Chn s b h s chiu rng bnh rng: A =

b
= 0, 4
A

Vi:
b :chiu rng bnh rng
A : khong cch trc.

5. Tnh s b khong cch trc (3.9[1]):


2

1, 05 106 KN
A (i 1) 3
[ ] i A n2
tx

Vi:
-

i : t s truyn, i = u2 = 2, 77

[ ]tx = 422( N / mm2 ) : ng sut tip cho php.

n2 =

N = 3,58 ( kW )

125
= 46 (v / p ) : s vng quay ca bnh b dn.
2, 77
2

1, 05 106 1,3 3, 67
3
A (2, 77 + 1)
222 (mm) . Chn: A = 266 ( mm)

422 2, 77 0, 4 46

6. Tnh vn tc vng ca bnh rng v chn cp chnh xc ch to bnh rng:


- Vn tc vng:
2 An1
2 226 125
v=

60 1000(i + 1)

60 1000 (2, 77 + 1)

= 0, 785 (m / s )

(3.17[1])

Vi vn tc vng ny ta chn cp chnh xc ch to bnh rng l 9


(bng 3-11[1]).

7. Tnh chnh xc h s ti trng ng K:


Chiu rng bnh rng b: b = A A = 0, 4 226 = 90, 4 (mm) . Chn: b = 90 ( mm)
ng knh vng ln bnh rng nh: d1 =

2 A 2 226
=
= 120 (mm)
i + 1 2, 77 + 1

b
90
=
0, 75 , tra bng 3-12[1] ta c: K tt = 1, 05
d1 120
Tra bng 3-13[1] ta c: K d = 1,1

Do : d =

Vy ta c h s ti trng l: K = K tt K d = 1, 05 1,1 = 1,12 sai lch nhiu so vi


chn s b ban u nn ta tnh li khong cch trc (3.21[1]):
A = Asb 3

K
1,12
= 226 3
= 215 (mm)
1,3
K sb

14

n Thit K K Thut

Phn IV

8. Xc nh modul, s rng v gc nghing ca rng:


Modul php: mn = (0, 01 0, 02)215 = (2,15 4,3)mm . Chn: mn = 3mm .
2A
2 215
(3.24[1])
=
= 38
m(i 1) 3(2, 77 + 1)
S rng ca bnh rng ln: Z 2 = Z1u2 = 38 2, 77 = 105,3 . Chn: Z 2 = 105

S rng ca bnh rng nh: Z1 =

B rng bnh rng: b = A A = 0, 4 215 = 86 (mm) .


9. Kim nghim sc bn un ca rng:
H s dng rng (bng 3-18[1]):
Bnh nh: y1 = 0, 476
Bnh ln: y2 = 0,517
ng sut un ti chn rng bnh rng nh:
u1 =

19,1 106 KN
19,1 106 1,12 3, 67
=
= 27, 7 ( N / mm 2 ) .
2
2
ym Zn2b
0, 764 3 38 125 86

Tha mn iu kin: u1 < [ ]u1 = 143,3 ( N / mm2 )


ng sut un ti chn rng bnh rng ln:
u 2 = u1

y1 27, 7 0, 476
=
= 25,5 ( N / mm 2 ) .
y2
0,517

Tha mn iu kin: u 2 < [ ]u 2 = 119, 4 ( N / mm2 )


10. Bng tng hp thng s hnh hc ch yu ca b truyn cp chm:

Thng s
Modul
S rng

Bnh rng dn

Bnh rng b dn
m=3

Z1 = 38

Z 2 = 105

= 20o

Gc n khp
ng knh vng chia
Khong cch trc
Chiu rng bnh rng
ng knh vng nh rng

De1 = 120 (mm)

De 2 = 321 (mm)

ng knh vng chn rng

Di1 = 106,5 (mm)

Di 2 = 307,5 (mm)

d1 = 114 (mm)
d 2 = 315 (mm)
A = 214, 5 ( mm)
b = 86 ( mm)

11. Tnh lc tc dng ln trc:


2M x 2 9,55 106 3,58
=
= 4920 ( N )
d
114 125
Lc hng tm: Pr = P tg = 4920 tg 20o = 1790 ( N )

Lc vng: P =

15

n Thit K K Thut

Phn V

Phn V

THIT K TRC V CHN THEN


Chn vt liu cho trc: chn vt liu lm trc l thp 45, CT6. Theo bng s
liu 7-1[1] ta c:
- [ ] = 70 ( N / m 2 )
- b 600 ( N / mm 2 )
- 1 260 ( N / mm 2 )
- [ ] = 35 (MPa) : ng sut xon cho php (trang 115 [1]).

I. Thit k trc:
9 Tnh s b ng knh ca cc trc (7.1[1]):
Mx
72927
=3
22 (mm)
- Trc I: d sb1 = 3
0, 2[ ]x
0, 2 35
Vi: moment xon: M x = 72927 ( N / mm 2 )
-

Mx
274675
=3
34 (mm)
0, 2[ ]x
0, 2 35
Vi: moment xon: M x = 274675 ( N / mm 2 )
Trc II: d sb 2 = 3

Mx
739087
=3
47 (mm)
0, 2[ ]x
0, 2 35
Vi: moment xon: M x = 739087 ( N / mm 2 )
Ta chn tr s d sb 45 (mm) xc nh . y, ta chn loi bi
mt dy c trung bnh, s hiu 309 c b rng B = 25 (mm), (bng 14P [1])
-

Trc III: d sb3 = 3

9 Tnh gn ng chiu di trc:


tnh chiu di ca trc ta chn cc kch thc sau:
Khe h gia cc bnh rng
Khe h gia bnh rng v thnh trong ca hp

: 10 ( mm )
: 10 ( mm )

Khe h gia thnh trong ca hp v mt bn ca ln : 10 ( mm )


Chiu rng ln
: 25 ( mm )
Chiu rng bch (bng 10.10a[1]), chn bulng M12

: 23 ( mm )

Khe h gia bulng v bnh ai

: 10 ( mm )

Theo m hnh bn v phc hp gim tc trang sau ta xc nh s b chiu


di mi trc theo cc kch thc: a, b, c, d, e, l.
y, ta phi lm bc chn du bo v m trong b phn , chng ta
khng th dng du bn to bi trn b phn v vn tc vng ca bnh
rng thp hn 3 (m/s).

16

n Thit K K Thut

Phn V

Hnh v phc tho hp gim tc.

1. Trc I:
9 Thng s u vo ca trc I:
Cng sut
S vng quay
Moment xon

: 3,8 ( kW )
: 485 ( vng/pht )
: 72927 ( N/mm )

o Tnh s b ng knh trc:

Mx
72927
=3
22 (mm)
(7.1[1])
0, 2[ ]x
0, 2 35
Theo tiu chun (trang 133[1]) ta chn d = 25 (mm) , chn bi c trung
bnh mang s hiu 308 (bng 14P[1]), vi b rng : B = 23( mm) .
d sb1 = 3

o Xc nh chiu di trc dng cho tnh ton:


- l = 70 ( mm)
- e = 55 ( mm)
- c = 75 ( mm)
o Cc lc tc dng:
- Lc cng ai: Rd = 456 ( N )
-

Lc vng:
P=

2 9,55 106 3, 78
P
= 2523 ( N ) P11 = P12 = = 1261,5 ( N )
59 485
2

Lc hng tm:
2523 tg 20o
P
Pr =
= 931 ( N ) Pr11 = Pr21 = r = 465,5 ( N )
o
cos 9, 6
2

Lc dc trc:
Pa = 2523 tg 9, 6o = 427 ( N ) Pa11 = Pa21 =

Pa
= 213,5 ( N )
2

17

n Thit K K Thut
P11

Phn V
P12
M1

1
a1

2
a1

1
r1

55

2
r1

55

150

70

Rd

Mx ( Nmm)

25575

25575

29218

94565

76190

31920

My ( Nmm)

Mz ( Nmm)

3643,5
72927
S phn tch lc ca trc I

o Xc nh moment tng ng theo thuyt bn IV v tnh li ng knh


trc ti cc im A, B, C, D, E.
9 Ti A: M td = 0
9 Ti B: M td = 292182 + 761902 + 0, 75 36463,52 = 87497 ( Nmm)
dB

M td
87497
=3
= 23, 2 (mm)
0,1[ ]
0,1 70

9 Ti C: M td = 292182 + 945652 + 0, 75 72927 2 = 117410 ( Nmm)


dC

M td
117410
=3
= 25, 6 (mm)
0,1[ ]
0,1 70

9 Ti D: M td = 02 + 319202 + 0,75 72927 2 = 70765 ( Nmm)


dD

M td
70765
=3
= 21, 6 ( mm)
0,1[ ]
0,1 70

9 Ti E: M td = 02 + 02 + 0,75 72927 2 = 63157 ( Nmm)


dE

M td
63157
=3
= 20,8 (mm)
0,1[ ]
0,1 70

9 Da vo cc iu kin trn v cng ngh ta chn cc thng s trc I


theo tiu chun ( trang 133 [1]) nh sau:
d A = 25 (mm); d B = 30 (mm)

dC = 30 (mm); d D = 25 (mm)
d E = 22 ( mm)

18

n Thit K K Thut

Phn V

2. Trc II:
9 Thng s u vo ca trc II:
Cng sut
S vng quay
Moment xon

: 3,69 (kW)
: 128 (vng/pht)
: 274675 (N/mm)

o Tnh s b ng knh trc:


Mx
274675
d sb 2 = 3
=3
34 (mm)
(7.1[1])
0, 2[ ]x
0, 2 35
Theo tiu chun (trang 133[1]) ta chn d = 40 (mm) , chn bi c trung
bnh mang s hiu 308 (bng 14P[1]), vi b rng : B = 23( mm) .
o Xc nh chiu di trc dng tnh ton:
- e = 55 ( mm)
- c = 75 ( mm)
- d = 2(e + c) = 2(55 + 75) = 260 ( mm)
o Cc lc tc dng:
- Lc tc dng ti v tr hai bnh rng ngoi:
P
2

2523
0,98 = 1236 ( N )
2
P
931
Lc hng tm: Pr12 = Pr22 = r br =
0,98 = 456 ( N )
2
2
P
427
Lc dc trc: Pa12 = Pa22 = a br =
0,98 = 209 ( N )
2
2

Lc vng: P21 = P22 = br =

- Lc tc dng ti v tr bnh rng gia:

2M x 2 9,55 106 3,58


=
= 4920 ( N )
d
114 125
Lc hng tm: Pr = P tg = 4920 tg 20o = 1790 ( N )

Lc vng: P =

o Tnh moment tng ng theo thuyt bn IV v tnh li ng knh trc ti


cc im A, B, C, D, E. Theo s phn tch lc trang sau:
- Ti A: M td = 0
- Ti B: M td = 763752 + 2032802 + 0, 75 1402202 = 248810 ( Nmm)
dB

M td
=
0,1[ ]

248810
= 32,8 (mm)
0,1 70

- Ti C: M td = 1434822 + 3877802 + 0, 75 1402202 = 430937 ( Nmm)


dC

M td
=
0,1[ ]

430937
= 39, 48 (mm)
0,1 70

- Ti D: M td = 763752 + 2032802 + 0, 75 1402202 = 248801 ( Nmm)


dD

M td
248801
=3
= 32,8 (mm)
0,1[ ]
0,1 70

19

n Thit K K Thut

Phn V

- Ti E: M td = 0
Pa12

z
x

P21

Pr

P22

1
r2

55

Pa22

D
55

150

143482

Pr22

76375

76375
24145

24145

Mx ( Nmm)
My ( Nmm)

203280

203280
387780

Mz ( Nmm)

140220
140220
S phn tch lc trc II
9 Da vo cc s liu trn v xut pht t nhng yu cu v lp ghp v tnh
cng ngh ta chn cc thng s trc II theo tiu chun (trang 133[1]), ring
thng s ti A ta chn ng knh theo moment tng ng tnh ti mt
ct pha bn tri im B nh trn s phn tch lc trc II. Ta c:
M td = 241452 + 2032802 + 0, 75 02 = 204709 ( Nmm)
dA

M td
=
0,1[ ]

204709
= 30,8 (mm)
0,1 70

T ta chn ng knh nh sau:


d A = 35 (mm)
d B = 40 (mm)
dC = 45 (mm)
d D = 40 (mm)
d E = 35 (mm)

20

n Thit K K Thut

Phn V

3. Trc III:
9 Thng s u vo:
Cng sut
S vng quay
Moment xon

: 3,58 (kW)
: 46 (vng/pht)
: 739087 (N/mm)

o Tnh s b ng knh trc:


Mx
739087
d sb3 = 3
=3
47 (mm)
0, 2[ ]x
0, 2 35
Theo tiu chun (trang 133[1]) ta chn d = 50 (mm) , chn bi c trung
bnh mang s hiu 310 (bng 14P[1]), vi b rng : B = 27 (mm)
o Xc nh chiu di trc dng cho tnh ton (theo s v phc):
- a = 130 ( mm)
- b = 130 ( mm)
- d = 90 ( mm)
o Cc lc tc dng:
-

2M x 2 9,55 106 3,58


=
= 4920 ( N )
114 125
d
Lc hng tm: Pr = P tg = 4920 tg 20o = 1790 ( N )

Lc vng: P =

130

Pr

130

90
Mx ( Nmm)

116350
319800
My ( Nmm)

759465

Mz ( Nmm)

S phn tch lc trc III


21

n Thit K K Thut

Phn V

o Tnh moment tng ng theo thuyt bn IV v tnh li ng knh trc ti


cc v tr: A, B, C, D.
- Ti A: M td = 0
-

Ti B: M td = 1163502 + 3198002 + 0, 75 7594652 = 740540 ( Nmm)


dB

Ti C: M td = 02 + 02 + 0, 75 7594652 = 657176 ( Nmm)


dC

M td
740540
=3
= 47, 29 (mm)
0,1[ ]
0,1 70

M td
657176
=3
= 45, 46 (mm)
0,1[ ]
0,1 70

Ti D: M td = 02 + 02 + 0, 75 7594652 = 657176 ( Nmm)


dD

M td
657176
=3
= 45, 46 (mm)
0,1[ ]
0,1 70

o Theo s liu tnh ton, tiu chun lp ghp v tnh cng ngh, theo tiu
chun (trang 133[1]) ta chn cc kch thc trc nh sau:
d A = 55 (mm)

d B = 60 (mm)
dC = 55 (mm)
d D = 50 (mm)

9 Kim nghim trc:


H s an ton c tnh theo cng thc sau:
n n
n=
[n]
(7.5[1])
n + n
Vi:
o n : h s an ton ch xt ring ng sut php:

n =

a + m

(7.6[1])

o n : h s an ton ch xt ring ng sut tip:

n =

1
a + m

(7.6[1])

o 1 : gii hn mi un
1 (0, 4 0,5) b
o 1 : gii hn mi xon
1 (0, 2 0,3) b
o a : bin ng sut php

22

n Thit K K Thut

a =

Phn V

max min

2
o a : bin ng sut tip

a = max min
2
o m : tr s trung bnh ca ng sut php
+ min
m = max
2
o m : tr s trung bnh ca ng sut tip
+
m = max min
2

Do ng sut xon thay i theo chu k mch ng nn: a = m =

max
2

Mx
2Wo

bt (d t )
(7.3a)
32
2d
d 3 bt (d t )2

(7.3a)
o Wo : moment cn xon. Wo
16
2d
2 o
o : h s ng sut. = 1
o
2
o : h s sc bn mi. = 1 o
o
Da vo tiu chun ca vt liu ch to trc v cc bng tra ta chn cc s liu
sau:
1 (0, 4 0,5) b = 0, 45 600 = 270( Nmm2 )
o W : moment cn un. W

1 (0, 2 0,3) b = 0, 25 600 = 150( Nmm 2 )


0,1
0,05
=1
Theo bng 7.4[1] ta chn: = 0,86; = 0,75
Theo bng 7.8[1] ta chn: k = 1,63; k = 1,5
Tp trung ng sut do lp cng, chn p sut l 30 ( Nmm 2 ) , tra bng 7-8[1] ta
c:

= 2,5

= 1 + 0,6 1 = 1,9

23

n Thit K K Thut

Phn V

Bng tng hp kt qu:


Thng s

Trc I

Trc II

Trc III

Mt ct nguy him
M x (Nmm)
M u (Nmm)
W (bng 7.3b[1])
Wo (bng 7.3b[1])

C-C
72927
98976
2320
4970
40

C-C
274675
413474
7800
16740
48

B-B
759465
340308
18760
40000
16

7,3

8,2

9,5

2,7
10
2,6

2,25
7,2
2,1

6,75
6,2
4,56

a ( Nmm2 )
a = m ( Nmm2 )
n
n
n

Ta thy cc h s an ton u tha. Cc h s an ton cho php thng chn t


1,5 2,5

II. Thit k v chn then:


9 y, chng ta chn then bng theo TCVN cho tt c cc mi ghp then. Chn
tit din v rnh then theo TCVN 149 64 (bng 7-23[1]). Chn chiu di then
theo TCVN 150 64 (bng 7-24[1]).
9 iu kin bn dp trn mt cnh ca then khi lm vic c tnh theo cng
thc:
d =

2M x
[ ]d , ( N / mm 2 )
dtl

(7.11[1])

9 iu kin bn ct ca then:
c =

2M x
[ ]c , ( N / mm 2 )
dbl

(7.12[1])

9 Theo bng 7-20[1] v 7-21[1] ta chn:


[ ]d = 100 ( N / mm2 )
[ ]c = 87 ( N / mm2 )

1. Trc I:

Moment xon cn truyn: M x = 72927 ( Nmm)


Ta lp bng nh sau:
V tr
B
C
E

d (mm)

b h (mm)

30
30
22

10 8
10 8
8 7

t (mm)
4,5
4,5
4, 0

l (mm)

d ( N / mm 2 )

c ( N / mm 2 )

28
28
32

38, 6
38, 6
51,8

17, 4
17, 4
25,9

Vy cc then trn trc I u m bo bn.


24

n Thit K K Thut

Phn V

2. Trc II:

Moment xon cn truyn: M x = 274675( Nmm)


Ta lp bng nh sau:
V tr
B
C
D

d (mm)

b h (mm)

40
45
40

12 8
14 9
12 8

t (mm)
4,5
5, 0
4,5

l (mm)

d ( N / mm 2 )

c ( N / mm 2 )

32
70
32

95, 4
34,9
95, 4

35, 7

12,5

l (mm)

d ( N / mm 2 )

c ( N / mm 2 )

70
55

65,8
98, 6

20,1
30, 7

35, 7

Vy cc then trn trc II u m bo bn.


3. Trc III:

Moment xon cn truyn: M x = 759465( Nmm)


Ta lp bng nh sau:
V tr
B
D

d (mm)

b h (mm)

60
50

18 11
18 11

t (mm)
5,5
5,5

Vy cc then trn trc III u m bo bn.

25

n Thit K K Thut

Phn VI

Phn VI:

CHN LN V NI TRC
I. Chn ln:
9 Theo cu to ca hp gim tc, do khng c lc dc trc nn ta chn bi
mt dy cho tt c cc trc.
1. Trc I:
465,5 (N)

465,5 (N)

D
x

1384,3 (N)

683,7 (N)
S chn cho trc I

o Phn lc ti A: FA = 465,52 + 1383, 7 2 = 1460 ( N )


o Phn lc ti D: FD = 465,52 + 683, 7 2 = 827 ( N )
Tnh gi cho A v A c lc ln.
Xc nh h s lm vic ca ln: C = Q(nh)0,3
Vi:
Q : ti trng tng ng, (daN). Q = 146 (dnN )
n : s vng quay, (vng/pht). n = 485
h : thi gian phc v, (gi). h = 19200
C = 146(485 19200)0,3 = 17992

Tra bng 14P[1], ng vi ng knh 25(mm) chn bi c trung k hiu


305. C:
ng knh ngoi
: 62 (mm)
B rng
: 17 (mm)
C
: 27000
2. Trc II:
439 (N)

439 (N)

E
x
3696 (N)

3696 (N)

S chn cho trc II

26

n Thit K K Thut

Phn VI

o Phn lc ti A: FA = 4392 + 36962 = 3722 ( N )


o Phn lc ti E: FE = 4392 + 36962 = 3722 ( N )
Tnh gi cho A v E.
Xc nh h s lm vic ca ln: C = Q(nh)0,3
Vi:
Q : ti trng tng ng, (daN). Q = 372, 2 (dnN )
n : s vng quay, (vng/pht). n = 128
h : thi gian phc v, (gi). h = 19200
C = 372, 2(128 19200)0,3 = 30756

Tra bng 14P[1], ng vi ng knh 35(mm) chn bi c trung k hiu


307. C:
ng knh ngoi
: 80 (mm)
B rng
: 21 (mm)
C
: 40000
3. Trc III:
877 (N)

877 (N)

C
x

2411 (N)

2411 (N)

S chn cho trc III


o Phn lc ti A: FA = 877 2 + 24112 = 2566 ( N )
o Phn lc ti C: FC = 877 2 + 24112 = 2566 ( N )
Tnh gi cho A v C.
Xc nh h s lm vic ca ln: C = Q(nh)0,3
Vi:
Q : ti trng tng ng, (daN). Q = 256, 6 (dnN )
n : s vng quay, (vng/pht). n = 46
h : thi gian phc v, (gi). h = 19200
C = 256, 6(46 19200)0,3 = 15598

Tra bng 14P[1], ng vi ng knh 50(mm) chn bi c nh, rng va


k hiu 110. C:
ng knh ngoi
B rng

: 80 (mm)
: 15 (mm)

: 25000

27

n Thit K K Thut

Phn VI

II. Ni trc n hi:


9 Ni trc n hi gm hai na ni trc lp c nh vi hai trc v b phn
n hi ghp hai na ni trc vi nhau. Ngoi kh nng b c cc sai
lch ca trc nh bin dng ca cc chi tit n hi, ni trc n hi cn c
th:
Gim va p v chn ng.
phng c cng hng do dao ng xon gy nn
Trong mt s trng hp s dng ni trc n hi lm tng tui th ca
c cu chu tc ng ca ti trng ng nhiu ln.
9 Trong bi ny ta s dng ni trc vng n hi c cu to tng t nh ni
trc a nhng c thay bng cht c bc vng n hi bng cao su.
Vt liu lm ni trc: thp rn 35
Vt liu lm cht: thp 45 thng ha.
Ni trc vng n hi n gin d ch to v gi r nn c dng rng ri.
9 Tin hnh chn thng s ca b ni trc n hi theo bng 9.11[1] ta c:
ng knh trc (d)
ng knh a (D)
Chiu di b ni ( l )
ng knh cht ( d c )

:
:
:
:

48(mm)
190(mm)
112(mm)
18(mm)

Chiu di cht ( lc )

42(mm)

Ren
S lng cht (Z)
ng knh ngoi ca vng n hi
Chiu di ton b vng n hi ( lv )

:
:
:
:

M 12
10
35(mm)
36(mm)

9 Kim nghim sc bn dp ca vng cao su (cng thc 9.22[1])


d =

2 KM x
[ ]d
ZDolv d c

Vi:
- [ ]d = 2 ( N / mm2 )
- K = 1, 2 : h s ti trng ng (bng 9.1[1])
- M x = 739 ( Nm)
- Do = D do = 190 36 = 154 (mm)
d =

2 1, 25 739 103
= 1,85 ( N / mm 2 ) : tha iu kin sc bn dp.
10 154 18 36

9 Kim nghim sc bn un ca cht (cng thc 9.23[1])


u =

KM x lc
[ ]u , chn [ ]u = (60 80) N / mm 2
0,1ZDo d c3

u =

1, 25 739 103 42
= 43, 2 ( N / mm 2 ) : tha iu kin sc bn un.
0,110 154 183

28

n Thit K K Thut

Phn VII

Phn VII

CHN THN MY, BULNG, CC CHI TIT


MY, BI TRN V DUNG SAI LP GHP
I. Cu to v hp:
9 Chn v hp c, vt liu lm v hp l gang xm
m bo cho cng ngh ch to v lp rp, ta chia v hp thnh hai phn:
np v thn.
Mt phn chia phi i qua ng tm ca cc trc, thn v np hp c ghp
vi nhau bng bulng, mt bch lp ghp phi c gia cng phng.
Phn np c ca quan st s n khp ca rng sau khi lp rp v rt du bi
trn, c l thng hi v l lp bulng vng vic di chuyn hp gim tc
c d dng. Phn thn c thc o du bi trn, phn y phi c c sao
cho nghing 1o 2o vic tho du d dng v thun tin hn.
9 Kch thc v hp:
Bng 10.9[1] cho php ta xc nh c kch thc cc phn t cu to nn v
hp nh sau:
Chiu dy thnh thn hp
Chiu dy thnh np hp
Chiu dy mt bch di ca thn
Chiu dy mt bch trn ca np
Chiu dy y hp khng c phn li
Chiu dy gn thn hp
Chiu dy gn np hp
Chiu dy phn bch y
ng knh bulng nn
ng knh bulng cnh
ng knh bulng ghp np vo thn
ng knh bulng ghp np
ng knh bulng ghp np ca thm

:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:

9 (mm)
8 (mm)
15 (mm)
13 (mm)
10 (mm)
8 (mm)
7 (mm)
20 (mm)
20 (mm)
16 (mm)
10 (mm)
8 (mm)
6 (mm)

Vi khong cch trc 144 x 214 tra bng 10.11a[1] v 10.11b[1] ta chn bulng
vng M16 vi s lng l 2 ci.
Chn s b chiu di hp L = 600 (mm)
Chn s b chiu rng hp B = 350 (mm)
S lng bulng nn n: n =

L+B
600 + 350
= 3,8 . Chn n = 4
=
200 300
250

II. Bi trn hp gim tc:


9 Bi trn b truyn bnh rng: do vn tc nh nn ta chn phng php ngm
bnh rng trong hp du, mc du thp nht phi ngp chn rng ca bnh rng
dn trc I, nh vy s c hao ph nng lng do lc cn ca du, tuy nhin do
vn tc bnh rng trong hp nh (v = 0,785m/s) nn hao ph khng ng k.
29

n Thit K K Thut

Phn VII

Theo bng 10.17[1] chn nht ca du bi trn bnh rng l 116 centistc
hoc 16 Engle v theo bng 10.20[1] chn loi du AK20.
9 Bi trn ln: b phn c bi trn bng m, v vn tc b truyn bnh
rng thp nn du khng th bn te ln . Ta c th dng m loi T ng vi
nhit lm vic t 60o C 100o C v vn tc di 1500 vng/pht (bng 8.28).
Lng m cha 2/3 ch trng ca b phn .

III. Dung sai lp ghp:


Cn c vo yu cu lm vic ca tng chi tit trong hp gim tc ta chn cc
kiu lp ghp sau:
9 Dung sai ln:
Vng trong ln chu ti tun hon, lp ghp theo h thng l. vng
khng trt trn b mt trc khi lm vic nn ta chn mi ghp trung gian c
di rt nh h6 theo h thng trc.
Vng ngoi lp theo h thng l, vng ngoi khng quay nn chu ti cc b,
c th dch chuyn dc trc mt lng nh khi lm vic, khi nhit tng
trong qu trnh lm vic nn chn kiu lp trung gian H7.
9 Dung sai lp ghp bnh rng v bnh ai:
B truyn chu ti va p nh, mi lp khng yu cu phi tho lp thng
xuyn nn chn kiu lp H7/m6.
9 Lp ghp np v thn:
Do mi lp cn tho lp d dng v c th iu chnh c nn chn kiu lp
lng H7/e8.
9 Lp ghp vng chn du trn trc:
d dng tho lp ta chn kiu lp trung gian H7js6.
9 Lp cht nh v:
Chn kiu lp cht m bo ng tm cao v khng b ng sut: H7u8
9 Lp ghp then:
Theo chiu rng chn kiu lp trn trc l P9/h9
Trn cc chi tit my nh bnh rng, khp ni ... chn kiu lp Js9/h9.
Theo chiu cao sai lch gii hn kch thc then l h11
Theo chiu di sai lch gii hn kch thc then l h14.

IV. Chn cc chi tit my ph khc:


1. Np ln:
o Chn kch thc np :
Da theo cc ng knh vng ngoi ca v bng 10-10b [1], ta chn
kch thc ca np, b dy np xc nh theo b dy ca v hp gim
tc.
o Tc dng ca np ln:
C nh trc theo phng dc trc: c nh trc theo phng dc trc
c th dng np ln v iu chnh khe h ca bng cc tm kim loi
gia np v thn hp gim tc, np lp vi thn hp gim tc bng
vt, loi ny d ch to v d lp ghp.
30

n Thit K K Thut

Phn VII

Che kn ln: che kn cc u trc ra, trnh s xm nhp ca bi


bm v tp cht vo , cng nh ngn m chy ra ngoi, y dng loi
vng pht l n gin nht ( bng 8-29 trang 203 [1])
2. Vng pht:
C tc dng ngn khng cho du hoc m chy ra ngoi hp gim tc v ngn
khng cho bi t bn ngoi vo bn trong hp gim tc. Chn vng pht theo
tiu chun ISO 6194.
3. Vng chn du: C tc dng khng cho du v m tip xc nhau
4. Cht nh v:
C tc dng nh v chnh xc v tr ca np v thn ca hp gim tc, dng 2
cht nh v m khi xit bu lng khng lm bin dng vng ngoi ca , do
loi tr c mt trong nhng nguyn nhn lm chng hng v gip cho vic
lp ghp hp gim tc c d dng hn.
Cht nh v dng cht cn theo ISO 2339 c lm bng thp CT3
5. Np ca thm:
C tc dng kim tra, quan st cc chi tit my trong hp gim tc khi lp
ghp v khi du vo trong hp, quan st s an khp gia cc bnh rng. Ca
thm c y bng np.
Np ca thm c ch to kt hp vi b phn thng hi tay cm.
Kch thc np ca thm c ly theo tiu chun bng 10-12[2]
6. Bulong tch np v thn:
o Dng tch np v thn.
o Chn bulong M10 x 40 tiu chun ISO 4014
7. Que thm du:
o L chi tit dng kim tra mc du trong hp gim tc.
o Kch thc c chn theo tiu chun (trang 289 [2]).
8. Nt tho du:
o Dng tho du c, bn ra khi hp gim tc
o Chn loi nt theo tiu chun DIN 910, kch thc M20 x 2.

31

n Thit K K Thut

TI LIU THAM KHO


1. Nguyn Trng Hip, Nguyn Vn Lm_ Thit K Chi Tit My _ Nh xut bn
gio dc, 2005.
2. Nguyn Hu Lc _ C s Thit K My _ Nh xut bn i hc quc gia
TP.H Ch Minh, 2004
3. Phan Th Bch Nga _ Bi tp C ng Dng _ Nh xut bn i hc quc gia
TP.H Ch Minh, 2003.
4. Trn Hu Qu _ V K Thut C Kh, tp mt _ Nh xut bn gio dc, 2004.
5. Trn Hu Qu, ng Vn C, Nguyn Vn Tun _ V K Thut C Kh, tp
hai _ Nh xut bn gio dc, 2004.
6. Nguyn B Dng, Nguyn Vn Lm, Hong Vn Ngc, L c Phong _,Tp
Bn V Chi Tit My _ Nh xut bn Trung hc chuyn nghip, H Ni, 1978

n Thit K K Thut

MC LC
Tn

Trang

Phn I.

Tm hiu h thng dn ng thng trn

Phn II.

Xc nh cng sut ng c v phn phi t s truyn cho h thng

Phn III.

Thit k b truyn ai thang

Phn IV.

Thit k b truyn bnh rng

Phn V.

Thit k trc v chn then

16

Phn VI.

Chn ln v ni trc

26

Phn VII.

Chn thn my, bulng, cc chi tit my, bi trn v dung sai

29

You might also like