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LI NI U
gip cho Gio vin v hc sinh n tp, luyn tp v vn dng cc kin
thc vo vic gii cc bi tp trc nghim mn ha hc v c bit khi gii nhng
bi tp cn phi tnh ton mt cch nhanh nht, thun li nht ng thi p ng
cho k thi tuyn sinh i hc v cao ng.
Chng ti xin trn trng gii thiu cun : 10 phng php gii nhanh trc
nghim ha hc v 25 thi th tuyn sinh i hc v cao ng.
Cu trc ca cun sch gm 3 phn:
Phn I: 10 phng php gii nhanh trc nghim ha hc.
mi phng php gii nhanh trc nghim ha hc chng ti u trnh by
phn hng dn gii mu chi tit nhng bi tp trc nghim kh, gip hc sinh c
cch nhn nhn mi v phng php gii bi tp trc nghim tht ngn gn trong
thi gian nhanh nht, bo m tnh chnh xc cao. gii bi tp trc nghim
nhanh trong vng t 1-2 pht chng ta phi bit phn loi v nm chc cc
phng php suy lun. Vic gii bi tp trc nghim khng nht thit phi theo
ng qui trnh cc bc gii, khng nht thit phi s dng ht cc d kin u
bi v i khi khng cn vit v cn bng tt c cc phng trnh phn ng.
Phn II: 25 thi th tuyn sinh i hc, cao ng. Cc thi c xy
dng vi ni dung a dng phong ph vi hm lng kin thc hon ton nm
trong chng trnh ha hc THPT theo qui nh ca B Gio dc v o to. B
thi c kh tng ng hoc cao hn cc c s dng trong cc k
thi tuyn sinh i hc v cao ng gn y.
Phn III: p n ca b 25 thi gii thiu phn II.
Chng ti hi vng cun sch ny s l mt ti liu tham kho b ch cho gio
vin v hc sinh THPT.
Chng ti xin chn thnh cm n nhng kin ng gp xy dng ca Qu
Thy,C gio, cc ng nghip v bn c.
Cc tc gi.
H Ni thng 1 nm 2008
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Phn th nht
Hng dn gii
Cc phn ng kh st oxit c th c:
t
3Fe2O3 + CO
2Fe3O4 + CO2
(1)
t
Fe3O4 + CO
3FeO + CO2
(2)
t
FeO + CO
Fe + CO2
(3)
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11,2
= 0,5 mol.
22,5
B. 0,15 mol.
C. 0,4 mol.
Hng dn gii
Ta bit rng c 3 loi ru tch nc iu kin H2SO4 c, 140oC th to
thnh 6 loi ete v tch ra 6 phn t H2O.
Theo LBTKL ta c
m H2O = m r-u - m ete = 132,8 - 11,2 = 21,6 gam
n H 2O =
21,6
= 1,2 mol.
18
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C. 27,19% v 72,81%.
D. 78,88% v 21,12%.
Hng dn gii
Fe + 6HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + 3NO2 + 3H2O
Cu + 4HNO3 Cu(NO3)2 + 2NO2 + 2H2O
n NO2 = 0,5 mol n HNO3 = 2n NO2 = 1 mol.
= 12 +
1 63 100
- 46 0,5 = 89 gam.
63
3x + 2y = 0,5
y = 0,1
%m Fe( NO3 )3 =
%m Cu( NO3 )2 =
B. 15 gam.
PC. 26 gam.
Hng dn gii
M2CO3 + 2HCl 2MCl + CO2 + H2O
R2CO3 + 2HCl 2MCl2 + CO2 + H2O
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D. 30 gam.
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n CO2 =
4,88
= 0,2 mol
22,4
mmui = 26 gam. (p n C)
B. 56,72%.
C. 54,67%.
PD. 58,55%.
Hng dn gii
to
KClO3
to
Ca(ClO3 )2
o
t
83,68 gam A Ca(ClO2 )2
CaCl
2
KCl
(A)
KCl +
3
O2
2
(1)
CaCl2 + 3O2
(2)
CaCl2 + 2O2
(3)
CaCl 2
KCl ( A )
123
h2 B
n O2 = 0,78 mol.
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CaCl2 + K 2CO3
CaCO3 + 2KCl (4)
Hn hp B 0,18 0,18
0,36 mol hn hp D
KCl
KCl ( B)
(B)
m KCl ( A ) =
m KCl pt (1) = m KCl (B) - m KCl (A) = 38,74 - 8,94 = 29,8 gam.
29,8
122,5 = 49 gam.
74,5
%m KClO3 ( A ) =
49 100
= 58,55%. (p n D)
83,68
C. C8H12O3.
D. C6H12O6.
Hng dn gii
1,88 gam A + 0,085 mol O2 4a mol CO2 + 3a mol H2O.
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c:
m CO2 + m H 2O = 1,88 + 0,085 32 = 46 gam
Ta c:
Trong cht A c:
nC = 4a = 0,08 mol
nH = 3a2 = 0,12 mol
nO = 4a2 + 3a - 0,0852 = 0,05 mol
8
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0,1
M R OH =
0,2
0,1
0,2 mol
6,4
= 32 Ru CH3OH.
0,2
meste =
13,56
meste
100
1,6 100
= 11,8 gam Meste = 118 vC
13,56
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PD. C B, C u ng.
Hng dn gii
t cng thc trung bnh tng qut ca hai este n chc ng phn l
RCOOR .
RCOOR + NaOH RCOONa + ROH
11,44
11,08
5,56 gam
n NaOH =
M RCOONa =
M R OH =
M RCOOR =
11,08
= 85,23 R = 18,23
0,13
5,56
= 42,77 R = 25,77
0,13
11,44
= 88
0,13
hoc
B. 1,443 lt.
D. 0,672 lt.
Hng dn gii
Phn 1: V anehit no n chc nn n CO2 = n H 2O = 0,06 mol.
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B. 16,04%.
C. 13,04%.
D.6,01%.
Hng dn gii
0,04 mol hn hp A (FeO v Fe2O3) + CO 4,784 gam hn hp B + CO2.
CO2 + Ba(OH)2 d BaCO3 + H2O
n CO2 = n BaCO3 = 0,046 mol
n CO ( p.- ) = n CO2 = 0,046 mol
%mFeO =
%Fe2O3 = 86,96%. (p n A)
MT S BI TP VN DNG GII THEO PHNG PHP
S DNG NH LUT BO TON KHI LNG
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01. Ha tan 9,14 gam hp kim Cu, Mg, Al bng mt lng va dung dch HCl
thu c 7,84 lt kh X (ktc) v 2,54 gam cht rn Y v dung dch Z. Lc b
cht rn Y, c cn cn thn dung dch Z thu c lng mui khan l
A. 31,45 gam. B. 33,99 gam. C. 19,025 gam. D. 56,3 gam.
02. Cho 15 gam hn hp 3 amin n chc, bc mt tc dng va vi dung dch
HCl 1,2 M th thu c 18,504 gam mui. Th tch dung dch HCl phi dng l
A. 0,8 lt.
B. 0,08 lt.
C. 0,4 lt.
D. 0,04 lt.
03. Trn 8,1 gam bt Al vi 48 gam bt Fe2O3 ri cho tin hnh phn ng nhit
nhm trong iu kin khng c khng kh, kt thc th nghim lng cht rn
thu c l
A. 61,5 gam.
B. 56,1 gam.
C. 65,1 gam.
D. 51,6 gam.
04. Ha tan hon ton 10,0 gam hn hp X gm hai kim loi (ng trc H trong
dy in ha) bng dung dch HCl d thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 (ktc). C cn
dung dch sau phn ng thu c lng mui khan l
A. 1,71 gam.
B. 17,1 gam.
C. 13,55 gam.
D. 34,2 gam.
B. 8,62%.
C. 50,2%.
D. 62,5%.
06. Cho 4,4 gam hn hp hai kim loi nhm IA hai chu k lin tip tc dng vi
dung dch HCl d thu c 4,48 lt H2 (ktc) v dung dch cha m gam mui
tan. Tn hai kim loi v khi lng m l
A. 11 gam; Li v Na.
C. 18,6 gam; Na v K.
D. 12,7 gam; Na v K.
07. t chy hon ton 18 gam FeS2 v cho ton b lng SO2 vo 2 lt dung dch
Ba(OH)2 0,125M. Khi lng mui to thnh l
A. 57,40 gam. B. 56,35 gam. C. 59,17 gam.
D.58,35 gam.
08. Ha tan 33,75 gam mt kim loi M trong dung dch HNO3 long, d thu c
16,8 lt kh X (ktc) gm hai kh khng mu ha nu trong khng kh c t khi
hi so vi hiro bng 17,8.
a) Kim loi l
A. Cu.
B. Zn.
C. Fe.
D. Al.
B. 3,00 lt.
C. 3,35 lt.
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D. 3,45 lt.
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09. Ho tan hon ton 15,9 gam hn hp gm 3 kim loi Al, Mg v Cu bng dung
dch HNO3 thu c 6,72 lt kh NO v dung dch X. em c cn dung dch X
thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?
A. 77,1 gam.
B. 71,7 gam.
C. 17,7 gam.
D. 53,1 gam.
10. Ha tan hon ton 2,81 gam hn hp gm Fe2O3, MgO, ZnO trong 500 ml
axit H2SO4 0,1M (va ). Sau phn ng, hn hp mui sunfat khan thu c
khi c cn dung dch c khi lng l
A. 6,81 gam.
B. 4,81 gam.
C. 3,81 gam.
D. 5,81 gam.
p n cc bi tp vn dng:
1. A
2. B
3. B
4. B
5. D
6. B
7. D
8. a-D, b-B
9. B
10. A
Phng php 2
BO TON MOL NGUYN T
C rt nhiu phng php gii ton ha hc khc nhau nhng phng php
bo ton nguyn t v phng php bo ton s mol electron cho php chng ta
gp nhiu phng trnh phn ng li lm mt, qui gn vic tnh ton v nhm
nhanh p s. Rt ph hp vi vic gii cc dng bi ton ha hc trc nghim.
Cch thc gp nhng phng trnh lm mt v cch lp phng trnh theo phng
php bo ton nguyn t s c gii thiu trong mt s v d sau y.
V d 1: kh hon ton 3,04 gam hn hp X gm FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3 cn 0,05
mol H2. Mt khc ha tan hon ton 3,04 gam hn hp X trong dung
dch H2SO4 c thu c th tch kh SO2 (sn phm kh duy nht)
iu kin tiu chun l
A. 448 ml.
C. 336 ml.
D. 112 ml.
Hng dn gii
Thc cht phn ng kh cc oxit trn l
O H2O
H2
0,05
0,05 mol
(1)
13
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3,04 - 0,05 16
= 0,04 mol
56
n Fe =
x + 3y + 2z = 0,04 mol
(2)
x/2
y
tng: n SO2 =
Vy:
y/2
x + y 0,2
=
= 0,01 mol
2
2
Hng dn gii
Thc cht phn ng kh cc oxit trn l
CO + O CO2
H2 + O H2O.
Khi lng hn hp kh to thnh nng hn hn hp kh ban u chnh l
khi lng ca nguyn t Oxi trong cc oxit tham gia phn ng. Do vy:
mO = 0,32 gam.
14
nO =
0,32
= 0,02 mol
16
(n
+ n H 2 = 0,02 mol .
CO
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16,8 = m + 0,32
m = 16,48 gam.
C. 20,8 gam.
D. 16,8 gam.
Hng dn gii
n hh (CO+ H2 ) =
2,24
= 0,1 mol
22,4
n O = n CO + n H2 = 0,1 mol .
mO = 1,6 gam.
C. 0,64 gam.
D. 0,46 gam.
Hng dn gii
t
CnH2n+1CH2OH + CuO
CnH2n+1CHO + Cu + H2O
o
Khi lng cht rn trong bnh gim chnh l s gam nguyn t O trong CuO
phn ng. Do nhn c:
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15
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mO = 0,32 gam n O =
Hn hp hi gm:
0,32
= 0,02 mol
16
: 0,02 mol.
H 2O
B. 0,7 lt.
D. 1 lt.
Hng dn gii
mO = moxit - mkl = 5,96 - 4,04 = 1,92 gam.
nO =
1,92
= 0,12 mol .
16
VHCl =
0,24
= 0,12 lt. (p n C)
2
B. 11,2 lt.
D. 4,48 lt.
Hng dn gii
Axit cacbonxylic n chc c 2 nguyn t Oxi nn c th t l RO2. Vy:
n O ( RO2 ) + n O (CO2 ) = n O (CO2 ) + n O ( H 2O)
16
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n O2 = 0,3 mol
C. Fe2O3; 65%.
D. Fe3O4; 65%.
Hng dn gii
FexOy + yCO
xFe + yCO2
Kh thu c c M = 40 gm 2 kh CO2 v CO d
n CO2
44
12
40
n CO
Mt khc:
28
n CO2
n CO ( p.- ) = n CO2 =
75
0,2 = 0,15 mol nCO d = 0,05 mol.
100
n CO
%VCO2 = 75% .
n Fe
x 0,1 2
= =
=
n CO2 y 0,15 3
Fe2O3. (p n B)
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B. 49,8 gam.
C. 74,7 gam.
D. 100,8 gam.
Hng dn gii
Gi M l kim loi i din cho ba kim loi trn vi ho tr l n.
M +
n
O2 M2On
2
(1)
(2)
n O2 = 0,5 mol
n Cl- = 2 mol
B. 0,008.
C. 0,01.
PD. 0,012.
Hng dn gii
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a = 0,028 mol.
(1)
1
n FeO + n Fe2O3
3
d=
1
( b + c)
3
(2)
(3)
a + 2b + c + 3d = 0,07
T (1, 2, 3, 4)
(4)
b = 0,006 mol
c = 0,012 mol
d = 0,006 mol. (p n A)
B. 5,4 gam.
D. 3,6 gam.
Hng dn gii
C. 11,2 gam.
D. 16,04 gam.
Hng dn gii
Fe3O4
(FeO, Fe)
3Fe2+
n mol
n Fe ( trong FeSO4 ) = n SO2 - = 0,3 mol
4
19
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n Fe ( Fe3O4 ) = n Fe ( FeSO4 )
3n = 0,3
n = 0,1
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
PD. CH3OH v C3H5OH.
Hng dn gii
t cng thc tng qut ca mt trong ba ete l CxHyO, ta c:
mC =
0,72
0,72
12 = 0,48 gam ; m H =
2 = 0,08 gam
44
18
B. 32,0 gam.
C. 16,0 gam.
D. 48,0 gam.
02. Cho kh CO i qua ng s cha 16 gam Fe2O3 un nng, sau phn ng thu
c hn hp rn X gm Fe, FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3. Ha tan hon ton X bng
20
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B. 32 gam.
C. 40 gam.
D. 48 gam.
B. 6,72 gam.
C. 16,0 gam.
D. 11,2 gam.
B. 2,8 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 3,92 lt.
05. Ho tan hon ton a gam hn hp X gm Fe v Fe2O3 trong dung dch HCl
thu c 2,24 lt kh H2 ktc v dung dch B. Cho dung dch B tc dng
dung dch NaOH d, lc ly kt ta, nung trong khng kh n khi lng
khng i thu c 24 gam cht rn. Gi tr ca a l
A. 13,6 gam.
B. 17,6 gam.
C. 21,6 gam.
D. 29,6 gam.
B. 1,344 lt.
C. 1,568 lt.
D. 2,016 lt.
07. Hn hp A gm Mg, Al, Fe, Zn. Cho 2 gam A tc dng vi dung dch HCl d
gii phng 0,1 gam kh. Cho 2 gam A tc dng vi kh clo d thu c 5,763
gam hn hp mui. Phn trm khi lng ca Fe trong A l
A. 8,4%.
B. 16,8%.
C. 19,2%.
D. 22,4%.
B. 78,4 lt.
C. 84,0 lt.
D. 56,0 lt.
09. Ho tan hon ton 5 gam hn hp 2 kim loi X v Y bng dung dch HCl thu
c dung dch A v kh H2. C cn dung dch A thu c 5,71 gam mui khan.
Hy tnh th tch kh H2 thu c ktc.
A. 0,56 lt.
B. 0,112 lt.
C. 0,224 lt
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D. 0,448 lt
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D. 16,04 gam.
p n cc bi tp vn dng:
1. D
2. C
3. C
4. D
5. C
6. C
7. B
8. A
9. C
10. C
Phng php 3
BO TON MOL ELECTRON
Trc ht cn nhn mnh y khng phi l phng php cn bng phn ng
oxi ha - kh, mc d phng php thng bng electron dng cn bng phn
ng oxi ha - kh cng da trn s bo ton electron.
Nguyn tc ca phng php nh sau: khi c nhiu cht oxi ha, cht kh
trong mt hn hp phn ng (nhiu phn ng hoc phn ng qua nhiu giai on)
th tng s electron ca cc cht kh cho phi bng tng s electron m cc cht
oxi ha nhn. Ta ch cn nhn nh ng trng thi u v trng thi cui ca cc
cht oxi ha hoc cht kh, thm ch khng cn quan tm n vic cn bng cc
phng trnh phn ng. Phng php ny c bit l th i vi cc bi ton cn
phi bin lun nhiu trng hp c th xy ra.
Sau y l mt s v d in hnh.
V d 1: Oxi ha hon ton 0,728 gam bt Fe ta thu c 1,016 gam hn hp hai
oxit st (hn hp A).
22
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A. 2,24 ml.
C. 33,6 ml.
D. 44,8 ml.
D. 33,04. lt
Hng dn gii
1. Cc phn ng c th c:
t
2Fe + O2
2FeO
(1)
t
2Fe + 1,5O2
Fe2O3
(2)
t
3Fe + 2O2
Fe3O4
(3)
Cc phn ng ha tan c th c:
3FeO + 10HNO3 3Fe(NO3)3 + NO- + 5H2O
(4)
(5)
(6)
+3
+5
0,728
3 = 0,039 mol.
56
(7)
t
2Al + Fe2O3
2Fe + Al2O3
(8)
t
8Al + 3Fe3O4
9Fe + 4Al2O3
(9)
(10)
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(11)
0
5,4 3
= 0,009 4 + n 2
27
Fe0 Fe+2
Al0 Al+3
O20 2O-2
n = 0,295 mol
2H+ H2
D. 6,72 lt.
Hng dn gii
Tm tt theo s :
Fe2O3 to
ha tan hon ton
0,81 gam Al +
hn hp A
VNO = ?
dung dch HNO3
CuO
N+5 + 3e
0,09 mol
N+2
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Nhn xt: Phn ng nhit nhm cha bit l hon ton hay khng hon ton
do hn hp A khng xc nh c chnh xc gm nhng cht no nn vic
vit phng trnh ha hc v cn bng phng trnh phc tp. Khi ha tan hon
ton hn hp A trong axit HNO3 th Al0 to thnh Al+3, nguyn t Fe v Cu c
bo ton ha tr.
C bn s thc mc lng kh NO cn c to bi kim loi Fe v Cu trong
hn hp A. Thc cht lng Al phn ng b li lng Fe v Cu to thnh.
V d 3: Cho 8,3 gam hn hp X gm Al, Fe (nAl = nFe) vo 100 ml dung dch Y
gm Cu(NO3)2 v AgNO3. Sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c cht rn
A gm 3 kim loi. Ha tan hon ton cht rn A vo dung dch HCl d
thy c 1,12 lt kh thot ra (ktc) v cn li 28 gam cht rn khng tan
B. Nng CM ca Cu(NO3)2 v ca AgNO3 ln lt l
A. 2M v 1M.
PB. 1M v 2M.
C. 0,2M v 0,1M.
D. kt qu khc.
Tm tt s :
Al
8,3 gam hn hp X
+ 100 ml dung dch Y
Fe
(n Al = n Fe )
+ HCl d Cht rn A
Z
]
(3 kim loi)
: x mol
AgNO3
Cu(NO3 )2 :y mol
1,12 lt H 2
2,8 gam cht rn khng tan B
Hng dn gii
Ta c:
nAl = nFe =
8,3
= 0,1 mol.
83
Fe Fe2+ + 2e
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0,1
0,3
0,1
0,2
Cu2+ + 2e Cu
2y
2H+ + 2e H2
0,1
0,05
(1)
108x + 64y = 28
(2)
C M AgNO3 =
0,2
0,1
= 2M; C M Cu( NO3 )2 =
= 1M. (p n B)
0,1
0,1
C. 50% v 50%.
D. 46% v 54%.
Hng dn gii
t nMg = x mol ; nAl = y mol. Ta c:
24x + 27y = 15. (1)
Qu trnh oxi ha:
Mg Mg2+ + 2e
Al Al3+ + 3e
2x
3y
26
2N+5 + 2 4e 2N+1
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0,3
0,1
0,8
0,2
N + 1e N
S + 2e S
0,1
0,2
+5
+4
+6
+4
0,1
0,1
%Al =
27 0,2
100% = 36%.
15
B. 21 lt.
PC. 33 lt.
D. 49 lt.
Hng dn gii
V n Fe > n S =
30
nn Fe d v S ht.
32
Fe2+ + 2e
Fe
60
mol
56
S+4 +
30
mol
32
60
mol
56
4e
4
30
mol
32
+ 4e 2O-2
x mol 4x
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Ta c: 4x =
60
30
2 + 4 gii ra x = 1,4732 mol.
56
32
VO2 = 22,4 1,4732 = 33 lt. (p n C)
D. 0,672 lt.
Hng dn gii
Trong bi ton ny c 2 th nghim:
TN1: R1 v R2 nhng e cho Cu2+ chuyn thnh Cu sau Cu li nhng
+5
+2
+2
N + 3e
0,15
1,12
= 0,05
22,4
+5
2 N + 10e N 02
10x x mol
Ta c:
Hng dn gii
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Mg = Mg + 2e
Al = Al + 3e
x x 2x
y y 2y
z z 3z
+5
Thu e:
Ta c:
3+
2+
2+
Cu = Cu + 2e
+2
+5
+4
N + 3e = N (NO)
N + 1e = N (NO2)
0,03 0,01
0,04 0,04
n H 2O = 0,06 mol
B. 4,48 lt.
D. 3,36 lt.
Hng dn gii
t nFe = nCu = a mol 56a + 64a = 12 a = 0,1 mol.
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Cho e:
Fe Fe3+ + 3e
0,1
Nhn e:
Cu Cu2+ + 2e
0,3
0,1
N+5 + 3e N+2
0,2
N+5 + 1e N+4
3x x
Mt khc:
3x + y = 0,5
30x + 46y = 192(x + y).
x = 0,125 ; y = 0,125.
Vhh kh (ktc) = 0,125222,4 = 5,6 lt. (p n C)
C. 2,62 gam.
D. 2,32 gam.
Hng dn gii
HNO3 d m gam Fe + O2 3 gam hn hp cht rn X
0,56 lt NO.
Fe Fe3+ + 3e
m
56
Nhn e:
O2
3m
mol e
56
4e
2O2-
3- m
4(3 - m)
mol e
32
32
N+5 + 3e
N+2
3m
4(3 - m)
=
+ 0,075
56
32
m = 2,52 gam. (p n A)
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- Phn 1: Ha tan hon ton trong dung dch cha axit HCl v H2SO4
long to ra 3,36 lt kh H2.
- Phn 2: Tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 thu c V lt kh
NO (sn phm kh duy nht).
Bit cc th tch kh o iu kin tiu chun. Gi tr ca V l
PA. 2,24 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
Hng dn gii
t hai kim loi A, B l M.
- Phn 1: M + nH+ Mn+ +
n
H2
2
(1)
(2)
N+5 + 3e
N+2
Hng dn gii
Ta c:
S ng cho:
42 - 30 = 12
NO2 : 46
42
NO : 30
46 - 42 = 4
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n NO2 : n NO = 12 : 4 = 3
n NO = 0,1 mol
v Fe - 3e Fe3+
3x
%VNO = 25%
%VNO2 = 75%
N+5 + 3e N+2
N+5 + 1e N+4
0,3 0,1
0,3 0,3
V d 12: Cho 3 kim loi Al, Fe, Cu vo 2 lt dung dch HNO3 phn ng va
thu c 1,792 lt kh X (ktc) gm N2 v NO2 c t khi hi so vi He
bng 9,25. Nng mol/lt HNO3 trong dung dch u l
PA. 0,28M.
B. 1,4M.
C. 1,7M.
D. 1,2M.
Hng dn gii
Ta c:
M X = 9,25 4 = 37 =
(M
N2
+ M NO2
nX
= 0,04 mol
2
NO3- + 10e N2
NO3- + 1e NO2
0,04 0,04 0,04 mol
M Mn+ + n.e
0,04 mol
Nhn nh mi: Kim loi nhng bao nhiu electron th cng nhn by nhiu
gc NO3- to mui.
32
n HNO3 ( to mui ) = n.e ( nh-ng ) = n.e ( nhn ) = 0,04 + 0,4 = 0,44 mol.
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Do :
[ HNO3 ] =
0,56
= 0,28M. (p n A)
2
V d 13: Khi cho 9,6 gam Mg tc dng ht vi dung dch H2SO4 m c, thy
c 49 gam H2SO4 tham gia phn ng, to mui MgSO4, H2O v sn
phm kh X. X l
A. SO2
PC. H2S
B. S
D. SO2, H2S
Hng dn gii
Dung dch H2SO4 m c va l cht oxi ha va l mi trng.
Gi a l s oxi ha ca S trong X.
Mg Mg2+ + 2e
0,4 mol
S+6 + (6-a)e S a
0,8 mol
0,1 mol
0,1(6-a) mol
49
= 0,5 (mol)
98
C. 22,4 gam.
D. 25,3 gam.
Hng dn gii
S mol Fe ban u trong a gam: n Fe =
S mol O2 tham gia phn ng: n O2 =
a
mol.
56
75,2 - a
mol.
32
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Fe Fe3+ + 3e
a
3a
mol
mol
56
56
S mol e nhng: n e =
(1)
3a
mol
56
Qu trnh kh:
O2 + 4e 2O-2
(2)
(3)
75,2 - a
3a
+ 2 0,3 =
32
56
a = 56 gam. (p n A)
B. 7,28 gam
C. 4,24 gam
Hng dn gii
Da vo s ng cho tnh c s mol NO v NO2 ln lt l 0,01 v
0,04 mol. Ta c cc bn phn ng:
NO3- + 4H+ + 3e NO + 2H2O
NO3- + 2H+ + 1e NO2 + H2O
Nh vy, tng electron nhn l 0,07 mol.
Gi x, y, z ln lt l s mol Cu, Mg, Al c trong 1,35 gam hn hp kim loi.
Ta c cc bn phn ng:
Cu Cu2+ + 2e
Mg Mg2+ + 2e
Al Al3+ + 3e
2x + 2y + 3z = 0,07.
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B. 1,35 gam.
C. 0,81 gam.
D. 8,1 gam.
B. 13,03%.
C. 31,03%.
D. 68,97%.
03. Mt hn hp gm hai bt kim loi Mg v Al c chia thnh hai phn bng nhau:
- Phn 1: cho tc dng vi HCl d thu c 3,36 lt H2.
- Phn 2: ho tan ht trong HNO3 long d thu c V lt mt kh khng mu,
ho nu trong khng kh (cc th tch kh u o ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 5,6 lt.
B. 0,4M.
C. 0,42M.
D. 0,45M.
C. 5,07 gam.
D. 8,15 gam.
07. Ha tan hon ton m gam hn hp gm ba kim loi bng dung dch HNO3 thu
c 1,12 lt hn hp kh D (ktc) gm NO2 v NO. T khi hi ca D so vi
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hiro bng 18,2. Tnh th tch ti thiu dung dch HNO3 37,8% (d = 1,242g/ml)
cn dng.
A. 20,18 ml.
B. 11,12 ml.
C. 21,47 ml.
D. 36,7 ml.
08. Ha tan 6,25 gam hn hp Zn v Al vo 275 ml dung dch HNO3 thu c dung
dch A, cht rn B gm cc kim loi cha tan ht cn nng 2,516 gam v 1,12 lt
hn hp kh D ( ktc) gm NO v NO2. T khi ca hn hp D so vi H2 l
16,75. Tnh nng mol/l ca HNO3 v tnh khi lng mui khan thu c
khi c cn dung dch sau phn ng.
A. 0,65M v 11,794 gam.
B. 336 ml.
C. 448 ml.
D. 896 ml.
10. Cho a gam hn hp A gm oxit FeO, CuO, Fe2O3 c s mol bng nhau tc dng
hon ton vi lng va l 250 ml dung dch HNO3 khi un nng nh, thu
c dung dch B v 3,136 lt (ktc) hn hp kh C gm NO2 v NO c t khi so
vi hiro l 20,143. Tnh a.
A. 74,88 gam. B. 52,35 gam. C. 61,79 gam.
D. 72,35 gam.
p n cc bi tp vn dng
1. B
2. B
3. A
4. B
5. C
6. D
7. C
8. A
9. D
10. A
Phng php 4
S DNG PHNG TRNH ION - ELETRON
lm tt cc bi ton bng phng php ion iu u tin cc bn phi nm
chc phng trnh phn ng di dng cc phn t t suy ra cc phng trnh
ion, i khi c mt s bi tp khng th gii theo cc phng trnh phn t c
m phi gii da theo phng trnh ion. Vic gii bi ton ha hc bng phng
php ion gip chng ta hiu k hn v bn cht ca cc phng trnh ha hc. T
mt phng trnh ion c th ng vi rt nhiu phng trnh phn t. V d phn
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Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp 0,1 mol Fe2O3 v 0,1 mol FeO thnh 0,1 mol Fe3O4.
Hn hp X gm: (Fe3O4 0,2 mol; Fe 0,1 mol) tc dng vi dung dch Y
Fe3O4 + 8H+ Fe2+
0,2
+ 2Fe3+ + 4H2O
0,2
0,4 mol
0,1 mol
0,1
0,1 mol
1
n - = 0,05 mol
2 NO3
Vdd Cu ( NO3 )2 =
0,05
= 0,05 lt (hay 50 ml). (p n C)
1
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V d 2: Ha tan 0,1 mol Cu kim loi trong 120 ml dung dch X gm HNO3 1M
v H2SO4 0,5M. Sau khi phn ng kt thc thu c V lt kh NO duy
nht (ktc).
Gi tr ca V l
PA. 1,344 lt. B. 1,49 lt.
C. 0,672 lt.
D. 1,12 lt.
Hng dn gii
n HNO3 = 0,12 mol ;
3Cu
Ban u:
0,1
Phn ng:
0,09
0,24 0,06
0,06 mol
0,06 (d)
V d 3: Dung dch X cha dung dch NaOH 0,2M v dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,1M.
Sc 7,84 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 1 lt dung dch X th lng kt ta thu
c l
A. 15 gam.
PB. 5 gam.
C. 10 gam.
D. 0 gam.
Hng dn gii
n CO2 = 0,35 mol ; nNaOH = 0,2 mol; n Ca (OH )2 = 0,1 mol.
0,4
0,4
0,2 mol
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Ban u:
0,2
Phn ng:
0,15 mol
D. 2,34 gam.
Hng dn gii
Phn ng ca kim loi kim v kim loi kim th vi H2O:
M + nH2O M(OH)n +
n
H2
2
T phng trnh ta c:
n OH - = 2n H 2 = 0,1mol.
0,03
Phn ng:
0,03 0,09
0,1 mol
0,03 mol
n OH - ( d- ) = 0,01mol
V d 5: Dung dch A cha 0,01 mol Fe(NO3)3 v 0,15 mol HCl c kh nng ha tan
ti a bao nhiu gam Cu kim loi? (Bit NO l sn phm kh duy nht)
A. 2,88 gam.
B. 3,92 gam.
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D. 5,12 gam.
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Hng dn gii
Phng trnh ion:
Cu + 2Fe3+ 2Fe2+ + Cu2+
0,005 0,01 mol
3Cu
Ban u:
0,15
Phn ng:
0,045
0,03 mol
H+ d
A. 23,3%
C. 43,23%.
D. 31,3%.
Hng dn gii
Phng trnh ion:
Ag+ + Cl- AgCl
Ag+ + Br- AgBr
t:
m Cl- + m Br - = m NO3
x : y = 36 : 53
Chn x = 36, y = 53
%m NaCl =
58,5 36 100
= 27,84%. (p n B)
58,5 36 + 103 53
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Hng dn gii
Dung dch C cha:
n H + = 0,3 mol.
0,2 mol
0,4
Phn ng:
D:
0,1 mol
0,1 0,1
0,3 mol
0,1 mol
0,3
2+
Ba
+ SO4
2-
0,1
0,3 mol
BaSO4
0,1 mol
B. 38,95 gam.
C. 38,97 gam.
D. 38,91 gam.
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b) Th tch V l
PA. 0,39 lt.
B. 0,4 lt.
C. 0,41 lt.
D. 0,42 lt.
c) Lng kt ta l
A. 54,02 gam.
B. 53,98 gam.
n H + = 0,28 mol.
Vy tng
n H + = 0,5 mol
(1)
3 H2
2
(2)
Al + 3H+ Al3+ +
Ta thy
n H + ( p-) = 2n H2
H+ ht.
= 1V mol
= 0,5V mol
SO42-
BaSO4
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(3)
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0,5V mol
2+
Mg
Al
3+
+
+
0,14 mol
2OH-
Mg(OH)2
(4)
Al(OH)3
(5)
3OH
2V = 0,78
V = 0,39 lt. (p n A)
c) Xc nh lng kt ta:
n Ba 2 + = 0,5V = 0,50,39 = 0,195 mol > 0,14 mol Ba2+ d.
Vy
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 2.
Hng dn gii
nHCl = 0,25 mol ; n H 2SO4 = 0,125.
Tng: n H + = 0,5 mol ;
n H2 ( to thnh ) = 0,2375 mol.
0,025
H + =
= 0,1 = 10-1M pH = 1. (p n A)
0,25
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Hng dn gii
TN1:
3,84
= 0,06 mol
n Cu =
64
n H + = 0,08 mol
0,06
Phn ng:
0,08
0,08 mol
H+ phn ng ht
0,02 mol
TN2:
0,06
Phn ng:
0,16
0,08 mol
Cu v H+ phn ng ht
0,04 mol
Nh vy V2 = 2V1. (p n B)
V d 11: (Cu 33 - M 285 - Khi B - TSH 2007)
44
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Trn 100 ml dung dch (gm Ba(OH)2 0,1M v NaOH 0,1M) vi 400
ml dung dch (gm H2SO4 0,0375M v HCl 0,0125M), thu c dung
dch X. Gi tr pH ca dung dch X l
PB. 2.
A. 7.
C. 1.
D. 6.
Hng dn gii
0,035
Phn ng:
0,03 0,03
H2O
0,03 mol
pH = 2. (p n B)
PB. 75 ml.
C. 60 ml.
D. 30 ml.
Hng dn gii
Na + H2O NaOH +
1
H2
2
Ba + 2H2O Ba(OH)2 + H2
n H2 = 0,15 mol, theo phng trnh tng s n OH - (d 2 X ) = 2n H2 = 0,3 mol.
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H+ + OH- H2O
n H + = n OH - = 0,3 mol
VH 2SO4 =
0,15
= 0,075 lt (75 ml). (p n B)
2
B. 0,9 mol.
C. 1,05 mol.
Hng dn gii
Ta c bn phn ng:
NO3- + 2H+ + 1e NO2 + H2O
2 0,15
0,15
(2)
0,1
(1)
(3)
0,05
B. 37,7 gam.
Hng dn gii
Ta c bn phn ng:
2NO3- + 2H+ + 1e NO2 + H2O + NO30,1
-
0,1
0,1
46
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3 0,1
(1)
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(3)
0,1
T (1), (2), (3) s mol NO3 to mui bng 0,1 + 3 0,1 = 0,4 mol;
s mol SO42- to mui bng 0,1 mol.
Hng dn gii
n N 2O = n N 2 =
1,792
= 0,04 mol.
2 22,4
Ta c bn phn ng:
2NO3- + 12H+ + 10e N2 + 6H2O
0,08
0,48
0,04
0,4
0,04
a=
0,88
= 0,22 M.
4
PB. N2
C. NO
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D. NH4+
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Hng dn gii
Ta c:
Gi a l s mol ca NxOy, ta c:
Zn Zn2+ + 2e
Al Al3+ + 3e
0,05
0,1
0,1
0,3
0,04
Vy X l N2. (p n B)
V d 17: Cho hn hp gm 0,15 mol CuFeS2 v 0,09 mol Cu2FeS2 tc dng vi
dung dch HNO3 d thu c dung dch X v hn hp kh Y gm NO
v NO2. Thm BaCl2 d vo dung dch X thu c m gam kt ta. Mt
khc, nu thm Ba(OH)2 d vo dung dch X, ly kt ta nung trong
khng kh n khi lng khng i thu c a gam cht rn. Gi tr
ca m v a l:
PA. 111,84g v 157,44g
B. 111,84g v 167,44g
C. 112,84g v 157,44g
A. 112,84g v 167,44g
Hng dn gii
Ta c bn phn ng:
CuFeS2 + 8H2O - 17e Cu2+ + Fe3+ + 2SO42- + 16+
0,15
0,15
0,15
0,3
0,18
0,09
0,48
48
2Fe Fe2O3
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0,33
0,33
0,24
0,12
V d 18: Ha tan 4,76 gam hn hp Zn, Al c t l mol 1:2 trong 400ml dung
dch HNO3 1M va , dc dung dch X cha m gam mui khan v
thy c kh thot ra. Gi tr ca m l:
A. 25.8 gam.
B. 26,9 gam.
Hng dn gii
nZn = 0,04 mol; nAl = 0,08 mol.
- Do phn ng khng to kh nn trong dung dch to NH4NO3. Trong dung
dch c:
0,04 mol Zn(NO3)2 v 0,08 mol Al(NO3)3
Vy s mol NO3- cn li to NH4NO3 l:
0,4 - 0,04 2 - 0,08 3 = 0,08 mol
- Do trong dung dch to 0,04 mol NH4NO3
m = 0,04 189 + 0,08 213 + 0,04 80 = 27,8 gam. (p n C)
Phng php 5
S DNG CC GI TR TRUNG BNH
y l mt trong mt s phng php hin i nht cho php gii nhanh chng
v n gin nhiu bi ton ha hc v hn hp cc cht rn, lng cng nh kh.
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M=
M1n1 + M 2 n 2 + M 3 n 3 + ...
=
n1 + n 2 + n 3 + ...
M n
n
i
(1)
trong M1, M2,... l KLPT (hoc KLNT) ca cc cht trong hn hp; n1, n2,... l
s mol tng ng ca cc cht.
Cng thc (1) c th vit thnh:
M = M1 .
n1
n
n
+ M 2 . 2 + M 3 . 3 + ...
ni
ni
ni
M = M1x1 + M 2 x 2 + M 3 x 3 + ...
(2)
M=
M1V1 + M 2 V2 + M 3 V3 + ...
=
V1 + V2 + V3 + ...
M V
V
i
(3)
M1n1 + M 2 (n - n1 )
n
(1)
(2)
M1V1 + M 2 (V - V1 )
V
(3)
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Cx H y Oz ; n1 mol
Cx H yO z ; n 2 mol
ta c:
- Nguyn t cacbon trung bnh:
x=
x1n1 + x 2 n 2 + ...
n1 + n 2 + ...
y1n1 + y 2 n 2 + ...
n1 + n 2 + ...
v i khi tnh c c s lin kt p, s nhm chc trung bnh theo cng thc trn.
V d 1: Ha tan hon ton 2,84 gam hn hp hai mui cacbonat ca hai kim loi
phn nhm IIA v thuc hai chu k lin tip trong bng tun hon bng
dung dch HCl ta thu c dung dch X v 672 ml CO2 ( ktc).
1. Hy xc nh tn cc kim loi.
A. Be, Mg.
C. Ca, Ba.
D. Ca, Sr.
B. 2,54 gam.
Hng dn gii
1. Gi A, B l cc kim loi cn tm. Cc phng trnh phn ng l
ACO3 + 2HCl ACl2 + H2O + CO2-
(1)
(2)
0,672
= 0,03 mol.
22,4
2,84
= 94,67
0,03
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B. Cu: 70% ;
63
Cu: 72,5%.
63
Cu: 30%.
65
C. Cu: 72,5% ;
63
D. 65Cu: 30% ;
Cu: 70%.
63
Cu: 27,5%.
Hng dn gii
Gi x l % ca ng v
65
29
Cu ta c phng trnh:
x = 0,275
PB. 20 lt.
C. 30 lt.
D. 40 lt.
Hng dn gii
Cch 1: Gi x l % th tch ca SO2 trong hn hp ban u, ta c:
M = 163 = 48 = 64.x + 32(1 - x)
x = 0,5
52
64 10 + 32(10 + V)
.
20 + V
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Gii ra c V = 20 lt. (p n B)
Cch 2:
Ghi ch: C th coi hn hp kh nh mt kh c KLPT chnh bng KLPT
trung bnh ca hn hp, v d, c th xem khng kh nh mt kh vi KLPT l 29.
Hn hp kh ban u coi nh kh th nht (20 lt c M = 163 = 48), cn O2
thm vo coi nh kh th hai, ta c phng trnh:
M = 2,5 16 = 40 =
48 20 + 32V
,
20 + V
Rt ra V = 20 lt. (p n B)
V d 4: C 100 gam dung dch 23% ca mt axit n chc (dung dch A). Thm
30 gam mt axit ng ng lin tip vo dung dch ta c dung dch B.
Trung ha 1/10 dung dch B bng 500 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M (va
) ta c dung dch C.
1. Hy xc nh CTPT ca cc axit.
PA. HCOOH v CH3COOH.
B. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
C. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH.
D. C3H7COOH v C4H9COOH.
2. C cn dung dch C th thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?
A. 5,7 gam.
C. 5,75 gam.
D. 7,55 gam.
Hng dn gii
1. Theo phng php KLPTTB:
1
23
m RCOOH =
= 2,3 gam,
10
10
1
30
m RCH 2COOH =
= 3 gam.
10
10
M=
2,3 + 3
= 53 .
0,1
Axit duy nht c KLPT < 53 l HCOOH (M = 46) v axit ng ng lin tip
phi l CH3COOH (M = 60). (p n A)
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B. C3H6 v C4H8.
C. C4H8 v C5H10.
D. C5H10 v C6H12.
Hng dn gii
t CTTB ca hai olefin l C n H 2n .
cng iu kin nhit v p sut th th tch t l vi s mol kh.
Hn hp kh A c:
n Cn H 2 n
n H2
0,4 2
= .
0,6 3
C n H 2n +
3n
O2 n CO2 + n H2O
2
2H2 + O2 2H2O
Theo phng trnh (1) ta c:
n CO2 = n H 2O = 0,45 mol.
54
0,45
mol.
n
n Cn H 2 n =
Tng:
n H2O =
n H2 = 0,3 mol.
13,5
= 0,75 mol
18
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(1)
(2)
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Ta c:
n Cn H 2 n
n = 2,25
n H2
0,45
2
=
0,3 n 3
CnH2n+1OH +
3,584
= 0,16 mol
22,4
n H2O = (n + 1)x =
(1)
3,96
= 0,22 mol
18
(2)
C2 H 5OH
C3 H 7OH
(p n D)
B. C2H5OH.
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Hng dn gii
Gi M l nguyn t khi trung bnh ca ba ru A, B, C. Ta c:
M=
3,38
= 42,2
0,08
Ta c:
0,08 5
= 0,05 ;
5+3
0,08 3
= 0,03 mol ;
5+3
M B+C =
1,78
= 59,33 .
0.03
12x + y = 42,33
Bin lun:
x
30,33
18,33
6,33
<0
v C3H7OH (p n C)
56
C. 0,448 lt.
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D. 0,336 lt.
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Hng dn gii
t R l gc hirocacbon trung bnh v x l tng s mol ca 2 ru.
ROH + Na RONa +
1
H2
2
x mol x
x
.
2
Ta c:
( R + 17 ) x = 2,84
Gii ra c x = 0,08.
R
+
39
x
=
4,6
(
)
Vy :
VH 2 =
0,08
22,4 = 0,896 lt. (p n A)
2
C. C3H4 v C4H8.
D. C2H2 v C3H8.
Hng dn gii
n hh X =
4,48
= 0,2 mol
22,4
n Br2 p.ng =
0,7
= 0,35 mol.
2
Khi lng bnh Br2 tng 6,7 gam l s gam ca hirocabon khng no. t
CTTB ca hai hirocacbon mch h l C n H 2n +2-2a ( a l s lin kt p trung bnh).
Phng trnh phn ng:
C n H 2n +2-2 a + aBr2 C n H 2n +2-2 a Br2 a
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0,35
= 1,75
0,2
a=
14n + 2 - 2a =
6,7
0,2
n = 2,5.
A. 2,94 gam.
D. 2,76 gam.
Hng dn gii
Hn hp X gm hai ancol A v B tch nc c olefin (Y) hai ancol l
ru no, n chc.
t CTTB ca hai ancol A, B l C n H 2 n +1OH ta c cc phng trnh phn
ng sau:
C n H 2n +1OH +
3n
O2 nCO2 + (n + 1)H 2O
2
2
4
C n H 2n +1OH
C n H 2n + H2O
170o C
H SO
(Y)
C n H 2n +
3n
O2 nCO2 + n H 2O
2
Nhn xt:
- Khi t chy X v t chy Y cng cho s mol CO2 nh nhau.
- t chy Y cho n CO2 = n H 2O .
Vy t chy Y cho tng
(m
CO2
58
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01. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp hai axit cacboxylic l ng ng k tip
thu c 3,36 lt CO2 (ktc) v 2,7 gam H2O. S mol ca mi axit ln lt l
A. 0,05 mol v 0,05 mol.
03. Cho axit oxalic HOOC-COOH tc dng vi hn hp hai ancol no, n chc,
ng ng lin tip thu c 5,28 gam hn hp 3 este trung tnh. Thy phn
lng este trn bng dung dch NaOH thu c 5,36 gam mui. Hai ru c
cng thc
A. CH3OH v C2H5OH.
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
C. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
D. C4H9OH v C5H11OH.
04. Nitro ha benzen c 14,1 gam hn hp hai cht nitro c khi lng phn t
hn km nhau 45 vC. t chy hon ton hn hp hai cht nitro ny c
0,07 mol N2. Hai cht nitro l
A. C6 H5NO2 v C6H4(NO2)2.
B. C6 H4(NO2)2 v C6H3(NO2)3.
C. C6 H3(NO2)3 v C6H2(NO2)4.
D. C6 H2(NO2)4 v C6H(NO2)5.
05. Mt hn hp X gm 2 ancol thuc cng dy ng ng c khi lng 30,4
gam. Chia X thnh hai phn bng nhau.
- Phn 1: cho tc dng vi Na d, kt thc phn ng thu c 3,36 lt H2 (ktc).
- Phn 2: tch nc hon ton 180oC, xc tc H2SO4 c thu c mt
anken cho hp th vo bnh ng dung dch Brom d thy c 32 gam Br2 b
mt mu. CTPT hai ancol trn l
A. CH3OH v C2H5OH.
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
C. CH3OH v C3H7OH.
D. C2H5OH v C4H9OH.
59
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B. 1,443 lt.
C. 1,344 lt.
D. 1,444 lt.
C. 0,94 gam.
D. 0,93 gam.
D. 0,704 gam.
B. 5,52 gam.
C. 5,25 gam.
D. 5,05 gam.
B. C3H6O2.
C. C4H8O2.
D. C5H10O2.
2. C
3. A
4. A
5. C
6. C
7. D
8. B
9. B
10. C
Phng php 6
TNG GIM KHI LNG
60
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61
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D. Khng xc nh c.
Hng dn gii
Trong dung dch:
Na2CO3 2Na+ + CO32(NH4)2CO3 2NH4+ + CO32BaCl2 Ba2+ + 2ClCaCl2 Ca2+ + 2ClCc phn ng:
Ba2+ + CO32- BaCO3
(1)
(2)
Theo (1) v (2) c 1 mol BaCl2, hoc CaCl2 bin thnh BaCO3 hoc CaCO3
th khi lng mui gim (71 - 60) = 11 gam. Do tng s mol hai mui BaCO3
v CaCO3 bng:
43 - 39,7
= 0,3 mol
11
Thnh phn ca A:
%m BaCO3 =
0,1 197
100 = 49,62%;
39,7
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C. 26,8 gam.
D. 28,6 gam.
Hng dn gii
C 1 mol mui cacbonat to thnh 1 mol mui clorua cho nn khi lng
mui khan tng (71 - 60) = 11 gam, m
n CO2 = nmui cacbonat = 0,2 mol.
Suy ra khi lng mui khan tng sau phn ng l 0,211 = 2,2 gam.
Vy tng khi lng mui khan thu c l 23,8 + 2,2 = 26 gam. (p n A)
V d 3: Cho 3,0 gam mt axit no, n chc A tc dng va vi dung dch
NaOH. C cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c 4,1 gam mui khan.
CTPT ca A l
A. HCOOH
B. C3H7COOH
PC. CH3COOH
D. C2H5COOH.
Hng dn gii
C 1 mol axit n chc to thnh 1 mol mui th khi lng tng (23 - 1) =
22 gam, m theo u bi khi lng mui tng (4,1 - 3) = 1,1 gam nn s mol
axit l
naxit =
1,1
= 0,05 mol.
22
Maxit =
3
= 60 gam.
0,05
n = 1.
Vy CTPT ca A l CH3COOH. (p n C)
V d 4: Cho dung dch AgNO3 d tc dng vi dung dch hn hp c ha tan
6,25 gam hai mui KCl v KBr thu c 10,39 gam hn hp AgCl v
AgBr. Hy xc nh s mol hn hp u.
A. 0,08 mol.
D. 0,055 mol.
Hng dn gii
C 1 mol mui halogen to thnh 1 mol kt ta
khi lng tng: 108 - 39 = 69 gam;
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A. Pb.
C. Al.
D. Sn.
Hng dn gii
t kim loi ha tr (II) l M vi s gam l x (gam).
M + CuSO4 d MSO4 + Cu
C M gam kim loi tan ra th s c 64 gam Cu bm vo. Vy khi lng kim
loi gim (M - 64) gam;
0, 24. M
khi lng kim loi gim 0,24 gam.
M - 64
Vy:
x (gam) =
Mt khc:
Vy:
x (gam) =
Ta c:
0, 24. M
0,52.M
=
M - 64
216 - M
B. 58,5 gam.
C. 17,55 gam.
D. 23,4 gam.
Hng dn gii
Kh Cl2 d ch kh c mui NaI theo phng trnh
64
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B. 2,28 gam.
Hng dn gii
n AgNO3 ( ban u ) =
340 6
= 0,12 mol;
170 100
25
= 0,03 mol.
100
0,03 mol
Hng dn gii
V trong cng dung dch cn li (cng th tch) nn:
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65
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(1)
x x
(2)
x mol
x = 0,4 mol.
Vy:
B. CH3COOH.
C. HCC-COOH.
D. CH3-CH2-COOH.
Hng dn gii
t CTTQ ca axit hu c X n chc l RCOOH.
2RCOOH + CaCO3 (RCOO)2Ca + CO2- + H2O
C 2 mol axit phn ng to mui th khi lng tng (40 - 2) = 38 gam.
x mol axit (7,28 - 5,76) = 1,52 gam.
5,76
= 72 R = 27
0,08
Axit X: CH2=CH-COOH. (p n A)
66
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V d 10: Nhng thanh km vo dung dch cha 8,32 gam CdSO4. Sau khi kh
hon ton ion Cd2+ khi lng thanh km tng 2,35% so vi ban u.
Hi khi lng thanh km ban u.
A. 60 gam.
B. 70 gam.
PC. 80 gam.
D. 90 gam.
Hng dn gii
Gi khi lng thanh km ban u l a gam th khi lng tng thm l
2,35a
gam.
100
Zn + CdSO4
65 1 mol
ZnSO4 + Cd
8,32
2,35a
(=0,04 mol)
gam
208
100
Ta c t l:
1
47
=
0,04 2,35a
100
a = 80 gam. (p n C)
V d 11: Nhng thanh kim loi M ho tr 2 vo dung dch CuSO4, sau mt thi
gian ly thanh kim loi ra thy khi lng gim 0,05%. Mt khc
nhng thanh kim loi trn vo dung dch Pb(NO3)2, sau mt thi gian
thy khi lng tng 7,1%. Xc nh M, bit rng s mol CuSO4 v
Pb(NO3)2 tham gia 2 trng hp nh nhau.
PB. Zn.
A. Al.
C. Mg.
D. Fe.
Hng dn gii
Gi m l khi lng thanh kim loi, M l nguyn t khi ca kim loi, x l s
mol mui phn ng.
M
CuSO4
MSO4 + Cu
0,05.m
x = 100
M - 64
gim
0,05.m
gam.
100
(1)
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Pb(NO3)2 M(NO3)2 + Pb
x mol
7,1.m
x = 100
207 - M
tng
7,1.m
gam
100
(2)
0,05.m
7,1.m
100 = 100
M - 64
207 - M
T (1) v (2) ta c:
(3)
B. AlCl3.
D. Khng xc nh.
C. CrCl3.
Hng dn gii
Gi A l nguyn t khi ca kim loi X.
Al
XCl3 AlCl3 + X
3,78
= (0,14 mol) 0,14
27
Ta c :
0,14 mol.
B. 22,4% v 77,6%.
D. 24% v 76%.
Hng dn gii
Ch c NaHCO3 b phn hy. t x l s gam NaHCO3.
t
2NaHCO3
Na2CO3 + CO2- + H2O
o
68
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C nung
x
Ta c:
168 62
=
x = 84 gam.
x
31
D. 0,48 gam.
Hng dn gii
Ta c:
D. 1,49 gam.
Hng dn gii
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng: Sau mt khong thi gian tng
khi lng ca thanh Fe bng gim khi lng ca dung dch mui. Do :
m = 3,28 - 0,8 = 2,48 gam. (p n B)
MT S BI TP VN DNG GII THEO PHNG PHP
TNG GIM KHI LNG
01. Cho 115 gam hn hp gm ACO3, B2CO3, R2CO3 tc dng ht vi dung dch
HCl thy thot ra 22,4 lt CO2 (ktc). Khi lng mui clorua to ra trong
dung dch l
A. 142 gam.
B. 126 gam.
C. 141 gam.
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D. 132 gam.
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02. Ngm mt l st trong dung dch CuSO4. Nu bit khi lng ng bm trn
l st l 9,6 gam th khi lng l st sau ngm tng thm bao nhiu gam so
vi ban u?
A. 5,6 gam.
B. 2,8 gam.
C. 2,4 gam.
D. 1,2 gam.
B. 0,24 lt.
C. 0,237 lt.
D.0,336 lt.
05. Cho lung kh CO i qua 16 gam oxit st nguyn cht c nung nng trong
mt ci ng. Khi phn ng thc hin hon ton v kt thc, thy khi lng
ng gim 4,8 gam.
Xc nh cng thc v tn oxit st em dng.
06. Dng CO kh 40 gam oxit Fe2O3 thu c 33,92 gam cht rn B gm
1
Fe2O3, FeO v Fe. Cho B tc dng vi H2SO4 long d, thu c 2,24 lt
2
kh H2 (ktc).
Xc nh thnh phn theo s mol cht rn B, th tch kh CO (ktc) ti thiu
c c kt qu ny.
07. Nhng mt thanh st nng 12,2 gam vo 200 ml dung dch CuSO4 0,5M. Sau mt
thi gian ly thanh kim loi ra, c cn dung dch c 15,52 gam cht rn khan.
a) Vit phng trnh phn ng xy ra, tm khi lng tng cht c trong
15,52 gam cht rn khan.
70
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b) Tnh khi lng thanh kim loi sau phn ng. Ha tan hon ton thanh kim
loi ny trong dung dch HNO3 c nng, d thu c kh NO2 duy nht,
th tch V lt (o 27,3 oC, 0,55 atm). Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy
ra. Tnh V.
08. Ngm mt thanh ng c khi lng 140,8 gam vo dung dch AgNO3 sau
mt thi gian ly thanh ng em cn li thy nng 171,2 gam. Tnh thnh
phn khi lng ca thanh ng sau phn ng.
09. Ngm mt l km nh trong mt dung dch c cha 2,24 gam ion kim loi c
in tch 2+. Phn ng xong, khi lng l km tng thm 0,94 gam.
Hy xc nh tn ca ion kim loi trong dung dch.
10. C hai l kim loi cng cht, cng khi lng, c kh nng to ra hp cht c s
oxi ha +2. Mt l c ngm trong dung dch Pb(NO3)2 cn l kia c ngm
trong dung dch Cu(NO3)2.
Sau mt thi gian ngi ta ly l kim loi ra khi dung dch, ra nh. Nhn
thy khi lng l kim loi c ngm trong mui ch tng thm 19%, khi
lng l kim loi kia gim 9,6%. Bit rng, trong hai phn ng trn, khi
lng cc kim loi b ha tan nh nhau.
Hy xc nh tn ca hai l kim loi ang dng.
p n cc bi tp vn dng:
01. B
02. D.
03. B.
04. A.
05. Fe2O3.
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Phng php 7
QUI I HN HP NHIU CHT V S LNG CHT
T HN
Mt s bi ton ha hc c th gii nhanh bng cc phng php bo ton
electron, bo ton nguyn t, bo ton khi lng song phng php quy i cng
tm ra p s rt nhanh v l phng php tng i u vit, c th vn dng
vo cc bi tp trc nghim phn loi hc sinh.
Cc ch khi p dng phng php quy i:
1. Khi quy i hn hp nhiu cht (hn hp X) (t ba cht tr ln) thnh hn
hp hai cht hay ch cn mt cht ta phi bo ton s mol nguyn t v bo ton
khi lng hn hp.
2. C th quy i hn hp X v bt k cp cht no, thm ch quy i v mt
cht. Tuy nhin ta nn chn cp cht no n gin c t phn ng oxi ha kh nht
n gin vic tnh ton.
3. Trong qu trnh tnh ton theo phng php quy i i khi ta gp s m
l do s b tr khi lng ca cc cht trong hn hp. Trong trng hp ny ta
vn tnh ton bnh thng v kt qu cui cng vn tha mn.
4. Khi quy i hn hp X v mt cht l FexOy th oxit FexOy tm c ch l
oxit gi nh khng c thc.
V d 1: Nung 8,4 gam Fe trong khng kh, sau phn ng thu c m gam cht
rn X gm Fe, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO. Ha tan m gam hn hp X vo dung
dch HNO3 d thu c 2,24 lt kh NO2 (ktc) l sn phm kh duy
nht. Gi tr ca m l
PA. 11,2 gam. B. 10,2 gam.
C. 7,2 gam.
Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp X v hai cht Fe v Fe2O3:
Ha tan hn hp X vo dung dch HNO3 d ta c
Fe + 6HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + 3NO2 + 3H2O
0,1
72
0,1 mol
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D. 6,9 gam.
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Vy:
n Fe2O3 =
0,35
3 2
m X = m Fe + m Fe2O3
mX =
0,1
0,35
56 +
160 = 11,2 gam.
3
3
ta c:
0,15 mol
0,1 mol
2Fe + O2
2FeO
0,1 mol
0,1
2Fe2O3
4Fe + 3O2
0,05
0,025 mol
n Fe =
8,4
0,1.x
x 6
=
= mol.
56 3x - 2y
y 7
0,1
= 0,025 mol.
36 - 2 7
73
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D. 77,7 gam.
Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp X v hn hp hai cht FeO v Fe2O3 ta c
FeO + 4HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO2 + 2H2O
0,2 mol 0,2 mol 0,2 mol
Fe2O3 + 6HNO3 2Fe(NO3)3 + 3H2O
0,2 mol 0,4 mol
n Fe( NO3 )3 =
145,2
= 0,6 mol.
242
V d 3: Ha tan hon ton 49,6 gam hn hp X gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 bng
H2SO4 c nng thu c dung dch Y v 8,96 lt kh SO2 (ktc).
a) Tnh phn trm khi lng oxi trong hn hp X.
A. 40,24%.
B. 30,7%.
PC. 20,97%.
D. 37,5%.
PB.140 gam.
C. 120 gam.
D. 100 gam.
Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp X v hai cht FeO, Fe2O3, ta c:
2FeO + 4H 2SO4
Fe2 (SO4 )3 + SO2 + 4H 2O
- 0,05 mol
74
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Vy:
0,65 16 100
= 20,97%. (p n C)
49,9
a)
%m O =
b)
B. 448 ml.
C. 336 ml.
D. 112 ml.
Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp X v hn hp hai cht FeO v Fe2O3 vi s mol l x, y, ta c:
t
FeO + H2
Fe + H2O
o
t
Fe2O3 + 3H2
2Fe + 3H2O
o
3y
x + 3y = 0,05
x = 0,02 mol
C. 2,62 gam.
D. 2,32 gam.
Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp cht rn X v hai cht Fe, Fe2O3:
Fe + 4HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + 2H2O
0,025
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1,6
2 = 0,02 mol
160
m Fe (trong Fe2O3 ) =
Hng dn gii
Quy hn hp 0,1 mol Fe2O3 v 0,1 mol FeO thnh 0,1 mol Fe3O4.
Hn hp X gm: Fe3O4 0,2 mol; Fe 0,1 mol + dung dch Y
Fe3O4 + 8H+ Fe2+ + 2Fe3+ + 4H2O
0,2
0,2
0,4 mol
0,1 mol
0,1
0,1 mol
1
n - = 0,05 mol.
2 NO3
Vd 2 Cu( NO
3 )2
0,05
= 0,05 lt (hay 50 ml). (p n C)
1
B. 0,04.
C. 0,03.
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PD. 0,02.
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Hng dn gii
n Fe =
8,96
= 0,16 mol
56
y/2
10x/3
x/3
y/2
H phng trnh:
x + y = 0,16
x = 0,06 mol
10x
y = 0,1 mol
3 + 3y = 0,5
n NO =
0,06
= 0,02 mol. (p n D)
3
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Phng php 8
S NG CHO
Bi ton trn ln cc cht vi nhau l mt dng bi tp hay gp trong chng
trnh ha hc ph thng cng nh trong cc thi kim tra v thi tuyn sinh
i hc, cao ng. Ta c th gii bi tp dng ny theo nhiu cch khc nhau, song
vic gii loi dng bi tp ny theo phng php s ng cho theo tc gi l
tt nht.
Nguyn tc: Trn ln hai dung dch:
Dung dch 1: c khi lng m1, th tch V1, nng C1 (nng phn trm
hoc nng mol), khi lng ring d1.
Dung dch 2: c khi lng m2, th tch V2, nng C2 (C2 > C1 ), khi
lng ring d2.
Dung dch thu c: c khi lng m = m1 + m2, th tch V = V1 + V2, nng
C (C1 < C < C2) v khi lng ring d.
S ng cho v cng thc tng ng vi mi trng hp l:
a. i vi nng % v khi lng:
C1
| C2 - C |
C
C2
| C1 - C |
m1 C 2 - C
=
m 2 C1 - C
(1)
V1 C2 - C
=
V2 C1 - C
(2)
V1 C2 - C
=
V2 C1 - C
(3)
b. i vi nng mol/lt:
CM1
CM2
` | C2 - C |
| C1 - C |
d1
d2
| d2 - d |
d
| d1 - d |
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PC. 2:1.
B. 1:3.
D. 3:1.
Hng dn gii
p dng cng thc (1):
m1 45 - 25 20 2
=
=
= . (p n C)
m 2 15 - 25 10 1
B. 214,3 ml.
C. 285,7 ml.
D. 350 ml.
Hng dn gii
Ta c s :
V1 (NaCl) 3
V2 (H2O) 0
V1 =
| 0,9 - 0 |
0,9
| 3 - 0,9 |
0,9
500 = 150 ml. (p n A)
2,1 + 0,9
V d 3: Ha tan 200 gam SO3 vo m2 gam dung dch H2SO4 49% ta c dung
dch H2SO4 78,4%. Gi tr ca m2 l
A. 133,3 gam. B. 146,9 gam. C. 272,2 gam.
Hng dn gii
Phng trnh phn ng:
SO3 + H2O H2SO4
100 gam SO3
98 100
= 122,5 gam H2SO4.
80
79
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49 - 78,4
m1
29,4
=
=
m 2 122,5 - 78,4 44,1
m2 =
44,1
200 = 300 gam. (p n D)
29,4
B. 81,02.
C. 18,98.
PD. 15,95.
Hng dn gii
Ta c s ng cho:
81
35
Br (M = 81)
79,319 - 79 = 0,319
A = 79,319
79
35
Br (M = 79)
81
% 35
Br 0,319
=
79
% 35 Br 1,681
81
% 35
Br =
81 - 79,319 = 1,681
0,319
100% = 15,95%. (p n D)
1,681 + 0,319
A. 15%.
C. 35%.
D. 45%.
Hng dn gii
p dng s ng cho:
VO3
M = 48
32 - 36
M = 18 2 = 36
VO2
80
VO3
VO2
M = 32
4 1
=
12 3
%VO3 =
1
100% = 25%. (p n B)
3 +1
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48 - 36
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A. C3H8.
C. C5H12.
D. C6H14.
Hng dn gii
p dng s ng cho:
VCH4 M = 16
M 2 - 30
M = 15 2 = 30
VM2 M = M 2
VCH4
M2 = 58
VM2
16 - 30
M 2 - 30 2
=
14
1
M2 - 30 = 28
14n + 2 = 58
n = 4.
Vy: X l C4H10. (p n B)
V d 7: Thm 250 ml dung dch NaOH 2M vo 200 ml dung dch H3PO4 1,5M.
Mui to thnh v khi lng tng ng l
A. 14,2 gam Na2HPO4 ; 32,8 gam Na3PO4.
B. 28,4 gam Na2HPO4 ; 16,4 gam Na3PO4.
PC. 12 gam NaH2PO4 ; 28,4 gam Na2HPO4.
D. 24 gam NaH2PO4
Hng dn gii
C:
1<
n NaOH 0,25 2 5
=
= <2
n H3PO4 0,2 1,5 3
n1 = 2
n=
N aH 2 PO 4
1-
5
2
=
3
3
2-
5
1
=
3
3
5
3
n2 = 1
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n Na 2 HPO4
n NaH 2 PO4
2
1
M:
(p n C)
B. 55%.
PC. 60%.
D. 65%.
Hng dn gii
n CO2 =
0,488
3,164
= 0,02 mol M =
= 158,2.
22,4
0,02
p dng s ng cho:
Hng dn gii
CuSO4 .5H 2O Ta coi CuSO4.5H2O nh l dung dch CuSO4 c:
123
160
14
4244
3
250
82
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C% =
160 100
= 64%.
250
8 - 16
= 8
16
64 - 16 = 48
(m 2 ) 8
Mt khc
m1 8 1
=
= .
m 2 48 6
m1 + m2 = 280 gam.
280
1 = 40 gam
1+ 6
PB. 3 lt v 6 lt.
C. 4 lt v 5 lt.
D. 6 lt v 3 lt.
Hng dn gii
Ta c s ng cho:
H2O:
1
1,28
H2SO4 : 1,84
VH 2O
VH 2SO4
Cn phi ly
0,56 2
= .
0,28 1
1
9 = 3 lt H2SO4 (d = 1,84 g/ml) v 6 lt H2O. (p n B)
1+ 2
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B. 20,0.
C. 31,8.
D. 40,0.
02. Th tch nc nguyn cht cn thm vo 1 lt dung dch H2SO4 98% (d = 1,84
g/ml) c dung dch mi c nng 10% l
A. 14,192 ml. B. 15,192 ml. C. 16,192 ml.
D. 17,192 ml.
A. 73,0%.
65
29
B. 34,2%.
63
29
Cu v
Cu l
C.32,3%.
D. 27,0%.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 8.
05. Thm 150 ml dung dch KOH 2M vo 120 ml dung dch H3PO4 1M. Khi
lng cc mui thu c trong dung dch l
A. 10,44 gam KH2PO4 ; 8,5 gam K3PO4.
B. 10,44 gam K2HPO4 ; 12,72 gam K3PO4.
C. 10,44 gam K2HPO4 ; 13,5 gam KH2PO4.
D. 13,5 gam KH2PO4 ; 14,2 gam K3PO4.
06. Ha tan 2,84 gam hn hp 2 mui CaCO3 v MgCO3 bng dung dch HCl
(d) thu c 0,672 lt kh iu kin tiu chun. Thnh phn % s mol ca
MgCO3 trong hn hp l
A. 33,33%.
B. 45,55%.
C. 54,45%.
D. 66,67%.
07. Lng SO3 cn thm vo dung dch H2SO4 10% c 100 gam dung dch
H2SO4 20% l
A. 2,5 gam.
B. 8,88 gam.
C. 6,66 gam.
D. 24,5 gam.
08. Dung dch ru etylic 13,8o c d (g/ml) =?. Bit d C 2 H5OH(ng.cht) = 0,8 g/ml ;
d H 2O = 1 g ml .
A. 0,805.
84
B. 0,8 55.
C. 0,972.
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D. 0,915.
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B. 1 : 2.
C. 1 : 3.
D. 3 : 1.
B. 2 : 5.
C. 2 : 3.
D. 1 : 1.
p n cc s bi tp vn dng:
1. B
2. C
3. D
4. C
5. B
6. A
7. B
8. C
9. D
10. B
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Phng php 9
CC I LNG DNG KHI QUT
Trong cc kim tra v thi tuyn sinh theo phng php trc nghim chng
ta thy rng s lng cu hi v bi tp kh nhiu v a dng bao trm ton b
chng trnh ha hc ph thng. Rt nhiu cc phng php, cc dng bi
c bn c bit n. Sau y l mt s v d v dng bi tm mi lin h khi
qut gia cc i lng thng xut hin trong trong cc thi tuyn sinh i hc.
V d 1: (Cu 11 - M 182 - Khi A - TSH 2007)
Cho t t dung dch cha a mol HCl vo dung dch cha b mol Na2CO3
ng thi khuy u, thu c V lt kh ( ktc) v dung dch X. Khi
cho d nc vi trong vo dung dch X thy c xut hin kt ta. Biu
thc lin h gia V vi a, b l
PA. V = 22,4(a - b).
B. V = 11,2(a - b).
C. V = 11,2(a + b).
D. V = 22,4(a + b).
Hng dn gii
Cho t t dung dch HCl vo dung dch Na2CO3 ta c phng trnh:
HCl + Na2CO3 NaHCO3 + NaCl
b
(1)
b mol
(2)
(a - b) (a - b) mol
Dung dch X cha NaHCO3 d do HCl tham gia phn ng ht,
NaHCO3 + Ca(OH)2 d CaCO3 + NaOH + H2O
Vy:
V = 22,4(a - b). (p n A)
B. 6.
C. 4.
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D. 5.
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Hng dn gii
Mt phn t Clo phn ng vi k mt xch trong mch PVC theo phng trnh:
-CH - CH 2 -
xt
|
+ kCl2
to
Cl
n
Do:
%mCl = 63,96%
%mC,H cn li = 36,04%.
-CH - CH 2 - -CH - CH -
|
|
|
Cl
Cl Cl
k
n -k
35,5 (n - k) + 35,5 2 k
63,96
=
27 (n - k) + 26 k
36,04
Vy
n
= 3. (p n A).
k
B. a : b < 1 : 4.
C. a : b = 1 : 5.
PD. a : b > 1 : 4.
Hng dn gii
Trn a mol AlCl3 vi b mol NaOH thu c kt ta th
+
Al(OH)3
Al3 + 3OH
+
AlO2- + 2H 2O
Al(OH)3 + OH
Al3+ + 4OH -
AlO-2 + 2H 2O
4 mol
Vy c kt ta th
b
4.
a
b
<4
a
a : b > 1 : 4. (p n D)
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B. C2H5-COOH.
C. CH3-COOH.
PD. HOOC-COOH.
Hng dn gii
- t a mol axit hu c Y c 2a mol CO2 axit hu c Y c hai nguyn
t C trong phn t.
- Trung ha a mol axit hu c Y cn dng 2a mol NaOH axit hu c Y
c 2 nhm chc cacboxyl (-COOH).
Cng thc cu to thu gn ca Y l HOOC-COOH. (p n D)
V d 5: (Cu 39 - M 182 - Khi A - TSH 2007)
Dung dch HCl v dung dch CH3COOH c cng nng mol/l, pH ca
hai dung dch tng ng l x v y. Quan h gia x v y l (gi thit, c
100 phn t CH3COOH th c 1 phn t in li)
A. y = 100x.
B. y = 2x.
C. y = x - 2.
PD. y = x + 2.
Hng dn gii
[H+]HCl = 10-x
pHHCl = x
[H + ]CH3COOH = 10- y
pH CH3COOH = y
Ta c:
HCl H+ + Cl10-x
10-x (M)
H+ + CH3COOCH3COOH
100.10-y
Mt khc:
10-y (M).
[HCl] = [CH3COOH]
10-x = 100.10-y
y = x + 2. (p n D)
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HNO3 c dung dch Y, sau thm (gi thit hiu sut cc phn ng
u l 100%)
A. c mol bt Al vo Y.
PB. c mol bt Cu vo Y.
C. 2c mol bt Al vo Y.
D. 2c mol bt Cu vo Y.
Hng dn gii
Ha tan hn hp X trong dung dch HNO3
Al2O3 + 6HNO3 2Al(NO3)3 + 3H2O
a
6a
2a mol
2b
b mol
2c
2c mol
B. b = 2a.
C. b < 2a.
D. 2b = a.
Hng dn gii
Phng trnh in phn dung dch
pdd
CuSO4 + 2NaCl
Cu + Cl2- + Na2SO4
(1)
2a mol
89
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pdd
2NaCl + 2H2O
2NaOH + H2 + Cl2
mng ngn
Vy:
(2)
b > 2a. (p n A)
B. b = 2a.
D. a = 2b.
B. b < 2a.
PC. b 2a.
D. b 2a.
+1
RCHO RCOONH 4
a.x
a.y
mol
2
(b mol) (c mol)
Ta c:
b = a + c ax = a +
a.y
2
y = 2x - 2.
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PB. m = 2n + 2.
C. m = 2n - 1.
D. m = 2n + 1.
Hng dn gii
Theo phng php ng nht h s: Cng thc tng qut ca ancol no l
CnH2n+2-x(OH)x hay CnH2n+2Ox. Vy m = 2n+2. (p n B)
V d 10: Hi t l th tch CO2 v hi nc (T) bin i trong khong no khi
t chy hon ton cc ankin.
PA. 1 < T 2.
B. 1 T < 1,5.
C. 0,5 < T 1.
Hng dn gii
CnH2n-2 nCO2 + (n - 1)H2O
iu kin: n 2 v n N.
T=
n CO2
n H 2O
n
1
=
.
n -1 1- 1
n
n=2
T = 2 l gi tr ln nht.
Vy: 1 < T 2. (p n A)
V d 11: t chy 1 mol aminoaxit NH2-(CH2)n-COOH phi cn s mol O2 l
A.
2n + 3
.
2
B.
6n + 3
.
2
PC.
6n + 3
.
4
D.
2n + 3
.
4
Hng dn gii
Phng trnh t chy amino axit l
H2N-(CH2)n-COOH +
6n + 3
2n + 3
O2
(n + 1)CO2 +
H2O
4
2
(p n C)
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B. a = 2b.
C. b = 5a.
Hng dn gii
Phng trnh phn ng:
NaOH + HCl NaCl + H2O
(1)
a mol a mol
NaAlO2 + HCl + H2O Al(OH)3 + NaCl
(2)
(3)
(4)
a mol 4a mol
iu kin khng c kt ta khi nHCl 4n NaAlO2 + nNaOH = 5a. Vy suy ra
iu kin c kt ta:
nNaOH < nHCl < 4n NaAlO2 + nNaOH
V d 13: Dung dch cha a mol NaOH tc dng vi dung dch cha b mol H3PO4
a
sinh ra hn hp Na2HPO4 + Na3PO4. T s l
b
A. 1 <
a
< 2.
b
PC. 2 <
a
< 3.
b
B.
a
3.
b
D.
a
1.
b
Hng dn gii
Cc phng trnh phn ng:
Ta c:
92
(1)
(2)
(3)
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n NaOH
a
< 3, tc l 2 <
< 3. (p n C)
b
n H3PO4
V d 14: Hn hp X gm Na v Al.
- Th nghim 1: Nu cho m gam X tc dng vi H2O d th thu c V1
lt H2.
- Th nghim 2: nu cho m gam X tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d th
thu c V2 lt H2.
Cc kh o cng iu kin. Quan h gia V1 v V2 l
A. V1 = V2.
B. V1 > V2.
C. V1 < V2.
PD. V1 V2.
Hng dn gii
Cc phng trnh phn ng khi ha tan hn hp Na v Al vi H2O v vi
dung dch NaOH d:
Na + H2O NaOH +
1
H2
2
(1)
(2)
V1 = V2.
TN2: x < y trong TN1 (1) Al d, TN2 (2) Al tan ht n H2 (TN 2) > n H2 (TN2) .
V2 > V1.
PB. 2.
C. 3.
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D. 4.
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Hng dn gii
Cc phng trnh phn ng:
xt
4NH3 + 5O2
4NO + 6H2O
to
V 5V/4
2NO2
2NO + O2
V V/2
4NO2
O2 + 2H2O 4HNO3
5V V
V V -
4
2
5V V
V
V = 4 V = 2. (p n B)
-
V
4
2
a.M
.
10d
B.
d.M
.
10a
C.
10a
.
M.d
D.
a.M
.
1000d
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 lt dung dch cht X:
nX = a mol mX = a.M
mdd X =
C% =
a.M.100
= 1000d
C%
a.M
. (p n A)
10d
B. a = b - 0,02.
PC. a = b - 0,05.
D. a = b - 0,07.
Hng dn gii
t cng thc tng qut ca 1 s ankan l C x H 2x +2
94
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C x H 2x +2 +
3x + 1
O2 x CO2 + (x + 1) H2O
2
0,05(x + 1) = b
Hng dn gii
TN1:
3,84
= 0,06 mol
n Cu =
64
n H + = 0,08 mol
u bi:
0,06
Phn ng:
0,08
0,08
H+ phn ng ht
0,02 mol
0,06
0,08
Phn ng:
0,16
Cu v H+ phn ng ht
0,04 mol
95
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B. a + 2b = 2c + d.
C. a + b = 2c + d.
D. a + b = c+ d.
02. Cho a mol Fe vo dung dch cha b mol dung dch AgNO3. a v b c quan h
nh th no thu c dung dch Fe(NO3)3 duy nht sau phn ng?
A. b =2a.
B. b a.
+
C. b=3a.
D. b a.
03. Dung dch A cha cc ion Na : a mol; HCO3 : b mol; CO32-: c mol; SO42-: d
mol. to ra kt ta ln nht ngi ta dng 100 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 nng
x mol/l. Lp biu thc tnh x theo a v b.
A. x = a + b.
B. x = a - b.
C. x =
a+b
.
0,2
D. x =
a+b
.
0,1
04. Dung dch X cha a mol NaAlO2. Khi thm vo dung dch X b mol hoc 2b mol
a
dung dch HCl th lng kt ta sinh ra u nh nhau. T s c gi tr bng
b
A. 1.
B. 1,25.
C. 1,5.
D. 1,75.
B. 1.
C. 1,25.
D. 1,5.
06. C mt lng anehit HCHO c chia lm 2 phn bng nhau, mi phn cha
a mol HCHO.
- Phn 1: Cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 /NH3 thu c m gam Ag.
- Phn 2: Oxi ha bng Oxi thnh HCOOH vi hiu sut 40% thu c dung
dch A. Cho A tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 /NH3 thu c m gam Ag. T
m
s
c gi tr bng
m
A. 0,2.
96
B. 0,4.
C. 0,6.
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D. 0,8.
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07. A l axit cha ba nguyn t cacbon trong phn t. Cho 0,015 mol A tc dng
vi dung dch cha a mol Ba(OH)2 thu c dung dch B. Ngi ta nhn thy:
Nu a = 0,01 mol th dung dch B lm qu tm.
Nu a = 0,02 mol th dung dch B lm xanh qu tm. B c cng thc cu to:
A. CH3-CH2-COOH.
B. CH2=CH-COOH.
C. CHC-COOH.
D. HOOC-CH2-COOH.
08. C 2 axit hu c no: (A) l axit n chc v (B) l axit a chc. Hn hp (X)
cha x mol (A) v y mol (B). t chy hon ton (X) th thu c 11,2 lt CO2
(ktc). Cho x + y = 0,3 v MA < MB. Vy cng thc phn t ca (A) l:
A. CH3COOH.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. HCOOH.
D. C3H7COOH.
B. M A > M B .
C. M A < M B .
D. M A M B .
10. Kh hon ton mt lng oxit st cn V lt H2. ha tan hon ton lng st
sinh ra trn trong dung dch HCl thy to ra V lt H2. Bit V > V (cc kh
o cng iu kin). Cng thc oxit st l
A. Fe2O3.
B. FeO.
C. Fe3O4.
D. Fe2O3 v Fe3O4.
p n cc bi tp vn dng:
1. B
2. C
3. C
4. B
5. A
6. D
7. D
8. C
9. A
10. D
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Phng php 10
T CHN LNG CHT
Trong mt s cu hi v bi tp trc nghim chng ta c th gp mt s
trng hp c bit sau:
- C mt s bi ton tng nh thiu d kin gy b tc cho vic tnh ton.
- C mt s bi ton ngi ta cho di dng gi tr tng qut nh a gam, V
lt, n mol hoc cho t l th tch hoc t l s mol cc cht...
Nh vy kt qu gii bi ton khng ph thuc vo cht cho. Trong cc
trng hp trn tt nht ta t chn mt gi tr nh th no cho vic gii bi
ton tr thnh n gin nht.
Cch 1: Chn mt mol nguyn t, phn t hoc mt mol hn hp cc cht
phn ng.
Cch 2: Chn ng t l lng cht trong u bi cho.
Cch 3: Chn cho thng s mt gi tr ph hp chuyn phn s phc tp
v s n gin tnh ton.
Sau y l mt s v d in hnh:
Cch 1: CHN 1 MOL CHT HOC HN HP CHT PHN NG
V d 1: Ho tan mt mui cacbonat kim loi M ha tr n bng mt lng va
dung dch H2SO4 9,8% ta thu c dung dch mui sunfat 14,18%. M l
kim loi g?
PB. Fe.
A. Cu.
C. Al.
D. Zn.
Hng dn gii
Chn 1 mol mui M2(CO3)n.
M2(CO3)n
nH2SO4
98
m dd H 2SO4 =
98n 100
= 1000n gam
9,8
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C%dd mui =
( 2M + 96 ) 100 = 14,18
M = 28.n
n = 2 ; M = 56 l ph hp vy M l Fe. (p n B)
2M + 1016 n
PC. 15%.
B. 16%.
D.13%.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol CH3COOH:
CH3COOH + NaOH CH3COONa + H2O
60 gam 40 gam
m dd CH3COOH =
82 gam
60 100
gam
x
m ddNaOH =
40 100
= 400 gam
10
m dd mui =
60 100
82 100
+ 400 =
gam.
x
10,25
x = 15%. (p n C).
B. Zn.
C. Fe.
D. Mg.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol M(OH)2 tham gia phn ng
M(OH)2 + H2SO4
MSO4 + 2H2O
99
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98 100
= 490 gam
20
m dd H2SO4 =
m dd MSO4 = ( M + 34 + 490 ) =
M = 64
( M + 96 ) 100
27,21
M l Cu. (p n A)
B. 15%.
C. 20%.
PD. 25%.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol hn hp X, ta c:
mx = M X = 7,2 gam.
t n N 2 = a mol , ta c:
28a + 2(1 - a) = 7,2
a = 0,2
2NH3
3H2
p
o
N2
Ban u:
0,2
0,8
Phn ng:
3x
2x
2x
nY = (1 - 2x) mol
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c mX = mY
mY
MY
nY =
(1 - 2x ) =
7,2
8
x = 0,05.
0,05 100
= 25% . (p n D)
0,2
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PC. C4H8.
B. C3H6.
D. C5H10.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol hn hp A gm (a mol CnH2n v (1-a) mol H2)
Ta c:
(1)
Ban u:
Phn ng:
a mol
nB =
mB
MB
(1 - 2a ) =
12,8
16
a = 0,2 mol.
n = 4 anken l C4H8. (p n C)
B. 35%.
C. 45%.
D. 55%.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol C2H5OH. t a mol C2H5OH b oxi ha. Vy a l hiu sut ca
phn ng oxi ha ru.
t
C2H5OH + CuO
CH3CHO + H2O + Cu
o
Ban u:
1 mol
Oxi ha:
a mol a mol
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M=
PC. 14,76.
B. 18,23.
D. 13,48.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol hn hp X mX = 12,4 gam gm a mol N2 v (1 - a) mol H2.
28a + 2(1 - a) = 12,4 a = 0,4 mol
n H 2 = 0,6 mol
xt, t
p
o
N2
Ban u:
0,4
Phn ng:
0,6
0,36
0,16 mol
MY =
12,4
= 14,76 gam . (p n C)
0,84
PB. 9,09%.
C. 11,09%.
Hng dn gii
TL
3O2
2O3
102
15
mol O2
16
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D.13,09%.
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15 1
=
mol
16 16
n O3 = 1 -
n O2 b oxi ho =
1 3 3
= mol
16 2 32
3
100
32
= 9,09% . (p n B)
3 15
+
32 16
V d 9: Ho tan hon ton mt lng kim loi R ha tr n bng dung dch H2SO4
long ri c cn dung dch sau phn ng thu c mt lng mui khan
c khi lng gp 5 ln khi lng kim loi R ban u em ho tan.
Kim loi R l
A. Al.
B. Ba.
C. Zn.
PD. Mg.
Hng dn gii
Xt 1 mol kim loi ng vi R (gam) tham gia phn ng.
2R + nH2SO4 R2(SO4)n + nH2
C R (gam)
( 2R + 96n ) = 5R
2
2R + 96n
gam mui
2
R = 12n tha mn vi n = 2.
Vy: R = 24 (Mg). (p n D)
Cch 2: CHN NG T L LNG CHT TRONG U BI CHO
V d 10: (Cu 48 - M 182 - khi A - TSH 2007)
Hn hp gm hirocacbon X v oxi c t l s mol tng ng l 1:10.
t chy hon ton hn hp trn thu c hn hp kh Y. Cho Y qua
dung dch H2SO4 c, thu c hn hp kh Z c t khi i vi hiro
bng 19. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H8.
B. C3H6.
PC. C4H8.
D. C3H4.
Hng dn gii
t hn hp gm hirocacbon X gm CxHy (1 mol) v O2 (10 mol ).
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y
y
y
mol
2
M Z = 19 2 = 38
( n CO 2 ) 44
38
( n O 2 ) 32
x = 10 - x -
Vy:
y
4
n co2
n o2
1
1
8x = 40 - y.
x = 4, y = 8 tho mn p n C.
47
p.
48
16
p.
17
B. p1 = p.
3
D. p1 = p.
5
Hng dn gii
t A:
y
y
CxHy + x + O2 xCO2 + H 2O
2
4
y 15
=
= 3 mol.
4 5
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n N 2 = 4n O2 = 12 mol
x + = 3
4
x : y 2 = 7 : 4
x=
7
8
; y=
3
3
B. C2H6.
C. C6H12.
PD. C6H14.
C. C4H4.
D. C8H8.
A. C2H2.
B. 25%; 75%.
D. 30%; 70%.
Hng dn gii
a) Chn a = 41 gam.
n CO2 =
132
45
= 3 mol v n H2O =
= 2,5 mol .
44
18
t X + A
2
n CO2 =
165
60,75
= 3,75 mol v n H2O =
= 3,375 mol .
44
18
t X
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105
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1
A thu c (3,75 - 3) = 0,75 mol CO2 v (3,375 - 2,5) = 0,875 mol H2O.
2
n CO2
n H2O
3n + 1
O2
nCO2 + ( n + 1) H 2O
2
n
1,5
=
n = 6 A l C6H14. (p n D)
n + 1 1,75
b) t B thu c (3 - 1,5) = 1,5 mol CO2 v (2,5 - 1,75) = 0,75 mol H2O
Nh vy
nC
1,5
1
=
=
n H 0,75 2 1
B. CmH2m-2.
PC. CnH2n.
D. CnHn.
b) Gi tr m l
A. 2,75 gam.
B. 3,75 gam.
C. 5 gam.
Hng dn gii
a) Chn a = 82 gam
t X v m gam D (CxHy) ta c:
275
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t D:
C6H14 +
19
O2 6CO2 + 7H2O
2
C6H6
15
O2 6CO2 + 3H2O
2
y
y
Cx H y + x + O2
xCO2 + H 2O
4
2
t n C6 H14 = n C6 H6 = b mol ta c:
86b + 78b = 82
b = 0,5 mol.
t 82 gam hn hp X thu c:
PB. 13,5.
C. 14,5.
D. 16.
Hng dn gii
Xt 100 gam hn hp X ta c mC = 3,1 gam, m Fe3C = a gam v s gam Fe
tng cng l 96 gam.
a = 13,5. (p n B)
12a
180
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V d 15: Nung m gam X cha 80% khi lng gam CaCO3 (phn cn li l
tp cht tr) mt thi gian thu c cht rn Y cha 45,65 % CaO.
Tnh hiu sut phn hy CaCO3.
PB. 75%.
A. 50%.
C. 80%.
D. 70%.
Hng dn gii
Chn mX = 100 gam m CaCO3 = 80 gam v khi lng tp cht bng 20 gam.
t
CaCO3
CaO
o
CO2
44 gam
56.80
.h
100
44.80
.h
100
Phn ng:
80 gam
(hiu sut = h)
108
44.80.h
.
100
56 80
45,65
44 80 h
h =
100
100
100
100
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Phn th hai
B. 1s22s2 2p63s23p63d64s2.
C. 1s22s2 2p63s23p63d74s1.
D. 1s22s2 2p63s23p63d8.
B. kh.
C. oxi ha.
D. phn hu.
3. Chn 1 ha cht di y nhn bit cc cht bt sau: K2O, CaO, Al2O3, MgO
A. H2O.
B. dd HCl.
C. dd NaOH.
D. dd H2SO4.
4. t hn hp bt st v it d thu c
A. FeI2.
B. FeI3.
C. hn hp FeI2 v FeI3.
B. c kh thot ra.
C. c kt ta ri tan.
B. 12,8 gam.
C. 16,2 gam.
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D. 12,6 gam.
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B. baz.
C. c kt ta keo trng.
10. Cho 3,87 gam Mg v Al vo 200ml dung dch X gm HCl 1M v H2SO4 0,5M
thu c dung dch B v 4,368 lt H2 ktc. Phn trm khi lng ca Mg v
Al trong hn hp ln lt l
A. 72,09% v 27,91%.
B. 62,79% v 37,21%.
C. 27,91% v 72,09%.
D. 37,21% v 62,79%.
B. axit axetic.
B. 0,4M.
C. 0,3M.
D. 0,1M.
13. em nung mt khi lng Cu(NO3)2 sau mt thi gian dng li, lm ngui,
ri cn thy khi lng gim 0,54g. Vy khi lng mui Cu(NO3)2 b
nhit phn l:
A. 0,5g.
B. 0,49g.
C. 9,4g.
D. 0,94g.
[HF]
.
[H + ][F- ]
B. [H + ][F- ].
C.
[H + ][F- ]
.
[HF]
D.
[H + ][F- ]
.
2[HF]
B. Fe(OH)3.
C. Al(OH)3.
D. Cr(OH)3.
16. Trn 500 ml dung dch HNO3 0,2M vi 500 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,2M. pH
ca dung dch thu c l
A. 13.
110
B. 12.
C. 7.
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D. 1.
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C. gi tr pH.
D. c 3 l do trn.
B. Na2HPO4.
C. NaH2PO4, Na2HPO4.
D. Na2HPO4, Na3PO4.
22. Cho 8,8 gam hai kim loi thuc phn nhm chnh nhm II v hai chu k lin
tip tc dng vi HCl d, thu c 6,72 lt H2 (ktc). Hai kim loi l
A. Be v Mg.
B. Mg v Ca.
C. Mg v Zn.
D. Ca v Ba.
B. baz.
C. trung tnh.
D. khng xc nh c.
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24. Lng qung boxit cha 60% Al2O3 sn xut 1 tn Al (hiu sut 100%) l
A. 3,148 tn.
B. 4,138 tn.
C. 1,667 tn.
D. 1,843 tn.
B. XH2.
C. XH3.
D. XH4.
27. Da vo quy lut bin i tnh cht ca bng HTTH th kim loi mnh nht v
phi kim mnh nht l
A. franxi v iot. B. liti v flo.
C. liti v iot.
D. franxi v flo.
28. Trong mt chu k, s bin i tnh axit - baz ca cc oxit cao nht v cc
hiroxit tng ng theo chiu tng ca in tch ht nhn l
A. tnh axit v baz u tng.
B. tnh axit v baz u gim.
C. tnh axit tng dn, tnh baz gim dn.
D. tnh axit gim dn, tnh baz tng dn.
29. Hai nguyn t A v B thuc cng mt phn nhm chnh chu k 2 v 3 c s
n v in tch ht nhn hn km nhau l
A. 8.
B. 18.
C. 2.
D. 10.
B. Ca.
C. K.
D. Ba.
B. 8O.
C. 20Ca.
D. 17Cl.
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B. C2H5OH.
C. C3H7OH.
D. C3H5OH.
34. Tnh khi lng r etylic cn thit pha c 5 lt ru etylic 90o. Bit
khi lng ring ca ru nguyn cht l 0,8 gam/ml.
A. 3,6 kg.
B. 6,3 kg.
C. 4,5 kg.
D. 5,625 kg.
35. Cng thc n gin nht ca axit hu c A l CH2O. Khi t chy 1 mol A th
thu c 4 mol kh cacbonic. A c CTPT:
A. C2H4O2.
B. C4H4O2.
C. C4H8O2.
D. C4H8O4.
A4
Cu to tho mn ca A1 l
A. HO-CH2-CH2-CHO.
B. CH3-CH2-COOH.
C. HCOO-CH2-CH3.
D. CH3-CO-CH2-OH.
C. C2H3COOH. D. C3H7COOH.
B. cht dn din.
C. sn xut Na2CO3.
D. cht xc tc.
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B. axit 3-metylbutan-1-oic.
C. axit isobutiric.
D. axit 3-metylpentanoic.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 8.
B. CH3-CH(NH2)COOH.
C. CH2=CH-COONH4.
D. A hoc B.
44. Phn ng gia nhiu phn t nh to thnh phn t ln, sau phn ng c gii
phng cc phn t nh, gi l phn ng
A. trng hp.
D. tch nc.
B. 3 lin kt p.
C. 2 lin kt s v 1 lin kt p.
D. 1 lin kt s v 2 lin kt p.
46. Hai hirocacbon A v B u trng thi kh, A c cng thc C2xHy, B c cng
thc CxH2x. Tng s khi ca A v B l 80. A v B l
A. C4H4 v C2H4.
B. C4H8 v C2H4.
C. C2H4v C4H4.
D. C3H4 v C3H6.
47. Phn cng gia ivinyl vi HBr theo t l mol 1:1 thu c ti a my sn
phm?
A. 1.
114
B. 2.
C. 3.
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D. 4.
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B. CH2=CHCl.
C. C6H5CH=CH2.
D. CH2=CH-CH=CH2.
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S 02
1. Bit Fe c s th t 26 trong bng tun hon. Cu hnh no sau y l ca Fe2+?
A. 1s22s2 2p63s23p63d6.
B. 1s22s2 2p63s23p64s23d4.
C. 1s22s2 2p63s23p63d44s2.
D. 1s22s2 2p63s23p64s13d5.
B. xierit.
C. pirit.
D. hemantit.
B. dd HCl.
C. dd NaOH.
D. dd H2SO4.
B. axit HCl.
C. dd NaOH.
D. dd NaHCO3.
D. NaHCO3 c th to mui.
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B. 3,36 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 5,6 lt.
C. dd H2SO4.
D. Cu(OH)2.
B. dd HCl.
10. Tng s ht trong ion M3+ l 37. V tr ca M trong bng tun hon l
A. chu k 3, nhm IIIA.
B. 0,6M.
C. 0,45M.
D. 1,35M.
B. pH > 7.
C. pH < 7.
D. 2 < pH <7.
16. Dung dch HNO3 c pH = 2. Cn pha long dung dch trn bao nhiu ln
thu c dung dch c pH = 3?
A. 1,5 ln.
B. 10 ln.
C. 2 ln.
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D. 5 ln.
117
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17. Hp th 3,36 lt SO2 (ktc) vo 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. Hi dung dch
thu c c cha cht g?
A. Na2SO3.
B. NaHSO3, Na2SO3.
C. NaHSO3.
D. Na2SO3, NaOH.
B. 22,4 lt.
C. 33,6 lt.
D. 44,8 lt.
23. Cho mt s nguyn t sau 10Ne, 11Na, 8O, 16S. Cu hnh electron sau: 1s22s22p6
khng phi l ca ht no trong s cc ht di y?
118
A. Nguyn t Ne.
B. Ion Na+.
C. Ion S2-.
D. Ion O2-.
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B. gim.
C. khng thay i.
D. va tng va gim.
26. Cc nguyn t thuc nhm IIA trong bng h thng tun hon
A. d dng cho cho 2e t cu hnh bn vng.
B. d dng nhn 2e t cu hnh bn vng.
C. d dng nhn 6e t cu hnh bn vng.
D. L cc phi kim hot ng mnh.
27. Ion Y- c cu hnh electron: 1s22s22p63s23p6. V tr ca Y trong bng HTTH l
A. Chu k 3, nhm VIIA.
28. Cho 5,4 gam mt kim loi tc dng ht vi clo, thu c 26,7 gam mui
clorua. Kim loi dng l
A. Fe.
B. Al.
C. Zn.
D. Mg.
B. Al2O3, CuO.
C. Fe2O3, CuO.
D. Al2O3, Fe3O4.
C. khng i mu.
D. mt mu.
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C. mi trng.
D. c A v C.
32. Ho tan hon ton 16,8 gam mui cacbonat ca kim loi ho tr (II) trong HCl
d thu c 4,48 lt (ktc) kh A. Mui cacbonat l
A. MgCO3.
B. CaCO3.
C. BaCO3.
D. ZnCO3.
33. Cho V lt CO2 (ktc) phn ng hon ton vi 200 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 2M
thu c 10 gam kt ta. V c gi tr l
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 22,4 lt.
D. A hoc C.
C. 15,68 lt.
34. Ho tan hon ton 15,9 gam hn hp gm 3 kim loi Al, Mg v Cu bng dung
dch HNO3 thu c 6,72 lt kh NO v dung dch X. em c cn dung dch X
thu c bao nhiu gam mui khan?
A. 77,1 gam.
B. 71,7 gam.
C. 17,7 gam.
D. 53,1 gam.
B. R(COO)nR1.
C. (ROOC)nR1(COOR)m.
D. (RCOO)nR1.
D. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
B. mu xanh.
C. mt mu.
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D. sau mt mu.
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D. este ha.
41. Trong cng nghip ngi ta iu ch axit axetic theo phng php no sau y?
A. Ln men gim.
C. Tng hp t axetilen.
B. gim dn.
C. khng thay i.
D. va tng va gim.
43. Sp xp cc cht sau theo th t lc axit gim dn: etanol (X), phenol (Y), axit
benzoic (Z), p-nitrobenzoic (T), axit axetic (P)
A. X > Y > Z > T > P.
B. C2H5OH v C3H7OH.
C. C2H5OH v C3H5OH.
D. C3H5OH v C4H7OH.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. khng xc nh c.
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B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
49. Thc hin phn ng trng gng 0,75 gam mt anehit n chc A, thu c
10,8 gam Ag. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca A.
A. CH3CHO.
B. HCHO.
C. C2H3CHO.
D. khng xc nh c.
122
A. C2H4COOH.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. C2H3COOH.
D. CH3COOH
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S 03
1. S bin i m in ca cc nguyn t theo th t sau: 11Na, 13Al, 15P, 17Cl
l
A. tng.
B. gim.
C. khng thng i.
D. va tng va gim.
D. Tt c u ng.
B. HBr.
C. HI.
D. HF.
B. 6.
C. 2.
D. 10.
C. -18.
B. +2.
D. +16.
B. s proton.
C. s ntron.
D. s khi.
B. pH > 7.
C. pH < 7.
D. khng xc nh c.
B. R2O3.
C. RO2.
D. R2O5.
C. Na2CO3.
D. Ca(OH)2.
B. HF.
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B. H2O.
B. tc dng vi axit.
C. tc dng vi baz.
D. tc dng vi BaCl2.
15. T Na2CO3 c th iu ch c
A. NaCl.
B. Na2SO4.
C. NaHCO3.
D. C A, B, C.
16. Ho tan ht m gam Kali trong 96,2 gam nc thu c dung dch X c khi
lng ring 1,079 gam/ml (gi thit cht rn chim th tch khng ng k).
Khi lng kali dng l
A. 7,8 gam.
B. 7,6 gam.
C. 3,9 gam.
D. 10,8 gam.
17. Dng ho cht no sau y nhn bit cc dung dch: (NH4)2SO4, AlCl3,
FeCl3, CuCl2, ZnCl2
A. dd NH3.
124
B. dd NaOH.
C. dd Ba(OH)2. D. dd Ca(OH)2.
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18. Cho Al vo hn hp FeCl3 v HCl d. Sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu
c cc mui
A. AlCl3 v FeCl3.
B. AlCl3 v FeCl2.
C. AlCl3.
D. FeCl3.
B. di 2%.
C. trn 5%.
D. 0%.
20. Sc mt th tch CO2 (ktc) vo 200 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 0,01M thy xut
hin 0,1 gam kt ta trng, lc kt ta ri em un nng dung dch thu c
0,1 gam kt ta na. Tnh th tch CO2?
A. 22,4 ml.
B. 44,8 ml.
C. 67,2 ml.
D. 67,2 lt.
NaOH
HCl
HNO3 c ngui
X, Y, Z ln lt l:
A. Fe, Mg, Al.
22. Trong phng th nghim ngi ta iu ch nit bng cch nhit phn amoni
nitrit. Tnh khi lng amoni nitrit cn nhit phn thu c 5,6 lt N2 (ktc).
A. 8 gam.
B. 32 gam.
C. 20 gam.
D. 16 gam.
C. 1 cht v 1 lt.
D. 3 cht v 2 lt.
125
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25. un nng 4,6 gam Na vi 1,55 gam photpho trong iu kin khng c khng
kh, sau khi phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c cht rn A. Ho tan A thu
c kh B.
a) Cht rn A gm:
A. Na3P.
D. Na3P, P.
B. PH3.
D. P2H4.
b) Kh B gm:
A. H2.
C. H2 v PH3.
B. Cl2.
C. Br2.
D. I2.
28. C hin tng g xy ra khi cho dung dch Na2CO3 t t n d vo dung dch
FeCl3?
A. Si bt kh.
B. Kt ta nu .
C. Kt ta nu v si bt kh.
D. Kt ta trng hi xanh v si bt kh.
29. St ty l st trng thic. Nu thic b xc th kim loi no b n mn trc?
A. St.
B. Thic.
C. C 2 b n mn nh nhau.
D. Khng xc nh c.
B. H2SO4.
C. HBr.
D. HF.
126
B. 3.
C. 4.
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D. 5.
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32. Este A cha ti a 4 nguyn t cacbon trong phn t. Thu phn hon ton A
thu c B, C. Bit rng B, C u c phn ng trng gng. CTCT ca A l
A. CH3COOCH=CH2.
B. HCOOC2H5.
C. HCOOCH=CH2.
D. HCOOCH2CH=CH2.
B. baz.
C. trung tnh.
D. khng xc nh.
C. axit propenoic.
D. Axit propanoic.
38. t chy hon ton m gam mt axit Y thu c th tch CO2 bng th tch hi
nc cng iu kin. Mt khc t khi hi ca Y so vi nit nh hn 2,5. Y
c cng thc l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. C2H3COOH. D. c A v B
B. C2H6O2.
C. C2H4O2.
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D. C3H8O3.
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B. qu tm v NaOH.
C. Na2CO3 v NaOH.
D. NaOH v Ag2O/NH3.
B. 2 v 3.
C. 1 v 3.
D. 2 v 2.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D.6.
Ct 2
phenyl clorua
metylen clorua
allyl clorua
vinyl clorua
clorofom
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
CH3Cl
CH2=CHCl
CHCl3
C6H5Cl
CH2=CH-CH2Cl
CH2Cl2
B. 7.
C. 8.
D. mt kt qu khc.
B. CH3COCH3.
C. CH3CH2CHO.
D. C A, B.
46. CTCT tng qut ca anken c biu din nh sau: R1R2C=CR3R4. iu kin
xut hin ng phn hnh hc l
128
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A. R1 R2 R3 R4.
B. R1 R2 hoc R3 R4.
C. R1 R2 v R3 R4.
D. R1 R3 v R2 R4.
47. t chy hon ton mt hirocacbon A thu c 3,3 gam CO2 v 1,8 gam
H2O. Cng thc tng qut ca A l
A. CnH2n+2.
B. CnH2n.
C. CnH2n-2.
D. CnH2n-6.
B. Mu xanh.
C. Mu tm.
D. Khng mu.
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S 04
1. Nguyn t X c cu hnh electron l: 1s22s22p5 th ion to ra t nguyn t X c
cu hnh electron no sau y:
A. 1s22s22p4.
B. 1s22s22p6.
C. 1s22s22p63s2. D. 1s2.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
B. V v V.
C. III v III.
11Na, 12Mg, 13Al.
D. V v III.
B. 0,1M.
C. 0,005M.
D. 0,05M.
8. Sc V lt CO2 (ktc) vo 300ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 1,5M d thy xut hin
59,1 gam kt ta trng. Tnh V?
130
A. 6,72 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 13,44 lt.
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B. Al2O3.
C. Na2O.
D. CaO.
D. c mu xm.
14. in phn nng chy mui clorua ca mt kim loi kim, thu c 0,896 lt
kh (ktc) anot v 3,12 gam kim loi catot. Cng thc ca mui in
phn l
A. NaCl.
B. LiCl.
C. KCl.
D. CsCl.
B. 100 ml.
C. 400 ml.
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D. 1000 ml.
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16. Cho Na vo cc dung dch BaCl2, CuSO4, NaHSO4, NH3, NaNO3. Quan st
thy c chung mt hin tng l
A. c kh bay ra.
B. c kt ta xanh.
C. c kt ta trng.
D. C 3 p n trn u sai.
2NH3
N2 + 3H2
2NH3
[NH 3 ]
.
[N 2 ][H 2 ]
B. K =
[N 2 ][H 2 ]
.
[NH 3 ]
C. K =
[NH 3 ]2
.
[N 2 ][H 2 ]3
D. K =
[N 2 ][H 2 ]2
.
[NH 3 ]
20. Cho 1,3 gam mui clorua ca Fe (ha tr n) tc dng vi AgNO3 d, thu c
3,444 gam bc clorua. Cng thc ca mui st l
A. FeCl3.
B. FeCl2, FeCl3.
C. FeCl2.
D. khng xc nh c.
21. Ho tan hon ton 7,8 gam hn hp (Mg, Al) bng dung dch HCl d th thu
c 8,96 lt kh hiro (ktc). C cn dung dch thu c thu c hn hp
mui khan c khi lng l
A. 3,62 gam.
B. 29,1 gam.
C. 39,75 gam.
D. 36,2 gam.
B. AgNO3.
C. PbCl2.
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D. HgSO4.
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23. Mt loi thu tinh c thnh phn phn trm v khi lng cc oxit: 75% SiO2,
13% Na2O v 12% CaO. Cng thc ha hc ca loi thu tinh ny l
A. Na2O. CaO.4SiO2.
B. Na2O.2CaO.5SiO2.
C. 2Na2O.CaO.6SiO2.
D. Na2O.CaO.6SiO2.
B. Ca(OH)2.
C. Na2CO3.
D.CuSO4.
25. iu ch 1 tn clo bng cch in phn nng chy NaCl ngi ta phi dng
ti thiu l 1,735 tn NaCl. Vy hiu sut ca qu trnh l
A.59%.
B. 85%.
C. 90%.
D. 95%.
26. Mt loi qung hematit c cha 60% st (III) oxit. Khi lng st ti a c th
iu ch c t 1 tn qung ny l
A. 4,6 tn.
B. 0,42 tn.
C. 0,7 tn.
D. 1,16 tn.
B. mu tm.
C. mu .
D. mu xanh.
B. NH4NO3.
C. (NH2)2CO.
D. Ca(NO3)2.
B. dd H2SO4.
C. H2O.
D. dd Na2CO3.
B. Br2 / Fe,to.
C. dd KMnO4.
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D. dd Br2.
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B. C2H5OH.
C. C3H5OH.
D. C3H7OH.
33. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol axit hu c X thu c 3,36 lt CO2 (o 0oC,
2atm) v 5,4 gam H2O. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C3H4O2.
B. C3H6O2.
C. C2H2O4.
C2H4O2.
34. Cho 4 cht CH3COOH, C2H5OH, HCOOCH3, CH3COOCH3. Cht t tan trong
nc nht l
A. CH3COOH.
B. C2H5OH.
C. HCOOCH3.
D. CH3COOCH3.
B. 9,7 gam.
C. 11,4 gam.
D. 5,2 gam.
37. C bao nhiu ng phn c tnh cht lng tnh ng vi cng thc phn t
C2H5O2N? (khng k ng phn cis-trans)
A. 1.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
C. lin kt peptit.
D. A hoc C.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 12.
B. este ha.
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B. l ng phn ca nhau.
C. u c 2 nguyn t C.
D. u c 4 nguyn t hiro.
42. Trong phng th nghim, khi iu ch etilen bng cch un ru etylic vi axit
sunfuric c nng 170oC th etilen thu c thng c ln SO2, ngi ta dn
kh qua dung dch no thu c etilen tinh khit?
A. Br2.
B. KMnO4.
C. NaOH.
D. Na2CO3.
B. CH2=CCl-CH3.
C. CH2Cl-CH2-CH3.
D. CH3-CHCl-CH3.
44. Kh nng phn ng th brom vo vng benzen ca cht no cao nht trong ba
cht benzen, phenol v axit benzoic?
A. benzen.
B. phenol.
C. axit benzoic.
D. c ba phn ng nh nhau.
B. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH.
C. (CH3)3COH.
B. CH3CH2CH2OH.
C. CH3CH(CH3)OH.
D. CH3CH(CH3)OHCH3.
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A. Cht oxi ha .
B. Cht kh.
D. Tt c u sai.
B. 12,15.
C. 15,12.
D. 22,5.
136
A. mt mu.
B. khng i mu.
C. chuyn thnh mu .
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S 05
1. Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t
39
19
K l 1s22s22p63s23p64s1. Vy nguyn t K
c c im:
A. K thuc chu k 4, nhm IA.
B. NaOH.
C. Mg(OH)2.
D. Be(OH)2.
B. 26Fe2+.
C. 20Ca2+.
D. 24Cr3+.
B. Mg.
26
13
X,
26
12
Y,
27
13
Z,
C. F.
24
12
D. Ne.
T . iu no sau y l sai:
A. X v Y l hai ng v ca nhau.
B. X v Z l hai ng v ca nhau.
C. Y v T l hai ng v ca nhau.
D. X v T u c s proton v s ntron bng nhau.
6. Cho mt s nguyn t sau 8O, 16S, 6C, 7N, 1H. Bit rng tng s proton trong
phn t kh XY2 l 18. Kh XY2 l
A. SO2.
B. CO2.
C. NO2.
D. H2S.
B. 11 proton, 12 ntron.
C. 13 proton, 10 ntron.
D. 11 proton, 12 electron.
8. Ha tan 1,3 gam kim loi A ho tr II vo dung dch H2SO4 d, thu c 0,448
lt kh H2 (27,3oC v 1,1 atm). Kim loi A l
A. Fe.
B. Zn.
C. Mg.
D. Pb.
B. HSO4-.
C. PO43-.
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D. Mg2+.
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10. in phn nng chy Al2O3 vi cc in cc bng than ch, kh thot ra anot l
A. O2.
B. CO.
D. c B v C.
C. CO2.
B. dd H2SO4.
C. dd NH3.
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D. c A v C u ng.
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B. Na2CO3.
C. NH4HCO3.
D. (NH4)2CO3.
17. Ngi ta khng thng dng phng php no sau y iu ch kim loi?
A. Phng php nhit luyn.
18. m gam kim loi kim X trong khng kh thu c 6,2 gam oxt. Ha tan
ton b lng oxit trong nc c dung dch Y. trung ha dung dch Y
cn va 100 ml dung dch H2SO4 1M. Kim loi X l
A. Li.
B. Na.
C. K.
C. Cs.
19. Thm 100 cm3 dung dch NaOH 7 M vo 100 cm3 dung dch Al2(SO4)3 1M.
Nng mol/l ca cc ion thu c trong dung dch sau phn ng l
A. [Na+] = 3,5M, [SO42-] = 1,5M, [AlO2-] = 0,5M.
B. [Na+] = 0,5M, [SO42-] = 0,3M.
C. [Na+] = 0,7M, [SO42-] = 1,5M, [Al3+] = 0,1M.
D. [Na+] = 3,5M, [SO42-] = 0,3M, [AlO2-] = 0,5M.
20. Trong cng nghip hin i ngi ta iu ch Al bng cch no?
A. in phn nng chy.
B. in phn mui AlCl3 nng chy.
C. Dng Na kh AlCl3 nng chy.
D. Nhit phn Al2O3.
21. Nung hn hp A gm bt Al v Fe2O3 trong iu kin khng c khng kh,
thu c hn hp B. Ha tan B trong HCl d thu c H2. Trong B gm
A. Al2O3, Fe.
B. Al2O3, Fe, Al .
D. C A, B, C u ng.
B. baz.
C. trung tnh.
D. A v B.
23. Ha tan hon ton mt hn hp gm hai kim loi Fe v Cu bng dung dch HNO3
c nng th thu c 22,4 lt kh mu nu. Nu thay axit HNO3 bng axit H2SO4
c nng th thu c bao nhiu lt kh SO2 (cc kh u c o ktc)?
A. 22,4 lt.
B. 11,2 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
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D. kt qu khc.
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B. kh O2.
C. hn hp kh NO2 v O2.
D. hn hp kh NO v O2.
B. cht kh.
C. t oxi ho kh.
B. 0,36%.
C. 0,48%.
D. 4%.
27. R l nguyn t thuc phn nhm chnh nhm VI. Trong hp cht vi H n
chim 94,12% v khi lng. Nguyn t R l
A. O.
B. S.
D. N.
D. Cl.
28. iu ch c c 3 kim loi Na, Ca, Al ngi ta dng phng php no sau
y?
A. Nhit luyn.
B. Thy luyn.
29. Cho dung dch Na2CO3 vo dung dch AlCl3, un nng nh, thy
A. c kt ta trng.
B. c kh bay ra.
D. c A v B.
140
A. 5 nguyn t cacbon.
B. 6 nguyn t cacbon.
C. 7 nguyn t cacbon.
D. 8 nguyn t cacbon.
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B.b-amino axit.
C. g-amino axit.
D. d-amino axit.
35. Phn ng gia axit fomic vi Ag2O trong dung dch NH3 l
A. phn ng trng gng.
D. C A v B.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. CH2=CHCOOH.
D. CH2=CHCH2COOH.
38. t chy hon ton 1 lt propan, th th tch CO2 sinh ra cng iu kin l
A. 5 lt.
B. 3 lt.
C. 6,72 lt.
D. 0,1339 lt.
B. este no a chc.
C. este no n chc.
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B. 1:2.
C. 2:1.
D. 1:3.
B. Ankan v ankin.
C. Anken v anken.
D. C A,B, C u ng.
42. Hp cht X c cng thc phn t C3H5Cl3. Thy phn hon ton X thu c
cht Y. Y tc dng c vi Na gii phng H2 v c phn ng trng gng. X
c cng thc cu to l
A. CH 2Cl - CHCl - CH 2Cl
B. CH 3 - CHCl - CHCl2
CH 3 - CH 2 - CCl3
CH 3 - CCl 2 - CH 2Cl
C. CH 3 - CHCl - CHCl2
D. CH 2Cl - CH 2 - CHCl 2
CH 2Cl - CHCl - CH 2Cl
CHCl 2 - CH 2 - CH 2Cl
43. C8H10O c bao nhiu ng phn cha vng benzen. Bit rng cc ng phn
ny u tc dng c vi Na nhng khng tc dng c vi NaOH?
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 8.
D. 10.
44. Mt axit cacboxylic no mch h c cng thc thc nghim dng (C2H4O)n.
Tm gi tr ca n?
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
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D. 4.
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B. C2H4(OH)2.
C. C4H8(OH)2.
D. C3H8(OH)2.
A. 2-isopropylbutanal.
B. 2-etyl-3-metylbutanal.
C. 2-etyl-3-metylbutan.
D. 2-etyl-3-metylbutanol.
B. T visco.
C. T axetat.
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D. nilon-6.
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S 06
1. Nguyn t cc nguyn t trong mt phn nhm chnh ca bng HTTH c cng
A. s ntron.
B. s lp electron.
C. S proton.
D. S e lp ngoi cng.
52
24
B. 3 v VIIIA.
C. 3 v VIIIB.
D. 4 v IIA.
C. 27.
D. 52.
A. 21.
B. 24.
C. Ru etylic.
D. Nc bin.
B. NH4+.
C. Na+.
D. CO32-.
B. 0,2 gam.
C. 0,1 gam.
D. 2 gam.
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B. Gim i 1 mol/l.
C. Tng ln 10 ln.
D. Gim i 10 ln.
11. Ha tan hon ton hn hp gm Fe v Fe3O4 bng dung dch HNO3 thu c
2,24 lt kh NO (ktc). Nu thay dung dch HNO3 bng dung dch H2SO4 c
nng th thu c kh g, th tch l bao nhiu?
A. H2, 3,36 lt.
12. Cho cc hp cht: NH4+, NO2, N2O, NO3-, N2. Th t gim dn s oxi ha ca
N l
A. N2 > NO3- > NO2 > N2O > NH4+.
B. NO3- > N2O > NO2 > N2 > NH4+.
C. NO3- > NO2 > N2O > N2 > NH4+.
D. NO3- > NO2 > NH4+ > N2 > N2O.
13. iu kin thng photpho hot ng mnh hn nit v
A. nguyn t P c in tch ht nhn ln hn nguyn t N.
B. nguyn t P c obitan 3d cn trng cn nguyn t N khng c.
C. nguyn t P c m in nh hn nguyn t N.
D. phn t photpho km bn hn phn t nit.
14. Dy cht no sau y phn ng c vi dung dch axit nitric?
A. Fe2O3, Cu, Pb, P.
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B. Fe3O4.
C. FeO.
D. FeO4.
19. sn xut gang trong l cao ngi ta un qung hmatit (cha Fe2O3) vi
than cc. Cc phn ng xy ra theo th t
CO
CO
CO
C
A. Fe2O3
Fe3O4
FeO
Fe
Fe3C.
CO
CO
CO
C
B. Fe3O4
Fe2O3
FeO
Fe
Fe3C.
CO
CO
CO
C
C. Fe2O3
FeO
Fe3O4
Fe
Fe3C.
CO
CO
CO
C
D. FeO
Fe2O3
Fe3O4
Fe
Fe3C.
B. Mg.
C. Cu.
D. Na.
21. Kh hon ton 31,9 gam hn hp Fe2O3 v FeO bng H2 nhit cao, to
thnh 9 gam H2O. Khi lng st iu ch c t hn hp trn l
A. 23,9 gam.
B. 19,2 gam.
C. 23,6 gam.
D. 30,581 gam.
22. Trong phng th nghim ngi ta iu ch H2S bng cch cho FeS tc dng vi
146
A. dd HCl.
B. dd H2SO4 .nng.
C. dd HNO3.
D. nc ct.
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23. Lu hunh trong cht no trong s cc hp cht sau: H2S, SO2, SO3, H2SO4
va c tnh oxi ha va c tnh kh?
A. H2S.
B. SO2.
C. SO3.
D. H2SO4.
B. 1 v 5.
C. 2 v 10.
D. 5 v 1.
B. ZnS.
C. FeS.
D. PbS.
B. KMnO4.
C. H2O2.
D. O3.
28. NaBrO3 c tn gi l g?
A. natrihipobromit.
B. natribromua.
C. natribromit.
D. natribromat.
29. Cho 1,3 gam st clorua tc dng vi bc nitrat d thu c 3,444 gam kt ta.
Ha tr ca st trong mui st clorua trn l
A. I.
B. II.
C. III.
D. IV.
30. Chn mt thuc th di y nhn bit c cc dung dch sau: HCl, KI,
ZnBr2, Mg(NO3)2.
A. dung dch AgNO3.
C. giy qu tm.
B. 5,4 gam.
C. 4,0 gam.
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D. 1,35 gam.
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32. t chy ht a mol mt amino axit c 2a mol CO2 v a/2 mol N2. Amino
axit trn c cng thc cu to l
A. H2NCH2COOH.
B. H2N[CH2]2COOH.
C. H2N[CH2]3COOH.
D. H2NCH[COOH]2.
33. nhn bit protit ngi ta cho vo dung dch vi git HNO3, un nng thu
c hp cht c mu
B. .
A. vng.
C. tm xanh.
D. khng r rt.
B. CnH2nO2.
C. Cn+1H2nO2.
D. CnH2n+2O2.
B. 4n.
C. 3n.
D. 5n.
B. 60 gam.
C. 88 gam.
B. HO-CH2-CH2-CHO.
C. CH3COOCH3.
D. HCOOCH2CH3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
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B. AgNO3/NH3 v Cu(OH)2.
D. Na v AgNO3/NH3.
CH3CH=CHCH3 (II)
(CH3)2CHCH2CH3 (III)
CH3CBrCHCH3 (IV)
CH3CH(OH)CH3 (V)
CHCl=CH2 (VI)
A. (II).
B. (II) v (VI).
C. (II) v (IV).
B. C4H10.
C. C4H8.
D. C5H12.
43. Dn 5,6 lt kh (ktc) hn hp hai olefin qua bnh cha brom d thy khi
lng bnh tng 11,9 gam. S nguyn t C trung bnh ca hai olefin l
A. 4, 3.
B. 3, 4.
C. 3, 5.
D. 3, 2.
B. CH3-CH=CHCl.
C. C6H5CH2Cl.
D. A v C.
47. Thc hin phn ng trng gng mt anehit n chc (tr HCHO) th t l mol
n anehit :n Ag l
A. 1:2.
B. 1:4.
C. 2n:1.
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D. 1:2n.
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Br2/Fe, to
dd NaOH
X, Y, Z, T c cng thc ln lt l
A. p-CH3-C6H4Br, p-CH2Br-C6H4Br, p-CH2OH-C6H4Br, p-CH2OH-C6H4OH
B. p-CH2Br-C6H5, p-CH2Br-C6H4Br, p-CH2OH-C6H4Br, p-CH2OH-C6H4OH
C. p-CH2Br-C6H5, p-CH2Br-C6H4Br, p-CH3-C6H4OH,
p-CH2OH-C6H4OH
B. baz.
D. axit.
150
B. 2.
C. 3.
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D. 4.
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S 07
1. Nguyn t m nguyn t ca chng c electron cui cng xp vo phn lp p
gi l
A. nguyn t s.
B. 47 v 108.
C. 45 v 137.
D. 47 v 94.
4. Cho mt s nguyn t sau 8O, 6C, 14Si. Bit rng tng s electron trong anion
XY32- l 32. Vy anion XY32- l
A. CO32-.
B. SO32-.
C. SiO32-.
D. mt anion khc.
B. 150 ml.
C. 600 ml.
D. 200 ml.
B. Na2CO3.
C. K2SO4.
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D. C A, B v C.
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B. 13.
C. 2.
D. 4.
B. khng kh.
C. HNO3.
D. hn hp NH4Cl v NaNO2.
B. dd NaOH.
C. dd Ba(OH)2. D. NH3.
152
B. 0,3 mol.
C. 0,6 mol.
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D. 0,15 mol.
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15. in phn mt dung dch c cha HCl, CuCl2. pH ca dung dch bin i nh
th no theo thi gian in phn?
A. Tng dn n pH = 7 ri khng i.
B. Gim dn.
C. Tng dn n pH > 7 ri khng i.
D. pH khng i, lun nh hn 7.
16. Cho s :
A B C D
NaCl
B. NaOH
Na
C. NaHCO3
D. Na2CO3
NaOH
Na2CO3.
Na2CO3
NaCl
NaHCO3.
NaOH
NaHCO3
NaCl
Na2CO3.
NaOH.
17. Cho dung dch NaOH c pH = 12 (dung dch A). Thm 0,5885 gam NH4Cl
vo 100 ml dung dch A, un si, ngui, thm mt t ru qu tm vo.
Dung dch c
A. mu xanh.
B. mu .
C. khng mu.
B. Al.
C. Mg.
D. Fe.
19. Ha tan hon ton 6,4 gam hn hp Fe v FexOy trong HCl d, thu c 2,24
lt H2 ktc. Nu em hn hp trn phn ng vi H2 d th thu c 0,2 gam
H2O. Cng thc ca FexOy l
A. FeO.
B. Fe2O3.
C. Fe3O4.
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D. khng xc nh c.
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B. ZnO.
C. CaO.
D. CuO.
B. FeS2.
C. Fe2O3.
D. FeO.
23. Ly cng s mol KMnO4 v MnO2 ln lt cho tc dng vi dung dch HCl
c d th cht no phn ng to ra lng clo nhiu hn?
A. MnO2.
B. KMnO4.
C. Nh nhau.
D. Khng xc nh c.
B. Tn m hng.
C. Giy qu tm kh.
D. Giy qu tm m.
B. Qu tm m.
D. C A, B, C u ng.
B. P2O5.
C. H2SO4.
D. CaO.
27. Trong phng th nghim ngi ta thu kh nit bng phng php di nc v
A. N2 nh hn khng kh.
B. N2 rt t tan trong nc.
C. N2 khng duy tr s sng, s chy.
D. N2 ha lng, ha rn nhit rt thp.
28. 300 ml dung dch NaOH 1M c th hp th ti a bao nhiu lt kh CO2
(ktc)?
A. 0,336 lt.
154
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 6,72 lt.
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D. 2,24 lt.
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29. Oxi ha hon ton 0,728 gam bt Fe ta thu c 1,016 gam hn hp hai oxit
st (hn hp A). Ha tan hn hp A bng dung dch axit nitric long d. Tnh
th tch kh NO duy nht bay ra ( ktc).
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 0,0224 lt.
C. 3,36 lt.
D. 0,336 lt.
D. nc ct.
31. Khi lng axit axetic c trong dm n thu c khi cho ln men 1 lt ru
etylic 8o (d ca ru nguyn cht 0,8g/ml), hiu sut 80% l
A. 66,78 gam.
B. 13,04 gam.
C. 1,3 gam.
D. kt qu khc.
B. CH3COOH v C2H3COOH.
C. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
D. C2H3COOH v C3H5COOH.
B. C3H4O3.
C. C4H6O4.
D. C3H4O4.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 7.
B. 11 lin kt s v 3 lin kt p.
C. 12 lin kt s v 2 lin kt p.
D. 11 lin kt s v 2 lin kt p.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
B. C2H4O2.
C. CH2.
D. CH2O.
B. 3.
C. 4.
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D. 5.
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B. n-pentan.
C. isopentan.
D. n-butan.
B. Tch nc t etanol.
B. 35,2 gam.
C. 70,4 gam.
D. 140,8 gam.
B. Ru a chc.
C. Ru no.
D. Ru khng no c 1 ni i.
43. Cho 5,8 gam mt anehit n chc tc dng vi AgNO3/NH3 thu c 21,6
gam Ag kim loi. Anehit c cng thc l
A. HCHO.
B. CH3CHO.
C. C2H3CHO.
D. C2H5CHO.
B. CH2=CH-CH2OH.
C. CH3CH2CHO. D. A, B v C
45. Thu phn hon ton 1 mol este sinh ra 3 mol axit v 1 mol ru. Este c
cng thc dng:
A. R(COOR)3. B. RCOOR.
C. R(COO)3R. D. (RCOO)3R.
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B. ion.
D. c A v B.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
B. CH2=CH-COOCH3.
C. CH2=CH-Cl .
D. CH3COOCH=CH2.
50. Cho 1 dung dch cha 6,75 gam mt amin no n chc bc (I) tc dng vi
dung dch AlCl3 d thu c 3,9 gam kt ta. Amin c cng thc l
A. CH3NH2.
B. (CH3)2NH.
C. C2H5NH2.
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D. C3H7NH2.
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S 08
1. Ion X2+ c cu hnh electron l 1s22s22p6. Xc nh v tr ca X trong bng
HTTH?
A. Chu k 2, nhm VIIIA.
B. 12.
C. 18.
D. 9.
B. N2.
C. N2O5.
D. NH4NO3.
B. 50 ml.
C. 12,5 ml.
D. 2,5 ml.
B. PbSO4.
C. NH3.
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D. Cu.
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8. Sc 1,12 lt CO2 vo 500 ml dung dch NaOH 0,2M. dung dch thu c c
pH bng bao nhiu?
A. pH < 7.
B. pH > 7.
C. pH = 7.
D. pH = 14.
[CH 3COOH][OH - ]
[CH 3COO - ][H 2O]
B.
[CH 3COO- ]
[CH 3COO - ][OH - ]
C.
[CH 3COOH][OH - ]
[CH 3COO- ]
D. [CH 3COOH][OH - ]
11. Mt dung dch c cha 4 ion vi thnh phn: 0,01 mol Na+, 0,02 mol Mg2+,
0,015 mol SO42-, x mol Cl-. Gi tr ca x l
A. 0,015.
B. 0,035.
C. 0,02.
D. 0,01.
B. un nng.
B. Cu2S v Cu2O.
C. CuS v Cu2O.
D. CuS v CuO.
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B. K2SO4. Al2(SO4)3.12H2O.
B. NaCl + NaClO2.
C. NaCl + NaClO.
D. CaOCl2+ CaCl2.
18. Dung dch mui n c ln tp cht l NaBr v NaI. thu c mui n tinh
khit ngi ta sc vo kh X n d, sau c cn. Kh X l
A. Cl2.
B. F2.
C. O2.
D. HCl.
B. KNO2 v O2.
C. K2O v NO2.
D. KNO2 v NO2.
20. Cho 4,05 gam nhm kim loi phn ng vi dung dch HNO3 d thu c kh
NO duy nht. Khi lng ca NO l
A. 4,5 gam.
B. 6,9 gam.
C. 3 gam.
D. 6,75 gam.
B. NaCl.
C. AgNO3.
D. Cu(NO3)2.
22. C 6 dung dch NaCl, FeCl2, FeCl3, MgCl2, NH4Cl, (NH4)2SO4. Dng kim loi
no sau y c th phn bit 6 dung dch trn?
A. Na.
B. Ba.
C. Al.
D. Tt c u sai.
23. Ha tan 8,3 gam hn hp 2 kim loi Al v Fe bng dung dch HCl long thu
c 0,5 gam kh H2. C cn dung dch thu c hn hp mui c khi lng
bng bao nhiu?
A. 26,05 gam.
B. 25,6 gam.
C. 29,6 gam.
D. 26,9 gam.
B. HCl v FeCl3.
C. CuCl2 v HCl.
D. B v C.
B. FeCO3.
C. Fe2O3
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D. Fe3O4.
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B. MgCl2.
C. Ba(NO3)2.
D. NaOH.
28. Cho 0,1 mol Na v 0,1 mol Al vo nc d th sinh ra bao nhiu lt kh H2 (ktc)?
A. 4,48 lt.
B. 1,12 lt.
C. 6,72 lt.
D. 22,4 lt.
D. A, B, C u ng.
B. 8 v 8.
D. 18 v 18.
D. 18 v 8.
B. C3H8.
C. C3H6.
D. C4H8.
D. o-clotoluen.
34. Etylen glicol phn ng vi Cu(OH)2 thu c phc mu xanh thm. Cc loi
lin kt ha hc c trong phc l
A. lin kt cng ha tr.
B. lin kt ion.
D. c A v C.
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B. CH2=CH-CH2OH.
D. (CH3)3CHOH.
B. 2-metylbutanol-2.
D. 3-metylbutanol-1.
B. y = 2x + 2.
C. y = 2x - 2.
D. y = 2x - 4.
41. Cho a mol mt anehit Y phn ng ht vi AgNO3/ NH3 thu c 4a mol Ag.
Anehit Y l
A. HCHO.
B. (CHO)2.
C. R(CHO)2.
D. tt c u ng.
42. Cht no sau y c nhiu trong thuc l?
A. heroin.
B. nicotin.
C. morphin.
D. caroten.
43. Oxi ha 2,2 gam anehit X thu c 3 gam axit tng ng. Xc nh cng
thc ca anehit?
A. (CHO)2.
B. CH3CHO.
C. CH = CH - CH = CH
D. c B v C
|
CHO
CHO
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A. CH3COOH.
B. (COOH)2.
C. CH2(COOH)2.
D. c A, B, C u ng.
46. Trung ha hon ton 1,8 gam mt axit hu c n chc bng mt lng va
dung dch NaOH. C cn dung dch sau phn ng 2,46 gam mui khan.
Cng thc axit l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. CH2=CHCOOH.
D. C2H2COOH.
B. CH 3 - CH - COOH
I
OH
C. HCOOCH2 - CH3.
D. CH 2 - CH - CHO
I
OH OH
48. phn bit du nht bi trn ng c v du thc vt, ngi ta dng cch
no sau y?
A. Ha tan vo nc, cht no nh ni ln mt nc l du thc vt.
B. Cht no tan trong dung dch HCl l du nht.
C. un nng vi dung dch NaOH, sau ngui. Cho sn phm thu
c phn ng vi Cu(OH)2, thy to ra dung dch mu xanh thm l
du thc vt.
D. Tt c u sai.
49. Hp cht no sau y khng phi l aminoaxit?
A. H2N - CH2 - CH2 - COOH.
B. CH 3 - CH - COOH
I
NH 2
C. HOOC - CH - CH 2 - COOH
D. HCOO - CH - CH 2 - COOH
NH 2
NH 2
50. phn bit ba mu ha cht: phenol, axit acrylic, axit axetic c th dng
A. dung dch brom.
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S 09
1. Tn l st trng km. Nu tn b xc th kim loi no b n mn nhanh hn?
A. Zn.
B. Fe.
C. c hai b n mn nh nhau.
D. khng xc nh c.
B. 3,63 gam.
C. 6,33 gam.
D. 33,6 gam.
B. Mg2Si.
C. MgSi2.
D. Mg3Si2.
B. St.
C. Natri.
D. Canxi.
B. CO2.
C. SiO2.
D. SO2.
C. (NH4)2SO4.
D. (NH2)2CO.
B. NaNO3.
B. BaCl2.
C. Zn(NO3)2.
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D. CuSO4.
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t
B. C + 2H2
CH4
t
C. 3C + 4Al
Al4C3
t
D. 3C + CaO
CaC2 + CO
B. CaHPO4.
C. Ca3(PO4)2.
D. Ca(H2PO4)2 + 2CaSO4.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
2
B. 3 v II.
C. 3 v III.
D. 3 v I.
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17. Trn ln 200 ml dung dch HCl 0,125M vi 300 ml dung dch NaOH 0,1M thu
c dung dch A. pH ca dung dch A l
A. 2.
B. 12.
C. 13.
D. 11.
19. in phn dung dch AgNO3 n khi nc b in phn catot th dng li.
Dung dch thu c c mi trng
A. axit.
B. baz.
C. trung tnh.
D. khng xc nh c.
B. phi kim.
C. kh him.
21. Thi 8,96 lt CO (ktc) qua 16 gam FexOy nung nng. Dn ton b lng kh
sau phn ng qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thy to ra 30 gam kt ta. Khi
lng st thu c l
A. 9,2 gam.
B. 6,4 gam.
C. 9,6 gam.
D. 11,2 gam.
B. st (II) clorua.
23. in phn dung dch NaCl long khng c mng ngn thu c
A. nc Javen.
B. nc clo.
C. nc cng thu.
D. nc ty mu.
24. Ho tan ht 0,1 mol K vo m gam nc thu c dung dch c nng 25%.
Khi lng nc dng l
A. 22,4 gam.
B. 1,8 gam.
C. 18,6 gam.
D. 0,9 gam.
166
A. chim t 25%.
B. trn 5%.
C. di 2%.
D. di 0,2%.
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26. t hn hp Fe vi S thu c
A. FeS.
B. FeS2.
C. Fe2S3.
D. Fe2S.
27. Canxi oxit c iu ch bng cch nhit phn CaCO3 theo phng trnh sau
o
t
CaCO3 CaO + CO2 ;
DH > 0
B. Ca3(PO4)2.
C. CaP2O7.
D. 3Ca3(PO4)2.CaF2.
29. Cho dung dch Na2CO3 vo dung dch AlCl3, un nng nh thy c
A. c kh bay ra.
B. c kt ta trng ri tan.
C. kt ta trng.
D. c A v C.
B. 4,0 gam.
C. 1,35 gam.
D. 2,7 gam.
B. rn.
C. kh.
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D. khng xc nh c.
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B. [-CH2-CH(CH3)-]n.
C. [-CH2-C(CH3)=CH-CH2-]n.
D. (-CH2-CCl=CH-CH2-)n.
35. Chn mt ha cht phn bit cc dung dch ru etylic, anehit axetic, phenol?
A. dung dch brom.
C. Na.
B. CH3CHO.
C. C2H5CHO.
D. C3H7CHO.
B. (CHO)2.
C. CH3CHO.
D. c A, B u ng.
C. ru c lin kt hiro.
D. c B, C.
B. 2,34 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
D. kt qu khc.
42. Cho Na phn ng hon ton vi 18,8 gam hn hp hai ru no n chc k tip
nhau trong dy ng ng sinh ra 5,6 lt khi H2 ktc. CTPT ca hai ru l
168
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A, C4H9OH v C5H11OH.
B. CH3OH v C2H5OH.
C. C3H7OH v C4H9OH.
D. C2H5OH vC3H7OH.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
B. 4,48 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
D. 3,584 lt.
A. 2-metyl-3-etylbutanoic.
B. 3-etyl-2metylbutanoic.
C. 2-etyl-3-metylbutanoic.
D. 3-metyl-2etylbutanoic.
47. Mt anehit khi tham gia phn ng trng gng c t l mol nanehit : nag = 1 : 4.
Anehit l
A. 1 anehit n chc.
B. 1 anehit 2 chc.
C. anehit fomic.
D. c B v C.
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B. R(COO)nR1.
C. (ROOC)nR1(COOR)m.
D. (RCOO)nR1.
50. Hai este A, B l ng phn ca nhau. 17,6 gam hn hp trn chim th tch
bng th tch ca 6,4 gam oxi cng iu kin. Hai este l
A. CH3COOCH3 v HCOOC2H5.
B. CH3COOC2H5 v HCOOC3H7.
C. HCOOC3H7 v C3H7COOH.
D. CH3COOCH3 v CH3COOC2H5.
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S 10
1. Trong cng mt lp, electron thuc phn lp no c mc nng lng thp nht?
A. phn lp s.
B. phn lp p.
C. phn lp d.
B. 107,88.
109
D. phn lp f.
C. 108.
D. 109,5.
B. K+.
C. Mg2+.
D. Ca2+.
4. Tnh nng ion nitrat c trong 200ml dung dch cha HNO3 0,02M v
NaNO3 0,03M.
A. 0,05M.
B. 0,003M.
C. 0,002M.
D. 0,5M.
B. 1,12 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 0,112 lt.
8. i t nit n bitmut
A. kh nng oxi ho gim dn.
B. m in tng dn.
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DH < 0
B. 0,33 lt.
C. 0,08 lt.
D. 3,3 lt.
B. CaHPO4.
C. Ca3 (PO4)2.
D. Ca(H2PO4)2 + 2CaSO4.
13. Than chy trong oxi tinh khit v trong khng kh c ging nhau khng?
A. than chy trong oxi tinh khit v trong khng kh nh nhau.
B. than chy trong oxi tinh khit mnh hn.
C. than chy trong khng kh mnh hn.
D. khng xc nh c.
14. Ozon c rt nhiu ng dng trong thc tin nh: Ty trng thc phm,kh
trng nc n, kh mi, cha su rng .v.v... Nguyn nhn dn n ozon c
nhng ng dng l v
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A. ozon km bn.
H 2SO4
B. HCOOH
CO + H2O
t
C. C + H2O CO + H2
B. natrihirocacbonat.
C. canxicacbonat.
D. magiecacbonat.
18. in phn dung dch NaCl long khng c mng ngn, dung dch thu c c
tn l
A. nc Javen.
B. nc ty mu.
C. nc cng thu.
D. nc clo.
B. = 7.
C. > 7.
D. khng xc nh.
20. Cho st phn ng vi HNO3 rt long thu c NH4NO3, c phng trnh ion
thu gn l
A. 8Fe + 30H+ + 6NO3- 8Fe3+ + 3NH4NO3 + 9H2O
B. 8Fe + 30HNO3 8Fe3+ + 3NH4NO3 + 9H2O
C. 3Fe + 48H+ + 8NO3- 3Fe2+ + 8NH4+ + 24H2O
D. 8Fe + 30H+ + 3NO3- 8Fe3+ + 3NH4+ + 9H2O
21. Mui FeCl2 th hin tnh oxi ha khi phn ng vi cht no sau y?
A. Cl2.
B. AgNO3.
C. Zn.
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D. dd HNO3.
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B. 1600 ml.
C. 600ml.
D. 800 ml.
D. c A, B, C u ng.
B. H3PO4.
C. H2SO4.
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D. HClO4.
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C. NaOH.
D. BaCl2.
B. FeO + O2.
C. FeO + H2.
D. FeO + HCl.
B. 0,2.
C. 0,05.
D. 0,1.
32. Ha tan ht 5,6 gam Fe bng mt lng va dung dch HNO3 c nng thu
c V lt NO2 l sn phm kh duy nht (ktc). V nhn gi tr nh nht l
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
33. Dung dch A cha 0,01 mol Fe(NO3)3 v 0,15 mol HCl c kh nng ha tan ti
a bao nhiu gam Cu kim loi? (Bit NO l sn phm kh duy nht)
A. 2,88 gam.
B. 3,92 gam.
C. 3,2 gam.
D. 5,12 gam.
34. Cho hirocacbon X c cng thc phn t l C7H8. Cho 4,6 gam X tc dng vi
lng d AgNO3/NH3 thu c 15,3 gam kt ta. X c ti a bao nhiu cng
thc cu to?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
C. 4.
D. 5.
B. 3.
36. Dng nhng ho cht no sau y c th nhn bit c 4 cht lng khng
mu l etylen glicol, ru etylic, glucoz, phenol?
A. dung dch Br2 v Cu(OH)2.
B. AgNO3/NH3 v Cu(OH)2.
D. Na v AgNO3/NH3.
37. t chy hon ton 0,9 gam mt hp cht hu c A thu c 1,32 gam CO2
v 0,54 gam H2O. A c KLPT l 180. Cng thc phn t ca A l
A. C5H10O5.
B. C2H4O2.
C. C6H12O6.
D. C5H8O7.
38. Cho 2,5 kg glucoz cha 20% tp cht ln men thnh ru etylic. Trong qu
trnh ch bin ru b hao ht 10%. Tnh khi lng ru thu c?
A. 0,92 kg.
B. 0,575 kg.
C. 0,51 kg.
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D. 5,15 kg.
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39. Cho vi git anilin vo nc, quan st hin tng; thm HCl vo dung dch,
quan st hin tng ri cho tip vi git NaOH, quan st hin tng. Cc hin
tng xy ra ln lt l
A. anilin tan, xut hin kt ta, kt ta tan.
B. thy vn c, vn c tan, thy vn c.
C. thy vn c, vn c khng thay i, vn c tan.
D. thy vn c, vn c tan, khng hin tng g.
40. Ghp tn ct 1 v CTCT ct 2 cho ph hp:
Ct 1
1. isopropyl axetat
2. allylacrylat
3. phenyl axetat
4. sec-butyl fomiat
Ct 2
a. C6H5OOC-CH3
b. CH3COOCH(CH3)2
c. CH2=CHCOOCH=CH2
d. CH2=CHCOOCH-CH=CH2
e. HCOOCH(CH3)CH2CH3
41. Thy phn 1 mol este cho 2 mui v nc. CTCT ca este c dng
A. RCOOR.
B. RCOOCH=CHR.
C. RCOOC6H5.
D. C6H5COOR.
B. phenylclorua. C. stiren.
D. etylbenzen.
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B. CH2=CH-CH=CH-CH3.
C. CH2=C=CH-CH2-CH3.
D. CH3-CH2CH=CH-CH3.
B. H2N-CH2-COOH.
C. Cl-NH3+-CH2COOH.
D. HOOC-(CH2)3CH(NH2)COOH.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 8.
B. C3H6.
C. C4H8.
D. C5H10.
B. isaccarit.
C. oligosaccarit.
D. polisaccarit
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S 11
1. Pht biu no di y khng ng?
A. Nguyn t c cu thnh t cc ht c bn l proton, ntron v electron.
B. Ht nhn nguyn t c cu thnh t cc ht proton v ntron.
C. V nguyn t c cu thnh bi cc ht electron.
D. Nguyn t c cu trc c kht, gm v nguyn t v ht nhn nguyn t.
2. Nguyn t nguyn t R c tng s ht bng 34, trong s ht mang in
nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 10 ht. K hiu v v tr ca R (chu k,
nhm) trong bng tun hon l
A. Na, chu k 3, nhm IA.
B. Fe2+.
C. Al3+.
D. Cl-.
6. ng c th tc dng vi
A. dung dch mui st (II) to thnh mui ng (II) v gii phng st.
B. dung dch mui st (III) to thnh mui ng (II) v gii phng st.
C. dung dch mui st (III) to thnh mui ng (II) v mui st (II).
D. khng th tc dng vi dung dch mui st (III).
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B. 30.
C. 18.
D. 20.
8. m gam phoi bo st (A) ngoi khng kh, sau mt thi gian bin thnh hn
hp (B) c khi lng 12 gam gm Fe, FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3. Cho B tc dng
hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 thy gii phng ra 2,24 lt kh NO duy nht
(ktc). Gi tr ca m l bao nhiu?
A. 11,8 gam.
B. 10,08 gam.
C. 9,8 gam.
D. 8,8 gam.
B. CH3COOH, CuSO4.
C. H2O, CH3COOH.
10. Theo thuyt axit - baz ca Bronstet, ion Al3+ trong nc c tnh cht
B. lng tnh.
A. axit.
C. baz.
D. trung tnh.
B. pH > 7.
C. pH = 0.
D. pH < 7.
12. Cho dung dch cha x gam Ba(OH)2 vo dung dch cha x gam HCl. Dung
dch thu c sau phn ng c mi trng
A. axit.
B. trung tnh.
C. Baz.
D. khng xc nh c.
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t th-ng
KCl + KClO + H2O
C. Cl2 + 2KOH
o
t th-ng
D. 3Cl2 + 6KOH long
5KCl + KClO3 + 3H2O
B. AgNO3.
C. HCl.
D. Ba(OH)2.
t
B. S + O2
SO2
C. 2H2S + 3O2 2SO2 + 2H2O
o
B. Kh H2S.
C. Kh NH3.
D. Kh SO3.
19. HNO3 long khng th hin tnh oxi ho khi tc dng vi cht no di y?
A. Fe.
B. Fe(OH)2.
C. FeO.
D. Fe2O3.
20. nhn bit ion NO3- ngi ta thng dng Cu v dung dch H2SO4 long v
un nng, bi v
A. phn ng to ra dung dch c mu xanh v kh khng mi lm xanh
giy qu m.
B. phn ng to ra dung dch c mu vng nht.
C. phn ng to ra kt ta mu xanh.
D. phn ng to dung dch c mu xanh v kh khng mu ho nu trong
khng kh.
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21. Nung nng hon ton 27,3 gam hn hp NaNO3, Cu(NO3)2. Hn hp kh thot
ra c dn vo nc d th thy c 1,12 lt kh (ktc) khng b hp th (lng
O2 ho tan khng ng k). Khi lng Cu(NO3)2 trong hn hp ban u l
A. 28,2 gam.
B. 8,6 gam.
C. 4,4 gam.
D. 18,8 gam.
22. Cho cc kim loi Cu; Al; Fe; Au; Ag. Dy gm cc kim loi c sp xp theo
chiu tng dn tnh dn in ca kim loi (t tri sang phi) l
A. Fe, Au, Al, Cu, Ag.
D. S oxi ha xy ra catot.
24. T phng trnh ion thu gn sau: Cu + 2Ag+ Cu2+ + 2Ag. Kt lun no
di y khng ng?
A. Cu2+ c tnh oxi ho mnh hn Ag+.
B. Cu c tnh kh mnh hn Ag.
C. Ag+ c tnh oxi ho mnh hn Cu2+.
D. Cu b oxi ha bi ion Ag+.
25. Cho mt t bt Fe vo dung dch AgNO3 d, sau khi kt thc th nghim thu
c dung dch X gm
A. Fe(NO3)2, H2O.
B. Fe(NO3)2, AgNO3 d.
C. Fe(NO3)3, AgNO3 d.
26. Chia m gam hn hp mt mui clorua kim loi kim v BaCl2 thnh hai phn
bng nhau:
- Phn 1: Ha tan ht vo nc ri cho tc dng vi dung dch AgNO3 d thu
c 8,61 gam kt ta.
- Phn 2: em in phn nng chy hon ton thu c V lt kh anot (ktc).
Gi tr ca V l
A. 6,72 lt.
B. 0,672 lt.
C. 1,334 lt.
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D. 3,44 lt.
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27. Ngm mt inh st sch trong 200ml dung dch CuSO4. Sau khi phn ng kt
thc, ly inh st ra khi dung dch ra sch nh bng nc ct v sy kh ri
em cn thy khi lng inh st tng 0,8 gam so vi ban u. Nng mol
ca dung dch CuSO4 dng l gi tr no di y?
A. 0,05M.
B. 0,0625M.
C. 0,50M.
D. 0,625M.
28. Criolit c cng thc phn t l Na3AlF6 c thm vo Al2O3 trong qu trnh
in phn Al2O3 nng chy sn xut nhm v l do chnh l
A. lm gim nhit nng chy ca Al2O3, cho php in phn nhit
thp, gip tit kim nng lng.
B. lm tng dn in ca Al2O3 nng chy.
C. to mt lp ngn cch bo v nhm nng chy khi b oxi ho.
D. c A, B, C u ng
29. X, Y, Z l cc hp cht v c ca mt kim loi, khi t nng nhit cao
u cho ngn la mu vng. X tc dng vi Y thnh Z. Nung nng Y nhit
cao thu c Z, hi nc v kh E. Bit E l hp cht ca cacbon, E tc
dng vi X cho Y hoc Z. X, Y, Z, E ln lt l cc cht no di y?
A. NaOH, Na2CO3, NaHCO3, CO2.
B. NaOH, NaHCO3, Na2CO3, CO2.
C. KOH, KHCO3, CO2, K2CO3.
D. NaOH, Na2CO3, CO2, NaHCO3.
30. Ho tan hon ton 23,8 gam hn hp mt mui cacbonat ca kim loi ho tr I
v mt mui cacbonat ca kim loi ho tr II bng dung dch HCl thy thot ra
4,48 lt kh CO2 (ktc). C cn dung dch thu c sau phn ng th khi
lng mui khan thu c l bao nhiu?
A. 26,0 gam.
B. 28,0 gam.
C. 26,8 gam.
D. 28,6 gam.
31. Trn 0,81 gam bt nhm vi bt Fe2O3 v CuO ri t nng tin hnh phn
ng nhit nhm thu c hn hp A. Ho tan hon ton A trong dung dch
HNO3 un nng thu c V lt kh NO (sn phm kh duy nht) ktc. Gi tr
ca V l
A. 0,224 lt.
B. 0,672 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
32. Hirocacbon A c cng thc n gin nht l C2H5. Cng thc phn t ca A l
A. C4H10.
182
B. C6H15.
C. C8H20.
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D. C2H5.
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33. C bao nhiu ng phn cu to, mch h c cng thc phn t C5H8 tc dng
vi H2 d (Ni, to) thu c sn phm l isopentan?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
35. C bao nhiu ng phn c cng cng thc phn t C5H12O khi oxi ha bng
CuO (to) to sn phm c phn ng trng gng?
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
36. C bao nhiu ng phn l hp cht thm c cng thc phn t C8H10O tc
dng c vi Na, khng tc dng vi NaOH v khng lm mt mu dung
dch Br2?
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
37. X l ancol no, a chc, mch h. Khi t chy hon ton 1 mol X cn 3,5 mol
O2. Vy cng thc ca X l
A. C3H6(OH)2.
B. C3H5(OH)3.
C. C4H7(OH)3.
D. C2H4(OH)2.
B. 0,2 mol.
C. 0,3 mol.
D. 0,4 mol.
39. Thy phn este E c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 (c mt H2SO4 long) thu
c hai sn phm hu c X, Y (ch cha cc nguyn t C, H, O). T X c th
iu ch trc tip ra Y bng mt phn ng duy nht. Tn gi ca X l
A. axit axetic.
B. axit fomic.
C. ancol etylic.
D. etyl axetat.
40. Cho hn hp gm 0,1 mol HCOOH v 0,2 mol HCHO tc dng ht vi dung
dch AgNO3 trong NH3 th khi lng Ag thu c l bao nhiu?
A. 108 gam.
B. 10,8 gam.
C. 216 gam.
D. 64,8 gam.
41. Thu phn este X trong mi trng kim thu c ru etylic. Bit khi lng
phn t ca ru bng 62,16% khi lng phn t ca este. X c cng thc
cu to l
A. HCOOCH3.
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42. t chy hon ton a gam hn hp cc este no, n chc mch h. Sn phm
chy c dn vo bnh ng dung dch Ca(OH)2 d thy khi lng bnh
tng 12,4 gam. Khi lng kt ta to ra l
A. 12,4 gam.
B. 10 gam.
C. 20 gam.
D. 28,183 gam.
B. C2H5OH.
C. C3H7OH.
D. C4H9OH.
44. Nguyn t nguyn t X to ion X-. Tng s ht (p, n, e) trong X- bng 116. X
l nguyn t no di y?
A. 34Se.
B. 32Ge.
C. 33As.
D. 35Br.
45. t chy 6 gam este X thu c 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) v 3,6 gam H2O. X c
cng thc phn t l
A. C5H10O2.
B. C4H8O2.
C. C3H6O2.
D. C2H4O2.
46. Mt anehit no, mch h, khng phn nhnh c cng thc thc nghim l
(C2H3O)n. Cng thc phn t ca X l
A. C2H3O.
B. C4H6O2.
C. C6H9O3.
D. C8H12O4.
B. Bt Cu d.
C. Bt Al d.
D. Na d.
B. 58,5 gam.
C. 17,55 gam.
D. 23,4 gam.
49. Ch dng ha cht no di y phn bit hai ng phn khc chc c cng
cng thc phn t C3H8O?
A. Al.
B. Cu(OH)2.
D. CuO.
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A.
CH2 n
C.
CH2 CH CH2
CH3
n
B.
CH2 CH
CH3 n
D.
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S 12
1. Ha tan 9,14 gam hp kim Cu, Mg, Al bng mt lng va dung dch HCl
thu c 7,84 lt kh X (ktc) v 2,54 gam cht rn Y v dung dch Z. Lc b
cht rn Y, c cn cn thn dung dch Z thu c lng mui khan l
A. 31,45 gam.
B. 33,99 gam.
B. 1,35 gam.
C. 0,81 gam.
D. 8,1 gam
B. C3H7N.
C. C3H9N.
D. C4H11N.
4. t chy 6 gam este X thu c 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) v 3,6 gam H2O. X c
cng thc phn t no di y?
A. C5H10O2.
B. C4H8O2.
C. C3H6O2.
D. C2H4O2.
B. NaNO3 v NaHSO4.
C. Fe(NO3)3 v NaHSO4.
D. Mg(NO3)2 v KNO3.
186
A. 40% v 60%.
B. 50% v 50%.
C. 35% v 65%.
D. 45% v 55%.
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B. 16 gam.
C. 2,56 gam.
D. 8 gam.
D. S oxi ha xy ra catot.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
11. Ha tan hon ton hn hp X gm 0,4 mol FeO v 0,1mol Fe2O3 vo dung
dch HNO3 long, d thu c dung dch A v kh B khng mu, ha nu
trong khng kh. Dung dch A cho tc dng vi dung dch NaOH d thu c
kt ta. Ly ton b kt ta nung trong khng kh n khi lng khng i
thu c cht rn c khi lng l
A. 23,0 gam.
B. 32,0 gam.
C. 16,0 gam.
D. 48,0 gam.
12. Cho cc cht: CH3NH2, C6H5NH2, (CH3)2NH, (C6H5)2NH v NH3. Trt t tng
dn tnh baz (theo chiu t tri qua phi) ca 5 cht trn l
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B. 2,24 lt.
C. 3,36 lt.
D. 4,48 lt.
14. Cho kh CO i qua ng s cha 16 gam Fe2O3 un nng, sau phn ng thu
c hn hp rn X gm Fe, FeO, Fe3O4, Fe2O3. Ha tan hon ton X bng
H2SO4 c, nng thu c dung dch Y. C cn dung dch Y, lng mui khan
thu c l
A. 20 gam.
B. 32 gam.
C. 40 gam.
D. 48 gam.
15. Thu phn C4H6O2 trong mi trng axit thu c hn hp hai cht u c
phn ng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ca C4H6O2 l
A. H3C C O CH CH2
O
B. H C O CH2 CH CH2
O
C. H C O CH CH CH3
O
D. H2C HC C O CH3
O
B. Al.
C. Fe.
D. Ag.
B. NaHCO3, H2SO4 c.
C. Na2CO3, NaCl .
D. H2SO4 c, Na2CO3.
18. un nng 0,1 mol cht X vi lng va dung dch NaOH thu c 13,4
gam mui ca axit hu c a chc B v 9,2 gam ancol n chc D. Cho ton
b lng ancol D bay hi 127oC v 600 mmHg s chim th tch 8,32 lt.
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B. H3C-OOC-CH2-CH2-COO-CH3
C. C2H5-OOC-COO-C2H5
D. C3H5-OOC-COO-C3H5
B. CH3-C6H4-COONH4.
C. C6H5-COONH4.
D. p-HOOC-C6H4-COONH4.
21. t chy hon ton 0,1 mol hn hp hai axit cacboxylic l ng ng k tip
thu c 3,36 lt CO2 (ktc) v 2,7 gam H2O. S mol ca mi axit ln lt l
A. 0,05 mol v 0,05 mol.
22. Cho cc ion kim loi sau: Fe3+, Fe2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, H+, Ag+. Chiu tng dn tnh
oxi ha ca cc ion l
A. Zn2+, Fe2+, H+, Ni2+, Fe3+, Ag+.
B. Zn2+, Fe2+, Ni2+, H+, Fe3+, Ag+.
C. Zn2+, Fe2+, Ni2+, H+, Ag+, Fe3+.
D. Fe2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, H+, Fe3+, Ag+.
23. Ho tan 25 gam CuSO4.5H2O vo nc ct c 500ml dung dch A. Gi tr
gn ng pH v nng mol ca dung dch A l
A. pH = 7; [CuSO4] = 0,20M.
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B. 81,86.
C. 80,01.
D. 76,35.
B. CH3-CH=CH-CH2-OH.
C. CH2=C(CH3)-CH2-OH.
D. CH3-CH2-CH=CH-OH.
26. Khi pha long dung dch CH3COOH 1M thnh dung dch CH3COOH 0,5M th
A. in li tng.
B. in li gim.
C. in li khng i.
D. in li tng 2 ln.
27. Anion X2- c cu hnh electron lp ngoi cng l 3s23p6. Tng s electron
lp v ca X2- l bao nhiu?
A. 18.
B. 16.
C. 9.
D. 20.
28. Cho 7,28 gam kim loi M tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HCl, sau phn
ng thu c 2,912 lt kh H2 27,3oC; 1,1 atm. M l kim loi no di y?
A. Zn.
B. Mg.
C. Fe.
D. Al.
B. Tinh bt.
D. Polistiren (PS).
30. Ancol X mch h c s nguyn t cacbon bng s nhm chc. Cho 9,3 gam
ancol X tc dng vi Na d thu c 3,36 lt kh. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3OH.
B. CH2OHCHOHCH2OH.
C. CH2OHCH2OH
D. C2H5OH.
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32. t chy hai hirocacbon l ng ng lin tip ca nhau ta thu c 6,3 gam
nc v 9,68 gam CO2. Cng thc phn t ca hai hirocacbon l
A. C2H4 v C3H6.
B. CH4 v C2H6.
C. C2H6 v C3H8.
D. Tt c u sai.
D. H2 (Ni, to).
B. 10.
C. 12.
D. 4.
B. C2H5NH2 v C3H7NH2.
C. C3H7NH2 v C4H9NH2.
D. C4H9NH2 v C5H11NH2.
B. 0,224 lt.
C. 0,112 lt.
D. 0,336 lt.
38. Khi t chy hon ton mt este X cho n CO2 = n H 2O . Thy phn hon ton 6,0
gam este X cn va dung dch cha 0,1 mol NaOH. Cng thc phn t ca
este l
A. C2H4O2.
B. C3H6O2.
C. C4H8O2.
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D. C5H10O2.
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39. un nng 27,40 gam CH3CHBrCH2CH3 vi KOH d trong C2H5OH, sau khi
phn ng xy ra hon ton thu c hn hp kh X gm hai olefin trong
sn phm chnh chim 80%, sn phm ph chim 20%. t chy hon ton X
thu c bao nhiu lt CO2 (ktc)?
A. 4,48 lt.
B. 8,96 lt.
C. 11,20 lt.
D. 17,92 lt.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
Br2 (dd )
2
4
CH 3CH 2CHOHCH 3
E
F
H SO
B. 15.000.
C. 24.000.
D. 25.000.
43. Oxi ho 2,2 gam mt anehit n chc X thu c 3 gam axit tng ng (hiu
sut phn ng bng 100%). X c cng thc cu to no di y?
A. CH3CHO.
B. C2H5CHO.
C. CH3CH(CH3)CHO.
D. CH3CH2CH2CHO.
44. Cho dung dch cha a mol Ca(HCO3)2 vo dung dch cha a mol Ca(HSO4)2.
Hin tng quan st c l
A. si bt kh.
B. vn c.
C. si bt kh v vn c.
45. Th tch dung dch HCl 0,3M cn trung ho 100ml dung dch hn hp
NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 0,1M l
A. 100 ml.
B. 150 ml.
C. 200 ml.
D. 250 ml.
46. Hp th hon ton 4,48 lt SO2 (ktc) bng 0,3 mol NaOH. Khi lng mui
khan thu c l
A. 20,8 gam.
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B. 23,0 gam.
C. 31,2 gam.
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D. 18,9 gam.
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B. 6,72 gam.
C. 16,0 gam.
D. 11,2 gam.
B. C2H5CHO, C3H7CHO.
C. C3H5CHO, C4H7CHO.
D. CH3CHO, C2H5CHO.
B. 1,12 lt.
C. 1,792 lt.
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D. 0,896 lt.
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S 13
1. Trong mt cc nc c cha a mol Ca2+, b mol Mg2+, c mol Cl-, d mol
HCO3-. Biu thc lin h gia a, b, c, d l
A. a + b = c + d.
B. 3a + 3b = c + d.
C. 2a + 2b = c + d.
D.
1
(a + b) = c + d.
2
B. s proton.
C. s electron.
D. s ntron.
B. Mg v Ca.
C. Sr v Ba.
D. Ba v Ra.
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B. C4H4O3.
C. C8H8O6.
D. C12H12O9.
B + Cl2 F
E + NaOH H + NaNO3
A + HNO3 E + NO- + D
B + NaOH G + NaCl
G + I + D H
Cc cht A, G, H l
A. CuO, CuOH v Cu(OH)2.
8. Khi cho 17, 4 gam hp kim Y gm st, ng, nhm phn ng ht vi H2SO4
long d ta thu c dung dch A; 6, 4 gam cht rn; 9, 856 lt kh B 27, 3C
v 1 atm. Phn trm khi lng mi kim loi trong hp kim Y l
A. Al 30%, Fe 50% v Cu 20%.
B. Al 30%, Fe 32% v Cu 38%.
C. Al : 31,03%, Fe 32,18% v Cu 36,78%.
D. Al 25%, Fe 50% v Cu 25%.
9. Cho hn hp Y gm 2,8 gam Fe v 0,81 gam Al vo 200 ml dung dch C cha
AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2. Khi phn ng kt thc, thu c dung dch D v 8,12
gam cht rn E gm 3 kim loi. Cho bit cht rn E tc dng vi dung dch
HCl d th thu c 0,672 lt kh H2 ktc. Nng mol ca AgNO3 v
Cu(NO3)2 trong dung dch C l
A. 0,075M v 0,0125M.
B. 0,3M v 0,5M.
C. 0,15M v 0,25M.
D. kt qu khc.
B. 16,32 gam.
C. 15,2 gam.
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D. 25,2 gam.
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B. 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24p4.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p63d104s24d4.
D. 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1.
B. 3-metyl buten-1.
C. 2-metylbuten-2.
D. 3-metyl buten-2.
16. Nhit phn 1,88 gam Cu(NO3)2 ri hp th ton b lng kh sinh ra bng
H2O thu c 2 lt dung dchA. Tip tc thm vo 100 ml dung dch X : 0,023
gam Na c dung dch B. pH ca dung dch A v B ln lt l
A. 7-12,7.
B. 2-7.
C. 3-11.
D. 2,2-12.
B. B, C.
C. C, D.
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D. A, D.
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B. HCOOH.
C. HCOONH4.
D. C A, B, C u ng.
B. CH2=CH-CH2-CHO.
C. HCC-CH2-CHO.
D. HCC-CHO.
B. Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O.
D. Fe3+ + H2O.
22. Phn ng gia dung dch Kali pemanganat trong mi trng axit vi ion iodua
c biu din bng phng trnh no di y?
A. 2MnO4- + 5I- +16H+ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5I2
B. MnO4- + 10I- +2H+ Mn2+ + H2O + 5I2 + 11e
C. 2MnO4- + 10I- +16H+ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5I2
D. MnO4- + 2I- +8H+ Mn2+ + 4H2O + I2
23. Sp xp cc cht sau y theo trnh t gim dn nhit si:
CH3COOH (1), HCOOCH3 (2), CH3CH2COOH (3),
CH3COOCH3 (4), CH3CH2CH2OH (5).
A. (3) > (5) > (1) > (2) > (4).
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B. dd H2SO4.
C. dd Ba(OH)2. D. dd AgNO3.
B. C3H7COONa, C4H9COONa.
C. C2H5COONa, C3H7COONa.
D. kt qu khc.
B. Ca.
C. Cs.
D. Li.
28. Thy phn este E c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 vi xc tc axit v c long,
thu c 2 sn phm hu c X, Y(ch cha nguyn t C, H, O). T X c th
diu ch trc tip ra Y bng mt phn ng duy nht. Cht X l
A. axit axetic.
D. Axit fomic.
B. CH3COOCH3 v HOC2H4CHO.
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B. HOCH2CH2OH.
C. HOCH2CH2CH2OH.
D. CH3CHO.
B. CH3CHO v HCOOH.
C. HCHO v HCOOH.
D. HCHO v CH3CHO.
33. So snh nhit si ca cc cht sau: Ru etylic (1), etylclorua (2), etan(3),
axit axetic (4)
A. (1) > (2) > (3) > (4).
B. X3, X4.
D. X3, X2.
B. 9 gam.
C. 6,3 gam.
D. 4,5 gam.
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B. 1s22s22p43s23p63d6.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1.
D. p n khc.
B. CxH2x-2O2 (x4).
C. CxH2xO2(x4).
D. CxH2x-4O2 (x3).
B. 7.
C. 4.
D. 6.
41. Trn 3 dung dch H2SO4 0,1M; HCl 0,2 M; HNO3 0,3M vi th tch bng
nhau c dung dch A. Cho 300 ml dung dch A tc dng vi V ml dung dch
B cha NaOH 0,2 M v Ba(OH)2 0,1M c dung dch C c pH=1. Gi tr ca
V l
A. 0,24 lt.
B. 0,08 lt.
C. 0,16 lt.
D. 0,32 lt.
42. t chy hon ton 2,22 gam mt hp cht hu c X thu c 5,28 gam CO2
v 2,7 gam H2O. X phn ng c vi Na, khng phn ng vi dung dch
NaOH. Tm Cng thc phn t ca X v cho bit tt c cc ng phn cng
nhm chc v khc nhm chc ca X ng vi cng thc trn?
A. C3H8O, c 4 ng phn.
B. C4H10O v 6 ng phn.
C. C2H4(OH)2, khng c ng phn.
D. C4H10O c 7 ng phn.
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B. MnSO4, KHSO4.
44. Cho 1,365 gam mt kim loi kim M tan hon ton vo nc thu c mt
dung dch ln hn khi lng nc ban u l 1,33 gam. Kim loi M dng l
A. Na.
B. K.
C. Cs.
D. Rb.
45. Ha tan hon ton 2,175 gam hn hp 3 kim loi Zn, Mg, Fe vo dung dch
HCl d thy thot ra 1,344 lt H2 (ktc). Khi c cn dung dch ta thu c bao
nhiu gam mui khan?
A. 6,555.
B. 6,435.
C. 4,305.
D. 4,365.
46. trung ha 200 ml dung dch aminoaxit M 0,5M cn 100 gam dung dch
NaOH 8%, c cn dung dch sau phn ng c 16, 3 gam mui khan. M c
cng thc cu to l
A. H2N-CH2-COOH.
B. H2N-CH(COOH)2.
C. H2N-CH2-CH(COOH)2.
D. (H2N)2CH-COOH.
47. Cho dung dch cha cc ion sau (Na , Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+, H+, Cl-). Mun tch
c nhiu cation ra khi dung dch m khng a ion l vo dung dch, ta c
th cho dung dch tc dng vi cht no trong cc dung dch sau:
+
B. CH3COO-CH2Cl.
C. C2H5COO-CHCl-CH3.
D. HCOOCHCl-CH2-CH3.
B. cc dng v b in cc kh.
D. cc m v b in cc oxi ha.
50. Cho 2, 24 lt CO2 vo 20 lt dung dch Ca(OH)2, thu c 6 gam kt ta. Nng
ca dung dch Ca(OH)2 dng l
A. 0,003M.
B. 0,0035M.
C. 0,004M.
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S 14
1. Trong mt cc nc cha a mol Ca2+, b mol Mg2+, c mol Cl- v d mol
HCO3-. Biu thc lin h gia a, b, c, d l
A. a + b = c + d.
B. 3a + 3b = c + d.
C. 2a + 2b = c + d.
D.
1
(a + b) = c + d.
2
2. Trong mt cc nc cha a mol Ca2+, b mol Mg2+, c mol Cl- v d mol HCO3-.
Nu ch dng nc vi trong nng p mol/l lm gim cng trong cc,
th ngi ta thy khi cho V lt nc vi trong vo, cng ca nc trong
bnh l b nht, bit c = d. Biu thc lin h gia a, b v p l
A. V = (b + a)/2p.
B. V = (2a + b)/p.
C. V = (3a + 2b)/2p.
D. V = (2b + a)/p.
B. Mg v Ca.
C. Sr v Ba.
D. Ba v Ra.
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B + Cl2 F
E + NaOH H + NaNO3
A + HNO3 E + NO- + D
B + NaOH G + NaCl
G + I + D H
Cc cht A, G v H l
A. CuO, CuOH v Cu(OH)2.
8. Khi cho 17,4 gam hp kim Y gm st, ng, nhm phn ng ht vi H2SO4
long d ta c dung dch A; 6,4 gam cht rn; 9,856 lt kh B 27,3oC v
1atm. Phn trm khi lng mi kim loi trong hp kim Y l
A. Al: 30%; Fe: 50% v Cu: 20%.
B. Al: 30%; Fe: 32% v Cu: 38%
C. Al: 31,03%; Fe: 32,18% v Cu: 36,78%.
D. Al: 25%; Fe: 50% v Cu: 25%.
9. Cho hn hp Y gm 2,8 gam Fe v 0,81 gam Al vo 200ml dung dch C cha
AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2. Khi phn ng kt thc, thu c dung dch D v 8,12
gam cht rn E gm 3 kim loi. Cho cht rn E tc dng vi dung dch HCl d
th thu c 0,672 lt kh H2 (ktc). Nng mol ca AgNO3 v Cu(NO3)2
trong dung dch C l
A. 0,075M v 0,0125M.
B. 0,3M v 0,5M.
C. 0,15M v 0,25M.
D. 0,2M v 0,6M.
10. ha tan hon ton 10 gam bt hn hp Fe, Mg, Zn cn 100 ml dung dch
hn hp 2 axit H2SO4 v HCl c nng tng ng l 0,8M v 1,2M. Sau khi
phn ng xong, ly 1/2 lng kh sinh ra cho i qua ng s ng a gam CuO
nung nng. Sau khi phn ng kt thc trong ng cn li 14,08 gam cht rn.
Khi lng a l
A. 14,20 gam.
B. 15,20 gam.
C. 15,36 gam.
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D. 25,20 gam.
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B. 1s22s22p63s23p2.
C. 1s22s22p63s23d2.
D. 1s22s22p63s23d4.
B. 3-metyl buten-1.
C. 2-metyl buten-2.
D. 3-metyl buten-2.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 2,2.
B. B, C.
C. C, D.
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D. A, D.
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B. HCOOH.
C. HCOONH4.
D. C A, B, C u ng.
B. CH2=CH-CH2-CHO.
C. HCC-CH2-CHO.
D. HCC-CHO.
B. Fe2(SO4)3 + H2O.
D. Fe3+ + H2O
22. Phn ng gia dung dch kali pemanganat trong mi trng axit vi ion iodua
c biu din bng phng trnh no di y?
A. 2MnO4- + 5I- + 16H+ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5I2
B. MnO4- + 10I- + 2H+ Mn2+ + H2O + 5I2 + 11e
C. 2MnO4- + 10I- + 16H+ 2Mn2+ + 8H2O + 5I2
D. MnO4- + 2I- + 8H+ Mn2+ + 4H2O + I2
23. Sp xp cc cht sau y theo trnh t tng dn nhit si: CH3COOH (1),
HCOOCH3 (2), CH3CH2COOH (3), CH3COOCH3 (4), CH3CH2CH2OH (5)
A. (3) > (5) > (1 ) > (2) > (4).
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B. CH3COOH.
C. HCOOCH3.
D. HOCH2CH2CH=O
B. Ca.
C. Cs.
D. Li.
28. Thy phn este E c cng thc phn t C4H8O2 vi xc tc axit v c long,
thu c hai sn phm hu c X, Y (ch cha cc nguyn t C, H, O). T X c
th iu ch trc tip ra Y bng mt phn ng duy nht. Cht X l
A. axit axetic. B. ru etylic.
C. etyl axetat.
D. axit fomic.
B. CH3COOCH3 v HOC2H4CHO.
206
A. CH3COOH.
B. HOCH2CH2OH.
C. HOCH2CH2CH2OH.
D. CH3CH=O.
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B. CH3CHO v HCOOH.
C. HCHO v HCOOH.
D. HCHO v CH3CHO.
34. Cho cc dung dch X1: dung dch HCl; X2: dung dch KNO3; X3: dung dch HCl
+ KNO3; X4: dung dch Fe2(SO4)3. Dung dch no c th ho tan c bt Cu?
A. X1, X4, X2.
B. X3, X4.
D. X3, X2.
B. 9 gam.
C. 6,3 gam.
D. 4,5 gam.
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B. 1s22s22p43s23p63d6.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p63d54s1.
D. p n khc.
B. CxH2x-2O2 (x4).
C. CxH2xO2 (x4).
D. CxH2x-4O2 (x3).
B. 7.
C. 4.
D. 6.
41. Trn 3 dung dch H2SO4 0.1M; HCl 0,2M; HNO3 0,3M vi th tch bng nhau
c dung dch A. Cho 300 ml dung dch A tc dng vi V ml dung dch B cha
NaOH 0,2M v Ba(OH)20,1M c dung dch C c pH =1. Gi tr ca V l
A. 0,24 lt.
B. 0,08 lt.
C. 0,16 lt.
D. 0,32 lt.
42. t chy hon ton 2,22 gam mt hp cht hu c X thu c 5,28 gam CO2
v 2,7 gam H2O. X phn ng vi Na, khng phn ng vi dung dch NaOH.
Tm cng thc phn t ca A v cho bit tt c cc ng phn cng nhm
chc v khc nhm chc ca A ng vi cng thc phn t trn?
A. C3H8O c 4 ng phn.
B. C2H5OH c 2 ng phn.
C. C2H4(OH)2 khng c ng phn.
D. C4H10O c 7 ng phn.
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B. MnSO4, KHSO4.
44. Cho 1,365 gam mt kim loi kim X tan hon ton vo nc thu c mt dung
dch ln hn khi lng nc ban u l 1,33 gam. Kim loi M dng l
A. Na.
B. K.
C. Cs.
D. Rb.
45. Ho tan hon ton 2,175 gam hn hp 3 kim loi Zn, Mg, Fe vo dung dch
HCl d thy thot ra 1,344 lt H2 (ktc). Khi c cn dung dch ta thu c bao
nhiu gam mui khan? Chn p s ng.
A. 6,555.
B. 6,435.
C. 4,305.
D. 4,365.
46. trung ho 200 ml dung dch aminoaxit X nng 0,5M cn 100 gam dung
dch NaOH 8%, c cn dung dch sau phn ng c 16,3 gam mui khan. X
c cng thc cu to:
A. H2N-CH2-COOH.
B. H2N-CH(COOH)2.
C. H2N-CH2-CH(COOH)2.
D. (H2N)2CH-COOH.
47. Cho dung dch cha cc ion sau (Na , Ca2+, Mg2+, Ba2+, H+, Cl-). Mun tch
c nhiu cation ra khi dung dch m khng a ion l vo dung dch, ta c
th cho dung dch tc dng vi cht no trong cc cht sau?
+
C. Dung ch NaOH va .
B. CH3COO-CH2Cl.
C. C2H5COO-CHCl-CH3.
D. HCOOCHCl-CH2-CH3.
B. cc dng v b in cc kh.
B. 0,0035M.
C. 0,004M.
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S 15
1. Nguyn t X thuc chu k 3, nhm IV c cu hnh l
A.1s22s22p63s23p4.
B.1s22s22p63s23p2.
C.1s22s22p63s23d2.
D.1s22s22p63s23p3.
B. nhm I, PNC (kim loa kim). D. nhm VIII, PNC (nhm kh tr).
3. Sp xp cc baz theo th t tnh baz tng dn:
A. NaOH < Mg (OH)2 < KOH.
B. HCl, H2O.
C. Na2O, H2O.
D. ch c BaCl2.
B. Fe2(SO4)3.
C. KNO3.
D. KNO3, Ba(NO3)2.
B. Na2CO3.
C. KNO3.
D. Na2CO3, KNO3.
8. Cho hp th ht 2,24 lt NO2 (ktc) vo 0,5 lt dung dch NaOH 0,2M. Thm
tip vi git qu tm th dung dch c mu g?
A. Khng mu. B. Xanh.
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C. Tm.
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B. NaOH, NH4OH.
C. ch c H2SO4.
D. H2CO3, H2SO4.
10. Phi thm bao nhiu ml H2O vo 1ml dung dch HCl 0,01M c dung
dch c pH = 3.
A. 9 ml.
B.1 ml.
C. 2 ml.
D.5 ml.
11. Trn 10 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M vi 10 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,05M.Tnh
pH ca dung dch thu c.
A. pH = 6.
B. pH = 7.
C. pH = 8.
D. pH = 9.
12. Cho cc cht sau: SO2, CO2, CH4, C2H4. Cht no lm mt mu dung dch Br2?
A. SO2, CO2.
B. SO2, C2H4.
C. ch c SO2.
D. CO2, C2H4.
14. Cho m gam Mg vo 100 ml dung dch A cha ZnCl2 v CuCl2, phn ng hon
ton cho ra dung dch B cha 2 ion kim loi v mt cht rn D nng 1,93 gam.
Cho D tc dng vi dung dch HCl d cn li mt cht rn E khng tan nng
1,28 gam. Tnh m.
A. 0,24 gam.
B. 0,48 gam.
C. 0,12 gam.
D. 0,72 gam.
15. Cho bn dung dch mui CuSO4, ZnCl2, NaCl, KNO3. Khi in phn 4 dung
dch trn vi in cc tr, dung dch no s cho ra dung dch baz kim?
A. CuSO4.
B. ZnCl2.
C. NaCl.
D. KNO3.
3. Dng Al kh Na2O;
A. Ch dng 1.
B. Dng 3 v 4. C. ch dng 2.
D. ch dng 4.
17. Cho 4 kim loi Mg, Fe, Cu, Ag. Kim loi c tnh kh yu hn H2 l:
A. Mg v Fe.
B. Cu v Ag.
C. ch c Mg.
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D. ch c Ag.
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18. Cho CO qua 1,6 gam Fe2O3 t nng (gi s ch xy ra phn ng kh Fe2O3
thnh Fe).Kh thu c cho qua nc vi d thu c 3 gam. kt ta.Tnh %
khi lng Fe2O3 b kh v th tch kh CO phn ng ktc.
A. 100% ; 0,224 lt.
19. Cho cc kim loi sau: Ba, Al, Fe, Cu. Kim loi tan c trong nc l:
A. Ba v Al.
B. ch c Al.
C. ch c Ba.
D. Fe v Cu.
B. Ca.
C. Fe.
D. Cu.
22. Cho 3 kim loi: Na, Ba, Fe. C th phn bit 3 kim loi trn ch bng
A. H2O v dung dch HNO3.
B. ch c Zn.
C. ch c Pb v Zn.
D. ch c Cu v Ag.
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B. Ch c 2, 3.
C. Ch c 1, 2, 3.
D. Ch c 3,4.
26. Gi tn ru sau y:
CH
H3C C
C2H5
CH CH CH3
CH3 CH3
A. 2,3-imetyl-4-etylpentanol-2.
B. 2-etyl-3,4-imetylpentanol-4.
C. 2,3,4-trimetylhexanol-2.
D. 3,4,5-trimetylhexanol-5.
B.CH3CHO.
C.HCOOH.
D. CH 3 - C - CH 3 .
II
O
28. Cc ru no, n chc tc dng c vi CuO nung nng to ra c anehit l
A. ru bc 2.
B. ru bc 3.
C. ru bc 1.
D. ru bc 1 v bc 2.
2. ru no, n chc;
4. ru no, mch h.
Kt lun ng l:
A. c 4 kt lun. B. ch c 1.
C. ch c 3.
D. ch c 4.
B. HO-CH2-CH2-CH=O.
C. CH3-COOH.
D. HCOOCH3.
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B. HCOOCH3.
C. CH3COOH.
D. HCOOH.
B. HCC-CH2-CH3.
C. CH2=CH-CH=CH2.
D. CH3-CC-CH=CH2.
35. phn bit 3 dung dch cha 3 cht: CH3COOH, HCOOH, CH2=CH-COOH
c th dng thuc th sau:
A. Qu tm v dung dch Br2.
B. CH3NH2.
C. NH4Cl.
D. CH3-NH3Cl.
214
A. phenol.
B. phenol, CH3COOH.
C. CH3COOH.
D. CH3COOH, CH3CHO.
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B. CH3COOH.
C. phenol.
D. CH 3 - C - CH 3 .
II
Xc nh A, B tng ng.
A. X: CH2=CH-CH2Cl, Y: CH2Cl-CHCl-CH2Cl.
B. X: CH2Cl-CHCl-CH3, Y: CH2Cl-CHCl-CH2Cl.
C. X: CH2Cl-CHCl-CH3, Y:CH2=CH-CH2Cl.
D. X: CHCl2-CH=CH2, Y: CH2Cl-CHCl-CHCl2.
42. C th iu ch c CH3COOH trc tip bng mt phn ng t:
A. C2H5OH, C2H6, CH3OH.
B. CH3CHO, CH3COONa, C2H5OH, CH3COOCH3.
C. CH3CHO, CH3CH2COONa, CH3OH.
D. CH3COOCH3, CH3COONa, C2H6.
43. So snh tnh baz ca CH3NH2, NH3, CH3NHCH3,C6H5NH2:
A. C6H5NH2 < NH3 < CH3NHCH3 < CH3NH2.
B. NH3 < CH3NH2 < CH3NHCH3 < C6H5NH2.
C. C6H5NH2 < NH3 < CH3NH2 < CH3NHCH3.
D. CH3NH2 < C6H5NH2 < CH3NHCH3 <NH3.
44. Sp xp tnh axit theo th t mnh tng dn:
1. CH3COOH;
2. HCOOH;
3.CCl3-COOH.
A. 1 < 2 < 3.
B. 2 < 1 < 3.
C. 3 < 1 < 2.
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D. 3 < 2 < 1.
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B. C3H8O2.
C. C4H10O2.
D. C3H5(OH)3.
B. CH3CHO v C2H5CHO.
C. HCHO v CH3CHO.
D. kt qu khc.
47. Ha tan 26,8 gam hn hp 2 axit no,n chc vo H2O ri chia lm hai phn
bng nhau. Phn 1 cho tc dng hon ton vi Ag2O/NH3 d cho 21,6 gam
Ag. Phn hai trung ha hon ton bi 200 ml dung dch NaOH 1M. CTPT ca
2 axit l
A. HCOOH v C2H5COOH.
B. HCOOH v CH3COOH.
C. HCOOH v C3H7COOH.
D. HCOOH v C2H3COOH.
B. C3H6O2.
C. CH2O2.
D. C4H8O2.
49. t chy hon ton 1,1 gam hp cht hu c X thu c 2,2 gam CO2 v 0,9
gam H2O. Cho 4,4 gam X tc dng va vi 50 ml dung dch NaOH 1M th
to ra 4,8 gam mui. X c CTPT l
A. C2H5COOCH3.
B. CH3COOC2H5.
C. C2H5COOH.
D. CH3COOCH3.
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B. C5H10O2.
C. C4H8O2.
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D. kt qu khc.
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S 16
1. Khi lng nguyn t trung bnh ca Cu l 63,54 vC. Cu c 2 ng v l 63Cu
v 65Cu, % v khi lng ca 63Cu cha trong Cu2S l
A. 57,82%.
B. 57,49%.
C. 21,39%.
D. 21,82%.
2. Cho cc phn t ca cc cht (1) NH3, (2) Na2O, (3) H2S, (4) BaCl2, (5) N2,
(6) H2SO4. Cc phn t c lin kt cng ho tr phn cc l
A. 1; 2; 3.
B. 1; 3; 6.
C. 2; 4.
D. 3; 5; 6.
2. tng p sut ;
3. gim nhit ;
5. gim p sut.
A. 2; 4.
B. 1; 2; 4.
C. 2; 3; 4.
D. 1; 5.
B. 68.
C. 86.
D. 88.
B. 2; 3; 5.
C. 2; 5; 6.
D. 1; 4.
B. 2 v 2,3.
C. 3 v 2.
D. 3 v 12.
7. Cho 4,48 lt CO2 (ktc) hp th hon ton vo 200 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2
0,75M. Khi lng mui thu c l
A. 20 gam.
B. 15 gam.
C. 24,3 gam.
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D. 18,1 gam.
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8. Cho kh Cl2 vo dung dch KOH un nng khong 100oC. Sn phm ca phn
ng thu c l
A. KCl + KClO + H2O
B. KCl + H2O
A. 1 v 2.
C. ch c 4.
D. ch c 1.
11. Ho tan hon ton m gam hn hp Ba, Na, K vo H2O d thy thot ra 6,72 lt
H2 (ktc) v dung dch X. Trung ho 1/10 dung dch X cn V ml dung dch
HCl 1M. V bng
A. 60 ml.
B. 300 ml.
C. 80 ml.
D. 120ml.
12. Hn hp X gm 2 kim loi A v B thuc phn nhm chnh nhm II, 2 chu
k lin tip. Cho 1,76 gam X tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl d thu c
1,344 lt kh H2 (ktc). C cn dung dch sau phn ng, khi lng mui khan
thu c l
A. 6,02 gam.
B. 3,98 gam.
C. 5,68 gam.
D. 5,99 gam.
13. Cho 2,16 gam Al tan ht trong dung dch HNO3 long thu c 0,672 lt kh A
duy nht ktc. Kh A l
A. NO.
B. NO2.
2+
3+
C. N2O.
3+
D. N2.
2+
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15. Ho tan hon ton m gam Fe trong dung dch HNO3 va thy thot ra 0,03
mol NO2 v 0,02 mol NO. Tnh m.
A. 1,68 gam.
B. 1,12 gam.
C. 2,24 gam.
D. 0,84 gam.
16. Mt dung dch c cha cc ion: Fe3+, Cu2+, Ag+, H+. Khi cho mt thanh Al vo
dung dch trn th th t phn ng ca cc ion trong dung dch vi Al l
A. Ag+, Fe3+, Cu2+, H+, Fe2+.
17. Ngm mt inh st sch vo 200ml dung dch CuSO4. Sau khi phn ng kt
thc, ly inh st ra khi dung dch lm sch thy inh st nng thm 0,8 gam.
Nng ca dung dch CuSO4 l
A. 0,6M.
B. 0,7M.
C. 0,5M.
D. 1,5M.
18. Ag c ln Cu, Zn. loi b tp cht m khng lm thay i khi lng Ag.
Ta c th dng
A. dung dch Cu(NO3)2 d.
19. t mt kim loi X trong bnh kn ng kh Cl2 thu c 32,5 gam mui
clorua v nhn thy th tch kh Cl2 gim 6,72 lt ktc. Kim loi X l
A. Al.
B. Ca.
C. Cu.
D. Fe.
20. Kh mt oxit st bng CO nhit cao. Phn ng xong thu c 0,84 gam
Fe v 448 ml CO2 (ktc). CTPT ca oxit st l
A. FeO.
B. Fe2O3.
C. Fe3O4.
D. khng xc nh c.
B. Fe2O3.
C. Fe3O4.
D. khng xc nh c.
B. 2.
C. 1/3.
D. 3/2.
B. 33 gam.
C. 23 gam.
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D. 21 gam.
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24. C 3 dung dch cha 3 cht sau: Na2CO3, Na2SO4, NaHCO3. C th dng
thuc th no di y phn bit 3 dung dch trn?
A. dd HCl.
B. dd BaCl2.
C. C dd HCl v dd BaCl2.
D. dd Ba(OH)2.
25. Cho mt thanh Fe sch vo dung dch cha hn hp mui Fe(NO3)3, Cu(NO3)2,
NaHSO4 thy c kh NO v H2 thot ra. S phng trnh phn ng xy ra l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
B. ankaien.
C. ankin.
D. c ankaien v ankin.
B. toluen.
C. stiren.
D. iso-propylbenzen.
B. 2-metylbutan-2-ol.
C. 3-metylbutan-2-ol.
D. 3-metylbutan-1-ol.
B. p-CH3C6H4OH.
C. p-HO-CH2-C6H4-OH.
D. C6H5-O-CH3.
B. ru iso-butylic.
C. ru sec-butylic.
D. ru tert-butylic.
31. Cho 5,8 gam anehit A tc dng ht vi Cu(OH)2/NaOH c 14,4 gam Cu2O.
A l
A. CH3CHO.
B. (CHO)2.
C. C2H5CHO.
D. HCHO.
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C. Dung dch NH3, dung dch NaHCO3, Mg, dung dch AgNO3/ NH3.
D. NH3, dung dch Na2CO3, C2H5OH, Hg.
33. So snh tnh axit ca cc axit sau:
(1) CH2Cl-CHCl-COOH; (2) CH3-CHCl-COOH;
(3) HCOOH; (4) CCl3COOH; (5) CH3COOH.
A. (1)< (2) < (3) < (4) <(5).
2/ Na
3/ NaOH
4/ Ag2O/NH3
5/ CuO.
A. 1; 4; 5.
B. 2; 5.
C. 1; 3.
D. 1; 3; 4.
B. 70%.
C. 80%.
D. 85%.
B. axit 2-aminbutanioic.
C. axit 2-aminpentanioic.
D. axit 2-aminhexanioic.
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B. Nilon-6,6.
C. Nilon-6.
D. Thu tinh hu c.
B. C2H5COONH4.
C. HCOONH3CH2CH3.
D. c A, B, C u ng.
B. 0,2 mol.
C. 0,3 mol.
D. kt qu khc.
44. Cho 3 dung dch cha 3 cht sau: C6H5ONa (natriphenolat); C6H5NH3Cl (phenyl
amoniclorua); NaAlO2 v 2 cht lng ring bit C2H5OH; C6H6 (benzen). C th
dng b cht no sau y phn bit c cc l cha chng?
A. dd NaCl v dd HCl.
B. dd HCl v dd NaOH.
C. dd NaOH v CO2.
D. dd HCl v Na2SO4.
45. Cho cc cht sau: H2N-CH2-COOH (1); CH3COOH (2); HCOOH (3);
CH3COOCH3 (4); C6H5NH2 (5). Cht no khi cho vo dung dch HCl c phn
ng xy ra?
A. (1), (5).
D. ch c (1).
B. C4H8O2.
C. C5H10O2.
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D. C6H12O2.
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B. HO-C6H3(OH)NH2.
C. C6H5COONH4.
D. p-CH3-C6H4NO2.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
49. Mt hirocacbon no M khi t chy 1 mol M ch cho 5 mol CO2. Khi th Cl2
trong iu kin askt ch cho 1 sn phm th monoclo duy nht. M l
A. n-pentan.
B. isopentan.
C. neopentan.
D. xiclopentan.
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S 17
1. Cho cht hu c A c cng thc phn t C4H10O. un A vi H2SO4 c
170oC ngi ta thu c 3 anken. Tn gi ca cht A l
A. 2- metyl propanol.
B. butanol-1.
C. butanol-2.
D. metylpropyl ete.
B. FeO, SO2, S.
C. Na2O, F2, S.
B. 4,2,1,1.
C. 1,1,2,4.
D. 1,1,1,5.
B. dd BaCl2; Cu.
C. dd AgNO3; Na2CO3.
D. dd phenolphthalein.
2+
O2 / Mn
C2 H 2 / Zn
O2 / Cu 2Cl2 ,PdCl2
C2H4
X
Y
Z.
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Cht X, Y, Z theo th t l
A. CO; CO2 v CH3COOH.
B. CH2=CH-OH; CH3COOH v CH2=CH-COOCH3.
C. CH3CHO; CH3CH2OH v CH3CH2OCH=CH2.
D. CH3CHO; CH3COOH v CH3COOCH=CH2.
8. Cu hnh electron ca ion M2- s l cu hnh no trong s cc cu hnh sau y?
A. 1s22s22p6.
B. 1s22s22p63s23p63d6.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p64s2.
D. 1s22s22p63d104s24p5.
B. CH4O v C2H6O.
C. CH4O v C3H8O.
D. C2H6O2 v C4H10O2.
10. in phn dung dch hn hp HCl, NaCl vi in cc tr, mng ngn xp.
Hi trong qu trnh in phn, pH ca dung dch thay i nh th no?
A. Khng thay i.
B. Tng ln.
C. Gim xung.
D. C th tng, c th gim.
B. CH3COOCH=CH2.
C. C2H5COOCH=CH2.
D. CH3CH2COOCH3.
12. Cho a mol NaAlO2 tc dng vi dung dch cha b mol HCl, sau phn ng
thu c kt ta th
A.
a 1
> .
b 4
B.
a
< 1.
b
C.
c/H2SO4
a
1.
b
D. kt qu khc.
A. 1,2-initrobenzen.
B. 1,3-inotrobenzen.
C. 1,4-initrobenzen.
D. 1,3,5-trinitrobenzen.
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14. Mt hp kim gm cc kim loi Zn, Fe, Cu. Ho cht c th ho tan hon ton
hp kim trn thnh dung dch l
A. dung dch HCl.
15. Cht no sau y tham gia phn ng este nhanh nht vi ru etylic
A. CH3COOH.
B. C6H5OH.
C. (CH3CO)2O. D. (CH3)2CO.
B. C3H6O2 v C4H8O2.
C. C2H4O2 v C4H8O2.
D. C2H4O2 v C3H6O2.
C. 4 v 6.
D. 5 v 5.
B. HCOOH.
C. C2H4(CHO)2. D. C3H6(CHO)2.
20. t 8,96 lt H2S (ktc) ri ho tan sn phm kh sinh ra vo dung dch NaOH
25% (d = 1,28 g/ml) thu c 46,88 gam mui. Th tch dung dch NaOH l
A. 100 ml.
B. 80ml.
C. 120 ml.
D. 90 ml.
21. em phn tch 0,005 mol mt este A thu c 0,66 gam CO2 v 0,27 gam
H2O. Bit t khi ca A i vi khng kh l 2,55. Khi cho A tc dng vi
NaOH cho mt mui m khi lng bng 34/37 khi lng A. Cng thc n
gin, cng thc phn t, cng thc cu to ca A ln lt l
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B. 0,5M v 0,3M.
C. 0,2 M v 0,5 M.
D. kt qu khc.
B. HCHO v C2H5CHO.
C. HCHO v C3H7CHO.
D. HCHO v CH3CHO.
24. 6,94 gam hn hp gm 1 oxit st v nhm ho tan hon ton trong 100 ml
dung dch H2SO4 1,8M to thnh 0,03 mol H2 v dung dch A. Bit lng
H2SO4 ly d 20% so vi lng phn ng. Cng thc ca oxit st l
A. FeO.
B. Fe3O4.
C. Fe2O3.
D. khng xc nh.
25. t chy 7,2 gam cht hu c X thu c 2,65 gam mui Na2CO3 v hn hp
hi. Dn hi thu c ln lt qua bnh I ng H2SO4 c v bnh II ng nc
vi trong d. Thy khi lng bnh I tng 2,25 gam v bnh II c 32,5 gam. cht
kt ta A. Phn t X ch c 2 nguyn t oxi. X c cng thc phn t l
A. C3H5O2Na.
B. C7H5O2Na.
C. C6H5O2Na.
D. C4H9O2Na.
B. benzen.
C. crezol.
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D. etanol.
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B. Pb(NO3)2.
C. Fe2(SO4)3.
D. A hoc B.
C. Rn(OH)m, Rn(COOH)m.
D. (CH3)nOH, (CH3)nCOOH.
B. tng nhit .
B. phn ng vi Ag2O/NH3.
B. lin kt peptit.
C. lin kt hiro.
D. lin kt amin.
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B. C4H8.
C. C3H4.
D. C4H10.
36. Khi cho ozon tc dng ln giy c tm dung dch tinh bt v KI thy xut hin
mu xanh. Hin tng ny xy ra l do
A. s oxi ho ozon.
B. s oxi ho kali.
C. s oxi ho iotua.
B. 1 < 3 < 2.
C. 3 < 2 < 1.
D. 2 < 1 < 3.
B. 46 : 6 : 9.
C. 46 : 2 : 3.
D. 20 : 2 : 3.
H2O / H
A. CH3-CN
CH3CHO
K2 Cr2O7 / H 2SO4
B. CH3-CH2-OH
CH3CHO
KMnO4 / H 2SO4
C. CH3-CH2-OH
CH3CHO
PdCl2 , CuCl2
D. CH2=CH2 + O2
CH3CHO
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41. C 3 cht lng C2H5OH, C6H6, C6H5NH2 v 3 dung dch NH4HCO3, KAlO2,
C6H5OK. nhn bit mi dung dch trn ch dng
A. dd KOH.
B. dd HCl.
C. dd Ba(OH)2. D. dd BaCl2.
Mui X
to
Rn X1
+H2
Rn X2
(mu )
+FeCl3
+ dd M
X3
Fe(NO3)2
hn hp mu nu
D. K2O, K, KCl.
B. C2H4(OH)2.
C. C4H8(OH)2.
D. C3H6(OH)2.
B. vi oxi.
D. vi kim.
45. Cho 3,15 gam mt hn hp axit axetic, axit crylic v axit propionic lm mt
mu hon ton dung dch cha 3,2 gam brom. trung ho hon ton 3,15
gam cng hn hp trn cn 45 ml dung dch KOH 1M. Khi lng (gam) tng
axit ln lt l
A. 1,44 ; 0,6 ; 1,11.
D. p n khc.
46. Cho m gam kim loi Na vo 200 gam. dung dch Al2(SO4)3 1,71%. Sau khi
phn ng xong thu c 0,78 gam kt ta. m c gi tr l
A. 0,69 gam.
B. 1,61 gam.
C. c A v B u ng.
D. p n khc
B. HCOOH.
C. mantoz.
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D. saccaroz.
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48. Cho a gam hn hp E (Al, Mg, Fe ) tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 d thu c
hn hp kh gm 0,02 mol NO, 0,01 mol N2O, 0,01 mol NO2 v dung dch X.
C cn dung dch X thu c 11,12 gam mui khan. a c gi tr l
A. 1,82.
B. 11,2.
C. 9,3.
D. kt qu khc.
49. Hai cht hu c (cha C, H, O) c s mol bng nhau v bng a mol. Chng tc
dng va vi nhau to ra sn phm A khng tan trong nc v c khi
lng nh hn tng khi lng 2 cht ban u l 18a gam. A thuc loi hp
cht no?
A. ancol.
B. axit.
C. este.
D. mui.
50. Trn 0,54 gam Al vi Fe2O3 v CuO ri tin hnh phn ng nhit nhm c
hn hp A. Ho tan hon ton A trong HNO3 c hn hp NO2 v NO c
M = 42 vC. Th tch NO2 v NO ktc l
A. 0,672 lt v 0,224 lt.
D. kt qu khc.
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S 18
1. i vi nng lng ca cc phn lp theo nguyn l vng bn, trng hp no
sau y khng ng?
A. 2p > 2s.
B. 2p < 3s.
C. 3s < 4s.
D. 4s > 3d.
D. Tt c u sai.
B. 3,89%.
C. 4,98%.
D. 3,95%.
B. 1,32%.
C. 1,3%.
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D. 1,6%.
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B. pH > 1.
C. [H+] = [NO2-].
B. C3H6.
C. C2H4.
D. CH4.
B. 9.
C. 22.
D. 20.
11. Khi cho mt ancol tc dng vi kim loi hot ng ho hc mnh (va
hoc d) nu VH2 sinh ra bng 1/2 Vhi ancol o cng iu kin th l ancol
no sau y?
A. a chc.
B. n chc.
B. CH3COOH.
C. CH3OH.
D. HCOOH.
B. 6.
C. 5.
D. 7.
B. 2, 3.
C. 3, 4.
D. 1, 4.
15. phn bit cc cht ring bit fomalin, axeton, xiclohexen, ta c th tin
hnh theo trnh t no sau y?
A. Dng nc brom, dng dung dch thuc tm.
B. Dng thuc th AgNO3/NH3, dng nc brom.
C. Dng dung dch thuc tm, dng AgNO3/NH3.
D. A, B, C u ng.
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B. HCOOH.
C. HCOONH4. D. A, B, C u ng.
17. Cho cng thc nguyn cht ca cht X l (C3H4O3)n. Bit X l axit no, a
chc. X l hp cht no sau y?
A. C2H3(COOH)3.
B. C4H7(COOH)3.
C. C3H5(COOH)3.
D. A, B, C u sai.
B. 0,425M v 0,3M.
C. 0,4M v 0,2M.
D. 0,425M v 0,025M.
20. Cho 3,06 gam oxit tan trong HNO3 d thu c 5,22 gam mui. Cng thc
phn t oxit kim loi l
A. MgO.
B. BaO.
C. CaO.
D. Fe2O3.
B. 64 v 66.
C. 63 v 66.
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D. 65 v 67.
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23. Trn 40 ml dung dch H2SO4 0,25M vi 60 ml dung dch NaOH 0,5M. Gi tr
pH ca dung dch thu c sau khi trn l
A. 14.
B. 12.
C. 13.
D.11.
24. t chy hon ton 6,2 gam photpho trong oxi d. Cho sn phm to thnh tc
dng vi 50 gam dung dch NaOH 32%. Mui to thnh trong dung dch phn
ng l mui no sau y?
A. Na2HPO4.
B. Na3PO4 v NaH2PO4.
C. Na2PO4.
D. Na2HPO4 v Na2HPO4.
B. C4H8.
C. C2H4.
D. C5H12.
C. ancol thm.
D. phenol.
27. Cho ancol thm c cng thc C8H10O. Ancol thm no sau y tho mn iu
kin:
- H 2O
X
X polime.
A. C6H5CH2CH2OH.
B. H3C-C6H4-CH2OH.
C. C6H4 CH CH3 v C6H5CH2CH2OH.
OH
D. C5H4 CH CH3 .
OH
28. Axit fomic c th ln lt phn ng vi tt c cc cht trong nhm cht no
sau y?
A. Dung dch NH3, dung dch NaHCO3, Cu, CH3OH.
B. Dung dch NH3, dung dch NaHCO3, dung dch AgNO3/NH3, Mg.
C. Na, dung dch Na2CO3, C2H5OH, dung dch Na2SO4.
D. Dung dch NH3, dung dch Na2CO3, Hg, CH3OH.
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29. Cho ancol c cng thc C5H11OH. Khi tch nc, ancol ny khng to ra cc
anken ng phn th s ng phn ca ancol l bao nhiu trong cc s cho
di y:
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. Tt c u sai.
30. Mt anehit no X mch h, khng phn nhnh c cng thc thc nghim l
(C2H3O)n. X c cng thc phn t l
A. C2H4(CHO)2. B. C2H5CHO.
C. C4H8(CHO)2. D. C4H8(CHO)4
31. phn bit cc cht ring bit benzanehit, benzen, ancol benzylic, ta c th
tin hnh theo trnh t no sau y?
A. Dng thuc th AgNO3/NH3 dng dung dch brom.
B. Dng Na kim loi, dng dung dch NaOH.
C. Dng thuc th AgNO3/NH3 dng Na.
D. Dung dch brom, dng Na kim loi.
32. C hai cht hu c X, Y cha cc nguyn t C, H, O phn t khi u bng 74
vC. Bit X tc dng vi Na; c X v Y u tc dng c vi dung dch
NaOH v dung dch AgNO3 trong NH3 d. X v Y c cng thc cu to no
sau y?
A. C4H9OH v HCOOC2H5.
B. OHC-COOH v HCOOC2H5.
B. HCOOC3H7.
C. C2H5COOCH3.
D. Khng xc nh c.
B. Fe(OH)2 v Cu(OH)2.
C. Fe(OH)2.
D. Cu(OH)2.
35. Cho 10,08 gam Fe ra ngoi khng kh, sau mt thi gian thu c hn hp g
st gm 4 cht (Fe, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4) c khi lng l 12 gam. Cho g st
tc dng vi dung dch HNO3 long dc dung dch X v kh NO.
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B. 1,68 lt.
C. 2,8 lt.
D. 4,48 lt.
B. 1s22s22p63s23p2.
C. 1s22s22p63s23d2.
D. 1s22s22p63s23d4.
B. nhm VIIIA.
D. Nhm VIIA.
B. Na2O v H2O.
C. HCl v H2O.
D. Ch c BaCl2.
41. Cho cc dung dch sau: Ba(NO3)2, Na2CO3, Fe2(SO4)3, KCl. Dung dch no c
pH = 7?
A. C 4 dung dch.
C. KCl, Ba(NO3)2.
42. Cho 1 git qu tm vo dung dch cc mui sau: (NH4)2SO4, Na2CO3, KNO3,
Al(NO3)3 dung dch no lm qu tm chuyn sang mu xanh?
A. (NH4)2SO4, Al(NO3)3.
B. (NH4)2SO4, Na2CO3.
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43. Hp th hon ton 2,24 lt kh NO2 vo 0,5 lt dung dch NaOH 0,2M ri thm
vi git qu tm th dung dch c mu g?
A. Tm.
D. .
45. Phi thm bao nhiu ml H2O vo 1 ml dung dch HCl 0,01 M dung dch thu
c c pH = 3?
A. 1 ml.
B. 9 ml.
C. 99 ml.
D. 9,9 ml.
46. Trn 10 ml dung dch HCl 0,1M vi 10 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,05M th thu
c dung dch A. Dung dch A c pH bng
A. 13.
B. 1,7.
C. 7.
D. 4.
47. Cho cc cht sau: SO2, CO2, CH4, C2H4 cht no c kh nng lm mt mu
dung dch nc brom:
A. SO2, CO2.
B. SO2, C2H4.
C. SO2, CH4.
D. CH4, C2H4.
48. Sp xp cc cht v ion: Fe2+, Cu, Ag, Ni theo chiu tng dn tnh kh:
A. Fe2+, Cu, Ag, Ni.
49. Cho m gam Mg vo 100 ml dung dch A cha ZnCl2 v CuCl2 phn ng hon
ton cho ra dung dch B cha 2 ion kim loi v mt cht rn nng 1,93 gam.
Cho D tc dng vi dung dch HCl d cn li mt cht rn E khng tan nng
1,28 gam. Tnh m.
A. 0,24.
B. 0,12.
C. 0,48.
D. 0,72.
50. Cho CO qua 1,6 gam Fe2O3 t nng (gi s ch xy ra phn ng kh Fe2O3
thnh Fe). Kh thu c cho qua dung dch nc vi trong d thu c 3 gam
kt ta. Tnh % khi lng Fe2O3 b kh v th tch kh CO phn ng
ktc.
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S 19
1. Cu hnh electron no sau y ng vi nguyn t ca Fe?
A. 1s22s22p63s23p64s23d6.
B. 1s22s22p63s23p63d8.
C. 1s22s22p63s23p64s24p6.
D. 1s22s22p63s23p63d64s2.
t
2. FeO + CO
Fe + CO2
o
t
3. 2FeO + 4H2SO4
Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 4H2O
o
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 1 v 3.
3. Kim loi X tc dng vi dung dch HCl, dung dch NaOH, khng tc dng vi
HNO3 c ngui l kim loi no trong s cc kim loi sau?
A. Ag.
B. Fe.
C. Al.
D. Fe v Al.
B. 2, 3.
C. 3, 4.
D. 4, 1.
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B. FeS, Fe.
C. FeS, S.
D. FeS.
B. HCl.
C. Al.
D. Mg.
11. Fe2O3 c ln Al2O3 th tch c st oxit tinh khit bng cc dung dch no
sau y?
A. HCl.
B. NaCl.
C. Ca(OH)2.
D. HNO3.
12. Mt hn hp gm MgO, Al2O3, SiO2. Thu ly SiO2 tinh khit bng cch no
sau y?
A. Ngm hn hp vo dung dch NaOH d.
B. Ngm hn hp vo dung dch HCl d.
C. Ngm hn hp vo dung dch CuSO4 d.
C. Ngm hn hp vo nc nng.
13. Ngi ta c th lm mm nc cng tm thi bng phng php no sau y?
1. un nng trc khi dng.
2. Dng dd Na3PO4.
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B. 2,3,4.
C. 3,4,1.
D. 1, 2, 3.
14. Hin tong g xy ra khi t t dung dch H2SO4 long vo dung dch NaAlO2?
A. Lc u c kt ta keo trng, sau kt ta tan dn
B. Khng c hin tng g xy ra
C. Ch c hin tng xut hin kt ta
D. C hin tng to kt ta v that ra bt kh khng mu
15. Thc hin phn ng nhit nhm: hn hp gm (Al + Fe3O4) n hon ton,
sau phn ng thu c cht rn A. A tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl d
gii phng H2, nhng ch tan mt phn trong dung dch NaOH d gii phng
H2. Vy thnh phn ca cht rn A l
A. Al, Fe, Fe3O4.
D. Fe, Al2O3.
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B. 7,84 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 5,6 lt.
23. Cho V lt (ktc) CO2 tc dng vi 200 ml dung dch Ca(OH)2 1M thu c 10
gam kt ta. Vy th tch V ca CO2 l
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 6,72 lt.
C. 8,96 lt.
B. 9,9 gam.
C. 21,1 gam.
D. tt c u sai .
25. Cho 2,49 gam hn hp 3 kim loi: Mg, Zn, Fe tan hon ton trong dung dch
H2SO4 long thy c 1,344 lt H2 thot ra (ktc). Khi lng hn hp mui
sunphat khan to ra l
A. 4,25 gam.
242
B. 8,25 gam.
8,35 gam.
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D. 2,61 gam.
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26. Cho 1 lt dung dch cha HCl 0,005M v H2SO4 0,0025M. Gi tr pH ca dung
dch l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
28. t chy hon ton 1,8 gam mt amin no n chc cn 3,36 lt O2 (ktc). Vy
cng thc phn t ca amin l
A. CH3NH2.
B. CH3CH2NH2. C. C3H7NH2.
D. C4H9NH2.
B. CH3CH2NH2.
C. CH3COOC2H5.
D. H2NCH2COOH.
C. Do tc dng vi nc.
B. 2, 3, 4.
C. 3, 4, 5.
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D. 1, 4, 5.
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A1
Fe/HCl
A2
Br2/H2O
A3
Cng thc cu to ca A3 l
NH2
NH2
A.
B.
Br
Br
Br
NH2
Br
D. Tt c u sai
C.
Br
B. HCOOCH3.
C. CH3COOH.
D. HO-CH=CH-OH.
B. CH4, C2H2.
C. C2H4, C2H2.
D. C6H6, C2H2.
C. CH3COOH, C6H12O6.
B. CH3COOC2H5, C2H5OH.
D. CH3COOH, CH3COOC2H5.
(2) HOOC-CH2-CH(NH2)-COOH.
(3) (H2N)2-CH2-COOH.
(4) H3N+-CH2-COOH.
A. (1) v (3).
C. (1) v (4).
B. (2) v (3).
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D. (2) v (4).
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H 2 / Ni
Cl2 / as
H 2O / OH
O2 / Cu
C3 H 6
B1
B2
B3
B4
B. CH3CH2CHO.
C. CH3CHOHCH3.
D. CH3COCHO.
40. Cho 36 gam glucoz vo dung dch AgNO3 1M /NH3 thy Ag kim loi tch ra.
Khi lng Ag thu c v th tch dung dch AgNO3 cn dng (hiu sut cc
phn ng t 100%) l
A. m Ag = 21,6 gam; Vdd AgNO3 = 200 ml .
B. m Ag = 43,2gam; Vdd AgNO3 = 400 ml .
C. m Ag = 21,6 gam; Vdd AgNO3 = 400 ml .
D. m Ag = 43,2gam; Vdd AgNO3 = 200 ml
41. Cho s phn ng sau:
Cl2 / 500 C
Cl2 / H 2O
NaOH
Propen
A
B
C
o
Cng thc cu to ph hp ca C l
A. CH3CH2CH2OH.
B. CH2=CH-CH2OH.
C. CH2OH-CHOH-CH2OH.
D. CH3-CHOH-CH2OH.
H 2 O / xt
men
Al 2O3 ,ZnO / 450 C
p,t ,xt
Tinh bt
X
Y
Z
T
o
Cng thc cu to ca T l
A. (-CH2-CH2-)n.
B. (-CH2-CH=CH-CH2-)n.
C. CH2=CH-CH2OH.
D.
CH CH
CH3 CH3
.
n
43. Hp cht thm A c cng thc phn t l C8H8O2. A tc dng c Na, NaOH,
tham gia phn ng trng gng. Vy cng thc cu to ph hp ca A l
A.
HO
HO
CH CH2
B.
CHCHO
OH
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CH2COOH
C.
D.
CH2CHO
HO
Na
NaOH
Trng gng
B. CH3CH2CH2CH2CH3.
C. CH3CH2CH(CH3)2.
D. Tt c u ng.
46. Mt anehit no A, mch h, khng phn nhnh c cng thc thc nghim l
(C2H3O)n. Cng thc cu to ca A l
A. OHC-CH2-CH2-CHO.
B. HOCH2-CH=CH-CHO.
C. CH3-CH(CHO)2.
D. CH3-CO-CH2CHO.
B. CH2OH-CHOH-CH3.
B. CH2OH-CHOH-CH2OH.
D. CH2OH-CH2OH.
48. trung ha 1 lt dung dch axit hu c X cn 0,5lt dung dch NaOH 1M, c
cn thu c 47 gam. mui khan. Mt khc khi cho 1 lt dung dch axit trn tc
246
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B. CH2=CH-CH2-COOH.
C. CH3-CH=CH-COOH.
D. CH3-CH2-COOH.
49. Cho 14,8 gam mt este no n chc A tc dng va vi 100ml dung dch
NaOH 2M. Tm CTCT ca A bit rng A c tham gia phn ng trng gng:
A. CH3COOCH=CH2.
B. HCOOCH3.
C. CH2=CH-COOH.
D. HCOOCH2CH3.
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S 20
1. Mt anken (c 6 nguyn t C), phn ng vi dung dch KMnO4, trong mi
trng axit, ch cho mt sn phm oxi ha l CH3-CO-CH3, anken l
A. 2,3-imetyl-2-buten.
B. 3-metyl-2-penten.
C. isopren.
D. trans-3-hexen.
B. 30.
C. 18.
D. 20.
B.2870 C.
C.1212 C.
D.2550 C.
B. 40 pht 15 giy.
C. 0,45 gi.
D. 0,65 gi.
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7. Ha tan m gam hn hp 2 mui cacbonat kim loi ha tr (I) v (II) bng dung
dch HCl d thu c dung dch A v V lt kh CO2 (ktc). C cn dung dch
A thu c (m+3,3) gam mui khan. Tnh V?
A. 2,24 lt.
B. 3,72 lt.
C. 6,72 lt.
D. 8,96 lt.
B. C2H3COOH v C2H5COOH.
C. C2H5COOH v CH3COOH.
D. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
B. 10.
C. 9.
D.8.
B. 99:1.
C. 2:3.
D. 3:2.
C. 10-10.
B. 4.
D. 104.
13. Khi trn nhng th tch bng nhau ca dung dch HNO3 0,01M v dung dch
NaOH 0,03M th thu c dung dch c pH bng
A. 9.
B. 12,3.
C. 13.
D.12.
B. 2; 3 ; 5; 7.
C. 2; 4; 7; 8.
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D. 2; 4; 5; 7.
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B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
B. 1 ankin +1 anken.
C. 1 ankan +1 anken.
D. 1 ankan +1 ankin.
B. 9,5.
C. 10,5.
D.11.
B. 4,5.
C. 5,6.
D.6,6.
250
A. C6H5NO2 v C6H4(NO2)2.
B. C6H4(NO2)2 v C6H3(NO2)3.
C. C6H5NO2 v C6H3(NO2)3.
D. khng xc nh c.
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B.200 v 150.
C.150 v 170.
D.170 v 180.
24. Khi lng phn t trung bnh ca xenluloz tnh theo .v.C trong si bng l
1750000, trong si gai l 5900000. S mt xch trung bnh trong cng thc
phn t xenluloz ca mi loi si tng ng l
A. 10802 v 36420.
B. 12500 v 32640.
C.32450 v 38740.
D.16780 v 27900.
25. Cn bao nhiu lt axit H2SO4 (d = 1,84 g/ml) v bao nhiu lt nc ct pha
thnh 9 lt dung dch H2SO4 c d = 1,28 g/ml.
A. 3 lt v 6 lt. B. 2 lt v 7 lt.
C. 6 lt v 3 lt.
D. 4 lt v 5 lt.
26. Hin tng quan st c khi cho dung dch nc iot ln lt vo ming chui
cn xanh v ming chui chn l
A. c hai cho mu xanh lam.
B. c hai khng i mu.
C. ming chui cn xanh cho mu xanh tm, ming chn khng nh vy.
D. ming chui chn cho mu xanh lam, ming xanh khng nh vy.
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Z.
H 2O
180 o C
Cng thc cu to ca T l
A. C2H5COOCH3.
B. CH3COOH.
C. C2H5COOH.
D. CH3COOC2H5.
29. Cn trn theo t l th tch no 2 dung dch NaOH 0,1M vi dung dch NaOH
0,2M c dung dch NaOH 0,15M. Cho rng s trn ln khng thay i
th tch.
A. 1 : 1.
B. 1 : 2.
C. 2 : 1.
D. 2 : 3.
30. Tin hnh th nghim sau: Cho mt t bt ng kim loi vo ng nghim cha
dung dch FeCl3, lc nh ng nghim s quan st thy hin tng no sau y?
A. Kt ta St xut hin v dung dch c mu xanh.
B. Khng c hin tng g xy ra.
C. ng tan v dung dch c mu xanh.
D. C kh mu vng lc ca Cl2 thot ra.
31. Cho vo ng nghim 1ml dung dch protit (lng trng trng), tip theo cho
1ml dung dch NaOH c v 1 git dung dch CuSO4 2%, lc nh ng nghim.
mu ca dung dch quan st c l
A. xanh tm.
B. vng.
C. en.
32. Cho 3,2 gam Cu tc dng vi 100ml dung dch hn hp HNO3 0,8M + H2SO4
0,2M, sn phm kh duy nht ca HNO3 l kh NO. S gam mui khan thu
c l
A. 5,64.
252
B. 7,9.
C. 8,84.
D. ba kt qu trn u sai.
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33. Cho 3,2 gam Cu tc dng vi 100ml dung dch hn hp HNO3 0,8M + H2SO4
0,2M, sn phm kh duy nht ca HNO3 l kh NO. Th tch (tnh bng lt) kh
NO ( ktc) l
A. 0,672.
B. 0,448.
C. 0,224.
D. 0,336.
35. 17,7 gam mt ankylamin cho tc dng vi dung dch FeCl3 d thu c 10,7
gam kt ta. Cng thc ca ankylamin l
A. CH3NH2.
B. C4H9NH2.
C. C3H9N.
D. C2H5NH2.
36. Dung dch AlCl3 trong nc b thy phn nu thm vo dung dch cc cht sau
y, cht no lm tng cng qu trnh thy phn AlCl3?
A. NH4Cl.
B. Na2CO3.
C. ZnSO4.
D. Khng c cht no c.
B. ru khng no.
C. ru no.
D. khng xc nh c.
38. Khi nung nng mnh 25,4 gam hn hp gm kim loi M v mt oxit st
phn ng xy ra hon ton, th thu c11,2 gam st v 14,2 gam mt xt ca
kim loi M. Hi M l kim loi no?
A. Al.
B. Cr.
C. Mn.
D. Zn.
39. Dng giy rp nh sch mnh nhm ri nh mt git dung dch HgCl2 ln b
mt sch mnh nhm. Sau 2 pht, lau kh v mnh nhm trong khng kh.
Hin tng quan st c sau cng l
A. nhng ht nh li ti mu trng bc ca thy ngn ln trn mnh nhm.
B. b mt nhm c mu en.
C. nhng si nh nh si ch mu trng xut hin trng nh lng t.
D. si bt trn b mt mnh nhm do AlCl3 b thy phn.
40. Cho hi nc i qua than nng c hn hp kh A gm CO2,CO, H2.
Ton b lng kh A va kh ht 48 gam Fe2O3 thnh Fe v thu c 10,8
gam H2O. Phn trm th tch CO2 trong hn hp kh A l
A. 28,571.
B. 14,289.
C. 13,235.
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D. 16,135.
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B. CH3-CH2-OH.
C. NH3.
D. HF.
D. 4.
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S 21
1. Cho cc dung dch X1: HCl, X2: KNO3, X3: HCl + KNO3, X4: Fe2(SO4)3. Dung
dch no c th ha tan c bt ng?
A. X1, X4, X2.
B. X3, X2.
C. X3, X4.
B. 12.
C. 10.
D. 8.
5. Ha tan ht 22,064 gam hn hp Al, Zn bng dung dch HNO3 thu c 3,136
lt hn hp NO v N2O (ktc) vi s mol mi kh nh nhau. Tnh % khi
lng ca Al trong hn hp.
A. 5.14%.
B. 6,12%.
C. 6,48%.
D. 7,12%.
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7. Cho 16 gam Cu tan hon ton vo 200 ml dung dch HNO3, phn ng va ,
gii phng mt hn hp 4,48 lt kh NO v NO2 c t khi hi vi H2 l 19.
Tnh CM ca dung dch HNO3.
A.2 M.
B. 3M.
C. 1,5M.
D. 0,5M.
B. 13,44%.
C. 15,20%.
D. 24,50%.
B. 100 ml.
C. 200 ml.
B. C2H5COOH.
C. CH3CH=CHCOOH.
D. HOOCCH2COOH.
12. Cn ha tan bao nhiu gam SO3 vo 100 gam dung dch H2SO4 10% c
dung dch H2SO4 20%?
A. 6,320 gam.
B. 8,224 gam.
C. 9,756 gam.
D. 10,460 gam.
B. 2, 3, 5, 7.
C. 2, 4, 7, 8.
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D. 2, 4, 5, 7.
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14. Cho 15,8 gam KMnO4 tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HCl c, d. Th tch
kh thu c ktc l
A. 4,8 lt.
B. 5,6 lt.
C. 0,56 lt.
D. 8,96 lt.
B. CuO.
C. CaCO3.
D. Cu(OH)2/OH-.
16. Khi trn nhng th tch bng nhau ca dung dch HNO3 0,01M v dung dch
NaOH 0,03M th thu c dung dch c pH bng
A. 9.
B. 12,30.
C. 13.
D. 12.
B. 9,5 gam.
C. 10,5 gam.
D. 11 gam.
B. 6 gam.
C. 9 gam.
D. 12 gam.
20. Cn ly bao nhiu tinh th CuSO4. 5H2O v bao nhiu gam dung dch CuSO4
8% pha thnh 280 gam dung dch CuSO4 16%?
A. 40 v 240 gam.
B. 50 v 250 gam.
C. 40 v 250 gam.
D. 50 v 240 gam.
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B. CH3CH2CH2OH.
C. CH3CH(CH3)OH.
D. CH3CH2CH2CH2OH.
D. CO, NO.
24. Khi lng phn t ca mt loi t capron bng 16950 vC, ca t enang
bng 21590 vC. S mt xch trong cng thc phn t ca mi loi t trn ln
lt l
A. 120 v 160.
B. 200 v 150.
C. 150 v 170.
D. 170 v 180.
B. 66,8 gam.
C. 29,6 gam.
D. 60,6 gam.
B. Cho vo mt t Na3PO4.
C. un nng.
D. Cho vo mt t NaCl.
27. Th tch dung dch HCl 0,3M cn trung ha 100 ml dung dch hn hp
NaOH 0,1M v Ba(OH)2 0,1M l
A. 100 ml.
258
B. 150 ml.
C. 200 ml.
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D. 250 ml.
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B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
B. 6.2 gam.
C. 3,4 gam.
D. 4,4 gam.
30. Nng ion NO3- trong nc ung ti a cho php l 9 ppm. Nu tha ion
NO3- s gy ra mt s bnh thiu mu hoc to thnh nitrosamin (mt hp
cht gy ung th trong ng tiu ha). nhn bit ion NO3- ngi ta c th
dng cc ha cht no di y?
A. Dung dch CuSO4 v dung dch NaOH.
B. Cu v dung dch H2SO4.
C. Cu v dung dch NaOH.
D. Dung dch CuSO4 v dung dch H2SO4.
31. Este X c iu ch t aminoaxit A v ru etylic. 2,06 gam X ha hi hon
ton chim th tch bng th tch ca 0,56 gam nit cng iu kin nhit ,
p sut. X c cng thc cu to l
A. NH2-CH2-CH2-COO-CH2-CH3.
B. NH2-CH2-COOCH2-CH3.
C. CH3-NH-COO-CH2-CH3.
D. CH3-COO-NH-CH2-CH3.
32. Chia hn hp X gm hai ru, n chc, thuc cng dy ng ng thnh hai
phn bng nhau.
- Phn 1: em t chy hon ton thu c 2,24 lt CO2 (ktc).
- Phn 2: Thc hin phn ng tch nc hon ton vi H2SO4 c, 180oC
thu c hn hp Y gm hai anken. t chy hon ton hn hp Y ri cho ton
b sn phm chy i chm qua bnh ng dung dch nc vi trong d, kt thc
th nghim thy khi lng bnh tng ln m gam. Gi tr ca m l
A. 4,4 gam.
B. 1,8 gam.
C. 6,2 gam.
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D. 10 gam.
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B. 50,0%.
C. 75,0%.
D. 33,33%.
34. Cho 3,2 gam Cu tc dng vi 100 ml dung dch hn hp HNO3 0,8M + H2SO4
0,2M, sn phm kh duy nht ca HNO3 l kh NO. Th tch (tnh bng lt) kh
NO ( ktc) l
A. 0,672.
B. 0,448.
C. 0,224.
D. 0,336.
35. Khi lng phn t trung bnh ca xenluloz tnh theo vC. trong si bng l
1750000, trong si gai l 5900000. S mt xch trung bnh trong cng thc
phn t xenluloz ca mi loi si tng ng l
A. 10802 v 36420.
B. 12500 v 32640.
C. 32450 v 38740.
D. 16780 v 27900.
36. Axit X mch h, khng phn nhnh c cng thc thc nghim (C3H5O2)n. Gi
tr ca n v cng thc cu to ca X l
A. n = 1, C2H4COOH.
B. n = 2, HOOC[CH2]4COOH.
C. n = 2, CH3CH2CH(COOH)CH2COOH.
D. n = 2, HOOCCH2CH(CH3)CH2COOH.
37. C bao nhiu ng phn l hp cht thm c cng thc phn t C8H10O khng
tc dng c vi Na v NaOH?
A. 4.
B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
38. Khi nung nng mnh 25,4 gam hn hp gm kim loi M v mt oxit st
phn ng xy ra hon ton th thu c 11,2 gam st v 14,2 gam mt oxit ca
kim loi M. M l kim loi no?
A. Al.
B. Cr.
C. Mn.
D. Zn.
B. 4.
C. 6.
D. 8.
C. 5.
D. 6.
B. 4.
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41. Cho 6,72 lt (ktc) hai kh c s mol bng nhau gm axetilen v propan li t
t qua 0,16 lt dung dch Br2 0,5M (dung mi CCl4) thy dung dch mt mu
hon ton, kh i ra khi bnh chim th tch 5,5 lt o 25oC v 760 mmHg.
Khi lng sn phm cng brom l
A. 25,95 gam.
B. 23,25 gam.
C. 17,95 gam.
D. 14,75 gam.
B. HCl.
C. BaCl2.
Qu tm.
B. canxi hiroxit.
C. canxi cacbonat.
D. canxi oxit.
45. Dung dch no di y c th dng nhn bit ba dung dch: NaCl, ZnCl2,
AlCl3?
A. NaOH.
B. NH3.
C. HCl.
D. BaCl2.
46. t chy hon ton 3,7 gam cht hu c X cn dng va 3,92 lt O2 (ktc)
thu c CO2 v H2O c t l s mol l 1 : 1. X tc dng vi KOH to ra hai
cht hu c. S ng phn cu to ca X tha mn iu kin trn l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
47. Oxit B c cng thc X2O. Tng s ht c bn (p, n, e) trong B l 92, trong s
ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 28. B l cht no di y?
A. Na2O.
B. K2O.
C. Cl2O.
D. N2O.
48. Trong cng thc CS2, tng s i electron lp ngoi cng ca C v S cha
tham gia lin kt l
A. 2.
B. 3.
C. 4.
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Cl
C.
B.
CH C
C
Cl
Cl
D. khng x c nh
C
Cl
CH2 C
262
B. 14,289%.
C. 13,235%.
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D. 13,135%.
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S 22
1. Ancol X mch h c s nguyn t cacbon bng s nhm chc. Cho 9,3 gam
ancol X tc dng vi Na d thu c 3,36 lt kh. Cng thc cu to ca X l
A. CH3OH.
B. CH2OHCHOHCH2OH.
C. CH2OHCH2OH.
D. C2H5OH.
2. Mt bnh kn c th tch V bng 11,2 lt cha 0,5 mol H2 v 0,5 mol Cl2. Chiu
nh sng khuch tn cho 2 kh phn ng vi nhau, sau mt thi gian a bnh
v 0oC. Tnh p sut trong bnh, bit rng c 30% H2 phn ng.
A. 1 atm.
B. 0,7 atm.
C. 2 atm.
D. 1,4 atm.
B. NaOH.
C. AgNO3.
D. Ba(OH)2.
B. C3H7NH2.
C. CH3NH2.
D. C4H9NH2.
B. 33,33%.
C. 16,66%.
D. 93,34%.
7. C bao nhiu ng phn c cng cng thc phn t C5H12O khi oxi ha bng
CuO (to) to sn phm c phn ng trng gng?
A. 5.
B. 4.
C. 3.
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D. 2.
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B. 10.
C. 11.
D. 12.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 4.
10. Chia 20 gam hn hp X gm Al, Fe, Cu thnh hai phn bng nhau. Phn 1 tc
dng ht vi dung dch HCl thu c 5,6 lt kh (ktc). Phn 2 cho vo dung
dch NaOH d, thu c 3,36 lt kh (ktc). Phn trm khi lng Cu c trong
hn hp X l
A. 17%.
B. 16%.
C. 71%.
D. 32%.
11. t chy hon ton mt ete n chc thu c H2O v CO2 theo t l s mol
4 : 3. Ete ny c th c iu ch t ancol no di y bng mt phng
trnh ha hc?
A. CH3OH v CH3CH2CH2OH.
B. CH3OH v CH3CH(CH3)OH.
C. CH3OH v CH3CH2OH.
D. C2H5OH v CH3CH2CH2OH.
B. C3H8.
C. C2H2.
D. C2H4.
13. Ha tan hon ton 2,81 gam hn hp A gm Fe2O3, MgO, ZnO bng 300 ml
dung dch H2SO4 0,1M (va ). C cn cn thn dung dch thu c sau phn
ng th thu c lng mui sunfat khan l
A. 5,51 gam.
B. 5,15 gam.
C. 5,21 gam.
D. 5,69 gam.
B. 7.
C. 6.
D. 5.
B. anken.
C. ankan.
D. ankaien.
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B. Na2CO3 v P2O5.
C. H2SO4 v KOH.
D. NaHCO3 v P2O5.
+O2,
to
+Fe
+D, Br2
+B
X+D
Y+Z
+Y hoc Z
A+G
B. 4.
C. 3.
D. 6.
19. phn bit ancol etylic nguyn cht v ancol etylic c ln nc, ngi ta
thng dng thuc th l cht no sau y?
A. CuSO4 khan. B. Na kim loi. C. benzen.
D. CuO.
20. CO2 khng chy v khng duy tr s chy ca nhiu cht nn c dng
dp tt cc m chy. Tuy nhin, CO2 khng dng dp tt m chy no
di y?
A. m chy do xng, du.
B. m chy nh ca, qun o.
C. m chy do magie hoc nhm.
D. m chy do kh ga.
21. Anken thch hp iu ch 3-etylpentanol-3 bng phn ng hirat ha l
A. 3-etylpenten-2.
B. 3-etylpenten-1.
C. 3-etylpenten-3.
D. 3,3-imetylpenten-2.
B. 1,57 gam.
C. 1,0 gam.
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2,57 gam.
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B. b, d.
C. b, c.
D. a, b, d.
B. C2H5OH.
C. C3H7OH.
D. C4H9OH.
B. P.
C. N.
D. Cl.
26. Chiu tng dn tnh axit (t tri qua phi) ca 3 axit: C6H5OH (X), CH3COOH
(Y), H2CO3 (Z) l
A. X, Y, Z.
B. X, Z, Y.
C. Z, X, Y.
D. Z, Y, X.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 1.
28. Cho 24,4 gam hn hp Na2CO3, K2CO3 tc dng va vi dung dch BaCl2.
Sau phn ng thu c 39,4 gam kt ta. Lc tch kt ta, c cn dung dch
th thu c bao nhiu gam mui clorua khan?
A. 2,66 gam.
B. 22,6 gam.
C. 26,6 gam.
D. 6,26 gam.
29. A l hp cht hu c c mch cacbon khng phn nhnh c cng thc phn t
C6H10O4, cho tc dng hon ton vi dung dch NaOH to ra hai ancol n
chc c s nguyn t cacbon gp i nhau. Cng thc cu to ca A l
266
A. CH3COOCH2CH2COOCH3.
B. CH3CH2OOCCH2OOCCH3.
C. CH3COOCH2CH2OOCCH3.
D. CH3CH2OOCCH2COOCH3.
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B. CH3-CH2-CHO.
C. OHC-CHO.
D. CH2=CH-CH2-CHO.
B. s n mn ha hc.
C. s kh kim loi.
D. s n mn in ha.
B. 11,2 gam.
C. 20,8 gam.
D. 16,8 gam.
35. un nng 0,1 mol X vi lng va dung dch NaOH thu c 13,4 gam
mui ca axit hu c a chc B v 9,2 gam ancol n chc C. Cho ton b
ancol C bay hi 127oC v 600 mmHg s chim th tch 8,32 lt.
Cng thc phn t ca cht X l
A. CH(COOCH3)3.
B. H3C-OOC-CH2-CH2-COO-CH3.
B. C2H5-OOC-COO-C2H5.
D. H5C3-OOC-COO-C3H5.
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S CTCT hp l c th c ca A l
A. 1.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
38. Cho 100 ml dung dch aminoaxit A 0,2M tc dng va vi 80 ml dung dch
NaOH 0,25M. Mt khc 100 ml dung dch aminoaxit trn tc dng va vi
80 ml dung dch HCl 0,5M. Bit A c t khi hi so vi H2 bng 52. Cng
thc phn t ca A l
A. (H2N)2C2H3COOH.
B. H2NC2H3(COOH)2.
C. (H2N)2C2H2(COOH)2.
D. H2NC3H5(COOH)2.
B. 106,02.1023.
C. 156,02.1023.
D. Khng xc nh c.
40. Thy phn m gam tinh bt, sn phm thu c em ln men sn xut
ancoletylic, ton b kh CO2 sinh ra cho qua dung dch Ca(OH)2 d, thu c
750 gam kt ta. Nu hiu sut mi qu trnh l 80% th gi tr m l
A. 949,2 gam.
B. 945,0 gam.
C. 950,5 gam.
D. 1000 gam.
268
A. Tng ln 4 ln.
C. Tng ln 16 ln.
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42. 17,7 gam mt ankyl amin cho tc dng vi dung dch FeCl3 d thu c 10,7
gam kt ta. Cng thc ca ankyl amin l
A. CH5N.
B. C4H9NH2.
C. C3H9N.
D. C2H5NH2.
43. Dung dch AlCl3 trong nc b thy phn nu thm vo dung dch cc cht sau
y, cht no lm tng cng qu trnh thy phn ca AlCl3?
A. NH4Cl.
B. Na2CO3.
C. ZnSO4.
D. Khng c cht no c.
B. 3,355 gam.
C. 2,21 gam.
D. 5,76 gam.
C. 3,225 gam.
D. 4,15 gam.
B. 4,37 gam.
46. T l s phn t HNO3 ng vai tr l cht oxi ha v mi trng trong phn ng:
FeO + HNO3 Fe(NO3)3 + NO + H2O
l bao nhiu?
A. 1 : 3.
B. 1 : 10.
C. 1 : 9.
D. 1 : 2.
B. ru no.
C. ru khng no.
D. khng xc nh c.
48. thu c 6,72 lt O2 (ktc) cn phi nhit phn hon ton bao nhiu gam
tinh th KClO3.5H2O (khi c MnO2 xc tc)?
A. 21,25 gam.
B. 42,50 gam.
C. 63,75 gam.
D. 85,0 gam.
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B. p = 1 atm, M = 29 g/mol.
50. Sc t t 2,24 lt SO2 (ktct) vo 100 ml dung dch NaOH 3M. Cc cht c
trong dung dch sau phn ng l
270
B. NaHSO3, H2O.
C. Na2SO3, H2O.
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S 23
1. Ion HS- c tnh cht
A. axit.
B. trung tnh.
C. lng tnh.
D. baz.
C. lng tnh.
D. baz.
B. trung tnh.
3. Mui axit l
A. mui c kh nng phn ng vi baz.
B. mui vn cn hiro trong phn t.
C. mui to bi baz yu v axit mnh.
D. mui vn cn hiro c kh nng thay th bi kim loi.
4. Ha tan hon ton 10 gam hn hp hai mui XCO3 v Y2(CO3)3 bng dung
dch HCl ta thu c dung dch A v 0,672 lt kh bay ra ktc. C cn dung
dch A th thu c m gam mui khan. Gi tr ca m l
A. 1,033 gam.
B. 10,33 gam.
C. 9,265 gam.
D. 92,65 gam.
B. MgO.
C. Mg(OH)2.
D. C (cacbon).
B. CrCl3.
C. NiCl3.
D. FeCl3.
a + 2b
.
p
B.
a+b
.
p
C.
2a + b
.
p
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D.
a+b
.
2p
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9. in phn nng chy hon ton 1,9 gam mui clorua ca mt kim loi ha tr
(II) thu c 0,48 kim loi catot. Kim loi cho l
A. Zn.
B. Mg.
C. Ca.
D. Ba.
B. 0,108 gam.
C. 0,54 gam.
D. 1,08 gam.
C. sai.
D. c th th ng.
D. c A, B, C.
B. mc oxi ha -1.
C. ha tr (II).
D. ha tr (I).
B. 22.
C. 12.
D. 10.
15. Trn 50 ml dung dch HCl 0,104M so vi 50 ml dung dch Ag2SO4 0,125M s
thu c lng kt ta l
A. 0,7624 gam. B. 0,7426 gam. C. 0,7175.
D. 0,7462.
16. Trn 50 ml dung dch BaCl2 2,08% (d = 1,15 g/ml) vi 75 ml dung dch
Ag2SO4 0,05M s thu c lng kt ta l
A. 2,29 gam.
D. 1,95 gam.
B. 72 ml.
C. 50 ml.
D. 25 ml.
18. Cho 4,9 gam hn hp A gm K2SO4, Na2SO4 vo 100 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2
0,5M c 6,99 gam kt ta trng. Phn trm khi lng K2SO4 trong A l
A. 71,0204%.
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B. 69,0124%.
C. 35,5102%.
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D. 28,9796%.
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19. Ha tan a gam M2(CO3)n bng lng va dung dch H2SO4 10% c dung
dch mui 15,09%. Cng thc mui l
A. FeCO3.
B. MgCO3.
C. CuCO3.
D. CaCO3.
20. Sc ht 1,568 lt kh CO2 (ktc) vo 500 ml dung dch NaOH 0,16M. Sau th
nghim c dung dch A. Rt 250 ml dung dch B gm BaCl2 0,16M v
Ba(OH)2 xM vo dung dch A c 3,94 gam kt ta v dung dch C. Nng
xM ca Ba(OH)2 bng
A. 0,02M.
B. 0,025M.
C. 0,03M.
D. 0,015M.
D. c A, B, C.
C. cht in phn.
B. CH3COOH v C2H5COOH.
C. C2H5COOH v C3H7COOH.
D. C2H5COOH v C4H9COOH.
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26. t chy ht m gam mt axit no, n chc, mch h c (m + 2,8) gam CO2
v (m - 2,4) gam nc. Axit ny l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
27. t chy 7,3 gam mt axit no, mch h c 0,3 mol CO2 v 0,25 mol H2O
cho cng thc phn t
A. CH3COOH.
B. COOH-COOH.
C. C2H5-COOH.
D. C4H8(COOH)2.
B. HOOC-COOH.
C. CH2(COOH)2.
D. C3H7COOH.
29. t chy 14,4 gam cht hu c A c 28,6 gam CO2; 4,5 gam H2O v 5,3
gam Na2CO3. Bit phn t A cha 2 nguyn t oxi. A c cng thc phn t
A. C3H5O2Na.
B. C4H7O2Na.
C. C4H5O2Na.
D. C7H5O2Na.
B. 9 triglixerit.
C. 12 triglixerit. D. 18 triglixerit.
31. Hp cht hu c X cha mt loi nhm chc, c cng thc phn t C6H10O4.
Khi thy phn X trong NaOH thu c mt mui v hai ru c s cacbon
gp i nhau. X c cu to
A. HOOCCH2CH2CH2CH2COOH.
B. CH3OOCCH2COOC2H5.
C. HOOCCH2CH2CH2COOCH3.
D. C2H5COOCH2CH2COOH.
32. Thy phn hon ton 4,4 gam este n chc E bng 22,75 ml dung dch NaOH
10% (d = 1,1 g/ml). Bit lng NaOH ny d 25% so vi l thuyt. E l
A. este cha no. B. C4H8O2.
C. C5H8O2.
D. C4H6O2.
274
A. H2N-CH2-COOH.
B. CH3-CH(NH2)-COOH.
C. CH3-CH(NH2)-CH2-COOH.
D. C3H7-CH(NH2)-COOH.
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B. CH3CH(NH2)-CH2-COOH.
C. C3H7-CH(NH2)-COOH.
D. C6H5-CH(NH2)-COOH.
B. C2H4(OH)2.
C. C2H5OH.
D. C3H7OH.
39. Benzen khng phn ng vi Br2 trong dung dch nhng phenol li lm mt
mu dung dch brom nhanh chng v
A. phenol c tnh axit.
B. tnh axit ca phenol yu hn c axit cacbonic.
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B. (CH3)2NH.
C. C6H5NH2.
D. (CH3)3N.
B. 50 ml.
C. 200 ml.
D. 320 ml.
45. t chy hon ton 6,2 gam mt amin no, n chc phi dng ht 10,08 lt kh
oxi (ktc). Cng thc ca amin l
A. C2H5NH2.
276
B. CH3NH2.
C. C4H9NH2.
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D. C3H7NH2.
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B. HCHO.
C. CHO-CHO.
D. CH2=CH-CHO.
48. Cng thc n gin nht ca anehit A cha no, mch h cha mt lin kt ba
trong phn t l C2HO. A c cng thc phn t l
A. C2HO.
B. C6H3O3.
C. C8H4O4.
D. C4H2O2.
B. CH3COOH.
C. HOOC-COOH.
D. COOH-CH2-COOH.
50. Trung ha hon ton 1,8 gam mt axit hu c n chc bng dung dch NaOH
va ri c cn dung dch sau phn ng c 2,46 gam mui khan. Axit ni
trn l
A. HCOOH.
B. CH3COOH.
C. CH2=CH-COOH.
D. C2H5COOH.
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S 24
1. Kt lun no biu th ng v kch thc ca nguyn t v ion?
A. Na < Na+, F > F-.
2. Cho 0,54 gam Al vo 40 ml dung dch NaOH 1M, sau phn ng hon ton thu
c dung dch X. Cho t t dung dch HCl 0,5M vo dung dch X thu c
kt ta. thu c lng kt ta ln nht cn th tch dung dch HCl 0,5M l
A. 110 ml.
B. 90 ml.
C. 70 ml.
D. 80 ml.
4. Kim loi nhm b oxi ho trong dung dch kim (dung dch NaOH). Trong qu
trnh cht oxi ho l
A. Al.
B. H2O.
C. NaOH.
D. H2O v NaOH.
B. 49,8 gam.
C. 25,4 gam.
D. 30,5 gam.
B. Cu, S.
D. S, BaCl2.
trong X l
A. NH3.
278
B. CO2.
C. SO2.
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D. NO2.
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9. Cho 8 gam canxi tan hon ton trong 200 ml dung dch hn hp HCl 2M v
H2SO4 0,75M thu c kh H2 v dung dch X. C cn dung dch X thu c
lng mui khan l
A. 22,2 gam.
B. 25,95 gam.
D. 22,2gam m 27,2gam.
10. Cho 1,04 gam hn hp 2 kim loi tan hon ton trong H2SO4 long d thy c
0,672 lt kh thot ra iu kin tiu chun. Khi lng hn hp mui sunfat
khan thu c l
A. 3,92 gam.
B. 1,68 gam.
C. 0,46 gam.
D. 2,08 gam.
B. dd NaOH, dd H2SO4.
C. dd Na2SO4, dd HCl.
D. dd AgNO3, dd NaOH.
12. phn bit 3 dung dch NaOH, HCl, H2SO4 ch cn dng mt thuc th l
A. Na2CO3.
B. Al.
C. BaCO3.
D. qu tm.
B. a = 2b.
C. b = 5a.
14. Cho 11,1 gam hn hp hai mui sunft trung ho ca 2 kim loi kim hai
chu k lin tip tan hon ton trong dung dch HCl d thu c 2,24 lt kh
SO2 (ktc). Hai kim loi l
A. Li, Na.
B. Na, K.
C. K, Cs.
D. Na, Cs.
15. Khi phn ng vi Fe2+ trong mi trng axit, l do no sau y khin MnO4mt mu?
A. MnO4- to phc vi Fe2+.
B. MnO4- b kh cho ti Mn2+ khng mu.
C. MnO4- b oxi ho.
D. MnO4- khng mu trong dung dch axit.
16. Cho mt gam bt st tip xc vi oxi mt thi gian thu c 1,24 gam hn
hp Fe2O3 v Fe d. Lng Fe d l
A. 0,036 gam.
B. 0,44 gam.
C. 0,87 gam.
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D. 1,62 gam.
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17. kh hon ton 6,4 gam mt oxt kim loi cn 0,12 mol kh H2. Mt khc
ly lng kim loi to thnh cho tan hon ton trong dung dch H2SO4 long
th thu c 0,08 mol H2. Cng thc oxit kim loi l
A. CuO.
B. Al2O3.
C. Fe3O4.
D. Fe2O3.
18. t chy hon ton 8,8 gam FeS v 12 gam FeS2 thu c kh. Cho kh ny
sc vo V ml dung dch NaOH 25% (d=1,28 g/ml) c mui trung ha. Gi
tr ti thiu ca V l
A. 50 ml.
B. 75 ml.
C. 100 ml.
D. 120 ml.
19. Dung dch X cha NaOH 0,2M v Ca(OH)2 0,1M. Sc 7,84 lt kh CO2 (ktc)
vo 1 lt dung dch X th khi lng kt ta thu c l
A. 15 gam.
B. 5 gam.
C. 10 gam.
D. 0 gam.
(I)
(II)
Trong phn ng t xy ra l
A. (I).
B. (II).
C. (I), (II).
D. khng c.
21. Cho a mol Cu kim loi tan hon ton trong 120 ml dung dch X gm HNO3
1M v H2SO4 0,5M (long) thu c V lt kh NO duy nht (ktc). Tnh V?
A. 14,933a lt.
B. 12,32a lt.
C. 18,02a lt.
D. kt qu khc.
B. 46,4 gam.
C. 15,8 gam.
D. 77,7 gam.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 8.
24. Hai anken c cng thc phn t C3H6 v C4H8 khi phn ng vi HBr thu c
3 sn phm, vy 2 anken l
A. xiclopropan v but-1-en.
B. propen v but-1-en.
C. propen v but-2-en.
B. ROH.
C. CnH2n+1CH2OH.
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D. CnH2n+2O.
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B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
B. C3H6O.
C. C4H10O.
D. C5H12O.
28. Cng thc n gin nht ca anehit no, mch h X l C2H3O. X c cng thc
phn t l
A. C2H3O.
B. C4H6O2.
C. C8H12O4.
D. C12H18O6.
Tn gi ca Y l
A. propanol.
B. propenol.
C. axeton.
D. axit propionic.
B. HCOOCH2CH=CH2.
C. HCOOCH=CHCH3.
D. HCOOC(CH3)=CH2.
B. C3H6O2.
C. C2H2O3.
D. C6H6.
X
X1
X2.
o
Tn ca X2 l
A. axit oleic.
D. axit linoleic.
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+ NaOH (long)
H2O
to
Y + NaBr
Br
Cng thc cu to ca Y l:
CH2CH2OH
CH2CH2Br
A.
B.
Br
CH2CH2OH
OH
CH2CH2OH
D.
C.
ONa
OH
B. C4H7N2O4.
C. C5H7NO4.
D. C7H10O4N2.
B. 1, 2, 3, 5.
C. 1, 2, 3, 4.
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D. 2, 3, 5.
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38. Khi clo ho PVC thu c mt loi t clorin cha 66,6% clo theo khi lng.
S mt xch trung bnh ca PVC tc dng vi mt phn t clo l
A. 1, 5.
B. 3.
C. 2.
D. 2,5.
t
C. Propanol-2 + ng (II) oxit
Axeton + ng + nc.
o
B. C3H6O, C3H4O2.
C. C5H10O, C5H8O2.
D. C4H6O2, C4H4O3.
B. nc brom.
C. dd NaOH.
D. Ca(OH)2.
42. t chy hon ton m gam hn hp X gm hai anehit no, n chc, mch h
c 0,4 mol CO2. Mt khc hiro ho hon ton cng lng hn hp X trn
cn 0,2 mol H2 thu c hn hp hai ru. t chy hon ton lng hn hp
hai ru trn th s mol H2O thu c l
A. 0,4 mol.
B. 0,6 mol.
C. 0,8 mol.
D. 0,3 mol.
B. 0,09 mol.
C. 0,03 mol.
D. 0,045 mol.
B. 3,24 gam.
C. 2,16 gam.
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D. 1,62 gam.
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X3, X4 ln lt l
A. OHC-CH2OH, NaOOC-CH2OH.
B. OHC-CHO, CuC2O4.
C. OHC-CHO, NaOOC-COONa.
D. HOCH2-CH2OH, OHC-CHO.
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S 25
1. Mt nguyn t X c tng s ht proton, ntron v electron l 155 ht trong
s ht mang in nhiu hn s ht khng mang in l 33. Nguyn t c s
proton, ntron tng ng l
A. 47 v 61.
B. 35 v 45.
C. 26 v 30.
D. 20 v 20.
B. 24.
C. 29.
D. A, B, C u ng.
B. 0,22 mol.
C. 0,45 mol.
D. 0,12 mol.
4. Trong cc oxit FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 nhng cht c kh nng tc dng vi H2SO4
c nng c kh SO2 bay ra l
A. ch c FeO v Fe3O4.
B. ch c Fe3O4.
C. ch c FeO.
D. ch c FeO v Fe2O3.
B. 25 ml.
C. 20 ml.
D. 15 ml.
6. Dung dch A cha cc ion SO42-; 0,2 mol Ca2+; 0,1 mol NH4+ v 0,2 mol
NO3-. Tng khi lng cc mui khan c trong dung dch A l
A. 36,2 gam.
B. 36,6 gam.
C. 36,3 gam.
D. 36,4 gam.
B. 500 gam.
C. 250 gam.
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D. 400 gam.
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9. Mt thanh Zn ang tc dng vi dung dch HCl, nu cho thm vi git dung
dch CuSO4 vo th
A. lng bt kh H2 bay ra vi tc khng i.
B. lng bt kh H2 bay ra chm hn.
C. bt kh H2 ngng bay ra.
D. lng bt kh H2 bay ra nhanh hn.
10. Tnh oxi ha ca cc ion kim loi: Fe3+, Fe2+, Mg2+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ag+ bin i
theo quy lut no sau y?
A. Fe3+ > Fe2+ > Mg2+ > Zn2+ > Cu2+ > Ag+.
B. Ag+ > Fe3+ > Cu2+ > Fe2+ > Zn2+ > Mg2+.
C. Mg2+ > Zn2+ > Cu2+ > Ag+ > Fe3+ > Fe2+.
D. Fe3+ > Ag+ > Cu2+ > Fe2+ > Zn2 > Mg2+.
11. Cho a gam Na ha tan ht vo 86,8 gam dung dch c cha 13,35 gam AlCl3,
sau phn ng hon ton thu c m gam dung dch X v 3,36 lt kh H2 (
0oC, 2atm). Hy chn cu tr li ng trong cc cu sau:
A. m = 100,6 gam v dung dch X c 3 cht tan.
B. m = 100,6 gam v dung dch X c 2 cht tan.
C. m = 100 gam v dung dch X c 3 cht tan.
D. m = 100 gam v dung dch X c 2 cht tan.
12. Nc t nhin thng c ln lng nh cc mui Ca(NO3)2, Mg(NO3)2,
Ca(HCO3)2, Mg(HCO3)2. C th dng mt ha cht no sau y loi ht
cc cation trong mu nc trn?
A. NaOH.
B. K2SO4.
C. NaHCO3.
D. Na2CO3.
B. 2.
C. 3.
D. 4.
14. Nung 8,4 gam Fe trong khng kh sau phn ng thu c m gam cht rn X
gm Fe, Fe2O3, Fe3O4, FeO. Ha tan ht m gam X vo dung dch HNO3 d thu
c 2,24 lt kh NO2 ( ktc) l sn phm kh duy nht. Gi tr ca m l
A. 11,2 gam.
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B. 10,2 gam.
C. 7,2 gam.
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D. 6,9 gam.
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B. qung mahetit.
C. t st.
D. qung boxit.
16. Cho 200 ml dung dch AlCl3 0,5M tc dng vi 500 ml dung dch NaOH 1M
c dung dch X. Trong dung dch X cha cc cht tan
A. NaAlO2, NaCl, NaOH.
B. NaAlO2, AlCl3.
C. NaAlO2, NaCl.
D. AlCl3, AlCl3.
17. Ha tan ht 5,6 gam Fe bng mt lng va dung dch HNO3 c nng thu
c V lt NO2 l sn phm kh duy nht (ti ktc). V nhn gi tr nh nht l
A. 1,12 lt.
B. 2,24 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 6,72 lt.
B. dd FeSO4 + dd Ba(NO3)2.
C. Ag + dd Fe(NO3)3.
D. A hoc B u ng.
19. Dung dch A cha 0,01 mol Fe(NO3)3 v 0,13 mol HCl c kh nng ha tan ti
a bao nhiu gam Cu kim loi? (bit NO l sn phm kh duy nht)
A. 2,88 gam.
B. 3,92 gam.
C. 3,2 gam.
D. 5,12 gam.
B. 2-metylpentan.
C. n-hexan.
D. 3-metylpentan.
B. 3.
C. 4.
D. 5.
B. C2H4 v C3H6.
C. C4H8 v C5H10.
D. C5H10 v C6H12.
B. 3.
C. 4.
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D. 5.
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24. Cho hirocacbon X c cng thc phn t C7H8. Cho 4,6 gam X tc dng vi
lng d AgNO3 trong dung dch NH3 thu c 15,3 gam kt ta. X c ti a
bao nhiu cng thc cu to?
A. 3.
B. 4.
C. 5.
D. 6.
B. C2H5OH.
C. C3H5OH.
D. C4H9OH.
B. C3H5(OH)3 v C4H7(OH)3.
C. C2H4(OH)2 v C3H6(OH)2.
D. C3H6(OH)2 v C4H8(OH)2.
B. pentanol-2.
C. 2,2-imetylpropanol-1.
D. 2-metylbutanol-2.
B. HCOOH.
C. HCOONH4.
D. A, B, C u ng.
30. Cho 2,32 gam mt anehit tham gia phn ng trng gng hon ton vi dung
dch AgNO3 (trong NH3) d thu c 17,28 gam Ag. Vy th tch kh H2 (
ktct) ti a cn dng phn ng ht vi 2,9 gam X l
A. 1,12 lt.
288
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 2,24 lt.
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D. 6,72 lt.
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B. 5.
C. 6.
D. 7.
32. Cng thc phn t C9H8O2 c bao nhiu ng phn axit l dn xut ca
benzen, lm mt mu dung dch nc brom (k c ng phn hnh hc)?
A. 5.
B. 6.
C. 7.
D. 8.
33. t chy hon ton m gam mt axit no, mch h, hai ln axit X thu c 6,72
lt CO2 ( ktc) v 4,5 gam H2O. Cng thc ca X l
A. C2H4(COOH)2.
B. C4H8(COOH)2.
C. C3H6(COOH)2.
D. C5H10(COOH)2.
B. 0,05 mol.
C. 0,06 mol.
D. 0,075 mol.
B. HCOOCH2CH=CH2.
C. CH3COOCH=CH2.
D. c A, B, C u ng.
36. Du thc vt l
A. hn hp cc hirocacbon trng thi rn.
B. hn hp cc hirocacbon trng thi lng.
C. este 3 ln este ca ru glixerin vi axit bo ch yu l axit bo khng no.
D. este 3 ln este ca ru glixerin vi axit bo ch yu l axit bo no.
37. X phng ha 10 gam este X cng thc phn t l C5H8O2 bng 75 ml dung
dch NaOH 2M. C cn dung dch sau phn ng c 11,4 gam cht rn khan.
Tn gi ca X l
A. etylacrylat.
B. vinylpropyonat.
C. metylmetacrylat.
D. alylaxetat.
B. 2.
C. 3.
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D. 4.
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B. H2N-C2H4-COOH.
C. (H2N)2CH-COOH.
D. H2N-C2H3(COOH)2.
41. Cho cc cht lng: axit axetic, axit acrylic, etylaxetat, vinylpropionat, alylfomiat
ng trong cc l khc nhau. Dng cc ha cht no sau y nhn bit c
tt c cc cht trn?
A. dd AgNO3/NH3; dd Br2.
B. dd AgNO3/NH3; qu tm, dd Br2.
C. dd AgNO3/NH3; qu tm; Cu(OH)2.
D. qu tm; Cu(OH)2.
42. Ln men 22,5 gam glucoz lm ru etylic, hiu qu qu trnh ln men l 80%.
Khi lng ru thu c l
A. 4,6 gam.
B. 9,2 gam.
C. 2,3 gam.
D. 6,9 gam.
B. 4450 m3.
C. 4480 m3.
D. 6875 m3.
B. Sn.
C. Pb.
D. Cu.
45. Hp cht hu c X c cng thc phn t l C4H7O2Cl khi thy phn trong mi
trng kim c cc sn phm, trong c 2 hp cht c kh nng tham gia
phn ng trng gng. Cng thc cu to ng ca X l
290
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A. HCOO-CH2-CHCl-CH3.
B. C2H5COO-CH2Cl.
C. CH3COO-CHCl-CH3.
D. HCOO-CHCl-CH2CH3.
46. Cho 1 mol KOH vo dung dch cha m gam HNO3 v 0,2 mol Al(NO3)3.
thu c 7,8 gam kt ta th gi tr ca m l
A. 18,9 gam.
B. 44,1 gam.
C. 19,8 gam.
D. A hoc B u ng.
47. Cho 12,8 gam dung dch ru glixerin trong nc c nng 71,875% tc
dng ht vi mt lng d Na thu c V lt kh H2 ( ktc). Gi tr ca V l
A. 5,6 lt.
B. 3,36 lt.
C. 4,48 lt.
D. 11,2 lt.
48. Dy cc cht no sau y u c kh nng tham gia phn ng trng gng (to
kt ta Ag)?
A. axetilen, anehit axetic, metylfomiat.
B. metanal, etanal, axit axetic.
C. metanal, etanal, axit foocmic, metylfomiat.
D. axetilen, axit axetic, axit foocmic.
49. kh hon ton 13,2 gam hn hp gm Fe, FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 th cn va
4,48 lt CO ( ktc). Khi lng ca Fe thu c l
A. 8,4 gam.
B. 10 gam.
C. 11,2 gam.
D. 11,6 gam.
50. C 5 cht lng ng trong 5 l mt nhn: 1. benzen, 2. axit axetic, 3. axit acrylic,
4. ru etylic, glixerin. Nu ch dng cc ha cht sau y: qu tm, nc brom,
Cu(OH)2 iu kin thng th c th nhn bit c nhng cht no?
A. Tt c.
B. 3, 4, 5.
C. 1, 3, 4.
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D. 2, 3 5.
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Phn th ba
P N
25 THI TH TUYN SINH I HC, CAO NG
P N 01:
1. B
6. C
11. D
16. A
21. D
26. D
31. B
36. C
41. A
46. A
2. C
7. A
12. B
17. D
22. B
27. D
32. A
37. A
42. D
47. C
3. A
8. D
13. D
18. D
23. B
28. C
33. C
38. A
43. C
48. B
4. A
9. C
14. C
19. B
24. A
29. A
34. A
39. A
44. B
49. B
5. B
10. D
15. B
20. C
25. B
30. C
35. D
40. D
45. D
50. C
P N 02:
1. A
6. C
11. C
16. B
21. D
26. A
31. D
36. B
41. D
46. D
2. D
7. D
12. A
17. B
22. A
27. A
32. A
37. C
42. B
47. B
3. B
8. A
13. D
18. B
23. C
28. B
33. D
38. D
43. C
48. B
4. A
9. A
14. C
19. A
24. B
29. C
34. B
39. A
44. B
49. B
5. D
10. A
15. D
20. D
25. B
30. B
35. D
40. B
45. B
50. B
P N 03:
1. A
6. A
11. D
16. A
21. A
26. C
31. C
36. C
41. B
46. C
2. D
7. A
12. B
17. A
22. D
27. A
32. C
37. C
42. B
47. A
3. D
8. D
13. A
18. B
23. B
28. C
33. C
38. D
43. D
48. C
4. A
9. A
14. D
19. B
24. D
29. A
34. B
39. B
44. C
49. C
5. D
10. B
15. D
20. C
25.
C, C
30. D
35. C
40. A
45. D
50. D
292
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www.MATHVN.com
P N 04:
1. B
6. C
11. D
16. A
21. D
26. B
31. C
36. C
41. D
46. C
2. B
7. C
12. C
17. A
22. D
27. D
32. D
37. A
42. C
47. B
3. C
8. A
13. C
18. C
23. D
28. A
33. B
38. D
43. D
48. A
4. D
9. D
14. C
19. C
24. C
29. B
34. D
39. A
44. B
49. B
5. A
10. B
15. A
20. A
25. D
30. C
35. A
40. B
45. A
50. B
P N 05:
1. D
6. D
11. D
16. A
21. D
26. A
31. C
36. C
41. D
46. B
2. B
7. B
12. B
17. D
22. D
27. B
32. A
37. D
42. C
47. B
3. C
8. B
13. A
18. B
23. B
28. D
33. A
38. B
43. B
48. A
4. A
9. B
14. C
19. A
24. B
29. D
34. A
39. C
44. B
49. B
5. A
10. D
15. A
20. A
25. B
30. D
35. D
40. B
45. C
50. D
P N 06:
1. D
6. C
11. C
16. C
21. A
26. D
31. A
36. C
41. C
46. D
2. B
7. B
12. C
17. B
22. A
27. A
32. A
37. D
42. B
47. D
3. A
8. B
13. D
18. A
23. B
28. D
33. A
38. C
43. B
48. B
4. D
9. D
14. A
19. A
24. D
29. C
34. B
39. C
44. B
49. A
5. D
10. D
15. C
20. D
25. C
30. A
35. D
40. A
45. A
50. C
P N 07:
1. B
6. A
11. B
16. A
21. C
26. D
31. A
36. C
41. C
46. D
2. B
7. C
12. A
17. B
22. D
27. B
32. C
37. D
42. C
47. D
3. B
8. C
13. C
18. D
23. B
28. C
33. A
38. C
43. D
48. D
4. A
9. A
14. B
19. A
24. D
29. B
34. A
39. B
44. D
49. D
5. C
10. B
15. A
20. A
25. C
30. C
35. B
40. B
45. D
50. C
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P N 08:
1. B
6. A
11. C
16. C
21. C
26. D
31. B
36. C
41. D
46. B
2. B
7. B
12. B
17. C
22. B
27. C
32. A
37. D
42. B
47. A
3. C
8. B
13. C
18. A
23. A
28. A
33. D
38. B
43. D
48. C
4. B
9. D
14. D
19. B
24. D
29. D
34. D
39. B
44. C
49. D
5. C
10. C
15. A
20. A
25. B
30. A
35. D
40. C
45. B
50. A
P N 09:
1. A
6. C
11. D
16. B
21. D
26. A
31. D
36. B
41. C
46. C
2. A
7. D
12. C
17. B
22. A
27. C
32. B
37. D
42. B
47. D
3. C
8. A
13. C
18. C
23. A
28. D
33. B
38. C
43. C
48. A
4. B
9. D
14. C
19. A
24. C
29. D
34. C
39. D
44. D
49. D
5. D
10. A
15. C
20. B
25. C
30. D
35. A
40. D
45. B
50. B
P N 10:
1. A
6. D
11. C
16. C
21. C
26. C
31. D
36. A
41. C
46. A
2. B
7. D
12. A
17. B
22. D
27. D
32. C
37. C
42. D
47. D
3. C
8. B
13. B
18. A
23. D
28. D
33. C
38. A
43. B
48. B
4. A
9. B
14. C
19. C
24. B
29. C
34. B
39. B
44. C
49. B
5. D
10. D
15. B
20. D
25. A
30. D
35. C
40. A
45. B
50. A
P N 11:
1. D
6. C
11. B
16. D
21. D
26. B
31. D
36. B
41. B
46. B
2. A
7. D
12. A
17. D
22. B
27. C
32. A
37. B
42. C
47. A
3. A
8. B
13. A
18. A
23. D
28. D
33. A
38. B
43. B
48. A
4. B
9. C
14. D
19. D
24. A
29. B
34. A
39. C
44. D
49. D
5. C
10. A
15. C
20. D
25. C
30. A
35. C
40. A
45. D
50. B
294
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P N 12:
1. A
6. B
11. D
16. A
21. A
26. A
31. B
36. A
41. B
46. B
2. B
7. A
12. B
17. B
22. B
27. A
32. C
37. C
42. A
47. C
3. C
8. D
13. C
18. C
23. C
28. C
33. B
38. A
43. A
48. D
4. D
9. D
14. C
19. C
24. A
29. A
34. B
39. D
44. C
49. C
5. B
10. A
15. C
20. D
25. B
30. C
35. B
40. C
45. A
50. D
P N 13:
1. C
6. B
11. D
16. B
21. D
26. C
31. B
36. D
41. B
46. B
2. C
7. B
12. C
17. B
22. A
27. C
32. A
37. B
42. D
47. D
3. D
8. C
13. A
18. A
23. D
28. B
33. C
38. B
43. D
48. D
4. B
9. C
14. B
19. D
24. C
29. D
34. B
39. B
44. B
49. C
5. A
10. B
15. C
20. C
25. B
30. C
35. D
40. D
45. B
50. C
P N 14:
1. C
6. B
11. B
16. B
21. D
26. B
31. B
36. D
41. B
46. B
2. A
7. B
12. C
17. B
22. C
27. C
32. A
37. B
42. D
47. D
3. D
8. C
13. D
18. A
23. D
28. B
33. C
38. B
43. D
48. D
4. D
9. C
14. D
19. D
24. D
29. D
34. B
39. B
44. B
49. B
5. A
10. C
15. B
20. C
25. B
30. C
35. B
40. D
45. B
50. C
P N 15:
1. B
6. D
11. B
16. C
21. A
26. C
31. B
36. A
41. A
46. A
2. A
7. B
12. B
17. B
22. C
27. A
32. B
37. B
42. B
47. C
3. C
8. B
13. C
18. B
23. B
28. C
33. C
38. C
43. C
48. B
4. A
9. A
14. D
19. C
24. A
29. D
34. B
39. D
44. A
49. A
5. C
10. A
15. C
20. B
25. B
30. C
35. D
40. B
45. A
50. D
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P N 16:
1. A
6. D
11. A
16. A
21. B
26. D
31. C
36. D
41. A
46. B
2. B
7. D
12. A
17. C
22. B
27. C
32. C
37. D
42. D
47. C
3. A
8. C
13. C
18. D
23. C
28. D
33. D
38. C
43. B
48. B
4. D
9. D
14. D
19. D
24. C
29. A
34. B
39. C
44. B
49. C
5. D
10. C
15. A
20. C
25. C
30. C
35. C
40. B
45. A
50. B
P N 17:
1. C
6. C
11. B
16. B
21. B
26. B
31. B
36. C
41. B
46. C
2. B
7. C
12. B
17. B
22. A
27. C
32. B
37. C
42. C
47. D
3. A
8. A
13. D
18. A
23. D
28. A
33. B
38. B
43. B
48. A
4. B
9. C
14. D
19. A
24. C
29. B
34. C
39. D
44. A
49. C
5. A
10. B
15. C
20. B
25. B
30. C
35. C
40. D
45. B
50. A
P N 18:
1. D
6. D
11. B
16. D
21. C
26. A
31. C
36. B
41. C
46. C
2. B
7. C
12. C
17. C
22. A
27. C
32. B
37. B
42. D
47. B
3. C
8. B
13. C
18. A
23. C
28. B
33. A
38. D
43. C
48. C
4. C
9. D
14. B
19. D
24. A
29. B
34. C
39. A
44. C
49. D
5. B
10. C
15. B
20. B
25. B
30. A
35. A
40. C
45. B
50. D
P N 19:
1. D
6. C
11. C
16. A
21. C
26. B
31. B
36. D
41. C
46. A
2. B
7. B
12. B
17. D
22. B
27. D
32. C
37. D
42. B
47. B
3. C
8. D
13. D
18. B
23. D
28. B
33. C
38. B
43. D
48. A
4. D
9. A
14. A
19. B
24. A
29. C
34. A
39. A
44. D
49. D
5. D
10. C
15. C
20. A
25. B
30. A
35. C
40. B
45. A
50. B
296
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P N 20:
1. A
6. A
11. A
16. B
21. C
26. D
31. A
36. B
41. C
46. A
2. D
7. C
12. C
17. D
22. B
27. A
32. B
37. C
42. B
47. D
3. A
8. A
13. D
18. C
23. C
28. D
33. A
38. C
43. B
48. C
4. A
9. D
14. C
19. D
24. A
29. A
34. C
39. C
44. C
49. B
5. A
10. A
15. A
20. A
25. C
30. C
35. C
40. B
45. A
50. D
P N 21:
1. C
6. A
11. A
16. D
21. B
26. C
31. B
36. B
41. D
46. A
2. C
7. B
12. C
17. B
22. C
27. A
32. C
37. B
42. C
47. A
3. D
8. A
13. C
18. C
23. D
28. C
33. B
38. C
43. B
48. C
4. D
9. B
14. B
19. D
24. C
29. D
34. A
39. B
44. C
49. B
5. A
10. D
15. D
20. A
25. B
30. B
35. A
40. C
45. B
50. B
P N 22:
1. C
6. A
11. C
16. A
21. A
26. B
31. A
36. D
41. D
46. C
2. C
7. B
12. C
17. D
22. A
27. C
32. A
37. C
42. C
47. C
3. D
8. D
13. C
18. A
23. B
28. C
33. C
38. A
43. B
48. B
4. D
9. A
14. A
19. A
24. A
29. D
34. B
39. B
44. D
49. A
5. A
10. A
15. C
20. C
25. D
30. B
35. B
40. A
45. A
50. A
P N 23:
1. C
6. D
11. B
16. D
21. B
26. B
31. B
36. C
41. B
46. A
2. A
7. D
12. D
17. A
22. B
27. D
32. B
37. B
42. C
47. C
3. D
8. B
13. B
18. A
23. B
28. B
33. B
38. B
43. D
48. D
4. B
9. B
14. B
19. C
24. B
29. D
34. D
39. C
44. B
49. C
5. D
10. D
15. D
20. A
25. C
30. A
35. D
40. D
45. B
50. B
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P N 24:
1. D
6. A
11. A
16. B
21. A
26. B
31. C
36. D
41. B
46. D
2. D
7. B
12. C
17. D
22. B
27. C
32. C
37. A
42. B
47. A
3. C
8. A
13. D
18. B
23. C
28. B
33. C
38. C
43. B
48. C
4. B
9. B
14. A
19. B
24. C
29. B
34. A
39. A
44. B
49. B
5. C
10. A
15. B
20. A
25. C
30. D
35. A
40. B
45. D
50. C
P N 25:
1. A
6. B
11. C
16. A
21. B
26. A
31. C
36. C
41. B
46. D
2. D
7. A
12. D
17. C
22. A
27. C
32. B
37. A
42. B
47. A
3. B
8. D
13. B
18. B
23. C
28. C
33. B
38. C
43. C
48. C
4. A
9. D
14. A
19. C
24. B
29. D
34. D
39. D
44. A
49. B
5. D
10. B
15. D
20. B
25. C
30. C
35. A
40. C
45. D
50. A
298
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