Hng dn giao tip cm bin DS18B20

I. M t: DS18B20 l mt sn phm ca cng ty MAXIM, y cng l cng ty ng gp nhiu vo vic cho ra i bus mt dy v cc cm bin mt dy. Hnh dng bn ngoi ca cm bin mt dy DS18B20 c m t trn hnh trong dng v TO-92 vi 3 chn l dng thng gp v c dng trong nhiu ng dng, cn dng v SOIC vi 8 chn c dng o nhit b mt, k c da ngi.

II. c trng: Cc c im k thut ca cm bin DS18B20 c th k ra mt cch tm tt nh sau: - S dng giao din mt dy nn ch cn c mt chn ra truyn thng. - phn gii khi o nhit t 9 bit ti 12bit. Di o nhit -55C n 125C, tng bc 0.5C, c th t chnh xc n 0.1C bng vic hiu chnh qua phn mm. - Rt thch hp vi cc ng dng o lng a im v nhiu u o c th c ni trn mt bus, bus ny c gi l bus mt dy (1-wire). - Khng cn thm linh kin bn ngoi. - in p ngun nui c th thay i trong khong rng, t 3.0 V n 5.5 V DC v c th c cp thng qua ng dn d liu. Liu Cheng Zhong Page 1 11/16/2011

Hng dn giao tip cm bin DS18B20 - Dng tiu th ti ch ngh cc nh. - Thi gian ly mu v bin i ra digital 12 bit khng ln qu 750ms. - Mi cm bin c mt m nh danh duy nht 64 bit cha trong b nh ROM trn chip (on chip), gi tr nh phn c khc bng tia laze. III. Tng quan: u o nhit s DS18B20 a ra s liu biu th nhit o c di dng m nh phn 12 bit. Cc thng tin c gi n v nhn v t DS18B20 trn giao din 1-wire, do ch cn hai ng dn gm mt ng cho tn hiu v mt ng lm dy GND l kt ni vi iu khin n im o. Ngun nui cho cc thao tc ghi/c/chuyn i c th c trch t ng tn hiu, khng cn c thm ng dy ring cp in p ngun. Mi vi mch o nhit DS18B20 c mt m s nh danh duy nht, c khc bng laser trong qu trnh ch to vi mch nn nhiu vi mch DS18B20 c th cng kt ni vo mt bus 1-wire m khng c s nhm ln. c im ny lm cho vic lp t nhiu cm bin nhit ti nhiu v tr khc nhau tr nn d dng v vi chi ph thp. S lng cc cm bin ni vo bus khng hn ch. nhit /gi tr chuyn i:

* Gi tr mc nh ca ln c u tin. Mi cm bin nhit DS18B20 c mt dy m 64 bit duy nht c lu tr trong b nh ROM t khi sn xut bng k thut laze. ngha ca 64 bit m c gii thch trn hnh:

Liu Cheng Zhong

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Hng dn giao tip cm bin DS18B20 Nh vy dy m c chia ra thnh 3 nhm, trong : Tm bit u tin l m nh danh h mt dy, m ca DS18B20 l 28h. 48 bit tip theo l m s xut xng duy nht, ngha l mi cm bin DS1820 ch c mt s m. Tm bit c ngha nht l byte m kim tra CRC (cyclic redundancy check), byte ny c tnh ton t 56 bit u tin ca dy m trn ROM truy cp ln cm bin mt dy DS18B20 ta phi s dng hai nhm lnh: cc lnh ROM v cc lnh chc nng (function commands) b nh, cc lnh ny c th c m t ngn gn nh sau: Lnh ROM - SEARCH ROM (F0h) Lnh ny cho php b iu khin bus c th d tm c s lng thnh vin t ang c u vo bus v cc gi tr c th trong 64 bit ROM ca chng bng mt chu trnh d tm. - READ ROM (33h) Cho php c ra 8 byte m khc bng laser trn ROM, bao gm: 8 bit m nh tn linh kin (28h), 48 bit s xut xng, 8 bit kim tra CRC. Lnh ny ch dng khi trn bus c 1 cm bin DS18B20, nu khng s xy ra xung t trn bus do tt c cc thit b slave cng p ng. Mc ch ca lnh l c thng tin m xut xng ca DS18B20 x l trn bus c nhiu hn 1 cm bin. - MATCH ROM (55h) Lnh ny c gi i cng vi 64 bit ROM tip theo, cho php b iu khin bus chn ra ch mt cm bin DS18B20 c th khi trn bus c nhiu cm bin DS18B20 cng ni vo. Ch c DS18B20 no c 64 bit trn ROM trung khp vi chui 64 bit va c gi ti mi p ng li cc lnh v b nh tip theo. Cn cc cm bin DS18B20 c 64 bit ROM khng trng khp s tip tc ch mt xung reset. Lnh ny c s dng c trong trng hp c mt cm bin mt dy, c trong trng hp c nhiu cm bin mt dy. - SKIP ROM (CCh) Lnh ny cho php thit b iu khin truy nhp thng n cc lnh b nh ca DS1820 m khng cn gi chui m 64 bit ROM. Nh vy s tit kim c thi gian ch i nhng ch mang hiu qu khi trn bus ch c mt cm bin. - ALARM SEARCH (ECh) Tin trnh ca lnh ny ging ht nh lnh Search ROM, nhng cm bin DS18B20 ch p ng lnh ny khi xut hin iu kin cnh bo trong php o nhit cui cng. iu kin cnh bo y c nh ngha l gi tr nhit o c ln hn gi tr TH v nh hn gi

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Hng dn giao tip cm bin DS18B20 tr TL l hai gi tr nhit cao nht v nhit thp nht c t trn thanh ghi trong b nh ca cm bin. Lnh chc nng b nh Sau khi thit b ch (thng l mt vi iu khin) s dng cc lnh ROM nh a ch cho cc cm bin mt dy ang c u vo bus, thit b ch s a ra cc lnh chc nng. Bng cc lnh chc nng thit b ch c th c ra v ghi vo b nh nhp (scratchpad) ca cm bin DS18B20. khi to qu trnh chuyn i gi tr nhit o c v xc nh ch cung cp in p ngun. Cc lnh chc nng c th c m t ngn gn nh sau: - CONVERT T (44h) Lnh ny khi ng mt qu trnh o v chuyn i gi tr nhit thnh gi tr s. Sau khi chuyn i gi tr kt qu o nhit c lu tr trn thanh ghi nhit 2 byte trong b nh nhp Thi gian chuyn i khng qu 200 ms, trong thi gian ang chuyn i nu thc hin lnh c th cc gi tr c ra u bng 0. - WRITE SCRATCHPAD (4Eh) Lnh ny cho php ghi 3 byte d liu vo b nh nhp ca DS18B20. Byte u tin c ghi vo thanh ghi TH (byte 2 ca b nh nhp), byte th hai c ghi vo thanh ghi TL (byte 3 ca b nh nhp) v bye th 3 s ghi vo thanh ghi cu hnh (byte 4). D liu truyn theo trnh t u tin l bit c ngha nht v k tip l nhng bit c ngha gim dn. C 3 byte ny phi c ghi trc khi thit b ch xut ra mt xung reset hoc khi c d liu khc xut hin. - READ SCRATCHPAD (BEh) Lnh ny cho php thit b ch c ni dung b nh nhp. Qu trnh c bt u t bit c ngha nht ca byte 0 v tip tc cho n byte th 9 (byte 8 - CRC). Thit b ch c th xut ra mt xung reset lm dng qu trnh c bt k lc no nu nh ch c mt phn ca d liu trn b nh nhp cn c c. - COPYSCRATCHPAD (48h) Lnh ny copy gi tr ca 2 thanh ghi TH ,TL v thanh ghi cu hnh (byte 2, byte 3 v byte 4) vo b nh EEPROM. - RECALL E 2 (B8h) Lnh ny s ly gi tr ca 2 thanh ghi TH ,TL v thanh ghi cu hnh t trong EEPROM ra b nh nhp. - READ POWER SUPPLY (B4h) Mt lnh c tip sau lnh ny s cho bit DS1820 ang s dng ch cp ngun nh th no, gi tr c c bng 0 nu cp ngun bng chnh ng dn d liu v bng 1 nu cp ngun qua mt ng dn ring. Liu Cheng Zhong Page 4 11/16/2011

Hng dn giao tip cm bin DS18B20

IV. Phng thc giao tip: Vic o nhit cua DS18B20 c thc hin theo tng ln ly mu. Mi ln ly mu c ngn cach bi 1 tin hiu reset va 1 presence pulse. Reset c xem nh qua trinh ngn cach va khi ng lai qua trinh o nhit mi, presence pulse ging nh tin hiu bao hiu cho VDK bit la DS18B20 ang co mt. y ta thc hin o nhit va hin thi n gian nht vi 1 con DS18B20. Do o co th bo qua cac phn : match ROM, search ROM, alarm search, (cac ban co th oc thm phn nay trong datasheet va thc hin nhng vi mach chi o nhit thi thi khng cn thit) Cc bc ca 1 ln ly mu: - Khi to xung reset v nhn tn hiu hin din t DS18B20. - Gi cc lnh ROM. - Gi cc lnh chc nng b nh. Kt ni phn cng c bn:

1) Khi to xung reset v nhn tn hiu hin din t DS18B20: Dng VDK t DQ xung mc thp trong khong thi gian ti thiu l 480 S. Gii phng DQ khi mc thp, in tr ko ln s t a DQ ln mc cao. Khi DS18B20 pht hin xung mc cao, n s ch t 15-60 S v DS18B20 s ko DQ xung mc thp trong khong thi gian t 60-240 S. Bt c tin hiu nay tc la DS18B20 sn sang.

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Hng dn giao tip cm bin DS18B20

Sau khi VDK bt c tn hiu sn sng s bt u truyn cc lnh ROM. Ta skip ROM khoi mt thi gian match ROM vi chi co 1 con trn BUS, khi nao nhiu con trn 1 ng dy mi cn match, thc hin bng cach nhay ti chng trinh con write va ghi ma skip ROM (CCh) vao data line. 2) Vit (write) v c (read) gi tr : a - Ghi: DS18B20 c hai dng rnh vit: vit 0 (vit mc logic 0 vo DS18B20) v vit 1 (vit mc logic 1). Mi rnh vit khng c di qu 60 S, v gia 2 rnh vit lin tip phi cch nhau t nht 1 S. Vi 1 byte 8 bit ta s c 8 rnh vit lin tip nhau. Qu trnh vit nh sau: (vit hai gi tr 0 v 1 lin tip nhau) - t DQ xung gi tr 0 trong 15 S ri t bit cn vit ln ( y l 0) v delay 15-45 S na. t DQ ln mc cao trong 1 S. - Sau li t DQ xung gi tr 0 trong khong nh hn 15 S ri t bit cn vit tip theo ln ( y l 1). Delay 15-45 S na.

b c: DS18B20 c hai dng rnh c: c 0 (c mc logic 0 t DS18B20) v c 1 (c mc Liu Cheng Zhong Page 6 11/16/2011

Hng dn giao tip cm bin DS18B20 logic 1). Mi rnh c khng c di qu 60 S, v gia 2 rnh c lin tip phi cch nhau t nht 1 S. Vi 1 byte 8 bit ta s c 8 rnh c lin tip nhau. Qu trnh c nh sau: (c hai gi tr 0 v 1 lin tip nhau) - t DQ xung gi tr 0 trong khong ln hn 1 S (khong 1-3 S) ri ly mu v cho VDK ( y l 0) trong khong thi gian nh hn 15 S k t lc bt u ca rnh. t DQ ln mc cao trong 1 S. - Sau li t DQ xung gi tr 0 trong khong ln hn 1 S (khong 1-3 S) ri ly mu v cho VDK ( y l 1) trong khong thi gian nh hn 15 S k t lc bt u ca rnh.

Mch o nhit s dng AT89C2051 v DS18B20 ( code here )

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Hng dn giao tip cm bin DS18B20

Ti liu tham kho 1. 2. Datasheet DS18B20 of Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600 AN4377, AN 4377, APP4377, Appnote4377, Appnote 4377 Copyright by Maxim Integrated Products Additional legal notices: http://www.maxim-ic.com/legal

Liu Cheng Zhong

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