GiaoTrinh Excel

TRNG I HC S PHM HU
TRUNG TM TIN HC
HONG V LUN
GIO TRNH
HU 2005
MC LC
MC LC
BI 1
2
TNG QUAN V EXCEL...........................................................................................................6
1.1. Gii thiu - Cc chc nng chnh ca Excel.........................................................................................6

1.2. Khi ng v kt thc Excel..................................................................................................................6
1.3. Cc thnh phn v khi nim c bn.....................................................................................................8
BI 2
LM VIC VI BNG TNH..................................................................................................12

2.1. Cc thao cc c bn.............................................................................................................................12
2.2. S dng menu FILE.............................................................................................................................15
2.3. S dng hm (function) trong cng thc.............................................................................................16
BI 3
CC HM THNG DNG TRONG EXCEL.....................................................................18

3.1. Cc hm tnh ton v thng k (Statistical).........................................................................................18
3.2. Cc hm lgic.......................................................................................................................................20
3.3. Cc hm chui (string), vn bn (text)................................................................................................21
3.4. Cc hm ngy, gi (Date & Time)......................................................................................................22
3.5. Cc hm tm kim v tham chiu (Lookup & Reference)..................................................................23
BI 4
TO BIU - CHART WIZARD.........................................................................................25

4.1. Cc thnh phn ca biu .................................................................................................................25
4.2. S dng Chart Wizard..........................................................................................................................25
4.3. Hiu chnh, to dng biu ...............................................................................................................27
BI 5
C S D LIU TRONG EXCEL..........................................................................................30

5.1. Khi nim v c s d liu (Data Base)..............................................................................................30
5.2. Hng dn to danh sch trong Excel.................................................................................................30
5.3. Cc hm CSDL.....................................................................................................................................31
BI 6
CC THAO TC TRN DANH SCH D LIU.................................................................34

6.1. Sp xp d liu ([DATA]\SORT)........................................................................................................34
6.2. Lc d liu ([DATA]\FILTER)...........................................................................................................35
6.3. Thng k theo nhm ([DATA]\SUBTOTALS)...................................................................................38
6.4. S dng [Data]Forms...........................................................................................................................40
6.5. Phn tch bng d liu [Data]Pivot Table...........................................................................................40
BI 7
CC CHC NNG B SUNG..................................................................................................45

7.1. nh dng trang: [File] Page Setup.....................................................................................................45
7.2. Xem trc khi in: [File]Print Preview.................................................................................................46
7.3. Chc nng in: [File]Print.....................................................................................................................46
7.4. S dng tnh nng [Data]Group and Outline.......................................................................................47
7.5. Qun l vng mn hnh lm vic.........................................................................................................47
Hong V Lun
7.6. Du cc hng/ct..................................................................................................................................47
7.7. nh dng c iu kin........................................................................................................................47
7.8. Kim tra d liu khi nhp....................................................................................................................48
7.9. Bo v d liu......................................................................................................................................50
HNG DN THC HNH MS-EXCEL.......................................................................................................51
BI M U HNG DN THC HNH EXCEL.............................................................................51
BI S 1.....................................................................................................................................................52
BI S 2a....................................................................................................................................................53
BI S 2b...................................................................................................................................................55
BI S 3.....................................................................................................................................................55
BI S 4a....................................................................................................................................................56
BI S 4b...................................................................................................................................................58
BI S 5a....................................................................................................................................................59
BI S 5b...................................................................................................................................................60
BI S 6.....................................................................................................................................................60
BI S 7a....................................................................................................................................................62
BI TP 7b.................................................................................................................................................64
BI S 8.....................................................................................................................................................65
BI S 9.....................................................................................................................................................67
BI S 10...................................................................................................................................................68
BI S 11...................................................................................................................................................70
BI S 12...................................................................................................................................................71
TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4
Hong V Lun
TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL
BI 1
TNG QUAN V EXCEL
1.1.Gii thiu - Cc chc nng chnh ca Excel
1. Gii thiu
Excel l trnh ng dng bng tnh trong Windows, thuc b cng c vn phng
Microsoft Office (MsOffice). Excel l ng dng a vn bn ngha l c th m ng
thi nhiu hn mt ca s vn bn. Cc thao tc trong Excel tun theo tiu chun ca
Windows, nh: lm vic vi ca s, cc hp i thoi, h thng menu, s dng mouse,
cc biu tng lnh...
Excel c th c ci t mt cch c lp, nhng thng thng l qua b ci t
MsOffice. ng dn n chng trnh EXCEL.EXE thng l ...Programs\Microsoft
Office\
2. Cc chc nng chnh ca Excel
L mt ng dng bng tnh, mi ca s vn bn ca Excel l mt WorkBook,
trong gm nhiu Sheet mi Sheet c th l bng tnh, biu hoc macro bng
tnh. Cc Sheet c th c lp hoc ph thuc nhau ty vo s t chc ca ngi s
dng. Khi lu (save) WorkBook, Excel t ng thm phn m rng l XLS.
Chc nng chnh ca Excel bao gm:
- tnh ton, phn tch, to biu , lp bo co... trn cc d liu c t chc
theo dng bng 2 chiu (m hnh quan h).
- chia s d liu vi cc ng dng khc
Cc chc nng ny mt phn c thc hin thng qua cc hm c thit k
sn hoc hm do ngi s dng t to; phn khc thng qua cc cng c c t chc
trong h thng menu hoc biu tng lnh.
L ng dng trong b MsOffice nn Excel c ti u ha s dng cc tnh
nng b sung, nh nhp vn bn t Word, to ch ngh thut t WordArt, chn vn
bn ton hc t Equation, b sung hnh nh t ClipArt Gallery... Ngc li, Excel
cng cung cp cc phng thc cc ng dng khc c th s dng c cc chc
nng mnh ca n.
Ngoi ra, Excel cn c thit k c th s dng cc ngun d liu t cc ng
dng khc, nh d liu t FoxPro, t Lotus 1-2-3...
1.2.Khi ng v kt thc Excel

1. Khi ng
C nhiu cch khi ng chng trnh Excel, di y l mt s cch thng dng:
+ Chn biu tng Excel t thanh Shortcut Bar hoc thanh Quick Launch (nu
c)
thanh Quick Launch
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Hong V Lun
+ T nt Start : [START]\Programs\(Microsoft Office)\Microsoft Office Excel
+ Hoc khi ng t biu tng Excel trong ca s Windows Explorer
2. Kt thc
Sau khi hon tt phin lm vic trong Excel, ta kt thc n bng mt trong cc
cch sau:
+ Chn lnh t menu: [FILE]\Exit
+ Nhn vo nt ng ca s [] gc trn phi, hoc nhn AltF4...
F Nu cc WorkBook c sa i v cha ghi li s thay i, th Excel s yu cu ta
xc nhn vic c ghi hay khng trc khi kt thc. Chn [Yes] ghi, [No] kt
thc v khng ghi, nhn [Cancel] hy lnh v tip tc lm vic vi Excel.
- Cn phi hon tt thao tc nhp d liu trong 1 (nu ang nhp d dang) trc
khi kt thc ca s WorkBook.
1.3.Cc thnh phn v khi nim c bn

1. Ca s ng dng
Ca s chnh ca Excel l vng mn hnh cha chng trnh Excel khi n c

khi ng, tng t nh cc ca s ng dng khc trong Windows. Gm cc thnh
phn nh: cc ng vin gii hn kch thc ca s; thanh tiu cha tiu
chng trnh v tn WorkBook ang lm vic; thanh menu ngang, cc thanh cng c
(Toolbar) cha cc biu tng lnh; cc nt lnh ca ca s (hp iu khin, nt
Minimize, Maximize/Restore, Close); vng lm vic (desktop) v cui cng l dng
trng thi cha thng bo v trng thi lm vic.
2. Ca s workbook (vn bn)
Ngay sau khi khi ng, thng thng Excel a ra mt workbook mi ngi
s dng c th bt u lm vic. WorkBook ny c t trong mt ca s vn bn
nm trong vng desktop ca ca s ng dng.
Khi c maximize (cc i ha), tiu ca ca s workbook nm chung vi
tiu ca chng trnh. Mi Workbook bao gm nhiu Sheet. Mi Sheet l mt
li cc (cell) c t chc thnh hng (row) v ct (column).
Row
WorkBook Sheet
Cell
Column
Ngay pha trn vng bng tnh c 2 thnh phn: mt l hp tn (Name Box) cha
tn ca (hoc dy cc ) hin thi ang c chn; hai l thanh cng thc (Formula
Bar) cha ni dung hoc cho php nhp ni dung ca ang chn. Pha di l thanh
cha tn cc sheet trong workbook v thanh cun ngang, bn phi l thanh cun dc.
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Hong V Lun
3. T chc bng tnh (sheet) trong Excel

a. nh a ch hng, ct v
Trong Excel, hng c nh s (gn nhn) t 1, 2,.. n 16384 (hoc 65536); ct
c nh th t t A, B, ..., Z, AA, ..., IV (256 ct). Giao ca ct v hng l (cell)
vi a ch xc nh l: [nhn ct][nhn dng], v d: F15 l giao ca ct F v dng
15, hoc c xc nh theo cch R[s hiu dng]C[s hiu ct], nh R5C8 l ti
dng 5 ct 8 (tc ct H).
i vi trong mt sheet ca mt workbook no , th a ch dng y l:
Path\[Tn_workbook]Tn_Sheet!Tham_chiu_
Trong :
+ Path l ng dn y ca workbook s tham chiu;
+ Tham_chiu_ hoc l tn 1 , hoc mt khong cc .
Khong cc l tp hp cc c dng: mt dy lin tc cc (gii hn trong
mt khung hnh ch nht) v/hoc cc ri rc. Trong cc lin tc (khong cc
) c vit theo dng _u_tin_trn_tri:_cui_cng_di_phi, v d: A4:C7 l
khong lin tc 12 gii hn bi 3 ct (A, B, C) v 4 hng (4, 5, 6, 7); cc ri rc
cch nhau bi du phn cch (thng thng l du phy), v d: C5, E9, F12 l dy 3
ri nhau.
b. Ni dung ca cc
Mi c th cha d liu hoc cng thc tnh ton.
D liu c th l :
- chui k t (character/string) v d H v tn
- s
(numeric)
125
- ngy
(date)
08/12/1998
- gi
(time)
8:15:25
Cng thc tnh ton c dng: k t u tin l du bng (=) tip theo l mt biu
thc. V d: ti A3 nu ta nhp =5+3 th sau khi nhn Enter, ni dung ca A3
s l 8.
+ Biu thc tnh ton c nh ngha l mt tp hp cc ton t v ton hng
c vit theo quy tc (c php) do Excel quy nh. Trong :
. Ton t l cc php ton s hc: + (cng), - (tr), * (nhn), / (chia), % (phn
trm), ^ (ly tha); hoc cc ton t so snh: < (nh hn: less than), > (ln hn:
greater than), = (bng: equal to), <= (nh hn hoc bng: less than or equal to), >=
(ln hn hoc bng: greater than or equal to), <> (khng bng: not equal to), v
ton t ni chui & (v d: HO&TEN HOTEN).
. Ton hng c th l gi tr hng (constant), mt tham chiu , mt nhn (label),
tn (name) hoc l mt hm (function) ca workbook. Cc hng chui c bao
trong cp nhy kp .
Hm (function) c dng: Tn_hm(danh sch i s nu c), trong cp ngot
n l bt but. Do hm thc hin mt qu trnh x l hay tnh ton v tr v mt
kt qu nn n c th xut hin bt k u trong mt biu thc m c th
c mt ton hng. Ngoi ra, Excel cn cho php kh nng cc hm lng nhau,
ngha l mt hm c th xut hin trong danh sch i s ca mt hm khc. V
d: SUM(A1, SUM(C5:F7))
F V d v cng thc:
= 15 + (4 * A6) SUM(B2:B4)
Trong : 5, 4 l cc hng; A6, B2:B4 l cc tham chiu ; SUM l tn hm;

+ * l cc ton t.
F Gi tr ca cng thc c Excel t ng cp nht khi c s thay i lin quan
n mi mt gi tr ca ton hng trong .
c. Tham chiu tng i v tuyt i
tham chiu n cc , c hai cch: tham chiu tng i v tham chiu tuyt i.
Tham chiu tng i xc nh v tr tng i t cha tham chiu n c
tham chiu. V d: trong cng thc ti C3 c cha tham chiu n A2 c
hiu nh l: xut pht ti hin thi (C3) sang tri 2 ct (t C sang A) v di
chuyn ln 1 hng (t hng th 3 ln 2) ly d liu ti .
- Vi tham chiu tng i, khi ngi s dng sao chp cng thc t ny sang
khc th gi tr tham chiu t ng thay i. V d, nu sao chp cng thc trong
C3 trn sang K5 th tham chiu n A2 s i li l I4 (gi nguyn s tng i
t K5 n I4: sang tri 2 v ln 1).
- T y suy ra, nu sao chp cng thc theo chiu dc th s hiu hng s b thay
i, s hiu ct c gi nguyn. Tng t, nu sao chp theo chiu ngang th ga
tr ct b thay i, gi li s hiu dng.
- V d: xt bng sau:
C
D
F
12
5
7
=SUM(C12:D12)
13
6
8
=SUM(C13:D13)
14
4
9
?
15 =SUM(C12:C14) =SUM(D12:D14)
Ti F12 nhp cng thc tnh tng cc t C12 n D12, khi nu sao chp
cng thc n F13 th tham chiu s thay i thnh tng cc t C13 n D13, sao
chp n F14 th s thnh =SUM(C14:D14). Tng t, khi chp ngang t C15 sang
D15 th s hiu 12 v 14 khng i, m i gi tr ct t C sang D.
Tham chiu tuyt i xc nh s tuyt i trong cch tham chiu, ngha l lun
hng n cc v tr c nh (theo hng v/hoc theo ct) no ca bng tnh khi
sao chp cng thc. V c xc nh bi hng v ct, nn s tuyt i y c
th ch tc ng n hng, n ct hoc c hai. Excel dng k t $ t trc tn
hng hoc tn ct ch s tuyt i. V d, E1 cha cng thc = $A$1 + $B1 +
C$1 + D1, bao gm tuyt i A1, tuyt i theo hng B1, theo ct C1 v
tng i D1. Khi nu sao chp cng thc ny n H5 th s t ng i li
l: = $A$1 + $B5 + F$1 + G5.
F Tn ca mt khong cc c xem l mt tham chiu tuyt i.
F Trong thc hnh, sau khi nhp tham chiu ta dng phm F4 chuyn i gia
cc loi tham chiu
d. t tn cho mt khong
Mt khong cc c th c gn bi mt tn d s dng. V d, thay cho vic
vit cng thc: = SUM(E7:E9) vi E7 n E9 cha d liu v doanh s bn ca 3
thng 7, 8 v 9 ta c th vit: = SUM(Quy3), trong Quy3 i din cho cc khong
cc E7:E9. thc hin iu ny ta tin hnh nh sau:
1. Chn cc E7 n E9 (drag ngang qua cc E7, E8 v E9)
2. Click mouse vo hp tn (Name Box) v nhp vo tn: Quy3
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Hong V Lun
3. Nhn Enter xc nhn vic t tn cho cc ang chn.

F Hoc c th s dng menu [INSERT]\Name\Define nh sau:
- Lu n dng cui, tham chiu n khong E7:E9 c Excel t ng

chuyn thnh tham chiu tuyt i. Nu mun xa mt tn nh ngha ta chn
tn cn xa v dng nt [Delete].
Sau khi gn tn cho mt khong , ta c th kim tra li tn bng cch chn li
khong , nu thy xut hin tn trong hp tn th gn ng, ngc li cn
xa tn gn sai v tin hnh gn li.
Hp tn cn cho php ta chn hoc chuyn nhanh n mt khong : Ch cn nhp
tn, hoc tham chiu vo hp tn th Excel s t ng chn v chuyn v tr mn
hnh n vng c chn.
- Hng dn t tn:
(b1. Chn cc cn t tn b2. Click vo hp tn v nhp tn b3. Nhn Enter)

Kim tra li tn t: click vo nt [ ] ta nhn thy tn t trong hp ri xung.
- Xa tn gn sai: dng menu [Insert]\Name\Define...
Trong hp [Define Name], ta chn tn cn xa v chn nt [Delete].
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BI 2
LM VIC VI BNG TNH
2.1.Cc thao cc c bn
1. Chn cc , hng, ct
- Chn 1 : click vo mun chn
- Chn nhiu lin tc: chn u tin (gc trn tri) ca khong cn chn, sau
drag (ko l) mouse (hoc shift-click) n v tr cui (gc di phi) .
- chn thm cc ri rc nhn gi phm Ctrl trong khi click vo cc .
F Ngoi ra, cn c th chn nhanh bng cch nhp khong cn chn vo hp tn.
- Vic chn hng hoc ct tng t nh chn . Thay cho click vo , ta click vo
nhn ct hoc s hiu hng chn 1 ct hoc 1 hng. Chn nhiu lin tc bng
k thut drag hoc shift-click. Chn ri rc bng Ctrl-click.
(Drag u dng, u ct chn mt hoc nhiu dng v chn mt hoc nhiu ct)
2. Cc cch thc hin lnh
- Dng menu hoc shortcut menu (dng Right-click)
- Dng biu tng lnh trong thanh cng c
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Hong V Lun
- Dng phm tt
3. Chn, xa cc , hng, ct
1- Chn cc , hng, ct cn tc ng
2- Click mouse phi (Right-click) lm xut hin shortcut menu
3- Chn lnh thch hp t shortcut menu:
Insert
chn thm
Delete
xa
Clear contents xa ni dung cc (hoc nhn phm Del)
F C th dng menu thay cho vic nhn R-click. Menu [Edit]\Del hoc [Edit]\Clear
xa. Menu [Insert]\Cells, Rows hoc Columns chn thm.
F S i tng chn thm vo hoc xa i bng vi s i tng chn (v d, nu
ang chn 3 hng th lnh Insert s chn 3 hng)
4. Nhp v sa cha ni dung ca
Nhp: Chn , sau nhp ni dung. Lu n cch thc Excel chnh l ty
thuc vo dng d liu s nhp. Nu l chui chnh tri; ngy, gi hoc s chnh
phi. nhp chui cc s nh 2356 ta thm du nhy n () pha trc chui s
ny: 2356. Kt thc vic nhp ni dung bng pha Enter. Nu khng mun thay i
ni dung c trc th nhn Esc.
Sa: Nhn Double-click (D-click) hoc F2 vo mt ang chn sa cha
ni dung, nu ch click vo th d liu nhp vo s thay d liu c trc .
Trong ch sa cha c th dng cc phm , , Home, End di chuyn.
Dng du bng (=) bt u nhp cng thc. Nu trong cng thc cn tham
chiu th hoc l t nhp tn cc cn tham chiu, hoc l dng mouse chn.
V d: ti D7 cn nhp cng thc tnh: = B7 + C7, u tin nhp du =, sau
dng mouse click vo B7, nhp du + v click vo C7 v nhn Enter hon tt.
Tin hnh tng t i vi khong lin tc cc (dng drag thay cho click).
nhn enter ta c
To dng (Format Cells): Excel cung cp nhiu kh nng trong vic thay i
dng thc ca mt . V d: i vi 1 con s c th c biu din bng nhiu dng:
n c th l s, l ngy, gi, biu din phn trm, tin t vi k hiu $, ...
13
to dng mt hoc nhiu , u tin ta chn chng, sau dng menu

[Format]Cells hoc nhn phm phi v chn Format Cells
Trong hp thoi c cha nhiu mc phc v cho vic to dng. Chng bao gm:
- Mc [Number] dng to dng s, gm: Number to dng cc con s, Currency
dng tin t; Date, Time dng ngy gi; Percentage dng phn trm; Fraction
dng phn s; Text dng vn bn...
Custom l dng c bit, n cho php ngi s dng t iu chnh vic to dng.
Mt s m to dng hay dng l:
* M to dng s: (v d s cn to dng: 3149.457)
M
Kt qu
ngha
0
3149
Lm trn n hng n v (khng c s l)
0.00
3149.46
Ly 2 ch s l
#,##0
3,149
C k t phn cch nhm 3 s v lm trn
0.00%
314945.70% Theo dng % c hai s l
0.00 3149.46
Thm chui vo kt qu (trong cp )
* M to dng ngy (v d: ngy 15 thng 7 nm 1999)
M
Kt qu
ngha
dd/mm/yy
15/07/99 ngy/thng/nm, mi v tr c 2 s
mm/dd/yy
07/15/99 thng/ngy/nm, mi v tr c 2 s
mm/dd/yyyy
07/15/1999 nm c 4 ch s
dd-mmm-yy
15-Jul-99 tn thng c 3 k t vit tt
- Mc [Alignment] dng chnh sp d liu theo 2 hng: ngang (Horizontal),
ng (Vertical); v iu khin vic cho php vn bn xung dng (Wrap text) hay
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Hong V Lun
tri lp sang cc bn cnh. Ngoi ra cn cho php quay vn bn theo cc gc

quay khc nhau.
- Mc [Font] dng to dng v font ch.
- Mc [Border] dng cho vic thit lp ng vin ca cc vi rt nhiu la
chn:
5. To dy t ng
Mt dy s liu lin tc (v d: a1, a2,...) c th c to ra mt cch t ng
bng cch nhp s liu u (a1), sau chn n s lm xut hin mt nt vung nh
gc di phi, di chuyn mouse n v tr ny (mouse c hnh du cng) ko l nt
vung n cui ca dy s liu s to ra mt dy lin tc. Nu dy l dy s (v d:
1, 2, ...) th phi nhn thm phm Ctrl to dy lin tc. Nu u tin l cng thc
th vic ko nt iu khin s sao chp cng thc n cc , khi cc tham chiu s
c iu chnh t ng.
Drag
2.2.S dng menu FILE

Menu File cha cc lnh tc ng ln tng th workbook, bao gm:
+ New
Bt u to mi mt workbook.
+ Open
M mt workbook ghi trc .
+ Close
ng ca s workbook ang lm vic.
15
+ Save
+ Save as
+ Print preview
+ Print
+ Exit
Ghi workbook ang lm vic ra file. Ton b Sheet c trong

workbook s cng c lu tr trong mt file c phn m rng
l XLS.
Ghi ra di mt tn mi. Nu l ln u tin ghi file th chc
nng ny s t ng c chn thay cho Save.
Xem tng th workbook trc khi in chnh thc.
In ton b workbook, hoc ch in Sheet ang lm vic hin
thi.
Kt thc phin lm vic vi Excel.
2.3.S dng hm (function) trong cng thc

Hm c th c nhp trc tip trong cng thc hoc s dng cng c chn hm
ca Excel. chn hm vo cng thc, dng menu [Insert]Function hoc click vo
biu tng Function Wizard [fx].
Ch :
Cc hm thng dng
Lit k tt c cc hm
Cc hm ti chnh
Ngy v gi
Ton v lng gic
Thng k
Tm kim v tham chiu
Hm c s d liu
Hm vn bn
Hm lgic
Hm thng tin
Trong hp thoi Function Wizard c hai bng, bn tri l ch cc hm, bn phi

l hm s chn. Cc hm c t chc theo ch d s dng. Sau khi chn c
hm thch hp, s thc hin tip cc bc cn li nhp ni dung cho cc i s ca
hm. V d, i vi hm SUM cn ch ra khong cc s ly tng...
Trong qu trnh nhp ni dung, tham chiu n cc ta c th dng mouse

ch nh cc cn tham chiu m khng cn phi nhp trc tip. Cng c th s dng
vic t tn n gin ha vic qun l cc . Sau khi hon tt nhn [Finish] hoc
[OK] kt thc.
Lu : nu tin trnh nhp cng thc mt cha xong th khng th kt thc
Excel, khi s c thng bo li v vic cha hon tt cng thc (hoc trong cng
thc c li)
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Hong V Lun
- V tip l thng bo khng th kt thc Excel:
gii quyt li ny, ta nhn OK quay v cha cng thc ang nhp v nhn
ESC hy cng thc, sau s c th kt thc Excel bnh thng.
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BI 3
CC HM THNG DNG TRONG EXCEL
3.1.Cc hm tnh ton v thng k (Statistical)
1. Hm Sum
* C php: SUM(danh sch i s)
Hm Sum tnh tng cc s c mt trong danh sch i s ca n.
* Trong :
danh sch i s c th l hng (s hoc chui s), khong cc
cha s hoc mt hm tr v gi tr kiu s.
* V d: Sum(2, 4, True) = 7,
v 4 c chuyn thnh s 4; True=1 (False=0)
Nu C2 cha 7; C3 l 4; C4 l 10 th Sum(C2:C4) = 21
2. Hm Max
* C php: MAX(danh sch i s)
Hm Max tr li gi tr s ln nht trong danh sch i s.
* V d: Max(2, 5, 7) = 7
Nu C2 cha 7; C3 l 4; C4 l 10 th Max(C2:C4) = 10
3. Hm Min
* C php: MIN(danh sch i s)
Hm Min tr li gi tr s nh nht trong danh sch i s.
4. Hm Average
* C php: AVERAGE(danh sch i s)
Hm Average tr li gi tr trung bnh cng ca cc s trong danh sch i s.
* V d: Average(2, 5, 7) = 4.66(6)
Nu C2 cha 7; C3 l 4; C4 l 10 th Average(C2:C4) = (7+4+10)/3 = 7
5. Hm Round
* C php: ROUND(s, s_ch_s)
Hm Round tr li gi tr s (kiu s thc) c lm trn n chnh xc ty
thuc vo s_ch _s. Nu:
- s ch s > 0 lm trn phn l
v d: Round(21.546, 2) = 21.55
- s ch s = 0 ly s nguyn gn nht
v d: Round(21.546, 0) = 22
- s ch s < 0 lm trn phn nguyn
v d: Round(21.546, -1) = 20
6. Hm Int
* C php: INT(s)
Hm Int tr li phn nguyn ca s (lm trn s n s nguyn gn bng nht)
So snh vi hm Round(n, 0) l hm lm trn trn, Int l hm lm trn di.
* V d: Int(2.57) = 2; Int(7/4) = 1; Int(-3.49) = -4
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7. Hm Mod
* C php: MOD(s, s chia)
Hm Mod tnh phn d trong php chia nguyn ca s vi s chia
* V d: Mod(13, 4) = 1
v 13 chia 4 c 3, d 1
Gi s ti C3 cha s ngy lm vic, khi cng thc = Int(C3/7) s cho s
tun; v cng thc = Mod(C3, 7) cho li s ngy l.
8. Hm Count
* C php: COUNT(danh sch i s)
Danh sch i s c th l cc gi tr s, ngy, logic, chui... hoc mt danh sch
tham chiu. Hm Count m cc gi tr kiu s (hoc gi tr c th chuyn t ng
thnh kiu s, nh: kiu ngy, chui s, lgic...) c mt trong danh sch i s. Hm
ny c th kt hp vi hm Sum thay cho Average khi cn m bo tnh chnh xc
ca php ly trung bnh mt khong gi tr m khng chc cc gi tr ny l s.
* V d: Count(13, 432, abc) = 2 v chui 432 c chuyn thnh gi tr s
Count(12/8/98, TRUE) = 2 cc kiu ngy, lgic c chuyn thnh s
9. Hm CountA
* C php: COUNTA(danh sch i s)
Hm CountA m s cc gi tr c mt trong danh sch i s v ch b qua
khng m cc rng trong khong tham chiu.
* V d: Xt 4 A1:D1 nh sau:
A B
C
D
1 xy
25 True
Khi : CountA(A1:D1) = 3 v B1 rng
10. Hm Rank
* C php: RANK(s cn xp hng, danh sch s, phng php sp)
Hm Rank tr li th hng ca s cn xp hng theo cc gi tr ca danh sch s.
Nu phng php sp bng 0 (hoc b qua) th danh sch s c sp theo th t
gim dn, ngc li l th t tng dn trc khi so snh gi tr. V d nu cn sp th
hng hc lc th phng php sp s l 0, nu cn sp th hng thnh tch vn ng
vin theo thi gian th phng php sp s khc 0 (bng 1 chng hn). i vi cc gi
tr bng nhau trong danh sch s th th hng tng ng ca chng s bng nhau.
* V d:
Gi s cc t A1 n A5 cha gi tr tng ng l 5, 6, 9, 4, 8
Khi : Rank(A1, A1:A5, 1) = 2 (th t tng: 4, 5, 6, 8, 9)
nhng: Rank(A1, A1:A5, 0) = 4 (th t gim: 9, 8, 6, 5, 4)
V d tng hp v cc hm tnh ton, thng k:
1
2
3
4
5
A
5
3
2
6
a
B
7
9
4
9
C
6
8
7
5
x
D
=SUM(A1:C1)
=SUM(A2:C2)
=SUM(A3:C3)
=SUM(A4:C4)
=COUNT(A4:C5)
E
F
=MAX(A1:C1)
=MIN(A1:C1)
2
2.57
=MOD(B2,E2)
=INT(F2)
=RANK(A1,A1:A4,0)
=COUNTA(A4:C5)
G
=AVERAGE(A1:C1)
21.546
=ROUND(G2,2)
=ROUND(G2,0)
=ROUND(G2,-1)
T cc cng thc v s liu cho trn, ta c cc kt qu sau:

19
3.2.Cc hm lgic
Cc hm logic thng s dng, hoc to ra - cc biu thc logic. Biu thc logic
l mt biu thc c lng gi bi hai gi tr: ng (True = 1) v sai (False = 0).
Trong cc ton hng c th l hng, tham chiu , kt qu ca mt hm... nhng
chng c lin kt vi nhau bi cc ton t so snh (<, >, =, <=, >=, <>) v c th l
i s ca cc hm logic (And, Or, Not...)
V d: Cc biu thc sau cho gi tr True:
5 > 4;
A < C (so snh chui)
Cc biu thc sau cho gi tr False:
(3+5) <> 8; (2*10) = ((5-2)*9)
1. Hm And
* C php: AND(danh sch biu thc logic)
Hm And tr li gi tr True nu tt c cc biu thc logic trong danh sch l True;
ngc li nu c t nht mt biu thc logic trong danh sch nhn gi tr False th
hm tr li gi tr False.
* V d: And(3>2, Toi >= Ta, C3=0) s l True nu C3 cha gi tr 0 v khi
3 biu thc trong danh sch u nhn gi tr True; ngc li s c gi tr False.
2. Hm Or
* C php: OR(danh sch biu thc logic)
Hm OR tr li gi tr False nu tt c cc biu thc logic trong danh sch l
False; ngc li nu c t nht mt biu thc logic trong danh sch nhn gi tr
True th hm tr li gi tr True.
* V d: OR(3<=2, Anh = Em, C3=0) s l False nu C3 cha gi tr khc
0 v khi c 3 biu thc trong danh sch u nhn gi tr False; ngc li s c
gi tr True.
3. Hm Not
* C php: NOT(biu thc logic)
Hm Not i ngc gi tr ca biu thc logic. (Not(True) = False v
Not(False)=True)
* V d: Not(3<5) = True v 3<5 l False
4. Hm If
* C php: IF(bt_logic, gi tr nu bt_logic ng, gi tr nu bt_logic sai)
Hm If cn c vo s lng gi ca bt_logic tr v mt trong hai gi tr: gi tr
nu bt_logic ng v gi tr nu bt_logic sai. Gi tr tr li c th li c nhn
thng qua kt qu ca mt hm khc. iu ny chnh l kh nng lng nhau ca
cc hm trong Excel.
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Hong V Lun
* V d: Gi s ti A3 cha thng tin v trnh vn ha. Khi cng thc:

If(A3 = H, i hc, If(A3 = C, Cao ng, Trung cp))
s tr v mt trong 3 chui k t i hc, Cao ng hoc Trung cp ty
thuc vo ni dung ca A3 l H, C hay TC
3.3.Cc hm chui (string), vn bn (text)

Cc hm loi ny thng yu cu i s c kiu k t, hoc kt qu ca hm tr
li l mt kiu k t. Nu kt qu ca cc hm l mt chui s th c th c s dng
trong cc php tnh ton v Excel t ng chuyn chui s thnh gi tr s khi cn
thit. Trong cc trng hp khc cn lu n kiu ca gi tr x l ng.
1. Hm Len
* C php: LEN(text)
Hm Len ly i s text c kiu k t v tr li di ca text. Cc k t trng
(khong cch) trong text cng c m nh cc k t khc.
* V d: Len(y l mt chui) = 16
Len() = 0 (chui rng)
Nu G2 c cha chui MASO 125 th Len(G2) = 8
2. Hm Left
* C php: LEFT(text, num)
Hm Left tr li num k t bn tri nht ca text. Nu b qua i s num th xem
nh ly k t u tin ca text. Nu num ln hn di ca text th ly ton b text.
* V d: Left(AC035, 2) = AC (ly 2 k t bn tri)
Left(AC35) = A
(b qua i s num)
3. Hm Right
* C php: RIGHT(text, num)
Hm Right tr li num k t bn phi nht ca text. Nu b qua i s num th
xem nh ly k t cui cng ca text. Nu num ln hn di ca text th ly ton
b text.
* V d: Right(AC035, 2) = 35 (ly 2 k t bn phi)
Right(AC035) = 5 (b qua i s num xem nh ly 1 k t)
Right(A035, 2)*20 = 700 (t ng chuyn kiu khi tnh ton)
4. Hm Mid
* C php: MID(text, pos, num)
Hm Mid tr li num k t ca text, tnh t v tr pos. K t u tin ca text c
m l 1. Nu pos ln hn di ca text th tr li chui rng.
* V d: Mid(AC035, 2, 3) = C03
(tnh t v tr th 2, ly 3 k t)
Mid(AC035, 6, 1) =
(v tr pos vt qu di ca text)
5. Ni hai chui &
* C php: text1 & text2
21
Ton t ni chui & ly hai i s kiu k t text1 v text2 to thnh chui mi

l hp ca hai chui ny.
* V d: MASO l & Left(A124) MASO l A
3.4.Cc hm ngy, gi (Date & Time)

D liu kiu ngy trong Excel c tnh t ngy 01/01/1900 n 31/12/2078 (hoc
31/12/9999 trong Excel 97) tng ng vi gi tr t 1 n 65380. Kiu ngy c th
c chuyn thnh mt s v ngc li; v d: ngy 05/01/1900 c tnh nh l gi
tr 5, v gi tr 1245 c xem nh ngy 29/05/1903.
Ty theo m nh dng ngy ca Windows m Excel c th to nh dng mc
nh l mm-dd-yy (thng-ngy-nm) hay dd-mm-yy (ngy-thng-nm). Khi nhp ngy
trong mt cn lu n iu ny, v nu ngy hp l th Excel thng t ng chnh
phi ngc li l chnh tri. Trong thc hnh, thng nhp th ngy 13 thng 01
kim tra (13/01/98), nu sau khi nhp, gi tr c chnh l phi, th dng ngy l
dd/mm/yy, ngc li l dng ngy mm/dd/yy. nhp nm ln hn 2000 cn phi
nhp 4 ch s ch nm, nu nhp 2 ch s th Excel t ng hiu l thuc nm
19xx.
Dng gi trong Excel l hh:mm:ss (gi:pht:giy), gi c th theo dng 12 gi
(dng k t AM v PM biu th bui sng, chiu) hoc dng 24 gi.
Trn cc kiu d liu ny c th thc hin cc php tnh s hc thng thng nh
+, - gia cc i s kiu ngy (tnh ton s chnh lch gia hai ngy) hoc gia mt
i s kiu ngy vi mt s nguyn (tng hoc gim ngy).
1. Hm Day
* C php: DAY(dy s kiu ngy)
Hm Day tr li gi tr ngy (t 1 n 31) t dy s kiu ngy.
Dy s kiu ngy c th l mt chui ngy (03/01/98) hoc tham chiu n
cha gi tr ngy.
* V d: Day(07/21/98) = 21
(ngy 21 thng 7 dng mm/dd/yy)
2. Hm Month
* C php: MONTH(dy s kiu ngy)
Hm Month tr li gi tr thng (t 1 n 12) t dy s kiu ngy.
* V d: Month(07/21/98) = 7
(ngy 21 thng 7 dng mm/dd/yy)
3. Hm Year
* C php: YEAR(dy s kiu ngy)
Hm Year tr li gi tr nm (t 1900 n nm ln nht c th) t dy s kiu ngy.
* V d: Year(07/21/98) = 1998 (nm nhp 2 ch s c xem nh 19xx)
4. Hm Now
* C php: NOW()
Hm Now khng c i s, tr li gi tr l mt dy s gm ngy, thng, nm v
gi hin ti ang c lu trong ng h ca my tnh.
* V d: Year(Now()) tr li nm hin ti (l 2005)
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Hong V Lun
5.
*
*
*
Gi s C7 cha ngy sinh, khi cng thc:

Year(Now()) - Year(C7) s cho gi tr l tui ca i tng.
Cc hm v thi gian
Hour
tr li gi tr gi (1 24)
Minute tr li gi tr pht (1 60)
Second tr li gi tr giy (1 60)
3.5.Cc hm tm kim v tham chiu (Lookup & Reference)

Cc hm trong nhm ny thng s dng mt bng cha cc gi tr s tr li qua
mt qu trnh tm kim theo kha tm. Bng ny thng c gi l bng d hay bng
tm v d x l ta nn t tn cho bng. C hai loi bng: bng ngang v bng dc.
a) Bng ngang (cha gi tr cn tm theo hng ngang), v d:
LPH
TTUAN
TNGAY
A
x1
y1
B
x2
y2
C
x3
y3
bng trn, cc gi tr cn tm A, B, C tri ra theo phng ngang hng s 1; cc

gi tr x1, x2, x3 ( hng 2) v y1, y2, y3 ( hng 3) l cc gi tr s tr li sau qu
trnh tm. Cc LPH, TTUAN, TNGAY ch c tnh cht tham kho, lm r ngha
ca bng, ch khng tham gia vo qu trnh tm kim. Thc cht bng trn ch c 9
(t cha A n cha y3.
b) Bng dc (cha gi tr cn tm theo hng dc), v d:
LPH
A
TTUAN TNGAY
x1
y1
x2
y2
x3
y3
Cc cha A, B, C ct 1, cc gi tr cn li ct 2 v ct 3.
Tng ng vi hai loi bng trn l hai loi hm tm kim: HLOOKUP v
VLOOKUP.
1. Hm VLookup
* C php: VLOOKUP(gt_tm, bng_tm, ct_tr_gt, cch_tm)
Nu cch_tm = 1 (True) th ct u tin ca bng_tm c sp th t tng dn.
Ngc li, nu cch_tm = 0 (False) th bng_tm khng yu cu sp.
Hm VLOOKUP tm trong ct u tin ca bng_tm mt gi tr hp l so vi
gt_tm, sau nu tm thy th s tr li gi tr tng ng theo hng ct_tr_gt.
Bng_tm l mt bng, trong ct u tin (nh s 1) ca bng ny cha cc
gi tr tng hp vi cc gi tr s tm. Cc ct cn li cha cc gi tr tr li
tng ng vi hng ca gi tr tm thy.
* V d: VLookUp(B, [Bng_tm], 2, 0) = x2
23
2. Hm HLookup
* C php: HLOOKUP(gt_tm, bng_tm, hng_tr_gt, cch_tm)
Nu cch_tm = 1 (True) th hng u tin ca bng_tm c sp th t tng dn.
Ngc li, nu cch_tm=0 (False) th bng_tm khng yu cu sp.
Hm HLOOKUP tm trong hng u tin ca bng_tm mt gi tr hp l so vi
gt_tm, sau nu tm thy th s tr li gi tr tng ng theo ct hng_tr_gt.
Bng_tm l mt bng, trong hng u tin (nh s 1) ca bng ny cha cc
gi tr tng hp vi cc gi tr s tm. Cc hng cn li cha cc gi tr tr li
tng ng vi ct ca gi tr tm thy.
* V d: HLookUp(C, [Bng_tm], 3, 0) = y3
3. Hm Columns
* C php: COLUMNS(khong tham chiu)
Hm Columns tr li s ct trong khong tham chiu.
* V d: Columns(A5:C10) = 3
(t A C l 3 ct)
4. Hm Rows
* C php: ROWS(khong tham chiu)
Hm Rows tr li s hng trong khong tham chiu.
* V d: Rows(A5:C10) = 6
(t 5 10 l 6 hng)
24
Hong V Lun
BI 4
TO BIU - CHART WIZARD
Ngoi vic s dng mng hai chiu t chc d liu, trong Excel th hin mi
tng quan gia cc dy s liu ta c th biu din chng bi biu (chart). Biu
c dng hnh, c phn thnh nhiu kiu: Area (kiu vng); Bar (thanh); Column
(ct); Line (ng); Pie (cung trn cha gc); XY-Scatter (im ri rc)... Nhng kiu
ny c th c biu din theo dng 2 chiu (2-D) hoc 3 chiu (3-D).
4.1.Cc thnh phn ca biu

+ Vng d liu: mt khong lin tc hoc ri rc cc bng tnh c chn
dng lm d liu cho biu , c th t chc theo hng hay ct gi l dy (series)
d liu. Mi to thnh mt im d liu trn biu v c nh du
(markers) bi cc k hiu khc nhau. Vng d liu c th bao gm mt hng (hoc
ct) cha cc nhn (label).
+ Trc ta : h thng cc ng thng ng hoc ngang xc nh t l biu din
cc im d liu, trn cc trc c cha cc vch nh du t l (tick mark). Cc
trc thng c hai loi: trc ch (category) v trc gi tr (value).
+ Hp ghi ch (legend): cha cc du hiu biu din cc dy s liu c mt trong
biu . C th t legend ti mt v tr ty trong biu .
+ Tiu (title): dng vn bn to nhn cho biu (chart title) v cc trc.
Biu mu
35
30
25
20
F ood
Gas
M o te l
15
10
5
0
J an
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
J un
4.2.S dng Chart Wizard

Bc 1: Chn vng d liu cha s liu ca biu . C th chn lin tc hoc
ri rc nhm cc theo hng hoc ct.
25
Bc 2: Click vo biu tng Chart Wizard hoc chn [Insert]\Chart. Khi con tr
c dng du cng (+), ta v mt khung ch nht xc nh kch thc v v tr ban
u ca biu . Lu : c th chn v ti sheet ang cha s liu hoc ti mt
sheet khc.
Bc 3: Xut hin hp chn vng d liu:
V vng d liu chn bc 1, nn ta chn [Next] sang bc k tip (chn

kiu biu ), hoc chn [Finish] kt thc (dng dng mc nh ca biu ),
sau ny c th to dng li. Nu vng d liu xut hin y cha ng th c th
dng mouse chn li vng khc.
Bc 4: Chn kiu biu v chn mt dng con ca n
V d, kiu Column c cc dng nh:
Bc 5: Cung cp cc thng tin b sung, nh:

- D liu c t chc theo hng hay ct (Data Series in Rows/Columns)
- Trong vng d liu nu c cha nhn th ch ra s th t ca hng hay ct to
nhn cho cc trc cc gi tr [x] v [y], nu khng th nhp s 0 cho cc gi tr
ny:
Use First [x] Row(s) for Category (X) Axis Labels
Use First [y] Column(s) for Series(Y) Axis Labels
- Ty chn vic b sung mt Legend vo biu
- Nhp tiu cho biu v tiu cho cc trc.
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Hong V Lun
4.3.Hiu chnh, to dng biu

Sau khi chn [Finish], mt biu s xut hin trong vng ch nht m ta xc
nh bc 2. Ta c th tip tc iu chnh, to dng, thm/loi b cc thnh phn
ca biu . thc hin, ch cn nhn D-click vo cc vng thch hp v iu chnh
thng tin trong cc hp thoi tng ng. V d, c th thay i cc thnh phn nh:
kch thc, mu sc, font ch, loi b cc ng li, sa i hoc b sung d liu;
thay i kiu biu theo dng ph hp...
Ring trong Excel-97 (hoc 2k3), cng c to biu n gin hn. Ngi s
dng khng cn thit phi v trc vng s cha biu ( Bc 2) v Excel s t
ng to ra. Ngoi ra, Excel-97 cn b sung thm nhiu dng biu . Di y
gii thiu cc hp thoi ca Chart Wizard trong Excel-97:
* Bc 1 (ca 4 bc): chn kiu Chart
- Trong bc ny, ta chn mt kiu chart chnh v sau chn trong tp cc kiu
con ca n mt kiu thch hp. Hnh di minh ha kiu Column v cc kiu con
ca n.
* Bc 2: Ch nh ngun d liu s s dng trong Chart

- y lu rng, nu trc khi thc hin lnh to biu ta chn hoc ng
trong vng d liu th Excel s t ng nh du xc nh vng d liu.
- Thng th Excel phn tch ng v dy gi tr ca d liu theo ct (Series in
Columns) hay theo dng (Series in Rows), trong trng hp cn thit ta c th ch
nh li gi tr ny.
27
* Bc 3: B sung cc ty chn
- bc ny c nhiu ty chn ta c th thay i, b sung vo biu nhng
thnh phn theo yu cu.
* Bc 4: Ty chn v tr t biu
- y ta c th ch nh v tr ca biu trong cc Sheet c hay l to mt
Sheet khc cha biu .
Sau khi nhn Finish ta c kt qu sau:
28
Hong V Lun
BI U LNG
500000
400000
300000
200000
100000
0
An
Thu
y
S n
Hng
Hu
ng
* Ta c th d dng hiu chnh cc phn t trong biu bng cch nhn D-click
vo v tr cn tc ng.
* Gii thiu cng c to dng biu :
29
BI 5
C S D LIU TRONG EXCEL
5.1.Khi nim v c s d liu (Data Base)
CSDL (cn gi l bng d liu) l tp hp c cu trc cc thng tin c lin h vi
nhau, c t chc theo mt nguyn tc nht nh nhm phn nh thuc tnh ca mt
lp i tng. C cc m hnh t chc CSDL nh: m hnh phn cp; m hnh mng;
m hnh quan h...
Trong , m hnh quan h c th c biu din bi mng 2 chiu, t chc thnh
hng v ct. Mi hng cha thng tin v mt i tng c gi l mt mu tin
(record), mi ct cha thng tin phn nh thuc tnh chung ca cc i tng, c
gi l trng d liu (field).
Trong Excel, CSDL c t chc theo m hnh quan h di dng danh sch
(list). Danh sch l mt dng c bit ca bng tnh, bao gm mt khong lin tc cc
. Trong danh sch, hng u tin cha tn ca cc ct, cc hng cn li cha d liu
v cc i tng trong danh sch.
5.2.Hng dn to danh sch trong Excel

Microsoft Excel cung cp nhiu chc nng thun tin trong vic qun l v phn
tch d liu trong mt danh sch. tn dng nhng chc nng ny, hy nhp d liu
trong danh sch theo nhng gi sau:
V kch thc v v tr
- Khng nn c nhiu hn mt danh sch trong mt worksheet.
- Nn ti thiu l mt hng v ct trng phn cch danh sch vi cc d liu ca
bng tnh. iu ny lm cho Excel d dng nhn bit mt cch t ng danh sch
s lm vic.
- Khng nn cc hng khng c d liu trong danh sch.
- Trnh t d liu quan trng bn tri hoc phi ca danh sch, v d liu c th b
che du khi tin hnh lc danh sch.
V cc nhn ct:
- Nn to nhn ct trong hng u tin ca danh sch. Excel dng cc nhn to
bo co, tm kim v t chc d liu.
- S dng to dng font ch, chnh sp... cho cc nhn ct khc vi d liu trong
danh sch. Dng ng vin quanh cc ca nhn trong hng u tin phn
cch vi vng d liu.
V ni dung:
- Thit k danh sch sao cho tt c cc hng c cc mc tng t trong cng mt
ct.
- Trnh thm vo cc khong trng u cc , v iu ny c nh hng n qu
trnh sp xp v tm kim.
- Khng dng cc hng trng phn cch nhn ct vi d liu.
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Hong V Lun
t tn:
- Nn t tn cho danh sch thun tin trong vic tc ng ln danh sch (nh
tnh ton, lc thng tin...)
- Khi chn vng d liu ca danh sch t tn cn ch phi chn c dng u
tin trong danh sch c cha nhn ct.
5.3.Cc hm CSDL
Excel cung cp nhiu hm lm vic vi c s d liu dng danh sch. Cc hm
ny u c chung mt cu trc c php, ch khc nhau v chc nng.
1. Cu trc tng qut ca hm CSDL
Dfunction(database,field,criteria)
- Tn hm bt u bng k t D, tip l cc tn nh SUM, MIN,... (v d:
DSUM)
- database l mt CSDL dng danh sch ca Excel, thng thng l mt tn nh
ngha trc ca danh sch cn tc ng.
- field l tn nhn ct ng trong cp nhy kp hoc s th t ca ct trong danh
sch (tnh t ct 1) hoc l tn tham chiu ca nhn ct s b tc ng bi hm (v
d: tnh ton trn mt ct ca danh sch).
- criteria l vng iu kin xc nh cc iu kin cn thit m hm phi tha mn
tc ng ln trng d liu ch ra bi field.
Chc nng: Hm CSDL tc ng ln trng d liu (filed) ca danh sch
(database) theo cc iu kin xc nh bi vng iu kin (criteria).
2. To vng iu kin s dng vi cc hm CSDL
Criteria l mt tham chiu n mt khong cc c cha cc iu kin c bit
cho hm. Hm CSDL s tr li kt qu tnh ton trn mt ct ca danh sch ph hp
vi nhng rng buc c ch ra bi vng iu kin. vng iu kin thng cha
mt nhn ct i din cc gi tr trong ct tham gia vo iu kin. Tham chiu n
vng iu kin c th c nhp vo hm nh mt khong hoc thng qua tn
gn cho khong ny.
Dng tng qut ca vng iu kin:
Tn trng (nhn ct)
iu kin
v d:
LNG
>= 525000
Trong cha iu kin c th s dng cc ton t quan h: >, <, >=, <=, <>, =
hoc cc k t thay th ?, * tng t nh trong h iu hnh MS-DOS (v d: iu
kin X* ngha l d liu dng chui bt u bi X, cc k t cn li ty ). tm
chnh xc cc gi tr kiu chui, ta s dng dng: = =gi tr_chui. Lu rng, kt
qu ca cc hm chui (Left, Right, Mid) l kiu chui.
Vng iu kin c th cha nhiu Tn trng v nhiu iu kin khc nhau c
th t cng hng hoc khc hng. Cc iu kin b tr cng hng mang ngha ca
ton t AND; cc iu kin b tr trn nhiu hng mang ngha OR.
V d:
LNG
LNG
>= 350000
<= 500000
31
C ngha l LNG >= 350000 v (AND) LNG <= 500000

LNG
TVH
>= 350000
i hc
<=250000
C ngha l LNG >=350000 v (AND) TVH l i hc hoc (OR) LNG
<= 250000 v TVH l bt k (v tng ng khng cha gi tr iu kin).
F Lu : Vng iu kin c th c t chc nhng hng u tin ca bng tnh,
sau ny c th du (hide) chng i m khng lm nh hng n d liu trong
bng tnh. Hoc c th t chc chng mt sheet khc vi sheet cha danh sch.
3. Gii thiu mt s hm CSDL thng dng ca Excel
1. DSUM(database, field, criteria)
Hm DSUM tnh tng ct field trong database theo iu kin c ch ra bi
criteria.
V d: Trong mt danh sch lng, c th tnh tng ca ct Tng Lng theo iu
kin Lng C Bn hoc theo Trnh Vn Ha...
2. DMAX, DMIN, DAVERAGE
Cc hm ny tr li gi tr ln nht (max), nh nht (min), trung bnh (average)
ca mt ct d liu (field) trong mt danh sch theo iu kin (criteria) xc nh.
3. DCOUNT(database, [field,] criteria)
DCOUNTA(database, [field,] criteria)
Hm DCOUNT m s cc c cha gi tr s; DCOUNTA dng m cc
khc trng (ngha l m cc c cha d liu) trong mt ct ca danh sch hp vi
iu kin ch nh bi vng iu kin. im c bit y l: i s [filed,] c th b
b qua, khi hai hm ny s tin hnh m trong tt c cc record (hng) ca danh
sch.
4. V d v hm CSDL
Gi s c danh sch d liu sau (t B2 n D7 - xem bng minh ha)
Ta c th tnh tng cng ca ct TONG theo iu kin mt hng l loi GAO, nh
sau:
= DSUM(B2:D7, TONG, B25:B26)
(nhp tn trng)
hoc = DSUM(DATA10, 3, B25:B26) (s th t ct)
hoc = DSUM(DATA10, D2, CRT10) (s hiu )
(Trong DATA10 l tn ca danh sch d liu; CRT10 l tn ca vng iu kin
B25:B26)
A
B
C
D
1
2
TEN
SLUONG
TONG
3
BOT
324
1145340
4
GAO
454
6878100
5
BOT
656
3312800
6
GAO
431
1318860
7
GAO
455
4641000
32
Hong V Lun
...
25
TEN
SLUONG
26
GAO
>450
27
BOT
Hoc b sung iu kin SLUONG > 450, khi s dng vng iu kin l
B25:C26. tnh vi iu kin mt hng l GAO hoc BOT, ta dng vng B25:B27.
tnh s lng trung bnh ca mt hng GAO, ta dng cng thc:
= DAVERAGE(BANG10, SLUONG, CRT10)
v = DMAX(BANG10, TONG, CRT10) tnh tng ln nht theo GAO.
5. V d v thit lp vng iu kin
- iu kin ngy trong mt thng no :
NGAY
NGAY
>=01/05/99
<01/06/99
ngha l ngy thuc phm vi thng 5/1999
- Gi s m s Xij c k t u i din cho khu vc (vi X l A, B, C...), i, j l hai
s ty . Khi iu kin thuc khu vc A l:
MSO
A*
- Nu iu kin khng thuc vo mt trng, v d ch c trng NgSinh (ngy
sinh), nhng yu cu tnh theo tui th thng chng ta phi to thm mt ct
trung gian (v d ct Tuoi) v lp iu kin theo ct mi to ny. Nhng cn ch
khi chn danh sch d liu tnh th phi bao gm lun c ct mi b sung ny,
nu khng Excel s bo li l tn cha c nh ngha.
Trong Excel cn c mt dng c bit c th cha cng thc ngay trong vng iu
kin.
33
BI 6
CC THAO TC TRN DANH SCH D LIU
Hu ht cc thao tc trn danh sch d liu ca Excel c thc hin thng qua
menu DATA. Bao gm cc chc nng nh:
- Sort
Sp xp d liu trong danh sch
- Filter
Lc thng tin trong danh sch v c th trch ra mt danh sch con vi
nhng iu kin xc nh
- Subtotal
To mt cch t ng cc dng tnh sum, min, max, avarage... trn d
liu tha iu kin ch nh.
- Form
Chuyn danh sch d liu thnh mt dng khc, cho php thao tc
nhanh hn trong mt s tnh hung.
- Pivot table To bng phn tch s liu t ng t danh sch.
6.1.Sp xp d liu ([DATA]\SORT)

Chc nng sp xp nhm mc ch t chc li bng d liu theo mt th t no
. Khi thc hin chc nng ny, bng d liu s b thay i nhng cc cng thc bn
trong s c t ng thay i cho ph hp. C hai loi th t: theo chiu tng
(Ascending) v theo chiu gim (Descending). Vic sp xp thng tin hnh theo
mt tiu chun ca mt ct no (c gi l trng kha) v c th chn nhiu
kha sp ng thi. Cc bc tin hnh trong Excel nh sau:
1. t con tr trong vng d liu ca danh sch, hoc chn vng d liu cn sp
2. Gi menu [Data] v chn chc nng Sort. Xut hin bng sp xp nh sau:
- sp d liu trong danh sch ta chn mt tn ct, nu trong mc My list has

(Trong danh sch c) c nh du () Header row (dng tiu ca ct) lm
kha s cp sp xp (nhp tn vo hp [Sort by], hoc chn t danh sch ri
xung); sau c th ty chn 1 hoc 2 ct lm kha th cp [Then by]. Trong
cc kha, nh du vo Ascending sp d liu theo chiu tng dn;
Descending sp gim dn. Nu cn, c th thm thng tin bng cch chn
[Options]: nh du vo [Case sensitive] phn bit ch hoathng; v chn
34
Hong V Lun
hng sp: t trn xung (Sort top to bottom) hoc t tri sang phi (Sort left to
right).
- D liu trc khi sp:
BNG THANH TON TIN CNG
STT
MSO
CVIEC
D-MUC
TH-HIEN
TIEN-CONG
THUONG
TONG
GCHU
XA
Sa cha
360000
36000
396000
YA
Bo tr
300000
300000
XB
Sa cha
800000
80000
880000
ZA
Thay th
1050000
1050000
ZB
Thay th
800000
800000
YB
Bo tr
910000
91000
1001000
XA
Sa cha
600000
60000
660000
YA
Bo tr
200000
20000
220000
XA
Sa cha
720000
720000
X
X
- D liu sau khi sp theo ct CVIEC tng dn v TONG gim dn

BNG THANH TON TIN CNG
STT
MSO
CVIEC
D-MUC
TH-HIEN
TIEN-CONG
YB
Bo tr
910000
YA
Bo tr
YA
Bo tr
XB
Sa cha
XA
THUONG
TONG
GCHU
91000
1001000
300000
300000
200000
20000
220000
800000
80000
880000
Sa cha
720000
720000
XA
Sa cha
600000
60000
660000
XA
Sa cha
360000
36000
396000
ZA
Thay th
1050000
1050000
ZB
Thay th
800000
800000
6.2.Lc d liu ([DATA]\FILTER)

Lc d liu nhm mc ch cho php xem hoc ly cc thng tin t bng d liu
m tha mn cc iu kin no . Trong Excel c hai phng php, l lc t ng
v lc nng cao. Ty vo mc ch s dng ta c th chn mt trong hai phng php
ny. Nhng ti mt thi im, ch c mt danh sch c php lc t ng.
u tin, chn vng d liu cn lc thng tin ra; sau chn menu [Data]\Filter.
Chc nng ny c cc ty chn sau:
1. Bt/tt lc t ng (AutoFilter)
Khi chn mc ny, bn phi cc trong danh sch s xut hin mt du dropdown [].
35
Trong mi du l mt danh sch cc nhn d liu c mt trong ct d liu v cc

t kha: All (chn ton b), Top 10 (hin 10 dng u), Custom (t iu chnh iu
kin lc)... V d, click vo [CVIEC] trn, v chn gi tr Bo tr th d liu s
c lc v ch hin ra cc hng tha iu kin lc CVIEC = Bo tr. Tin hnh
tng t vi cc ct khc ta s kt hp c cc iu kin cn thit ly thng tin
theo yu cu.
Trong trng hp iu kin lc phc tp (khng ng vi mt gi tr trong cc
nhn d liu), khi ta c th ty bin iu kin bng cch chn Custom sau khi nhn
vo v nhp iu kin vo hp sau:
Trong u tin, ta chn cc ton t quan h nh <, >, <=. >= ..., tip theo
bn phi ta nhp (hoc chn) gi tr theo yu cu. Khi iu kin c dng nh >= mt
gi tr v <= mt gi tr khc th ta tip tc chn ton t logic: And hoc Or to iu
kin dng kt hp v nhp thng tin vo 2 di. Lu , tng t khi s dng iu
kin ca cc hm c s d liu, y ta c th nhp thm cc du thay th ? (i din
1 k t) v * (i din mt dy k t ty ).
Sau khi lc, c th hy b s lc bng cch chn li [Data]\Filter\AutoFilter
(chc nng bt/tt) hoc chn [Data]\Filter\Show All (hin th tt c) cho hin
li ton b danh sch v tin hnh lc theo hng khc.
c im ca lc t ng l:
36
Hong V Lun
- Tin hnh lc ngay trong danh sch d liu. Kt qu sau lc c th c copy

sang mt vng khc. Tc lc nhanh, d thay i iu kin lc.
- Vng iu kin lc hn ch, khng tin hnh c vi mt s loi iu kin
phc tp. c bit ch cung cp ti a 2 biu thc i vi mt trng d liu.
khc phc iu ny, Excel cung cp mt kh nng b sung, l lc nng cao.
2. Lc nng cao (Advanced Filter)
Khi chn chc nng ny, s xut hin hp i thoi sau:
* mc Action (hnh ng) ta c 2 ty chn:

() Filter the list, in-place
lc danh sch v t ti ch (tng t AutoFilter)
() Copy to another location cho php copy d liu sau khi lc sang mt vng khc
* Trong hp [List range] (vng danh sch), ta chn vng d liu s lc, hoc nhp
tn ca danh sch d liu t trc .
* Hp [Criteria range] yu cu nhp vo vng iu kin iu khin qu trnh
lc. Vng iu kin ny tng t vng iu kin trong i s ca cc hm
database.
* Nu mc Copy to another location c nh du, th hp [Copy to] s c hiu lc
ta nhp vo tham chiu n u tin ca mt vng bng tnh s cha d
liu sau khi lc.
* nh du vo hp kim tra [ ] Unique records only iu khin vic lc s ch tc
ng ln nhng record hay mu tin n nht, khng trng nhau. Trong trng hp
hp ny trng th trong kt qu lc c php cha cc record c d liu trng
nhau.
Lu :
- Khi s dng chc nng lc d liu trch thng tin sang mt vng bng tnh
khc vi vng cha d liu (thng thng l khc sheet) th trc khi gi menu
Advanced Filter cn di chuyn n ng ti Sheet d nh s cha thng tin kt
qu. Khi nu danh sch d liu v vng iu kin cha c t tn v cn ch
ra trc tip, ta trc ht click mouse vo tn sheet cha danh sch, sau mi
dng mouse chn vng.
- Khi chn v tr (Copy to) s cha d liu, lu rng vng pha di v bn phi
ca v tr ny cn c ch trng ti thiu cha d liu kt qu, trong trng
hp khng vng trng cn thit th c th s ghi ln thng tin c trc
.
- Thng tin sau khi lc v copy n mt v tr mi ch cha cc kt qu ca cc
cng thc tnh ton, do khng th t ng thay i c. Khi d liu trong bn
37
gc c thay i th phi tin hnh lc ly kt qu mi cp nht s liu. Do ,

vic trch (lc) thng tin ch c tc dng ti thi im cn lp bo co.
- i vi vic lc v t ti ch (in-place) thng s dng kim tra, so snh
thng tin trong danh sch... Khi ny, cc hng khng tha iu kin lc s b che
du (hidden), ti hin li danh sch y , ta chn [Data]\Filter\Show All.
6.3.Thng k theo nhm ([DATA]\SUBTOTALS)

Trong mt danh sch, ta c th thng k s liu trn cc ct da trn gi tr cng
loi (cng ch ) ca mt ct d liu lm kha thng k. V d, trong danh sch gio
vin cn thng k tng lng, tng thng theo cc nhm gio vin; hoc trong danh
sch bn hng cn thng k lng hng bn c ca tng mt hng... thc hin
nhng yu cu ny, Excel cung cp mt cng c kh mnh, l chc nng SubTotal
trong menu DATA.
F Do phi thng k theo ch , nn trc khi s dng chc nng ny danh sch cn
phi c sp th t theo ch .
V d vi danh sch BNG THANH TON TIN CNG: ( sp th t theo
CVIEC)
STT
MSO
CVIEC
D-MUC
TH-HIEN
TIEN-CONG
YB
Bo tr
910000
YA
Bo tr
YA
Bo tr
XB
Sa cha
XA
7
1
THUONG
TONG
GCHU
91000
1001000
300000
300000
200000
20000
220000
800000
80000
880000
Sa cha
720000
720000
XA
Sa cha
600000
60000
660000
XA
Sa cha
360000
36000
396000
ZA
Thay th
1050000
1050000
ZB
Thay th
800000
800000
tnh tng tin thng v tng tin theo tn cng vic ta tin hnh cc bc sau:
Bc 1: Sp th t danh sch theo ct CVIEC
(kt qu th hin hnh trn)
Bc 2: Chn chc nng [DATA]\SUBTOTALS
38
Hong V Lun
* Thay th cc subtotals hin thi (nu

trc thc hin lnh ny)
* Ngt trang gia cc nhm
* t gi tr thng k bn di d liu
(nu chn) hoc t bn trn d liu
(nu khng nh du)
* Xa cc thng k to trc .
- mc [At each change in:] ta chn gi tr ca ct s dng lm ch khi thng

k
- mc [Use function:] ta chn loi hm s thc hin chc nng thng k.
- mc [Add subtotal to:] ta nh du vo cc ct s thc hin s thng k
Trong cc hp kim tra ta nh du vo chc nng ph hp.
Trong v d ny, ta chn hm SUM lm hm thng k, cc ct cn thng k l
THUE v TONG, ch l TEN; cho php thay th subtotal to trc v gi tr
thng k c t bn di d liu. Chn [OK] ta c kt qu sau:
Bn di cc nhm hng l cc nhn do Excel t ng to ra, ta c th sa i ty

. Ch bn tri c xut hin cc du hiu c bit - chnh l kh nng t ng
lp nhm (outline) ca Excel. m rng hoc thu hp cc nhm, ta click vo cc
du [+], [-] hoc chn cc mc 1, 2, 3 pha trn ca chng. Gi s nu ta ch cn s
liu tng qut v doanh s bn ca cc mt hng v s liu tng ton b, ta s chn s
2, khi danh sch thu hp li ch cn 4 hng (3 hng Total v 1 hng Grand Total).
Sau khi thng k, ta c th iu chnh hoc xa b bng cch chn li chc nng
ny v chn phng php ph hp (v d: chn [Remove All] xa subtotal).
39
6.4.S dng [Data]Forms

Danh sch d liu c t chc theo hng v ct, bnh thng ta lm vic vi ton
b danh sch. Trong trng hp cn lm vic vi tng hng (record) ta s gp kh
khn nu danh sch c nhiu trng. Excel cung cp mt dng thc c bit - l
Data Forms, chuyn dng nhp hoc xem thng tin theo tng hng, trong cc
trng (nhn ct) c b tr theo chiu dc. Trc khi dng chc nng Data Forms,
d liu ca bn cn c t chc theo kiu danh sch vi hng u tin cha cc nhn
m Excel s s dng lm tn trng (field) trong forms. Ti a Excel c th hin th
ng thi 32 trng.
Cc chc nng trong khi dng
Forms gm:
a. [New] thm mt record vo
cui danh sch (chn thm mt
hng)
b. [Delete] xa mt record
c. [Restore] phc hi ni dung
b sa i
d. [Find] tm kim
e. [Criteria] lp iu kin
i vi cc trng cng thc, Excel ch hin th nhng khng cho php thay i.
Khi thm mt record vo cui danh sch, Excel s t ng sao chp cng thc cc
trng ca record pha trn vo cc trng ny; cc trng cha d liu c nhp
bnh thng. Dng phm Tab v Shift-Tab di chuyn gia cc trng.
tm kim thng tin theo mt tiu chun no , trc ht ta dng nt Criteria
nhp iu kin vo cc trng, sau s dng cc nt tm trc (Find Prev) v k
tip (Find Next) di chuyn n v tr mong mun. iu kin tm kim y n
gin hn iu kin chc nng Filter, mi biu thc trng ch cha mt gi tr so
snh, ta nhp gi tr vi cc ton t so snh vo cc to biu thc tm.
6.5.Phn tch bng d liu [Data]Pivot Table

Pivot Table l mt chc nng mnh ca Excel, n cho php ngi s dng phn
tch vi mt s lng ln cc d liu mt cch nhanh chng. Ta c th xoay cc hng
v ct xem cc phn tch khc nhau ca ngun d liu, lc d liu bng cch hin
th cc trang hoc xem chi tit cc vng cn thit. Ta c th to bng phn tch t danh
sch d liu ca Excel hoc t mt ngun d liu bn ngoi Excel.
Ta s minh ha chc nng ny bng bng d liu lm v d sau:
40
STT
1
NBAN
05/06/99
TEN
BAP
2
3
07/06/99
09/06/99
BIA
BOT
SLUONG TGIA
324
1134000
454
656
6810000
3280000
THUE
11340
TONG
1145340
68100
32800
6878100
3312800
Hong V Lun
4
5
05/06/99
07/06/99
GAO
KEO
431
455
1293000
4550000
25860
91000
1318860
4641000
6
7
05/06/99
07/06/99
BAP
BIA
564
657
1974000
9855000
19740
98550
1993740
9953550
8
9
09/06/99
05/06/99
BOT
KEO
432
544
2160000
5440000
21600
108800
2181600
5548800
10
09/06/99
GAO
767
2301000
46020
2347020
Bc 1: Khai bo ngun d liu

Sau khi thc hin lnh Pivot Table... ta s khai bo ngun d liu s dng
phn tch, c nhiu ty chn nhng thng th ta chn mc u: () Microsoft Excel
list or database. Sau nhn Next sang bc 2.
Bc 2: Ch nh bng d liu
Nu trc cha chn bng th sau khi xut hin hp thoi, dng mouse chn
danh sch d liu cn phn tch. Nhn [Next] sang bc 3 ca Wizard.
Bc 3: Chn v tr cho cc trng cn phn tch

Bc ny quyt nh kiu phn tch s tin hnh trn bng d liu. Ty theo ,
ta s thit lp cc v tr thch hp cho cc trng, bao gm 4 v tr:
41
[PAGE] d liu t y thng l loi c phn nhm, danh sch d liu lm v

d ta s chn trng TEN a vo y. Khi phn tch ta c th chn All xem ton
b hoc ch chn tng nhm xem.
[COLUMN] v [ROW] chn cc trng s cung cp thng tin v ty b tr theo
ct (column) hay hng (row).
[DATA] l vng chnh ca bng, s liu cn quan tm nht s hin th v
c tnh ton t ng theo ty chn (bao gm tnh tng sum, min, max, average...)
tng t chc nng subtotal.
Sau khi hon tt chn Next chuyn sang bc 4.

Bc 4: Chn v tr t bng phn tch
bc ny c 2 ty chn, hoc ta s lu bng phn tch trong mt worksheet mi,
hoc l s t chung vi danh sch d liu. Nu chn mc 2: Existing worksheet, ta
cn nhp vo v tr s lu (tng t chc nng Copy to trong khi lc nng cao)
n y ta c th chn [Finish] hon tt vic to bng phn tch hoc chn

[Options...] b sung cc ty chn trc khi kt thc. Vi danh sch d liu trn,
ta c th to bng phn tch nh sau:
42
Hong V Lun
Cc ty chn ca bng phn tch:
Thm cc mc tm tt d liu (s dng cc hm trong subtotal: sum, min, max,

average...) cui cc ct hoc cui hng d liu v t ng to dng bng
43
iu chnh bng phn tch

- Sau khi to xong, ta c th iu
chnh, nh li dng ca bng phn
tch bi cc thao tc nh: thit lp
li cc ty chn nh trn; hoc b
sung, iu chnh v tr cc mc, xa
cc mc khng cn thit...
- Nhn D-click vo tn mt trng
s lm xut hin hp thay i cc
thuc tnh ca n, nh thay i v
tr ca trng...
44
Hong V Lun
BI 7
CC CHC NNG B SUNG
Phn ny nhm mc ch gii thiu mt s tnh nng b sung nhm nng cao hiu
qu khi s dng Excel. Mt s mc ch c tnh gii thiu lm c s tip tc t tm
hiu.
7.1.nh dng trang: [File] Page Setup

Trong mc ny c cc chc nng ging vi Word nh khai bo giy (Page), thit
lp cc l (Margins), to cc dng tiu u v chn trang (Header/Footer).
Ngoi ra, trong Excel c b sung mt tnh nng c th ca bng biu, l cho
php to ra cc hng lp li nh (Rows to repeat at top) v cc ct lp li bn tri
(Columns to repeat at left) khi sang trang mi. Ngha l c th to cc hng/ct thng
nht trn cc trang.
chn cc hng/ct s lp li khi sang trang, ta chn hp thch hp sau dng

mouse chn cc hng trong bng tnh.
Trong mt s tnh hung c th thit lp nt [] Gridlines in cc ng li ca
bng, ngc li tt chc nng ny khng in. Nu mun Excel t ng chuyn mu
sc ca bng sang dng en trng th chn nt [] Black and white. Ngoi ra, nu bng
tnh c nhiu trang th ta c th ch nh hng in: in xung ri sang phi (Down, then
over) hay ngc li (Over, then down).
45
7.2.Xem trc khi in: [File]Print Preview
Click vo nt
Margins bt/tt
cc du hiu t l
v chnh ct
Chc nng ny cho php kim tra bng tnh mt cch tng th trc khi quyt
nh in chnh thc. y, ta c th tin hnh nhiu php hiu chnh, nh: thay i l,
ct bng tnh c th va kht trn mt trang... Nhn ESC hoc [Close] kt thc
xem.
7.3.Chc nng in: [File]Print
Cc thng s in trong Excel hu ht u s dng theo chun ca Windows, nh

chn loi my in, c mun in ra file sau a i in mt my khc hay khng ([]
Print to file), chn khong trang s in (All: in ton b, From..To ch nh cc trang
s in)... Cc mc trong vng Print what (In ci g?) c cha mt s mc ring ca
Excel. Nu mun in ch mt vng bng tnh th chn vng ny trc khi thc hin
lnh in, sau nh du vo mc Selection. in bng tnh Sheet ang lm vic th
46
Hong V Lun
chn mc Active sheet(s) v chn mc Entire workbook in ton b file (gm tt c

cc sheet).
Ngoi ra c th chn s bn sao trn mt trang (Number of copies) v cch sp khi
in (Collate).
7.4.S dng tnh nng [Data]Group and Outline

Chc nng ny cho php qun l cc hng v ct theo nhm v c th to subtotal
mt cch t ng. u tin chn cc hng/ct, sau thc hin lnh group s nhm
cc hng/ct ny li vi nhau. Mun hy nhm, chn lnh Ungroup. Vic group lm
cho qu trnh x l bng tnh n gin hn, ng thi to ra kh nng du cc s liu
quan trng...
7.5.Qun l vng mn hnh lm vic

Chc nng [Window]Split nhm chia mn hnh thnh cc vng khc nhau, gip
cho vic xem xt, nhp d liu n gin hn, v n cho php di chuyn trong cc vng
khc nhau mt cch c lp. Sau khi phn chia, chn lnh Remove split xa vic
phn chia ny.
Chc nng [Window]Freeze panes cho php to mt vng c nh trong khi di

chuyn trong vng khc, thng s dng i vi cc bng c nhiu hng hoc nhiu ct.
Lnh Unfreeze panes hy lnh trc .
7.6.Du cc hng/ct
Khi chn mt nhm cc hng/ct v nhn phm phi ta c th thc hin nhanh
lnh Hide du cc hng/ct ny; ngc li, lnh Unhide dng hin li cc vng
che du.
ct B c du
7.7.nh dng c iu kin

Ngoi nhng nh dng thng thng, Excel cn cung cp mt kh nng nh
dng nng cao. ty theo nhng iu kin xc nh m hnh thc cc s c bin
i ph hp.
Menu s dng l:
47
- V d: nh dng cc trong ct TTHU vi iu kin gi tr ln hn 100000 th

khung vin bng nt t v ch trng, nn en:
+ T hp thoi nh dng c iu kin, ta chn kiu iu kin l: Cell Value Is,

trong hp php ton, ta chn so snh ln hn: greater than, trong hp gi tr ta
nhp s 100000. Chn nt lnh
c:
thc hin nh dng, nhn OK ta
Lnh ny cho php kt hp ng thi 3 iu kin (chn nt

iu kin)
Ngoi kiu xt iu kin theo gi tr
iu kin theo cng thc
thm
, cn c kiu cao cp hn: xt
7.8.Kim tra d liu khi nhp

Vi nhng d liu quan trng, khu kim tra d liu trong khi nhp rt l cn
thit. Hu ht cc chng trnh lm vic vi d liu u c trang b tnh nng ny.
Trong Excel, iu ny c thc hin qua menu [Data]\Validation
48
Hong V Lun
- Hp [Allow] cho php chn

kiu d liu, gi tr Any
value cho php nhp ty
nh khi cha t.
- Hp [Data] chn php ton.
Trong minh ha trn, iu kin l: nhp gi tr s (Decimal) trong khong

(between) nh nht (Minimum) l 0, ln nht (Maximum) l 100.
- Nu c li khi nhp, ni dung v kiu thng bo li c chn mc
Kiu (style) bo li l thng bo (Information); tiu (Title) thng bo l "D

liu sai", ni dung thng bo (Error message): "Cn nhp s trong khong 0..100".
Vi khai bo trn, khi nhp gi tr sai, s xut hin thng bo sau:
49
7.9.Bo v d liu
Ngoi vic kim tra d liu, Excel cn cung cp cc tnh nng bo mt d liu. C
nhiu cp bo mt: t bo v workbook n sheet v c ni dung tng (cell).
Ty theo mc ch, ta chn kiu bo v (Protection) ph hp. Trong cc kiu,

ngi s dng u nhp mt mt khu bo v v thit lp cc ty chn v quyn ca
ngi dng trn cc i tng c bo v.
50
Hong V Lun
HNG DN THC HNH MS-EXCEL

BI M U HNG DN THC HNH EXCEL
1. Khi ng Excel, quan st mn hnh, ghi nhn cc thnh phn ca chng trnh,
vng lm vic...
2. Thc hin cc thao tc c bn nh:
- Nhp v chnh sa d liu cc ty
- Di chuyn gia cc .
- Chn , ct, hng (mt v nhiu).
- Ct dn d liu.
- Chn ton b v xa.
3. K thut in dy s t ng:
- Ti A4 nhp s 1, chn A4 lm xut hin nt vung iu khin, nhn Ctrl
v ko nt iu khin sang phi n G4 th mouse, th Ctrl to ra dy s t
1 n 7. Sau ln lt ko cc t A4 n C4 (ko 3 ln) xung n cc hng
A13, B13, C13 to ra mt bng cc s. Nhn D-click vo nt iu khin ca
D4, E4 v quan st kt qu.
4. in cng thc t ng:
- Ti F5 nhp cng thc tnh tng cc B5:E5 nh sau: u tin nhp du =,
dng mouse ch vo B5, nhp du +, ch vo C5... cho n khi c:
= B5+C5+D5+E5, nhn Enter hon tt.
- Chn F5, ko nt iu khin xung n F13; sau chn li F5 v ko sang
G5, nhn D-click nt iu khin ca G5.
- So snh 2 thao tc trn. Ln lt chn cc F5, F6, F7... v quan st thanh
cng thc nhn thy s thay i t ng ca cng thc tnh. Tng t i
vi cc ct G.
5. K khung vin, t bng
- Chn cc t A4 n G13 to khung vin hai nt bn ngoi v 1 nt bn trong.
- Chn A4:G4 (hng u ca bng) v t mu ty .
Cui cng ta c kt qu nh sau:
51
Ngoi ra, ta c th thc hnh thm cc lnh nh: chnh sp cc ct (theo cc v tr

tri, gia, phi) v chnh ni dung ca mt ra gia ca khong cc (chn
khong s chnh gia, click vo biu tng )
ng bng tnh (nhn Ctrl-F4, hoc chn [File]Close) v m mt bng tnh mi
(New) thc hnh bi s 1.
BI S 1
Khi ng Excel, t mt Workbook mi hy to bng d liu sau v thc hin
tun t cc yu cu ca bi thc hnh.
STT
H TN
PHI NGY SINH
LCB
An
Nam
05/02/65
3.26
Thy
23/12/64
2.14
Hng
17/03/66
3.12
Hng
Nam
09/04/64
2.46
LNG CN LI
Cu 1 Nhp d liu (ct STT dng k thut in dy s t ng)

Cu 2 Chn mt dng trc ngi tn Hng v nhp thm d liu nh sau (iu chnh
ct STT cho ng):
3
Sn
Nam
02/11/65
2.56
Cu 3 Chn mt ct trc ct Cn li v nhp vo tn l Tm ng

Thc hin tnh ton cc ct nh sau:
Cu 4 Lng bng LCB nhn vi 144000
Cu 5 Tm ng bng 25% Lng
Cu 6 Cn li bng Lng tr Tm ng
Cu 7 Trang hong v lu bng tnh vi tn l BTAP1.XLS
Cu 8 Sau khi lu, ng v m li bng tnh kim tra, ng thi s dng cc lnh
to dng nh: i font, to khung vin, mu, chnh dng...; cc lnh sao chp,
ct dn d liu...
Kim tra li cc khi nim tham chiu tng i, tham chiu tuyt i v
dng phng php t tn cho khong cc t tn cho vng bng tnh trn.
Hng dn thc hnh:
1. Thng bt u to bng d liu t A3 tr i. Trong khi nhp ngy cn lu ,
nu nhp ngy ng dng th s t ng chnh phi, ngc li cn kim tra xem
ngy c dng mm/dd/yy hay dng dd/mm/yy nhp cho ng.
52
Hong V Lun
2. t con tr c STT l 3, nhn Mouse phi v chn Insert trong menu ri

xung sau chn tip Entire Row chn 1 hng (hoc chn hng bng cch
click vo s hiu hng sau dng lnh Insert chn).
3. Tng t cu 2, t con tr Tm ng, nhn mouse phi v chn Insert, sau
chn Entire Column chn 1 ct.
4. Nhp cng thc: = [LCB] * 144000, trong [LCB] l tham chiu n cha
LCB (dng Mouse ch vo cha gi tr LCB tng ng vi hng ang lp cng
thc, khng phi ch vo c tn l LCB)
5. Nhp cng thc: = [Lng] * 25%
6. Nhp cng thc: = [Lng] - [Tm ng]
Sau khi to c cng thc trong u tin, dng mouse ko nt iu khin ca
ny xung cc pha di t ng in cng thc trong cc cn li (hoc
nhn D-click nu c th). Ta c kt qu nh sau:
STT
H TN
An
PHI NGY SINH
LCB
LNG
TM NG
CN LI
Nam
05/02/65
3.26
469440
117360
352080
2
3
Thy
23/12/64
2.14
308160
77040
231120
Sn
Nam
02/11/65
2.56
368640
92160
276480
Hng
17/03/66
3.12
449280
112320
336960
Hng
Nam
09/04/64
2.46
354240
88560
265680
BI S 2a
S dng cc hm IF, SUM, MAX, MIN, AVERAGE, ROUND...
Bng tnh lng Thng 6 nm 2005
STT H tn
Cvu
Lng CB
Ngy cng
Lng
Tm ng
Thc nhn
Linh
TP
3.16
23
436080
145000
291080 ()
Vuong
NV
2.44
25
366000
122000
244000 ()
Thuy
PP
3.12
26
505440
150000
355440 ()
Yen
GD
5.46
29
1081080
150000
931080 ()
Tien
DV
2.56
30
537600
150000
387600 ()
Loi
PGD
3.92
15
352800
118000
234800 ()
Hung
NV
1.92
18
207360
69000
138360 ()
Tri
NV
3.24
19
369360
123000
246360 ()
Loan
TK
2.92
22
385440
128000
257440 ()
10
Nhung
DV
3.14
26
508680
150000
358680 ()
Tng cng
4749840
1305000
3444840 ()
Min =
138360
Average =
344484
Max =
931080
Cu 1 Nhp d liu (ct STT dng k thut in dy s t ng)

Cu 2 Tnh Lng = 6000 * Lng CB * Ngy cng
(Trong , nu ngy cng > 25 th t ngy 26 tr i mi ngy c tnh thnh 2
ngy, v d: nu ngy cng l 27 th s d ra l 2 ngy c tnh thnh 4 ngy,
do tng ngy s l 25+4)
Cu 3 Tm ng = 1/3 Lng (nhng ti a ch cho tm ng 150000)
Cu 4 Thc nhn = Lng - Tm ng
Cu 5 Tnh tng cng cc ct Lng, Tm ng, Thc nhn
53
Cu 6 Cho bit gi tr cao nht, thp nht, trung bnh ca Thc nhn
Cu 7 Lm trn ct Tm ng n ngn ng
Cu 8 nh dng cc ct tin theo dng tin () ng Vit Nam
Cu 9 Trang tr, lu bng tnh vi tn l BTAP2.XLS
Hng dn thc hnh:
1. Lu cc vng t xm l kt qu sau khi tnh ton, dng kim tra.
2. [Lng] = 6000 * [Lng CB] * IF([Ngy cng]<=25, [Ngy cng], 25 + ([Ngy
cng]-25)*2)
Cng thc trn c hiu l: Nu ngy cng khng ln hn 25 th tr li Ngy
cng, ngc li th ly 25 cng vi s Ngy cng c tnh gp i.
3. [Tm ng] = IF([Lng]/3 >150000, 150000, [Lng]/3)
Nu mt phn ba s lng khng vt qu 150000 th cho tm ng ng bn mt
phn ba lng, ngc li ch cho tm ng 150000.
5. S dng hm SUM, nhp cng thc = SUM( v dng mouse chn vng cn
tnh tng. Sau ko sang cc bn cnh to cng thc t ng cho cc tng
k tip.
6. Dng cc hm MAX, MIN v AVERAGE
7. Sa cng thc trong ct Tm ng thnh = ROUND([IF(....)], -3). Lu gi tr -3
dng lm trn n hng ngn (3 s 0). Sau khi sa xong, ko xung pha di
thay th.
8. Chn , dng menu [Format]\Cells v s dng nh dng: 0 (), hoc dng nh
dng #.##0 () to thm du phn cch nhm 3 s.
9. To khung vin, t bng. Dng tiu nhp ct A, sau dng mouse chn mt
vng ngang qua cc chnh tiu ra gia cc .
Chn Sheet2 v hon tt bi tp tng t s 2b (khng c phn hng dn).
54
Hong V Lun
BI S 2b
STT
TN
LOI SLNG GI1
GI2
THTIN THU
TCNG
Ton
20
3000
3200
60000
6000
66000
15
2500
2800
37500
3750
41250
Ha
10
4000
4500
45000
4500
49500
Sinh
2000
2300
10000
1000
11000
10
3500
3800
35000
3500
38500
25
2500
2600
65000
6500
71500
Vn
15
4500
4700
67500
6750
74250
Ting Vit
10
3000
3300
30000
3000
33000
Anh Vn
20
5000
5200
104000
10400
114400
10
Gio dc
15
4000
4300
60000
6000
66000
SUM
514000
51400
565400
MIN
10000
1000
11000
MAX
104000
10400
114400
AVERAGE
51400
5140
56540
Cu 1 Tnh thnh tin bng s lng nhn n gi ty thuc vo loi (nu loi 1 th
n gi 1, ngc li nu l loi 2 th tnh theo n gi 2)
Cu 2 Tnh Thu bng 10% ca Thnh tin
Cu 3 Tnh tng cng bng tng ca thnh tin vi thu
Cu 4 Tnh tng, gi tr ln nht, nh nht, trung bnh ca cc ct THTIN, THU v
TCNG.
BI S 3
S dng hm IF, rn luyn vic lp cc mnh logic lm iu kin; kh nng
lng nhau ca cc hm IF. Dng hm RANK sp th t (cch dng tham chiu
tuyt i).
BNG IM
SAP
HOTEN
KHOI
TOAN
VAN
NNGU
TONG
KQUA
XLOAI
THONG
10
36
DAU
GIOI
10
SI
15
ROT
SANG
26
DAU
KHA
DAN
23
ROT
TRI
30
DAU
KHA
KHA
29
DAU
KHA
TAM
20
DAU
TBINH
GIOI
33
DAU
GIOI
DAT
25
DAU
TBINH
YEU
20
ROT
Cu 1 Nhp d liu
Cu 2 Ct tng c tnh cn c vo KHOI: nu KHOI A th im TOAN nhn 2; KHOI D
im NNGU nhn 2; KHOI C im VAN nhn 2.
Cu 3 Ct KQUA c tnh nh sau: l U i vi TONG ln hn hoc bng 20, nhng
55
khng c im mn no di 3; ngc li KQUA s l RT

Cu 4 Ct XLOAI c tnh nu KQUA l U v cn c vo TONG:
- Loi GIOI nu TONG >= 32
- Loi KHA nu TONG t 26 n di 32
- Loi TRBINH i vi trng hp cn li
+ Nu KQUA l RT th nh du X vo v tr XLOAI
Cu 5 Ct SAP xp th t theo ct TONG vi im cao nht l 1.
Cu 6 Trang tr v lu bng tnh vi tn BTAP3.XLS
Hng dn thc hnh:
2. S dng hm IF, ta c cng thc sau:
IF([KHOI]="A",[TOAN]*2+[VAN]+[NNGU],IF([KHOI]=D,[TOAN]+[VAN]+
[NNGU]*2, [TOAN]+[VAN]*2+[NNGU]))
Lu rng, ty thuc vo KHOI quyt nh s nhn h s 2 i vi mn thch
hp. C 3 iu kin (A, B, C) nn c 2 hm IF lng nhau; nu c n iu kin th s
c n-1 hm IF lng nhau. Cc bi tp sau s s dng cc hm tm kim
HLOOKUP v VLOOKUP thay cho vic dng nhiu hm IF lng nhau.
3. iu kin u l: Tng im >= 20, v im ca tng mn > 2. Ta s dng IF
vi hm AND to biu thc iu kin:
IF(AND([TONG]>=20, [TOAN]>2, [VAN]>2, [NNGU]>2), "U", "RT")
4. V KQUA phi U, nn u tin cn kim tra KQUA, sau mi xt im
xp loi:
IF([KQUA]="U",
IF([TONG]>=32,
"GIOI",
IF([TONG]>=26,
"KHA","TRBINH")),"X")
Trong cng thc trn lu cch tnh cn ca cc gi tr.
5. Dng hm RANK sp th t. Theo yu cu sp theo th t gim (im cao
nht c th hng 1) nn phng thc sp bng 0, ta c:
[SAP] = RANK([TONG], danh_sch_im, 0)
Trong danh_sch_im l ct (gm 10 ) cha tng im (trong bi l t c
im 36 n cui c im 20; sau khi dng mouse chn cc xong, nhn F4 to
tham chiu tuyt i, nu khng th khi sao chp cng thc xung di s gy ra
li).
Trong cu ny, ngoi vic s dng hm RANK ta cn lu n cch dng ca
tham chiu tuyt i m hm RANK l mt trong s nhng hm thng dng kiu
tham chiu ny.
BI S 4a
Cc hm INT, MOD x l s nguyn; cc php ton trn d liu kiu ngy (hiu
ca 2 ngy), nh dng kiu ngy. Vn dng hm tm kim HLOOKUP tm mt
gi tr tham gia vo qu trnh tnh ton.
KHCH SN BCH LIN
MS LPH
56
NDEN
NDI
STU SNG
TTUAN
TNGAY
THTIEN
330,000
330,000
a1
06/12/95
06/15/95
a2
06/12/95
06/15/95
225,000
225,000
a3
06/12/95
06/21/95
500,000
150,000
650,000
Hong V Lun
a4
06/12/95
06/25/95
600,000
540,000
1,140,000
a5
06/12/95
06/28/95
1,200,000
180,000
1,380,000
a6
06/17/95
06/29/95
500,000
375,000
875,000
a7
07/01/95
07/03/95
220,000
220,000
a8
07/02/95
07/09/95
700,000
700,000
a9
07/25/95
08/10/95
1,000,000
150,000
1,150,000
a10
07/26/95
08/12/95
1,200,000
270,000
1,470,000
5,700,000 2,440,000
8,140,000
Tng cng:
Loi phng
n gi tin tun
700000
600000
500000
n gi tin ngy
110000
90000
75000
Lu : Trong bng d liu trn, STU, SNG l s tun v s ngy lu tr ca

khch. TTUAN, TNGAY l tin tr theo tun v theo ngy (v khch sn gim gi
i vi khch thu phng ng k theo tun).
Cu 1 T gi tr ngy n v ngy i hy tnh s tun (STU) v s ngy (SNG) lu tr
(v d: 12 ngy th tnh l 1 tun v 5 ngy).
Cu 2 Da vo bng gi tin theo tng loi A, B, C cho trn, hy tnh s tin theo tun
v theo ngy ca cc khch tr
Cu 3 Tnh TTIEN bng tng ca tin tun v tin ngy; tnh tng cng cho cc ct
TTUAN, TNGAY v TTIEN
Cu 4 nh dng cho cc ct ngy i v ngy n theo dng nm c 4 ch s (v d
1995) v nh dng cho cc ct tin c dng #,## .
Cu 5 Trang tr v lu vi tn BTAP4.XLS
Hng dn thc hnh:
1. Mt tun gm 7 ngy; do s tun bng phn nguyn ca s ngy lu tr chia
cho 7. S ngy sau khi tnh tun s l phn d ca php chia 7. Ta c cng thc
tnh nh sau:
[STU] = INT(([NDI]-[NDEN])/7)
[SNG] = MOD([NDI]-[NDEN], 7)
2. bit n gi (theo loi phng) ta d tm trong bng gi, v v bng gi b tr s
liu theo chiu ngang nn ta dng hm HLOOKUP. Khi n gi tin tun
hng th 2 v n gi tin ngy hng th 3 ca bng tm. Ta c:
[TTUAN] = [STU] * HLOOKUP([LPH], bng_tm, 2, 0)
[TNGAY] = [SNG] * HLOOKUP([LPH], bng_tm, 3, 0)
- Trong , bng_tm l khong gm 9 (c khung t m) t c gi tr A n
c cha 75000. Dng mouse chn 9 ny, sau nhn F4 to tham chiu
tuyt i.
- C th t tn cho vng 9 ca bng n gi (v d Table4) khi trong cng
thc ta ch cn nhp tn Table4 v tr ca bng_tm.
Sau khi ghi xong, copy ni dung Sheet1 sang Sheet2 v sa li d liu bng tm
thnh bng dc v dng VLOOKUP lm li cu 2. ( copy sheet, c th chn
tn Sheet dng cha tn cc Sheet v nhn Ctrl+Drag ko sang bn cnh
copy).
57
BI S 4b
S dng hm tm kim VLOOKUP
MSO
TEN
SLUONG
TTIEN
GCHU
DOS
40
4800000
WORD
20
2800000
EXCEL
35
4550000
DOS
25
3000000
EXCEL
35
4550000
WORD
15
2100000
EXCEL
40
5200000
WORD
25
3500000
DOS
45
5400000
M s
Tn
n gi
DOS
120000
WORD
140000
EXCEL
130000
X
X
X
Cu 1 Chn Sheet3 ca BTAP4 nhp d liu.

Cu 2 Cn c vo bng cha tn v n gi ca m s in thng tin vo ct TEN
Cu 3 Tnh TTIEN bng s lng nhn n gi ty thuc vo loi, v to dng vi
n v tin l $ (dng #,##0 $)
Cu 4 Ct GCHU nh du X nu TTIEN ln hn 4000000, ngc li trng
(Lu chui trng l chui c dng )
Cu 5 Trang tr v ghi li nhng thay i va to ra Sheet3.
58
Hong V Lun
BI S 5a
S dng cc hm chui (LEFT, RIGHT, MID...) trch ra cc k t dng trong
cc hm tm kim.
BO CO DOANH THU
STT
MAH
TEN
SLG
XL0
Xng
50
225,000
DS1
Du
35
NS3
Nht
60
DL0
Du
XS2
XL1
VCHUYEN
TONG
225,000
105,000
630
105,630
600,000
12,600
612,600
35
122,500
122,500
Xng
70
280,000
2,800
282,800
Xng
50
225,000
1,125
226,125
DL3
Du
40
140,000
2,520
142,520
NL2
Nht
30
330,000
4,620
334,620
NS0
Nht
70
700,000
700,000
10
XS3
Xng
65
260,000
3,900
263,900
2,987,500
28,195
3,015,695
TONG CONG
TTIEN
Trong , k t u ca m hng (MAH) i din cho mt hng (TEN); k t th

hai i din cho gi s (S) hay l (L); k t cui l khu vc. (0, 1, 2 v 3). Mi
quan h c cho trong bng sau:
M
Tn
Gi s
Gi l
Khu vc 1
Khu vc 2
Khu vc 3
Xng
4000
4500
0.50%
1.00%
1.50%
Du
3000
3500
0.60%
1.20%
1.80%
Nht
10000
11000
0.70%
1.40%
2.10%
Cu 1 Cn c vo k t u ca MAH v bng d liu trn in tn thch hp vo

ct TEN.
Cu 2 Tnh thnh tin (TTIEN) bng s lng (SLG) nhn n gi; trong n gi ty
thuc vo gi s hay l.
Cu 3 Tnh tin vn chuyn (VCHUYEN) vi iu kin: nu khu vc 0 th min tin vn
chuyn, cc khu vc khc tnh theo gi tr % ca ct thnh tin tng ng vi
tng khu vc cho trong bng.
Cu 4 Tnh tng (TONG) bng thnh tin cng chuyn ch v tnh tng cng cc ct
TTIEN, VCHUYEN, TONG. Sau nh dng cho cc ct biu din gi tin theo dng
#,##0 .
Hng dn thc hnh:
i vi cc bng d liu dng tm thng tin ta nn gn tn d thao tc v x
l. Gi s ta t tn cho bng tm l Table5.
1. ly k t u ca MAH, ta dng hm LEFT. V bng tm b tr theo ct nn ta
dng hm VLOOKUP, ct 2 cha gi tr tn loi hng. Ta c:
VLOOKUP(LEFT([MAH]), TABLE5, 2, 0)
2. V c hai loi gi ty thuc vo k t th hai ca MAH, nn ta phi dng IF
xc nh v tr ct cha gi thch hp, nu gi s th ct 3 cha n gi, ngc li
s l ct 4. Dng hm MID ly cc k t gia chui. Ta c cng thc tnh
nh sau:
59
[TTIEN] = [SLG] * VLOOKUP(LEFT([MAH), TABLE5,

IF(MID([MAH),2,1) = "S", 3, 4), 0)
3. Dng hm IF kim tra iu kin khu vc l 0 hay <> 0; sau dng VLOOKUP
tnh % tng ng vi tng khu vc v nhn vi TTIEN. Lu , nu KV=1 th
ct tr li l 5, KV=2 th ct l 6, KV=3 th ct l 7 KV+4 = s hiu ct s tr
li. Do ta c cng thc:
IF(RIGHT[MAH]="0", 0, VLOOKUP(LEFT([MAH]), TABLE5,
RIGHT([MAH])+4, 0) * [TTIEN])
Biu thc: RIGHT([MAH])+4 xc nh gi tr ca ct tr li tng ng vi tng
khu vc. Nu khng nhn xt nh trn, ta phi dng 2 hm IF lng nhau xc
nh v tr ca ct cn ly: If(kv=1, 5, if(kv=2, 6, 7))
Sau khi hon tt v ghi file, chn Sheet2 v thc hnh bi tng t 5b:
BI S 5b
BO CO DOANH THU
SAP MSO VATTU NGNHAP SLNHAP TGNHAP SLXUAT TGXUAT GHICHU
A1
02/06/99
15
15
C2
04/06/99
20
15
B1
05/06/99
30
25
C1
08/06/99
10
10
A2
15/06/99
25
20
A1
17/06/99
30
25
C2
25/06/99
35
30
B1
27/06/99
20
20
B2
30/06/99
25
20
Trong , MSO gm 2 k t, k t u ch tn vt t (A, B, C) k t cui ch loi

(1, 2). Bng di y cho bit n gi nhp, xut ca tng vt t ng vi cc loi
1 v 2:
MSO
VATTU
GNHAP1
GNHAP2
GXUAT1
GXUAT2
XANG
3000
3500
4000
4500
DAU
2000
2500
3000
3500
NHOT
10000
10500
11000
15000
Cu 1 Cn c vo MSO in tn vt t vo ct VATTU
Cu 2 Tnh tng tin nhp (TGNHAP) ca cc loi bng s lng nhn n gi nhp ty
thuc vo loi.
Tng t hy tnh tng tin xut (TGXUAT)
Cu 3 ct ghi ch nh du X nu xut ht s lng nhp.
Cu 4 Ct SAP ghi th t ca cc hng tng ng theo TGXUAT vi gi tr cao l 1 (sp
theo chiu gim).
BI S 6
To biu bng Chart Wizard. Tham chiu tuyt i.
PHIU THEO DI TIN GI TIT KIM
Lai suat
60
1.10%
Hong V Lun
So tien
Them bot
Cong tien
Thang
Dau thang
Lai
Cuoi thang
cuoi thang
cuoi thang
20000000
220000
20220000
500000
20720000
20720000
2000000
-300000
-500000
200000
1000000
600000
-200000
-500000
10
1000000
Tng s tin c c sau 12 thng
Cu 1 Tnh tin Li = S tin u thng * Li sut

Cu 2 S tin cui thng = S tin u thng + Li
Cu 3 Cng tin cui thng = Cui thng + Thm bt cui thng
Cu 4 S tin u thng sau = Cng tin cui thng ca thng trc
Cu 5 Tnh s tin s c c sau 12 thng
Cu 6 Lp biu minh ha s tin c c ca u cc thng
Hng dn thc hnh:
1. Lu rng, sao chp cng thc ng th tham chiu n Lai suat cn phi t
l tham chiu tuyt i.
Sau khi tnh xong cc u tin, sao chp cng thc xung pha di v lu
ch khi sao chp cui ca bng th s liu mi c in vo y .
5. Trong bi ch c d liu ca 10 thng. tnh n 12 thng, ta xem phn thm bt
cui thng bng 0, v tnh theo cng thc:
Gi s tng sau 10 thng l x. Khi ta c
Tng sau 12 thng = (x + x*Lai suat) + (x + x*Lai suat)*Lai suat
Vi Lai suat y l cha gi tr 1,1%.
6. V biu
Bc 1
Chn vng d liu: bao gm ct Thng v ct Dau thang
Bc 2
Chn biu tng ChartWizard, con tr c dng du +
(V mt vng trn bng tnh t biu )
Bc 3
Cung cp thng tin cn thit sau chn [Finish] kt thc.
Tin hnh theo cc bc hng dn trong phn l thuyt
Biu c dng:
61
30000000
25000000
20000000
15000000
10000000
5000000
0
10
Sau khi to c biu , chn tng phn t trong biu chnh sa v xem
kt qu hiu thm v cc thnh phn trong mt biu .
BI S 7a
To bng d liu, s dng cc hm c s d liu (DSUM, DAVERAGE...), t
chc cc vng iu kin.
NH MY NC HU
STT
KHHANG
KVUC
METK
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
VAN
HOANG
VO
TRAN
LE
BUI
VU
NGUYEN
BUI
LE
A
B
C
B
C
A
A
C
B
B
45
65
23
14
78
93
90
24
56
78
TTIEN
58500
91000
34500
19600
117000
120900
117000
36000
78400
109200
Khu vc
A
B
C
Ph thu
0
100
150
n gi
1300
1400
1500
PTHU
0
6500
3450
1400
11700
0
0
3600
5600
7800
TTHU
58500
97500
37950
21000
128700
120900
117000
39600
84000
117000
[bng_tm]
Cu 1 Tnh Thnh tin = Mt khi * n gi (ty thuc khu vc)

Cu 2 Tnh Tng thu = Thnh tin + Ph thu (theo khu vc)
Cu 3 Tnh tng tiu th ln nht, nh nht v trung bnh ca s mt khi tiu th
ca tng khu vc v ghi kt qu vo bng sau:
Khu Vc
Tng
296400
319500
206250
Ln nht
120900
117000
128700
B nht
58500
21000
37950
Trung bnh
98800
79875
68750
Cu 4 V th minh ha cho bng cu 3

Cu 5 Trang tr v lu file vi tn BTAP7.XLS
Hng dn thc hnh:
1. Dng Vlookup tnh n gi ca tng khu vc sau nhn vi s mt khi, ta
c: (ct 3 ca bng tm cha n gi)
[TTIEN]=[METK] * VLOOKUP([KVUC], [Bang_Tm], 3, 0)
62
Hong V Lun
2. Tng t trn, vi ct 2 ca bng tm cha ph thu ta c:

[TTHU]=[TTIEN] + VLOOKUP([KVUC], [Bang_Tm], 2, 0)
3. Dng cc hm c s d liu DSUM, DMIN, DMAX, DAVERAGE vi cc iu
kin v khu vc c t chc nh sau:
KVUC
KVUC
KVUC
Lu rng, cc nhn tham gia trong iu kin phi chnh xc nh nhn ct trong
bng d liu, thng ta dng chc nng copy sao chp cc nhn ct trnh sai
st.
Gi s bng d liu c gn tn l DATA7a, ta c cng thc tnh tng tiu th
ca khu vc A l: DSUM(DATA7a, TTHU, [kA]), vi [kA] l hai KVUC
v A vng iu kin trn. Tng t i vi cng thc cc cn li.
- Trong thc hnh, ta sao chp cc cng thc sang cc bn cnh, sau sa li
cho chnh xc.
4. th:
400000
A
300000
200000
100000
0
Tong
Lon nhat
Be nhat
Trung binh
63
BI TP 7b
Vn dng cc hm c s d liu c kt hp cc hm chui. n tp cc hm tm
kim (Thc hnh tip trong Sheet2 ca bi 7a)
DANH SCH LNG THNG 06 NM 2005
SO
MASO
HOTEN
PHAI
CHVU TOVH
LGCB
PHCAP
NGCONG
AFD8
Hng
460
23
CFC1
Thanh
310
24
CMT5
Sn
330
23
BMC7
Hong
430
25
CMT3
Tm
320
24
CFT3
Lan
320
22
CFC6
Mai
360
26
CFT4
Thy
350
23
CMD2
Hng
310
20
CMC9
Tnh
380
23
MaxL=
MinL=
THUONG
CGLUONG
AveL=
cho trn gm 4 k t MS1, MS2, MS3 v MS4, k t u l chc v, th hai l

phi, th ba l trnh vn ha v k t cui l s nm cng tc, vi cc gi tr
nh sau:
MASO
MS1 Chc v
MS2
Phi
MS3
Trnh vn ha
TP
i hc
PP
Nam
Cao ng
NV
Trung cp
MS4
Nm cng tc
Cu 1 Cn c vo MASO chn thng tin vo cc ct PHAI, CHVU, TOVH

Cu 2 Tnh PHCAP = PCCV+THNIEM, vi THNIEM = NAMCT * 6000 v PCCV c tnh nh sau:
Cu 3 Tnh
CHVU
PCCV
TP
40000
PP
25000
NV
10000
THUONG.
Bit: Nu NGCONG>=25, THUONG = 120.000; nu 23<=NGCONG<25,

THUONG=70.000; cn li THUONG=20.000
Cu 4 Tnh CGLUONG = LGCB*1200 + PHCAP + THUONG
Cu 5 Tnh Lng cao nht
MaxL
Lng thp nht
MinL
Lng trung bnh AveL
Cu 6 Ct SO c nh s theo CGLUONG vi mc cao nht l 1
Cu 7 Tnh tng PHCAP, THUONG v CGLUONG theo PHAI v lu vo Sheet3, theo mu sau:
Phi
Ph cp
Thng
Cng lng
Nam
Cu 8 Trang tr v ghi li cc thay i

64
Hong V Lun

1.
2.
3.
5.
7.
Hng dn thc hnh:

Dng Vlookup v cc hm chui ly thng tin.
Dng Vlookup ly ph cp chc v tng ng vi chc v.
Dng 2 hm IF lng nhau.
Dng cc hm Max, Min v Average
To vng iu kin theo phi, to bng bo co trong Sheet3 v dng DSUM tnh.
BI S 8
Cc thao tc c bn trn danh sch d liu: SORT, FILTER
Danh sch hc vin c cp hc bng - Nm hc 2004-2005
STT
HOTEN
NGSINH
NOISINH
TRBINH
HBONG
MADIEM Tuoi
TUAN
05/15/80
HUE
4.2
A01
19
VIET
02/13/75
Q.BINH
7.5
50000
B03
24
ANH
11/11/78
HUE
6.7
50000
C04
21
HUNG
10/12/76
DA NANG
8.3
50000
A03
23
HOA
04/01/82
HA TINH
8.7
150000
C02
17
THUAN
12/18/78
NGHE AN
4.0
B01
21
VAN
01/01/81
DA NANG
4.2
B05
18
SON
09/09/77
HUE
5.5
50000
A02
22
BINH
10/10/79
HA TINH
8.3
100000
C01
20
Cu 1 Nhp bng d liu trong Sheet1 v nhp danh sch im sau trong Sheet2:
M im
im c s
Chuyn mn
Ngoi ng
C01
9.0
8.0
8.0
B05
7.0
2.5
3.0
B01
2.0
4.5
5.5
A02
5.5
6.5
4.5
C02
9.0
8.5
8.5
A03
8.5
9.0
7.5
C04
9.0
2.5
8.5
B03
6.0
7.5
9.0
A01
4.5
6.0
2.0
Cu 2 Cn c vo MADIEM v bng m im trn tnh im trung bnh (TRBINH)

Cu 3 Tnh hc bng (HBONG) theo cc iu kin sau:
- nu TRBINH >=8.5 v tui <=18 th hc bng l: 150000
- nu TRBINH >=8.0 v tui <=20 th hc bng l: 100000
- nu 5.0 <=TRBINH < 8.0 v tui >20 th hc bng l: 50000
- ngoi ra khng c hc bng.
Cu 4 Trch ra nhng bng tnh khc (lu vo Sheet3):
- nhng hc vin c mc hc bng 150000
- nhng hc vin khng c hc bng.
Cu 5 Trch ra nhng bng tnh khc (lu vo Sheet3) nhng hc vin trong cc
65
tui sau:
- t 16 n 18
- 19 hoc 20
- trn 20 tui.
Cu 7 Thc hin cc thao tc sp th t theo HOTEN, NGSINH, TRBINH... sau mi ln sp
hy quan st s thay i (c th nhn Undo v Redo)
Hng dn thc hnh:
2. tnh im trung bnh cn phi bit 3 ct im, do dng hm AVERAGE vi
3 ln dng VLOOKUP, mi ln ch thay i ct tr li gi tr:
Average(Vlookup(...,...,2,0), Vlookup(...,...,3,0), Vlookup(...,...,4,0))
Ngoi ra, Excel cn c 2 hm cho php ly mt khong cc m khng phi dng
nhiu ln cc hm VLOOKUP; l hm OFFSET v MATCH. Hm OFFSET c
5 i s nh sau:
- OFFSET(v tr gc, di ng, di ngang, s hng, s ct kt qu)
Vi ngha: tnh t v tr gc, di ln trn (m)/di xung di (dng), di sang
tri (m)/di sang phi (dng) bao nhiu ; v khong cn tr li s cha bao
nhiu hng, bao nhiu ct.
- Hm MATCH gn ging cc hm tm kim nhng khng tr li gi tr tm m ch
tr li v tr (th t) ca gi tr tm thy trong khong tm.
MATCH(gi tr tm, khong tm, phng thc)
T hai hm trn ta c cch gii khc tnh im trung bnh nh sau:
= AVERAGE(OFFSET(v tr gc, MATCH(m im, bng m, 0), 0, 1, 3))
trong : v tr gc c chn l cha gi tr [im c s]; m im l s hiu
m im ca tng ngi; bng m l danh sch ton b m im cn tm. Hm
Match c nhim v tnh di xung khi tm thy m im trong danh sch;
di ngang l 0 (v cc s ly c u tin cng ct vi v tr gc); s cn ly l
1 hng v 3 ct.
3. Trong iu kin tnh hc bng c s dng gi tr tui, nhng trong bng d liu
khng c gi tr ny, do ta s to thm mt ct trung gian tnh tui (nhm
n gin ha iu kin) v tui c tnh bi hiu ca nm hin thi vi nm
sinh, ta c:
[TUOI] = YEAR(NOW())-YEAR([NGSINH])
khi , gi s E6 l cha im trung bnh, ta c cng thc sau:
IF(AND(E6>=8.5, [TUOI]<=18), 150000,
IF(AND(E6>=8, [TUOI]<=20, 10000,
IF(AND(E6>=5, [TUOI]>20), 50000, 0)))
4. lc v ghi kt qu ta dng chc nng lc nng cao (Advanced Filter) vi cc
vng iu kin v hc bng nh sau:
HBONG
HBONG
HBONG
HBONG
150000
100000
50000
Lu , sau khi to vng iu kin Sheet3, ta t con tr mt trng trc khi

s dng lnh lc.
5. Tng t, s dng lc nng cao vi cc iu kin lc nh sau:
Tuoi
Tuoi
Tuoi
Tuoi
>=16
<=18
19
>20
20
66
Hong V Lun
7. Trc ht chn tn trng cn sp (v d, chn trng HOTEN), sau mi s dng

lnh [DATA]SORT. Sau mi ln sp, nn thay i mt s yu t hiu r v
chc nng ny.
BI S 9
Cc thao tc c bn trn danh sch d liu: SORT, FILTER, SUBTOTAL...
BNG BN HNG
MAH
NBAN
TEN
SLUONG
12/12/97
BAP
324
12/12/97
BIA
454
14/12/97
BOT
656
11/01/98
GAO
431
20/01/98
KEO
455
25/01/98
BAP
564
01/02/98
BIA
657
11/02/98
BOT
432
05/02/98
KEO
544
10
12/03/98
GAO
767
TGIA
THUE
Tng tr gi cc mt hng bn trong thng 2/1998
TONG
???
Cu 1 Tnh tr gi (TGIA) bng s lng (SLUONG) nhn n gi (DGIA), vi n gi v

thu c cho bng sau:
Tn
n gi
Thu
BAP
3500
1%
BIA
15000
1%
GAO
3000
2%
KEO
10000
2%
BOT
5000
1%
Cu 2 Tnh thu (THUE) theo s liu trn v ch rng nu tr gi di 100000 ng

th khng thu thu. Sau tnh tng cng (TONG) bng tr gi cng vi thu
Cu 3 Trch ra danh sch cc mt hng BAP, GAO, BOT v lu vo Sheet2.
Cu 4 Tnh tng cc ct TGIA, THUE v tng s ln bn theo tng loi mt hng v lu
vo bng sau Sheet3:
Tn
S ln bn
Tng tr gi
Tng thu
BAP
BIA
GAO
KEO
BOT
Cu 5 Dng kt qu cu 4 v th so snh tng tr gi ca tng loi mt hng

Cu 6 Trch ra hai bng tnh bn hng ng vi 2 nm: 1997 v 1998
Cu 7 Tnh tng tr gi cc mt hng bn trong thng 2/1998
Cu 8 Sp th t (Sort) bng theo ct TEN vi chiu gim dn (Descending)
Cu 9 Dng SubTotal tnh tng cc ct SLUONG, TGIA, TONG. Sau thay tng bng
cc hm khc nh Min, Max, Average...
Trang tr v lu vi tn BTAP9.XLS
67
Hng dn thc hnh:

2. V c iu kin nn khi tnh thu ta cn phi xt xem tr gi ln hn hay nh hn
100000, do c cng thc sau:
IF([TGIA]<100000, 0, [TGIA]*VLOOKUP(...))
3. Lp vng iu kin dng hoc (OR) lc.
4. tnh tng s ln bn ta dng DCOUNTA, cc gi tr khc th dng DSUM.
i vi php tnh tng theo iu kin, ngoi hm DSUM Excel cn cung cp mt
hm tng ng, l SUMIF
C php: SUMIF(khong_s_tnh, iu_kin, khong tht s s tnh)
Trong , khong_s_tnh tham chiu n khong cc s tham gia tnh tng;
iu_kin thng c dng biu thc so snh; ring khong tht s s tnh l ty
chn, nhng nu a vo th tng kt qu s tnh trong vng ny.
* V d: xt bng s liu sau:
A
BAP
BAP
BIA
BAP
BAP
BIA
BAP
GAO
BIA
6.
7.
Khi cng thc: SUMIF(A1:A5,"BAP",B1:B5) s c gi tr l 12; tng ng

vi vic dng hm DSUM vi iu kin tn hng l BAP.
Tng t ta c: SUMIF(C1:F1,"BAP",C2:F2) = 16
Th dng SUMIF gii li cu 4 trn.
Cng dng vi SUMIF l hm COUNTIF(khong , iu kin) dng m s
cc trong khong hp vi iu kin.
Lp vng iu kin t ngy 01/01/1997 n 31/12/1997 (nm 1997) v tng t
tnh nm 1998.
Lp vng iu kin c dng ngy bn ln hn hoc bng ngy 01/02/1998 v nh
hn ngy 01/03/1998 (trong khong thng 2)
Ngoi phng php dng mt khong ngy nh trn, ta cn c th s dng dng
cng thc trong vng iu kin tnh. V d, i vi cu 6 c th lp iu kin
dng =YEAR( u tin cha d liu ngy)=1997 (lu trong cng thc trn c
hai du =) v nhn tn trng cn phi b trng.
Tng t, iu kin trong cu 7 s l =MONTH( cha ngy)=2.
BI S 10
Bi tp tng hp - dng thi
BNG GHI TN, GHI IM
im chun =
TT SBD
A00
68
HOTEN
TEN TRUONG BAN DVAN
AI
A11
BINH
A20
CHAU
DTOAN
17
TONG KETQUA
Hong V Lun
B31
ANH
B42
BAO
C50
DUNG
C61
HANH
C71
HUONG
D82
DUONG
D90
PHUOC
M trng
Tn trng
QUOC HOC
HAI BA TRUNG
NGUYEN HUE
GIA HOI
K t u ca SBD l m trng
k t cui ca SBD l im u tin.
Cu 1 Cn c vo k t u ca SBD in thng tin vo TEN TRUONG

Cu 2 Cn c vo SBD in DVAN v DTOAN (theo bng im Sheet2)
Cu 3 Tnh TONG theo cc yu cu sau:
* Nu ban A hoc B th im Ton h s 2
* Nu ban C th im Vn h s 2
* Cng thm im u tin
Cu 4 Tnh KETQUA: u nu TONG ln hn hoc bng im chun ngc li l Rt
Cu 5 Lc ra cc danh sch v ghi vo Sheet3 nhng ngi:
a) C kt qu Rt
b) C kt qu u v tng im ln hn 23
Cu 6 Lp bo co theo mu sau:
Hc sinh trng
im trung bnh
S hc sinh u
QUOC HOC
HAI BA TRUNG
NGUYEN HUE
GIA HOI
Cu 7 Ct TT nh s theo ct TONG vi gi tr cao nht l 1

Bng im (Lu trong Sheet2)
SBD
DTOAN
DVAN
D90
D82
C71
C61
C50
B42
B31
A20
A11
A00
Ghi bi thc hnh vi tn BTAP10.XLS
69
BI S 11
Cc bi tp b sung. S dng hm SumProduct gii bi ton tnh im trung
bnh cc mn theo cc h s ty .
SUMPRODUCT(mng_1, mng_2, ...)
- Hm SumProduct tnh tng cc tch mt cch tng ng t cc phn t ca mng
1 vi mng 2... cho n ti a 32 mng c php s dng - cc mng ny phi c
cng s chiu.
Lu : hm PRODUCT(so1, so2,...) thc hin php nhn lin tip cc so1, so2, ...
vi nhau. V d: Product(2,4,5) = 2*4*5 = 40.
70
Hong V Lun
BNG GHI IM
TT
HTEN
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
TRBINH
AN
6.8
BINH
7.5
SON
8.1
VAN
7.3
TUAN
5.5
LAN
4.9
HOA
5.9
QUANG
4.3
VINH
8.8
10
THANH
8.5
Vi h s cc mn M1 n M5 c cho trong bng sau:

Mn
M1
M2
M3
M4
M5
H s
Cu 1 Cn c vo h s, tnh im trung bnh (TRBINH).

Gi im trung bnh c tnh bng cch ly tng im cc mn c nhn h s sau
chia cho tng s cc h s ( trn l bng 2+1+3+4+2=12). Cng thc c dng:
SUMPRODUCT(im, he_so)/SUM(he_so)
Trong im tham chiu n cc cha im ca tng hc sinh; he_so l
vng cha thng tin v h s.
Hy tnh hung c mt s hc sinh c min mt s mn hc ( im

trng) th cng thc c cn ng khng? R rng trong tnh hung ny, php
chia cho ton b tng ca cc h s s lm cho im trung bnh b thp xung.
Thay vo ta phi xt xem mn no c min gim i h s ca mn .
S dng hm SumIf ta c th khc phc tnh hung ny:
SUMPRODUCT(im, he_so)/SUMIF(im, >=0, he_so)
Hm SumIf lc ny c nhim v tnh tng cc h s tng ng vi cc mn hc

c im ln hn hoc bng 0, do s khng tnh nhng mn min hc (c gi
tr rng)
Cu 2 S dng hm SumProduct vi cc gi tr b tr theo ct
Tn hng
S lng
Gi_1
Gi_2
A12
20
3000
4000
C21
30
1000
3000
E23
25
2000
4000
D32
50
4000
5000
Tng cng (s_lng gi) =
Gi s cn tnh tng cng ton b cc mt hng trn theo n gi loi 1 m

khng phi tnh tng tng mt hng, ta s dng hm SumProduct nh sau:
SumProduct(so_luong, don_gia_1) s cho kt qu: 340000. Tng t tnh tng
theo n gi loi 2.
BI S 12
S dng cng c Solver gii cc bi ton c bit.
71
Trong Excel c b sung mt s cng c mnh gii cc bi ton nh: tm

nghim ca h phng trnh, gii bi ton ti u... l Solver (trong menu Tools).
Trong phn ny ch gii thiu mt s v d minh ha chc nng ny.
Bi 1. Gii h phng trnh sau:
3x + 4y - 3z = 5
4x - 2y + 6z = 40
x + 4y + 8z = 78
Bc 1. Lp m hnh bi ton (theo mu di y)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
A
Bin
Nghim (tm)
B
x
1
C
y
1
D
z
1
H s
phng trnh 1
phng trnh 2
phng trnh 3
a
3
4
1
b
4
-2
4
c
-3
6
8
Gi tr tm
Mc tiu
4
5
8
40
13
78
- Cc B2:D2 s cha nghim ca h, u tin ta cho tt c bng 1 (v gi l

nghim tm) v s dng Solver yu cu tnh ra nghim tht s.
- Cc B5:D7 cha h s ca cc phng trnh
- Cc B10:D10 cha gi tr v phi ca cc phng trnh
- Cc B9:D9 l cc gi tr trung gian tng ng vi cc nghim tm ca h; c
tnh bng cch thay b nghim tm vo v tri ca cc phng trnh (tng cc
tch), do y ta dng hm SumProduct tnh. Cng thc B9 s l:
[B9] = SumProduct(B5:D5, $B$2:$D$2) = 4
(tng t vi cc [C9] v [D9])
Bc 2. Cung cp thng tin cho Solver
Sau khi lp xong m hnh, chn [B9] lm mc tiu, v gi lnh [Tools]Solver, ta
c:
- Trong hp [By Changing Cells] ta dng mouse chn vng lu kt qu (nghim)

l B2:D2 (Excel s t ng thm kiu tham chiu tuyt i)
72
Hong V Lun
- Trong vng [Subjects to the Constraints] ta nhp cc rng buc dng lm mc tiu
ca li gii. i vi vic gii h phng trnh, mc tiu cn t c l cc gi tr
tm phi bng vi cc gi tr thc c (v phi ca cc phng trnh). trc ta
dng B9 lm ch, vy cn li 2 gi tr phi t c. Ta chn Add v khai bo
ng thc cn li lm mc tiu trong hp:
S dng nt Add thm cc rng buc, sau khi hon tt chn [OK] quay v
hp Solver Parameters
Bc 3. Thc hin lnh v kt thc
Sau khi hon tt cc khai bo, ta chn nt [Solve] Excel t ng tnh v thng
bo kt qu;
Nu ng vi li gii th chn nt Keep Solver Solution, nu khng th phc hi

cc gi tr gc Restore Orginal Values v chn OK hon tt.
Cui cng, ta c kt qu nh sau:
A
Bin
Nghim
...
...
...
...
Gi tr
40
78
10
Mc tiu
40
78
Lu rng gi tr cc B2:D2 v B9:D9 thay i.

Tm li, s dng Solver i hi cc yu cu sau:
- Phi cung cp y cc tham s trong hp thoi. c bit cn lu rng ch (Set
Target Cell) cn phi cha cng thc c lin quan n vng nghim, nu khng Excel s
bo li.
- Ch ra vng m Excel s tc ng v lu kt qu, y thng bt u vi cc gi tr 1
l gi tr tm thi Excel c khi im tnh ton.
- Cung cp y cc rng buc dng lm mc tiu tnh ton.
Bi tp tng t. Gii h phng trnh sau

3x + 4y - 3z - t = 26
4x - 2y + 6z - 7t = 10
{nghim l:
73
x + 4y + 8z - 6t = 12
(x=8; y=3; z=2; t=4) }
2x - 9y + 5z + 3t = 11
Bi 2. Xt bi ton tm cc i li nhun nh sau: Mt nh my sn xut 3 sn phm
(sph_a, sph_b v sph_c) vi tin li tng ng trn 1 n v sn phm l 75, 35
v 50. Cc sn phm ny i hi mt s linh kin (6 loi) vi tng quan gia
chng c cho bi bng v trong bng cn cho bit s lng cc linh kin tn
kho. Hy lp k hoch sn xut sao cho li nhun thu c l ln nht.
Dng Solver, ta lp m hnh bi ton nh sau:
A
1
2
Mc tiu sn xut ->
SPh_a
SPh_b
SPh_c
100
100
100
Linh kin
Tn kho
Yu cu
Lk_1
700
400
Lk_2
850
500
Lk_3
380
300
Lk_4
500
400
Lk_5
650
400
Lk_6
450
200
10
75
35
50
11
Li nhun
Tin li/sp
7500
3500
5000
12
Tng li nhun
16000
Trong m hnh trn, c cc cha cng thc nh sau:

- Cc t C4 n C9 cha hm SumProduct($D$2:$F$2,D4:F4)...
- Tnh li nhun bng tin li mt sn phm nhn vi s sn phm
- Tng li nhun bng tng cng cc li nhun ca cc sn phm.
Trong hp thoi Solver Parameters ta khai bo nh sau:
- Chn D12 lm ch v gi tr mc tiu l Max; cc lu kt qu l D2:F2 (vi
cc gi tr khi u l 100) v cc rng buc nh sau:
Sau khi chn Solve, ta c nghim l 107, 105 v 181 vi Tng li nhun l
20750.
Bi tp tng t. Hy thay i cc tham s v gii li bi ton trn. Hy tm mt
bi ton tng t, (v d lp lch sn xut sao cho chi ph thp nht) sau lp m
hnh v gii.
74
Hong V Lun

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TRNG I HC S PHM HU

1.1. Gii thiu - Cc chc nng chnh ca Excel.........................................................................................6

LM VIC VI BNG TNH..................................................................................................12

CC HM THNG DNG TRONG EXCEL.....................................................................18

TO BIU - CHART WIZARD.........................................................................................25

C S D LIU TRONG EXCEL..........................................................................................30

CC THAO TC TRN DANH SCH D LIU.................................................................34

CC CHC NNG B SUNG..................................................................................................45

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4

1.2.Khi ng v kt thc Excel

+ T nt Start : [START]\Programs\(Microsoft Office)\Microsoft Office Excel

+ Hoc khi ng t biu tng Excel trong ca s Windows Explorer

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4

1.3.Cc thnh phn v khi nim c bn

Ca s chnh ca Excel l vng mn hnh cha chng trnh Excel khi n c

3. T chc bng tnh (sheet) trong Excel

Trong : 5, 4 l cc hng; A6, B2:B4 l cc tham chiu ; SUM l tn hm;

3. Nhn Enter xc nhn vic t tn cho cc ang chn.

- Lu n dng cui, tham chiu n khong E7:E9 c Excel t ng

(b1. Chn cc cn t tn b2. Click vo hp tn v nhp tn b3. Nhn Enter)

- Xa tn gn sai: dng menu [Insert]\Name\Define...

Trong hp [Define Name], ta chn tn cn xa v chn nt [Delete].

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4

- Dng biu tng lnh trong thanh cng c

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4

to dng mt hoc nhiu , u tin ta chn chng, sau dng menu

tri lp sang cc bn cnh. Ngoi ra cn cho php quay vn bn theo cc gc

2.2.S dng menu FILE

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4

Ghi workbook ang lm vic ra file. Ton b Sheet c trong

2.3.S dng hm (function) trong cng thc

Trong hp thoi Function Wizard c hai bng, bn tri l ch cc hm, bn phi

Trong qu trnh nhp ni dung, tham chiu n cc ta c th dng mouse

- V tip l thng bo khng th kt thc Excel:

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4

T cc cng thc v s liu cho trn, ta c cc kt qu sau:

* V d: Gi s ti A3 cha thng tin v trnh vn ha. Khi cng thc:

3.3.Cc hm chui (string), vn bn (text)

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4

Ton t ni chui & ly hai i s kiu k t text1 v text2 to thnh chui mi

3.4.Cc hm ngy, gi (Date & Time)

Gi s C7 cha ngy sinh, khi cng thc:

3.5.Cc hm tm kim v tham chiu (Lookup & Reference)

bng trn, cc gi tr cn tm A, B, C tri ra theo phng ngang hng s 1; cc

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4

4.1.Cc thnh phn ca biu

4.2.S dng Chart Wizard

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4

V vng d liu chn bc 1, nn ta chn [Next] sang bc k tip (chn

V d, kiu Column c cc dng nh:

Bc 5: Cung cp cc thng tin b sung, nh:

4.3.Hiu chnh, to dng biu

* Bc 2: Ch nh ngun d liu s s dng trong Chart

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4

Sau khi nhn Finish ta c kt qu sau:

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4

5.2.Hng dn to danh sch trong Excel

C ngha l LNG >= 350000 v (AND) LNG <= 500000

TIN HC NG DNG - MICROSOFT EXCEL - BI 4

6.1.Sp xp d liu ([DATA]\SORT)

- sp d liu trong danh sch ta chn mt tn ct, nu trong mc My list has

- D liu sau khi sp theo ct CVIEC tng dn v TONG gim dn