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2. c im.
3. Ch th. 4. Hnh thc. 5. Ni dung. 6. Mu hp ng mua bn ti sn. II/. Nhng vn thc tin.
1.1.5. Hp ng mua bn ti sn
- Ti sn: bao gm vt, tin, giy t c gi v cc quyn ti sn (iu 163 BLDS quy nh). - Quyn ti sn: l quyn tr gi c bng tin v c th chuyn giao trong giao dch dn s, k c quyn s hu tr tu (iu 181 BLDS quy nh). - Mua bn ti sn: L hot ng thng mi, theo bn bn c ngha v giao hng, chuyn quyn s hu hng ha cho bn mua v nhn thanh ton; bn mua c ngha v thanh ton cho bn bn, nhn hng v quyn s hu hng ho theo tha thun (Theo iu 3 - Lut Thng mi 2005).
- Hp ng dn s: L s tha thun gia cc bn v vic xc lp, thay i hay chm dt quyn. Ngha v dn s (iu 388 BLDS quy nh). - Hp ng mua bn ti sn: Hp ng mua bn ti sn l s tha thun gia cc bn, theo bn bn c ngha v chuyn giao ti sn v quyn s hu ti sn cho bn mua v nhn tin bn ti sn, cn bn mua c ngha v nhn ti sn mua v tr tin cho bn bn theo thi hn, s lng v phng thc cc bn tha thun.
T hp tc.
1.4.1. Trng hp php lut khng quy nh loi hp ng phi c th hin bng mt hnh thc nht nh, th c th c giao kt bng li ni, vn bn, hoc bng hnh vi c th ca cc bn. Vn bn hp ng c th do cc bn tho thun lp hoc c th lp theo mu. Ph lc hp ng cng c coi l mt trong nhng hnh thc ca hp ng v c hiu lc nh hp ng.
1.4.2. Trng hp php lut quy nh loi hp ng phi c thc hin bng mt hnh thc nht nh nh: vn bn c cng chng hoc chng thc, phi ng k hoc xin php th phi tun theo quy nh .
ng tin tnh gi
iu khon phng thc thanh ton a im thanh ton Thi hn thanh ton iu kin m bo hi oi
- Thi hn thc hin hp ng mua bn do cc bn tho thun. Bn bn phi giao ti sn cho bn mua ng thi hn tho thun; bn bn ch c giao ti sn trc hoc sau thi hn nu c bn mua ng . - Khi cc bn khng tho thun thi hn giao ti sn th bn mua c quyn yu cu bn bn giao ti sn v bn bn cng c quyn yu cu bn mua nhn ti sn bt c lc no, nhng phi bo trc cho nhau mt thi gian hp l. - Khi cc bn khng c tho thun v thi hn thanh ton th bn mua phi thanh ton ngay khi nhn ti sn. (iu 432 BLDS ).
1.5.6. Phng thc giao ti sn. Ti sn c giao theo phng thc do cc bn tho thun; nu khng c tho thun v phng thc giao ti sn th ti sn do bn bn giao mt ln, giao trc tip cho bn mua. (Theo iu 434 BLDS).
1.5.7.1. Bn bn
1.5.7.2. Bn mua
1.5.7.1. Bn bn
L ngi c ti sn em bn Bn bn l ch s hu ti sn hoc l ngi c y quyn bn. Bn bn cn c th l ngi i din hp php theo quy nh ca php lut. Bn bn c quyn yu cu bn mua tr tin nh tha thun khi giao kt hp ng.
1.5.7.1. Bn bn
Ngha v ca bn bn: Bn bn c ngha v giao ti sn cho bn mua ng k hn, ng phng thc v a im nh cc bn tha thun hoc do php lut quy nh. Trng hp cc bn khng tha thun v php lut khng quy nh v chi ph vn chuyn v chi ph lin quan n vic chuyn quyn s hu th bn bn phi chu cc chi ph . Trng hp ti sn bn c khuyt tt hoc cht lng khng tt m bn bn thng bo cho bn mua bit th ti sn em bn c coi l cht lng bo m.
1.5.7.1. Bn bn
Ngha v ca bn bn:
Bn bn phi m bo cht lng ca ti sn em bn. Nu ti sn khng ng cht lng nh tha thun hoc do php lut quy nh th bn bn phi i ti sn khc cng loi cho bn mua, phi sa cha hoc gim gi bn. Nu ti sn bn l vt c nh, bn bn phi giao ng vt .
Bn bn c ngha v m bo quyn s hu cho bn mua l phi c y cc giy t v nh , ti sn phi ng k quyn s hu m php lut quy nh.
1.5.7.1. Bn bn
Ngha v ca bn bn: Bn bn c ngha v cung cp cho bn mua thng tin cn thit v ti sn mua bn v hng dn cch s dng ti sn ; nu bn bn khng thc hin
Nu bn mua tr tin mua ti sn nhng cha nhn vt do bn bn giao vt khng ng b th c tr li i vi s tin tr theo li sut n qu hn do Ngn hng nh nc quy nh v yu cu bn bn phi bi thng thit hi do giao vt khng ng b k t thi im phi thc hin hp ng cho ti khi vt c chuyn giao ng b.(iu 436BLDS). Nu bn bn giao vt khng ng chng loi bn mua c quyn nhn v thanh ton theo gi do cc bn tha thun hoc yu cu bn bn giao vt ng chng loi v bi thng thit hi hoc bn mua c quyn hy b hp ng v yu cu bi thng thit hi( iu 437BLDS).
Lut Thng mi 2005 quy nh: Pht vi phm l vic bn b vi phm yu cu bn vi phm tr mt khon tin pht do vi phm hp ng nu trong hp ng c tho thun. Theo quy nh trn th ch th c quyn i pht vi phm l bn b vi phm, ch th c ngha v l bn vi phm, khch th trong quan h ny m cc bn hng n l mt khon tin pht vi phm. Theo BLDS 2005 th khon tin pht do cc bn t tha thun vi nhau nhng theo Lut Thng Mi 2005 quy nh mc pht khng qu 8% gi tr phn ngha v hp ng b vi phm.
Ngy 27/7/2006, ca hng H.Quang giao hng, hai bn lp bin bn xc nh c 3/8 mt hng quan trng nht v c gi tr nht theo hp ng c xut x t Trung Quc, Thi Lan. Pha ngi bn ngh ngi mua chp nhn s dng hng giao, cam kt bo hnh bo m hot ng tt nh hng ho tho thun v ng chi thm 500 USD v l do hng khng ng ngun gc xut x. Pha ngi mua nhn thit b s dng v nhn 500 USD do ngi bn chuyn n.
Sau hn mt thng s dng, thit b hot ng khng tt nn cng ty P.Lm c vn bn khiu ni ti bn bn hng yu cu nhn li hng ho v bi thng khon tin cng ty P.Lm phi i thu my ca n v khc s dng. Ngy 01/11/2006, cng ty P.Lm khi kin v n, ngh To n buc ca hng H.Quang thc hin yu cu nu trn, c th l buc ca hng H.Quang nhn li hng bn v thanh ton tr 190.366.000 ng v nhng thit hi kinh t do cng ty P.Lm phi thu thit b t ngy 28/9/2006 n khi xt x l 300.000 ng/ngy (tng ng 42.750.000 ng).
Ch ca hng H.Quang khng co, ngh To n cp phc thm buc bn mua phi nhn my v khng chp nhn quyt nh buc ca hng H.Quang phi tr 48.258.080 ng tin chnh lch gi my do sai xut x. Bn n kinh doanh thng mi phc thm s 1511/2007/KDTM-PT ca To n nhn dn thnh ph H x: Khng chp nhn yu cu ca cng ty P.Lm i ca hng H.Quang nhn li my bn, thanh ton s tin l 233.116.000 ng pht sinh trong hp ng kinh t ngy 19/5/2006 v ph lc hp ng ngy 27/6/2006, gm gi tr hng ho mua l 190.366.000 ng v pht vi phm hp ng l 42.750.000 ng.
Nh vy, ta thy l t khi hai bn lp bin bn xc nh li ca bn bn hng n khi khi kin, cng ty P.Lm c yu cu bn bn sa cha, khc phc cht lng hng nhn l ph hp quy nh ti khon 2 v khon 3 iu 40, khon 2 iu 41, iu 49 Lut Thng mi; khon 2 iu 437, khon 1 iu 444, khon 3 iu 447 B lut Dn s. Trong v n ny, pha ngi bn c li chuyn 3/8 mt hng cng loi nhng khng ng xut x, pha ngi mua chp nhn nhn thit b, my mc a vo s dng vi iu kin ngi bn phi sa cha, khc phc sai st v tnh cht ca hng ho. Khi ca hng H.Quang khng khc phc c vi phm (hng ho sai xut x) th cng ty P.Lm c quyn tr li vt ly li tin, ph hp quy nh ti iu 49 Lut Thng mi, khon 3 iu 447 B lut Dn s.
Cng ty P.Lm khai phi thu my mc thay th my mua s dng v xut trnh ti liu chng minh thit hi (theo hp ng k vi n v khc). y l thit hi thc t, mc d trong hp ng khng c quy nh mc bi thng thit hi, song cn c khon 2 iu 307 B lut Dn s th cng ty P.Lm c quyn yu cu ca hng H.Quang khc phc vi phm (sa cha my mc c cht lng tng ng hng t mua) v bi thng thit hi (tin thu my). Do , theo chng ti Vin kim st nhn dn ti cao cn khng ngh theo th tc gim c thm To n xt x buc ca hng H.Quang c trch nhim tr khon tin chnh lch v thit b mua sai xut x cho cng ty P.Lm v bi thng khon tin thu thit b m bn mua chi ph nhm khc phc thit hi bng khon tin thu thit b k kt vi n v khc trong thi gian ch ca hng H.Quang sa cha, thay th thit b c tnh cht ng tiu chun giao kt trong hp ng.