VIN PHT TRIN BN VNG VNG NAM B (SISD)

TRUNG TM T VN V PHT TRIN (CRCD)

BO CO TNG HP

KHO ST C BN V TNH HNH

NC V V SINH MI TRNG
TI 6 HUYN CA TNH BNH NH

Nm 2010

DANH MC CC T VIT TT

UBND

: y ban nhn dn

NS&VSMT : Nc sch v v sinh mi trng

TNHH

: Trch nhim hu hn

PVS

: Phng vn su

TLN

: Tho lun nhm

MC LC
A. GII THIU ............................................................................................................6
B. PHNG PHP NGHIN CU.............................................................................7
I.

CC TIP CN NGHIN CU..................................................................................7

II. PHNG PHP THU THP V X L THNG TIN..............................................7

1. Chn mu nh lng .................................................................................................7
2. Chn mu nh tnh .....................................................................................................8
3. Thu thp thng tin th cp .........................................................................................9
C. KT QU NGHIN CU........................................................................................9
PHN I. I VI C QUAN NH NC V CUNG NG DCH V.......................9
I. C QUAN QUN L NH NC V MI TRNG..........................................9
1. Cc th ch v quan h gia cc th ch qun l nh nc v mi
trng ............................................................................................................................9
2. Ngun nhn lc ca cc c quan qun l nh nc v mi trng ............12
3. Cng tc kim tra, gim st v nc sch v v sinh mi trng................12
4. Cng tc lu tr v bo co nh k ..................................................................14
5. Cng tc tp hun v truyn thng.....................................................................16
6. S tham gia ca cc t chc, on th .............................................................17
7. Kt qu thc hin cc ch s c bn v mi trng nm 2009 .....................18
8. Cng tc quy hoch ............................................................................................22
9. Nhn xt chung v cng tc qun l nh nc i vi NS&VSMT...............23
II. Thc trng ca cc d n cung cp nc tp trung, x l rc thi, nc
thi v v sinh mi trng ti vng d n .................................................................25
1. i vi lnh vc cung cp nc tp trung .........................................................25
2. i vi lnh vc x l rc......................................................................................29
3. i vi lnh vc nc thi....................................................................................31
PHN II. I VI H GIA NH ....................................................................................32
I. M T NGI TR LI V H TRONG MU KHO ST ..............................32
1. c im ngi tr li ..........................................................................................32
2. c im h gia nh ............................................................................................33
II. NC SINH HOT...................................................................................................35
1. Thc trng ngun nc sinh hot hin nay ca cc h dn c ....................36

1.1. Thc trng ngun nc hin nay ca cc h dn khng dng

nc my ................................................................................................................36
1.2. Thc trng ngun nc hin nay ca cc h c nc my...................37
2. Cht lng nc phn theo mc ch s dng ...............................................38
2.1. Cht lng nc ung..................................................................................38
2.2. Cht lng nc nu n ..............................................................................39
2.3. Cht lng nc tm ra.............................................................................39
3. Cht lng nc phn theo ngun cung cp...................................................41
3.1. Cht lng nc ging o .........................................................................41
3.2. Cht lng nc ging khoan.....................................................................42
3.3. Cht lng nc my ...................................................................................45
4. Tip cn ngun nc v phng tin tr nc...............................................46
5. Cc bin php x l nc trc khi dng.........................................................47
6. Mc nc s dng ca h gia nh ...................................................................49
7. nh gi dch v cung cp nc my cho h gia nh ...................................49
8. Nhn thc ca ngi dn v l do khng s dng nc my ......................53
9. Nhn thc ca ngi dn nhng ni cha c nc my ..........................53
III. RC V V SINH MI TRNG .........................................................................55
1. Thc trng thu gom v x l rc thi, nc thi v v sinh mi trng
ca cc h dn c......................................................................................................55
1.1. Tnh hnh x l rc thi ca cc h dn c................................................55
1.2. Tnh hnh x l nc thi ca cc h dn c............................................56
1.3. Cc vn khc v v sinh mi trng ca cc h dn c...................57
2. Nhn thc ca ngi dn v vic thu gom, x l rc, nc thi v v
sinh mi trng, dch bnh.......................................................................................58
2.1. nh gi ca ngi dn v tnh hnh rc thi, nc thi v v
sinh mi trng ni chung....................................................................................58
2.2. nh gi nh hng ca rc, nc thi v v sinh mi trng i
vi sc khe phn theo 6 huyn, 12 x. ............................................................60
3. nh gi s cn thit v vic s dng cc dch v thu gom rc v
mc sn sng tham gia ca cc h dn c .....................................................60
3.1. S cn thit ca dch v thu gom rc..........................................................60
3.2. Mc sn sng tham gia dch v thu gom rc ca ngi dn ............61
4. nh gi dch v thu gom rc thi hin c ti vng kho st......................62
4.1. Cc dch v thu gom rc hin c ti a phng.......................................62
4.2. nh gi ca ngi dn trong vng kho st v cc dch v hin
c ..............................................................................................................................63

5. Cng tc truyn thng v nng cao nhn thc ca ngi dn v v

sinh mi trng ..........................................................................................................65
5.1. Thc trng cng tc truyn thng ti cc a bn kho st ....................65
5.2. Mt s xut v cng tc tuyn truyn, vn ng .................................66
PHN III: CC XUT CHNH SCH........................................................................68
I. I VI VN CUNG CP V S DNG NC SCH .............................68
1. xut i vi c quan qun l nh nc v cc t chc x hi ................68
1.1. Nng cao thc ngi dn trong vic bo v ngun nc v s
dng nc hp v sinh. ........................................................................................68
1.2. Cn c c ch thng nht vic pht trin cc cng trnh cp nc
tp trung nng thn trn a bn tnh, thun li trong qu trnh qun
l, vn hnh cng trnh cng nh vic lng ghp cc ngun vn c
hiu qu. ..................................................................................................................68
1.3. Ban hnh cc chnh sch h tr, khuyn khch ngi dn nng
thn, h ngho, vng ng bo dn tc s dng nc hp v sinh .............69
2. xut i vi cc nh cung cp dch v nc sch.....................................70
2.1. Trc khi trin khai d n cung cp dch v nc sch cn c s
tham kho kin ca ngi dn v cc ch bo c bn. ................................70
2.2. Trong qu trnh thc hin v qun l d n, cn c s kim tra
cht ch v thng xuyn ci thin, nng cao cht lng nc cung
cp............................................................................................................................70
II. I VI VN RC V THU GOM RC THI, X L NC THI.........71
1. Nng cao thc ca ngi dn trong vic gi gn v sinh mi trng
thng qua m hnh thnh lp cc nhm t qun trong khu vc.........................71
2. y mnh cng tc truyn thng, gi gn v sinh chung nhm thay i
hnh vi ca ngi dn. .............................................................................................72
3. u t, h tr cho cc n v dch v thu gom rc nhm ci tin cht
lng dch v thu gom rc thi ................................................................................73
4. u t vo h thng x l nc thi sinh hot, chn nui v sn xut: ......74
III. MT S CHNH SCH THC Y NGI DN S DNG NC
SCH V V SINH MI TRNG............................................................................74
1. Chnh sch ngn hn ............................................................................................74
2. Chnh sch di hn................................................................................................74
PH LC

A.

GII THIU

Bnh nh l mt trong nhng a phng ngho v c mt dn s cao. Mc d iu

kin kinh t v c s h tng nng thn c ci thin ng k trong nhng nm
qua, i sng ca ngi dn vn cn nhiu kh khn v ang i mt vi nhiu thch
thc ngy cng tng ln v mi trng. Nc sch, x l cht thi rn, nc thi l
nhng vn chnh v mi trng nng thn m chnh quyn v ngi dn ang rt
quan tm hin nay. Vi 6 huyn trong vng kho st th tr Ty Sn l huyn trung du,
cc huyn cn li (Hoi Nhn, Ph M, Ph Ct, Tuy Phc, v An Nhn) u l nhng
huyn ng bng v huyn ven bin. Do vy, ngun nc b nhim phn hoc nhim
mn l kh ph bin. Mt khc, vic s dng ba bi cc ngun nc ngm, v s
nhim bn ngun nc t sn xut nng nghip, chn nui, v cht thi sinh hot ca
dn c vi mt ngy cng cao l nhng tc nhn chnh lm cho mi trng b
nhim, nh hng trc tip n sinh hot v sc khe ca ngi dn.
Mc ch chnh ca cuc kho st ny l:
1. M t nh lng v tnh trng hin nay ca vng d n lin quan n:
o Cc vn nc sinh hot, rc thi, nc thi, v v sinh mi trng;
o Mc cung ng dch v nc sinh hot v v sinh mi trng hin nay;
o Mc nhn thc v cc vn lin quan n nc sinh hot v v sinh mi
trng;
o Kh nng v s sn sng ca ngi dn trong vic chi tr cho cc dch v nc
sinh hot v v sinh mi trng c ci thin.
2. M t nng lc ca cc c quan nh nc v cc t chc cung ng dch v, gm c
cc t chc t nhn, trong cng tc thc thi chng trnh, d n cng nh cng tc
vn hnh v bo dng c s h tng ca d n.
3. Xy dng cc ch s c bn cho tng kt qu d kin ca khung logic lm c s
sau ny so snh vi cc thnh tu m d n t c, bao gm cc ch s i vi
cc c quan ph trch v quy hoch, thit k, thc thi cc h thng cp nc nng
thn v cc h thng qun l rc thi rn c tng cng; v cc ch s v nng
cao nhn thc trong vic s dng nc n ung an ton v bo v ngun nc cng
nh vic bo v mi trng thng qua vic thu gom v x l cht thi rn.
Bo co tng hp bao gm 4 hp phn chnh. Trc ht, bo co s trnh by phng
php nghin cu, bao gm c cc cch tip cn, phng php thu thp v phn tch d
liu. Tip n, bo co s phn tch thc trng cc d n cung cp nc sch tp trung,
thu gom rc, bi rc, v cc d n v sinh mi trng khc, cc c quan qun l nh

nc v cc t chc cung ng dch v lin quan n cc lnh vc trn. Trong phn ny,
mt s lnh vc lin quan n cng tc k hoch, thc thi, gim st, theo di d n, lu
tr d liu, cc chng trnh tp hun v s dng cc tin b k thut s c tm hiu.
Phn tip n trnh by cc c im ca h gia nh, thc trng s dng cc ngun
nc, x l rc, v cc lnh vc v sinh mi trng khc, nhn thc ca ngi dn v
cc vn trn, kh nng v mc sn sng s dng cc dch v cung cp nc sch
tp trung v thu gom cht thi rn c tng cng trong tng lai. Da trn cc kt
qu phn tch trn, phn cui cng s xut cc chnh sch v nc v v sinh mi
trng.

B. PHNG PHP NGHIN CU

I. CC TIP CN NGHIN CU
Cuc kho st c tin hnh t nhiu hng tip cn khc nhau. Cch tip cn u
tin v quan trng nht l t cc bn c lin quan, gm: Bn th hng: h gia nh; Bn
cung ng: cc cng trnh cp nc, thu gom rc v v sinh mi trng; Bn qun l nh
nc: cc c quan qun l nh nc; Bn h tr: cc t chc on th, t chc x hi,
cng ng. Cch tip cn tip theo l thu thp thng tin t cc ngun khc nhau, gm:
Bn hi nh lng v tho lun nhm h gia nh; Bn thu thp thng tin cc c quan,
t chc v phng vn su cc c nhn c vai tr quan trng; Cc bo co, t liu th
cp; v Cc quan st thc a. Cui cng, cuc kho st c tip cn t nhiu cp,
theo chiu dc v theo chiu ngang: c nhn, cng ng, x, huyn, tnh, v cc t chc
ng cp tng ng.
II. PHNG PHP THU THP V X L THNG TIN
1. Chn mu nh lng
Yu cu ca cng tc chn mu l (1) va phn nh c thc trng s dng ngun
nc, x l rc thi v v sinh mi trng ca h gia nh nng thn, (2) va nh gi
c cht lng dch v cung cp nc sch tp trung v thu gom rc nng thn hin
nay trong iu kin m s h gia nh c s dng cc dch v ny chim t trng nh.
Cng tc chn mu c thc hin theo 2 giai on.
Giai on 1: Chn im kho st (n v chn l x/th trn). Mi huyn s chn 2 x/th
trn. Mi x/th trn s chn 2 thn. Tng cng, c 24 thn ca 12 x/th trn thuc 6
huyn c chn kho st.
Bc 1: Chn x/th trn kho st vi tiu ch da vo tnh trng ngun nc s dng
v x l rc thi hin nay, mc cung ng dch v nc v x l rc thi: tt, khng tt,
cha c (i vi nhng im cha c dch v th xc nh thm tiu ch: cm dn c tp
trung, ng giao thng), v nhu cu bc thit. Qu trnh la chn x/th trn c tham
vn v thng nht vi lnh o cc a phng, nhm p ng cc yu cu thc tin
t ra hin nay. Danh sch cc x/th trn c trnh by trong bng 1.

Bc 2: Mi x chn 2 thn vi tiu ch: (1) i vi x c dch v cung cp nc sch th

chn cc thn c dch v; i vi x cha c dch v th chn 1 thn trung tm x v 1
thn cch xa trung tm x. Danh sch 24 thn kho st c trnh by trong bng 2.
Giai on 2: Chn n v iu tra. Mi thn chn 30 h gia nh (c s dng dch v
nc my hay khng c dch v ty vo iu kin ca a phng) kho st bng bn
hi nh lng. Tng s h c kho st l 720 h gia nh gm 2 nhm. Nhm 1 gm
cc h ti ni c ng ng nc my. Nhm ny gm cc h gia nh (i) c s dng
nc my v c ng h chnh thc; (ii) c s dng nc my nhng khng c ng h
(nhng h s dng vi cng cng); (iii) c ng ng nc my nhng khng s dng
nc. (2) Nhm 2 gm nhng h ti ni khng c ng ng nc my.
Bc 1: Lm vic vi y ban Nhn dn x/th trn ly danh sch h gia nh 2 thn
xc nh giai on 1.
Bc 2: Chn mu theo nguyn tc ngu nhin h thng, xc nh 30 h gia nh mi
thn kho st. Cch thc l ly tng s h gia nh c trong danh sch do cn b a
phng cung cp chia cho s h cn kho st, c c khong cch sau khi chia v ly
khong cch lm bc nhy chn h.
Kt qu chn c 720 h gia nh 24 thn, trong c khong 1/3 s h thuc nhm
c s dng nc sch tp trung; 2/3 s h cn li thuc nhm khng s dng nc sch
tp trung (k c nhng h c ng ng chnh chy qua nhng khng s dng nc
sch tp trung).
Nguyn tc i mu: Cc trng hp trong danh sch mu khng thc c tr trn a
bn hoc c nh nhng khng thc , chuyn i ni khc; khng gp c trong
sut thi gian kho st thc a; hoc t chi hp tc tr li bn hi th chn h thay th.
Chn mu thay th bng cch ly h k tip pha di danh sch; nu khng c s
ly h k tip pha trn trong danh sch. Thc t, mi thn c khong 1-2 trng hp h
i lm n xa khng th tip cn c. T l i mu thp gip cho cuc kho st m
bo tin cy ca thng tin thu thp c.
Xc nh ngi i din cho h gia nh tr li: i tng l ch h hoc v/chng
ch h. Nu i tng ny khng th tham gia tr li c th ngi thay th c th l
nhng ngi c mi quan h mt thit v hiu bit cc vn chung ca h.
2. Chn mu nh tnh
Cuc kho st cng tin hnh phng vn su v tho lun nhm cc c quan qun l
nh nc cc cp, cc t chc cung ng dch v nc sch, thu gom rc, v cc h dn
c. Tng s cuc phng vn dnh cho cc c quan, t chc, on th c cc cp tnh,
huyn, v x l 59 trng hp, c th hin bng 3.
Ngoi ra, cuc kho st cng tin hnh 36 cuc tho lun nhm, vi s tham gia ca 321
ngi. Mc ch chnh ca tho lun nhm l tm hiu kin ca nhng nhm ngi
chia s mt s c im ring nht nh v ngh nghip, gii tnh, iu kin kinh t Tuy

nhin, c 5 trong tng s 36 cuc tho lun nhm l nhm hn hp, gm c chnh quyn
a phng, cc t chc cung ng dch v, on th, v i din cc h dn. S cuc
tho lun nhm, s ngi tham gia, v s phn b theo a bn nghin cu c th
hin chi tit bng 4.
3. Thu thp thng tin th cp
Cuc kho st cng thu thp cc bo co, s liu thng k hin c a phng nhm
b sung cho cc thng tin do nhm kho st trc tip thu thp hin trng. Cc ngun
thng tin trn c tnh cht b sung ln nhau, lm c s cho cc phn tch.

C. KT QU NGHIN CU
PHN I. I VI C QUAN NH NC V CUNG NG DCH V
I. C QUAN QUN L NH NC V MI TRNG
1. Cc th ch v quan h gia cc th ch qun l nh nc v mi trng
UBND tnh thng nht ch o qun l nh nc tt c cc hot ng lin quan n qun
l ti nguyn nc, mi trng, cht thi sinh hot v cht thi trong sn xut trn a
bn tnh; ng thi phn cng, phn cp ch o thc hin cho cc s, ban, ngnh, v
UBND cp di.
o S Ti nguyn v Mi trng
S Ti nguyn v Mi trng l c quan chuyn mn thuc UBND tnh, c chc nng
tham mu, gip UBND tnh thc hin chc nng qun l nh nc v lnh vc ti nguyn
v mi trng, bao gm: t ai, ti nguyn nc, ti nguyn khong sn, a cht, mi
trng, kh tng thu vn, o c v bn , qun l tng hp v bin v hi o; thc
hin cc dch v cng trong cc lnh vc thuc phm vi qun l ca S. Chc nng,
nhim v, quyn hn v c cu t chc ca S Ti nguyn v Mi trng Bnh nh
c thc hin theo Quyt nh s 603/Q-UBND, ngy 19/08/2009 ca UBND tnh. Chi
cc Bo v mi trng, trc thuc S Ti nguyn v Mi trng, c chc nng gip S
thc hin nhim v qun l nh nc v lnh vc mi trng trn a bn tnh.
S Ti nguyn v Mi trng gip UBND tnh thc hin cc nhim v, quyn hn qun l
nh nc v bo v mi trng trn a bn tnh: ch o, t chc thc hin chin lc,
chng trnh, k hoch v nhim v v bo v mi trng; ch o nh k t chc nh
gi hin trng mi trng; tuyn truyn, gio dc php lut v bo v mi trng; ch o
cng tc kim tra, thanh tra, x l vi phm php lut v bo v mi trng;
Ch tr, phi hp vi cc s, ngnh lin quan r sot, xy dng ng b h thng cc
vn bn php quy (php lut, quy phm, quy ch) trong lnh vc qun l ti nguyn nc
v cht thi rn nhm qun l, khai thc hp l ngun ti nguyn nc; phng chng,

khc phc nhim mi trng; t chc lp v qun l quy hoch v ti nguyn nc,
cp php cc d n cng trnh khai thc ti nguyn nc theo thm quyn.
Chi cc Bo v mi trng c chc nng tham mu cho Gim c S Ti nguyn v Mi
trng ban hnh theo thm quyn hoc trnh cp c thm quyn ban hnh, ph duyt
cc vn bn php lut, chng trnh, k hoch, d n, n v bo v mi trng trn
a bn tnh v t chc thc hin cc vn bn php lut, chng trnh, k hoch, d n,
n v bo v mi trng do cc c quan nh nc Trung ng, UBND tnh, Gim
c S Ti nguyn v Mi trng ban hnh.
o S Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn
Chu trch nhim tham mu cho UBND tnh ch o thc hin quy hoch cp nc trn
a bn tnh; l u mi phi hp vi cc S, ngnh a phng xy dng k hoch trin
khai thc hin quy hoch, pht trin h thng cng trnh cp nc phc v sn xut v
sinh hot ca ngi dn nng thn;
Ch tr, phi hp vi cc s, ngnh, a phng xy dng cc vn bn php quy thuc
lnh vc cp nc v v sinh nng thn;
Ch o Trung tm Nc sch v V sinh mi trng nng thn xy dng cc m hnh
x l nc quy m h gia nh, tp hun nng cao nng lc qun l, vn hnh cho lc
lng cn b, cng nhn trc tip qun l, vn hnh cc cng trnh cp nc tp trung
trn a bn tnh; chun b, tuyn dng, o to ngun nhn lc qun l, vn hnh sau
u t cc cng trnh cp nc tp trung nng thn do S Nng nghip v Pht trin
nng thn hoc Trung tm lm ch u t mt cch c hiu qu.
o S Xy dng
S Xy dng chu trch nhim tham mu cho UBND tnh ch o thc hin quy hoch
tng th cht thi rn trn a bn tnh; l u mi phi hp vi cc s, ngnh a
phng xy dng k hoch trin khai thc hin quy hoch;
Thm nh quy hoch xy dng cc d n x l cht thi rn; kim tra, gim st vic xy
dng pht trin cng trnh d n theo quy hoch;
Ch tr, phi hp vi cc s, ngnh, a phng xy dng cc vn bn php quy thuc
lnh xy dng v pht trin cng trnh x l cht thi rn.
o UBND cc huyn, thnh ph
UBND cc huyn, thnh ph c trch nhim t chc, thc hin nhim v qun l nh
nc v ti nguyn nc v v sinh mi trng thuc a bn qun l;
Phi hp vi cc s, ngnh lp k hoch d n u t pht trin cng trnh cp nc v
x l rc thi trn a bn; t chc qun l quy hoch cp nc v quy hoch tng th
qun l cht thi rn theo ni dung c ph duyt;
Ch o cc phng chc nng, UBND cc x, th trn trc thuc t chc thnh lp cc
n v qun l, vn hnh cng trnh cp nc tp trung v cc n v thu gom, x l cht
thi rn m bo hot ng c hiu qu.

10

 cp huyn, Phng Ti nguyn v Mi trng l c quan chuyn mn gip UBND

huyn, thnh ph thc hin chc nng qun l nh nc v ti nguyn v mi trng
trn a bn huyn, thnh ph theo quy nh ca php lut, chu s qun l trc tip ca
UBND huyn, thnh ph; ng thi chu s ch o, kim tra v chuyn mn, nghip v
ca S Ti nguyn v Mi trng.
Phng Ti nguyn v Mi trng gip UBND cp huyn thc hin cc nhim v, quyn
hn qun l nh nc v bo v mi trng trn a bn cp huyn: Ch o, t chc
thc hin chin lc, chng trnh, k hoch v nhim v v bo v mi trng; t chc
ng k v kim tra vic thc hin cam kt bo v mi trng; tuyn truyn, gio dc
php lut v bo v mi trng; ch o cng tc kim tra, thanh tra, x l vi phm php
lut v bo v mi trng; gii quyt tranh chp, khiu ni, t co, kin ngh v bo v
mi trng theo quy nh ca php lut v khiu ni, t co v cc quy nh khc ca
php lut c lin quan; thc hin cc nhim v qun l nh nc v bo v mi trng
theo u quyn ca c quan qun l nh nc v bo v mi trng cp tnh; ch o
cng tc qun l nh nc v bo v mi trng ca UBND cp x.
o y ban Nhn dn x, th trn
UBND cp x, th trn c trch nhim thc hin qun l nh nc v bo v mi trng
ti a phng theo quy nh; b tr cn b a chnh ph trch v bo v mi trng; c
trch nhim thc hin qun l nh nc v bo v mi trng ti a phng theo quy
nh sau y: Ch o, xy dng k hoch v t chc thc hin nhim v bo v mi
trng, gi gn v sinh mi trng trn a bn, khu dn c thuc phm vi qun l ca
mnh; t chc vn ng nhn dn xy dng ni dung bo v mi trng trong hng
c ca cng ng dn c; hng dn vic a tiu ch v bo v mi trng vo trong
vic nh gi thn, lng, khu ph v gia nh vn ha; kim tra vic chp hnh php lut
v bo v mi trng ca h gia nh, c nhn; pht hin v x l theo thm quyn cc
vi phm php lut v bo v mi trng hoc bo co c quan qun l nh nc v bo
v mi trng cp trn trc tip; qun l hot ng ca thn, lng, t dn ph v t chc
t qun v gi gn v sinh mi trng, bo v mi trng trn a bn.
Cc t chc on th nh Hi Ph n, on Thanh nin, Hi Nng dn phi hp vi cc
s, ban, ngnh c lin quan tng cng cng tc thng tin - gio dc - truyn thng, vn
ng x hi, vn ng hi vin tch cc tham gia cc t vn ng ca cc cp v nc
sch, rc thi v v sinh mi trng, ng thi xem y l mt trong nhng tiu ch nh
gi hi vin cui nm; l lc lng nng ct t tnh n c s hng ng v trin khai,
hnh ng Tun l Quc gia nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn, Ngy Mi
trng Th gii; gp phn tch cc trong vic thay i hnh vi s dng nc hp v sinh
trong sinh hot, nng cao nhn thc, thay i tch cc cc hnh x l rc thi ti h gia
nh v khu dn c.
Vi cc th ch trn, v c bn, cng tc qun l nh nc v mi trng c t
chc mt cch h thng theo chiu dc v chiu ngang, v c phn cng cc chc
nng, nhim v mt cch r rng. Trn thc t, ty iu kin c th, mt s phng, ban
cp huyn c phn cng m trch mt mt s chc nng, nhim v khc nhau lin
quan n mt s lnh vc nc, rc, phng chng dch v v sinh mi trng.

11

2. Ngun nhn lc ca cc c quan qun l nh nc v mi trng

Kt qu tng hp t bo co v ngun nhn lc ca cc c quan qun l nh nc v
mi trng cc a phng cho thy, s cn b cng chc lm vic ti cc s, ban,
ngnh cp tnh lin quan n nc sch v v sinh mi trng (NS&VSMT) l 75
ngi, trong 28 ngi c trnh i hc v NS&VSMT v 47 ngi c trnh trung
cp v NS&VSMT. iu ny cho thy ngun nhn lc cp tnh c cht lng tng i
cao, p ng c cc yu cu c bn i vi cng tc qun l nh nc v mi
trng. Nm 2009, cc c quan cp tnh tham d 8 kha tp hun chuyn mn v
NS&VSMT.
Tuy nhin, i vi lnh vc cp nc, ngun nhn lc cp huyn, x rt hn ch. Cp
huyn khng c cn b chuyn trch m lm vic theo hnh thc kim nhim, trnh
chuyn mn c phn hn ch. i vi cp x hin nay khng c cn b m ng
nhim v ny m c giao cho cn b a chnh-xy dng thc hin. V vy, cng tc
thu thp s liu v lu tr cp c s hin nay cn rt thiu v khng c h thng.
a s nhng cn b chuyn trch v lnh vc v nc v v sinh mi trng cha qua
o to chuyn mn (c tnh trng l mt s cn b c kinh nghim qun l th li ht
nhim k v mt ngi mi cha c kinh nghim ln thay th). Thnh thong c tp hun
cho cc chuyn vin k thut t 5 10 ngy (nhng cng l do nhng ngi i trc tp
hun cho nhng ngi sau.). Do cn nng cao nng lc cn b (TLN cn b huyn
Ph M, Bnh nh, 2010);
Phng ch qun l v mt nh nc, khng qun l trc tip m ch yu kim nhim
khng c cn b chuyn trch. Ngun nhn lc hin nay thiu, khng chuyn su. Cng
tc phi hp gia cc ngnh khng ng u cng vi ngun nhn lc c trnh chnh
lch gia cc ban ngnh nn s thng nht v thc thi khng cao (PVS cn b qun l
huyn Hoi Nhn);
V chuyn mn 50% t yu cu, cn li cc ngnh cha ph hp. Rt nhiu ngi lng
tng kh khn trong cng vic, v khng c chuyn mn ngnh mi trng. Hin nay, c
1 k s xy dng, 1 kin trc s qui hoch th, 1 trung cp giao thng, 1 c nhn kinh
t, 3 cao ng [in, ha nhit, ch to c kh], nn rt kh khn trong thc hin cng tc
nc sch v v sinh mi trng (PVS cn b qun l huyn An Nhn).
Hin nay, ngun nhn lc v lnh vc cp nc v v sinh mi trng nng thn c s
gp rt nhiu kh khn k c lnh vc qun l nh nc ln lc lng thc hin nhim
v. Mt s n v cp nc cn b cha c o to chuyn mn nghip v chuyn
ngnh. V th, trong thi gian n S Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn (Trung tm
Nc sch v V sinh mi trng nng thn) s t chc cc lp o to nghip v qun
l, vn hnh cho lc lng cn b, nhn vin k thut vn hnh cc cng trnh cp nc
tp trung trn a bn tnh.
3. Cng tc kim tra, gim st v nc sch v v sinh mi trng
Cng tc kim tra, gim st nc sch v v sinh mi trng c thc hin theo cc
qui nh hin hnh.

12

o i vi cp nc sinh hot
Cng tc kim tra gim st cht lng nc cp c thc hin theo quy nh ti Quy
chun k thut quc gia QCVN 02: 2009/BYT c th nh sau:
- Gim st trc khi a ngun nc vo s dng: Xt nghim tt c cc ch tiu thuc
mc A, B do c s cung cp nc thc hin.
- Gim st nh k:
+ i vi cc ch tiu thuc mc A: Xt nghim t nht 01 ln/03 thng do c s cung
cp nc thc hin; Kim tra, gim st, xt nghim t nht 01 ln/06 thng do cc c
quan c thm quyn thc hin (ly mu nc ti 100% cc c s cung cp nc trn
a bn c giao qun l; ly mu nc ngu nhin i vi nc do c nhn, h gia
nh t khai thc s dng cho mc ch sinh hot);
+ i vi cc ch tiu thuc mc B: Xt nghim t nht 01 ln/06 thng do c s cung
cp nc thc hin; Kim tra, gim st, xt nghim t nht 01 ln/01 nm do c quan
nh nc c thm quyn thc hin (ly mu nc ti 100% cc c s cung cp nc
trn a bn c giao qun l; ly mu nc ngu nhin i vi nc do c nhn, h
gia nh t khai thc s dng cho mc ch sinh hot).
- Cc trng hp phi thc hin gim st t xut: Khi kt qu kim tra v sinh ngun
nc hoc iu tra dch t cho thy ngun nc c nguy c b nhim; Khi xy ra s c
mi trng c th nh hng n cht lng v sinh ngun nc; Khi c cc yu cu
c bit khc. Vic thc hin gim st t xut v la chn mc gim st do c quan
nh nc c thm quyn thc hin.
o i vi lnh vc v sinh mi trng
Trch nhim thc hin v kim tra vic thc hin cam kt bo v mi trng: T chc,
c nhn c pht sinh cht thi c trch nhim thc hin ng cc ni dung ca Bo co
nh gi tc ng mi trng c ph duyt hoc Bn cam kt bo v mi trng
hay Bn ng k t tiu chun mi trng c xc nhn (nu c); nh k 06 thng
mt ln, lp bo co v tnh hnh pht sinh v qun l cht thi rn gi S Ti nguyn v
Mi trng. U ban nhn dn cp huyn, cp x ch o, t chc kim tra, thanh tra vic
thc hin cc ni dung ghi trong bn cam kt bo v mi trng.
Cng tc kim tra gim st bo v mi trng trn a bn tnh c thc hin theo nh
k 6 thng/1ln; ngoi ra tu tnh hnh c th, cc c quan chc nng t chc on kim
tra t xut i vi cc c s sn xut, cc c s x l cht thi, cc a im b nhim
kp thi c bin pht khc phc nhm hn ch nhim.
Cc ni dung cn kim tra, gim st bao gm:
- Kim tra tnh trng v sinh chung ngun nc nguyn liu: tng ro bo v xung
quanh ging khoan; cc cng trnh xy dng (k c cng trnh ca nh my nc); cc
ng ng cng, knh mng, rnh nc thi chy qua; gia sc, gia cm hoc cc loi
vt nui khc; rc thi, phn ngi, phn gia sc, xc sc vt; bin bo gii hn khu vc
bo v ngun nc; b phn chn rc...

13

- Kim tra quy trnh x l nc bao gm: b, h cha nc ban u; b phn kh st,
mangan (nu c); b keo t v lng; b lc; h thng (b) kh trng; b cha sau x l;
ho cht x l nc (loi, tn, ngun gc, tnh hnh bo qun, hn s dng, cch s
dng, s lng d tr); b phn pha ch ho cht x l; kho ho cht x l; thit b
phng h khi c s c (i vi cc nh my nc); b phn kim sot cht lng nc;
- Kim tra cc kt qu xt nghim cht lng nc ca nh my trong khong thi gian
t ln kim tra trc n thi im hin ti v cc h s lu tr lin quan n cht lng
nc;
- Kim tra cht lng nc sinh hot: Thc hin theo quy chun k thut quc gia QCVN
02: 2009/BYT (kim tra v mt ho l v vi sinh).
Vic kim tra gim st c giao cho cc cp no c thm quyn nh sau:
- Ngnh nng nghip (ch kim tra v cp nc): S Nng nghip v Pht trin nng
thn (Trung tm Nc sch v V sinh mi trng nng thn), UBND huyn, thnh ph
(Phng Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn/ Phng Kinh t);
- Ngnh Ti nguyn, mi trng: S Ti nguyn v Mi trng (Chi cc Bo v mi
trng), Phng Ti nguyn v Mi trng.
- Ngnh Y t: S Y t (Trung tm Y t D phng), Phng Y t (i Y t d phng);
- Ngnh Khoa hc, cng ngh: S Khoa hc v Cng ngh (Trung tm Phn tch v kim
nghim)
Trong nhng nm qua cng tc trin khai gim st v cp nc v mi trng trn a
bn tnh thc hin tng i tt. Tuy nhin, bn cnh vn cn mt s n v thiu
thc v bo v mi trng, v li nhn c nhn i lc bt hp tc vi cc on kim tra,
gim st v mi trng; n lc cc c quan chc nng s dng cc ch ti p t, bin
php hnh chnh th mi hp tc nhng cng rt min cng.
Kt qu kho st bng 5 cho thy: cp tnh, cng tc kim tra, gim st c thc
hin hng qu, hng nm, v t xut. Ni dung kim tra tp trung ch yu vo 3 ni
dung l nh gi cht lng nc, v sinh mi trng, v hin trng cc cng trnh cp
nc tp trung nng thn. i vi cc huyn th cng tc kim tra thng l t xut.
Cc huyn Hoi Nhn, Ph M, v An Nhn c bo co v cng tc kim tra, gim st
ny mc d cha y , nhng cc huyn cn li th thng tin cha c thng k, lu
tr. Trn thc t, cng tc kim tra, gim st v nc sch v v sinh mi trng theo
nh k cp huyn cha thng xuyn v t c hiu qu cao. Nhiu vi phm v
vic gy nhim mi trng nh sn xut m x Hoi Hng, chn nui gia sc trong
khu dn c, nc thi v rc thi ch c nhc nh v cha c bin php x l rt
ro.
4. Cng tc lu tr v bo co nh k
Cng tc lu tr c thc hin theo cc qui nh ca cc c quan qun l nh nc, c
th nh sau:
o Phn cng trch nhim

14

- S Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn chu trch nhim lu tr cc ti liu c lin
quan v pht trin h tng cp nc (cp nc sinh hot, thu li) v kt qu trin khai
thc hin cc ch bo trn a bn tnh; Phng Nng nghip v Pht trin nng thn, Kinh
t c trch nhim lu tr cc ti liu c lin quan n cng trnh h tng cp nc v cc
kt qu trin khai thc hin trn a bn huyn, thnh ph;
- S Ti nguyn v Mi trng (Trung tm Thng tin Ti nguyn v Mi trng) l n v
c U ban nhn dn tnh giao nhim v thu thp, xy dng, x l, lu tr, khai thc,
cung cp thng tin thuc lnh vc ti nguyn v mi trng trn a bn tnh; Phng Ti
nguyn v Mi trng c trch nhim lu tr ton b gi liu v ti nguyn mi trng
trn a bn huyn, thnh ph; U ban nhn dn x, th trn c trch nhim lu tr ton
b gi liu v ti nguyn mi trng trn a bn qun l.
o Cc loi ti liu cn c lu tr v thi gian lu tr
- D liu v ti nguyn nc gm: s lng, cht lng nc mt, nc di t; s
liu iu tra kho st a cht thy vn; cc d liu v khai thc v s dng ti nguyn
nc; quy hoch cc lu vc sng, qun l, khai thc, bo v cc ngun nc; kt qu
cp, gia hn, thu hi, cho php, tr li giy php thm d, khai thc, s dng ti nguyn
nc; trm lp ging khoan; cc d liu v cc yu t nh hng n ti nguyn nc.
- D liu v mi trng gm: cc kt qu iu tra, kho st v mi trng; d liu, thng
tin v a dng sinh hc; d liu, thng tin v nh gi mi trng chin lc, nh gi
tc ng mi trng, cam kt bo v mi trng; kt qu v gii quyt bi thng thit
hi v mi trng c c quan nh nc c thm quyn gii quyt; danh sch,
thng tin v cc ngun thi, cht thi c nguy c gy nhim mi trng; cc khu vc b
nhim, suy thoi, s c mi trng; khu vc c nguy c xy ra s c mi trng; danh
mc cc c s gy nhim mi trng nghim trng; kt qu iu tra, kho st v hin
trng mi trng, cht thi nguy hi, cht thi rn thng thng; thng tin, d liu quan
trc mi trng c php trao i; kt qu cp, gia hn, thu hi cc loi giy php v
mi trng (bng 6).
n nay, hu ht cc d liu v ti nguyn mi trng c cp nhn lu tr theo
ng quy nh. Thng qua cc ng dng cng ngh tin hc vo cng tc lu tr d liu;
v th vic khai thc cp nhn d liu thc hin kh thun li.
Tuy nhin, vn cn mt s lnh vc, n v cng tc lu tr cha c ch trng nht l
cp c s, trang thit b phc v cng tc lu tr cn th s, khng p ng c yu
cu, cn b lu tr khng c chuyn mn nghip v dn n tnh trng ti liu b h
hng, kh nng s dng b hn ch.
cp huyn, v khng c mt c quan chuyn trch v tt c nhng lnh vc lin quan
n mi trng nn cng gy kh khn cho vic qun l nh nc v mi trng cp
c s. Hin trng hin nay l cc phng ban ph trch t chc qun l nc sch v v
sinh mi trng mi huyn mi khc v nhim v c giao cng khng ging nhau dn
n kh khn trong vic cp nht cc s liu nh k v cc chng trnh hin ang hot
ng ti a phng, v kh thng nht xy dng mt bc tranh ton cnh v vn
ny. Mc d, hin nay cc huyn c phng, ban ph trch v nc sch v v sinh mi
trng nng thn nhng khung nhim v cn thc hin nhng ch bo c th (v u t

15

xy dng, vn hnh, khai thc qun l, mc cung cp dch v, tnh trng hot ng,
bo dng, sa cha v cng tc kim tra, gim st cht lng ngun nc theo nh
k) trong qu trnh hot ng ca cc cng trnh nc, cng trnh thu gom rc thi, cng
trnh x l cht thi rn th vn cha c xy dng nh gi thnh tu v hn ch
ca tng cng trnh. Kt qu phng vn su cho thy: Chc nng, nhim v qun l ca
phng cha c qui nh c th, cn mang tnh chung, qun l cn m h. Cng vic
thng nht khng lm c th, ch c bo co nh k khng thng xuyn. V mt
nguyn tc phi bo co hng qu, trong nm nhng hin nay lm khng ni. (PVS. Cn
b qun l Phng Cng Thng, huyn Ph M).
5. Cng tc tp hun v truyn thng
cp tnh, cng tc truyn thng c thc hin u n, c bit l "Tun l Quc gia
nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn" v Ngy Mi trng Th gii. Phng thc
thc hin truyn thng kh a dng: c ng, ba n tuyn truyn, hnh ng nhm thay
i nhn thc; tp hun nng cao nhn thc v nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng
thn cho ngi dn vng hng li; truyn thng vn ng qua cc knh thn tin i
chng (i, bo), xy dng cc tiu phm ngn, cc phng s chuyn pht trn i
Pht thanh, i truyn hnh tnh. Phm vi truyn thng c thc hin trn a bn ton
tnh, c bit ch n vng nng thn, vng su vng xa, vng ng bo dn tc. Hu
ht nhng ngi tham gia l cn b qun l chuyn ngnh t tnh n c s; cn b lnh
o cc hi on th cp huyn; lnh o x, cn b ph trch v cc hi on th cc
cp; cn b thn, lng v h dn vng hng li; ngnh gio dc (hc sinh, gio vin),
ngnh y t (cn b y t). Tuy nhin, phm vi nh hng v thm ca nhng hot
ng ny i vi ngi dn n u tht s l vn cn quan tm.
Bng 7 cung cp mt m t tm tt v cc hot ng tp hun v truyn thng cp tnh
v huyn. Kt qu cho thy, cp tnh c 29 t tp hun thu ht tng cng 1455
lt ngi tham gia. Ni dung ca cc cuc tp hun ny l rt quan trng, chng hn
tp hun, trin khai, v nh gi kt qu thc hin B ch s theo di, nh gi nc
sch v VSMT nng thn, v nng cao nhn thc c bn v NS&VSMT nng thn.
cp huyn, Hoi Nhn cng c nhiu hot ng tp hun v truyn thng lin quan
n trin khai thc hin B ch s NS&VSMT cng nh nng cao nhn thc cho cn b
chnh quyn, on th cp c s. Cc hot ng ny cng thu ht n 3506 lt ngi
tham gia. Ph M, An Nhn, Tuy Phc cng c cc hot ng tp hun v truyn
thng, nhng tp trung ch yu vo vic trin khai thc hin B ch s NS&VSMT nng
thn, v thu ht t ngi tham gia hn. Cc huyn khc cng trin khai dng hot ng
ny nhng khng c thng tin.
cp c s, ngun nhn lc lm v cng tc tp hun, tuyn truyn khng c chuyn
mn v nc v v sinh mi trng. Kt qu cc cuc phng vn su cho thy: Cc hot
ng tp hun, tuyn truyn hin nay theo kiu phong tro hoc t chc lng ghp vi
cc chng trnh khc. c bit cp x, cc chng trnh tp hun, truyn thng cn
m nht v thiu ngun nhn lc c chuyn mn su v nc v v sinh mi trng.
Cha c chng trnh no tuyn truyn v nc sch cng nh rc thi v v sinh mi
trng ni chung. Thng th khi c vic g th x ch c vn ng ngi dn thc hin
sao cho hp v sinh thi, ch chnh ngay nhng ngi c trch nhim qun l nh chng

16

ti, cng nh cc hi on th khng c chuyn mn th lm sao ni c. Cn b kim

nhim thi ch cha c chuyn trch, cha c cn b chuyn mn, cha c bi bn
trong vic ng vin, tuyn truyn (PVS cn b qun l x Ct Lm, huyn Ph Ct); (ii)
Cha c kha tp hun no v sinh mi trng no x ny, cha ai cp n vn
v sinh mi trng c th nh nc sch, rc v mi trng ni chung, cha c t chc
tuyn truyn v mi trng. i ng tuyn truyn khng c chuyn mn, ch yu l c
mt anh lnh vc a chnh, t ai lm kim lun mi trng. T trc n hin nay
cha c t no c i tp hun v mi trng ht. Nu nh c chng trnh no v
mi trng cng nh nc sch th cn c nhng kha tp hun c ni dung c th, k
hoch thc hin nh th no cho r rng v c mt khon kinh ph th x ng ra qun
l tt, v c th phi hp lm c, x c th ng ra tuyn truyn vn ng (PVS qun
l x M Chu, huyn Ph M). i vi cng tc tp hun th cha c ln no tp hun
v v sinh mi trng, cng cha c ti liu g tham kho cho chnh thc v v sinh
mi trng. l kh khn trong vic nng cao nng lc cho cn b cng nh cho ngi
dn a phng thc hn v lnh vc ny. V tuyn truyn th x cng c nhng bui
tip xc c tri ni chuyn v mi trng do x t son v lng ghp vi cc chuyn
khc (PVS cn b qun l x Phc Lc, huyn Tuy Phc).
6. S tham gia ca cc t chc, on th
Kt qu kho st cho thy, cc hot ng thc t thu ht ngi dn v thu ht hc sinh
tham gia hin nay cn kh khim tn. Hai chng trnh chnh l t chc mitting Tun l
quc gia nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn v hot ng hng ng Ngy
Mi trng Th gii. Cc hot ng thu ht hc sinh tham gia cc huyn kho st
cha thu thp c s liu c th, nhng kt qu cc cuc phng vn su cho thy rng,
cc hot ng tp hun - truyn thng - gio dc cha tht s c ch cc c s
trng hc. Hin nay nh trng cha c hot ng tp hun cng nh cng tc tuyn
truyn cho hc snh v vn mi trng. V khng c ngun nhn lc, khng c chuyn
mn, khng nm trong quy ch, quy nh ca trng, v c bit l khng c ni dung v
kinh ph cho vic tuyn truyn trong nh trng. S thit st ny thit ngh khng phi
l trch nhim ca nh trng. (PVS cn b qun l Trng THCS M Hip, huyn Ph
M). V lnh vc ngun nc v v sinh mi trng ni chung th nh trng khng c
chc nng gio dc v n qu chuyn su v vt qu kh nng ca nh trng v
khng ng vi chng nng nhim v ca nh trng. Nh trng khng c gio vin,
cn b no chuyn v lnh vc trn, ch c cn b y t hc ng ph v chn sc sc
khe cho cc em ti trng thi. (PVS cn b qun l Trng THCS Ty Sn, huyn
Ty Sn).
Cc chng trnh phng s, tuyn truyn thng qua cc phng tin truyn thng i
chng tp trung ch yu cp tnh, cn cp huyn khng c thng tin v cc chng
trnh ny. Kt qu phng vn su cho thy, hnh thc m cc t chc, on th s dng
tuyn truyn thng xuyn l tuyn truyn ming, thc hin lng ghp vi cc cuc hp
khc a phng. a s cc on th ch tuyn truyn trong cc cuc hp v a s l
tuyn truyn ming, thiu hnh nh tuyn truyn. Cha c nhng chuyn ring trc
tip tuyn truyn cho ngi dn. Ring bn Hi Ph n cng c nhng t tuyn truyn
ring, cng c tuyn truyn lng ghp, t chc giao lu, hi hoa kin thc, hi tho,
tuyn truyn v sinh an ton thc phm. Bn cnh cn c nhng chng trnh h tr

17

khc nh gii ngn cho vay vn xoay vng lm nh v sinh, nh tm. Nhng h gia
nh cha c trong danh sch gii ngn th c nhng qu tit kim ca Hi ph n (5
triu/ h). Nm 2008 thnh lp Hi Bo v mi trng. C nhng chng trnh tuyn
truyn v dng cc vt dng chai l, vt rc thi, dch cm gia cm. V vn t chc
truyn thng, khng ph thuc theo mc no. Truyn thng nhm nh th truyn
ming, ln th mn my chiu, thu m thanh). (TLN cn b huyn Ph M). Cc on
th, Hi Ph n, Hi Nng dn vn ng tuyn truyn thng xuyn nhng ch theo dng
lng ghp. Hng nm huyn cng c kinh ph t chc tp hun cho cc tuyn truyn vin
x (tp hun ring, theo chuyn , 1 ln/nm). Tuy nhin khi v n thn th ch thc
hin theo cch lng ghp. Hi Ph n nhn ti liu t Trung tm Nc sch ri photo gi
cho cc cng tc vin. Cng tc vin s da vo ti liu truyn t n ngi dn.
Khng c ngi c chuyn mn ph bin su cho ngi dn, v vy phi phi hp vi
cc ban ngnh. Nng lc tuyn truyn ca cn b x nghe 10 ch tuyn truyn 7. Theo
tng cp th ni dung tuyn truyn s b mt dn i, khng cn y nh ban u.
(TLN cn b huyn Tuy Phc)
7. Kt qu thc hin cc ch s c bn v mi trng nm 2009
Bng 8 trnh by cc ch s c bn v ngun nc v t l h s dng nm 2009 phn
theo a bn. i vi cp tnh, c khong 18,6% s h nng thn (k c cc th trn)
s dng nc my (ng h ring v cng cng), s cn li ch yu l s dng nc
ging o v ging khoan. Trong s ny, c 80,1% s ging o v 86,4% s ging
khoan hp v sinh.
Kt qu cng cho thy s phn b cc ngun nc my l rt khc nhau gia 6 huyn
v 12 x c kho st. Ph M, Tuy Phc, v An Nhn l 3 huyn c s h s dng
nc my bng ng h ring cao hn mc bnh qun chung (tng ng l 11,6%,
14,7%, v 15,5%). T l cao ny khng thuc cc x c kho st v cuc kho st l
tp trung ch yu vo nhng a bn kh khn v ngun nc. i vi ging o th s
chnh lch v t l nc hp v sinh khng ln d cc vng pha bc v gn bin c t
l thp hn. T l nc hp v sinh ging khoan cao hn v kh ng u, tr trng
hp x Hoi Hng c t l thp (49,1%). Mt s x khng thng k c i vi mt
vi ch s. iu ny mt ln na cho thy cng tc thng k, lu tr cp c s cn
nhiu yu km. Cc ch bo trn l ht sc c bn nh gi thc trng ngun nc
v cht lng ngun nc m ngi dn nng thn ang s dng.
Mc d t l s dng nc cc c quan, t chc khng ln so vi h dn c, b phn
ny c ngha quan trng v lin quan n phc li ca dn c. Trng hc, trm y t,
bnh vin... l nhng ni rt cn s dng ngun nc sch. Kt qu t Bng 9 cho thy,
ngun nc s dng cho cc c quan, cng s ch yu l ging khoan, chim n 90%,
d mt s ni cng c s dng ging o kh ph bin nh huyn Ph M. S c
quan n v s dng nc my cn rt t, chim t l khng ng k. Nhn chung, cc c
quan, n v u c ngun nc ging o hoc ging khoan; mt s c s c s lng
ngun cung cp nc nhiu hn mt ngun. Nh tr, trm y t, bnh vin, trng hc,
v c quan nh nc l nhng ni c ngun cung cp nc tng i y . Tuy
nhin, mt s ni vn khng c nc, c bit l cc trng hc huyn Ph M.

18

Trong tng s 193 c s trng hc c n 84 c s (chim 43,5%) khng c ngun

cung cp nc. Mt s huyn nh Ph Ct, Ty Sn, v An Nhn khng c thng tin,
cho thy cng tc thng k, lu tr cha c m bo.
Kt qu t cc cuc phng vn su cho thy: Nh trng hin nay vn s dng ging
khoan, cht lng nc 5 im trng u b nhim phn. Mi im trng u c 1
vi nc. Thc t mi im c 3 phng phi xy dng 3 vi nc, nhng thiu kinh ph
lm. Nh trng xt nghim nc nhng khng t (PVS cn b qun l Trng
tiu hc s 3, x Hoi Hng, huyn Hoi Nhn). Hin nay,Trung tm Y t huyn s
dng ngun nc ging khoan v ging o (15 ging khoan v 4 ging o). Ngun
nc b nhim phn, ging khoan b phn nhiu hn ging o. Ngun nc Trung tm Y
t ch bm ln bn ri s dng, cha qua x l. C 2 l do khin Trung tm Y t huyn
hin nay cha s dng nc my: (1) Do ngun nc mi bt u hot ng khong 3
4 thng nay nn cha thc hin hp ng c. (2) Trung tm Y t cm thy chi ph cho
khon ny ln nn cn ang lng l. Trn ton huyn, cha c Trm y t x no c
ngun nc my, ch yu l nc ging khoan v ging o. (PVS qun l Trung tm Y
t huyn Ph Ct).
V vn v sinh, kt qu t bng 10 cho thy, tnh chung cho ton b nng thn ca
tnh Bnh nh, t l h gia nh gia nh c nh tiu hp v sinh chim 50,2%, trong
khong 28,5% l nh tiu t hoi, 14,5% l nh tiu 2 ngn. iu ny cng c ngha l
khong 50% s h nng thn khng c nh v sinh hoc c nh tiu cha hp v sinh,
mt t l rt cao. T l h c nh tiu hp v sinh cao nht l huyn Hoi Nhn, th trn
Ph Phong ca huyn Ty Sn, th trn Bnh nh ca huyn An Nhn v x Phc Lc
ca huyn Tuy Phc. Ngc li, mt s ni nh huyn Ph Ct, x Vnh An ca huyn
Ty Sn c t l h khng c nh tiu hoc nh tiu khng hp v sinh rt cao. Nh tiu
c nh hng rt ln n tnh trng sc khe v s ly lan cc loi bnh lin quan n
tiu ha. Do vy, y l mt trong nhng ch bo quan trng nht v v sinh mi trng
m mt s a phng cha t cn n lc trong thi gian ti.
i vi cc c quan, t chc, th hu ht u c nh tiu, ch yu l nh tiu t hoi,
nhng vn cn mt t l nh cha c nh tiu (bng 11). T l trng hc huyn Ph
M khng c nh tiu l rt cao (86 c s khng c nh tiu, chim n 44,6% trn tng
s cc c s trng hc ca huyn). Mt s ch, c quan huyn vn cha c nh tiu.
Hoi Nhn v An Nhn l hai huyn c cc t l nh tiu hp v sinh cao nht. Tuy
nhin, do thng tin thu thp c v cc ch s ny t mt s huyn khng y nn
khng th so snh mt cch h thng vn ny. D vy, cc ch v trng hc vn l
ni c t l nh tiu hp v sinh thp hn so vi cc c quan nh nc. S thiu ht
thng tin mt s huyn cho thy cng tc kim tra, thng k v lu tr cc ch s c
bn cp huyn v x l cha tt.
Nhn chung, cc cng trnh cp nc sch v v sinh mi trng trong cc trng hc,
trm y t v cc c s cng cng khc nng thn mc d c quan tm nhng kt
qu t c cn khim tn so vi nhu cu thc t. Nhiu trng hc cn thiu cc cng
trnh cp nc v v sinh hoc c nhng khng p ng c nhu cu. Nu so snh kt
qu t c trn y vi cc mc tiu ra theo Quyt nh s 104/Q-TTg ngy
25/08/2000 l tt c cc nh tr, trng hc v cc c s gio dc khc, cc bnh vin,

19

trm x, cng s, ch nng thn c nc sch v c h x hp v sinh, th cha

c mc tiu no hon ho.
o V qun l rc thi
Theo thng k ca cc n v qun l thu gom, vn chuyn cht thi rn ti cc
huyn/thnh ph trong tnh, khi lng cht thi rn sinh hot th pht sinh trn a
bn tnh Bnh nh khong 306,6 tn/ngy. Trong lng cht thi rn ca thnh ph
Quy Nhn chim 58% lng cht thi rn ca c tnh.
Cng tc thu gom: Trn a bn thnh ph Quy Nhn t l thu gom t khong 58%, cc
th trn, th t khong 15-30% khi lng rc pht sinh.
Cht thi rn y t: Khong 700 tn/nm, trong cht thi rn y t nguy hi khong 100
tn/ nm. (Ngun: Quy hoch tng th qun l cht thi rn th v khu cng nghip
trn a bn tnh Bnh nh n nm 2020)
Bng 12 trnh by t l cc c quan, t chc c h thng x l rc thi v nc thi ca
cc huyn c kho st. Kt qu cho thy, cc trm y t, bnh vin c t l p dng cc
bin php x l rc v nc thi cao hn cc loi hnh c s khc, c bit l huyn
Hoi Nhn. Ch l mt trong nhng ni c t l ny thp nht. Cc c s sn xut qui
m ln cng phi c h thng x l rc v nc thi nhng cc bo co cha thng k
v lu tr y . S phn tn trong vic giao chc nng nhim v cho cc c quan
qun l nhng lnh vc khc nhau v mi trng, m cha c mt t chc bao qut
chung nn nhiu huyn khng cung cp c cc thng tin ny.
S c s c h thng x l nc thi v rc thi ng qui trnh, bo m v sinh cc
huyn kho st vn cn rt him. Hin nay, cc c s trm y t, ch, cc c s ny s
dng h thng x l nc thi v rc thi t ch, khng m bo v sinh mi trng
chung cho cng ng. V chn nui, vi cc h gia nh chn nui qui m ln th nhng
nm c mt s chng trnh ca ngnh nng nghip, khoa hc cng ngh, mi trng
h tr xy lp hm biogas cho vng nng thn gim thiu nhim trong chn nui.
Tuy nhin h nui qui m trung bnh cn gp nhiu kh khn trong vn x l cht thi.
Kt qu phng vn su cho thy: Mt s h c hm biogas x l cht thi t chn
nui heo, c qui m trung bnh khong 70 con/h chn nui, cn mt s th h cha c
hm biogas, lm nh hng n mi trng xung quanh. Tht ra, vi s lng chn nui
ln th khi hm cha y, x ra cng gy nhim v c mi hi (PVS cn b qun l x
Ct Tin, huyn Ph Ct). X c mt ch, tnh ra mt thng c 5 ln nhm ch, mi ln
nhm ch c mt ngi thu gom rc. Gn ch c bi t trng nh nh, sau khi tan ch
th ngi gom rc t, hoc chn lm sch rc ch. (PVS cn b qun l x M
Chu, huyn Ph M). Y t x c x l rc theo phn loi y t, ngha l loi no thuc
rc y t th h t ri chn lp. (PVS cn b qun l x M Chu, huyn Ph M)
Mc d t c cc ch tiu c bn, cng tc t chc qun l thng nht kt qu thc
hin cp nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn trn a bn tnh cha ng b.
Hin nay, vic trin khai u t xy dng cng trnh cp nc sch v v sinh mi
trng nng thn trn a bn tnh do nhiu s, ban, ngnh, n v cng thc hin. V
vy, vic thu thp s liu, qun l, nh gi cht lng cng trnh gp rt nhiu kh khn.

20

Cng tc qun l, khai thc cc cng trnh cp nc tp trung sau u t ca cc cp

chnh quyn, nht l cp huyn, cp x cha tht s c quan tm ng mc. Hu ht
cc cng trnh sau khi hon thnh, bn giao cho chnh quyn cp x qun l khai thc,
cng nhn vn hnh thiu chuyn mn nghip v, cc vt liu ph, ha cht t c b
sung, thay th; qu trnh qun l, vn hnh b ct gim bt cng on khng tun th quy
trnh vn hnh, dn n cht lng nc, cht lng phc v ngy cng gim; cng
trnh hot ng khng hiu qu, cng tc duy tu bo dng thc hin cha tt, kh nhiu
cng trnh khng pht huy c hiu qu u t.
Cng tc ch o lng ghp cc chng trnh, d n trn cng a bn cha c quan
tm thc hin. Vic huy ng cc ngun lc, cc thnh phn kinh t v vn trong nhn
dn vng hng li u t m rng mng cp nc n tng h gia nh cn chm,
lm cho cc d n cp nc tp trung chm pht huy hiu qu.
Cng tc gio dc truyn thng, vn ng x hi c vai tr rt quan trng, nhng s
quan tm ch o thc hin lnh vc ny cn nhiu hn ch, c v phng tin truyn
thng v nng lc cn b.
Cng tc x hi ha trong lnh vc cp nc sch v cc dch v v sinh mi trng
nng thn cha pht trin, thiu m hnh mu, m hnh th im hc tp v nghin
cu p dng rng ri trn a bn tnh.
Cng tc thu gom cht thi rn sinh hot v y t t c mt s kt qu khch l
nhng cha u. cc th trn, th t mi t c bc u (khong 15-30% khi
lng); cc vng nng thn khc, hu ht rc thi c chn lp, t hoc vt ra cc
sng sui, mng rch gy nhim mi trng nghim trng.
Cng tc x hi ha, t nhn ha qun l cht thi rn c cc a phng trin khai
nhng cn thiu c ch khuyn khch h tr cho cc n v ny; phn ln cc a
phng phi cp b kinh ph cho cc n v ny duy tr hot ng.
Cng tc ti ch, ti s dng, ch bin phn vi sinh c m hnh nhng hiu qu mang
li cha c khng nh r rng. L t x l cht thi rn y t c u t nhng
cng mi ch c hnh thnh ba c s y t (Bnh vin khu vc Bng Sn, khu vc
Ph Phong v bnh vin Lao phi) cng sut ch p ng c khi lng cht thi ti
c s.
Phn ln cc bi chn lp cht thi rn trn a bn tnh l cc bi chn lp tm, bi h,
cha hp v sinh, gy nhim mi trng xung quanh.
Cht thi cng nghip cha c x l ng quy trnh, hu ht l chn lp chung vi
cht thi rn sinh hot hoc thi ra mi trng, tim n nguy c pht tn nhim ra
rt cao.
Cng tc phn loi rc thi ti ngun cha c thc hin, mt d c nhng m hnh,
d n th im nhng u tht bi sau khi d n kt thc.
Mc d t c mt s kt qu ng ghi nhn, song nghim tc nhn nhn, vic trin
khai, ch o thc hin Lut Bo v mi trng trn a bn tnh vn cn nhng hn ch,
bt cp v c nhng yu km. Chng hn, cng tc kim tra, x l vi phm Lut Bo v
mi trng ti nhng danh nghip thuc cc khu cng nghip, cm cng nghip tuy
21

c tng cng nhng rt t tc dng. Cc loi nc thi, khi bi, ting n gy

nhim mi trng ti cc khu cng nghip, cm cng nghip cha c khc phc,
phn ln cc doanh nghip cha thc hin vic thi nc thi vo h thng thu gom
nc thi chung ca khu cng nghip.
i vi cc huyn, cng tc qun l nh nc v bo v mi trng ti cc cm cng
nghip cha tht c ch trng, mt s doanh nghip cha thc hin vic lp bo co
nh gi tc ng mi trng, ch c khong 50% s n thc hin vic lp h s v mi
trng; hu ht cc cm cng nghip u cha xy dng cng trnh x l nc thi tp
trung. Tnh trng nhim mi trng nhiu cm cng nghip vn cha c gii php
khc phc.
Ngoi ra, s doanh nghip vi phm v mi trng b x l so vi thc t cha nhiu;
mc x pht cn qu nh, cha sc rn e, ngn chn; nhiu c s sn xut kinh
doanh thiu thc, trch nhim bo v mi trng.
8. Cng tc quy hoch
o V cung cp nc sch
Quyt nh s 5284/Q-BNN-KH, ngy 20/11/2000 ca B trng B Nng nghip v
Pht trin nng thn v vic ph duyt quy hoch cp nc v v sinh mi trng nng
thn tnh Bnh nh giai on 2000-2010 (hin nay, n v t vn ang trin khai r sot
b sung iu chnh quy hoch ny). Theo , n ht nm 2010 tnh Bnh nh phi t
c cc ch tiu sau:
+ 85% dn c nng thn c nc sinh hot hp v sinh s dng vi s lng 60
lt/ngi/ngy;
+ 70% s h gia nh c nh tiu hp v sinh s dng;
+ 100% c s gio dc, trng hc, trm y t vng nng thn c nc v nh tiu hp
v sinh.
Theo Quy hoch tng th pht trin kinh t - x hi tnh Bnh nh n nm 2020, n
2015, 100% dn c c ngun nc sch cho sinh hot, v n 2020, tt c dn c nng
thn s dng nc sch t tiu chun quc gia vi s lng t nht 60 lt/ngi/ngy,
s dng h x hp v sinh v thc hin tt v sinh c nhn, gi v sinh mi trng lng,
x.
o V x l cht thi rn
Quyt nh s 637/Q-UBND, ngy 27/8/2009 ca UBND tnh ph duyt Quy hoch
tng th qun l cht thi rn th v khu cng nghip trn a bn tnh n nm 2020.
Theo , n nm 2015, 100% lng cht thi rn sinh hot pht sinh ti thnh ph Quy
Nhn; 70% tng lng cht thi rn sinh hot pht sinh i vi cc th khc c thu
gom v x l; 100% cht thi rn sinh hot pht sinh ti cc th c phn loi ti
ngun. Mc tiu n nm 2020, 80% tng lng cht thi rn sinh hot pht sinh i vi
cc th khc c thu gom v x l.

22

Nh vy, cc mc tiu v nc sch, v sinh v rc thi rn c hoch nh cho

nhng mc 2010, 2015, v 2020. Cng tc quy hoch trn a bn tnh c UBND
tnh ch o cc s, ngnh, a phng trin khai thc hin. Tuy nhin, cng tc qui
hoch cng bc l mt s hn ch: Ch xy dng mc tiu nc sch v mi trng
nng thn nhng cha t cc mc tiu tng ng i vi vic x l cht thi rn. Cha
xy dng cc mc tiu t c v x l nc thi. Cng tc trin khai u t xy dng
gp nhiu kh khn v cc n quy hoch thng thiu tnh thc tin, mc tiu pht
trin cha cp n ni lc ca cng ng m ch yu xy dng da trn ch tiu k
hoch l chnh, c lc cha tht s ph hp vi nhu cu ca cng ng dn c vng
hng li, mc tham gia ca ngi dn trong cc n quy hoch cha tht r nt,
kinh ph u t xy dng cn hn ch.
Tuy nhin, s ra i ca cc n quy hoch ni trn ra chin lc, nh hng
bc tranh ton cnh v cp nc v qun l cht thi rn trn a bn tnh, l cn c
cc s, ngnh, a phng lp k hoch trin khai thc hin, ng thi l c s ku
gi cc nh u t tham gia thc hin, thu ht ngun vn t cc t chc quc t.
i vi cc huyn c kho st, cc ch s c bn v nc sch v nh tiu hp v
sinh nh sau: n cui 2010 th t nht 82% s h s dng nc hp v sinh v tng ln
100% vo nm 2015. Mt s huyn phi t mc cao hn nh An Nhn v Tuy Phc
(t mc 90% nm 2010). n cui 2010, cc huyn phi t t nht 60% s h c nh
tiu hp v sinh, v tng ln 85% vo nm 2015 (bng 13).
n cui nm 2010, 50% tng lng cht thi rn sinh hot pht sinh i vi cc th trn,
thi t, im dn c tp trung nng thn c thu gom v x l; 80% cht thi rn pht
sinh t cc khu, cm cng nghip c phn loi, thu gom v x l bng nhng phng
php thch hp.
n nm 2015, 70% tng lng cht thi rn sinh hot pht sinh i vi cc th trn, thi
t, im dn c tp trung nng thn c thu gom v x l; 100% cht thi rn pht sinh
t cc khu, cm cng nghip c phn loi, thu gom v x l bng nhng phng
php thch hp.
n cui nm 2010, 100% khi lng cht thi t cc c s sn xut c x l t tiu
chun quy nh trc khi thi ra mi trng.
9. Nhn xt chung v cng tc qun l nh nc i vi NS&VSMT
o V nc sch v v sinh
Tm li, trong nhng nm qua c s quan tm ch o tch cc ca cc cp y ng,
UBND tnh, cc s, ban ngnh c lin quan ca tnh tch cc xy dng cc vn bn
php quy v lnh vc cp nc v v sinh trn a bn tnh nhm lm cn c trin
khai iu hnh, thc hin; xy dng c cc d n quy hoch chuyn ngnh phc
v cng tc gim st trin khai thc hin; xy dng cc quy ch iu hnh thc hin.
Tuy nhin, cp nc v v sinh nng thn l mt trong s nhng lnh vc rt kh thc
hin, kh kim sot, li nhun thp, thm ch b thua l ko di, hot ng phc v l
chnh. V vy, cng tc x hi ho v cc lnh vc ny gp rt nhiu kh khn, khng thu
23

ht c cc thnh phn kinh t tham gia; mt s n v hot ng v cp nc v v

sinh nng thn hin nay u phi cp b ngn sch duy tr hot ng.
Trong nhng nm gn y cng tc qun l v pht trin h tng cp nc sch nng
thn to c bc tranh kh kh quan. n nay, trn a bn nng thn Bnh nh c
bn phn no khc phc c tnh trng thiu nc sinh hot vo ma nng hn.
Vic trin khai u t xy dng v a vo vn hnh cc d n cp nc sch nng
thn c quy m ln c thc hin nh: Cp nc ng Khu ng Tuy Phc, cp
nc hai x Bnh Tng v Vnh An huyn Ty Sn, cp nc 9 th trn to ra c
b mt nng thn mt din mo mi, y trin vng. Bn cnh cng tc qun l, vn
hnh cc cng trnh cp nc sch nng thn ang tng bc c chuyn nghip ho,
vi tinh thn y trch nhim ca ngnh nng nghip. Vic S Nng nghip v Pht trin
nng thn giao nhim v cho Trung tm Nc sch v V sinh mi trng nng thn
trc tip qun l, vn hnh cng trnh cp nc sch nng thn bc u to c
bc tranh kh kh quan. Vi i ng cn b c cht lng nh hin nay, trong vi nm
n Trung tm Nc sch v V sinh mi trng nng thn s l ht nhn trong cng
tc qun l, vn hnh cng trnh cp nc sch nng thn trn a bn tnh.
Trong nhng nm n t nhiu ngun vn khc nhau, S Nng nghip v Pht trin
nng thn s trin khai u t xy dng cc cng trnh c quy m ln, cp nc lin x,
lin huyn (cp nc Ph Ct, cp nc x Ty Giang v Ty Thun-Ty Sn, cp
nc x Nhn Ho-An Nhn, cp nc ng nam Hoi Nhn, cp nc ven bin Ph
M...). y l mt trong nhng ng lc tch cc a i sng kinh t-x hi vng
nng thn pht trin, tip cn dn vi khu vc th.
Tuy nhin, cng tc qun l sau u t hin nay vn cn mt s bt cp nht l cc d
n, cng trnh do a phng qun l xy dng, cng trnh u t t ngun vn Chng
trnh 134, 135; cng tc qun l, vn hnh cha c quan tm ng mc, phn ln cc
cng trnh c giao v a phng qun l (U ban nhn dn x) hoc cc t chc
nng lc khng p ng c yu cu; cng tc duy tu bo dng cha c ch
trng, cng trnh nhanh xung cp h hng khng pht huy c hiu qu gy lng ph
vn u t.
o V qun l rc thi
c s quan tm ch o ca cc cp u ng, chnh quyn cc cp v cc ngnh chc
nng; trong nhng nm gn y, cng tc thu gom v x l rc thi trn a bn tnh c
nhng bc chuyn bin tch cc. n nay, cc a phng trn a bn tnh quy hoch
v u t xy dng bi chn lp cht thi rn; tuy nhin, phn ln cc bi chn lp cht
thi rn ca cc huyn l bi chn lp khng hp v sinh, khng c hnh thc x l nc
r rc, cht thi rn c mt cch t do. Cc bi chn lp mang tnh cht tm thi,
khng c tng bao; cng tc qun l, vn hnh bi chn lp cht thi rn thc hin cha
tht tt pht tn nhim ra mi trng xung quanh.
Hin nay, cht thi rn sinh hot trn a bn tnh cha c phn loi ti ngun; ton b khi
lng cht thi c thu gom v vn chuyn bng xe c gii n bi chn lp. Ti bi chn lp
mt s cht thi c th ti ch c phn loi, thu gom bi i ng thu nht ph liu, cn li u
c chn lp, hoc t; khi lng cht thi c dng sn xut phn compost l khng
ng k.
24

i vi cc huyn tnh hnh thu gom cht thi rn mi ch c thc hin ti cc th trn,
th t v khu dn c dc cc trc ng chnh. T l thu gom t thp chim khong 1530%; Cc n v thu gom, x l cht thi hu ht hot ng khng hiu qu, ngn sch
phi b l hng nm. M hnh hot ng hin nay kh a dng nh: Hp tc x, Ht
Giao thng cng chnh, doanh nghip t nhn... tuy nhin, trang thit b phc v cng tc
thu gom, vn chuyn cht thi rn ca mt s n v cn th s (huyn Ty Sn, huyn
Ph Ct... cha c xe chuyn dng).
II. Thc trng ca cc d n cung cp nc tp trung, x l rc thi, nc thi v
v sinh mi trng ti vng d n
1. i vi lnh vc cung cp nc tp trung
Theo Trung tm Nc sch v V sinh mi trng nng thn, trn a bn tnh hin c
119 cng trnh cp nc tp trung nng thn vi nhiu loi hnh cp nc v m hnh
qun l, vn hnh khc nhau (bng 14a,14b,14c). V loi hnh cp nc, c 84 cng
trnh t chy v 34 cng trnh bm dn. V m hnh qun l, c 3 cng trnh thuc Trung
tm Nc sch, 7 cng trnh thuc Cng ty cp thot nc, 8 cng trnh thuc Doanh
nghip, 4 cng trnh thuc Ban Qun l cp huyn, 6 cng trnh thuc Hp tc x, v 91
cng trnh thuc UBND x qun l. Trong s 6 m hnh qun l cc cng trnh nc sch
nng thn trn, m hnh do UBND x qun l l ph bin nht.
Trong nhng nm qua, cng tc trin khai u t xy dng cc cng trnh cp nc tp
trung nng thn c thc hin t nhiu ngun vn khc nhau nh: Chng trnh Mc
tiu Quc gia nc sch v v sinh mi trng nng thn; Chng trnh 134, 135; vn
vay (WB, ADB); vn di dn ti nh c; vn ti tr (Vng quc B, H Lan, Jibic, T
chc CARE quc t ti Vit Nam)
T cc ngun vn trn tnh u t xy dng c nhiu cng trnh c quy m kh ln
nh: Cng trnh cp nc Phc Sn ca huyn Tuy Phc (cp nc cho 32.000
ngi), D n cp nc 9 th trn (cp nc cho 110.435 ngi); Cng trnh cp nc 2
x Bnh Tng v Vnh An ca huyn Ty Sn (cp nc cho 13.000 ngi) bc
u mang li hiu qu rt kh quan. Trong nhng nm n, cng t cc ngun vn
trn, tnh tip tc u t cc cng trnh, d n c quy m ln nh: Cng trnh cp nc
huyn Ph Ct (vn ti tr ca Vng quc B, cp nc cho ngi dn 7 x thuc 2
huyn Ph Ct v Tuy Phc); Cng trnh cp nc x Nhn Ho ca huyn An Nhn
(cp nc cho khong 28.000 ngi); Cng trnh cp nc ng Nam huyn Hoi Nhn
(cp nc cho ngi dn 4 x), Cng trnh cp nc cho cc x ven bin huyn Ph M
(cp nc cho ngi dn 5 x); Cng trnh cp nc x Nhn Hu v x Nhn M ca
huyn An Nhn.
Nhn chung i ng cn b qun l, vn hnh cng trnh cp nc tp trung nng thn
trn a bn cc huyn hin nay c mt bng kh thp, ch yu tp trung tuyn c s,
mt s n v cn b cha c o to chuyn mn nghip v.
V thit b, cng ngh, 24/119 cng trnh c cng ngh, thit b x l nc hon chnh.
Trong , mt s cng trnh c h thng iu khin hon ton t ng (Cng trnh cp
Phc Sn ca huyn Tuy Phc, v cc cng trnh cp nc thuc D n 9 th trn).
25

Tuy nhin, bn cnh vn cn nhng cng trnh kh th s (ch yu l cng trnh cp

nc t chy cc x min ni), cht lng nc cp thng khng kim sot c.
Nhn chung, nhiu cng trnh cp nc tp trung trn a bn tnh khng pht huy c
hiu qu, trong ch yu l cc cng trnh cng sut nh do a phng qun l c
hiu sut hot ng thp, cng trnh nhanh xung cp. kp thi khc phc nhng tn
ti trn, ngy 03/03/2010 UBND tnh ban hnh Quy ch qun l, khai thc, s dng
cc cng trnh cp nc sinh hot nng thn tnh Bnh nh. y l mt trong nhng cn
c cc ngnh, cc cp kim tra, gim st, trin khai thc hin.
Hin nay, cng tc truyn thng nng cao nhn thc v nc sch nng thn phn ln
do Trung tm Nc sch v V sinh mi trng nng thn thc hin; cc cp cc hi
on th t tnh n c s rt t tham gia. Cc cng trnh, d n do cp huyn, cc ban
ngnh khc qun l thc hin th gn nh cng tc truyn thng nng cao nhn thc cho
ngi dn vng d n khng c thc hin.
Ti 6 huyn ca vng d n c tng s 33 d n cung cp nc sch tp trung, trong
c 5 cng trnh Hoi Nhn, 10 cng trnh Ph M, 5 cng trnh Ph Ct, 5 cng
trnh An Nhn, 4 cng trnh Tuy Phc, v 4 cng trnh Ty Sn. V cng ngh,
19/33 cng trnh c cng ngh, thit b x l nc hon chnh. Tuy nhin, bn cnh
vn cn nhng cng trnh kh n gin (lng, lc khng c thit b kh trng), cht lng
nc cp thng khng kim sot c. V m hnh qun l, hin nay c 14 cng trnh
do UBND x qun l, 8 cng trnh do doanh nghip qun l, 3 cng trnh do Ban qun l
huyn qun l, 5 cng trnh do hp tc x qun l, v 3 cng trnh l do Trung tm Nc
sch v V sinh mi trng qun l. V cng sut thit k, hu ht l cc cng trnh nh
v va, t nhng cng trnh vi ch 50 m3/ngy cung cp cho lng Giang ca x Vnh An
cho n cng trnh c cng sut n 3.850 m3/ngy cho c dn cm Bng Sn-Tam
Quan. Bn cnh mt s cng trnh pht huy c cng sut, nhiu cng trnh ch mi
khai thc 30% cng sut hoc h hng, khng s dng c. Nhng cng trnh nh
thng l do UBND x hoc hp tc x qun l, trong khi cc cng trnh c qui m ln
hn thng do cc doanh nghip hoc Trung tm Nc sch qun l (bng 14d).
Nhn chung lc lng qun l, vn hnh cc cng trnh cp nc trn a bn 6 huyn
vng d n cn nhiu hn ch. Lc lng qun l c trnh cao, p ng c yu
cu chuyn mn ch yu tp trung ti cc nh my cp nc Phc Sn (Tuy Phc),
cp nc Bnh Tng (Ty Sn), cp nc Nhn Tn (An Nhn), cp nc 9 th trn v
mt vi cng trnh do Ban qun l cp huyn qun l. Cn b ph trch cc cng trnh
do UBND cc x qun l cha p ng c yu cu chuyn mn. V th, trong tng
lai cc n v qun l vn hnh cn phi c k hoch o to ngun nhn lc c trnh
cao lm ch cc dy chuyn cng ngh mi.
V qui ch hot ng, cc cng trnh thuc a bn 6 huyn (tr cng trnh cp nc
lng Giang ca x Vnh An v cng trnh cp nc x Bnh Tn) l i tng p dng
ca Quy ch qun l, khai thc, s dng cc cng trnh cp nc sinh hot nng thn
tnh Bnh nh.
V cng tc truyn thng, y l a bn chim hn 85% dn s nng thn ton tnh; a
hnh a dng (min ni, ng bng, ven bin); thnh phn dn tc v nhn thc ca

26

ngi dn cng rt khc nhau. V vy, cng tc truyn thng, nng cao nhn thc v
nc sch phn ln c tp trung cc a phng ny.
Tng t nh tnh trng chung ca tnh, cng tc qun l, vn hnh cc cng trnh cp
nc tp trung nng thn trn a bn tnh hin nay cn gp nhiu kh khn, nht l
cng tc ti chnh. Mt s cng trnh thu khng b chi ph thng xuyn, hot ng
thua l ko di, khng pht huy c nng lc cng trnh nh:
o Cc cng trnh cp nc x Hoi Hi, cp nc khu ti nh c Hoi Hi, cp nc
x Hoi M ca huyn Hoi Nhn;
o Cc cng trnh cp nc thn 7 v cp nc thn 9 x M Thng; cp nc x M
Phong; cp nc x M Th, cp nc x M Ti ca huyn Ph M;
o Cng trnh cp nc ba x pha ng An Nhn;
o Cc cng trnh cp nc tp trung nng thn do UBND cp x qun l.
Nguyn nhn chnh dn n cc tnh trng trn l do:
o Sn lng nc cp qu thp do ngi dn s dng rt tit kim, phn ln cc h
dn ch s dng nc my n ung cn mi sinh hot khc s dng ngun nc
ging khng m bo v sinh.
o Trnh chuyn mn ca cn b, cng nhn qun l, vn hnh mt s n v cn hn
ch; cha c o to chuyn mn nghip v, mt s n v cp nc thiu trch
nhim, cha tht s quan tm n cht lng nc cp; cng tc duy tu bo dng
t c thc hin, cht lng nc cp khng m bo.
o Cng tc iu tra, kho st chun b u t ca mt s cng trnh thc hin cha tht
tt dn n tnh trng cng trnh hon thnh khng c ngi s dng; cng tc kho
st, khoan thm d ngun nc, phn tch cht lng ngun nc, la chn cng
ngh x l khng ph hp dn n cht lng nc cp khng m bo, to ra tm
l tiu cc t pha ngi dn.
Vic Trung tm Nc sch v V sinh mi trng nng thn bc u i vo qun l,
vn hnh cng trnh cp nc tp trung nng thn mang li nhng hiu qu r rt,
to ra mt cch nhn mi v cng tc qun l, vn hnh cng trnh. Bn cnh c th
k n mt s m hnh nh Ban qun l d n cp nc huyn v Hp tc x gp
phn to ra s a dng cc loi hnh hot ng.
c c cc nh gi su hn v thc trng ca cc cng trnh cp nc, cuc kho
st phn tch in hnh hot ng ca 13 cng trnh cp nc ti cc th trn huyn v
cc x trong vng d n. Bng 15 trnh by cc ngun vn v sut vn u t ca cc
cng trnh. Kt qu cho thy, tnh bnh qun i vi 13 cng trnh cp nc nng thn,
tng gi tr u t cho mt cng trnh l khong 9,4 t ng, trong khong 25% l t
ngn sch nh nc, 66% l t cc ngun ti tr quc t, 5,6% l t s ng gp ca
dn hoc cc n v t u t, v 3,2% cn li l t khu vc t nhn. iu ny cho thy
vi nhng cng trnh cp nc, ngun ti chnh t ngn sch v quc t ng vai tr ch
yu, khu vc t nhn v cng ng cn c vai tr kh khim tn. Tuy nhin, qui m u
t gia cc d n cp nc, v s ng gp ca ngn sch v quc t l rt khc nhau.

27

C nhng d n ln nh Cng trnh cp nc th trn Bng Sn, Tam Quan, Hoi Tn,
Hoi Ho ch yu l t ngun vin tr quc t, nhng c nhng cng trnh nh nh
Cng trnh cp nc x Phc Sn (Tuy Phc) th s ng gp ca ngn sch ln
hn.
Bnh qun, cng sut thit k ca cc cng trnh ny l khong 1500 m3/ngy, vi qui m
nh nht l 500 m3/ngy v ln nht l 3850 m3/ngy. Ty vo tng mc u t v cng
ngh s dng, sut vn u t cho 1 m3/ngy l khong 6 triu ng, trong sut u
t thp nht l 1,7 triu v cao nht l 20 triu ng. Tng ng vi tng mc u t v
cng ngh s dng, bnh qun mt cng trnh cp nc cho khong 3300 h, v sut
u t cp nc 1 h l khong 2,8 triu ng. a s cc cng trnh c sut u t/h t
1-2 triu, nhng mt s trng hp ln n trn 4 triu ng.
Kt qu t bng 16 cho thy tr mt vi cng trnh c thc hin ngay trc v sau
nm 2000, a s cng trnh ch mi a vo s dng t nm 2009, trong ch mt t
cng trnh s dng ngun nc mt, cn hu ht l s dng ngun nc ngm. So vi
cng sut thit k, cc cng trnh nc trn hin nay ch mi khai thc mc bnh qun
l 43% sn lng nc. Trong s ny, c nhng cng trnh t mc khai thc thit
k nh Cng trnh cp nc x Phc Sn (100%), Cng trnh cp nc x Phc
Thun (97,8%) thuc huyn Tuy Phc v Nh my nc Ty Sn (93,3%). y l trong
s cc cng trnh c a vo s dng sm nht (nm 1996, 2005, v 2001 tng
ng). Trong khi , hu ht cc cng trnh mi a vo s dng nm 2009 ch t mc
cng sut 20-30% so vi cng sut thit k. iu ny cho thy, cn phi c thi gian
lu m rng mng li v tng mc s dng nc ca cc h dn c. So vi hiu
sut khai thc cng sut nc, t l h s dng nc thc t so vi thit k cao hn rt
nhiu (64,4% s h). nhiu cng trnh mi a vo vn hnh, mc d t l h s dng
nc rt cao, nhng t l khai thc cng sut nc rt thp, chng hn Cng trnh cp
nc th trn Bng Sn, Tam Quan, Hoi Tn, Hoi Ho, cc t l tng ng trn l 53,1% v
11,6%. iu ny chng t rng mc tiu th nc bnh qun cho mt h gia nh l rt thp so vi
mong i. Hin nay tnh trng s dng nc ca cc h dn so vi tham vng ban u
th khng thnh cng, cng sut s dng chim khong 20% so cng sut thit k. Tnh
bn vng v cp nc cha cao. S lng nc cung cp t cng trnh cp nc hin
ang b gim st so vi cc s lng ng k s dng ban u v c mt s h vn cn
s dng nhiu ngun nc khc do lin quan n li ch kinh t ca h (PVS qun l
Cng ty cp thot nc tnh Bnh nh, 2010). Mc tiu th thp ny l mt nguyn
nhn quan trng hng u dn n tnh trng thu khng chi ca cc n v cung cp
dch v.
Ngoi ra, mt ch bo ht sc quan trng v cht lng ca cc cng trnh cp nc l
t l tht thot nc. Da trn thng tin c c t 10 cng trnh cp nc, t l tht
thot nc bnh qun l 24,2%. y l mt t l cao so vi cc cng trnh mi c u
t. Cng trnh c t l tht thot nc thp nht l Nh my cp nc th trn Ph M
(12%) v Cng trnh cp nc 3 x khu ng An Nhn (17%). Mt s cng trnh c mc
tht thot nc ln n 30-40% nh cp nc th trn Bnh nh, cp nc th trn Tuy
Phc. y l mt trong nhng vn quan trng cn u tin gii quyt tng hiu
qu s dng nc.

28

V ngun nhn lc ang vn hnh cc cng trnh cp nc, kt qu t bng 17 cho thy
qui m trung bnh l khong 7 ngi/cng trnh, trong t 1-2 ngi c trnh k s,
3-4 ngi c trnh trung cp v 2 lao ng c c o to v k thut. V c bn,
ngun nhn lc ny p ng c yu cu qun l, vn hnh cng trnh nc. Tuy
nhin, ngun nhn lc ny phn b khng ng u. S k s ch tp trung vo mt s
cng trnh quan trng. Chng hn, trong tng s 20 k s th Cng trnh cp nc th trn
Bng Sn, Tam Quan, Hoi Tn, Hoi Ho c 6 k s v Nh my cp nc Ph M c
4 k s, chim 1/2 s k s. Mt s cng trnh nh, chng hn cp nc x Phc Sn
v cp nc x Phc Thun (Tuy Phc) c qun l bi ch yu l lao ng k
thut. Hu ht cc cng trnh cp nc u c xy dng qui ch qun l v c c ngi
tham gia cc lp tp hun v nc hng nm. Tuy nhin, thng tin c th v s ngi
tham d mt s cng trnh l khng y . Hu ht cc cng trnh c kho st ny
l theo m hnh doanh nghip nn ngun nhn lc, qui ch qun l, v tp hun hng
nm p ng c cc yu cu c bn v qun l cng trnh. cc cng trnh do UBND
x qun l, cht lng ngun nhn lc thp hn v cng tc xy dng qui ch v tp
hun nng cao nng lc cha c ch trng.
Gi nc l mt yu t nh hng n mc s dng nc ca khch hng v hiu qu
kinh t ca cng trnh cp nc. Kt qu t bng 18 cho thy, mc gi 1m3 nc cho
sinh hot ca h dn c l khong 3000ng, cho sinh hot c quan l khong
4000ng v cho kinh doanh l khong 6000ng. Tuy nhin, mc gi rt khc nhau ty
vo cng trnh nc; cc cng trnh nc sch nng thn c hng gi u i so vi
mc gi nc thng thng.
Tt c cng trnh cung cp nc sch nng thn d s dng bt k cng ngh no cng
u phi m bo cc tiu chun c bn. Nc c xt nghim ha sinh nh k i
vi cc ch s qui nh. Tuy nhin, ging nh c im chung ca cc cng trnh cp
nc sch nng thn ca tnh Bnh nh, nhiu cng trnh cp nc nh, s dng cng
ngh thp, thng l do UBND x qun l, vic nh gi kim nh nc cha c
quan tm ng mc, kh kim sot cht lng nc.
2. i vi lnh vc x l rc
Hin nay trn a bn 11 huyn, thnh ph ca tnh Bnh nh, ch c huyn An Lo l
cha c bt k hot ng thu gom rc no. Cc huyn min ni khc nh Vnh Thnh,
Vn Canh cng c hot ng thu gom rc ch v trc ng chnh ca th trn. Ngoi
thnh ph Qui Nhn c mng li thu gom rc kh hon chnh do Cng ty TNHH mi
trng th Qui Nhn hot ng ti 16/20 phng, x v Ban qun l d n Qun l
cht thi rn v sn xut phn compost da vo cng ng phng Nhn Ph, cc
huyn cn li u ch t chc thu gom rc cc th trn v mt s x c cng ng dn
c sng tp trung.
Bng 19 trnh by cc n v thu gom rc, phm vi hot ng, v ni rc ti 6 huyn
c kho st. Hoi Nhn c s tham gia ca hai n v thu gom rc l Cng ty TNHH
Nguyn Tn trn phm vi 9 x, th trn v Hp tc x Nng nghip Bng Sn Ty th
trn Bng Sn. Ph M v Ph Ct, vic thu gom rc do Ht Giao thng Cng chnh
huyn m trch, gm 5 x, th trn mi huyn. An Nhn, c hai n v l Cng ty
Mi trng th An Nhn hot ng trn a bn 5 x, th trn (gm c 2 x ca huyn

29

Tuy Phc) v Cng ty TNHH Nhn Th hot ng trn phm vi 5 x. Tuy Phc,
Cng ty TNHH Mi trng cy xanh H Thanh thu gom rc 11 x v 2 th trn trn a
bn huyn. Ty Sn, Hp tc x nng nghip dch v Ph Phong II m trch vic thu
gom rc 4 x, th trn ca huyn. Mt s huyn nh An Nhn, Tuy Phc, v Hoi
Nhn c hot ng thu gom rc trn phm vi rng hn cc huyn cn li. Tuy nhin,
khng phi ton b dn s thuc cc x, th trn nm trong phm vi thu gom rc u
tham gia vo dch v ny. Cng tc thu gom rc thc hin ch yu cc th trn v cc
h dn nng thn c tr tp trung trn cc trc ng chnh m thi.
Trn a bn tnh hin nay, ni rc ln nht l bi rc Long M, TP. Qui Nhn, c din
tch 30.000m2. Mc d c qui hoch v qun l tt hn cc ni khc, bi rc ny cng
mi ch p ng cc yu cu k thut c bn v cng ang c du hiu qu ti. Cng ty
TNHH Mi trng cy xanh H Thanh ca huyn Tuy Phc cng s dng bi rc ny.
S phn ng ca c dn chung quanh bi rc Long M i vi vic chuyn rc v y
cho thy tnh trng nhim ca cc bi rc i vi mi trng v sinh hot ca ngi
dn chung quanh, v tr thnh vn nng bng khng ch y m cn nhiu a
phng khc trong tnh. Ngoi mt s bi rc c qui m tng i rng (t 10.000m2 tr
ln) cc huyn Ty Sn, Ph Ct, An Nhn, cc bi rc cn li u c din tch rt
nh, ch vi ngn mt vung. Hoi Nhn cung cp mt v d in hnh cho nhng kh
khn trong vic qui hoch bi rc n nh lu di v xa khu dn c. Khng x no mun
qui hoch bi rc a bn mnh, dn n tnh trng chia ct v tm thi trong vic x l
rc sau khi thu gom. a im qui hoch bi rc l mt vn x hi v mi trng mang
tnh thi s v rt kh gii quyt hin nay.
Trong qu trnh thu gom cht thi t ngun pht sinh, phn ln cc a phng u thc
hin kh tt. Ngun nhn lc trc tip thu gom, x l cht thi rn v c bn p ng
c nhu cu hin ti. cc huyn, mi n v thu gom c khong 5-7 ngi trc tip
thu gom v x l. Tuy nhin, phn ln lc lng lao ng ny l lao ng ph thng, hc
vn thp, v khng c o to chuyn mn nghip v. Mt s n v thu gom rc thi
cha c xe chuyn dng vn chuyn rc n bi chn lp nh huyn Ty Sn, huyn
Ph Ct (hin nay ang s dng xe ben vn chuyn).
Cng ngh x l rc hin nay ch l t ti bi, o h chn lp, v rc vi gi v
sinh mi trng. Vic phn loi rc ti ngun cha c thc hin, rc cha c ti
ch, ti s dng, ngoi tr cng nhn v sinh la giy vn v nhm nha bn kim
thm thu nhp mt cch t pht. Mt s bi chn lp cht thi rn ca cc a phng
mang tnh tm thi, phn ln khng c tng bao, bi chn lp khng hp v sinh,
khng c hnh thc x l nc r rc, cht thi rn c mt cch t nhin. Cng
on x l hin nay ch yu l kh mi, dit trung v chn lp. Bi chn lp c xy
dng theo kiu kh na chm, na ni. Cng tc x l ti cc bi chn lp thc hin
cha tht tt, gy nhim pht sinh ra mi trng xung quanh.
Hu ht cc n v thu gom v x l cht thi rn trn l n v hot ng cng ch v
mt s doanh nghip t nhn. Phn ln cc n v ny c chnh quyn a phng h
tr kinh ph mua sm thit b, h tr kinh ph hot ng thng xuyn v kinh ph x l
rc ti bi chn lp cc n v ny duy tr hot ng v khon thu khng b chi.
Thu nhp ca ngi lao ng cn thp (600.000-1.000.000ng/ngi/thng). S thua

30

l ca cc n v hot ng trong lnh vc ny l do mc thu ph t cc h gia nh thp

(10.000 ng/h/thng), trong khi a bn hot ng nng thn rng, dn c tha tht,
chi ph thi gian cho vic thu gom mt n v rc thi ln, c ly vn chuyn xa (bnh qun
40 km, c i v); phn ln khi lng rc thu gom u a i chn lp, khng c ti
s dng, ti sn xut.
Hnh vi thi rc ca ngi dn cn nhiu hn ch, vic tun th thi gian, a im tp
kt rc cha c thc hin nghim tc dn n cng nhn thu gom phi mt nhiu thi
gian thu nht. Trong nhng nm gn y, cng tc truyn thng vn ng x hi v
bo v mi trng c cc cp, cc ngnh, cc hi on th quan tm v bc u
nhn thc ca ngi dn c ci thin ng k. Tuy nhin, nhng hnh vi ca
mt b phn ngi dn thay i theo hng tch cc th cn phi tng cng cng tc
truyn thng mt cch thng xuyn, lin tc hn.
3. i vi lnh vc nc thi
Hin nay, trn a bn 6 huyn ca vng d n cha c cng trnh x l nc thi tp
trung no. Nc thi sinh hot, chn nui v sn xut hin nay do cc t chc v c
nhn c pht sinh t x l trc khi thi ra mi trng.
Cc loi hnh x l nc thi c p dng ph bin hin nay:
o i vi h gia nh: X l bng hm biogas, vi quy m t 2,5-20m3, phc v cc h
sn xut nh. y l loi cng ngh kh n gin, d thi cng, v vn hnh thun
tin.
o i vi cc c s sn xut: Thng p dng cng ngh x l Hiu kh (cc c s
sn xut ch bin thc phm), lng lc (cc c s sn xut xy dng) trc khi
thi ra mi trng.
Hin nay, nc thi trong sinh hot, chn nui v sn xut l mt trong nhng vn rt
c quan tm. Tnh trng cht thi, nc thi chn nui t cc gia tri, trng tri gy
nhim mi trng trong khu dn c vng nng thn n mc bo ng. Mt s c s
sn xut gn nh khng x l nc thi hoc x l khng t yu cu nhng vn thi ra
mi trng gy nhim nghim trng.
Cng tc qun l nh nc v nc thi hin nay cn gp rt nhiu kh khn, mt s c
s sn xut thng hay x l i ph khi c on kim tra, thm ch bt hp tc vi c
quan chc nng.

31

PHN II. I VI H GIA NH

I. M T NGI TR LI V H TRONG MU KHO ST
1. c im ngi tr li
Cuc kho st phng vn bng bn hi nh lng vi 720 ngi i din cho h gia
nh. Trong s nhng ngi tr li, ch h hoc v/chng ch h chim 86,7% v nam
gii chim hn 52%. Khng c s khc bit nhau nhiu khi so snh gia cc x, cc
huyn vi nhau. V thnh phn dn tc, ngi Kinh chim tuyt i a s, vi 91,8%, v
8,2% cn li l ngi Bana, tp trung x Vnh An, huyn Ty Sn.
Do ngi tr li ch yu l ch h hoc v/chng ch h nn thng tp trung vo nhm
trung nin tr ln. Tui bnh qun ca ngi tr li l 47. Nhm tui di 30 ch chim
10,3%, trong khi nhm 30-50 chim n 51,9% v trn 50 l 37,8%. C cu tui ny cho
thy nhng ngi tr li c kinh nghim v s am hiu tnh trng gia nh v cng ng
ni mnh sinh sng.
Hc vn ca ngi dn nng thn ch t mc trung bnh (bng 20). Nhng ngi c
trnh cp 1 tr xung chim n 28,8%, c trnh cp 2 chim t l 46,7%, trong khi
c trnh cp 3 tr ln chim 24,6% trong mu kho st. Nam gii c trnh hc vn
cp 3 tr ln cao hn ph n. Mc khc bit gia cc huyn khng ln, ngoi tr
huyn An Nhn ni tri hn, vi 38,7% s ngi c hi c trnh hc vn cp 3 do
ng gp ca th trn Bnh nh. Tuy nhin, s khc bit l rt ng k khi so snh mc
hc vn gia cc th trn v cc x. C n 59,3% s ngi c hi th trn Bnh
nh c trnh hc vn cp 3, tip n l th trn Ph Phong, vi 42,9%. Trong khi ,
t l ny hu ht cc x l di 20%, tr x Phc Thng t 33,9%. C bit x c
nhiu ngi Bana sinh sng, x Vnh An, ch c 7% s ngi c hc vn cp 3, trong lc
c n 78,9% s ngi ch c hc vn cp 1. S khc bit v hc vn c th nh hng
ng k n nhn thc v mc sn sng ca ngi dn i vi vic tip cn cc dch
v nc, rc thi, v v sinh mi trng.
C cu ngh nghip phn nh trnh pht trin kinh t, iu kin sng, v mt mc
nht nh nhn thc ca dn c. Kt qu bng 21 cho thy, sn xut nng lm ng
nghip l hot ng ch yu ca nhng ngi tr li, chim khong 59,7%. Nhng
ngi lm phi nng nghip, bao gm cc hot ng tiu th cng nghip, bun bn dch
v, v lm vic tr lng theo ngy cng nh th h, th mc chim khong 24%. Ch
mt b phn nh (6,7%) l cn b vin chc, thng l nhng ngi c hc vn cao, c
ngh nghip n nh, v c v tr x hi nng thn. Khong 10% dn s l nhng ngi
gi yu hoc ni tr, khng tham gia lao ng. C cu ngh nghip ny l kh c trng
cho x hi nng thn Vit Nam.
So snh gia cc a phng vi nhau, c 2 khc bit ng k. Mt l s khc bit
mt mc nht nh v t l phi nng nghip gia cc x. Mt s x tp trung ch yu
vo sn xut nng lm ng nghip nn t l lao ng phi nng nghip rt thp nh Vnh
An, Ct Lm, v M Chu. Ngc li, mt s x c t l lao ng phi nng nghip kh
cao nh Tam Quan Nam (39%), Phc Thng (33,9%), Phc Lc (30,5%). Cc ngh
tiu th cng nghip da trn cc ngun ti nguyn thin nhin ti ch nh ch to sn
phm x da, an lt ng vai tr quan trng i vi cc hot ng phi nng nghip
32

cc x. Hu ht cc x cn li c t l lao ng phi nng nghip dao ng trn di 20%.

S khc bit th hai r nt hn l gia cc x vi cc th trn. T l lao ng phi nng
nghip th trn Bnh nh chim 50,9% v th trn Ph Phong l 31,7%. C cu ngh
nghip trn phn nh trnh pht trin cao hn, mc tp trung dn c ng c hn
ca cc th trn v mt s x c hot ng phi nng nghip cao so vi cc x cn li.
iu ny c th c nh hng i vi kh nng tip nhn cc dch v nc sch, thu
gom rc v v sinh mi trng.
2. c im h gia nh
Cc c im c bn ca h gia nh c kho st lin quan n vn nghin cu
c trnh by bng 22. Qui m trung bnh ca h l 4,3 ngi v khng c s khc
nhau ng k no gia cc x v cc huyn. T l h ngho khong 12,5% nhng c s
khc nhau kh ln gia cc huyn v cc x. Tuy Phc v An Nhn l hai huyn c t
l h ngho thp nht, tng ng l 4,1% v 5,9%. Cc x thuc hai huyn ny cng l
nhng a phng c t l h ngho thp nht. Cc huyn Hoi Nhn, Ph M, v Ph
Ct c t l h ngho thp hn mt cht so vi mc trung bnh. X dn tc t ngi min
ni Vnh An c t l h ngho c bit cao, chim n 64,9% trong tng s h kho
st. Cc th trn Bnh nh v Ph Phong cng c t l h ngho thp. Ngoi ra, s h
gia nh chnh sch trong tng s 720 h c kho st ti 24 x/th trn chim13,6%.
Mt s x c t l h gia nh chnh sch cao nh Tam Quan Nam (28,3%) v Hoi
Hng (16,4%) ca huyn Hoi Nhn, M Hip (19,7%) v M Chu (16,7%) ca huyn
Ph M, Vnh An (17,5%) ca huyn Ty Sn. T l h ngho v h gia nh chnh sch
cao thng tp trung nhng vng khng chin v iu kin kh khn.
Nh l mt ch bo c bn phn nh iu kin sng ca dn c. Do thng xuyn i
mt vi bo l, hu ht nh ca h gia nh l nh kin c v bn kin c (99,2%),
trong s h c nh bn kin c l 55,3%. S h nh tm b ch chim 0,8%. S
khc bit v cht lng nh gia cc x l khng ng k, ngoi tr Vnh An c cht
lng nh thp hn, vi 89,5% nh bn kin c. Cc th trn Bnh nh v Ph
Phong t l nh kin c cao (ch 28.8% v 38.1% nh bn kin c). Hu ht cc h gia
nh u c s dng ngun in thp sng. Tuy nhin, mt yu t cn phi tnh n i
vi kh nng tip cn ngun nc my v thu gom rc, nc thi l khong cch t nh
n ng chnh. Tnh chung, c khong 22,4% s h c nh cc ng chnh trn
100m. Mt s x nh M Chu, t l ny ln n 73,3%. Nh phn b khng tp trung
v xa ng chnh l mt tr ngi khng nh cho vic tip cn cc dch v nc sch v
v sinh mi trng.
Mt c im khc cn lu l vic chn nui gia sc nng thn. C n 53,1% s h
gia nh c chn nui gia sc, thng l trong vn, gn nh . Mt s x c t l h
chn nui c bit cao nh M Chu (91,7%), M Hip (73,8%) ca huyn Ph M, Ct
Lm (82,5%) ca huyn Ph Ct, v Vnh An (80,7%) ca huyn Ty Sn. Ngay c th
trn Ph Phong cng c n 28,6% s h c chn nui gia sc. y l mt trong nhng
ngun chnh gy nhim ngun nc v khng kh nng thn.
Thu nhp l mt trong nhng ch bo quan trng nht th hin mc sng ca dn c v
l c s quan trng nh gi kh nng s dng cc dch v nc sch v v sinh mi

33

trng. Mc thu nhp v c cu thu nhp c trnh by bng 23. Tnh chung, mc
thu nhp bnh qun nhn khu ca h l 877 ngn ng/thng. Mc thu nhp c s khc
nhau ng k gia cc a phng. a phng c thu nhp cao nht l th trn Bnh
nh (1498 ngn ng/thng), tip n l th trn Ph Phong (1298 ngn ng/thng),
nhng hai x Phc Thng v Phc Lc ca huyn Tuy Phc cng c mc thu nhp
bnh qun u ngi trn 1 triu ng/thng. Cc x cn li c mc thu nhp thp hn
trung bnh, c bit cc h x Vnh An ca huyn Ty Sn c mc thu nhp bnh qun
u ngi ch 314 ngn ng/thng, thp hn rt nhiu so vi cc a phng cn li.
V c cu thu nhp, ngun thu t bun bn dch v, lao ng lm thu, v t trng trt
chim t l cao nht, tng ng l 21,2%, 20,4%, v 18,8%. Tin lng thng xuyn,
chn nui gia nh, v tin hu tr, tr cp cng l nhng ngun thu ng k, tng ng
l 16,9%, 10,6%, v 9,9%. C cu thu nhp ca h gia nh cho thy, thu nhp t cc
hot ng nng nghip ch chim khong 30% tng thu nhp. Cc khon thu nhp t lao
ng lm thu, bun bn dch v chim khong 40%. Ngun thu t tin lng trong khu
vc kinh t chnh thc ch tp trung ch yu mt b phn nh dn c lm vic cho cc
c quan hnh chnh s nghip a phng.
Tuy nhin, c cu thu nhp c s khc bit rt ln gia cc a phng, ph thuc rt
nhiu vo iu kin t nhin ti ch. Mt s x c ngun thu t trng trt chim trn 30%
tng thu nhp nh Hoi Hng, M Chu, Ct Lm, Nhn An, Vnh An. Trong khi ,
mt s a phng c t trng thu nhp t nng nghip rt thp, nh th trn Bnh nh
(1,3%), th trn Ph Phong (4,6%), x Phc Lc (11,5%). Mt s x c t trng ngun
thu cao t chn nui gm cc x Tam Quan Nam, Hoi Hng ca huyn Hoi Nhn,
M Chu ca huyn Ph M, Ct Lm ca huyn Ph Ct, v Vnh An ca huyn Ty
Sn. Nhng ni c mt dn s cao nh hai th trn th t trng ngun thu t chn nui
l khng ng k. Vai tr quan trng ca ngun thu t chn nui mt s a phng
t ra mt thch thc khng nh trong vic qui hoch hoc hn ch chn nui gia sc
trong khu vc ca c dn nng thn.
T trng ngun thu t lao ng lm thu khng c s khc bit ln gia cc a phng
v s ph bin v linh hot ca th trng lao ng lm thu, nhng khon thu t bun
bn dch v v tin lng th c s khc bit rt ln, ph thuc vo v tr thun li hay
khng. Ngoi th trn Bnh nh v th trn Ph Phong c v tr ni bt, mt s x cng c
t trng thu nhp t hai ngun ny kh cao nh Phc Thng, Phc Lc ca huyn
Tuy Phc. Thng thng, y l nhng a phng c trnh pht trin cao hn v
c iu kin hn tip nhn cc dch v cung cp nc sch v v sinh mi trng.
Phn tch su hn s phn b thu nhp gia cc nhm dn c (c trnh by bng
24) cho thy c s khc bit ng k gia 5 nhm thu nhp. 20% nhm thu nhp thp
nht ch c 257 ngn ng/ngi/thng, trong khi 20% nhm thu nhp cao nht l 1940
ngn ng/ngi/thng. Mc d s khc bit gia 2 nhm ny trong ton mu kho st
l 7,5 ln, nhng s khc bit tp trung ch yu l gia 3 nhm di vi 2 nhm trn: 1 ;
1,9 ; 2,7 ; 3,9 ; 7,5. Mc khc bit gia 5 nhm thu nhp cc a phng c khc
nhau nhng khng ng k. D sao, vi mc thu nhp khim tn ca 20% nhm thp
nht, cc khon phi ph nu c cho nc, rc, v v sinh mi trng, d khng ln cng

34

rt kh khn i vi nhng h ny. y tht s l mt vn cn phi tnh n khi xy

dng cc d n v nc sch v v sinh mi trng cng nh gi bn sn phm.
Mc chi tiu v c cu chi tiu ca h gia nh c trnh by bng 25. Tnh chung
cho c 6 huyn, mc chi tiu bnh qun nhn khu/thng ca h gia nh l 508 ngn
ng, trong chi cho n ung chim 46,2%, chi cho hc hnh l 19,9%, chi cho chm
sc sc khe l 4,8%, v chi tin in l 4,1%. Bn khon chi c bn v quan trng nht
chim n 75% tng chi ca h gia nh. Ch 1/4 s chi tiu ca h l dnh cho tt c cc
nhu cu cn li. iu ny cho thy, mc sng ca cc h dn c kho st l kh
ngho. Tnh trung bnh, s tin m mi h phi tr cho tin nc v tin rc hin nay ch
khon 2 ngn/thng v 1 ngn/thng tng ng, chim 0,5% cho tin nc v 0,2% cho
tin rc trong tng chi ca h gia nh. Nu ch tnh ring cho nhng ngi c s dng
dch v nc my hoc thu gom rc (s c phn tch phn sau) th t trng ny s
tng ln v ch khong 1/3 s h l c s dng nc my v s h c s dng dch v
thu gom rc cn t hn nhiu. T trng chi cho tin nc v tin rc trong tng chi hin
nay l c s quan trng cho cc trin vng m rng cc dch v trn trong tng lai.

II. NC SINH HOT

Ngun nc s dng trong sinh hot v c bn c phn thnh 2 ngun chnh: (1) t
cc d n cp nc sch tp trung ( cho n gin bt u t y c gi l nc
my) v (2) t cc ngun nc do h gia nh t khai thc nh ging o, ging khoan,
v mt s loi nc khc. Cc ngun nc ny c s dng ch yu cho cc mc
ch: ung, nu n, tm ra, v ti cy. Vic phn loi cc mc ch s dng khc
nhau l cn thit nh gi c cu v tim nng s dng nc ca h gia nh trong
tng lai.
Mc d t l h gia nh s dng nc my nng thn rt khim tn, thc trng hot
ng v cht lng dch v nc my cng cn c nh gi nng cao v m rng
cc chng trnh cung cp nc sch nng thn. Do vy, nhng ni c h thng cung
cp nc my, cc h s dng nc my c phng vn s c gia trng nhm to
ra mt dung lng mu ln c th phn tch. Do vy, t l nhng h s dng nc
my trong mu kho st khng phn nh ng t l trn thc t. Trong phn tch thc
trng ngun nc, ngoi cc m t chung, cc h s dng v khng s dng ngun
nc my s c thc hin ring bit.
Kt qu bng 26 v c cu ca cc h theo tnh trng ngun nc trong mu kho st
gm: 449 h ni khng c nc my, chim 62,4% trong tng s; 243 h ni c s
dng nc my, chim 33,8%; v 28 h ni c ng ng nc my nhng khng s
dng, chim 3,9%. Cc t l ny phn b khng u gia cc x v cc huyn, ty thuc
vo tnh trng ni c nc my hay khng. Mt s x c t l h s dng nc my
cao nh x Vnh An v th trn Ph Phong ca huyn Ty Sn, th trn Bnh nh ca
huyn An Nhn, x Phc Thng ca huyn Tuy Phc. Trong khi , phn ln cc x
cn li c t l h ni khng c nc my rt cao. Ngoi ra, c mt s h c ng
ng nc gn nh nhng khng s dng cng c kho st nhm tm hiu l do ca
vic khng s dng ny. Vic phn thnh 3 nhm cho php phn tch cc vn khc

35

nhau lin quan n nhu cu v ngun nc, cht lng dch v, v nhng hn ch cn
khc phc.
1. Thc trng ngun nc sinh hot hin nay ca cc h dn c
1.1. Thc trng ngun nc hin nay ca cc h dn khng dng nc my
Bng 27 trnh by thc trng ngun nc ung ca cc h gia nh khng dng nc
my. V c bn, ngun nc ung c s dng ph bin nht nng thn l ging
o (chim 55,5%), tip n l ging ng (28,2%). Mt t l kh ng k s dng nc
ng bnh (8%) v nc bn (4,9%), thng l mua t ni khc ch v. Vic s dng
nc ging khoan nhng ni c th khoan c tr nn ph bin trong nhng nm
gn y khi li in c a v nng thn. Tuy nhin cc kin ca ngi dn trong
cc cuc tho lun nhm cho thy iu ny cn ph thuc vo vic ngun nc ngm
ni c b nhim phn hoc nhim mn khng, c b vng khng, ngun nc
ging c di do v c cht lng tt khng? y l nhng nguyn nhn quan trng gii
thch cho s khc nhau kh ln v t l h s dng nc ging khoan gia cc a
phng. Hu nh cc h hai x thuc huyn Ph M ch s dng nc ging o.
Ngc li, s h s dng ging ng huyn An Nhn cao nht v gp i s h s
dng ging o (57,1% so vi 26,2%). Mt s a phng nh x Vnh An, x Phc
Thng, v th trn Bnh nh, ni c h thng cp nc tp trung th t s dng nc
ging khoan hoc ging o.
So vi ngun nc dng ung, t l cc ngun nc dng nu n cng tng t,
mc d t l dng nc ng bnh gim ng k, trong khi t l s dng nc ging
khoan v ging o tng ln (bng 28). L do ca s khc bit ny l v nc ung c
quan tm hn v cht lng, nhiu khi phi mua, trong khi ngi dn c th dng ngun
nc ti ch nu n.
Tng t nh vi mc ch ung v nu n, ging khoan v ging o l hai ngun
nc ch yu c dng tm ra. im khc nhau duy nht l cc h dn khng
dng nc phi mua nh nc bn cho vic tm ra, m ch dng ngun nc ti ch
(bng 29). Khun mu ny l tng ng tt c cc a phng, k c cc th trn, tr
x Vnh An c s dng min ph t cc ngun nc cng cng. iu ny cho thy
gii hn ca vic s dng nc nu pht trin cc d n cung cp nc tp trung
nng thn.
i vi ngun nc dng ti cy ca h, ngoi ging khoan v ging o, cc h
dn cn s dng nhng ngun nc khc (bng 30). Cc quan st v trao i vi ngi
dn ca nhm nghin cu cho thy cc ngun nc khc ph bin nht l t cc ao o
cn trong vn, t trng hoa mu. Vic s dng ngun nc ti ch ny gip gim chi
ch v tin in khi s dng my bm t ging ng.
Kt qu phn tch i vi 4 mc ch s dng nc quan trng nht l ung, nu n, tm
ra, v ti cy cho thy: i vi nhng h khng c nc my hin nay th ging o
vn l ngun nc chnh nhng ging khoan cng rt quan trng v l ngun nc
chnh mt s a phng. Mt t l nh h gia nh dng nc ng bnh ung,
hoc nc bn ung v nu n, nhng vi mc ch tm git th hu ht ch s dng
nc ging khoan v ging o, vi mc ch ti cy th cn s dng ng k ngun

36

nc ao h. iu ny cho thy nhu cu v ngun nc l khc nhau cho cc mc ch

s dng khc nhau v cung cp cc gi cho cng tc nh gi nhu cu tim nng v
tiu th nc trong thi gian ti.
1.2. Thc trng ngun nc hin nay ca cc h c nc my
C s khc nhau c bn v vic s dng cc ngun nc cho nhng mc ch khc
nhau ca nhng h c nc my so vi nhng h khng c nc my. Ngoi ra, vic s
dng thm cc ngun nc ti ch khc ngoi nc my l mt ch bo quan trng
hiu c tnh trng s dng nc ca nhng h ny v nh gi kh nng tiu th
nc ca h i vi cc d n cung cp nc my trong tng lai.
Kt qu t bng 31 cho thy, i vi mc ch ung v nu n th tng ng c
n 96,7% v 99,6% s h s dng nc my. iu ny l hon ton d hiu, v nc
my m bo v v sinh theo cc tiu chun nc sch nng thn ca chnh ph Vit
Nam. Nhn chung, khng c s khc bit ng k v mc s dng nc my gia
cc a phng. Tuy nhin, mt s t h gia nh c s dng nc ging khoan ung.
Cc cuc tho lun vi ngi dn cho thy, mt s t trng hp nc my nng mi
Clo hoc khi gp s c thng xuyn th ngi dn s dng nc ging khoan, hoc
ging khoan c cht lng nc tt th h vn s dng nc ging khoan.
Bng 32 trnh by cc ngun nc dng tm ra v ti cy ca nhng h trn. iu
cn lu l mc d c nc my nhng ch c 53,1% s h s dng ngun nc ny
cho mc ch tm ra, 46,9% s h cn li s dng nhng ngun nc khc. Nc
ging khoan c s dng nhiu th hai (chim 23%) v tip n l ging o (8,6%).
Mc s dng cc ngun nc cho cc mc ch tm ra dao ng kh ln gia cc
a phng. Cc h huyn Hoi Nhn, Tuy Phc, Ty Sn c t l s dng nc
my cho tm ra t khong 60-70%, trong khi huyn An Nhn, t l ny l di 30%.
T l s dng cc ngun nc ging khoan v ging o cng rt khc nhau, ty thuc
ch yu vo vic h gia nh c ging khoan hay ging o. huyn Tuy Phc, c n
29,5% s h s dng ging khoan, cn huyn An Nhn th t l ny thm ch ln n
45,6. Th trn Bnh nh c t l s dng ging khoan cho vic tm ra cao nht, chim
63%. Ngc li x Nhn An th c n 72% l s dng nc ging o tm ra.
S chia s rt ng k ca cc ngun nc khc ngoi nc my cho cc mc ch t
u tin hn so vi ung v nu n nh tm git l mt tnh cht rt quan trng cn
tnh n khi d bo mc tiu th nc my khi pht trin cc d n.
Vi mc ch ti cy, t l h gia nh s dng nc my cn thp hn, chim 32,9%,
d vn l ngun quan trng nht. Ging khoan cng l mt ngun cung cp quan trng,
chim 24,7% trong tng s h. Ngoi ra, ngun nc khc chim n 28,4%, ch yu l
cc ao o trong vn, rt thun tin cho nng dn trong vic ti hoa mu ca h. Cc
quan st thc a v cc trao i ca nhm nghin cu vi ngi dn v cn b a
phng cho thy, a s ngi dn ch s dng nc my cho cc mc ch n, ung, v
mt phn cho vic tm ra. Mc d c gn 1/3 s h c s dng nc my ti cy,
h ch dng ti cy king ch khng phi ti hoa mu trong vn, nn thc t
mc tiu th nc cho hot ng ny khng cao. Gn 1/2 s h c nc my s dng
ng thi ging khoan hoc ging o cho cc mc ch t u tin hn l tm ra v ti
cy. Nu ch s dng cho mc ch n ung th s lng nc my tiu dng hng

37

thng ca mt h hin nay l rt thp. Nhiu kin cho rng, do vic cung cp nc my
nng thn cn kh mi m, khi m h gia nh c sn ging khoan v ging o ri,
th h s tip tc s dng cc ngun nc ny cho n khi no khng s dng c
na h mi chuyn sang dng nc my. Ngi dn s chuyn sang s dng nhiu
hn nc my sau khi cc ging khoan khng cn s dng c na nu chi ph phi
tr cho nc my khng qu cao. Tuy nhin, nc ging o vn c tui th rt lu s
vn c s dng t nht cho vic ti cy v mt phn cho tm ra.
2. Cht lng nc phn theo mc ch s dng
Cht lng ngun nc s dng ca cc h dn c c nh gi theo hai cch: (1)
nhn xt cm quan i vi 4 tnh cht l mu sc, mi, v, trong ca nc, v (2) nhn
xt chung v cht lng nc theo 4 cp l tt, kh, trung bnh, v di trung bnh. Cc
nhn xt trn c dng nh gi cht lng cc ngun nc c s dng cho 3
mc ch chnh l ung, nu n, v tm ra.
2.1. Cht lng nc ung
V mt cm quan, trn 80% s h cho rng ngun nc dng ung l khng mu,
khng mi, khng v, v khng c. T l nc khng c v l t ti 95,8%. Tuy nhin,
ngun nc ung ca gn 20% s h cn li l vn cn c mu, c mi, c v l, v b
c (bng 33). Mc d ch l cc tnh cht cm quan, nhng n phn nh cht lng ca
ngun nc v cho thy t nht l 1/5 s ngun nc ny khng thch hp cho vic s
dng ca ngi dn.
Cc quan st v trao i ca nhm nghin cu vi ngi dn a phng cho thy,
nc mt s ni c mu vng nht hoc m ty mc nhim phn ca tng vng
c th. Mc nhim phn tng cao hn trong ma kh v do vy nc c mu vng
hn. Ngun nc mt s ni cn c mi tanh, thng l do ni y c nhiu bn. Tuy
nhin, nhng ni m ngun nc ngm b nhim cc cht thi sn xut th nc cn
c mi hi. Mc d t l c v l thp hn so vi cc tnh cht cn li, ngun nc mt
s ni b nhim mn v do vy c v mn v khng ngt nh nc bnh thng. Ngoi
ra, nc ging o mt s ni cn b c, ph bin nht l vo ma kh hn hoc
ngp lt, v nhiu tp cht trong ngun nc. Mc d t l nh gi c khc nhau gia
cc a phng, chnh lch l khng ln, tr x Hoi Hng ca huyn Hoi Nhn
v x Ct Tin huyn Ph Ct. Cc nh gi cm quan v ngun nc ung hai x
ny km hn cc x cn li. Gn mt na s h Ct Tin cho rng nc ung c mu
v c mi, gn 1/3 cho rng nc b c. Hn 1/4 s h Hoi Hng cng nhn xt
rng nc c mu v c mi. Nhiu ngi dn cho rng ngun nc sng, rch Hoi
Hng b nhim bi ngnh ch bin khoai m t x Hoi Ho v lm nhim c nc
ging khi b ngp lt. y l mt trong nhng l do quan trng khin h nh gi cht
lng ngun nc ging m h s dng khng c cht lng tt. Trong khi , Ct Tin
l mt trong nhng ni b nhim phn nng, nhiu bn trong lng t v thng khng
nc sinh hot vo ma kh hn.
nh gi ca ngi dn v cht lng ngun nc ung c th hin bng 34. Nhn
chung, ngi dn nh gi kh cao v cht lng ngun nc ny, vi 62,1% tt, 19,9%
kh, 15,6% trung bnh, v ch c 2,5% cho rng di trung bnh. Mc d cc nhn nh
ny mang tnh ch quan, n cho thy trong nhn thc ca ngi dn, ngun nc m h
38

gia nh ang s dng v c bn l c th chp nhn c, tr mt s ni khng p

ng yu cu v cn phi c ngun thay th.
Tuy nhin, cht lng ca ngun nc c nh gi kh chnh lch gia cc a
phng. Cht lng nc ung ba huyn pha Bc l Hoi Nhn, Ph M, v Ph Ct
thp hn so vi ba huyn pha Nam l Tuy Phc, An Nhn, v Ty Sn. Mt phn
ca s khc nhau ny l ba huyn sau c t l s dng nc my cao hn v cht
lng nc my tt hn. Tuy nhin, s nh gi ny cng phn nh cht lng ngun
nc mt s a phng cn cha tt. Chng hn, t l nh gi cht lng nc tt
x Ct Tin ca huyn Ph Ct ch t mc 28,3%. y l mt trong nhng ni m
nhiu ch bo cho thy c s kh khn v ngun nc.
2.2. Cht lng nc nu n
i vi ngun nc dng nu n, cc nh gi cm quan ca ngi dn cng tng
t nh i vi ngun nc dng ung, nhng c cht lng thp hn mt cht (bng
35). Cc khun mu ny l ph hp vi t l cc ngun nc c h gia nh s dng
cho mc ch ung v nu n. i vi mc ch ung, mt s h dn s dng nc ng
bnh, trong khi vn nu n bng nc ging o hoc ging khoan. y l l do cc t l
v khng mu, khng mi, khng v, v khng c u thp hn, nhng khng nhiu so
vi cc ch tiu ca nc ung.
Mt cch tng t, nh gi chung v cht lng nc nu n cng thp hn mt cht
so vi cht lng nc ung, theo t l nh gi cht lng tt gim i mt t trong
khi cht lng kh, trung bnh v di trung bnh tng ln mt tng ng (bng 36). Ni
chung, cc a phng c kho st cng th hin xu hng chung ny. Theo , cht
lng ngun nc nu n tt ch chim hn 1/5 s h x Ct Tin ca huyn Ph Ct
v 1/3 s h x Hoi Hng ca huyn Hoi Nhn, hai x nh gi cht lng nc
km nht trong s 12 x c kho st.
2.3. Cht lng nc tm ra
So vi ngun nc ung v nc nu n, cc nhn xt cm quan v ngun nc dnh
cho tm ra c nh gi thp hn nhiu (bng 37). Ch trn 70% s h cho rng
ngun nc tm ra t yu cu v mu, mi, v trong, v 90% s h nh gi l
khng c v l. Cc nh gi ny cng ph hp vi ngun nc m h gia nh s dng.
Trong nhn thc ca nhiu ngi dn nng thn, ngun nc tm ra cha phi l mt
u tin so vi nc ung v nu n. Do vy, h c th tm trc tip t ngun nc
sng, ging o, ging khoan, trong s c nhng ngun nc b nhim phn, nhim
mn, c, v nhiu tp cht l lng trong nc. Tnh trng ngun nc v cch s dng
nc ca cc h dn x Phc Lc, huyn Tuy Phc cng phn nh nhng tnh cht
chung ca nhiu x ven bin nh Hoi Hng ca huyn Hoi Nhn, Ct Tin ca
huyn Ph Ct, v mt s ni khc.

39

Hp 1: Thc trng ngun nc x Phc Lc, huyn Tuy Phc

- Ngun nc nhim phn n 95% v rt thiu nc sch.
- 50% s h s dng nc bnh ung. a s ngi gi th un si nc pha tr,
cn li s dng nc ging khoan c lc nu n.
- Hu nh ging khoan no su th u b phn (khong 7m th b phn, nu khoan
su hn na th li b mn, ng v cng tn thm chi ph).
- C 2 loi phn: Phn st th nc mu vng. Th 2 l nc b phn nhng khi mc ln
mu vn trong v li c mi tanh, lu th chuyn mu vng. Tuy nhin vn nc
s dng. Ging o th li b thiu nc vo ma kh nn h s dng thm ging
khoan (50% c c ging khoan v ging o), nu khng c ging khoan th i xin nc
hng xm.
- Tm git s dng bng nc ging khoan.
(TLN h dn thn M Phc 2, Phc Lc, Tuy Phc)
Cht lng nc tm ra thp hn so vi cht lng nc ung v nu n. nh gi
ca cc h v cht lng ca ngun nc tm ra nh sau: 51,3% s h cho rng tt,
21,7% cho rng kh, 22% cho rng trung bnh, v 5% cho rng di trung bnh (bng
38). Kt qu ny cho thy cc mc u tin khc nhau cho nhng mc ch s dng
nc khc nhau. So vi cc a phng khc, ngi dn x Hoi Hng ca huyn
Hoi Nhn c nh gi thp nht v cht lng nc tm ra, vi ch 6,6% tt, 14,8%
kh, 65,6% trung bnh, v 13,1% di trung bnh. nh gi ny ph hp vi kin ca
ngi dn ni y v vic ngun nc mt Hoi Hng b nhim do nc thi ca
cc h sn xut tinh bt m x Hoi Ho khi ma ln lm ngp lt c ging nc ca
vng ny. Cht lng ngun nc Ct Tin cng khng c ngi dn nh gi cao.
Cht lng nc tm ra khng tt l nguyn nhn quan trng hng u gy nga
ngy, cc bnh ngoi da, v bnh ph khoa.
Hp 2: nh hng ca ngun nc n sc khe
- C n 70% ph n b mc bnh ph khoa v b bnh gh do tm git ngay trn sng
(khi ng p, nc nhiu).
(TLN nam v n thn An im, x Ct Lm, huyn Ph Ct)
- Sau khi c ngun nc sch ngi dn nh gi rng da d ca mnh hng ho hn,
qun o git trng hn.
(TLN h dn thn T Cung, x Phc Thng, huyn Tuy Phc)
- Thiu nc sinh hot, ngi dn y vn cn xi nc sng d bit rng nc sng
y d v nhim. nh hng n sc kho ca ph n nh bnh ph khoa, tr
vim mt, vim da (do tr em ln mt cht l tm sng).
(TLN h dn thn Lc in, Phc Thng, huyn Tuy Phc)

40

3. Cht lng nc phn theo ngun cung cp

3.1. Cht lng nc ging o
Ging o l ngun nc ch yu c dng cho n ung v cc sinh hot khc nng
thn hin nay. nh gi kh nng cung ng v cht lng ca ngun nc ny l mt
trong nhng vn quan trng nht cn c quan tm v n nh hng trc tip n
i sng v sc khe ca dn c, cng nh ch ra s cn thit v kh nng thnh cng
ca cc d n cp nc sch nng thn.
Bng 39 m t mt s tnh cht ca ging o phn theo x v huyn. Kt qu kho st
cho thy, khong 49,2% trong tng s h c kho st c ging o. T l ny dao
ng kh ln gia cc a phng. Gn nh h gia nh no huyn Ph M cng u
c ging o, trn 60% s h huyn Ph Ct v xp x 50% s h huyn Hoi Nhn
c ging o. Trong khi , t l h c ging o th trn Bnh nh ca huyn An
Nhn, x Phc Thng ca huyn Tuy Phc, v x Vnh An ca huyn Ty Sn rt
thp. Vic s dng nc my kh ph bin nhng ni ny l nguyn nhn quan trng
khin t l ging o thp. nhng x cn li, t l h c ging o l t 1/4 s h tr
ln. Ging o l ngun nc ch yu c dng trong sinh hot a bn nghin cu.
Tnh cht ph bin ca ging o nng thn th hin r nt hn khi ch tnh ring cho
nhng h khng s dng nc my. i vi nhm h ny th s h c ging o ln
n 74,2%. c bit, mt s x c t l ln n trn 90% nh M Hip, M Chu ca
huyn Ph M, Nhn An ca huyn An Nhn, th trn Ph Phong ca huyn Ty Sn.
Cc x cn li u c t l trn 50%. Cc t l cao trn cho thy, ging o l ngun
nc quan trng v ph bin nht y hin nay.
su trung bnh ca ging o l khong 8m v khng c s khc nhau ng k gia
cc x, cc huyn, tr trng hp th trn Bnh nh c su trung bnh ca ging l
13m, hn gp ri so vi mc trung bnh, mc d gn nh rt t h cn dng ging o.
lch chun v su trung bnh ca ging thp kh nh (ch 3,2m) cho thy su
kh u gia cc ni. Mc nc ging o trong ma kh l khong 1,4m, tr mt s
ni c s cn kit hn nh x Vnh An ( ch 0,3m), v hai x ca Tuy Phc (xp x
1m). S chnh lch v mc nc trong ma kh gia cc ni trong x l nh, tr th trn
Bnh nh (1,8m) v x Ct Tin (1,7m). lch chun cao ny cho thy c nhiu ging
o Ct Tin b kh kit ngun nc vo ma kh. Mt vn cn lu v ging o
trong ma kh l mc d vn c nc nhng thng l mch nc khng cung cp
khi s dng nhiu, nht l ti cy trong vn. Mc nc ging vo ma ma trung
bnh l 4,5m nhng cng c mt s ni ch trn 3m nh x Tam Quan Nam, Phc
Thng. Mc d lch chun l 2m nhng vi lng nc di do trong ma ma th
nhu cu v ngun nc ging khoan khng phi l mt vn cn t ra. Xt v lng
nc, ging o cc a phng gp phi mt s gii hn trong ma kh. Mc d
su trung bnh ca ging o khong 13m, ch 1/4 s h ly nc bng gu, 3/4 s cn
li s dng my bm. iu ny cho thy a s ngi dn nng thn hin nay chp
nhn tr thm tin mua thit b v tr tin in c tin nghi hn.
V nhn xt cm quan, t l h cho rng ngun nc ging o khng mu: 70,3%,
khng mi: 76,9%, khng v: 89,1%, v khng c: 73,1% (bng 40). Nh vy, khong
trn di 1/4 s ging o cha m bo cc yu cu c bn v cht lng nc sinh
41

hot. mt s a phng, t l t cc yu cu trn l rt thp. Chng hn, huyn

Hoi Nhn, t l nc khng c mu ch t 33,3%, khng c l 46,3%. Cc t l ny
huyn Ph Ct cng thp hn mc bnh qun, trong x Ct Tin c t l nc khng
c mu ch t 39,4%, khng mi ch t 45,5%. Cc quan st v trao i vi ngi dn
cho thy, nc ging mt s ni trong x b nhim phn rt nng, nn thng c mu
vng, c v tanh. Ngay c x Ct Lm, ni m ngun nc c ngi dn nh gi
tt hn, tnh trng nhim phn cng kh ph bin. Cc tng bn di lng t do qu
trnh a cht cn lm cho nc b c v c mi bn khi nc cn. Ngun nc ging
hai huyn An Nhn v Ty Sn t b nhim phn hn nn t yu cu cao hn i vi
cc ch bo ny.

Hp 3: Thc trng ngun nc x Ct Lm, huyn Ph Ct

- S dng ngun nc chnh l ging o ( su 6 9m, v nu o su hn s ng
vo ). S lng s dng ging khoan t hn.
- C 2 ngun nc ging o v ging khoan trong thn u b nhim phn, nhng
nc ging khoan b nhim phn nhiu hn nc ging o v khi khoan su xung th
ng tng nc phn. Ging khoan vo ma nng th b phn nng hn, nc c mi
hi.
- Ngun nc ging thng thiu nc vo thng 5, 6, 7 m lch. Do phi s dng
ging khoan trong khu t trng mu (4-5 h hn tin vi nhau khoan mt ging bm
nc ti rau, mu. Khi thiu nc ngi dn ti y ly v dng hoc i xin nc
hng xm. Tm git th ra sng.
(TLN h dn thn An im, x Ct Lm, huyn Ph Ct)

Vi nhng tnh cht nh trn, cht lng nc ging o c ngi dn nh gi nh

sau: 50,3% tt, 20,9% kh, 23,1% trung bnh, v 5,7% di trung bnh. Tuy nhin, cht
lng nc c nh gi khng u gia cc a phng. T l nh gi tt hai x
ca huyn Hoi Nhn ch 16,1%, x M Hip ca huyn Ph M l 37,3%, v x Ct
Tin ca huyn Ph Ct l 36,4%, thp hn nhiu so vi mc bnh qun. nhng ni
cn li, cht lng nc c nh gi cao hn (bng 41).
3.2. Cht lng nc ging khoan
Ngoi ging o, ngun nc ph bin th hai l ging khoan ca h gia nh. Mt s
c im ca ging khoan c trnh by bng 42. Kt qu cho thy c n 256 ging
khoan, chim 35,6% tng s h kho st v ln n 53,7% tng s h khng s dng
nc my. So snh vi t l h c ging o trn, khong 1/4 s h khng c nc
my s dng ng thi ging o v ging khoan. T l h c ging khoan rt khc nhau
gia cc a phng. Cc x Tam Quan Nam, Hoi Hng ca huyn Hoi Nhn, Ct
Lm, Ct Tin ca huyn Ph Ct, Phc Lc ca huyn Tuy Phc, th trn Ph Phong
ca huyn Ty Sn ch dao ng khng ln xung quanh mc bnh qun 53,7%. Trong
khi , cc x M Hip, M Chu ca huyn Ph M gn nh khng s dng ging

42

khoan. c bit, cc x Phc Thng ca huyn Tuy Phc, th trn Bnh nh ca

huyn An Nhn, s ging khoan rt nhiu trong khi h khng s dng nc my rt t.
iu ny cho thy nhiu h mc d c s dng nc my, vn ng thi s dng ging
khoan cho cc mc ch khc. Mt khi ngi dn thy chi ph s dng ging khoan vn
cn thp hn gi nc my, h vn cn tip tc s dng v t ra bi ton v mc tiu
th nc my.
su trung bnh ca ging khoan l khong 18m vi su nht l 29m x M Hip
ca huyn Ph M. Ph Ct l huyn c su trung bnh t nht, ch trn di 10m.
Nhn chung, ging khoan cc a bn nghin cu l khng su lm v s chnh lch
khng ln lm. Tr vi trng hp s dng bm tay, tuyt i a s h c ging khoan
u s dng bm my (98,8%). K c cc ging o, cc ngun nc trn u khng
c xt nghim v cht lng nc. Ch c 13 trng hp xt nghim nc, trong
gm 11 ging khoan v 2 ging o.
V nhn xt cm quan, kt qu cho thy tnh trng cng khng c g kh quan so vi
nc ging o (bng 43). T l h cho rng ngun nc ging khoan khng mu l
60,6%, khng mi l 61,9%, khng v l 82,9%, v khng c l 77,4%. So vi ging o,
mt s ch bo ca nc ging khoan c cht lng thp hn. Tng t nh i vi
nc ging o, cc ch bo trn mt s a phng t t l thp. Chng hn, x
Hoi Hng ca huyn Hoi Nhn t l nc khng c mu ch t 35,5%, khng mi l
38,7%, cn x Ct Tin ca huyn Ph Ct th cc t l tng ng l 36,3% v 33,3%.
Tuy nhin, mc bin thin gia cc a phng i vi tnh cht nc ging khoan
ln hn so vi ging o. Mt s ch bo cm quan nh khng mu, khng mi, khng v
t t l rt cao (trn 90%) mt s a phng, nh x Ct Lm ca Ph Ct), x Nhn
An ca huyn An Nhn, th trn Ph Phong ca huyn Ty Sn. iu ny cho thy,
ngun nc ngm nhng ni xa bin tt hn l nhng vng gn bin.
Vi nhng tnh cht nh trn, cht lng nc ging khoan c ngi dn nh gi
nh sau: 44,8% tt, 22,2% kh, 23,4% trung bnh, v 9,5% di trung bnh (bng 44). So
vi nc ging o th mc nh gi cht lng nc ging khoan c thp hn. Ph
hp vi cc nh gi cm quan v ngun nc ging khoan gia cc vng, cht lng
nc c nh gi tt l rt cao (t 70% tr ln) cc x Ct Lm ca huyn Ph
Ct, Nhn An ca huyn An Nhn, v th trn Ph Phong ca huyn Ty Sn. Trong khi
, cht lng nc c nh gi thp hn nhiu hai x ca huyn Hoi Nhn v
x Ct Tin ca huyn Ph Ct.
Mt cu hi t ra l ti sao mt s h khng ng ging khoan dng? Kt qu t
Bng 45 cho thy, trong tng s h khng s dng ging khoan, l do quan trng nht l
khng c nhu cu (40,1%), do nc ngm b phn (19,4%) v do bn di mt t c
nhiu , khng th khoan c (16,5%). Ngoi ra cn mt s l do khc nh nc b
nhim mn v khng c tin lm ging khoan. Kt qu nh gi cht lng nc
ging khoan ca ngi dn trn cho thy ging khoan khng phi lc no cng l la
chn ca ngi dn. Hu nh rt t h gia nh Ph M trong mu kho st s dng
ging khoan d y cha c nc my. L do khng c nhu cu chim t trng cao
nht l do nc ging o c th p ng c nhu cu hoc h c s dng nc my.
th trn Bnh nh v th trn Ph Phong, gn nh 100% s kin tr li l do khng

43

s dng ging khoan l khng c nhu cu (v ni y c h thng nc my). i vi

nhng ni cha c nc my, l do quan trng nht ca vic khng s dng ging
khoan l v c th s dng ngun nc ging o, v di lng t nhiu hoc ngun
nc b nhim phn. huyn Ph M, ni c t l s dng ging khoan thp nht, l do
khng c nhu cu chim 38,1% v do di lng t c chim 35,6%. huyn Ph
Ct, ngoi l do khng c nhu cu chim t l cao nht (41,3%), do c di lng t
(27%) v do nc ngm nhim phn (20,6%) l nhng l do quan trng nht.
Hp 4: Thc trng ngun nc x M Chu, Ph M
Do ngun nc trong thn vn khng thiu, c o su thm l c nc s dng nn v vn
nc th cha cn thit.
- Nc ti thn b nhim phn v c vng.
- a s ngi dn trong thn s dng ging o (khong 98%) v mt s t s dng ging
khoan (khong 2%). Ging o c su khong 4 7m v ging khoan th khong 12m. Ti
khu vc h c su ca ging 6 10m, khu vc ni 8 12m c ging n 20m. Khu vc o,
ging su 12m (c lc khoan xung 18m nhng vn cha nc s dng).
- Ngun nc ti khu vc gn ni b nhim phn nng, c bit l vo ma nng. Khu vc pha
trong c ging c phn, c ci c phn nhng t hn pha ngoi khu vc gn ni.
- Tuy nhin ngi dn vn nc s dng Nu thiu nc th h o thm ging khc
s dng.
- Vo thng 6, 7, 8 m lch, khu vc gn ni thiu nc hn cc vng khc, do h o ging
su xung v dng my bm nc ln. Nu tit kim th vn dng.
- Nc khng c mi hi. a s ngi dn c x l nc trc khi dng, un si nc ung.
Tuy nhin nc lnh b vo th h khng nu chn. C khong 8% h c bnh lc nc.
(TLN h dn thn Lc Thi, x M Chu huyn Ph M)

Hp 5: Thc trng ngun nc x Hoi Hng

Vn nc sch ca a phng l rt cp bch.
- Ngun nc b nhim phn nn ngi dn gp kh khn. Trc y, c t chc UNICEP h
tr xy dng ging ng cng cng cho mt s thn ven bin c kh khn v nc nhng cng
khng hiu qu. Hin c 1 h gia nh tn dng li mt s ging cn s dng c t chc bn
nc li cho ngi dn, nhng ngun nc cng khng bo m.
- Hin nay, x cha c nh my nc hay ng nc dn ti.
- Ma ma cc ging x u b ngp, khng s dng c nn phn no nh hng n sinh
hot cho cc h dn trong thi gian ny.
(PVS cn b x Hoi Hng, huyn Hoi Nhn)

44

Hp 6: Thc trng ngun nc x Ct Tin, Ph Ct

Ton x cha c chng trnh cung cp nc sch tp trung.
- V lng nc: dng cho sinh hot v sn xut, khng b thiu nc vo ma
ma.
- V cht lng nc, c th chia lm 2 loi:
+ Khu vc xm 2 (khu vc ch, ng v trung tm thn nc b phn, c mu vng,
cn, c mi tanh hi.)
+ Khu vc dc l v khu vc gn chn ni th nc tt, t b phn.
- Khu vc xm 3 (xm ng rung) vo ma ma nc b ngp, nhng vn dng nc
ging. Y t x pht thuc kh gia nh kh trng nc.
(TLN nhm n thn Phng Phi, Ct Tin, Ph Ct)

Mc ph bin cng nh cc tnh cht v cht lng ngun nc ging o v ging

khoan m ngi dn nh gi cho php c mt ci nhn khi qut v cc ngun nc s
dng ca cc h dn cha c nc my. Vic s dng ging o hay ging khoan phn
nh nhu cu ca cc h gia nh v kh nng cung ng nc ph hp ca cc ngun
ny i vi nhu cu ca h. Cc ch bo ny l rt quan trng tham kho khi nh gi
nhu cu v kh nng pht trin cc d n cung cp nc sch nng thn.
3.3. Cht lng nc my
Hiu c ngi dn nh gi nh th no v cht lng ngun nc my m h th
hng l rt cn thit bo m s thnh cng ca cc d n cung cp nc tp trung
ny. So vi ging o v ging ng, nc my m cc h dn s dng c t l cao hn
nhiu cc ch bo khng mu v khng v, nhng khng th hin s vt tri i vi
cc ch bo khng mi v khng c (bng 46). T l khng mu t mc 89,2% v
khng v l 97,8%, trong khi i vi hai ch bo cn li tng ng l 76,2% v 69,3%.
Cc cuc tho lun vi ngi dn cho thy, mi Clo l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn
lm cho ngi dn cm thy nc c v l, ngoi ra nhiu kin cng cho rng nhiu khi
nc b c, m theo kin ca mt chuyn vin k thut l do vic vn hnh mt s
a phng khng theo ng qui trnh k thut. Xt theo cc tiu ch ny, T l khng
mu t mc 89,2% v khng v l 97,8%, trong khi i vi hai ch bo cn li tng ng
l 76,2% v 69,3% Mt s nhn xt quan trng khc nh nc mnh hay yu, cht
lng c n nh, v ngun nc c n nh khng cng c ngi dn nu ln (bng
47). Kt qu cho thy trn 80% s kin cho rng nc chy mnh v cht lng nc
n nh, nhng ch c 61,9% cho rng ngun nc c cung cp khng b gin on.
R rng, y l mt vn m cc d n nh thng mc phi khi m cc ngun cung
cp nc chu nh hng trong ma kh hoc thit b h hng phi dng sa cha.
Nhiu kin ca ngi dn cho rng nc my thng b c nht l khong thng 8, 9,
10, l nhng thng ma l, v thi im nc thng b c nht l vo bui sng, khi
mi x nc. Trong khi , nhng thng m vic cung cp nc thng b gin on

45

nht l khong thng 5, 6, 7, l nhng thng ma h, khi m ngun nc b gim. Thi

gian mt nc ph thuc rt nhiu vo ngun in. Do vy, khi no in cp th nc
cng b cp.
Cc nh gi v cht lng dch v i vi 3 tiu ch trn l kh khc nhau gia cc a
phng. Cht lng dch v cung cp nc my th trn Bnh nh, th trn Ph Phong
v x Tam Quan Nam tt hn so vi cc a phng cn li v y cc d n cp nc
hin i hn, trong khi cc d n cp nc cc x l nhng cng trnh cp nc nng
thn. Tuy nhin, ngun nc hai th trn thng b gin on hn rt nhiu so vi
Tam Quan Nam.
Hp: nh gi cht lng dch v cung cp nc thn Thun Thi, x Nhn An,
huyn An Nhn
u im:
Gi x nc ph hp: sng t 6 7 gi, tra t 11 12 gi, chiu 5 6 gi.
Nc bm rt mnh.
Gi nc r 2.000 ng/m3.
Hn ch:
Khi c s c th nh my nc cha thng bo rng ri n ngi dn.
Nc bui sng c mi hi (mi clo) nhng chiu ti th hn.
Nhiu khi ngun nc cp b c v cn nhiu cn.
(TLN nam thn Thun Thi, x Nhn An, huyn An Nhn)

4. Tip cn ngun nc v phng tin tr nc

Mt kha cnh quan trng cn quan tm l kh nng tip cn ngun nc v phng tin
tr nc s dng ca cc h dn nh th no. Thng thng, cc h gia nh nng
thn thng s dng ging o hoc ging khoan trong vn, nhng c nhng ni
ngun nc ti ch khng hoc khng th s dng cho mc ch n ung, chng hn
khi b ngp lt vo ma ma hoc b nhim mn nhiu vo ma kh Trong nhng
trng hp nh vy, ngi dn thng phi ly nc t ni khc. y l mt trong
nhng ch bo quan trng cho thy tnh trng kh khn v nc v do vy l iu kin
cn thit u t cc d n cung cp nc sch nng thn.
Kt qu t bng 48 cho thy, c 108 h (chim khong 1/4 s h khng s dng nc
my trong mu kho st) c ly nc t ni khc trong mt thi gian no trong nm,
mc d vic thiu nc din ra ch yu trong ma kh. Hoi Nhn v Ty Sn l 2
huyn c s h phi i ly nc t ni khc ng nht. C 55,6% ch di chuyn trong
phm vi di 100m v 21,3% l t 100m n 500m. Tuy nhin, c n 23,1% s h phi
di chuyn khong cch trn 500m v tp trung ch yu huyn Hoi Nhn. Hu ht
cc h dn x Tam Quan Nam ca huyn Hoi Nhn hoc x Phc Thng ca huyn
Tuy Phc phi mua nc t x khc v ngun nc ti ch b nhim mn, khng
46

dng ung v nu n c. Khong 80% s h khng phi tr tin, nhng 20% cn

li th phi tr tin cho nhng ln i ly nc. Mc bnh qun ca mt ln ly nc l
khong 2.000, nhng cng c ni mc tin tr l 4.000 nh Ph Ct, An Nhn.
Hp : Thc trng thiu nc sch v nhu cu cp bch v nc sch thn lc
in, x Phc Thng, Tuy Phc
Khng c nc sch ung, sinh hot. dn n tnh trng ngi dn thiu
nc ung, sinh hot.
i mua nc mt thi gian, nhng ngi lm cng nhn th khng c thi gian
i ly nc, phi nh ngi khc i ly nc h. Ngi gi neo n khng c
iu kin i ly nc, mt b gi hn 80 gn nh ti, khng c ngi i ch
nc nn ch ton i xin, c khi xin ri vn khng mang v nh c.
Vi nhng h i mua nc vi nc cng cng, khi b cp nc phi tranh
th i mua nc.
Khng c ngun nc sch, nui heo, g cng d b dch, ngi dn tht thu,
nh hng n kinh t, lm ngi dn ngho i
(TLN h dn thn Lc in, x Phc Thng, huyn Tuy Phc)

Nh phn tch phn trn, nc c s dng cho nhng mc ch u tin khc

nhau. Mc ch u tin m cc h dn phi ly nc t ni khc l dng ung
(100%), tip n l dng nu n (91,7%) (bng 49). Mc ch tm git v cc mc
ch khc ch chim mt t l nh. iu ny cho thy nhu cu bc bch v ngun nc
sinh hot ca ngi dn nhng vng ny.
Dng c ph bin nht m cc h nng thn dng tr nc l xy bn cha nc
trn cao (51,5%) v tip n l lu, vi, thng (35,6%) (bng 50 ). Cc hnh thc nh bn
trn mt t hoc bn m di t t c s dng v khng tin ch. iu ny lin quan
n vic s dng my bm nc ph bin nng thn. Nc sau khi bm ln c
cha trong bn cao v do vy to p lc nc mnh khi s dng, trong khi vic dng
bn st mt t ch thch hp cho vic dng nc t ng ng cung cp nc m
khng s dng my bm ln cao tr. Cc huyn An Nhn, Tuy Phc, v Ph Ct s
dng nhiu bn trn cao hn l cc huyn cn li, c bit l t l s dng bn ny rt
cao hai th trn v tnh tin ch ca n v iu kin kinh t h kh hn so vi nng
thn.
5. Cc bin php x l nc trc khi dng
Mt trong nhng hnh vi th hin nhn thc ca ngi dn v tnh trng v sinh v sc
khe l bin php x l nc trc khi dng, c bit l dnh cho mc ch n ung. Kt
qu kho st v cc bin php x l nc dng ung i vi 720 h dn (bng 51)
cho thy, c n 67,1% s h dng trc tip m khng c bin php x l no, 12,8% s

47

h c s dng bn lng v mt t l tng ng c dng b lc nhanh1, v khong

7,2% s h c mua my lc nc dng. iu ny cho thy mc d hu ht ngi dn
s dng nc trc tip hoc lc th s, cng c mt b phn dn c quan tm n cht
lng ngun nc m h dng ung.
T l x l nc ung bng cc bin php khc nhau cng tng i khc nhau gia
cc a phng. Cc h huyn Ty Sn, An Nhn, Tuy Phc c t l s dng trc
tip cao hn cc ni khc (tng ng l 85%, 74,8%, v 66,4%), c th mt phn l do
nhng ni ny c ngun nc my nn cht lng nc t chun, nhng mt phn
l do ngun nc t nhin y t b phn hn cc ni khc. Tuyt i a s ngi dn
x Vnh An khng s dng bt k bin php x l nc no. cc huyn Hoi Nhn
v Ph Ct, t l cc h khng p dng bin php x l nc no thp hn mc bnh
qun (tng ng l 52,9% v 53,8%) trong khi c t l s dng b lc nhanh cao nht
(tng ng l 29,8% v 24,8%). Nc nhiu phn cc x c kho st ca hai huyn
trn l mt l do quan trng gii thch cho vic p dng bin php lc nc ny. hai
th trn Ph Phong v Bnh nh, ni c mc sng cao hn, mc d nhiu h c nc
my, vn c mt t l cao cc h s dng my lc nc ung (tng ng l 20,6% v
13,6%).
Cc bin php x l nc dnh nu n c trnh by bng 52. V mc u tin
v cht lng nc dng nu n ch thp hn mt cht so vi cht lng nc dng
ung, nn cc khun mu v x l nc i vi hai mc ch trn l kh tng ng.
im khc bit duy nht l hu nh ngi ch dng my lc nc ung m thi (v
cng sut lc rt thp, khng nu n). Do vy, t l h s dng cc bin php b
lng hoc b lc nhanh cho ngun nc dng nu n tng ln ng k. Do lng
nc dng ung khng ng k so vi tng mc tiu th nc ca h, nn iu ny
khng c ngha trong vic cung cp ngun nc tp trung. i vi cc mc ch tm
ra hoc ti cy th ngi dn thng dng trc tip hoc dng bn lng, t khi s
dng nc t b lc nhanh.
Cc kt qu trn cng ph hp vi nhn xt ca ngi dn trong cc cuc tho lun
nhm a phng. Nhu ngi dn trong thn s dng nc ung khng qua h
thng x l. Mt s h c bnh lc nc nhng khng nn ch dnh cho nhng em nh
ung, ngi ln th dng nc sng. (TLN h dn thn An im, x Ct Lm, huyn Ph
Ct). Vi nc ung th a s ngi dn dng nc ging khoan hoc ging o
ung. Nhng vng c phn th x l bng lc t ch (b ct v vo ng lc), mt s
dng nc bnh. Nc sinh hot l nc ging khng qua x l (TLN Nhm n thn
Phng Phi, x Ct Tin). nhng ni
c bit nhng vng m ngi dn thng c tp qun tm sng th tnh trng
nhim gy ra nhiu vn v sc khe cho ngi dn.

B lc nhanh c s dng ph bin a phng l cc ng bng t nung c cha cc lp than,

sn, ct lc phn v cc tp cht hu c. Nc c hng vo cc ng nh hn t bn di v trong
hn, t tp cht hn rt nhiu so vi nc ban u.
1

48

Hp : nh hng ca ngun nc n sc khe

- C n 70% ph n b mc bnh ph khoa v b bnh gh do tm git ngay trn sng
(khi ng p, nc nhiu).
(TLN nam v n thn An im, x Ct Lm, huyn Ph Ct)
- Sau khi c ngun nc sch ngi dn nh gi rng da d ca mnh hng ho hn,
qun o git trng hn.
(TLN h dn thn T Cung, x Phc Thng, huyn Tuy Phc)
- Thiu nc sinh hot, ngi dn y vn cn xi nc sng d bit rng nc
sng y d v nhim, nh hng n sc kho ca ph n nh bnh ph khoa,
tr vim mt, vim da (do tr em ln mt cht l tm sng).
(TLN h dn thn Lc in, Phc Thng, Tuy Phc)

Mt ch bo th hin r nt nhn thc ca ngi dn v ngun nc s dng v sc

khe l mc un nc si ung ca cc h gia nh (bng 53). Kt qu cho thy,
hu ht ngi dn thc c tm quan trng ca vic ung nc un si. Khong
86,3% s h thng xuyn un si ung trong khi 11,4% thnh thong c un si v
2,4% l khng bao gi un si. So snh gia cc a phng th tt c cc x/th trn
u t t l bng hoc cao hn mc bnh qun, tr x Vnh An ca huyn Ty Sn. Ch
26,3% s h Vnh An c un nc si ung, trong khi thnh thong c un si l
56,1%v khng bao gi un si l 17,5%. iu d hiu l Vnh An c ng o b con
ngi dn tc nn nhn thc ca h v nh hng ca vic ung nc sng i vi sc
khe cha cao.
6. Mc nc s dng ca h gia nh
Khi lng nc tiu th ca cc h gia nh l mt ch bo quan trng cn tham kho
khi nh gi vic s dng ti nguyn nc v lm c s cho vic tnh ton cng sut ca
cc d n cung cp nc sch trong tng lai. Bng 54 trnh by mc tiu th nc ca
h gia nh cho cc mc ch n, ung, tm ra, vn l nhng nhu cu c bn i hi
ngun nc sch m bo sc khe cho dn c. Tnh trn ton vng kho st, mc
tiu th nc bnh qun h l 617 lt/ngy, trong 30,4% s h s dng di 200
lt/ngy, 32,9% s h s dng khong 200-500 lt/ngy, 22,6% s h s dng khong
500-1000 lt/ngy, v ch c 14% s h l s dung trn 1000 lt/ngy. Mc tiu th
nc cng tng i khc nhau theo tng a phng. Cc huyn Tuy Phc, An
Nhn, v Ty Sn c mc tiu th nc nhiu hn so vi cc huyn cn li.
7. nh gi dch v cung cp nc my cho h gia nh
Mt ch quan trng m cuc kho st ny nhm n l nh gi tnh trng dch v
cung cp nc my cho cc h gia nh trong vng kho st. Ti cc x/th trn ca bn
huyn c s dng nc my, hnh thc ch yu l s dng ng h ring, tr x Vnh
An l s dng vi nc cng cng do Chng trnh 134 dnh cho ng bo dn tc
thiu s cung cp (bng 55).

49

Hp : Tnh trng s dng vi nc cng lng Kon Jt, Vnh An, Ty Sn

Ngun nc ny c bm ti hai h cng cng trong lng ngi dn ti ly v nh
nu n v ung. Tuy nhin ngun nc ny vn b thiu vo ma kh nn ngi dn
cng phi s dng nc sui ung.
Ngi dn trong lng s dng ngun nc ti h cng cng ny khng phi tr tin. Cn
cc h bt nc vo nh th t tr tin 3.000 ng/m3.
Ma ma, l lt th nc trong h b c, khng s dng c, phi s dng ngun
nc ging xin t 5 h c ging v s dng. Ngun nc ny s dng mt thi gian
khng cn hot ng c na.
Trong nm 2009, Trung tm nc sinh hot ca tnh u t trm cung cp nc sinh
hot cho ngi dn trong lng v x ln cn. Ngun nc ny s dng c 3 thng
nay.
Ngun nc ny ly t sui con Gh dn xung h qua h thng lc vi sinh v cung cp
cho ngi dn ly nc nu n v ung. Ti h nc cng cng khng cho dng nc
my tm git m ch cho dng n ung.
Ngi dn ch nu nc pha tr mi khch cn bnh thng th ung nc sui
sng.
Gn nh rng c mt vi nc nh ch s dng cho nhng l hi ca lng, tin nc
b con cng gp chung vo tr. Lng ng ra qun l.
Ch c 2 h nc nn c lc b con phi xp hng lu v tranh ginh nhau nc.T
sng ti chiu th c nc nhng ti th cp (k c nhng h bt ring nc v nh cng
b cp). V vy rt kh cho ngi dn khi i lm ry v nh mun khng c nc s
dng.Nhng ngi gi xa h nc nc kh tip cn c ngun nc
(TLN. H dn lng Kon Jt, x Vnh An, huyn Ty Sn)

s dng nc my, ngi dn phi u t chi ph ban u, t vic tr cho cng trnh
cp nc cho n cc chi ph lp t ng ng t ng h cho n ni t vi nc.
Nhng chi ph ny l khng nh i vi thu nhp ca h nng thn. Kt qu t bng 56
cho thy, i vi nhng h c ng h nc ring th tng chi ph ban u s dng nc
my m h gia nh phi b ra l khong 850 ngn ng, trong tin ng cho cng
trnh cp nc khong 400 ngn ng, ng gp cho vic lp t ng ng chung
khong 100 ngn ng, v chi ph lp t ng ng t ng h nc n nh l trn
300 ngn ng. iu ng lu l chi ph lp t ban u ny rt khc nhau gia cc a
phng. Cc h x Tam Quan Nam v x Nhn An phi tr khon tng ng l 1,8 v
1,3 triu, trong khi cc h th trn Bnh nh ch phi tr di 350 ngn ng (ch
bng 1/4 n 1/5 chi ph 2 x trn), ch yu l chi ph lp t ng ng vo nh. Trao
i vi nhng h va mc ng h nc x Tam Quan Nam cho thy, ty vo cng
trnh c th mt s h c cp ng h min ph (trong khi mt s h khc phi mua),
nhng h phi tr chi ph ni thm ng n ni t ng h. Khon chi ph ny c
chia u cho cc h dn tham gia vo vic s dng ngun nc; nhiu h tham gia th
chi ph trn u ngi gim. Tuy nhin, ng h nc ch c gn st vi ng ng

50

nc chnh. i vi nhng h mt tin ng th rt thun li, nhng nhiu khi khong

cch t ng ng nc chnh n nh dn nng thn li kh xa, ln ti vi trm mt.
Trong trng hp ny, chi ph c th ln ti vi triu v tht s l tr ngi ln cn tnh
n khi pht trin h thng cp nc tp trung nng thn.
i vi mc chi ph ny, 49,2% s ngi tr li cho l hp l nhng 35,1% cho l tng
i cao v 15,7% cn li l qu cao (bng 57). Tuy nhin, trong khi hu ht kin th
trn Bnh nh (92,6%) cho l ph hp (v chi ph ch di 350 ngn ng), t l ny
cc x/th trn cn li u thp hn mc bnh qun (dao ng trong khong 30-40%).
x Phc Thng, x Nhn An, v x Vnh An, c trn 50% s h cho rng chi ph tng
i cao. Cn x Tam Quan Nam v x Nhn An th c nhiu kin cho l chi ph qu
cao (v chi ph cao hn 4 n 5 ln so vi th trn Bnh nh). Khong cch t nh n
ng chnh, ni c th lp t ng nc, ng vai tr quyt nh i vi chi ph lp t.
Nhn xt v th tc v qui nh lp t ng h nc, hu ht cc h ang s dng
nc my u cho rng rt thun li (50,8%) hoc tng i thun li (47%) (bng 58).
Mc d cc h hai th trn nh gi mc thun li cao hn nhng ni chung th tc
v qui nh lp t ng h nc tt c cc ni u thun li. S thun li cng
nh mt s hn ch ca dch v cung cp nc c ngi dn nu ln ti cc cuc
tho lun nhm a phng. Th tc ng k rt d dng. on ng no c thit
k ng ng nc th bt ngay. Cung cp ng h min ph. Lp t nhanh chng. Tuy
nhin, vic lp ng ng vo nh dn cha m bo cht lng k thut nn thng
xy ra h hng. Khi xy ra h hng, gi dch v sa cha lu. Qun l cha tt, khi xy
ra h hng ng ng chung lu c khc phc, gy tn tht nc. Thi gian lp t
ng h gia nh khng bo trc nn mt s khng c nh nn khng th lp t
c. (TLN. Nhm nam n khi Vnh Lim, th trn. Bnh nh, huyn An Nhn)
Cc cuc trao i ca nhm kho st vi n v cung cp nc my v chnh quyn a
phng cc ni u quan ngi v tnh trng tiu th qu t, dn n doanh nghip thu
khng chi. Thu nhp ca ngi dn th trn cn thp, ngi dn bun bn dc quc
l th khng c vn , nhng i vi nhng h dn sng bn trong hm hoc xa quc l
th mc s dng thp. Phn ln ngh nghip ca h lm nng nn h dng rt tit kim,
ch yu dng cho ung v nu nng. (PVS cn b x nghip cung cp nc sch,
huyn An Nhn)
Mc tiu th nc my v s tin phi tr hng thng ca h gia nh th hin bng
59, phn nh kh r nt tnh trng ny. Tnh bnh qun, mi h gia nh tiu th
9m3/thng, trong th trn Bnh nh c mc tiu th thp nht (6m3) v x Tam Quan
Nam c mc tiu th cao nht (12m3). Mc s dng ging khoan rt cao th trn
Bnh nh v tnh trng nc b nhim mn cao x Tam Quan Nam c th l nguyn
nhn chnh lm cho mc tiu th nc my hai ni khc xa nhau. Mc d mc
chnh lch gia cc a phng khng ln, mc chnh lch gia cc h dn l rt ln.
Mt s h ch s dng 1-2m3/thng trong khi c nhng h tiu th khong 30m3/thng.
Nu so vi mc tiu th nc bnh qun h cho cc mc ch n, ung, tm ra
c phn tch phn trn l 600 lt/ngy (hay 18 m3/thng) th ngi dn ch s dng
nc my cho 50% nhu cu s dng nc, 50% cn li ch yu l t nc ging khoan

51

v/hoc mt phn l ging o. iu ny cho thy, mc tiu th nc my cn c kh

nng tng ln khi cc ngun cung cp nc thay th khng cn na.
Tr cc h dn x Vnh An khng phi ng tin, nhng h dn c ng h nc phi
ng tin in vi mc bnh qun 23 ngn, xp x mc 3000/m3. Nhn chung, mc chi
ph bnh qun ca h cho vic s dng nc my l t 20.000/thng n
30.000/thng, chim t 1% n 1,5% trong tng s chi hng thng ca h. Tr mt s
kin x Phc Thng v x Vnh An, hu ht cc kin cn li u cho rng mc chi
tin nc my nh vy l hp l (bng 60). Cc cuc trao i kin vi ngi dn mt
s ni cha c nc my nhng c nhu cu cao cho thy, ngi dn sn sng tr chi
ph cho tin nc hng thng l 50.000 hoc thm ch cao hn. Vi mc chi ph nh
hin nay v vi kh nng tng gp i lng nc my s dng th s tin phi ng
hng thng ca h cng ch mc 50.000/thng n 60.000/thng. Tuy nhin, mt
kh nng th hai cng cn c tnh n. a s ngi tr li cho rng nu tng gi
nc my th 68% s h s tit gim lng nc tiu th, 10% tng cng s dng
ngun nc khc thay th, trong khi ch c 16,5% l vn s dng nh c (bng 61). iu
ny cho thy mt s gii hn ca vic tng tin s dng nc, k c tng gi hoc tng
lng tiu th. Tuy nhin, vi nhng li ch thit thc ca ngun nc my i vi sinh
hot v sc khe, mc chi mc 50.000/thng n 60.000/thng l c th chp nhn
c nhng ni tht s c nhu cu.
Vi vic cung cp nc my nh c phn tch trn, tr mt s t kin khng hi
lng, hu ht kin ca ngi dn cc a phng u cho thy rng h tng i hi
lng (63,2%) hoc rt hi lng (27,7%) i vi cc dch v ny (bng 62), mc d cn c
nhiu hn ch v cht lng nc v qun l nc cn c khc phc.
Hp: nh gi v cht lng nc v qun l nc my thn T Cung, x Phc
Thng, huyn Tuy Phc:
Ngun nc my hin nay khng c sch lm, vn cn hin tng c nc nht, ng
bn en, hoc thnh thong c ng vng v mi clo. Khi nu c nhng mng mu vng,
trng c bm xung quanh m, ni (dng khong 2-3 ngy l c hin tng bm cc mng
mu ny, phi dng dao ct lp mu ny v n rt cng). Nhng nu so snh vi ngun
nc ging o v ging khoan ti ch th ngi dn nh gi ngun nc my sch hn.
Gi nc hin nay l c, ring h ngho th h cng s dng nhng tit kim hn. Gi
c tng lai ph thuc vo gi c th trng lc . Nu sau ny thay i c ch x nc
trc tip v cht lng tt hn th ngi dn chp nhn thay i gi.

Nc dn n tng h gia nh yu (thng l yu vo gi sng nhng nu x vo gi

chiu th nc chy mnh hn).

Hin nay, h gia nh phi phn cng ngi trong h canh nc theo gi x nc ca ni
cung cp nc. Nhim v ny thng do ph n m trch. Lch cp nc hin nay khng
c thng bo, gy cn tr cho sinh hot ca ngi dn trong nhng ngy cp nc t
xut.

(TLN h dn thn T Cung, x Phc Thng, Tuy Phc)

52

8. Nhn thc ca ngi dn v l do khng s dng nc my

Mc d hu ht cc h dn nhng ni c ng ng nc u s dng nc my,
nhng c mt t l nh vn khng s dng. Kt qu t cuc kho st i vi nhng
ngi ny cho thy, hai l do quan trng nht l chi ph ban u cho vic lp t c
th s dng nc my l cao so vi kh nng kinh t ca h v h cha c nhu cu bc
bch v nc my (bng 63). V chi ph ban u, khon chi ph lp ng ng t
ng h nc vo nh l ln nht v c ngi dn xem l tr ngi nht i vi vic
s dng nc my (21,5% s kin). Khon chi ln tip theo l lp t c ng h
nc v ngay c c cp ng h min ph th cc chi ph lp t t ng ng chnh
n ng h cng kh cao (thng l mt s h hn li lp t), chim 15,4% s
kin. C n 18,5% s kin tr li l do khng c nhu cu v c th s dng ngun
nc ging o hoc ging khoan. Mt l do quan trng th ba, chim 15,4% s kin,
l do c ng ng chnh i qua nhng cha cho h dn s dng. Nhng yu t thuc
v cht lng nc hoc qun l nc ch l nhng l do t quan trng trong vic gii
thch v sao ngi dn khng s dng nc my.
Hp: L do khng dng nc trong khu vc c dch v
Mt s trong khu vc c ng ng i qua nhng ngi d khng ni ng ng vo nh, v
h cho rng cht lng ngun nc ging o, ging khoan vn tt; bm nc ln khng c
mi hi v khng c phn, nn tip tc s dng tit kim mt khon chi ph. Mt khc, mt
s h ngho trong khu vc cn gp kh khn v kinh ph trong vic lp t ng ng dn
nc vo nh.
(TLN. Nhm nam n, thn Vnh Lim, th trn Bnh nh, huyn An Nhn)
Nhng ngi khu vc c ng ng chnh nhng cha bt nc vo nh l v h khng
kinh t v v ngun nc ging s dng hin nay vn tt.
(TLN. H dn khi 3, th trn Ph Phong, huyn Ty Sn)
Thi quen ca ngi dn t trc ti gi l s dng nc ging, nn phn no cng nh
hng n vic s dng nc my. Phi ni rng nc my l sn phm mi, ngi dn
s dng c phi c thi gian ch khng d mt ngy mt hai l h s dng nh hng ha
khc c.
(PVS cn b x nghip cung cp nc sch, huyn An Nhn)

9. Nhn thc ca ngi dn nhng ni cha c nc my

nh gi nhu cu tim nng l rt cn thit pht trin cc d n nc trong thi gian
ti. Cuc kho st phng vn 452 h ni cha c nc my v s cn thit ca
dch v ny. Kt qu t bng 64 cho thy, 29% s h cho rng rt cn thit v iu
kin thc hin v 13,3% cho rng rt cn thit nhng cha iu kin thc hin,
a s cn li u cho rng cha bc bch, hin ti cha cn, v hon ton cha cn.
iu ny cho thy rng, vic pht trin cc d n nc trong thi gian ti nn tp trung
vo nhm h th nht v chun b cc iu kin cn thit p ng nhu cu v nc
ca nhm th hai.
i vi nhng h thuc nhm th nht th x Hoi Hng ca huyn Hoi Nhn v x
Ct Tin ca huyn Ph Ct l c t l cao nht, tng ng l 59% v 46,7%. iu ny
53

l hon ton hp l v y chnh l hai x m cc kt qu kho st cho thy ngun nc

b nhim phn rt nng. Mt s a bn x Tam Quan Nam ca huyn Hoi Nhn, x
Phc Thng ca huyn Tuy Phc cng b nhim mn v thiu nc sch m nhiu
ngi dn cp trong cc cuc tho lun nhm. Ngoi ra mt s x khc cng c t
l xp x 30% s h cho rng rt cn nc my v iu kin thc hin cc d n
cung cp nc. Xc nh ng nhu cu l iu kin tin quyt cc d n cung cp
nc sch tp trung nng thn thnh cng.
Ngi dn cng nhn thc kh r v cht lng cc ngun nc v nh hng i vi
sc khe. Kt qu t bng 65 cho thy, d cha dng nc my nhng 89,6% s ngi
c hi cho rng nc my tt hn nc ging, ao, h, sng, sui; 79,6% s ngi
cho bit nc my gip hn ch cc loi bnh tiu ha, 63,3% s ngi cho rng nc
my gip hn ch cc loi bnh ngoi da, v 60,2% ng rng nc my gip hn ch
cc loi bnh mn tnh do ngun nc cha x l b nhim cc c t. Mc d cc t l
trn l kh cao nhng mc gim dn khi cc cu hi lin quan n nhng ni dung
chuyn bit hn, i hi nhn thc cao hn. Ngha l d ng rng nc my tt hn
v lm gim cc bnh tiu ha (v lin quan trc tip n ngun nc s dng m ngi
dn tng tri nghim v mi quan h nhn qu ny), mt t l ng k ngi dn vn
cha nhn thc y tc ng tch cc ca nc my i vi cc bnh ngoi da v
bnh mn tnh (v n khng th hin ngay tc thi).
T nhng nhu cu tht s v nc my v nh hng ca nc my i vi sc khe
trn, mt t l kh cao (38,1%) sn sng ng k s dng ngay nu c dch v cung cp
nc my, 27,4% s cn nhc kh nng chi tr ca gia nh, v khong 34,5% l cha
c nh s dng hoc cha c kin (bng 66). C th ni y l ch bo quan trng
nht c lng mc tham gia vo d n nc nu c xy dng. Mt ln na,
t l sn sng tham gia cao nht l x Hoi Hng (72%) v x Ct Tin (50%). Cc
x/th trn cn li c t l sn sng tham gia cao gm x Phc Lc (43,3%), x M Hip
(42,6%), x M Hip (42,6%), th trn Ph Phong (39,4%), x Tam Quan Nam (36,7%).
y c th xem l nhng ni tim nng xem xt pht trin cc dch v cung cp nc
my. S h tham gia s c b sung ng k t nhng h s cn nhc kh nng chi tr
ca gia nh khi s dng ngun nc ny. nhng ni m ngi dn cho rng cha
cn thit v cha c nh s dng th cha nn pht trin cc d n cung cp nc
sch tp trung y.
Hp : Mt s xut ca ngi dn khi pht trin dch v cung cp nc my
Ngi dn c th s dng ngun nc my trong trng hp c bt ng nc vo
tn nh, h ch tr tin nc xi hng thng.
Trc khi trin khai cn c cuc hp tham kho kin ngi dn v gi c.
Cn c s gim st ca ngi dn khi trin khai thc hin.
Ngi dn c th ng gp ngy cng lao ng.
(TLN. Nhm n thn Phng Phi, x Ct Tin, huyn Ph Ct)

54

Mt cch c th hn, cn tm hiu xem cc h dn s s dng ngun nc my nh th

no nu cc d n ny c thc hin. iu ny s ng vai tr quyt nh v lng
nc trung bnh m h s s dng trong thng. Kt qu t bng 67 cho thy, t l h s
dng nc my cho cc mc ch khc nhau nh sau: 100% dng ung, 97,3% dng
nu n, 24,5% dng tm ra, 15,4% dng git qun o, v 17,4% dng ra
chn bt, nh ca. Cc t l trn l tng ng vi cc t l nhm h hin ang s
dng nc my. Nhn chung, mc ch s dng nc my ca cc h dn khng c s
khc bit ng k, phn nh nhng khun mu chung ca vic s dng nc my nu
c cung cp.
Cuc kho st cng cung cp nhng ch bo c th tham kho v c lng s m3
nc my m mt h s s dng nu c cung cp. Kt qu t bng 68 cho thy, vi
nhng mc ch s dng nc my nh trn, ngi dn c lng mc tiu th nc
ca h l rt thp, ch khong 3,3 m3/thng, ch bng khong 1/3 mc tiu th bnh qun
ca nhng h hin ang s dng nc my l 8,9 m3/thng. Mc tiu th bnh qun
gia cc a phng khc nhau khng nhiu, nhng gia cc h vi nhau th kh ln.
C mt s h d nh ch dng nc my ung nn tiu th hu nh khng ng k,
trong khi mt s t h d kin mc tiu th ln n vi ba chc khi nc mi thng. y
c th ch l do tm l ban u. Nhiu ngi dn ngh ch dnh nc my cho cc mc
ch n ung tit kim chi ph. Bng chng cho thy, s tin m cc h ang s dng
nc my hin nay phi tr hng thng l 23 ngn ng, trong khi kin ca nhng h
dn hin cha c nc my cho rng h c th tr mc trung bnh l 22 ngn ng.
S gn trng khp v khon chi ph v nc cho thy ngi dn nhng vng ny c
th s dng nc my t mc nh cc h hin nay ang dng l khong 9
m3/thng/h. Tnh tin dng ca nc my v xu hng thch nghi nhanh vi tin nghi s
lm cho a s h s dng nc my tm git v ra ry. Do vy, mc tiu th thc t
s cao hn nhiu so vi cc c lng ban u ny. Cng tc tuyn truyn, vn ng v
nh hng ca ngun nc i vi sc khe l mt nhn t quan trng tng cng
s dng nc my trong ngi dn.

III. RC V V SINH MI TRNG

1. Thc trng thu gom v x l rc thi, nc thi v v sinh mi trng ca cc
h dn c
1.1. Tnh hnh x l rc thi ca cc h dn c
Kt qu kho st c th hin Bng 69 cho thy, c th phn 12 x/th trn kho st
thuc 6 huyn vng d n lm hai khu vc: (1) Khu vc hin c dch v thu gom rc gm
4 x/th trn l thn Ca Cng Nam ca x Hoi Hng (huyn Hai Nhn), thn Hnh
Quang ca x Phc Lc (huyn Tuy Phc); khi Vnh Lim, th trn Bnh nh (huyn
An Nhn) v khi 3, th trn Ph Phong (huyn Ty Sn); (2) Khu vc hin khng c dch
v thu gom rc gm nhng thn thuc cc x cn li trong mu kho st.
khu vc c dch v thu gom rc, a s h dn s dng dch v ny. Th trn Bnh nh
c 100% s h c kho st c tham gia dch v thu gom rc. Tuy nhin, mt s h
mc d nm trong khu vc c dch v thu gom rc nhng khng s dng nh x Hoi
55

Hng (17,9% s h nm trong khu vc c dch v nhng khng tham gia), x Phc
Lc (12,9% s h nm trong khu vc c dch v nhng khng tham gia) (bng 70). L do
chnh m nhng h ny khng tham gia l v: (1) Cha cn dch v ny v h c th t x
l rc theo cch truyn thng l chn hoc t. Trong s nhng h khng tham gia dch
v thu gom rc x Hoi Hng, khong 40% chn, 40% t, v s cn li x l rc
theo cch khc. x Phc Lc, 100% s h x l bng cch t rc. (2) Nh cch xa
im tp kt rc. Tnh chung cho ton mu kho st, khong cch trung bnh t nh n
ng chnh l 100m, v 22,4% s h c khong cch t nh n ng chnh trn
100m. cc th trn t l th khong cch ny c ngn hn nhng mt s huyn nh
Ph M th c n 43,8% s h c khong cch n ng chnh trn 100m. Khong
cch ny l mt trong nhng tr ngi cho vic tip cn vi dch v thu gom rc.
i vi nhng ni khng c dch v thu gom rc, th t rc l cch x l c hu ht
cc h gia nh la chn (69,1%), chn v vt ra ngoi ng l cc cch ng x
tng i ph bin (tng ng l 11% v 9,1%). Ngoi ra, ngi dn cn vt ra vn
hoc xung ao, h sng ngi (Bng 71 ). C s khc nhau ng k v cch thc x l
rc thi gia cc x, ni c mc t th c rng hn, vi cc th trn v cc x c t t
th c. nng thn, ni c vn rng, rc c x l bng cc cch chn v t l ph
bin. V d, x Tam Quan Nam, c 76,7% l t, 20% l chn v ch 1,7% l vt xung
sng ngi. th trn, c hai cch ch yu l t v vt rc ra ngoi t nhin. V d, th
trn Ph Phong, c 48,5% s h t, 9% chn v 30,3% vt ra ngoi t nhin. Mt s x
c mt dn s cao, phn ln h dn khng c vn nn ch c th x l bng cch l
t hoc/v vt ra ng. V d, x Phc Thng, t l vt rc ra ngoi t nhin l
16,1%, Phc Lc l 24,1%, Vnh An l 17,5% trong tng s h khng s dng dch
v thu gom rc. Cc cuc tho lun nhm cng cho thy, vic chn hay t rc cn ph
thuc vo ma ma hay nng v loai rc. Ngi dn thng chn gii php chn rc
vo ma ma v rc t khng t c. H thng o nhng h nh trong vn
cha rc v lp li, o h khc khi h c y. Vo ma kh, ngi dn thng t
rc nhng cng chn nhng loi rc khng t c.
Cc kt qu trn cho thy, i vi nhng vng nng thn c nhiu t th c v vi mc
rc thi t, thnh phn rc cng nghip khng nhiu, c t vn chn lp hoc t,
c tr khng tp trung, v khong cch n im tp kt rc xa th vic t chc thu gom
rc thi l cha tht s cn thit. nhng ni ny, vn ni ln l thu gom v x l rc
thi t cc ch v cc lng ngh. Hin nay, vic thu gom v x l rc thi cc ch
nng thn vn cn mang tnh t pht, cha c qui hoch n nh. Tuy nhin, nhng
ni dn c sng tp trung ng c, t t th c, th vic vt rc ra ng lm cho mi
trng sng b nhim v do vy c th t ra nhu cu i vi cng tc thu gom rc.
nhng ni ny, ng giao thng thun li l mt yu t quan trng thu ht s tham
gia ca ngi dn.
1.2. Tnh hnh x l nc thi ca cc h dn c
Tnh hnh nc thi v cch x l nc thi hin nay cc a bn kho st cng l mt
vn t ra cn gii quyt, c bit l khu vc nng thn. Ngun nc thi ch yu
gy nhim mi trng l t chn nui gia sc, gia cm nh chn nui heo, tru, b.

56

Tnh chung trong ton mu kho st, c n 53,1% s h c chn nui gia sc. Mt s
a phng nh huyn Ph M, Ph Ct, t l chn nui l rt ph bin. Tnh trng chn
nui trong khu vc dn c sinh sng t ra vn bc thit v vic x l cht thi
chn nui, c bit l nhng ni ngi dn sng tp trung ng c. Kt qu t bng
72 cho thy, hu ht nhng h chn nui phn t nhin lm phn bn (86,1%) v
7,1% khng thc hin bt k bin php x l no, trong khi s h chn nui c lm
biogas ch chim 7,1%. Mt s a phng c t l h chn nui xy hm biogas x l
nc thi v phn cao hn nh Hoi Nhn (17%), nhng s h thc hin bin php
tch cc ny vn cn rt t. Cc cuc trao i vi cn b a phng cho thy, chnh
quyn cc cp cng c nhiu n lc gii quyt vn ny. C hai gii php c
bn: Mt l vn ng cc h chuyn vic chn nui ra khu vc tp trung. Kt qu cho
thy gii php ny khng kh thi v vic u t tn km v khng thun tin cho ngi
dn qun l, trong khi hu ht y l chn nui nh theo qui m h. Hai l xy dng hm
biogas cho cc h gia nh c chn nui ti ch. Mc d c mt s vn v k thut
cn khc phc nh tnh trng tch t cc cht cn trong ti biogas sau khi phn hy,
nhng y l mt hng ti u trong iu kin hin nay. Cc chnh sch tr vn xy
hm biogas ca chnh quyn v cc t chc x hi ng mt vai tr rt quan trng, v
cn phi c m rng hn na khuyn khch m hnh ny.
1.3. Cc vn khc v v sinh mi trng ca cc h dn c
Ngoi rc v nc thi, nh v sinh cng l mt trong nhng yu t nh hng n v
sinh mi trng xung quanh, c bit l vng nng thn. S liu c th v nh v sinh
ca h trong mu kho st Bng 73 cho thy, 30,7% s h c nh tiu t hoi, 22,5%
s h c nh tiu di nc, 13,8% s h c nh tiu 2 ngn, nhng vn cn c ti 31,9%
s h khng c nh tiu.
Tuy nhin, s phn b cc loi nh tiu l kh khc nhau. Khu vc th trn v nhng x
gn th th a s c nh v sinh t hoi hoc nh v sinh thm di, trong cc h
th trn th s dng nh tiu t hoi nhiu hn. T l nh tiu t hoi ca cc h th
trn Bnh nh ln n 74,6%, th trn Ph Phong l 49,2%. Cc h x Phc Lc,
Phc Thng ca huyn Tuy Phc cng c t l nh tiu t hoi kh cao, tng ng l
48,3% v 40,3%. Hu ht cc h cn li nhng a phng ny s dng nh tiu di
nc. Mc d c t l nh tiu ph hp v sinh cao nht, nhng khu vc Tuy Phc
vn cn mt s h khng c nh tiu. Cc h huyn Hoi Nhn c nh tiu t hoi t
xp x 1/3, hu ht s h cn li u s dng nh tiu di nc v nh tiu hai ngn, hu
nh rt t h khng c nh tiu. Hoi Nhn l huyn c t l h c nh tiu cao nht.
i vi cc a phng cn li, t l h c nh tiu hp v sinh cn thp v rt nhiu ni
khng c nh tiu. C n 98,2% s h x Vnh An ca huyn Ty Sn khng c nh
tiu. T l ny x Ct Lm v Ct Tin ca huyn Ph Ct tng ng l 85,2% v
41,7%, x Nhn An ca huyn An Nhn l 46,7%, x M Hip v M Chu ca
huyn Ph M tng ng l 50,8% v 33,3%. Tnh trng i tiu ngoi rung hoc t
trng l kh ph bin nhiu ni nhng chm c khc phc do nhn thc ca ngi
dn cha cao v vn ny. Vic phng u ngoi t nhin l mt nguyn nhn quan
trng lm nhim ngun nc sinh hot v ly lan nhiu loi bnh trong cng ng.

57

Hp : Nh v sinh nng thn

H x hin nay cng l vn kh khn. Nhiu h gia nh hin nay vn cha c nh
v sinh, cha ni n nh v sinh t hoi c cht lng, cng cn mt s h gia nh h
i ra ngoi ng, mt s th c nhng h li khng s dng do khng c ngun nc.
Hng nm nh nc cng h tr ngi dn vay tin lm nh v sinh, nhng ch c s t
vay do ngi dn cm thy tin h tr vay lm nh x khng lm, v gia nh h kh
khn cng khng th b tin ra thm lm.
(PVS y ban nhn dn x Tam Quan Nam, huyn Hoi Nhn)

2. Nhn thc ca ngi dn v vic thu gom, x l rc, nc thi v v sinh mi

trng, dch bnh
2.1. nh gi ca ngi dn v tnh hnh rc thi, nc thi v v sinh mi trng
ni chung
Kt qu kho st cho thy, tnh hnh rc thi v nc thi cc a bn kho st l mt
trong nhng vn ni cm cn gii quyt.
V rc thi sinh hot: Hin nay nhiu a phng cha c bi rc, nn rc sinh hat vt
ba bi ngoi ng, hoc nhng bi t trng. Nhng khu vc cha c dch v thu
gom rc th ngi dn mang rc vt ra khu ngha a, hnh thnh mt bi rc t pht.
Gip ng quc l 1A mi (tuyn trnh) c mt ngha a lu i nay ang nm trong
din qui hoch gii ta, tr thnh mt bi rc t pht ca ngi dn t cc khu vc ln
cn em ti vt b, lm nhim khu vc ny. (Nhm hn hp nam n, a ngnh ngh,
khi Vnh Lim, th trn Bnh nh). T nhng cch nh vy hnh thnh nn nhng bi
rc tm thi, t pht v cha c h thng x l. Hin c 3 h rc tm thi do thn t
qun. Rc ca tt c cc h b y. Ngi dn khng b rc sau nh v khng c t.
Nhng h rc tm thi cha qua x l s b nh phun thuc, dit rui, mui, chng mi
hi. Do nh hng n mt s h dn xung quanh khu vc h rc. (Nhm h dn
hn hp nam n, a ngnh ngh, thn Ca Cng Nam, x Hoi Hng). x Phc Lc
cng c 3 bi rc t pht cc khu vc: di chn cu, gn ng xe la, khu vc gn
quc l. Khi rc ti nhng khu vc ny nhiu th ngi dn sng xung quanh khu vc
t t. Bn cnh mt s t nhng h dn gn quc l vt rc ra sng gn st quc l
(knh HTS5). Rc t cc ni u ngun tri xung bn di gy ng, nhim.
(Nhm hn hp nam n, a ngnh ngh, thn Phc M 2, x Phc Lc).
V rc thi ch: Hu nh cc ch u cha c qui hoch bi thu gom rc, gy
nhim mi trng. Rc ti ch cha c ngi thu gom v qun l, ngi dn bun bn
t em rc ra khu vc b sng b tp trung thnh bi, sau t. (Nhm nam, thn
Thun Thi, x Nhn An). Rc ch khng c ch . Trc kia dc b sng nay
khng c na nn b ng. Vo ma ma b nhim nng, nc ng li.
(Nhm nam, thn Tng Long 1, x Tam Quan Nam). Ch Phng Phi, x Ct Tin,
khng c ni rc, t trng (ngi qun l ch gom rc khu ngha a);
nc ra c ra ng, c mi hi thi (Nhm n nng nghip, thn Phng Phi, x
Ct Tin).

58

Rc, xc cht ng vt vt xung sng, knh rch, knh thy li Bng Sn nc

b nhim do xc cht ng vt. Ngi dn thn Tng Long 1 dng li B40 ngn
xc cht t nhng thn khc chy n (knh ny b nhim nng, nc b hi thi, ngi
dn khng dm ra chn trong khi ngun nc ny phc v cho nng nghip). (Nhm
nam, thn Tng long 1, x Tam Quan Nam).
Vic x l rc hin ti gy nhim mi trng, Tnh hnh x l rc cn rt phc tp.
Trn 50% h x l rc thi bng cch t, s cn li th vt ra ng, ra sng. S h x
l rc thi t tp trung nhiu khu vc xa ng trc l 636A, v nhng h ny c t
vn rng. (Nhm nam, thn Thun Thi, x Nhn An, huyn An Nhn.). Rc thi
nha, bch ni lng khi t gy mi hi. (Nhm nam, thn Thun Thi, x Nhn An).
Bn cnh rc thi sinh hat, mi trng xung quanh cn b nhim nng bi nc
thi chn nui, nc thi sinh hat, nc thi t cc c s sn xut, l m gia
sc. Mi hi thi ca cng thot nc v h ga lm nh hng n ngi dn. Quy
hoch lp t khng bi bn, h thng thot nc cha ng b lm mi trng b
nhim. (Nhm hn hp nam n, a ngnh ngh, khi 3, th trn Ph Phong). Nc thi
chn nui thi ra vn, c mi thi, nh hng n nhng h xung quanh. Nh ng ca
sut ngy, m ca ra c mi hi, khch kha khng ngi ni chuyn c. (TLN n h
dn thn Phng Ph, x Ct Tin); nh hng do c s ch bin nc mm ca thn
Thanh Lim v vic ra bao b lm ngun nc sng b nhim. Mt c s nc mn
ca thn Thanh Giang trong qu trnh vn chuyn c c nc thi gy mi hi v nh
my nc thi nc cn ra ng lm nh hng ti rung la ngi dn trong thn.
(Nhm nam, thn Thun Thi, x Nhn An); Nc thi ca c s ch bin nc mm
thi thng ra sng. n ma gi Ty a mi hi bay khp vng. (Nhm nam nng
nghip, thn Tn Dng, x Nhn An); Sn xut m Hoi Ho thi nc thi xung
sng. nc sng b nhim: c cht, nc trn ln rung nh hng n cy la, h
nui c dc b sng (TLN nam, thn Tng Long 1, x Tam Quan Nam).
Hin nay cc c s sn xut, dch v trn huyn khng c h thng x l nc thi, tr
Bnh vin. Vn ny hin ang b ng lm khng ng qui trnh, nc thi trong dn
khng kim sot c. Kim tra, x l v hng dn, nhng vn nc thi hin nay
cha c quan tm ng mc. Ch yu vn l vn nc thi ca h sn xut kinh
doanh lin quan n mi trng. (PVS cn b Phng Ti nguyn Mi trng huyn Hoi
Nhn).
Ngoi ra, nng thn cn b nhim do thuc bo v thc vt phc v cho sn xut
nng nghip: Hin nay nhim ngun nc t rc thi ca bao b thuc bo v thc
vt. Do ngi dn sau khi s dng th vt nhng bao, bnh thuc ngay bn cnh ging
ngoi rung v vt ngay xung sng gy nhim ngun nc. Tru, b ung vo b
bnh cht. (TLN Nhm nam n sinh sng ri rc xung quanh thn An im, x Ct
Lm); Mi trng ti thn rt nhim k c khng kh ln nc do ngi dn dng
thuc su (chai v bao b thuc su vt lung tung) lm thm xung ngun nc. (Nhm
nam hn hp, thn Lc Thi, x M Chu); Gn y cn tng cng thuc khai hoang,
chai l, bao b dng xong th vt ngay xung sng (Nhm nam a ngnh ngh, thn Lc
Thi, x M Chu).

59

Ni tm li, tnh hnh v sinh mi trng ti cc a bn kho st ang b nhim bi rc

thi sinh hot, rc ch, nc thi sinh hat, nc thi chn nui, nc thi t mt s
c s sn xut. Phn ln cha c x l hoc c x l nhng cha trit , nh
hng khng nh n sc khe, mi trng sng xung quanh.
2.2. nh gi nh hng ca rc, nc thi v v sinh mi trng i vi sc khe
phn theo 6 huyn, 12 x.
Mt trong nhng nh hng m ngi dn nhn thy r nht l rc thi, xc ng vt
vt xung sng, knh, rch, nc thi cc c s sn xut thi ra sng, vic vt b bao b
s dng thuc bo v thc vt nh hng n ngun nc knh rch, sng ngi v
chnh ngun nc ny nh hng n sc khe v kinh t ca cc h gia nh trong khu
vc.
V sc khe, qua cc cuc tho lun nhm, phng vn su cp cng ng cho thy, hin
nay mt s bnh lin quan n ngun nc b nhim rt nhiu nh bnh ph khoa, b
gh nga. Sng G Chm nhim. Khi s dng nc sng, ngi dn b nga (TLN
nam, thn Tn Dng, x Nhn An). khu vc nng thn hin nay c nhiu bnh nh
ung th, vim xng khp, cm cm, vim xoang, vim hng, st xut huyt, st rt,
bnh ph khoa nhng cha xc nh r nguyn nhn (TLN n h dn, thn Phng Phi,
x Ct Tin).
V kinh t, Nc thi t nh my sn xut m x Hoi Ho gy nhim mi trng, c
sng cht, nh hng n h nui tm dc b sng (TLN n, thn Cu Li Ty, x Tam
Quan Nam).
3. nh gi s cn thit v vic s dng cc dch v thu gom rc v mc sn
sng tham gia ca cc h dn c
3.1. S cn thit ca dch v thu gom rc
i vi nhng ni ang c dch v thu gom rc
Kt qu t Bng 74 cho thy, i vi nhng h s dng dch v thu gom rc th h
cho rng dch v thu gom rc ni h ang l rt cn thit v iu kin thc
hin (gn nh 100% h ng ). Cuc kho st cng c gng tip cn vi nhng h
ni c dch v thu gom rc nhng h khng tham gia, mc d s ny rt t (ch c 10 h).
Trong s ny, c n 6 h cho rng ni h sng cng rt cn v iu kin thc
hin vic thu gom rc, ch c 2 h cho rng rt cn thit nhng cha iu kin v c
s h tng thc hin v 2 h cn li cho rng hon ton cha cn thit. Nhn xt trn
cho thy, t c s khc bit trong nhn thc ca ngi dn v s cn thit ca dch v
thu gom rc ti nhng ni c mng li thu gom rc. Cc quan st thc a v tho
lun vi cc bn c lin quan cho thy, do vic phn b dn c khng u, mt s h
vng ngoi vi c t rng c th chn lp rc hoc kh xa im tp kt rc nn khng
mun tham gia. Tuy nhin, cn ng vin v xy dng cc qui nh, k c cc bin php
hnh chnh t cp chnh quyn c s v cc th ch phi chnh thc cp cng ng,
nhm thu ht ngi dn tham gia vo mng li thu gom rc nhng ni c mt dn
s cao, c th thit lp mng li thu gom rc m bo v sinh mi trng chung.

60

 i vi nhng h khu vc cha c dch v thu gom rc

Bng 75 trnh by cc kin ca h gia nh v s cn thit ca vic thit lp dch v thu
gom rc a phng. Xt trn ton vng d n, ch c 20,8% s h cho rng ti ni
sng rt cn dch v thu gom rc v c iu kin thc hin; 10,5% s h cho rng
rt cn nhng cha iu kin v c s h tng thc hin; 24,1% s h cho rng
c cn nhng cha tht s cp bch; nhng c n 41,4% s h cho rng ni h hon
ton cha cn n dch v thu gom rc. Cc kt qu trn cho thy, theo nhn thc ca
ngi dn, dch v thu gom rc ch tht s cn thit khong t 20-30% s h c
kho st m thi.
Tuy nhin, nhu cu v dch v thu gom rc v c iu kin thc hin ch tp trung
mt s a bn nht nh, ni c mt c tr tng i cao nh th trn Ph Phong
ca huyn Ty Sn (42,4%), x Phc Thng ca huyn Tuy Phc (37,1%); v x Ct
Tin ca huyn Ph Ct (31,7%). Hai iu kin cn thit xy dng mng li thu gom
rc l dn c sng tp trung mt qui m ln v ni c ng thun li cho
vic vn chuyn rc. Do vy, ngay c nhng ni ny th vn cn mt t l ng hn
cc h dn cha nhn thc c s cn thit hoc tha mn cc iu kin trin khai
dch v thu gom rc. Chng hn, x Ct Tin, c n 46,7% s h cho rng dch v thu
gom rc l hon ton khng cn thit. y thc s l mt tr ngi ln c th duy tr
c cc dch v thu gom rc t ngun thu ca cc h gia nh. Tuy vy, nhiu h dn
th trn Ph Phong rt mong mun c dch v thu gom rc. Nhiu h cho rng nu c
dch v thu gom rc th cng tt, m bo v sinh hn: Cn c dch v thu gom rc, v
nu c chn, t hoc vt ba bi th cng gy nhim mi trng, c bit l khu vc
ch (TLN Nhm n nng nghip, kinh t kh gi, thn T Cung, x Phc Thng). Do
vy, dch v thu gom rc trc ht nn thc hin cc th trn, ni c iu kin thun li
hn cc ni khc.
i vi nhng ni cn li, hu ht ngi dn u cho rng dch v thu gom rc c cn
thit nhng cha tht s cp bch nh x Tam Quan Nam ca huyn Hoi Nhn
(36,7%), x Phc Lc ca huyn Tuy Phc (37,9%), x Nhn An ca huyn An Nhn
(30%), hoc hon ton cha cn thit nh x Hoi Hng ca huyn Hoi Nhn
(57,6%), x M Hip v M Chu ca huyn Ph M (32,8% v 66,7%), x Ct lm v
Ct Tin ca huyn Ph Ct (40,4% v 46,7%), x Nhn An ca huyn An Nhn
(33,3%), x Vnh An ca huyn Ty Sn (79%). nhng x ny th vic tuyn truyn,
vn ng b con thc hin vic thu gom v x l rc cp h sao cho ph hp vi iu
kin c th v hn ch cc tc ng v mt mi trng l gii php kh thi trong iu
kin hin nay. Bn cnh , cng cn chun b cc iu kin v c s h tng v nng
cao nhn thc cho ngi dn trc khi trin khai cc dch v thu gom rc.
3.2. Mc sn sng tham gia dch v thu gom rc ca ngi dn
Mc sn sng tham gia dch v thu gom rc ca ngi dn c th hin bng 76.
Da trn cc la chn ny, c th tm chia mc sn sng tham gia ca ngi dn
thnh 3 nhm: nhm sn sng tham gia, nhm c nhiu ngi tham gia th cng tham
gia, v nhm cn li khng tham gia cc dch v thu gom rc nu c.
Tnh chung cho ton mu kho st, khong 1/4 s h sn sng tham gia ngay khi c dch
v, khong 1/3 s h s tham gia nu thy nhiu ngi tham gia (hoc mt t l nh l
61

c dch v tt), v trn 40% s cn li l khng tham gia nu c dch v ny. Nhm sn
sng tham gia v nhiu ngi tham gia th tham gia tp trung nhiu nht mt s ni
nh x Tam Quan Nam (tng ng l 41,7% v 45%), th trn Ph Phong (tng ng l
57,6% v 27,3%), x Phc Thng (tng ng l 40,3% v 29%). y c th l nhng
ni c nhiu kh nng nht pht trin mng li thu gom rc trong thi gian ti.
Nhm khng tham gia dch v (nu cung cp) v cha cp bch tp trung ch yu x
Vnh An ca huyn Ty Sn (82,5%), x Hoi Hng ca huyn Hoi Nhn (66,7%), x
M Chu ca huyn Ph M (65%), v hu ht cc x cn li. i vi nhng ni ny th
nhn thc ca ngi dn l cha thun li cho vic pht trin mng li thu gom rc,
ng thi cng phn nh nhng iu kin cha chn mui cho loi hnh dch v ny.
4. nh gi dch v thu gom rc thi hin c ti vng kho st
4.1. Cc dch v thu gom rc hin c ti a phng
Cho n nay, cc dch v thu gom rc vng d n cn rt t v gii hn mt s im
dn c tng i tp trung v c c s h tng ph hp. Do vy, cng tc thu gom rc
thi cc a phng phn ln ch thc hin dc theo Quc l 1A v cc trc giao thng
ln, kt qu kho st t bng 77:
- Huyn Hoi Nhn c Cng ty TNHH xy dng Nguyn Tn (doanh nghip t nhn),
hot ng mt s a bn thuc th trn Bng Sn, x Hoi Tn, x Hoi Thanh Ty, x
Tam Quan Bc, v th trn Tam Quan. Dch v thu gom rc th trn Bng Sn hot
ng t nm 2000, v s h tham gia dch v ny l khong 10.000 h. Ngoi ra, t nm
1998 n nay ch Hoi Hng cng c dch v thu gom rc do cp huyn qun l.
- Huyn Ph M c Ht giao thng cng chnh, hot ng mt s a bn thuc th trn
Ph M, th trn Bnh Dng, v x M Hip. Ngoi ra, cn c dch v thu gom rc
Chnh Thun t thn Bnh Tr, x M Quang bt u hat ng t nm 2008 vi cng
sut khai thc hin ti 15m3/ngy m, v s h tham gia hin nay l 1.166 h, v dch
v thu gom rc Dng Liu cng thn Bnh Tr, x M Quang bt u hot ng t
nm 2008, vi cng sut thit k l 6m3/ngy m, hin c 502 h tham gia.
- Huyn Ph Ct c Ht giao thng cng chnh, hot ng mt s a bn ca th trn
Ng My v x Ct Hanh. Dch v thu gom rc ny hot ng nm t nm 2007, cng
sut thit k l 30m3/ngy m, s h tham gia l 2.462h.
- Huyn An Nhn c 3 t chc hot ng trong lnh vc rc thi v mi trng gm:
+ Cng ty mi trng th An Nhn (thuc Hp tc x An Nhn), hot ng mt
s im dn c trong phm vi th trn Bnh nh, x Phc Hng v Phc Quang
ca huyn Tuy Phc. Dch v ny c a vo hat ng t nm 2007, cng
sut thit k l 30m3/ngy m dnh cho 2.500 h, nhng thc t s h tham gia
dch v l 5.000 h.
+ Cng ty TNHH Gia Pht (doanh nghip t nhn), hot ng mt s im dn c
trong phm vi th trn p , x Nhn Hng, x Nhn Thnh, v x Nhn Hu.
+ Cng ty TNHH Nhn Th (doanh nghip t nhn), hot ng mt s im dn c
trong phm vi cc x Nhn Th, Nhn Tn, Nhn Ho, v Nhn Phc.

62

- Huyn Tuy Phc c Cng ty mi trng H Thanh, hot ng mt s im dn c

trong phm vi th trn Tuy Phc, th trn Diu Tr, x Phc Lc, x Phc An, v x
Phc Thnh. Dch v thu gom rc ny bt u hot ng t nm 2006, cng sut thit
k l 50m3/ngy m dnh cho 7.500 h, nhng hin nay mi ch khai thc mc 21
m3/ngy m, vi 3.000 h tham gia.
- Huyn Ty Sn c Hp tc x nng nghip v dch v Ph Phong, hot ng mt s
im dn c trong phm vi th trn Ph Phong, x Ty Xun, v x Ty Ph. Dch v thu
gom rc ny bt u hot ng t nm 1998 vi 2.850 h tham gia.
4.2. nh gi ca ngi dn trong vng kho st v cc dch v hin c
Cuc kho st tin hnh phng vn cc h gia nh c s dng dch v thu gom rc
nhm tm hiu s nh gi ca ngi dn v cht lng dch v. Trong tng s cc a
phng c kho st, c 4 x/th trn c dch v thu gom rc, gm x Hoi Hng, x
Phc Lc, th trn Bnh nh, v th trn Ph Phong, vi 138 h c tham gia dch v thu
gom rc. Cc nh gi ca ngi dn c th hin trn mt s kha cnh chnh bng
78:

V hnh thc thu gom rc

Phn ln xe rc n ngay trc nh, nhng mt s x th ngi dn mang rc n tp

trung mt ch, xe rc n ly. Khong cch t nh n ni tp trung rc trung bnh
khong t 100m 200m (bng 79). Vn cn mt s bt tin trong vic t chc cc im
thu gom rc. Cng ty A buc ngi dn tham gia y th mi a xe vo thu gom.
Nhng cng ty ny khng a xe ln vo, ch a xe y vo thu gom. H bt ngi dn
mang n im tp hp rc. iu ny gy nn s khng ng tnh trong dn v thu
tin rc m cn phi mang rc ra im tp hp, v iu ny dn n mt s h dn
khng ng tin m vn mang rc ra , ri khng bit l rc ca ai. (PVS. cn b
x Phc Lc). C hm xe rc chy qua khng c kn hay chung bo hiu, tui khng
hay nn rc ca nh n 2 ngy sau mi c, mi hi thi bc ln (TLN Nhm
hn hp nam n, thn Phc M 2, x Phc Lc).
V thi gian thu gom rc v mc thu gom u n
Thng thng vic thu gom rc c thc hin t 2 -3 ngy mt ln. i vi khu vc
th nh th trn Bnh nh v th trn Ph Phong th 2 ngy/ln, cn khu vc nng
thn th 3 ngy/ln (bng 80). Nhn chung, ngi dn nh gi cao v mc u n
theo ngy thu gom rc. Tnh chung, c n 53,6% nh gi tt v 10,1% nh gi rt tt.
Ch c khong 18,8% s kin nh gi trung bnh v 8% s kin nh gi km v rt
km. Tuy nhin, cc nhn nh tt tp trung ch yu cc th trn (65,5% v 19% s
kin nh gi tt v rt tt th trn Bnh nh, 83,3% c nh gi tt th trn Ph
Phong). Trong khi , hai x cn li th nh gi ch yu l trung bnh. Cc nh gi v
mc ng gi ca vic thu gom rc cng c ngi dn nh gi tng t nh i
vi mc u n theo ngy thu gom rc v hai th trn th tt hn l hai x.
V cht lng phng tin thu gom rc
Cc nh gi ca ngi dn v phng tin thu gom rc cng kh tch cc, vi khong
55,1% kin tt, 31,2% trung bnh, v ch 9,4% l km hoc rt km. th trn Bnh nh

63

v th trn Ph Phong, trn 70% s kin nh gi v cht lng phng tin thu gom
rc l tt, s kin cn li l trung bnh. Tuy nhin hin nay nhiu dch v cha c xe
chuyn dng dng cho thu gom rc. a phng khng c xe chuyn dng nn khng
thu gom ht rc (cch ngy ly ngy). Nu thi gian xe thu gom h th rc b ng.
(TLN. Nhm hn hp nam n, a ngnh ngh, khi 3, th trn Ph Phong).
cc x, xe thu gom rc cha m bo cht lng. Gn 40-50% s h c phng vn
x Hoi Hng v x Phc Lc cho rng cht lng xe thu gom rc ch t mc
trung bnh; ring x Hoi Hng c mt s kin cho rng cht lng phng tin thu
gom rc l km. Thng xe thu gom rc b hng, nn khi thu gom, p rc nc d chy ra
ngoi ng gy mi hi nh hng n cng ng. (TLN. Nhm hn hp nam n, a
ngnh ngh, thn Phc M 2, x Phc Lc, huyn Tuy Phc).
V s thun tin ca mng li thu gom rc
Nhn chung, a s kin nh gi tch cc v s thun tin ca mng li thu gom rc,
vi khong 65% nhn xt tt v rt tt, 19,6% nhn xt trung bnh, v ch c 13% nhn
xt km hoc rt km. Tuy nhin s thun tin ny tp trung ch yu hai th trn. C
n 96,7% v 86,2% s kin th trn Ph Phong v th trn Bnh nh nhn xt tt v
rt tt i vi vic t chc mng li thu gom rc. Cc nh gi x Hoi Hng v x
Phc Lc ch yu l t trung bnh tr xung. iu ny cho thy vic qui hoch mng
li thu gom nhng ni ny cha to ra c s thun li cho ngi dn, k c do
cc nguyn nhn ch quan v khch quan. y l mt kha cnh cn c tp trung ci
thin i vi cc dch v thu gom rc nng thn.
V s thun tin ca vic thu tin rc
Nhn chung, ngi dn nhn xt tch cc nht v s thun tin ca vic thu tin rc, vi
65,9% v 6,5% s kin nh gi tt v rt tt. Hu ht kin th trn Bnh nh v th
trn Ph Phong u nh gi tt nhng hai x th a s nh gi mc trung bnh.
iu ny cho thy c mt s bt tin trong vic thu tin rc nng thn.
Thi ph v ca ngi thu gom rc
V thi phc v ca ngi thu gom rc, 55,8% v 5,1% s kin nhn xt tt v rt
tt, trong khi 36,2% nhn xt trung bnh, rt t kin nhn xt thi km. Tng t nh
i vi cc lnh vc khc, ngi dn nhn xt tt hn v thi phc v ca ngi thu
gom rc hai th trn so vi hai x cn li.
V tnh trng v sinh ca vic thu gom rc
Nhn chung, trn 1/2 s kin nhn xt tnh trng v sinh ca vic thu gom rc l tt, trn
1/4 nh gi mc trung bnh, nhng cng cn n 18,8% cho rng tnh trng v sinh l
km hoc rt km. Tnh trng v sinh tt tp trung ch yu hai th trn trong khi nhiu
kin x Hoi Hng cho rng tnh trng v sinh km. Thi ca ngi thu gom rc
nhit tnh nhng lm khng sch s (rc cn ri rt lung tung m khng qut sch), mt
phn cng l do tin lng ca nhng ngi thu gom rc cn thp. (TLN. Nhm nam n
hn hp, khi 3, th trn Ph Phong)
V gi tin thu gom rc hin nay

64

Chi ph tin rc ca mi h hin nay khong 6.000 10.000 ng/thng ty theo h sng
trong hm hay mt ng ln (hm nh: 6.000 ng/thng; hm ln: 8.000 ng/thng;
mt tin ng chnh: 10.000 ng/thng. a s cc ni cho rng gi tin thu gom rc l
bnh thng (76,8%) nhng cng c khong 19,6% cho rng tng i cao. iu rt
ngc nhin l hu ht kin cc x cho rng gi c bnh thng (t l ny x Hoi
Hng l 91,3%, x Phc Lc l 85,2%), trong khi cc th trn th cho rng tng
i cao, chng hn 14/30 kin th trn Ph Phong v 9/58 kin th trn Bnh nh
cho l gi tng i cao. iu ny c th l ph thu gom rc cc th trn cao hn cc
x.
nh gi chung v cht lng dch v
T nhng kha cnh ring bit ca dch v thu gom rc, mt cch tng qut, ngi dn
kh hi lng vi cht lng dch v thu gom rc ti a phng, vi t l 15,2% rt hi
lng, 46,4% hi lng, 21% l bnh thng trong khi ch c 17,4% l khng hi lng. Ph
hp vi cc nh gi i vi tng lnh vc ca dch v thu gom rc, mc hi lng ca
ngi dn hai th trn cao hn hn so vi hai x cn li. Khong gn mt na s h
s dng dch v thu gom rc hai x ny khng hi lng vi dch v thu gom rc y.
S khng thun tin ca vic thu gom rc, thu tin rc, phng tin thu gom rc cha
tt, tnh trng v sinh ca vic thu gom rc cha tt, l nhng yu t cn phi c ci
thin nng cao cht lng dch v thu gom rc.
5. Cng tc truyn thng v nng cao nhn thc ca ngi dn v v sinh mi
trng
C th ni, hin nay hu ht mi ngi u c nhn thc v vn v sinh mi trng,
mc nh hng ca rc thi, nc thi i vi mi trng sng, i vi sc khe con
ngi. Rc t nh hng n sc khe ca ngi dn, v hin nay rc t ch yu l
bch nha, cht nha ny chy ra c mi hi rt kh chu. (TLN Nhm n, thn T
Cung, x Phc Thng). Tuy nhin, bin nhng nhn thc thnh hnh vi bo v
mi trng l rt kh. Qua phn tch trn cho thy, bn cnh nhng ngi c hnh vi
bo v mi trng, khng vt rc ba bi vn cn khng t ngi vt rc ra ng,
xung sng, sui, knh rch, v gy ra mt trong nhng vn cp bch cn gii
quyt v mi trng. Vn t ra y l cn y mnh cng tc tuyn truyn, vn
ng nhm thay i hnh vi ca con ngi trong cng cuc bo v mi trng.
5.1. Thc trng cng tc truyn thng ti cc a bn kho st
Mc t chc cc chng trnh tp hun, truyn thng v v sinh mi trng cp c
s l rt t. Cha c chng trnh no tuyn truyn v nc sch cng nh rc thi v
v sinh mi trng ni chung. Thng khi c vic g th x ch vn ng ngi dn thc
hin sao cho hp v sinh thi ch chnh ngay nhng ngi c trch nhim qun l nh
chng ti cng nh cc hi on th khng c chuyn mn th lm sao ni c (PVS
cn b qun l UBND x Ct Lm). Cha c kha tp hun v sinh mi trng no x
ny, cha ai cp n vn v sinh mi trng c th nh nc sch, v mi trng
ni chung, cha c t chc tuyn truyn v mi trng. (PVS cn b qun l UBND x
M Chu)

65

Hu ht cc cuc vn ng tuyn truyn cho ngi dn v vn s dng nc sch,

bo v mi trng vn ch dng lng ghp, truyn ming, cha c ti liu v hnh nh
minh ha ngi dn d hiu. Cha c nhng chuyn ring trc tip tuyn
truyn cho ngi dn. Cc cuc vn ng tuyn truyn vn cn mang nng tnh cht vn
ng, t thc l chnh. i vi cng tc tp hun th cha c ln no tp hun v v
sinh mi trng, cng cha c ti liu g tham kho cho chnh thc v v sinh mi
trng. l kh khn trong vic nng cao nng lc cho cn b cng nh cho ngi dn
a phng thc hn v lnh vc ny. V tuyn truyn th x cng c nhng bui tip
xc c tri ni chuyn v mi trng do x t son v lng ghp vi cc chuyn
khc (PVS qun l x Phc Lc, huyn Tuy Phc, Bnh nh, 2010)
Ngoi hnh thc lng ghp trong cc cuc hp, qua loa, i, nhng tm p phch treo
trn ng l chnh, thnh thong cng c nhng t truyn thng do cc cn b c
chuyn mn ca tnh, huyn thuyt trnh nhng thng l ch n c vi cc cn b
c s nh cn b ph n, hi nng dn cn a s nhng ngi trc tip tuyn truyn
cho ngi dn th li cha c chuyn mn. H ch ni theo nhng g m h hiu c,
khng c kin thc chuyn mn su v khng phng tin tuyn truyn cho ngi
dn. Nhng ngi c trch nhim qun l nh chng ti cng nh cc hi on khng
c chuyn mn th lm sao ni c. Cn b kim nhim thi ch cha c chuyn trch,
cha c cn b chuyn mn, cha c bi bn trong vic ng vin, tuyn truyn (PVS
cn b qun l UBND x Ct Lm); i ng tuyn truyn khng c chuyn mn, ch yu
l c mt anh lnh vc a chnh, t ai lm kim lun mi trng. (PVS cn b qun
l x M Chu).
Hn na, kinh ph cho ngi i tuyn truyn cha c nn kt qu khng cao. i ng
cn b phi hot ng trong nhiu lnh vc nhng tin lng th qu t, thu lao cha
xng ng, cha to c ng lc cho h.
Vi hnh thc, cch thc truyn thng hin ti khng em li hiu qu cao. Tt c ch ni
qua trong cuc hp, lng tri thc i vo trong dn sau rt t, hoc ch l nghe ri
, khng vn dng trong thc tin. y l mt trong nhng nguyn nhn chnh dn n
vic vt rc ba bi ra ng, sng ngi, knh rch, nh hng n mi trng sng.
5.2. Mt s xut v cng tc tuyn truyn, vn ng
Trc thc trng v sinh mi trng v cng tc truyn thng hin ti, m bo v
sinh mi trng ni chung v vn rc thi, nc thi ni ring cn c mt s hat
ng v tuyn truyn, vn ng nh sau:
- Thng xuyn t chc cc bui sinh hat tuyn truyn, vn ng hn.
- Thay i cch thc t chc:
+ Lng ghp cc chng trnh vn ngh, tiu phm xoay quanh nhng cu chuyn
gn vi vn v sinh mi trng trong cuc sng hng ngy.
+ Tm ra nhm cng tc vin nng ct trong cng ng, bi nhm ny rt gn gi
vi ngi dn v c th trc tip chia s, tuyn truyn, vn ng ngi dn tham
gia.

66

+ C nhng ti liu hnh nh minh ha, d hiu.

+ Quay video clip truyn thng, hng dn, v nu tc hi ca vic nhim mi
trng.
- Tng cng nng lc, o to k nng cho truyn thng vin.
- Cn tng cng cc tuyn truyn vin c chuyn mn t trn xung, cn c ngi t
ni khc cp huyn, cp tnh n tuyn truyn s thuyt phc hn, ngi trong thn ni
khng ai nghe. Cn c s phi hp gia cc t chc ban ngnh on th. Lm vic c
lp th ngi dn khng hp tc (ngi dn khng i hp, khng c ting ni i vi
ngi dn). (TLN Nhm n thn Phng Phi, x Ct Tin). Mt ln na cho thy, cn
y mnh cng tc tng cng nng lc cho cn b qun l nhm to s tin tng trong
ngi dn.
- Thng xuyn pht ng cc phong tro ton dn gi gn v sinh chung: Nh nc
nn pht ng ton dn dn v sinh cng cng nhn dp cc ngy l dn dn thay i
nhn thc ca ngi dn. (PVS cn b huyn An Nhn)
Hp: Mt s hot ng in hnh v thu gom rc, x l rc thi
1. Nhng sinh vin tnh nguyn n lng o h rc cho b con, 10 nh o 1 h tp trung
rc. Ma nng th t, ma ma th c y. T gic, ai t cng cng c.
(TLN. Nhm hn hp nam n hot ng nng nghip, lng Kon Jt, x Vnh An)
2. Hin nay hng thng ngi dn trong lng pht ng chng trnh dn v sinh trong lng,
nn vn rc thi khng c nhiu.
(TLN. Nhm hn hp nam n hot ng nng nghip, lng Kon Jt, x Vnh An)
3. Hin nay, Ban v sinh mi trng ca x vn ng mt s thn nh Ca Cng Nam, Ca
Cng, Thch Xun Bc vn ng ngi dn o h b rc xung v mua du vo t,
cng vic ny ch lm c ma nng cn ma ma th khng gii quyt c, ngi dn
li em ra ng b. Vn ng ngi dn ng 1.0002000 trong 1 thng, mt thn thu
cng c khong 100 n 150 ngn mua du t.
(PVS cn b UBND x Hoi Hng)

67

PHN III: CC XUT CHNH SCH

I. I VI VN CUNG CP V S DNG NC SCH
1. xut i vi c quan qun l nh nc v cc t chc x hi
1.1. Nng cao thc ngi dn trong vic bo v ngun nc v s dng nc
hp v sinh.
- Ngi dn cha c thc cao trong vic bo v ngun nc sinh hot. Vic o hoc
khoan ging gn nh tiu hoc chung heo, b l kh ph bin nng thn, dn n
nhim ngun nc ging t cc cht thi trn; vic khng c bin php bt kn ming
ging sau khi khng s dng lm cho ngun nc ngm b nhim bn.
- Vic s dng nc ging cha qua x l hoc ch x l n gin bng cc bin php
lc c hc n gin, khng un si khi ung, hoc tm nc sng cho thy ngi dn
cha thy r nh hng lu di ca ngun nc s dng i vi sc khe. Do , y
mnh cng tc truyn thng nng cao thc cho ngi dn l mt vn quan trng
cn phi c c bit quan tm.
- Trong khi cha c gii php thay th ngun nc mt cch trit , cn c hng dn
n tn ngi dn cc phng php lc phn, kh mi hiu qu thay v ngi dn
thc hin theo kinh nghim nh hin nay.
1.2. Cn c c ch thng nht vic pht trin cc cng trnh cp nc tp trung
nng thn trn a bn tnh, thun li trong qu trnh qun l, vn hnh cng
trnh cng nh vic lng ghp cc ngun vn c hiu qu.
- V qun l quy hoch: Cc s, ngnh chc nng ca tnh, UBND cc huyn, thnh ph
cn tng cng cng tc qun l quy hoch, phn vng u tin u t pht trin xy
dng cng trnh cp nc v x l cht thi rn;
- V u t xy dng cng trnh: u tin u t xy dng cc cng trnh ti nhng a
bn c nhu cu cp thit, cng trnh c quy m ln phc v lin thn, lin x, lin huyn;
cng trnh phi bo m tnh bn vng cao. Cng tc chun b u t xy dng cng
trnh phi c nghin cu, chun b tht tt, cng tc iu tra nh gi hin trng m
bo phn nh ng thc t; gii php cng ngh x l phi ph hp vi ngun nguyn
liu u vo;
- V qun l sau u t: n v qun l, vn hnh cng trnh sau u t phi l ch u
t qun l xy dng cng trnh, d n hoc c ngi tham gia vi ch u t trong vic
t chc lp d n, thit k, theo di, qun l, nghim thu v tip nhn a cng trnh vo
khai thc, s dng.
+ i vi cc cng trnh v ang xy dng, u tin trc ht l m bo cng tc
qun l sau u t v y l mt trong nhng yu t quan trng nht quyt nh cht
lng v hiu qu u t. Gii php c bn cho vn ny l gn trch nhim ca n
v xy dng cng trnh vi vic qun l, bo tr, vn hnh, v kinh doanh sau u t.
Hin nay, cng tc qun l, vn hnh cng trnh sau u t c la chn theo cc m
hnh nh: Trung tm Nc sch v V sinh mi trng nng thn, Ban qun l cp nc
68

huyn, Doanh nghip, T nhn, Cng ng. Do hn ch v trnh chuyn mn v cch

thc qun l, nhiu cng trnh cp nc nhanh xung cp, h hng, hoc cht lng
nc khng m bo.
Cn c mt n v u mi c nng lc, chng hn Trung tm Nc sch v Mi
trng, chu trch nhim xy dng, qun l, v chu trch nhim t u n cui. n v
ny c th chuyn giao cng ngh v k kt hp ng vi mt ngi ti a phng
qun l cng trnh ny di s gim st ca n v ny. Gn lin li ch kinh t trc tip
vi trch nhim ca cc c nhn v n v i vi cng trnh, d n nc l iu kin
tin quyt loi b tnh trng c nhn, n v no cng c lin quan nhng khng c ai
chu trch nhim c th. Xy dng cc ch ti x pht mnh i vi cc hnh vi vi
phm trong hot ng cp nc nng thn nhm nng cao trch nhim ca cc n v
qun l, vn hnh. Ngoi ra, vic t chc nh k cc kha tp hun v k thut v qun
l cho nhn vin qun l cng trnh nc do cc c quan c chuyn mn m trch l
ht sc cn thit. Kt qu kho st va qua cho thy, trnh chuyn mn ca cc cn
b c s rt yu v cng tc tp hun cn rt hn ch.
Cn xy dng qui ch qun l, trong a ra nhng iu kin ti thiu v nng lc
qun l, vn hnh ca cn b, cng nhn vn hnh (chng hn, phi hon thnh kha
tp hun ngn hn do c quan c thm quyn t chc v thm nh) v cc qui trnh
chun phi thc hin nhm m bo cht lng nc cp theo ng quy chun k thut
quc gia QCVN 02: 2009/BYT v QCVN 01: 2009/BYT. Cc n v qun l, vn hnh
cng trnh c trch nhim qun l, vn hnh theo quy trnh c xy dng, khai thc
v duy tu bo dng thng xuyn cng trnh; nh k t kim tra cht lng nc theo
quy nh; theo di, kim tra, ghi chp nht k qun l, vn hnh cng trnh; kp thi pht
hin, x l cc s c, sa cha nh cng trnh m bo cng trnh hot ng bnh
thng.
+ i vi nhng cng trnh s c thc hin, u tin trc ht l u t vo nhng ni
ang c nhu cu bc thit v nc sch v khi cc cng trnh s ng thi gii quyt
c nhu cu cho ngi dn va m bo v mt hiu qu kinh t. Mt khi ngun nc
ging o v ging khoan vn p ng c cc nhu cu sinh hot bnh thng th
ngi dn nng thn cha mun dng hoc ch dng nc my vi s lng rt thp,
khng hiu qu v mt kinh t.
Cc kt qu kho st kin ca ngi dn u phn nh r khun mu ny. Mt s khu
vc b nhim phn hoc nhim mn nng nh cc x Tam Quan Nam, l nhng ni c
tin quan trng cho vic pht trin cc cng trnh cp nc sch tp trung. Do vy,
cng tc kho st, tham vn cng ng phi c thc hin tht tt nhm nh gi th
trng trc khi quyt nh xy dng, cng sut cung cp, thit k mng li ng
ng, v hiu qu u t.
Kho st khoan thm d ngun nc l mt trong nhng yu t quan trng la chn
cng ngh x l nc ph hp v m bo tnh bn vng ca cc cng trnh cp nc,
c bit i vi cc vng ven bin thuc cc huyn Hoi Nhn, Ph M, Ph Ct, Tuy
Phc l nhng a bn rt d b xm nhp mn vo ma kh.
1.3. Ban hnh cc chnh sch h tr, khuyn khch ngi dn nng thn, h
ngho, vng ng bo dn tc s dng nc hp v sinh
69

Mt trong nhng kh khn hin nay i vi h ngho l chi ph lp t ng ng nc

t ng ng chnh vo nh v chi ph lp t ng h nc. Do , c th h tr mt
phn kinh ph hoc min phi khon chi ph lp t ng ng hoc ng h. C chnh
sch tr gi nc nhng phi bo m quyn li ca n v qun l, vn hnh v duy tr
s hot ng n nh ca cng trnh.
2. xut i vi cc nh cung cp dch v nc sch
2.1. Trc khi trin khai d n cung cp dch v nc sch cn c s tham kho
kin ca ngi dn v cc ch bo c bn.
+ S cn thit ca dch v;
+ S m3 nc c th s dng ca h;
+ Mc ch s dng nc: ung, nu n, sinh hot
+ Gi tin c th chi tr cho mt m3;
+ S cam kt tham gia ca ngi dn (nu cn thit).
2.2. Trong qu trnh thc hin v qun l d n, cn c s kim tra cht ch v
thng xuyn ci thin, nng cao cht lng nc cung cp.
+ Lp t ng ng ng k thut, m bo cht lng.
+ Gim st kim tra cht ch vic thi cng lp t, nhm trnh nhng tiu cc c th xy
ra;
+ Ch n cht lng ngun nc: trong, gim mi clo, .
+ n v vn hnh cng trnh cn tng cng cng tc t kim tra cht lng nc cp
nh k theo quy nh, ng thi c trch nhim thng bo kt qu kim nghim cht
lng nc cho khch hng s dng bit cng vi n v chc nng kim tra, gim
st.
Hp: Mt s hn ch ca cng trnh cp nc v xut
- Lp t ng ng nc cha ng k thut, lp c ng ng nc b cho ngi dn,
ng h khng c np... do nhiu h dn b mt nc. V vy cn lp t ng cho h
dn m bo cht lng v ng k thut.
- Nu s dng di 2 m3/thng th tho ng h nc nn lm cho ngi dn lo lng. Cn
b qui nh ny.
- Phi sp xp thi gian v thng bo ngi dn c th thun tin trong vic tham gia
dch v nc.
(TLN Khu Vnh Lim, c dch v cung cp nc sch, TT. Bnh nh, An Nhn)
- Cn h tr cho vic dn ng nc vo nh cho nhng h ngho.
- Vay vn u i cho ngi dn lp nc khi c nc.
- Cn kim nghim xem ngun nc hin ti ngi dn ang dng c gy nh hng g
n sc khe ngi dn hay khng ngi dn quyt nh s ng k s dng nc
my. y cng l mt bin php tuyn truyn ngi dn s dng ngun nc cp sinh
hot.
(TLN thn Tn Dng, Nhn An, An Nhn)

70

Hp: xut cch thc trin khai dch v

- Ngi dn c th s dng ngun nc sch trong trng hp c bt ng nc vo tn
nh, h ch tr tin nc xi hng thng.
- Trc khi trin khai cn c cuc hp tham kho kin ngi dn v gi c.
- Cn c s gim st ca ngi khi trin khai thc hin.
- Ngi dn c th ng gp ngy cng lao ng.
(TLN thn Phng Phi, Ct Tin, Ph Ct)
- ngh thng bo lch cp nc qua hp tc x ca x hoc c th l qua ngi thu tin.
- ngh x l nc k hn trc khi cung cp cho ngi s dng, trnh hin tng ng
bn en.
- T khi c dch v nc sch n nay ngi dn cha c tham gia tp hun hay c
truyn thng cch dng nc sch v hiu qu sau khi dng nc sch.
- Ngi s dng nc cha bit phn nh thng tin cht lng nc u nhn c
phn hi thng tin chnh xc nht. ngh thng tin qua cc cuc hp dn hoc cc cuc
hp on th vi c tri.
- Ni cung cp nc nn trang b kin thc hoc nhng thng tin s cp v cch x l nc
ca nh my nc hoc cch dng nc sch ca ngi dn cho ngi thu tin ngi
thu tin c th p ng bc xc nht thi khi c s c v nc xy ra.
- Hin nay, khong 60% s h trong thn tip cn c ngun nc sch, cn li nhng h
vng su vng xa khng c ng ng chnh, hoc bn thn ca h thiu kinh ph vo
lp t v vo ng h nc. Nhng h ngho vn c c h s dng nc sch ( nu h
gn ng ng chnh hoc cng xm c h thng ng ng, h t xoay s kinh ph
lp t v vo ng h nc, chnh quyn a phng khng h tr).
- Nhng h cha tip cn c ngun nc sch c kin h c th tr c chi ph lp t
ban u l 1.000.000 ng.
- Nhng h ngho h c th tr gi nc 2700 ng/ m3 nhng h khng c kh nng chi tr
chi ph lp t ban u.
(TLN T Cung, Phc Thng, Tuy Phc)

II. I VI VN RC V THU GOM RC THI, X L NC THI

1. Nng cao thc ca ngi dn trong vic gi gn v sinh mi trng thng qua
m hnh thnh lp cc nhm t qun trong khu vc.
- Hnh thnh cc nhm t qun v v sinh mi trng nhm nng cao vai tr ca cc
nhm x hi, tng cng s phi hp gia cc t chc an th. mi t hoc thn
thnh lp mt nhm t qun v tnh hnh v sinh mi trng vi nhng nhim v c th
nh:
+ Thnh phn nhm: mt s ngi dn nng ct (do ngi dn gii thiu) gi vai tr ch
o, vi s tham vn ca i din cc t chc on th trong khu vc.
+ Nhim v: t chc cc hat ng truyn thng ti khu vc, gii quyt cc vn c
lin quan n v sinh mi trng, hng thng pht ng cc phong tro, hat ng v
sinh mi trng.
- Nng cao nng lc, k nng truyn thng cho nhm t qun.
- C mt s hnh thc khen thng khuyn khch, ng vin tinh thn ngi dn cng
tham gia.

71

2. y mnh cng tc truyn thng, gi gn v sinh chung nhm thay i hnh vi

ca ngi dn.
-

Thng xuyn t chc cc bui sinh hot tuyn truyn, vn ng hn.

Thay i cch thc t chc:

+ Lng ghp cc chng trnh vn ngh, tiu phm xoay quanh nhng cu chuyn
gn vi vn v sinh mi trng trong cuc sng hng ngy.
+ C nhng ti liu hnh nh minh ha, d hiu.
+ Quay video clip truyn thng, hng dn, v nu tc hi ca vic nhim mi
trng.

Tng cng nng lc, o to k nng cho truyn thng vin.

Cng c nhiu kin cho rng, Cn c ngi ni khc cp huyn, cp tnh n

tuyn truyn s thuyt phc hn, ngi trong thn ni khng ai nghe. Cn c s phi
hp gia cc t chc ban ngnh on th. Lm vic c lp th ngi dn khng hp
tc (ngi dn khng i hp, khng c ting ni i vi ngi dn). (TLN n thn
Phng Phi, Ct Tin, Ph Ct). Mt ln na cho thy, cn y mnh cng tc tng
cng nng lc cho cn b qun l nhm to s tin tng trong ngi dn.

Thng xuyn pht ng cc phong tro tan dn gi gn v sinh chung: Nh nc

nn pht ng ton dn dn v sinh cng cng nhn dp cc ngy l dn dn thay
i nhn thc ca ngi dn. (PVS cn b hun An Nhn)

Hp: Mt s hat ng in hnh v thu gom rc, x l rc thi

1. Nhng sinh vin tnh nguyn n lng o h rc cho b con (o ch trng), 10
nh o 1 h tp trung rc. Ma nng th t, ma ma th c y. T gic ai
t cng cng c.
(TLN. Nhm hn hp (Nam N hot ng nng nghip) Lng Kon Jt, x Vnh An,
huyn Ty Sn.)
2. Hin nay hng thng ngi dn trong lng pht ng chng trnh dn v sinh trong
lng, nn vn rc thi khng c nhiu.
(TLN. Nhm hn hp (Nam N hot ng nng nghip) Lng Kon Jt, x Vnh An,
huyn Ty Sn.)
3. Hin nay, Ban v sinh mi trng ca x vn ng mt s thn nh Ca Cng
Nam, Ca Cng, Thch Xun Bc vn ng ngi dn o h b rc xung v mua
du vo t, cng vic ny ch lm c ma nng cn ma ma th khng gii
quyt c, ngi dn li em ra ng b. Vn ng ngi dn ng 1000 2000
trong 1 thng, mt thn thu cng c khong 100 n 150 ngn mua du t
(PVS cn b UBND x Hoi Hng, Hoi Nhn)

72

3. u t, h tr cho cc n v dch v thu gom rc nhm ci tin cht lng dch

v thu gom rc thi
- Th nht l quy hach bi rc. y l vn nng bng hin nay nhiu a phng
trn tan tnh Bnh nh. Nhiu ni c dch v thu gom rc nhng cha c bi rc tp
trung. V cha c bi rc tp trung, phn ln l cc bi rc tm thi cha c h thng
x l nn khi y gy ra nhim rt nng cho ngi dn. V vy, hin nay ang xy ra
tnh trng ngi dn chn cc xe thu gom rc khng cho vo cc bi rc tm thi
na. T chc thu gom cng thc hin nhng khng hiu qu l thiu bi rc tp
trung. Ngi dn thy nhim nn chn li khng cho nn gy kh khn rt ln cho
cng tc thu gom. (PVS cn b UBND x Hoi Hng, Hoi Nhn).
V vic quy hach bi rc hin nay l rt kh v a s ngi dn cc a phng
phn i vic xy dng bi rc ti a phng mnh. V d x Hai Hng, x t
chc kho st a im nhiu ln quy hach bi rc nhng khng hiu qu do gn
khu dn c.
Do , cn y mnh cng tc quy hach bi rc vi h thng x l rc thi t tiu
chun.
- Th hai l, kt qu kho st cho thy, a s ngi dn u c thc v vic s dng
dch v thu gom rc, song h ang quan tm n vn gi c thu ph hng thng.
Ngi dn rt mong mun c dch v thu gom rc nhng lo ngi v l ph hng thng
cn chi tr l bao nhiu (Nhm h dn hn hp (Nam n, a dng ngnh ngh), thn
Cu Li Ty, x Tam Quan Nam (B)). Nu c dch v thu gom rc th sn sng tham
gia nhng lo ngi v gi c. (Nhm thun Nng nghip (Nam N), thn ai Khoan, x
Ct Lm, huyn Ph Ct). Trong khi , cc n v thu gom rc trong tnh trng l4 v
c t h tham gia, thu khng b chi.
Nh vy, nhng khu vc c nhu cu cp bch v dch v cung cp rc th trc khi
cung cp dch v cn ch trc ht n vn ph thu hng thng i vi cc h gia
nh v trong giai an u nn c chnh sch h tr gi vn ng ngi dn tham
gia. Mt s cuc phng vn, tho lun nhm cho bit, trc y cng tng c mt
vi d n tht bi v vn ny. Trc y, a phng cng tng c dch v thu
gom rc nhng hat ng trong thi gian ngn ri tm ngng v c l l mt s ngi
khng ng ph. (TLN h dn thn Ca Cng Nam, x Hoi Hng, Hoi Nhn). Cc
c s cung cp dch v cng khng nh nu s h tham gia trn 90% th mi c th
thc hin c, v nu t hn th s l (PVS cng ty cung cp dch v thu gom rc An
Nhn).
Do , trc khi tin hnh cung cp dch v cn c s tham kho kin ca ngi dn
v gi ph thu hng thng v cch thu gom nhm c s ng thun gia ngi cung
cp dch v v ngi s dng dch v, m bo tnh bn vng cho vic cung cp dch
v. Sau ny c dch v thu gom rc, cn ngi dn t bn v quyt nh ni tp
trung rc xe thu gom rc ly rc (TLN Nhm dn thn Lc in, x Phc Thng,
Tuy Phc).
- Th ba, cn trang b y cc trang thit b thu gom rc, m bo v sinh mi trng
nh xe chuyn dng, xe m bo khng rc ri rt trn ng trong qu trnh vn
chuyn; m bo thu gom rc thng xuyn.

73

4. u t vo h thng x l nc thi sinh hot, chn nui v sn xut:

- Vn ng ngi dn o hm x l nc thi sinh hot, nc thi chn nui, trnh
nc chy trn lan ra vn, ng, nh hng n nhng h xung quanh.
- Chnh quyn a phng thng xuyn t chc cc t phun thuc dit rui, dit
mui nhm hn ch dch bnh v s ly lan ca dch bnh.
- Cho n nay, hu nh cc a bn kho st u cha c h thng x l nc thi
sinh hat; hoc mt s ni c t ng that nc nhng km cht lng. Do , cn
c mt s d n h tr ci thin c s h tng, m bo vn v sinh mi trng
da trn phng php tip cn ABCD - phng php tip cn ng tham gia ca
ngi dn. C th nh sau:
+ Pht hin ra thc trng vn nc thi, x l nc thi v tham vn cng ng
cch gii quyt nc thi nh th no?
+ Pht hin ra cc ngun lc vn c ca ngi dn v a phng, c th cng
tham gia khi trin khai thc hin d n. V d nh: ngy cng v tin c th tham
gia ng gp, tham gia vo qu trnh qun l thc hin d n, ai l ngi c th
ng ra vn ng,.
III. MT S CHNH SCH THC Y NGI DN S DNG NC SCH V V
SINH MI TRNG
Kt qu kho st cho thy, hu nh hnh vi bo v sc khe, bo v mi trng ca
ngui dn vng kho st cha cao. Bi cc yu t phong tc tp qun, yu t vn ha,
kinh t chi phi hnh ng ca con ngi. Do , Nh nc cn c mt s chnh sch
nhm thay i hnh vi con ngi trong ngn v di hn:
1. Chnh sch ngn hn
- Tr gi nc v ph thu gom rc hng thng nhng vng nng thn, vng kinh t
kh khn, nhm vn ng ngi dn cng s dng nc sch v m bo vn v
sinh mi trng.
- y mnh hat ng gim st v nh gi d n: tng cng cng tc thanh tra
kim tra, gim st cc cng trnh/d n thc hin.
- Pht trin ngun nhn lc ca cc c quan nh nc v cc c nhn c lin quan;
tng cng nng lc cho cn b a phng, cc n v thc hin cc d n.
- y mnh hat ng truyn thng bng hnh nh.
2. Chnh sch di hn
- a ni dung truyn thng v nc sch v v sinh mi trng vo chng trnh
gio dc hc sinh t bc tiu hc, nhm xy dng cho cc em hc sinh thc r v
vic s dng nc sch v v sinh mi trng. Hn na, cc em hc sinh l mt
trong nhng knh truyn thng tt cho cc gia nh v l ngun vn ng s dng
nc sch v v sinh mi trng rt hiu qu.

74

PH LC
PH LC 1: CC IM C CHN KHO ST
Bng 1: Danh sch 12 x/th trn ca 6 huyn c chn kho st
Huyn
Hoi Nhn

Ph M

Ph Ct

Ty Sn

An Nhn

Tuy Phc

X 1
Hoi Hng
(c dch v cung cp nc sch nhng
cng trnh xung cp, dn c tp trung,
vng ven bin, c dch v thu gom rc).
M Chu
(cha c dch v cung cp nc sch,
cha c dch v thu gom rc).
Ct Tin
(cha c dch v cung cp nc sch,
cha c dch v thu gom rc).
Vnh An
(c dch v cung cp nc sch, cha
c dch v thu gom rc).
Nhn An
(c dch v cung cp nc sch, cha
c dch v thu gom rc)
Phc Lc
(cha c dch v cung cp nc sch,
c dch v thu gom rc)

X 2
Tam Quan Nam
(c dch v cung cp nc sch,
cha c dch v thu gom rc).
M Hip
(cha c dch v cung cp nc
sch, cha c dch v thu gom rc).
Ct Lm
(cha c dch v cung cp nc
sch, cha c dch v thu gom rc).
TT. Ph Phong
(c dch v cung cp nc sch, c
dch v thu gom rc).
TT. Bnh nh
(c dch v cung cp nc sch, c
dch v thu gom rc)
Phc Thng
(c dch v cung cp nc sch,
cha c dch v thu gom rc)

Bng 2: Danh sch 24 thn ca 12 x/th trn thuc 6 huyn c chn kho st
Huyn

X/th trn

Thn/khi

Hoi Nhn

Hoi Hng

Ca Cng Nam, Ph An

Tam Quan Nam

Cu Li Ty, Tng Long 1

M Chu

Vn An, Lc Thi

M Hip

i Thun, Hu Lc

Ct Tin

Ph Hu, Phng Phi

Ct Lm

i Khoan, An im

Vnh An

Con Giang, Con Jt 1

TT. Ph Phong

Ph Xun, Khi 3

Nhn An

Thun Thi, Tn Dng

TT. Bnh nh

Vnh Lim, Quang Trung

Phc Lc

Ph M 2, Hanh Quang

Phc Thng

T Cung, Lc in

Ph M
Ph Ct
Ty Sn
An Nhn
Tuy Phc

75

PH LC 2: S LNG CC CUC PHNG VN

Bng 3: S lng cc cuc phng vn su phn theo cp hnh chnh v tnh cht ca
cc n v

1. Cp tnh
S TN-MT
Ban Qun l d n
S NN&PTNN
Trung tm NSNT
2. Cp huyn
UBND huyn
Phng Kinh t
Phng QLT
Phng NN&PTNT
Phng TN-MT
Trung tm Y t
Phng Cng Thng
Ban qun l nc sch
Cc n v thu gom rc
Cc n v cung cp
nc sch tp trung
3. Cp x
UBND x/th trn
Trng hc
Tng

Tng

Tnh

1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1

3
2
4
5
4
6
1
1
6

Hoi
Nhn

Ph M

1
1
1
1

Trong
Ph
Ty
Ct
Sn

1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1

An
Nhn

Tuy
Phc

1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1

5
1
12
6
59

2
1
9

1
2
1
10

2
1
10

1
2
1
10

2
1
8

2
1
8

Bng 4: S lng cc cuc tho lun nhm phn theo x v huyn

Huyn
Hai Nhn
Ph M
Ph Ct
Tuy Phc
An Nhn
Ty Sn

S cuc TLN

X
Tam Quan Nam
Hai Hng
M Hp
M Chu
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
TT. Bnh nh
Nhn An
TT. Ph Phong
Vnh An

4
3
2
3
2
4
4
2
3
4
3
2
36

Tng

76

S ngi tham gia

29
29
26
29
26
32
31
20
26
29
25
19
321

PH LC 3: CC BNG BIU
Bng 5: Cng tc kim tra, gim st v nc sch v v sinh mi trng phn theo
tnh/huyn

a phng

Hot ng kim tra, gim st ch yu v

NS v VSMT a phng
Kim tra nh gi cht lng nc sinh
hot
iu tra nh gi hin trng v NS&VSMT
nng thn

C/
Hng Hng t
khng qu
nm xut
X

Kim tra nh gi hin trng cc cng trnh

cp nc tp trung nng thn

Hoi Nhn

Kim tra v sinh mi trng

Ph M

Kim tra cng tc vn hnh, qun l

An Nhn

Kim tra v sinh mi trng

Tnh Bnh nh

Bng 6: Cng tc bo co nh k v nc sch v v sinh mi trng phn theo

tnh/huyn
a phng
Tnh Bnh
nh
Hoi Nhn

Ph M

An Nhn
Tuy Phc

Cc bo co nh k v t xut v
NS v VSMT a phng
Bo co kt qu thc hin

C/
Hng Hng Hng t
khng thng qu
nm xut
C

Bo co b ch s NS & VSMT nng

thn
Theo yu cu
Bo co tnh hnh VSMT
Bo co kt qu nh gi thc trng
qun l cc cng trnh cp nc tp
trung nng thn
Bo co s liu theo di nh gi
nc sch v v sinh mi trng
nng thn
Bo co tnh hnh kt qu thc hin
VSMT
Bo co nh k ca ngnh lin quan,
Phng NN, TNMT, trm qun l nc
sch

77

C
C

X
X

C
C

Bng 7: Tp hun v truyn thng v NS&VSMT nm 2009 phn theo tnh/huyn

S ln

Tng s
lt (lt
ngi)

a phng

Ni dung tp hun

Tnh Bnh nh

1, Hi ngh trin khai thc hin B ch s theo di,

nh gi nc sch v VSMTNT (Q s
51/2008/Q-BNN)

1 ln

2, Tp hun trin khai thc hin B ch s theo

di, nh gi nc sch v VSMTNT

21 ln

3, Hi ngh nh gi kt qu trin khai thc hin

B ch s theo di, nh gi nc sch v
VSMTNT,

2 ln

4, Tp hun nng cao nhn thc c bn v nc

sch v VSMTNT (thc hin cc vng d n)

5 ln

1, iu tra nh gi hin trng NS - VSMT nng

thn theo B ch s nm 2009,

1 ln

2, Trin khai d n nc sch 4 x khu ng Nam

huyn Hoi Nhn,

1 ln

3, Nng cao nng lc tuyn truyn cho cn b chi

hi ph n thn, khi ph, x, th trn trn a bn
huyn,

1 ln

4, Tuyn truyn php lut v bo v MT cho cc

c s sn xut kinh doanh gy nhim MT

15 ln

Ph M

Thu thp s liu theo di nh gi nc sch v

VSMT nng thn

1 ln

208

An Nhn

Tp hun iu tra b ch s nc sch v VSMT

2 ln

123

Tuy Phc

1, Tp hun cng tc theo di - nh gi nc

sch v VSMT

2 ln

99

1, Nng cao nhn thc cng ng v nc sch,

VSMT, nc thi

1 ln

1300

2, Cng tc theo di nh gi nc sch v

VSMT, nc thi,

1 ln

3, Trin khai v thc bo v v s dng nc

sch

2 ln

Hoi Nhn

1455

3506

2, Tp hun chuyn biogas, b lc

Ty Sn

78

Bng 8: Ngun nc v t l h s dng nm 2009 phn theo tnh/huyn

S h
gia
nh ti
a
phng

S
ging
o

S
ging
o
hp v
sinh

T l
ging
o
hp
v
sinh
(%)

S
ging
khoan

S
T l
ging ging
khoan khoan
hp
hp
v
v
sinh
sinh
(%)

T l
h s
dng
ng
h
nc
my
(%)

T l
h s
dng
nc
my
cng
cng
(%)

Tnh Bnh
nh(*)

302353

167436

134179

80,1

70733

61143

86,4

9,0

9,6

Hoi Nhn

51036

24609

17038

69,2

20160

16121

80,0

0,5

5,5

2810

890

702

78,9

1872

1756

93,8

0,5

2,5

3856

1169

824

70,5

1887

926

49,1

0,0

0,0

41116

26290

20749

78,9

7038

6466

91,9

11,6

2,4

M Hip

4270

3494

3043

87,1

109

106

97,2

0,0

0,0

M Chu

2144

1844

1573

85,3

69

49

71,0

0,0

0,0

43445

29817

26008

87,2

7106

5750

80,9

1,9

1,6

Ct Lm

1669

1612

1557

96,6

28

18

64,3

0,0

0,0

Ct Tin

2492

1608

1566

97,4

762

731

95,9

0,0

2,8

42297

18550

15008

80,9

11914

11229

94,3

15,5

0,3

TT Bnh nh

2335

439

334

76,1

1867

1848

99,0

Nhn An

3875

839

564

67,2

923

876

94,9

9,9

0,0

44668

19898

16632

83,6

14949

14005

93,7

14,7

0,3

Phc Thng

2320

95

80

84,2

721

634

87,9

9,2

23,8

Phc Lc

3417

1527

1378

90,2

1759

1707

97,0

0,0

0,0

31324

23625

17849

75,6

3043

2543

83,6

0,2

0,8

234

2,9

97,1

5255

3000

2821

94,0

487

487

100,0

26,6

0,0

a phng

Tam Quan
Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M

Ph Ct

An Nhn

Tuy Phc

Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong

(*) Ch tnh khu vc nng thn tnh Bnh nh, khng tnh 17 phng ca TP, Qui Nhn. S liu t
trung tm nc sch v v sinh mi trng tnh Bnh nh

79

Bng 9: Ngun nc v t l c quan s dng nm 2009 phn theo huyn

n v

Hoi Nhn

S lng
S lng cc ngun nc
% so vi s c s
c s Ging Ging Nc Khng Ging Ging Nc Khng
hin c
o khoan
my
c
o khoan
my
c
155

138

1,9

89,0

Nh tr

20

18

90,0

Trng hc

51

50

98,0

Trm y t

17

Bnh vin

100,0

32

32

100,0

Tr s UBND huyn

100,0

Cc c quan huyn

16

16

100,0

Tr s UBND x

17

35,3

Ch

15

11,8

88,2

Ph M

232

62

64

11

86

26,7

27,6

4,7

37,1

Trng hc

193

40

42

84

20,7

21,8

4,7

43,5

Trm y t

20

11

55,0

35,0

Tr s UBND x

19

11

15

57,9

78,9

10,5

183

83

170

45,4

92,9

4,4

Nh tr

17

25

40

147,1

235,3

5,9

Trng hc

54

54

100,0

Trm y t

15

15

100,0

Bnh vin

300,0

500,0

28

17,9

10,7

An Nhn

Ch
Tr s UBND huyn

Cc c quan huyn

50

Tr s UBND x

15

17

Tuy Phc

89

54

60,7

54

100,0

Nh tr

50

30

200,0
100,0

60,0
113,3

Trng hc

54

Trm y t

13

Bnh vin

Ch

Tr s UBND huyn

Tr s UBND x

13

80

10,0

Bng 10: S h gia nh c nh tiu hp v sinh nm 2009 phn theo tnh/huyn

S h
gia nh
ti a
phng

Tng s
h c
nh tiu
hp v
sinh

T l
h c
nh
tiu
hp v
sinh
(%)

Nh
tiu t
hoi

Nh tiu
thm di
nc

Nh tiu
hai ngn

Nh tiu
chm c
ng
thng hi

302353

151826

50,21

28,5

6,3

14,5

0,8

51036

35545

69,65

38,0

6,3

25,3

0,0

Tam Quan Nam

2810

2049

72,92

56,3

3,7

13,0

0,0

Hoi Hng

3856

3207

83,17

42,6

19,7

14,6

0,0

41116

18621

45,29

19,0

5,7

19,9

0,7

M Hip

4270

2477

58,01

8,2

8,5

45,5

0,0

M Chu

2144

1512

70,52

11,6

4,3

48,4

0,0

43445

15464

35,59

24,0

4,6

6,1

0,9

Ct Lm

1669

134

7,18

2,1

3,7

0,3

0,3

Ct Tin

2492

643

25,80

6,0

6,6

0,5

15,9

42297

22049

52,13

39,7

6,4

5,8

0,2

TT Bnh nh

2335

3341

86,22

82,9

0,6

0,0

0,0

Nhn An

3875

1319

56,49

34,6

9,3

10,7

0,0

44668

26133

58,50

36,7

7,7

13,7

0,4

Phc Thng

2320

1222

52,67

32,8

3,4

11,0

0,0

Phc Lc

3417

2564

75,04

53,6

11,5

9,3

0,6

31324

11467

36,61

23,9

4,5

8,1

0,2

234

2,99

0,6

0,0

1,6

0,0

5255

3952

75,20

65,4

4,1

9,5

1,3

a phng
Tnh Bnh nh (*)
Hoi Nhn

Ph M

Ph Ct

An Nhn

Tuy Phc

Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong

Trong (%)

(*) Ch tnh khu vc nng thn tnh Bnh nh, khng tnh 17 phng ca TP, Qui Nhn. S liu t
trung tm nc sch v v sinh mi trng tnh Bnh nh

81

Bng 11: S c quan c nh tiu hp v sinh nm 2009 phn theo huyn

S lng c s
hin c

T hoi

155

156

15

Nh tr

20

18

Trng hc

51

50

Trm y t

17

17

Bnh vin

17

Ch

32

20

Tr s UBND huyn
Cc c quan huyn

1
16

1
16

Tr s UBND x
Ph M

17
232

17
69

39

Trng hc

193

56

22

20

13

n v

Hoi Nhn

Trm y t
Tr s UBND x
An Nhn

S lng cc loi nh tiu

19
183

152

Nh tr

17

17

Trng hc

54

53

Trm y t

15

15

Bnh vin
Ch

1
28

7
3

Tr s UBND huyn

20

Cc c quan huyn

50

12

Tr s UBND x
Tuy Phc

15
89

25
53

Nh tr

54

Trm y t

13

Bnh vin

Ch

Tr s UBND huyn
Tr s UBND x

53

1
13

82

Hai ngn

Nh Khng
tiu
c
chm

12

11

Trng hc

Thm di
nc

88
86
2

Bng 12: S c s c h thng x l nc thi v s c s c h thng x l rc

thi cc t chc phn theo huyn
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Trm y t
Bnh vin
Ch
Tri chn nui
Ph M
Trm y t
Bnh vin
Tri chn nui
An Nhn
Trm y t
Bnh vin
Ch
Trm chn nui
C s sn xut
Tuy Phc
Trm y t
Bnh vin
Ch

Tng
s
76
17
1
32
26
29
20
2
7
232
15
1
28
23
165
20
13
1
6

S c s c h
thng x l
nc thi

% s c s
c h thng
x l nc
thi

S c s c
h thng x l
rc thi

% s c s c
h thng x l
rc thi

48
15
1
8
24
12
9
1
2
34

63,2
88,2
100,0
25,0
92,3
41,4
45,0
50,0
28,6
14,7

48
15
1
8
24
4
2
2

63,2
88,2
100,0
25,0
92,3
13,8
10,0
100,0

0,4

100,0

100,0

23
10

100,0
6,1

Bng 13: T l t c v nc hp v sinh v nh tiu hp v sinh ca 6 huyn

c kho st n nm 2010 v 2015

n v
(huyn)
Hoi Nhn
Ph M
Ph Ct
An Nhn
Tuy Phc
Ty Sn

Cc ch s
Cui nm 2010
Nm 2015
% s dn c nc
% s h c nh tiu % s dn c nc
% s h c nh
hp v sinh
hp v sinh
hp v sinh
tiu hp v sinh
82
60
100
85
85
60
100
85
85
60
100
85
90
70
100
85
90
75
100
85
82
60
100
85

83

Bng 14a: Cc cng trnh cp nc tp trung a bn tnh Bnh nh 2

Ngy
khi
cng

Ngy
hon
thnh

Cng
sut
thit k
m3/ng.

C
ng
sut
kha
i
th
c
th
c t
m3/
ng.

Ngun nc cp

S
T
T

A
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
2

Tn cng
trnh
Huyn/X

Tn cng trnh

Huyn
An Lo
Th trn
An Lo
X An
Dng
X An
Dng
X An
Dng
X An
Dng
X An
Ha
X An
Hng
X An
Hng
X An
Hng
X An
Ngha
X An
Ngha
X An
Ngha
X An
Quang
X An
Quang
X An
Quang
X An
Quang
X An
Quang
X An
Quang
X An
Tn
X An
Ton
X An
Ton
X An
Ton
X An
Ton

36

Nc
mt

N
c
ng
m

Bm
dn

T
chy

36

36

S h
cp
theo
thit
k

S
ngi
cp
theo
thit
k

S h
cp
theo
thc
t

S
ngi
cp
theo
thc
t

10

11

12

2,457

4,224

19,017

1,968

8,845

CN TT An Lo
CN lng Pakthn 2

Mt

T.chy

2004

2004

1,200

2,302

10,360

314

1,415

Mt

T.chy

2008

2008

20

45

200

61

269

CN thn 1

Mt

T.chy

1998

1998

75

89

400

100

450

CN thn 2

Mt

T.chy

1999

1999

35

44

200

46

210

CN thn 3

Mt

T.chy

1998

1998

40

66

300

70

320

CN Tr Cong

Mt

T.chy

2002

2002

70

136

610

75

335

CN thn 1

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

152

89

400

88

395

CN thn 2
CN thn 3, thn
5

Mt

T.chy

2001

2001

36

69

310

35

142

Mt

T.chy

2007

2007

50

56

250

40

180

CN thn 1

Mt

T.chy

2005

2005

30

58

260

48

213

CN thn 2
CN thn 3, thn
5
CN khu gin
dn-thn 2

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

30

41

185

27

120

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

72

56

253

55

250

Mt

T.chy

2008

2008

20

44

200

43

194

CN thn 2

Mt

T.chy

2001

2001

30

86

386

69

310

CN thn 3

Mt

T.chy

2002

2002

26

69

310

40

180

CN thn 4

Mt

T.chy

2005

2005

22

45

205

19

85

CN thn 5

Mt

T.chy

2001

2001

20

47

210

21

95

CN thn 6

Mt

T.chy

2001

2001

15

28

125

11

50

CN G n
CN lng Mithn 2

Mt

T.chy

2004

2004

15

18

80

35

155

Mt

T.chy

2008

2008

33

150

32

144

CN thn 1

Mt

T.chy

1999

1999

30

44

200

41

185

CN thn 2

Mt

T.chy

2001

2001

40

55

250

37

170

CN thn 3

Mt

T.chy

1999

1999

30

44

200

28

125

14a, 14b, 14c Kt qu thng k t trung tm nc sch v v sinh mi trng tnh Bnh nh

84

24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
II
1
2
3
4
5
II
I

1
2
3
4
5
6

7
8
9
10
11
12

X An
Trung
X An
Trung
X An
Trung
X An
Trung
X An
Trung
X An
Vinh
X An
Vinh
X An
Vinh
X An
Vinh
X An
Vinh
X An
Vinh
X An
Vinh
X An
Vinh
Huyn
An Nhn
Th trn
Bnh nh
Th trn
p
X Nhn
An
X Nhn
Tn
X Nhn
Thnh
Huyn
Hoi n
Th trn
Tng Bt
H
X n
Ho Ty
X n
ngha
X n
Sn
X n
Sn
X n
Sn
X n
Tng
Ty
X Bok
Ti
X Bok
Ti
X Bok
Ti
X Bok
Ti
X Bok
Ti

CN thn 1
CN thn 3, thn
8

Mt

T.chy

1992

1992

15

23

100

25

109

Mt

T.chy

2008

2008

25

64

288

67

300

CN thn 4

Mt

T.chy

2007

2007

40

62

280

62

280

CN thn 5

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

50

67

300

69

310

CN thn 6
CN Lng Trethn 4

Mt

T.chy

2003

2003

15

15

70

26

120

Mt

T.chy

2008

2008

20

44

200

43

194

CN thn 1

Mt

T.chy

2002

2002

30

39

175

39

175

CN thn 2

Mt

T.chy

1999

1999

53

78

350

79

355

CN thn 3

Mt

T.chy

1999

1999

38

55

250

54

245

CN thn 4

Mt

T.chy

1999

1999

20

44

200

44

200

CN thn 5

Mt

T.chy

1997

1997

33

55

250

55

250

CN thn 6

Mt

T.chy

2002

2002

30

36

160

37

165

CN thn 7

Mt

T.chy

2002

2002

30

5
CN TT Bnh
nh
CN TT p
CN 03 x ng
An Nhn
CN x Nhn
Tn
CN TT G
Gng-Ng My
14
CN TT Tng
Bt H
CN thn Tn
Xun
CN x n
Ngha
CN ng Nh
Mi
CN khu gin
dn

13

5
Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m

5
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n

Ng
m

B.d
n

78

350

33

150

6,100

1,7
17

14,355

67,993

5,081

22,661

2006

2009

1,550

640

3,571

17,856

1,569

6,526

2006

2009

1,650

350

3,760

18,800

1,782

8,356

2005

2006

1,330

192

3,361

13,400

1,173

5,411

2007

2008

320

65

756

3,400

318

1,376

2006

2009

1,250

470

2,907

14,537

239

992

2,087

935

2,826

16,284

2,059

8,268

250

1,405

7,023

1,220

4,483

13

2006

2009

600

Mt

T.chy

2004

2004

20

66

300

29

Mt

T.chy

2005

2005

195

266

1,200

12

53

Mt

T.chy

2005

2005

44

56

250

15

Mt

T.chy

2007

2007

80

80

360

25

Mt

T.chy

2000

2000

68

141

630

10

Mt

T.chy

2006

2007

600

150

372

4,531

319

1,436

Mt

T.chy

2008

2008

75

75

56

250

45

200

CN T1

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

70

70

44

200

40

180

CN T2

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

80

80

71

320

67

300

CN T4

Mt

T.chy

2007

2007

70

70

44

200

42

190

CN T5

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

25

93

420

66

300

CN T1, T2
CN x n
Tng Ty
CN G Dng
T6

85

80

X k
Mang
X k
Mang
Huyn
Hoi
Nhn
Th trn
Bng Sn
X Hoi
Hi
X Hoi
Hi
X Hoi
M
X Tam
Quan Bc
Huyn
Ph Ct
X Ct
Chnh
X Ct
Hanh
X Ct
Khnh
X Ct
Minh
X Ct
Tn
Huyn
Ph M
Th trn
Bnh
Dng
Th trn
Ph M
X M
Chnh
X M
c
X M
Phong
X M
Ti
X M
Thng
X M
Thng
X M
Thnh
X M
Th
Huyn
Ty Sn
Th trn
Ph
Phong
X Bnh
Tn
X Bnh
Tng
X Vnh
An

V
II

Huyn
Tuy

13
14
I
V
1
2
3
4
5
V
1
2
3
4
5
V
I

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
V
II

1
2
3

CN lng O10
CN lng O6,
O11

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

90

90

88

400

142

647

Mt

T.chy

2007

2007

70

70

44

200

88

400

6,410

2,6
70

11,608

54,252

3,024

14,432

5
CN TT Bng
Sn-Tam Quan
CN Hoi Hi
CN Ti nh c
Hoi Hi
CN Hoi M
CN Tam Quan
Bc

4
B.d
n
B.d
n

Ng
m

B.d
n
B.d
n

Mt

Mt
5
Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m

CN Ct Chnh
CN Ch Gm
CN Ct Khnh
CN Ct Minh
CN Kiu An
10

CN TT Bnh
Dng
CN TT Ph M
CN M Chnh

CN M Phong
CN M Ti
CN thn 7
CN thn 9
CN M Thnh
CN M Th
3

CN TT Ph
Phong

5
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n

10

Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m

Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m

B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n

Ng
m

B.d
n

Mt

T.chy

CN M c

3
Ng
m
Ng
m

2006

2009

3,850

350

6,565

32,824

699

2,965

1996

1997

120

120

1,108

4,365

17

66

2008

2009

80

80

133

1,000

2001

2002

360

667

3,000

2003

2005

2,000

120
2,0
00

3,135

13,063

2,308

11,401

3,060

5,218

23,465

1,695

8,573

1999

1999

525

777

3,500

502

2,752

2001

2001

1,000

1,224

5,500

290

1,320

2005

2005

480

1,001

4,500

621

3,208

2008

2009

1,000

2,167

9,745

243

1,137

1998

1998

55

49

220

39

156

9,382

47,019

3,760

17,636

1,084

5,420

305

1,183

2,933

13,200

500

2,321

5,250

2,7
10

2006

2009

500

2006

2009

1,200

250
1,2
00

2003

2005

900

500

2,785

12,531

1,462

6,981

2002

2005

500

500

610

2,744

413

2,149

2007

2008

150

2002

2002

300

175

714

2000

2000

100

1999

1999

300

50

127

570

2001

2002

900

140

881

3,965

223

973

1998

1998

400

488

2,200

682

3,315

5,049

23,000

2,098

11,150

2,001

9,000

1,265

5,089

3,330

2000

2000

2,000

2,654
70

474

2,135
1,600

310

CN Bnh Tn
CN x Bnh
Tng

Mt

T.chy

2005

2006

60

60

89

700

76

457

Mt

T.chy

2008

2009

1,220

200

2,889

13,000

732

4,798

CN lng Giang

Mt

T.chy

2007

2008

50

50

70

300

25

806

4,250

2,5
20

13,784

63,975

8,064

40,263

86

1
2
3
4
I
X
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

Phc
Th trn
Tuy
Phc
X Phc
Quang
X Phc
Sn
X Phc
Thun
Huyn
Vn
Canh
Th trn
Vn Canh
Th trn
Vn Canh
X Canh
Hip
X Canh
Hip
X Canh
Ha
X Canh
Ha
X Canh
Lin
X Canh
Lin
X Canh
Lin
X Canh
Lin
X Canh
Lin
X Canh
Lin
X Canh
Lin
X Canh
Lin
X Canh
Thun
X Canh
Thun
X Canh
Thun
X Canh
Thun

Huyn
Vnh
Thnh
Th trn
Vnh
Thnh
X Vnh
Hip
X Vnh
Hip
X Vnh
Ha
X Vnh
Kim

X Vnh

1
2
3
4

CN TT Tuy
Phc
CN ng-Bc
Tuy Phc

Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m

CN Phc Sn
CN Phc
Thun

18

B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n

18

2006

2009

1,250

420

2,795

13,975

1,573

8,818

2000

2002

1,500

700

4,459

20,000

2,290

10,270

1994

1996

600

650

2,630

12,000

1,789

9,917

2002

2004

900

750

3,900

18,000

2,412

11,258

3,716

190

4,656

20,939

1,587

7,140

68

307

90

405

18

CN Sui My
CN Sui
Phng
CN lng Canh
Giao

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

30

Mt

T.chy

1999

1999

1,500

100

2,891

13,000

267

1,200

Mt

T.chy

2005

2005

30

30

42

190

71

322

CN Sui Khc

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

500

206

927

122

550

CN Sui Dip

Mt

T.chy

2003

2003

80

77

350

69

315

CN Sui D

Mt

T.chy

2001

2001

500

156

700

89

400

CN K Bng

Mt

T.chy

2007

2007

70

78

350

54

242

CN K Bng

Mt

T.chy

2003

2003

30

29

130

29

130

CN K Nu
CN lng Canh
Tin

Mt

T.chy

2004

2004

76

45

200

34

150

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

50

107

480

67

300

CN lng Ct

Mt

T.chy

2002

2002

50

88

400

55

250

CN lng Chm

Mt

T.chy

2005

2005

50

44

200

44

200

CN sui B La
CN TT x Canh
Lin

Mt

T.chy

2004

2004

60

121

547

119

540

Mt

T.chy

2002

2002

40

76

340

76

340

CN H Giang

Mt

T.chy

2004

2004

50

89

400

46

206

CN K Te

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

30

65

292

65

290

CN K Xim

Mt

T.chy

2003

2003

500

300

1,344

179

800

CN Sui La Da

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

70

174

782

111

500

14
CN TT Vnh
Thnh

14

Mt

11

B.d
n

60

3,065

300

4,759

23,138

1,266

5,669

300

3,400

17,000

89

354

1999

1999

1,800

CN lng H Ri
CN Thnh
Quang

Mt

T.chy

2006

2006

31

102

460

102

460

Mt

T.chy

2007

2007

50

44

200

44

200

CN Thc

Mt

T.chy

2005

2005

50

100

450

111

499

CN akTra, O3

Mt

T.chy

2005

2005

10

45

200

27

120

CN lng K6

Mt

T.chy

2003

2003

28

110

500

88

400

87

Kim
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

X
I
1
2
3

X Vnh
Kim
X Vnh
Kim
X Vnh
Sn
X Vnh
Sn
X Vnh
Sn
X Vnh
Thnh
X Vnh
Thnh
X Vnh
Thun
Thnh
ph Quy
Nhn
X Nhn
Chu
X Nhn
Hi
X Phc
M

CN lng O5
CN T.Tm x
Vnh Kim (c)

Mt

CN lng K2

Mt

T.chy
B.d
n

Mt

T.chy
B.d
n

2006

2006

65

106

477

100

450

2006

2006

360

72

326

66

300

2005

2005

350

233

1,050

175

789

2006

2006

15

64

291

55

250

CN lng K3

Mt

CN lng K4

Mt

T.chy

2005

2005

150

150

677

89

400

CN lng M2

Mt

T.chy

2008

2008

50

127

575

91

412

CN lng M3

Mt

T.chy

2008

2008

32

51

232

33

150

CN L5, L7

Mt

T.chy

2007

2007

74

155

700

196

885

3
CN x Nhn
Chu
CN x Nhn
Hi
CN x Phc
M

Tng ton
Tnh

118

3
Ng
m
Ng
m
Ng
m

3
B.d
n
B.d
n
B.d
n

31

36

87

730

126

844

6,630

857

3,811

2000

2000

10

63

288

406

1,854

2002

2004

600

40

696

6,000

366

1,615

2008

2009

120

80

85

342

85

342

40,455

11,
478

76,705

365,712

31,459

148,448

82

Bng 14b: Gi tr u t ca cc cng trnh cp nc tp trung a bn tnh

STT

Tn cng trnh
Huyn/X

Tng
vn u t

A
I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

B
Huyn An Lo
Th trn An Lo
X An Dng
X An Dng
X An Dng
X An Dng
X An Ha
X An Hng
X An Hng
X An Hng
X An Ngha
X An Ngha
X An Ngha
X An Quang

C
36
CN TT An Lo
CN lng Pak-thn 2
CN thn 1
CN thn 2
CN thn 3
CN Tr Cong
CN thn 1
CN thn 2
CN thn 3, thn 5
CN thn 1
CN thn 2
CN thn 3, thn 5
CN khu gin dnthn 2

Sut u
t bnh
qun
(1000VN/ngi)

Gi tr u t cng trnh (1000 VN)

Tn cng trnh

Ngn sch
Nh nc

14
2,674,000
1,650,000
0
0
100,000
0
80,000
0
71,000
0
0
0
0
0

88

15
2,674,000
1,650,000
0
0
100,000
0
80,000
0
71,000
0
0
0
0
0

Vn
Quc t

Vn
ca
dn
ng
gp

16

Vn
khc

17
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

18
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

19
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

159.0
0.0
0.0
500.0
0.0
131.1
0.0
229.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0

14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

X An Quang
X An Quang
X An Quang
X An Quang
X An Quang
X An Tn
X An Ton
X An Ton
X An Ton
X An Ton
X An Trung
X An Trung
X An Trung
X An Trung
X An Trung
X An Vinh
X An Vinh
X An Vinh
X An Vinh
X An Vinh
X An Vinh
X An Vinh
X An Vinh

II
1
2
3

Huyn An Nhn
5
Th trn Bnh nh CN TT Bnh nh
Th trn p
CN TT p
X Nhn An
CN 03 x ng An
Nhn
X Nhn Tn
CN x Nhn Tn
X Nhn Thnh
CN TT G GngNg My

4
5

III Huyn Hoi n

1 Th trn Tng Bt
H
2 X n Ho Ty
3 X n ngha
4 X n Sn
5 X n Sn
6 X n Sn
7 X n Tng Ty
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

X Bok Ti
X Bok Ti
X Bok Ti
X Bok Ti
X Bok Ti
X k Mang
X k Mang

CN thn 2
CN thn 3
CN thn 4
CN thn 5
CN thn 6
CN G n
CN lng Mi-thn 2
CN thn 1
CN thn 2
CN thn 3
CN thn 1
CN thn 3, thn 8
CN thn 4
CN thn 5
CN thn 6
CN Lng Tre-thn 4
CN thn 1
CN thn 2
CN thn 3
CN thn 4
CN thn 5
CN thn 6
CN thn 7

72,000
60,000
78,000
72,000
71,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
67,000
85,000
58,000
57,000
0
73,000
80,000

72,000
60,000
78,000
72,000
71,000
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
67,000
85,000
58,000
57,000
0
73,000
80,000

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

186.5
193.5
380.5
342.9
568.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
382.9
242.9
232.0
285.0
0.0
456.3
228.6

42,375,000
8,500,000
8,800,000
6,779,000

9,475,000
0
0
5,079,000

31,200,000
8,500,000
8,800,000
0

1,200,000
0
0
1,200,000

500,000
0
0
500,000

476.0
468.1
505.9

4,396,000
13,900,000

4,396,000
0

0
13,900,000

0
0

0
0

1,292.9
956.2

14
CN TT Tng Bt H

17,309,000
8,200,000

9,109,000
0

8,200,000
8,200,000

0
0

0
0

1,167.6

CN thn Tn Xun
CN x n Ngha
CN ng Nh Mi
CN khu gin dn
CN T1, T2
CN x n Tng
Ty
CN G Dng T6
CN T1
CN T2
CN T4
CN T5
CN lng O10
CN lng O6, O11

0
0
0
1,170,000
0
2,480,000

0
0
0
1,170,000
0
2,480,000

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0.0
0.0
0.0
3,250.0
0.0
547.3

1,432,000
448,000
812,000
670,000
0
980,000
1,117,000

1,432,000
448,000
812,000
670,000
0
980,000
1,117,000

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

5,728.0
2,240.0
2,537.5
3,350.0
0.0
2,450.0
5,585.0

89

IV Huyn Hoi Nhn

5
1 Th trn Bng Sn CN TT Bng SnTam Quan
2 X Hoi Hi
CN Hoi Hi
3 X Hoi Hi
CN Ti nh c Hoi
Hi
4 X Hoi M
CN Hoi M
5 X Tam Quan Bc CN Tam Quan Bc

43,716,000
30,600,000

8,147,000
0

30,600,000
30,600,000

2,650,000
0

2,319,000
0

932.2

615,000
2,119,000

615,000
0

0
0

0
0

0
2,119,000

140.9
2,119.0

1,097,000
9,285,000

747,000
6,785,000

0
0

150,000
2,500,000

200,000
0

365.7
710.8

575,000
375,000
200,000
0
0
0

575,000
375,000
200,000
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

107.1
36.4
0.0
0.0
0.0

26,595,500
10,000,000

15,207,000
0

10,000,000
10,000,000

0
0

1,388,500
0

1,845.0

1,388,500
3,902,000
1,444,000
4,737,000
703,000
294,000
225,000
3,902,000
0

0
3,902,000
1,444,000
4,737,000
703,000
294,000
225,000
3,902,000
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1,388,500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

105.2
311.4
526.2
1,784.9
329.3
183.8
394.7
984.1
0.0

4
CN TT Ph Phong
CN Bnh Tn
CN x Bnh Tng
CN lng Giang

14,772,000
0
2,268,000
11,859,000
645,000

12,959,000
0
2,268,000
10,046,000
645,000

0
0
0
0
0

1,813,000
0
0
1,813,000
0

0
0
0
0
0

0.0
3,240.0
912.2
2,150.0

VIII Huyn Tuy Phc

4
1 Th trn Tuy Phc CN TT Tuy Phc
2 X Phc Quang
CN ng-Bc Tuy
Phc
3 X Phc Sn
CN Phc Sn
4 X Phc Thun
CN Phc Thun

19,700,000
7,900,000
4,604,000

9,000,000
0
3,500,000

7,900,000
7,900,000
0

2,055,000
0
837,000

745,000
0
267,000

565.3
230.2

3,207,000
3,989,000

2,900,000
2,600,000

0
0

80,000
1,138,000

227,000
251,000

267.3
221.6

18,735,800
489,000
2,800,000
400,000
3,616,000
749,000
473,000
867,900
230,700

16,949,300
489,000
1,400,000
400,000
3,616,000
749,000
473,000
867,900
230,700

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

20,500
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1,766,000
0
1,400,000
0
0
0
0
0
0

1,592.8
215.4
2,105.3
3,900.8
2,140.0
675.7
2,479.7
1,774.6

V
1
2
3
4
5

Huyn Ph Ct
X Ct Chnh
X Ct Hanh
X Ct Khnh
X Ct Minh
X Ct Tn

VI Huyn Ph M
1 Th trn Bnh
Dng
2 Th trn Ph M
3 X M Chnh
4 X M c
5 X M Phong
6 X M Ti
7 X M Thng
8 X M Thng
9 X M Thnh
10 X M Th
VII
1
2
3
4

IX
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Huyn Ty Sn
Th trn Ph Phong
X Bnh Tn
X Bnh Tng
X Vnh An

Huyn Vn Canh
Th trn Vn Canh
Th trn Vn Canh
X Canh Hip
X Canh Hip
X Canh Ha
X Canh Ha
X Canh Lin
X Canh Lin

5
CN Ct Chnh
CN Ch Gm
CN Ct Khnh
CN Ct Minh
CN Kiu An
10
CN TT Bnh Dng
CN TT Ph M
CN M Chnh
CN M c
CN M Phong
CN M Ti
CN thn 7
CN thn 9
CN M Thnh
CN M Th

18
CN Sui My
CN Sui Phng
CN lng Canh Giao
CN Sui Khc
CN Sui Dip
CN Sui D
CN K Bng
CN K Bng

90

9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

X Canh Lin
X Canh Lin
X Canh Lin
X Canh Lin
X Canh Lin
X Canh Lin
X Canh Thun
X Canh Thun
X Canh Thun
X Canh Thun

2
3
4
5
6
7
8

Huyn Vnh
Thnh
Th trn Vnh
Thnh
X Vnh Hip
X Vnh Hip
X Vnh Ha
X Vnh Kim
X Vnh Kim
X Vnh Kim
X Vnh Kim

9
10
11
12
13
14

X Vnh Sn
X Vnh Sn
X Vnh Sn
X Vnh Thnh
X Vnh Thnh
X Vnh Thun

XI Thnh ph Quy
Nhn
1 X Nhn Chu
2 X Nhn Hi
3 X Phc M
Tng ton Tnh

CN K Nu
CN lng Canh Tin
CN lng Ct
CN lng Chm
CN sui B La
CN TT x Canh Lin
CN H Giang
CN K Te
CN K Xim
CN Sui La Da

356,300
1,084,800
199,600
721,600
326,400
357,000
1,695,000
438,000
1,576,500
2,355,000

356,300
1,084,800
199,600
721,600
67,900
357,000
1,695,000
310,000
1,576,500
2,355,000

0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
12,500
0
0
8,000
0
0

0
0
0
0
246,000
0
0
120,000
0
0

14

6,737,000

6,737,000

CN TT Vnh Thnh

0.0

CN lng H Ri
CN Thnh Quang
CN Thc
CN akTra, O3
CN lng K6
CN lng O5
CN T.Tm x Vnh
Kim (c)
CN lng K2
CN lng K3
CN lng K4
CN lng M2
CN lng M3
CN L5, L7

648,000
384,500
64,900
37,900
0
669,600
378,400

648,000
384,500
64,900
37,900
0
669,600
378,400

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0
0

1,408.7
1,922.5
144.2
189.5
0.0
1,403.8
1,160.7

202,300
276,000
649,800
1,668,000
739,600
1,018,000

202,300
276,000
649,800
1,668,000
739,600
1,018,000

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
0

192.7
948.5
959.8
2,900.9
3,187.9
1,454.3

2,670,000

2,320,000

350,000

18,000
2,532,000
120,000

18,000
2,182,000
120,000

0
0
0

0
350,000
0

0
0
0

62.5
422.0
350.9

195,859,300

93,152,300

87,900,000

8,088,500

6,718,500

3
CN x Nhn Chu
CN x Nhn Hi
CN x Phc M
118

91

1,781.5
2,260.0
499.0
3,608.0
596.7
1,050.0
4,237.5
1,500.0
1,173.0
3,011.5

Bng 14c: M hnh qun l ca cc cng trnh cp nc tp trung a bn tnh

Hot ng bn vng
M hnh qun l
Tn cng trnh
Huyn/X

Tn cng trnh

I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36

Huyn An Lo
Th trn An Lo
X An Dng
X An Dng
X An Dng
X An Dng
X An Ha
X An Hng
X An Hng
X An Hng
X An Ngha
X An Ngha
X An Ngha
X An Quang
X An Quang
X An Quang
X An Quang
X An Quang
X An Quang
X An Tn
X An Ton
X An Ton
X An Ton
X An Ton
X An Trung
X An Trung
X An Trung
X An Trung
X An Trung
X An Vinh
X An Vinh
X An Vinh
X An Vinh
X An Vinh
X An Vinh
X An Vinh
X An Vinh

STT

36
CN TT An Lo
CN lng Pak-thn 2
CN thn 1
CN thn 2
CN thn 3
CN Tr Cong
CN thn 1
CN thn 2
CN thn 3, thn 5
CN thn 1
CN thn 2
CN thn 3, thn 5
CN khu gin dn-thn 2
CN thn 2
CN thn 3
CN thn 4
CN thn 5
CN thn 6
CN G n
CN lng Mi-thn 2
CN thn 1
CN thn 2
CN thn 3
CN thn 1
CN thn 3, thn 8
CN thn 4
CN thn 5
CN thn 6
CN Lng Tre-thn 4
CN thn 1
CN thn 2
CN thn 3
CN thn 4
CN thn 5
CN thn 6
CN thn 7

Cng
ng/
UBND

Hp
tc
x

Trung tm
nc, BQL
huyn

T
nhn

Doanh
nghip

Rt
bn
vng

Bn
vng

Khng
bn
vng

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

35
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

92

1
1

36
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
2
3
4

Huyn An
Nhn
Th trn Bnh
nh
Th trn p
X Nhn An
X Nhn Tn

X Nhn Thnh

III

Huyn Hoi n
Th trn Tng
Bt H
X n Ho Ty
X n ngha
X n Sn
X n Sn
X n Sn
X n Tng
Ty
X Bok Ti
X Bok Ti
X Bok Ti
X Bok Ti
X Bok Ti
X k Mang
X k Mang

II

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14

CN TT Bnh nh
CN TT p
CN 03 x ng An Nhn
CN x Nhn Tn
CN TT G Gng-Ng
My
14

12

CN TT Tng Bt H
CN thn Tn Xun
CN x n Ngha
CN ng Nh Mi
CN khu gin dn
CN T1, T2

1
1
1
1
1

CN x n Tng Ty
CN G Dng T6
CN T1
CN T2
CN T4
CN T5
CN lng O10
CN lng O6, O11

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1

0
0
1
1

1
1

12

1
1
1
1
1
1

CN Tam Quan Bc

V
1
2
3
4
5

Huyn Ph Ct
X Ct Chnh
X Ct Hanh
X Ct Khnh
X Ct Minh
X Ct Tn

5
CN Ct Chnh
CN Ch Gm
CN Ct Khnh
CN Ct Minh
CN Kiu An

3
1
1

VI

Huyn Ph M
Th trn Bnh
Dng
Th trn Ph M
X M Chnh
X M c

10

1
2
3
4

5
CN TT Bng Sn-Tam
Quan
CN Hoi Hi
CN Ti nh c Hoi Hi
CN Hoi M

1
2
3
4

Huyn Hoi
Nhn
Th trn Bng
Sn
X Hoi Hi
X Hoi Hi
X Hoi M
X Tam Quan
Bc

IV

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1

1
1
1
1
2

1
1

1
1
1

1
1

1
1
1

93

4
1
1

CN TT Bnh Dng
CN TT Ph M
CN M Chnh
CN M c

1
1
1
1

5
6
7
8
9
10

X M Phong
X M Ti
X M Thng
X M Thng
X M Thnh
X M Th

VII

Huyn Ty Sn
Th trn Ph
Phong
X Bnh Tn
X Bnh Tng
X Vnh An

1
2
3
4

VIII
1
2
3
4

IX
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18

X
1
2

Huyn Tuy
Phc
Th trn Tuy
Phc
X Phc
Quang
X Phc Sn
X Phc Thun
Huyn Vn
Canh
Th trn Vn
Canh
Th trn Vn
Canh
X Canh Hip
X Canh Hip
X Canh Ha
X Canh Ha
X Canh Lin
X Canh Lin
X Canh Lin
X Canh Lin
X Canh Lin
X Canh Lin
X Canh Lin
X Canh Lin
X Canh Thun
X Canh Thun
X Canh Thun
X Canh Thun
Huyn Vnh
Thnh
Th trn Vnh
Thnh
X Vnh Hip

CN M Phong
CN M Ti
CN thn 7
CN thn 9
CN M Thnh
CN M Th

1
1
1
1

CN TT Ph Phong
CN Bnh Tn
CN x Bnh Tng
CN lng Giang

1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
2

1
1
1

CN Sui My

CN TT Vnh Thnh
CN lng H Ri

16

0
0
0

18

94

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1

12

3
1
1

1
1

CN ng-Bc Tuy Phc

CN Phc Sn
CN Phc Thun

14

CN TT Tuy Phc

CN Sui Phng
CN lng Canh Giao
CN Sui Khc
CN Sui Dip
CN Sui D
CN K Bng
CN K Bng
CN K Nu
CN lng Canh Tin
CN lng Ct
CN lng Chm
CN sui B La
CN TT x Canh Lin
CN H Giang
CN K Te
CN K Xim
CN Sui La Da

18

14
1
1

3
4
5
6
7

X Vnh Hip
X Vnh Ha
X Vnh Kim
X Vnh Kim
X Vnh Kim

1
1
1
1
1

X Vnh Kim
X Vnh Sn
X Vnh Sn
X Vnh Sn
X Vnh Thnh
X Vnh Thnh
X Vnh Thun

CN Thnh Quang
CN Thc
CN akTra, O3
CN lng K6
CN lng O5
CN T.Tm x Vnh Kim
(c)
CN lng K2
CN lng K3
CN lng K4
CN lng M2
CN lng M3
CN L5, L7

8
9
10
11
12
13
14

XI
1
2
3

Thnh ph Quy
Nhn
X Nhn Chu
X Nhn Hi
X Phc M

3
CN x Nhn Chu
CN x Nhn Hi
CN x Phc M

2
1
1

Tng ton Tnh

118

1
1
1
1
1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1

90

95

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

0
0
0
0

3
1
1
1

14

10

105

Bng 14d: Cc cng trnh cp nc tp trung 6 huyn thuc vng d n

TT
I
1
2
3
4
5
II
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
III
1
2
3
4
5
IV
1
2
3
4
5
V
1
2
3
4
VI
1
2
3
4

n v/huyn
Hoi Nhn
Cp nc x Hoi Hi
Cp nc khu ti nh c x Hoi Hi
Cp nc x Hoi M
Cp nc x Tam Quan Bc
Cp nc Bng Sn-Tam Quan
Ph M
Cp nc TT Bnh Dng
Cp nc TT Ph M
Cp nc M Chnh
Cp nc M c
Cp nc M Phong
Cp nc M Ti
Cp nc thn 7, x M Thng
Cp nc thn 9, x M Thng
Cp nc M Thnh
Cp nc M Th
Ph Ct
Cp nc x Ct Chnh
Cp nc Ch Gm, Ct Hanh
Cp nc x Ct Khnh
Cp nc x Ct Minh
Cp nc Kiu An, x Ct Tn
An Nhn
Cp nc 03 x ng An Nhn
Cp nc x Nhn Tn
Cp nc TT Bnh nh
Cp nc TT p
Cp nc TT G Gng-Ng My
Tuy Phc
Cp nc x Phc Thun
Cp nc x ng-Bc Tuy Phc
Cp nc x Phc Sn
Cp nc TT Tuy Phc
Ty Sn
Cp nc x Bnh Tn
Cp nc TT Ph Phong
Cp nc x Bnh Tng
Cp nc lng Giang, x Vnh An

Loi hnh

Cng sut (m3/ng.)

Thit k
Thc t

M hnh
qun l

Bm dn
T chy
Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn

120
80
360
2,000
3,850

120
80
120
2,000
350

UBND x
UBND x
UBND x
UBND x
Doanh nghip

Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn

500
1,200
900
500
150
300
100
300
900
400

250
1,200
500
500

Doanh nghip
BQL huyn
HTX
HTX
UBND x
UBND x
UBND x
UBND x
HTX
UBND x

Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn

525
1,000
480
1,000
55

226
96
75
180
49

UBND x
UBND x
HTX
HTX
UBND x

Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn

1,330
320
1,550
1,650
1,250

192
65
640
350
470

Doanh nghip
TT Nc
Doanh nghip
Doanh nghip
Doanh nghip

Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn
Bm dn

900
1,500
2,800
1,250

750
700
1,800
420

BQL huyn
BQL huyn
TT Nc
Doanh nghip

T chy
Bm dn
T chy
T chy

60
2,000
1,220
50

60
750
650
50

UBND x
Doanh nghip
TT Nc
UBND x

96

70
50
140

Bng 15: Ngun vn u t v sut vn u t ca cc cng trnh cp nc c kho

st phn theo huyn
Cng
sut
thit
k
3
(m /
ngy)

Sut
u
3
t/ m
nc
sch
(triu
ng)

S h
c
cp
nc
theo
thit
k

Sut
u
t/ h
(triu
ng)

2000

4,8

3167

3,0

24898

3850

7,2

8464

3,3

12460

1200

10,4

2500

5,0

1000

9000

500

20,0

1103

9,1

14244

1424

12820

1250

11,4

3170

4,5

1,H thng cp nc TT
p

7800

780

7020

1650

4,7

3827

2,0

2,Cng trnh cp nc 3
x khu ng An Nhn

7236

4456

1330

5,4

4063

1,8

3,H thng cp nc TT
Bnh nh

8100

810

7290

1550

5,2

3431

2,4

1,H thng cp nc TT
Tuy Phc

7700

770

6930

1250

6,2

2251

3,4

2,Cng trnh cp nc khu

ng Bc Tuy Phc

4612

3525

250

837

1500

3,1

4000

1,2

3,Cng trnh cp nc x
Phc Sn

4210

3202

1008

600

7,0

2400

1,8

4,Cng trnh cp nc x
Phc Thun

3996

2627

1138

900

4,4

3500

1,1

Nh my nc Ty Sn

5000

2500

2500

3000

1,7

1200

4,2

9425

2374

302

1583

6,0

3314

2,8

Tng
gi tr
u t
(triu
ng)

Ngn
sch
nh
nc

Trong
Ti tr Dn
quc
ng
t
gp
v t
u
t

1,Cng trnh cp nc
sinh hot x Tam Quan
Bc

9500

7000

2500

2,H thng cp nc TT
Bng Sn, Tam Quan,
Hoi Tn, Hoi Ho

27664

2766

1,Nh my cp nc sch
TT Ph M

12460

2,H thng cp nc TT
Bnh Dng

10000

H thng cp nc TT G
Gng/ Ng My

Huyn

Hoi
Nhn

Ph M

Ph
Ct

An
Nhn

Tuy
Phc

Ty
Sn

Tn cng trnh

Bnh qun

97

1352

231

6223

526

T
nhn

1428

Bng 16: Thi gian khai thc, cng sut v hiu qu khai thc ca cc cng trnh cp nc
c kho st phn theo huyn

Huyn

Tn cng trnh

Hoi
Nhn

1,Cng trnh cp nc
sinh hot x Tam Quan
Bc
2,H thng cp nc
TT Bng Sn, Tam
Quan, Hoi Tn, Hoi
Ho

Ph M

Ph
Ct

An
Nhn

Cng
sut
thit
k
3
(m /
ngy)

Cng
sut
khai
thc
3
(m /
ngy)

%
cng
sut
thc t
so vi
thit
k

S h
c
cp
nc
theo
thit
k

S h
c
cp
nc
thc
t

% s
h
thc t
so vi
thit
k

T l
tht
thot
nc
(%)

Nc
mt

2000

1000

50,0

3167

2400

75,8

2009

Nc
ngm

3850

445

11,6

8464

4496

53,1

24,7

1,Nh my cp nc
TT Ph M

2009

Nc
ngm

1200

500

41,7

2500

1200

48,0

12,0

2,H thng cp nc
TT Bnh Dng

2009

Nc
ngm

500

95

19,0

1103

1119

101,5

20,7

H thng cp nc TT
G Gng/ Ng My

2009

Nc
ngm

1250

371

29,7

3170

2609

82,3

29,0

1,H thng cp nc
TT p
2,Cng trnh cp nc 3
x khu ng An Nhn

2008

1650

288

17,5

3827

1970

51,5

34,0

1330

350

26,3

4063

1357

33,4

17,0

1550

410

26,5

3431

2496

72,7

39,0

1,H thng cp nc
TT Tuy Phc
2,Cng trnh cp nc
khu ng Bc Tuy
Phc
3,Cng trnh cp nc
x Phc Sn
4,Cng trnh cp nc
x Phc Thun

Ty
Sn

Ngun
nc
cp

2005

3,H thng cp nc
TT Bnh nh

Tuy
Phc

Nm
a
vo
s
dng

Nh my nc Ty Sn

Bnh qun cho 1 cng trnh

2005
2009

Nc
ngm
Nc
ngm
Nc
ngm

2009

Nc
ngm

1250

415

33,2

2251

1605

71,3

35,0

2002

Nc
ngm

1500

700

46,7

4000

2233

55,8

30,0

1996

Nc
ngm

600

600

100,0

2400

2186

91,1

2005

Nc
ngm

900

880

97,8

3500

2501

71,5

30,0

2001

Nc
mt

3000

2800

93,3

1200

1550

129,2

20,0

1583

681

43,0

3314

2132

64,4

24,2

98

Bng 17: Qui m, trnh v tp hun ngun nhn lc ca cc cng trnh cp nc phn
theo huyn
Tng
s lao
ng
Huyn

Hoi
Nhn

Ph M
Ph Ct

An
Nhn

Tuy
Phc

Ty Sn

Tn cng trnh

1,Cng trnh cp nc sinh hot x Tam

Quan Bc

11

2,H thng cp nc TT Bng Sn, Tam

Quan, Hoi Tn, Hoi Ho

16

1,Nh my cp nc sch TT Ph M

Trong
S ngi
c trnh
trung
cp

S
ngi
c
trnh
k
s

C xy
dng
qui ch
qun l

S lao
ng k
thut c
o to

C
ngi
tham d
tp
hun
hng
nm

S
ngi
tham d
tp hun
hng
nm

10

2,H thng cp nc TT Bnh Dng

H thng cp nc TT G Gng/ Ng My

1,H thng cp nc TT p

2,Cng trnh cp nc 3 x khu ng An

Nhn

Khng

3,H thng cp nc TT Bnh nh

1,H thng cp nc TT Tuy Phc

2,Cng trnh cp nc khu ng Bc Tuy

Phc

3,Cng trnh cp nc x Phc Sn

4,Cng trnh cp nc x Phc Thun

Nh my nc Ty Sn

Khng

7,2

1,5

3,7

2,0

Bnh qun cho 1 cng trnh

Bng 18: Gi nc dnh cho cc nhm khc nhau ca cc cng trnh cp nc

3

Huyn

Gi 1m u
ca nc
sinh hot h
1790

Gi 1m u
ca nc sinh
hot c quan
1790

Gi 1m u
ca nc
kinh doanh
3260

2,H thng cp nc TT Bng Sn, Tam Quan, Hoi

Tn, Hoi Ho

3800

5200

7200

1,Nh my cp nc sch TT Ph M
2,H thng cp nc TT Bnh Dng

2400

2800

8400

3800

5800

7200

H thng cp nc TT G Gng/ Ng My

3800

5800

7200

1,H thng cp nc TT p
2,Cng trnh cp nc 3 x khu ng An Nhn
3,H thng cp nc TT Bnh nh

3800

5800

7200

1,H thng cp nc TT Tuy Phc

2000
3800
3800

2000
5800
5800

2400
7200
7200

2,Cng trnh cp nc khu ng Bc Tuy Phc

2737

2737

3,Cng trnh cp nc x Phc Sn

4,Cng trnh cp nc x Phc Thun
Nh my nc Ty Sn

2737
2737
2400
3046

2737
2737
3600
4046

Tn cng trnh
1,Cng trnh cp nc sinh hot x Tam Quan Bc

Hoi Nhn

Ph M
Ph Ct
An Nhn

Tuy Phc

Ty Sn

Bnh qun cho 1 cng trnh

99

5100
6236

Bng 19: Cc n v thu gom rc, phm vi hot ng v bi rc phn theo huyn
Huyn n v thc
Phm vi hot ng
hin
Hoi
Cng ty TNHH Cc x dc cc trc ng chnh nh:
Nhn
Nguyn Tn
Hoi c, Hoi Thanh, Hoi Thanh
Ty, Hoi Ho, th trn Tam Quan, x
Tam Quan Bc, Hoi Hng, Hoi
Chu Bc v mt phn ca th trn
Bng Sn (ch yu l cc c quan t
chc),
Hp tc x Nng Th trn Bng Sn (ch yu l rc thi
nghip
Bng t cc h dn),
Sn ty
Ph
Ht Giao thng Cc x, th trn dc cc trc ng
M
Cng
chnh chnh: M Hip, th trn Ph M, th trn
huyn
Bnh Dng, M Lc, M Phong,

Bi rc
- Bi rc ti x Tam
Quan Bc; din tch
2,000m2,
- Bi rc ti th trn
Bng Sn; din tch
1,000m2

- Bi rc ti x M
Trinh; din tch
5000m2
- Bi rc ti x M
Phong; din tch
5,000m2
Bi rc ti th trn
Ng My; din tch
10,000m2
Bi rc ti x Nhn
Ha;
din
tch
12,000m2

Ht Giao thng Thu gom trn dc tuyn ng chnh

Cng
chnh ca cc x, th trn: Ng My, Ct Tn,
huyn
Ct Tng, Ct Trinh, Ct Hanh,
An
Cng ty Mi Th trn p , th trn Bnh nh, x
Nhn
trng th An Nhn Thnh;
Nhn
Cc x Phc Hng, Phc Quang
(huyn Tuy Phc),
Cng ty TNHH Cc x Nhn Th, Nhn Tn, Nhn
Nhn Th
Ho, Nhn Lc, Nhn Phc,
Tuy
Cng ty TNHH 11 x v 2 th trn trn a bn huyn,
S dng bi rc
Phc Mi trng cy
Long M, TP, Qui
xanh H Thanh
Nhn;
din
tch
30,000m2
Ty
Hp tc x nng Th trn Ph Phong v cc x dc cc Bi rc ti x Ty
Sn
nghip dch v trc ng chnh gm: Bnh Tng, Xun; din tch
Ph Phong II
Ty Ph, Ty Xun,
10,000m2
Ph
Ct

100

Bng 20: Cc c im gii tnh, tui v hc vn ca ngi tr li phn theo x v huyn

Gii tnh
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Nam
65
53,7
37
61,7
28
45,9
67
55,4
32
52,5
35
58,3
72
61,5
38
66,7
34
56,7
67
54,9
40
64,5
27
45,0
58
48,7
26
44,1
32
53,3
48
40,0
25
43,9
23
36,5
377
52,4

N
56
46,3
23
38,3
33
54,1
54
44,6
29
47,5
25
41,7
45
38,5
19
33,3
26
43,3
55
45,1
22
35,5
33
55,0
61
51,3
33
55,9
28
46,7
72
60,0
32
56,1
40
63,5
343
47,6

Hc vn

Tui

30<
5
4,1
2
3,3
3
4,9
15
12,4
9
14,8
6
10,0
9
7,7
3
5,3
6
10,0
10
8,2
4
6,5
6
10,0
6
5,0
3
5,1
3
5,0
29
24,2
21
36,8
8
12,7
74
10,3

101

3050
73
60,3
40
66,7
33
54,1
66
54,5
38
62,3
28
46,7
66
56,4
37
64,9
29
48,3
64
52,5
35
56,5
29
48,3
57
47,9
23
39,0
34
56,7
48
40,0
25
43,9
23
36,5
374
51,9

>50
43
35,5
18
30,0
25
41,0
40
33,1
14
23,0
26
43,3
42
35,9
17
29,8
25
41,7
48
39,3
23
37,1
25
41,7
56
47,1
33
55,9
23
38,3
43
35,8
11
19,3
32
50,8
272
37,8

Cp 1
tr
xung
37
30,6
17
28,3
20
32,8
30
24,8
10
16,4
20
33,3
38
32,5
13
22,8
25
41,7
24
19,7
12
19,4
12
20,0
21
17,6
7
11,9
14
23,3
57
47,5
45
78,9
12
19,0
207
28,8

Cp 2
63
52,1
32
53,3
31
50,8
67
55,4
33
54,1
34
56,7
57
48,7
34
59,6
23
38,3
65
53,3
29
46,8
36
60,0
52
43,7
17
28,8
35
58,3
32
26,7
8
14,0
24
38,1
336
46,7

Cp 3
tr
ln
21
17,4
11
18,3
10
16,4
24
19,8
18
29,5
6
10,0
22
18,8
10
17,5
12
20,0
33
27,0
21
33,9
12
20,0
46
38,7
35
59,3
11
18,3
31
25,8
4
7,0
27
42,9
177
24,6

Tng
121
100,0
60
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
122
100,0
62
100,0
60
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
120
100,0
57
100,0
63
100,0
720
100,0

Bng 21: C cu ngh nghip ca ngi tr li phn theo x v huyn

Ngh nghip
Tng
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Nng nghip
62
51,7
29
49,2
33
54,1
88
73,3
39
63,9
49
83,1
89
76,1
47
82,5
42
70,0
69
57,0
36
58,1
33
55,9
47
39,8
6
10,2
41
69,5
71
60,7
53
93,0
18
30,0
426
59,7

Phi nng
36
30,0
23
39,0
13,0
21,3
20
16,7
16
26,2
4
6,8
13
11,1
3
5,3
10
16,7
39
32,2
21
33,9
18
30,5
44
37,3
30
50,8
14
23,7
19
16,2
0
0,0
19
31,7
171
24,0

102

Cn b vin chc
8
6,7
3
5,1
5,0
8,2
6
5,0
3
4,9
3
5,1
8
6,8
1
1,8
7
11,7
8
6,6
5
8,1
3
5,1
7
5,9
6
10,2
1
1,7
11
9,4
4
7,0
7
11,7
48
6,7

Khng lm vic
14
11,7
4
6,8
10,0
16,4
6
5,0
3
4,9
3
5,1
7
6,0
6
10,5
1
1,7
5
4,1
0
0,0
5
8,5
20
16,9
17
28,8
3
5,1
16
13,7
0
0,0
16
26,7
68
9,5

121
100,0
60
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
122
100,0
62
100,0
60
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
120
100,0
57
100,0
63
100,0
720
100,0

Bng 22: Mt s c im c bn ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng

Hoi Nhn

Qui
m
h
4,4

Tam Quan Nam

4,3

Hoi Hng

4,5

Ph M

4,1

M Hip

3,9

M Chu

4,2

Ph Ct

4,5

Ct Lm

4,6

Ct Tin

4,5

Tuy Phc

4,4

Phc Thng

4,0

Phc Lc

4,7

An Nhn

4,2

TT Bnh nh

4,2

Nhn An

4,2

Ty Sn

4,0

Vnh An

4,1

TT Ph Phong

4,0

Tng

4,3

H
ngho
11
9,1
5
8,3
6
9,8
13
10,7
7
11,5
6
10,0
12
10,3
6
10,5
6
10,0
5
4,1
2
3,2
3,0
5,0
7
5,9
1,0
1,7
6,0
10,0
42
35,0
37
64,9
5
7,9
90
12,5

H
chnh
sch
27
22,3
17
28,3
10
16,4
22
18,2
12
19,7
10
16,7
15
12,8
7
12,3
8
13,3
11
9,0
9
14,5
2
3,3
10
8,4
5
8,5
5
8,3
13
10,8
10
17,5
3
4,8
98
13,6

103

Nh
bn
kin c
61
50,4
32
53,3
29
47,5
77
63,6
37
60,7
40
66,7
65
55,6
28
49,1
37
61,7
68
55,7
34
54,8
34
56,7
52
43,7
17
28,8
35
58,3
75
62,5
51
89,5
24
38,1
398
55,3

Nh cch
ng
chnh
>100m
15
12,4
9
15,0
6
9,8
53
43,8
9
14,8
44
73,3
33
28,2
12
21,1
21
35,0
34
27,9
18
29,0
16
26,7
9
7,6
0
0,0
9
15,0
17
14,2
10
17,5
7
11,1
161
22,4

H khng c
in
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
1
0,8
0
0,0
1
1,7
3
2,6
3
5,3
0
0,0
1
0,8
0
0,0
1
1,7
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
7
5,8
7
12,3
0
0,0
12
1,7

H c chn
nui gia sc
58
47,9
30
50,0
28
45,9
100
82,6
45
73,8
55
91,7
71
60,7
47
82,5
24
40,0
56
45,9
27
43,5
29
48,3
33
27,7
5
8,5
28
46,7
64
53,3
46
80,7
18
28,6
382
53,1

Bng 23: Mc thu nhp v c cu ngun thu nhp ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng

Hoi Nhn
Tam Q, Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Tng thu
nhp
bqnk
thng
777
100,0
736
100,0
817
100,0
677
100,0
776
100,0
576
100,0
724
100,0
699
100,0
748
100,0
1046
100,0
1082
100,0
1009
100,0
1203
100,0
1498
100,0
913
100,0
831
100,0
314
100,0
1298
100,0
877
100,0

Thu t
trng
trt
192
24,8
136
18,5
248
30,3
158
23,4
115
14,8
202
35,0
248
34,2
276
39,5
221
29,6
147
14,1
178
16,4
115
11,4
157
13,1
20
1,3
293
32,0
90
10,8
123
39,0
60
4,6
165
18,8

Thu t
chn
nui
142
18,3
138
18,8
145
17,8
111
16,4
95
12,3
127
22,0
100
13,8
129
18,5
73
9,7
92
8,8
130
12,0
52
5,2
51
4,2
11
0,7
90
9,9
62
7,5
74
23,4
52
4,0
93
10,6

104

Thu t
ngh
ph
gia
nh
22
2,9
22
3,0
22
2,7
18
2,7
29
3,7
8
1,3
43
6,0
9
1,2
76
10,2
12
1,1
16
1,5
8
0,7
10
0,8
2
0,1
18
2,0
6
0,7
0
0,0
10
0,8
18
2,1

Trong
Thu
Thu
t
t
tin bun
cng
bn
lm
dch
thu
v
102
132
13,2
17,1
79
164
10,7
22,3
125
101
15,4
12,4
113
92
16,7
13,6
116
176
14,9
22,6
111
8
19,3
1,3
136
62
18,7
8,6
129
39
18,5
5,6
141
83
18,9
11,1
271
250
25,9
23,9
205
306
19,0
28,3
339
191
33,6
18,9
298
343
24,8
28,5
298
612
19,9
40,9
298
78
32,7
8,6
151
232
18,1
27,9
36
0
11,3
0,0
255
441
19,6
34,0
179
185
20,4
21,2

Thu t
tin
lng
thng
xuyn
90
11,7
107
14,5
75
9,1
111
16,4
159
20,5
61
10,6
99
13,7
63
9,1
134
17,9
205
19,6
147
13,6
265
26,2
195
16,2
315
21,0
76
8,3
186
22,4
36
11,4
322
24,8
148
16,9

Thu
t
tin
hu,
tr
cp
77
9,9
60
8,2
94
11,5
71
10,5
85
10,9
57
9,9
32
4,5
51
7,3
15
2,0
59
5,6
94
8,7
23
2,2
125
10,4
207
13,8
44
4,8
102
12,2
46
14,6
152
11,7
78
8,9

Thu
khc
18
2,3
30
4,1
6
0,7
2
0,3
2
0,2
3
0,5
3
0,4
2
0,3
4
0,5
11
1,1
6
0,6
17
1,6
24
2,0
32
2,2
15
1,7
3
0,4
1
0,3
5
0,4
10
1,2

Bng 24: 5 nhm thu nhp bnh qun nhn khu/thng ca h gia nh phn theo x v
huyn

a phng

20% thp
20% di 20% trung
nht
trung bnh
bnh
Hoi Nhn*
260
472
721
**
1,0
1,8
2,8
Tam Quan Nam
264
470
699
1,0
1,8
2,7
Hoi Hng
255
473
754
1,0
1,9
3,0
Ph M
281
495
687
1,0
1,8
2,4
M Hip
292
472
677
1,0
1,6
2,3
M Chu
271
509
700
1,0
1,9
2,6
Ph Ct
305
478
677
1,0
1,6
2,2
Ct Lm
279
491
669
1,0
1,8
2,4
Ct Tin
323
465
690
1,0
1,4
2,1
Tuy Phc
304
493
698
1,0
1,6
2,3
Phc Thng
282
477
714
1,0
1,7
2,5
Phc Lc
348
514
679
1,0
1,5
2,0
An Nhn
285
508
731
1,0
1,8
2,6
TT Bnh nh
358
498
738
1,0
1,4
2,1
Nhn An
270
515
728
1,0
1,9
2,7
Ty Sn
194
478
698
1,0
2,5
3,6
Vnh An
185
481
742
1,0
2,6
4,0
TT Ph Phong
362
472
688
1,0
1,3
1,9
Tng
257
487
702
1,0
1,9
2,7
Ghi ch: 5 nhm thu nhp c tnh cho ton mu
* n v tnh l ngn ng
** s ln chnh lch ca cc nhm so vi nhm 20% thp nht

105

20% trn
trung bnh
981
3,8
1001
3,8
957
3,7
999
3,6
1020
3,5
976
3,6
1007
3,3
996
3,6
1016
3,1
1023
3,4
1048
3,7
1002
2,9
989
3,5
1027
2,9
969
3,6
1037
5,4
958
5,2
1046
2,9
1006
3,9

20% cao
nht
2266
8,7
2711
10,3
2064
8,1
1790
6,4
1904
6,5
1278
4,7
1873
6,1
1759
6,3
1949
6,0
1861
6,1
2141
7,6
1612
4,6
1947
6,8
2026
5,7
1705
6,3
1921
9,9
1921
5,3
1940
7,5

Bng 25: Mc chi tiu v c cu chi tiu ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn
Trong
a phng

Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Tng chi
bqnk
thng
555
100,0
628
100,0
483
100,0
422
100,0
477
100,0
366
100,0
418
100,0
391
100,0
444
100,0
599
100,0
626
100,0
571
100,0
614
100,0
729
100,0
501
100,0
440
100,0
201
100,0
657
100,0
508
100,0

Chi
cho
n ung
257
46,3
289
46,0
225
46,7
194
45,9
218
45,7
169
46,2
198
47,4
179
45,8
217
48,8
261
43,5
255
40,7
267
46,8
281
45,7
335
45,9
227
45,4
219
49,7
141
70,1
289
44,0
235
46,2

Chi
cho
hc
hnh
109
19,6
126
20,1
92
19,0
74
17,4
80
16,8
67
18,3
83
19,8
78
19,9
88
19,8
150
25,1
175
28,0
124
21,8
120
19,5
120
16,5
120
23,9
70
15,9
8
4,2
126
19,2
101
19,9

106

Chi
chm
sc sc
khe
27
4,9
23
3,7
31
6,4
23
5,5
28
5,8
18
5,0
21
5,1
29
7,5
14
3,1
24
3,9
17
2,7
30
5,3
32
5,3
40
5,4
25
5,0
17
3,9
7
3,5
27
4,1
24
4,8

Chi
Chi
tin
tin
in nc
20
3
3,5
0,5
19
4
3,0
0,6
20
2
4,1
0,4
19
1
4,4
0,1
22
1
4,6
0,2
15
0
4,1
0,0
16
1
3,8
0,1
13
0
3,3
0,0
19
1
4,3
0,2
23
5
3,8
0,8
25
9
4,0
1,4
21
1
3,7
0,2
29
4
4,8
0,6
35
6
4,8
0,8
24
2
4,8
0,4
19
3
4,2
0,6
6
1
3,0
0,4
30
4
4,6
0,6
21
2
4,1
0,5

Chi
tin
rc
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,1
0
0,0
1
0,2
2
0,3
4
0,5
0
0,0
1
0,2
0
0,0
2
0,3
1
0,2

Chi
khc
139
25,1
166
26,5
113
23,4
112
26,6
128
26,8
96
26,4
99
23,6
91
23,4
106
23,8
136
22,7
145
23,1
126
22,1
146
23,7
189
26,0
103
20,5
112
25,5
38
18,9
179
27,3
124
24,3

Bng 26: T l cc h ni khng c nc my v ni c nc my (bao gm cc h s

dng v khng s dng nc my) trong mu kho st phn theo x v huyn
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

C s dng
nc my
17
14,0
17
28,3
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
61
50,0
61
98,4
0
0,0
79
66,4
54
91,5
25
41,7
86
71,7
57
100,0
29
46,0
243
33,8

Khng c
nc my
90
74,4
29
48,3
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
60
49,2
0
0,0
60
100,0
28
23,5
0
0,0
28
46,7
33
27,5
0
0,0
33
52,4
449
62,4

107

C ng ng
nc nhng
khng s dng
14
11,6
14
23,3
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
1
0,8
1
1,6
0
0,0
12
10,1
5
8,5
7
11,7
1
0,8
0
0,0
1
1,6
28
3,9

Tng

121
100,0
60
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
122
100,0
62
100,0
60
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
120
100,0
57
100,0
63
100,0
720
100,0

Bng 27: Thc trng ngun nc ung ca h khng c nc my phn theo x v huyn
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Nc
ging
khoan
32
30,5
19
43,2
13
21,3
3
2,5
3
4,9
0
0,0
39
33,3
15
26,3
24
40,0
28
44,4
0
0,0
28
46,7
24
57,1
4
57,1
20
57,1
11
29,7
0
0,0
11
29,7
137
28,2

Nc
ging o
29
27,6
11
25,0
18
29,5
111
91,7
52
85,2
59
98,3
70
59,8
39
68,4
31
51,7
29
46,0
0
0,0
29
48,3
11
26,2
0
0,0
11
31,4
19
51,4
0
0,0
19
51,4
269
55,5

108

Nc bn
21
20,0
9
20,5
12
19,7
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
1
0,9
0
0,0
1
1,7
1
1,6
1
33,3
0
0,0
1
2,4
0
0,0
1
2,9
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
24
4,9

Nc
ng
bnh
11
10,5
2
4,5
9
14,8
6
5,0
5
8,2
1
1,7
4
3,4
0
0,0
4
6,7
5
7,9
2
66,7
3
5,0
6
14,3
3
42,9
3
8,6
7
18,9
0
0,0
7
18,9
39
8,0

Nc
khc
12
11,4
3
6,8
9
14,8
1
0,8
1
1,6
0
0,0
3
2,6
3
5,3
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
16
3,3

Tng
105
100,0
44
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
63
100,0
3
100,0
60
100,0
42
100,0
7
100,0
35
100,0
37
100,0
0
0,0
37
100,0
485
100,0

Bng 28: Thc trng ngun nc nu n ca h khng c nc my phn theo x v

huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Nc
Nc
ging
khoan ging o
40
33
38,1
31,4
19
12
43,2
27,3
21
21
34,4
34,4
2
118
1,7
97,5
2
58
3,3
95,1
0
60
0,0
100,0
42
71
35,9
60,7
15
39
26,3
68,4
27
32
45,0
53,3
31
29
50,8
47,5
0
0
0,0
0,0
31
29
51,7
48,3
26
13
65,0
32,5
5
0
100,0
0,0
21
13
60,0
37,1
11
23
32,4
67,6
0
0
0,0
0,0
11
23
32,4
67,6
152
287
31,8
60,0

109

Nc
bn
19
18,1
9
20,5
10
16,4
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
1
0,9
0
0,0
1
1,7
1
1,6
1
100,0
0
0,0
1
2,5
0
0,0
1
2,9
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
22
4,6

Nc ng
bnh
4
3,8
2
4,5
2
3,3
1
0,8
1
1,6
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
5
1,0

Nc
khc
9
8,6
2
4,5
7
11,5
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
3
2,6
3
5,3
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
12
2,5

Tng
105
100,0
44
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
61
100,0
1
100,0
60
100,0
40
100,0
5
100,0
35
100,0
34
100,0
0
0,0
34
100,0
478
100,0

Bng 29: Thc trng ngun nc tm ra ca h c dng nc my phn theo x v

huyn
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Nc ging khoan
56
51,4
26
54,2
30
49,2
2
1,7
2
3,3
0
0,0
43
36,8
15
26,3
28
46,7
53
65,4
19
90,5
34
56,7
61
62,9
39
92,9
22
40,0
11
16,7
0
0,0
11
26,2
226
38,2

Nc ging o
51
46,8
21
43,8
30
49,2
119
98,3
59
96,7
60
100,0
71
60,7
39
68,4
32
53,3
28
34,6
2
9,5
26
43,3
36
37,1
3
7,1
33
60,0
34
51,5
3
12,5
31
73,8
339
57,4

110

Nc khc
2
1,8
1
2,1
1
1,6
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
3
2,6
3
5,3
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
21
31,8
21
87,5
0
0,0
26
4,4

Tng
109
100,0
48
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
81
100,0
21
100,0
60
100,0
97
100,0
42
100,0
55
100,0
66
100,0
24
100,0
42
100,0
591
100,0

Bng 30: Thc trng ngun nc ti cy ca h khng c nc my phn theo x v

huyn
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Nc ging
khoan
49
43,8
21
41,2
28
45,9
1
0,8
1
1,6
0
0,0
49
41,9
20
35,1
29
48,3
58
59,8
24
64,9
34
56,7
57
55,3
35
72,9
22
40,0
10
11,1
0
0,0
10
22,2
224
35,0

Nc ging o
43
38,4
19
37,3
24
39,3
100
82,6
44
72,1
56
93,3
57
48,7
34
59,6
23
38,3
24
24,7
2
5,4
22
36,7
35
34,0
3
6,3
32
58,2
32
35,6
3
6,7
29
64,4
291
45,5

111

Nc khc
20
17,9
11
21,6
9
14,8
20
16,5
16
26,2
4
6,7
11
9,4
3
5,3
8
13,3
15
15,5
11
29,7
4
6,7
11
10,7
10
20,8
1
1,8
48
53,3
42
93,3
6
13,3
125
19,5

Tng
112
100,0
51
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
97
100,0
37
100,0
60
100,0
103
100,0
48
100,0
55
100,0
90
100,0
45
100,0
45
100,0
640
100,0

Bng 31: Thc trng ngun nc ung v nu n ca h c nc my

Nc ung
a phng
Nc my
Hoi Nhn

Tam Quan Nam

Tuy Phc

Phc Thng

An Nhn

TT Bnh nh

Nhn An

Ty Sn

Vnh An

TT Ph Phong

Tng

Nc nu n

Nc ging
khoan Nc khc

Nc
my

Nc ging
o
1

16

16

94,1

5,9

94,1

16

16

94,1

5,9

94,1

59

61

96,7

3,3

100,0

59

61

96,7

3,3

100,0

77

79

97,5

2,5

100,0

52

54

96,3

3,7

100,0

25

25

100,0

100,0

83

86

96,5

3,5

100,0

57

57

100,0

100,0

26

29

89,7

10,3

100,0

235

242

96,7

2,9

0,4

99,6

112

Tng

17

5,9 100,0
1

17

5,9 100,0
-

61

- 100,0
-

61

- 100,0
-

79

- 100,0
-

54

- 100,0
-

25

- 100,0
-

86

- 100,0
-

57

- 100,0
-

29

- 100,0
1

243

0,4 100,0

Bng 32: Thc trng ngun nc tm ra v ti cy ca h c nc my

Nc tm ra
a phng

Hoi Nhn

Tam Quan Nam

Tuy Phc

Phc Thng

An Nhn

TT Bnh nh

Nhn An

Ty Sn

Vnh An

TT Ph Phong

Tng

Nc ti cy

Tng

Nc
my

Nc
ging
khoan

Nc
ging
o

Nc
khc

Nc
my

Nc
ging
khoan

Nc
ging
o

Nc
khc

12

17

70,6

5,9

23,5

0,0

52,9

11,8

17,6

17,6

100,0

12

17

70,6

5,9

23,5

0,0

52,9

11,8

17,6

17,6

100,0

41

18

25

24

10

61

67,2

29,5

3,3

0,0

41,0

39,3

3,3

16,4

100,0

41

18

25

24

10

61

67,2

29,5

3,3

0,0

41,0

39,3

3,3

16,4

100,0

22

36

21

16

32

21

10

79

27,8

45,6

26,6

0,0

20,3

40,5

26,6

12,7

100,0

17

34

11

30

10

54

31,5

63,0

5,6

0,0

20,4

55,6

5,6

18,5

100,0

18

18

25

20,0

8,0

72,0

0,0

20,0

8,0

72,0

0,0

100,0

54

10

21

30

46

86

62,8

1,2

11,6

24,4

34,9

2,3

9,3

53,5

100,0

33

21

12

42

57

57,9

0,0

5,3

36,8

21,1

0,0

5,3

73,7

100,0

21

18

29

72,4

3,4

24,1

0,0

62,1

6,9

17,2

13,8

100,0

129

56

37

21

80

60

34

69

243

53,1

23,0

15,2

8,6

32,9

24,7

14,0

28,4

100,0

113

Bng 33: Cc nhn xt cm quan v nc ung ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Khng
mu
93
76,9
50
83,3
43
70,5
96
79,3
42
68,9
54
90,0
80
68,4
53
93,0
27
45,0
104
85,2
56
90,3
48
80,0
109
91,6
57
96,6
52
86,7
111
92,5
50
87,7
61
96,8
593
82,4

C
mu
28
23,1
10
16,7
18
29,5
25
20,7
19
31,1
6
10,0
37
31,6
4
7,0
33
55,0
18
14,8
6
9,7
12
20,0
10
8,4
2
3,4
8
13,3
9
7,5
7
12,3
2
3,2
127
17,6

Khng
mi
100
82,6
53
88,3
47
77,0
103
85,1
50
82,0
53
88,3
82
70,1
53
93,0
29
48,3
83
68,0
36
58,1
47
78,3
99
83,2
45
76,3
54
90,0
112
93,3
56
98,2
56
88,9
579
80,4

114

C mi
21
17,4
7
11,7
14
23,0
18
14,9
11
18,0
7
11,7
35
29,9
4
7,0
31
51,7
39
32,0
26
41,9
13
21,7
20
16,8
14
23,7
6
10,0
8
6,7
1
1,8
7
11,1
141
19,6

Khng
v
111
91,7
57
95,0
54
88,5
114
94,2
56
91,8
58
96,7
111
94,9
55
96,5
56
93,3
116
95,1
60
96,8
56
93,3
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
119
99,2
57
100,0
62
98,4
690
95,8

C
v
10
8,3
3
5,0
7
11,5
7
5,8
5
8,2
2
3,3
6
5,1
2
3,5
4
6,7
6
4,9
2
3,2
4
6,7
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
1
0,8
0
0,0
1
1,6
30
4,2

Khng
c
103
85,1
54
90,0
49
80,3
93
76,9
45
73,8
48
80,0
90
76,9
49
86,0
41
68,3
106
86,9
53
85,5
53
88,3
103
86,6
53
89,8
50
83,3
97
80,8
41
71,9
56
88,9
592
82,2

c
18
14,9
6
10,0
12
19,7
28
23,1
16
26,2
12
20,0
27
23,1
8
14,0
19
31,7
16
13,1
9
14,5
7
11,7
16
13,4
6
10,2
10
16,7
23
19,2
16
28,1
7
11,1
128
17,8

Tng
121
100,0
60
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
122
100,0
62
100,0
60
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
120
100,0
57
100,0
63
100,0
720
100,0

Bng 34: nh gi v cht lng nc ung ca h gia nh phn theo x v

huyn
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Tt
58
47,9
29
48,3
29
47,5
62
51,2
27
44,3
35
58,3
63
53,8
46
80,7
17
28,3
75
61,5
41
66,1
34
56,7
87
73,1
43
72,9
44
73,3
102
85,0
50
87,7
52
82,5
447
62,1

Kh
33
27,3
20
33,3
13
21,3
27
22,3
13
21,3
14
23,3
27
23,1
4
7,0
23
38,3
23
18,9
13
21,0
10
16,7
21
17,6
11
18,6
10
16,7
12
10,0
4
7,0
8
12,7
143
19,9

115

Trung bnh
26
21,5
10
16,7
16
26,2
27
22,3
19
31,1
8
13,3
22
18,8
6
10,5
16
26,7
21
17,2
8
12,9
13
21,7
10
8,4
4
6,8
6
10,0
6
5,0
3
5,3
3
4,8
112
15,6

Di trung bnh
4
3,3
1
1,7
3
4,9
5
4,1
2
3,3
3
5,0
5
4,3
1
1,8
4
6,7
3
2,5
0
0,0
3
5,0
1
0,8
1
1,7
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
18
2,5

Tng
121
100,0
60
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
122
100,0
62
100,0
60
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
120
100,0
57
100,0
63
100,0
720
100,0

Bng 35: Cc nhn xt cm quan v nc nu n ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Khng
mu
85
70,2
49
81,7
36
59,0
95
78,5
42
68,9
53
88,3
79
67,5
53
93,0
26
43,3
103
84,4
55
88,7
48
80,0
108
90,8
57
96,6
51
85,0
111
92,5
50
87,7
61
96,8
581
80,7

C
mu
36
29,8
11
18,3
25
41,0
26
21,5
19
31,1
7
11,7
38
32,5
4
7,0
34
56,7
19
15,6
7
11,3
12
20,0
11
9,2
2
3,4
9
15,0
9
7,5
7
12,3
2
3,2
139
19,3

Khng
mi
90
74,4
51
85,0
39
63,9
102
84,3
49
80,3
53
88,3
79
67,5
53
93,0
26
43,3
81
66,4
34
54,8
47
78,3
96
80,7
44
74,6
52
86,7
112
93,3
56
98,2
56
88,9
560
77,8

116

C
mi
31
25,6
9
15,0
22
36,1
19
15,7
12
19,7
7
11,7
38
32,5
4
7,0
34
56,7
41
33,6
28
45,2
13
21,7
23
19,3
15
25,4
8
13,3
8
6,7
1
1,8
7
11,1
160
22,2

Khng
v
106
87,6
56
93,3
50
82,0
114
94,2
56
91,8
58
96,7
110
94,0
55
96,5
55
91,7
116
95,1
60
96,8
56
93,3
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
119
99,2
57
100,0
62
98,4
684
95,0

C
v
15
12,4
4
6,7
11
18,0
7
5,8
5
8,2
2
3,3
7
6,0
2
3,5
5
8,3
6
4,9
2
3,2
4
6,7
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
1
0,8
0
0,0
1
1,6
36
5,0

Khng
c
102
84,3
55
91,7
47
77,0
92
76,0
45
73,8
47
78,3
87
74,4
49
86,0
38
63,3
105
86,1
52
83,9
53
88,3
103
86,6
53
89,8
50
83,3
97
80,8
41
71,9
56
88,9
586
81,4

c
19
15,7
5
8,3
14
23,0
29
24,0
16
26,2
13
21,7
30
25,6
8
14,0
22
36,7
17
13,9
10
16,1
7
11,7
16
13,4
6
10,2
10
16,7
23
19,2
16
28,1
7
11,1
134
18,6

Tng
121
100,0
60
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
122
100,0
62
100,0
60
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
120
100,0
57
100,0
63
100,0
720
100,0

Bng 36: nh gi v cht lng nc nu n ca h gia nh phn theo x v

huyn
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Tt
50
41,3
29
48,3
21
34,4
59
48,8
25
41,0
34
56,7
59
50,4
46
80,7
13
21,7
73
59,8
39
62,9
34
56,7
84
70,6
41
69,5
43
71,7
102
85,0
50
87,7
52
82,5
427
59,3

Kh
33
27,3
20
33,3
13
21,3
29
24,0
15
24,6
14
23,3
29
24,8
4
7,0
25
41,7
23
18,9
14
22,6
9
15,0
25
21,0
14
23,7
11
18,3
12
10,0
4
7,0
8
12,7
151
21,0

117

Trung bnh
33
27,3
10
16,7
23
37,7
28
23,1
19
31,1
9
15,0
23
19,7
6
10,5
17
28,3
23
18,9
9
14,5
14
23,3
10
8,4
4
6,8
6
10,0
6
5,0
3
5,3
3
4,8
123
17,1

Di
trung bnh
5
4,1
1
1,7
4
6,6
5
4,1
2
3,3
3
5,0
6
5,1
1
1,8
5
8,3
3
2,5
0
0,0
3
5,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
19
2,6

Tng
121
100,0
60
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
122
100,0
62
100,0
60
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
120
100,0
57
100,0
63
100,0
720
100,0

Bng 37: Cc nhn xt cm quan v nc tm ra ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan
Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Khng mu
54
44,6
38
63,3
16
26,2
95
78,5
42
68,9
53
88,3
77
65,8
53
93,0
24
40,0
88
72,1
42
67,7
46
76,7
97
81,5
43
72,9
54
90,0
108
90,0
49
86,0
59
93,7
519
72,1

C Khng
mu
mi
67
69
55,4
57,0

C Khng
mi
v
52
91
43,0
75,2

C Khng
v
c
30
74
24,8
61,2

c
47
38,8

Tng
121
100,0

22
36,7
45
73,8
26
21,5
19
31,1
7
11,7
40
34,2
4
7,0
36
60,0
34
27,9
20
32,3
14
23,3
22
18,5
16
27,1
6
10,0
12
10,0
8
14,0
4
6,3
201
27,9

16
26,7
36
59,0
19
15,7
12
19,7
7
11,7
40
34,2
4
7,0
36
60,0
51
41,8
35
56,5
16
26,7
22
18,5
17
28,8
5
8,3
12
10,0
3
5,3
9
14,3
196
27,2

10
16,7
20
32,8
7
5,8
5
8,2
2
3,3
7
6,0
2
3,5
5
8,3
24
19,7
19
29,5
5
8,3
3
2,5
1
1,7
2
3,3
2
1,7
0
0,0
2
3,2
73
10,0

17
28,3
30
49,2
29
24,0
16
26,2
13
21,7
32
27,4
8
14,0
24
40,0
23
18,9
16
24,6
7
11,7
20
16,8
15
25,4
5
8,3
27
22,5
19
33,3
8
12,7
178
24,6

60
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
122
100,0
62
100,0
60
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
120
100,0
57
100,0
63
100,0
720
100,0

44
73,3
25
41,0
102
84,3
49
80,3
53
88,3
77
65,8
53
93,0
24
40,0
71
58,2
27
43,5
44
73,3
97
81,5
42
71,2
55
91,7
108
90,0
54
94,7
54
85,7
524
72,8

118

50
83,3
41
67,2
114
94,2
56
91,8
58
96,7
110
94,0
55
96,5
55
91,7
98
80,3
43
70,5
55
91,7
116
97,5
58
98,3
58
96,7
118
98,3
57
100,0
61
96,8
647
90,0

43
71,7
31
50,8
92
76,0
45
73,8
47
78,3
85
72,6
49
86,0
36
60,0
99
81,1
46
75,4
53
88,3
99
83,2
44
74,6
55
91,7
93
77,5
38
66,7
55
87,3
542
75,4

Bng 38: nh gi v cht lng nc tm ra ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Tt
26
21,5
22
36,7
4
6,6
58
47,9
24
39,3
34
56,7
58
49,6
46
80,7
12
20,0
59
48,8
26
42,6
33
55,0
71
59,7
30
50,8
41
68,3
97
80,8
46
80,7
51
81,0
369
51,3

Kh
25
20,7
16
26,7
9
14,8
30
24,8
15
24,6
15
25,0
32
27,4
4
7,0
28
46,7
23
19,0
14
23,0
9
15,0
33
27,7
19
32,2
14
23,3
13
10,8
5
8,8
8
12,7
156
21,7

119

Trung bnh
58
47,9
18
30,0
40
65,6
28
23,1
20
32,8
8
13,3
20
17,1
6
10,5
14
23,3
28
23,1
14
23,0
14
23,3
14
11,8
9
15,3
5
8,3
10
8,3
6
10,5
4
6,3
158
22,0

Di trung
bnh
12
9,9
4
6,7
8
13,1
5
4,1
2
3,3
3
5,0
7
6,0
1
1,8
6
10,0
11
9,1
7
11,5
4
6,7
1
0,8
1
1,7
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
36
5,0

Tng
121
100,0
60
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
120
100,0
57
100,0
63
100,0
719
100,0

Bng 39: Tnh cht ca ging o ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng

Hoi Nhn

S
ging
o

%
trn
tng
s
h

% trn
tng s
h
khng
s dng
nc
my

su
trung
bnh

lch
chun

Mc nc
ma kh

lch
chun

Mc
nc
ma
ma

lch
chun

60

49,6

57,7

8,2

3,7

1,3

1,1

3,8

1,8

Tam Q, Nam

23

38,3

53,5

6,5

3,6

1,4

1,0

3,2

1,7

Hoi Hng

37

60,7

60,7

9,2

3,4

1,3

1,2

4,2

1,8

119

98,3

98,3

8,3

3,0

1,3

0,9

4,5

2,1

M Hip

59

96,7

96,7

8,9

3,4

1,2

0,9

4,8

2,4

M Chu

60

100,0

100,0

7,8

2,5

1,4

0,9

4,3

1,7

72

61,5

61,5

7,5

3,3

1,6

1,4

4,9

2,4

Ct Lm

39

68,4

68,4

7,4

2,2

1,4

1,1

4,9

1,6

Ct Tin

33

55,0

55,0

7,5

4,2

1,8

1,7

4,8

3,1

Tuy Phc

32

26,2

52,5

6,5

2,8

1,1

0,8

4,2

1,7

3,2

200,0

5,5

2,1

1,0

0,0

3,5

0,7

30

50,0

50,0

6,6

2,8

1,1

0,9

4,3

1,7

36

30,3

90,0

8,3

4,2

1,4

0,9

4,6

1,8

5,1

60,0

12,7

7,0

2,2

1,8

6,7

3,1

33

55,0

94,3

7,9

3,7

1,4

0,8

4,4

1,6

35

29,2

102,9

7,7

1,7

1,3

0,7

4,8

1,3

5,3

7,7

4,0

0,3

0,6

4,0

2,0

32

50,8

94,1

7,7

1,5

1,4

0,7

4,9

1,2

354

49,2

74,2

7,9

3,2

1,4

1,0

4,5

2,0

Ph M

Ph Ct

Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

120

Bng 40: Cc nhn xt cm quan v nc ging o ca h gia nh phn theo x v

huyn
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Khng
mu
19
33,3
9
39,1
10
29,4
93
78,2
40
67,8
53
88,3
50
69,4
37
94,9
13
39,4
24
75,0
0
0,0
24
80,0
31
86,1
2
66,7
29
87,9
29
85,3
2
66,7
27
87,1
246
70,3

C
mu
38
66,7
14
60,9
24
70,6
26
21,8
19
32,2
7
11,7
22
30,6
2
5,1
20
60,6
8
25,0
2
100,0
6
20,0
5
13,9
1
33,3
4
12,1
5
14,7
1
33,3
4
12,9
104
29,7

Khng
mi
31
54,4
14
60,9
17
50,0
100
84,3
47
79,7
53
88,3
52
80,6
37
94,9
15
45,5
25
78,8
1
50,0
24
80,0
32
89,4
2
66,7
30
90,9
29
85,7
2
66,7
27
87,1
269
76,9

121

C
mi
26
45,6
9
39,1
17
50,0
19
17,1
12
20,3
7
11,7
20
49,6
2
5,1
18
54,5
7
24,3
1
50,0
6
20,0
4
15,2
1
33,3
3
9,1
5
17,0
1
33,3
4
12,9
81
23,1

Khng
v
38
66,7
15
65,2
23
67,6
112
94,2
54
91,5
58
96,7
67
93,3
38
97,4
29
87,9
29
91,8
1
50,0
28
93,3
33
92,3
2
66,7
31
93,9
33
97,1
3
100,0
30
96,8
312
89,1

C
v
19
33,4
8
34,8
11
32,4
7
7,0
5
8,5
2
3,3
5
10,2
1
2,6
4
12,1
3
21,1
1
50,0
2
6,7
3
15,2
1
33,3
2
6,1
1
3,2
0
0,0
1
3,2
38
10,9

Khng
c
26
46,3
12
52,2
14
41,2
90
75,7
43
72,9
47
78,3
56
80,0
35
89,7
21
63,6
27
85,3
1
50,0
26
86,7
30
86,1
1
33,3
29
87,9
28
82,6
2
66,7
26
83,9
257
73,4

c
31
54,9
11
47,8
20
58,8
29
24,7
16
27,1
13
21,7
16
29,8
4
10,3
12
36,4
5
20,7
1
50,0
4
13,3
6
30,3
2
66,7
4
12,1
6
19,0
1
33,3
5
16,1
93
26,6

Tng
57
100,0
23
100,0
34
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
72
100,0
39
100,0
33
100,0
32
100,0
2
100,0
30
100,0
36
100,0
3
100,0
33
100,0
34
100,0
3
100,0
31
100,0
350
100,0

Bng 41: nh gi v cht lng nc ging o ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Tt
9
16,1
3
13,0
6
17,6
59
52,6
22
37,3
37
61,7
45
71,7
33
84,6
12
36,4
18
60,0
0
0,0
18
60,0
19
53,4
1
33,3
18
54,5
26
77,2
3
100,0
23
74,2
176
50,3

Kh
12
23,9
7
30,4
5
14,7
27
23,0
15
25,4
12
20,0
13
29,0
2
5,1
11
33,3
4
20,0
1
50,0
3
10,0
11
30,6
1
33,3
10
30,3
6
19,4
0
0,0
6
19,4
73
20,9

122

Trung bnh
27
48,3
9
39,1
18
52,9
28
28,0
20
33,9
8
13,3
10
15,0
4
10,3
6
18,2
8
26,7
1
50,0
7
23,3
6
18,2
1
33,3
5
15,2
2
6,5
0
0,0
2
6,5
81
23,1

Di trung
bnh
9
15,9
4
17,4
5
14,7
5
4,4
2
3,4
3
5,0
4
12,1
0
0,0
4
12,1
2
6,7
0
0,0
2
6,7
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
20
5,7

Tng
57
100,0
23
100,0
34
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
72
100,0
39
100,0
33
100,0
32
100,0
2
100,0
30
100,0
36
100,0
3
100,0
33
100,0
34
100,0
3
100,0
31
100,0
350
100,0

Bng 42: Tnh cht ca ging khoan ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn
a phng

S ging
khoan

% trn tng
s h

% trn tng s
h khng s
dng nc my

su trung
bnh

lch
chun

Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

59
28
31
2
2
0
53
20
33
63
26
37
66
43
23
13
0
13
256

48,8
46,7
50,8
1,7
3,3
0,0
45,3
35,1
55,0
51,6
41,9
61,7
55,5
72,9
38,3
10,8
0,0
20,6
35,6

56,7
65,1
50,8
1,7
3,3
0,0
45,3
35,1
55,0
103,3
2600,0
61,7
165,0
860,0
65,7
38,2
38,2
53,7

22,3
17,0
27,2
29,0
29,0
9,7
8,8
10,2
17,7
27,0
11,2
23,6
22,7
25,2
10,2
10,2
18,3

11,0
8,3
11,0
4,2
4,2
4,2
3,3
4,6
9,7
6,6
5,1
6,0
5,3
7,0
4,8
4,8
9,8

Bng 43: Cc nhn xt cm quan v nc ging khoan ca h gia nh phn theo x v

huyn
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Khng
mu
54,8
66,7
35,5
100,0
100,0
68,5
90,0
36,4
65,7
34,6
75,7
71,8
55,8
90,9
92,3
92,3
60,6

C
mu
54,8
33,3
64,5
0,0
0,0
59,0
10,0
63,6
51,2
65,4
24,3
40,8
44,2
9,1
7,7
7,7
39,4

Khng
mi
62,6
76,9
38,7
100,0
100,0
68,5
90,0
33,3
59,2
36,0
67,6
75,9
65,1
90,9
84,6
84,6
61,9

123

C
mi
52,1
23,1
61,3
0,0
0,0
61,9
10,0
66,7
50,5
64,0
32,4
31,8
34,9
9,1
15,4
15,4
38,1

Khng
v
79,7
92,3
64,5
100,0
100,0
92,5
95,0
90,9
87,2
8,0
91,9
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
82,9

C v
31,2
7,7
35,5
0,0
0,0
8,1
5,0
9,1
82,3
92,0
8,1
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
0,0
17,1

Khng
c
77,3
80,8
74,2
100,0
100,0
63,8
75,0
54,5
82,0
68,0
89,2
86,0
76,7
100,0
84,6
84,6
77,4

c
23,3
19,2
25,8
0,0
0,0
40,3
25,0
45,5
24,9
32,0
10,8
23,3
23,3
0,0
15,4
15,4
22,6

Tng
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0
100,0

Bng 44: nh gi v cht lng nc ging khoan ca h gia nh phn theo x v

huyn

a phng

Tt

Kh

Trung bnh

Di trung bnh

Tng

Hoi Nhn

35,3

23,4

52,2

9,7

100,0

Tam Quan Nam

42,3

26,9

30,8

0,0

100,0

9,7

19,4

61,3

9,7

100,0

Ph M

100,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

100,0

M Hip

100,0

0,0

0,0

0,0

100,0

Ph Ct

54,5

47,1

16,1

11,4

100,0

Ct Lm

70,0

10,0

10,0

10,0

100,0

Ct Tin

18,2

51,5

18,2

12,1

100,0

Tuy Phc

61,6

11,3

25,2

38,1

100,0

Phc Thng

12,0

12,0

32,0

44,0

100,0

Phc Lc

67,6

10,8

16,2

5,4

100,0

An Nhn

65,3

29,2

18,6

4,7

100,0

TT Bnh nh

44,2

32,6

18,6

4,7

100,0

Nhn An

86,4

13,6

0,0

0,0

100,0

Ty Sn

84,6

0,0

15,4

0,0

100,0

TT Ph Phong

84,6

0,0

15,4

0,0

100,0

Tng

113

56

59

24

252

Tng

44,8

22,2

23,4

9,5

100,0

Hoi Hng

124

Bng 45: Cc nguyn nhn khng ng ging khoan ca h gia nh phn theo x v
huyn
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

di
mt t
2
3,2
0
0,0
2
6,1
42
35,6
29
49,2
13
22,0
17
27,0
16
44,4
1
3,7
2
3,2
0
0,0
2
8,7
1
1,9
0
0,0
1
2,6
15
12,7
15
22,1
0
0,0
79
16,5

Nc
ngm mn
17
27,0
16
53,3
1
3,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
11
17,5
11
27,5
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
28
5,8

Nc ngm
phn
25
39,7
7
23,3
18
54,5
7
5,9
0
0,0
7
11,9
13
20,6
0
0,0
13
48,1
23
36,5
13
32,5
10
43,5
22
40,7
0
0,0
22
57,9
3
2,5
0
0,0
3
6,0
93
19,4

125

Khng c
tin
1
1,6
0
0,0
1
3,0
5
4,2
2
3,4
3
5,1
5
7,9
1
2,8
4
14,8
3
4,8
1
2,5
2
8,7
4
7,4
0
0,0
4
10,5
33
28,0
32
47,1
1
2,0
51
10,6

Khng
c nhu
cu
15
23,8
7
23,3
8
24,2
45
38,1
15
25,4
30
50,8
26
41,3
18
50,0
8
29,6
24
38,1
15
37,5
9
39,1
27
50,0
16
100,0
11
28,9
55
46,6
9
13,2
46
92,0
192
40,1

Khc
3
4,8
0
0,0
3
9,1
19
16,1
13
22,0
6
10,2
2
3,2
1
2,8
1
3,7
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
12
10,2
12
17,6
0
0,0
36
7,5

Tng
63
100,0
30
100,0
33
100,0
118
100,0
59
100,0
59
100,0
63
100,0
36
100,0
27
100,0
63
100,0
40
100,0
23
100,0
54
100,0
16
100,0
38
100,0
118
100,0
68
100,0
50
100,0
479
100,0

Bng 46: Cc nhn xt cm quan v nc my ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Khng
mu

C Khng
mu
mi

C Khng
mi
v

C Khng
v
c

Tng

14
87,5

2
12,5

11
5
68,8 31,3

14
2
87,5 12,5

14
2
16
87,5 12,5 100,0

45
86,5

7
13,5

28
24
53,8 46,2

49
94,2

3
5,8

43
9
52
82,7 17,3 100,0

53
98,1
13
56,5

1
1,9
10
43,5

40
14
74,1 25,9
19
4
82,6 17,4

54
100,0
23
100,0

0
0,0
0
0,0

47
7
54
87,0 13,0 100,0
8
15
23
34,8 65,2 100,0

53
93,0
28
96,6
206
89,2

0
7,0
1
3,4
21
10,8

53
0
100,0
0,0
24
5
82,8 17,2
176
51
76,2 23,8

53
100,0
29
100,0
226
97,8

0
0,0
0
0,0
1
2,2

24
29
53
42,1 57,9 100,0
24
5
29
82,8 17,2 100,0
160
67
227
69,3 30,7 100,0

Bng 47: nh gi v cht lng dch v nc my ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Nc mnh

Cht lng n nh

Nc khng b gin on

14
87,5

13
81,3

15
93,8

34
65,4

35
67,3

27
51,9

49
90,7
19
82,6

49
90,7
16
69,6

33
61,1
12
52,2

45
78,9
26
89,7
187
81,0

51
89,5
25
86,2
189
81,8

35
61,4
21
72,4
143
61,9

126

Bng 48: Khong cch n ngun nc ni khc ca h gia nh phn theo

huyn
a phng

Di 100m

100-500m

Trn 500m

Tng

10

20

35

14,3

28,6

57,1

100,0

42,9

28,6

28,6

100,0

50,0

50,0

0,0

100,0

12

75,0

8,3

16,7

100,0

66,7

33,3

0,0

100,0

37

43

86,0

11,6

2,3

100,0

60

23

25

108

55,6

21,3

23,1

100,0

Hoi Nhn
Ph M
Ph Ct
Tuy Phc
An Nhn
Ty Sn
Tng

Bng 49: Mc ch s dng nc ly t ni khc ca h gia nh phn theo huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Ph M
Ph Ct
Tuy Phc
An Nhn
Ty Sn
Tng

Dng ung

Dng nu
n

Dng tm
git

Mc ch
khc

Tng

35

33

35

100,0

94,3

5,7

5,7

100,0

100,0

71,4

28,6

14,3

100,0

100,0

75,0

0,0

0,0

100,0

12

11

12

100,0

91,7

16,7

0,0

100,0

100,0

66,7

0,0

0,0

100,0

43

42

43

100,0

97,7

9,3

4,7

100,0

108

99

10

108

100,0

91,7

9,3

4,6

100,0

127

Bng 50: Dng c cha nc ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Lu, vi,
thng
52
44,4
23
40,4
29
48,3
42
38,2
28
48,3
14
26,9
39
34,5
20
37,7
19
31,7
36
28,6
25
38,5
11
18,0
29
25,0
8
13,6
21
36,8
58
50,4
53
100,0
5
8,1
256
36,7

Bn trn
cao
47
40,2
22
38,6
25
41,7
54
49,1
22
37,9
32
61,5
61
54,0
27
50,9
34
56,7
77
61,1
34
52,3
43
70,5
79
68,1
49
83,1
30
52,6
53
46,1
0
0,0
53
85,5
371
53,2

128

Bn trn
mt t
16
13,7
10
17,5
6
10,0
13
11,8
7
12,1
6
11,5
13
11,5
6
11,3
7
11,7
13
10,3
6
9,2
7
11,5
8
6,9
2
3,4
6
10,5
4
3,5
0
0,0
4
6,5
67
9,6

Bn m di t
2
1,7
2
3,5
0
0,0
1
0,9
1
1,7
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
3
0,4

Tng
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
110
100,0
58
100,0
52
100,0
113
100,0
53
100,0
60
100,0
126
100,0
65
100,0
61
100,0
116
100,0
59
100,0
57
100,0
115
100,0
53
100,0
62
100,0
697
100,0

Bng 51: Bin php x l nc ung ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan
Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Dng trc
tip
64
52,9

C qua bn
lng
15
12,4

C b lc
nhanh
36
29,8

C my
lc nc
4
3,3

Khc
2
1,7

Tng
121
100,0

33
55,0
31
50,8
84
69,4
42
68,9
42
70,0
63
53,8
34
59,6
29
48,3
81
66,4
48
77,4
33
55,0
89
74,8
43
72,9
46
76,7
102
85,0
56
98,2
46
73,0
483
67,1

5
8,3
10
16,4
23
19,0
8
13,1
15
25,0
17
14,5
15
26,3
2
3,3
16
13,1
8
12,9
8
13,3
16
13,4
6
10,2
10
16,7
5
4,2
1
1,8
4
6,3
92
12,8

20
33,3
16
26,2
7
5,8
5
8,2
2
3,3
29
24,8
2
3,5
27
45,0
14
11,5
1
1,6
13
21,7
4
3,4
2
3,4
2
3,3
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
90
12,5

2
3,3
2
3,3
6
5,0
5
8,2
1
1,7
8
6,8
6
10,5
2
3,3
11
9,0
5
8,1
6
10,0
10
8,4
8
13,6
2
3,3
13
10,8
0
0,0
13
20,6
52
7,2

0
0,0
2
3,3
1
0,8
1
1,6
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
3
0,4

60
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
122
100,0
62
100,0
60
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
120
100,0
57
100,0
63
100,0
720
100,0

129

Bng 52: Bin php x l nc nu n ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Dng trc tip

58
47,9
35
58,3
23
37,7
85
70,2
44
72,1
41
68,3
61
52,1
35
61,4
26
43,3
84
68,9
49
79,0
35
58,3
87
73,1
43
72,9
44
73,3
102
85,0
56
98,2
46
73,0
477
66,3

C qua bn
lng
17
14,0
5
8,3
12
19,7
25
20,7
9
14,8
16
26,7
25
21,4
19
33,3
6
10,0
25
20,5
12
19,4
13
21,7
26
21,8
13
22,0
13
21,7
18
15,0
1
1,8
17
27,0
136
18,9

130

C b lc
nhanh
45
37,2
19
31,7
26
42,6
10
8,3
7
11,5
3
5,0
31
26,5
3
5,3
28
46,7
13
10,7
1
1,6
12
20,0
5
4,2
2
3,4
3
5,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
104
14,4

C my lc
nc
1
0,8
1
1,7
0
0,0
1
0,8
1
1,6
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
1
0,8
1
1,7
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
3
0,4

Tng
121
100,0
60
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
122
100,0
62
100,0
60
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
120
100,0
57
100,0
63
100,0
720
100,0

Bng 53: Mc un si nc ung ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Thng xuyn
107
88,4
54
90,0
53
86,9
108
89,3
55
90,2
53
88,3
105
89,7
49
86,0
56
93,3
115
94,3
60
96,8
55
91,7
116
97,5
58
98,3
58
96,7
70
58,3
15
26,3
55
87,3
621
86,3

Thnh thong
13
10,7
6
10,0
7
11,5
11
9,1
6
9,8
5
8,3
10
8,5
8
14,0
2
3,3
7
5,7
2
3,2
5
8,3
2
1,7
0
0,0
2
3,3
39
32,5
32
56,1
7
11,1
82
11,4

131

Khng bao gi
1
0,8
0
0,0
1
1,6
2
1,7
0
0,0
2
3,3
2
1,7
0
0,0
2
3,3
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
1
0,8
1
1,7
0
0,0
11
9,2
10
17,5
1
1,6
17
2,4

Tng
121
100,0
60
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
122
100,0
62
100,0
60
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
120
100,0
57
100,0
63
100,0
720
100,0

Bng 54: S lt nc s dng bnh qun/ngy cho n, ung, tm ra ca h gia nh

a phng

S lt s
dng /ngy

Hoi Nhn
Ph M
Ph Ct

374

An Nhn

837

Tng

S h dng
trn 1000
lt/ngy

Tng

20

14

10

121

16,5

11,6

8,3

100,0

55

30

27

121

45,5

24,8

22,3

7,4

100,0

27

40

37

13

117

23,1

34,2

31,6

11,1

100,0

23

52

31

16

122

18,9

42,6

25,4

13,1

100,0

14

45

29

31

119

11,8

37,8

24,4

26,1

100,0

633
617

S h dng
500-1000
lt/ngy

77

608
685

S h dng
200-500
lt/ngy

63,6
568

Tuy Phc

Ty Sn

S h dng di
200 lt/ngy

23

50

25

22

120

19,2

41,7

20,8

18,3

100,0

219

237

163

101

720

30,4

32,9

22,6

14,0

100,0

Bng 55: Hnh thc s dng nc my ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

C ng h ring

Gn ng h ph

Vi nc cng cng

Tng

Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam

16

16

52

52

TT Bnh nh

54

54

Nhn An

23

23
53

Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
An Nhn

Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

43

29

29

183

43

227

Bng 56: Chi ph ban u lp t nc my i vi h gia nh c ng h nc

a phng

Tng chi ph
mt ln lp
t

Tr cho
cng trnh
cp nc

Gp
vi h
khc

ng
gp
s
dng

Chi ph lp
t ng
ng vo nh

16

1,839

821

235

783

52

923

436

125

362

S h
lp t ng
h

Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh

54

336

29

307

Nhn An

23

1,266

918

191

157

663

269

94

300

29

836

534

98

204

846

409

109

329

Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Chi ph bnh qun/ng h

183

132

Bng 57: Nhn xt chi ph ban u s dng nc my ca h gia nh phn theo x

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Qu cao

Tng i cao

Ph hp

Tng

6
37,5

5
31,3

5
31,3

16
100,0

7
13,5
8
10,4
0
0,0
8
34,8
8
20,0
2
18,2
6
20,7
29
15,7

27
51,9
16
20,8
4
7,4
12
52,2
17
42,5
6
54,5
11
37,9
65
35,1

18
34,6
53
68,8
50
92,6
3
13,0
15
37,5
3
27,3
12
41,4
91
49,2

52
100,0
77
100,0
54
100,0
23
100,0
40
100,0
11
100,0
29
100,0
185
100,0

Bng 58: Nhn xt v th tc v qui nh lp ng h nc ca h gia nh phn theo

x
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Rt thun li

Tng i thun li

Cha thun li

Tng

6
37,5

8
50

2
12,5

16
100,0

27
51,9

25
48,1

0
0,0

52
100,0

31
57,4
7
30,4

23
42,6
15
65,2

0
0,0
1
4,3

54
100,0
23
100,0

4
44,4
18
62,1
93
50,8

5
55,6
10
34,5
86
47,0

0
0,0
1
3,4
4
2,2

9
100,0
29
100,0
183
100,0

133

Bng 59: Mc tiu th nc my v s tin phi tr hng thng ca h gia nh phn theo
x

a phng

Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

S
m3/
thng
bnh
qun
h

lch
chun

Ti
thiu

Ti
a

C tr
tin

Khn
g

S tin tr
hng
thng/h
(000)

13

12

7,6

1,2

30

15

32

52

11

6,8

30

51

28

54
23

6
8

4,7
6,4

1
2

32
25

54
23

0
0

21
16

57
29
228

9
10
8,9

10,0
6,4
7,5

0,6
2,5
0,6

45
30
45

11
29
183

44
0
45

16
24
23

S
h

Bng 60: Nhn xt v gi nc ca ngi dn phn theo x v huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Tng i cao

Qu cao

Ph hp

Tng

2
15,4

1
7,7

10
76,9

13
100,0

3
5,8

18
34,6

31
59,6

52
100,0

0
0,0
0
0,0

3
5,6
2
8,7

51
94,4
21
91,3

54
100,0
23
100,0

2
18,2
0
0,0
7
3,8

6
54,5
6
20,7
36
19,8

3
27,3
23
79,3
139
76,4

11
100,0
29
100,0
182
100,0

134

Bng 61: ng x ca ngi dn nu gi nc tng (hoc phi ng tin i vi nhng h

khng ng hin nay) phn theo x
a phng

Ngng s
dng

Tit gim tiu

dng

Tng ngun
nc thay th

Vn s dng
nh hin nay

Tng

1
6,3

11
68,8

0
0,0

4
25,0

16
100,0

0
0,0

47
90,4

0
0,0

5
9,6

52
100,0

0
0,0
0
0,0

35
64,8
20
87,0

4
7,4
2
8,7

15
27,8
1
4,3

54
100,0
23
100,0

12
21,1
0
0,0
13
5,6

20
35,1
24
82,8
157
68,0

16
28,1
1
3,4
23
10,0

9
15,8
4
13,8
38
16,5

57
100,0
29
100,0
231
100,0

Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Bng 62: Mc hi lng ca ngi dn i vi dch v cung cp nc sch phn theo x

Mc hi lng
a phng

Rt hi lng

Tng i hi
lng

Khng hi
lng

Khng kin

6
37,5

10
62,5

0
0,0

0
0,0

16
100,0
52
100,0

Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

12

35
23,1

67,3

9,6

0
0,0

15
27,8
3
13,0

37
68,5
12
52,2

2
3,7
8
34,8

0
0,0
0
0,0

54
100,0
23
100,0

21
36,8
7
24,1
64
27,7

33
57,9
19
65,5
146
63,2

2
3,5
3
10,3
20
8,7

1
1,8
0
0,0
1
0,4

57
100,0
29
100,0
231
100,0

135

Tng

Bng 63: kin ca h gia nh v vic v sao khng s dng nc my

S
kin tr
li

T l

Chi ph lp t ng ng t ng h nc vo nh cao

14

21,5

Khng c nhu cu v c cc ngun nc ang dng hin nay

12

18,5

C ng ng nc chnh nhng cha cho kt ni dng

10

15,4

Chi ph lp t c ng h nc cao

10

15,4

Nh cch xa ng ng nc chnh, khng kt ni c

6,2

Nc my chy yu

7,7

Cha c ng ng nc chnh chy n khu vc ny

6,2

Cht lng nc my khng tt hoc khng n nh

4,6

Tin nc phi tr hng thng cao

3,1

Th tc xin lp t ng h nc phc tp

1,5

65

100,0

L do khng s dng nc my

Tng

136

Bng 64: kin ca h gia nh ni cha c nc my v s cn thit ca dch v

a phng

Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Rt cn thit
v iu
kin thc
hin

Rt cn thit
nhng cha
iu kin thc
hin

Cn thit
nhng cha
tht s bc
bch

39
42,9
3
10,0
36
59,0
27
22,3
19
31,1
8
13,3
36
30,8
8
14,0
28
46,7
17
28,3
17
28,3
3
10,0
3
10,0
9
27,3
131
29,0
9
27,3
9
27,3
131
29,0

16
17,6
3
10,0
13
21,3
16
13,2
9
14,8
7
11,7
11
9,4
1
1,8
10
16,7
8
13,3
8
13,3
5
16,7
5
16,7
4
12,1
60
13,3
4
12,1
4
12,1
60
13,3

19
20,9
11
36,7
8
13,1
36
29,8
17
27,9
19
31,7
38
32,5
28
49,1
10
16,7
20
33,3
20
33,3
12
40,0
12
40,0
10
30,3
135
29,9
10
30,3
10
30,3
135
29,9

137

Hin
cha
cn
nhng
thi
gian ti
cn
4
4,4
4
13,3
0
0,0
4
3,3
2
3,3
2
3,3
4
3,4
2
3,5
2
3,3
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
7
21,2
19
4,2
7
21,2
7
21,2
19
4,2

Hon
ton
cha
cn
thit

kin
khc

Tng

13
14,3
9
30,0
4
6,6
37
30,6
13
21,3
24
40,0
27
23,1
17
29,8
10
16,7
15
25,0
15
25,0
10
33,3
10
33,3
3
9,1
105
23,2
3
9,1
3
9,1
105
23,2

0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
1
0,8
1
1,6
0
0,0
1
0,9
1
1,8
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
2
0,4
0
0,0
0
0,0
2
0,4

91
100,0
30
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
60
100,0
60
100,0
30
100,0
30
100,0
33
100,0
452
100,0
33
100,0
33
100,0
452
100,0

Bng 65: Nhn xt ca h gia nh ni khng c nc my v cht lng ngun nc v nh hng i vi

sc khe
ng

Nhn xt
Cht lng nc my tt hn nc ging, ao, h, sng, sui
Nc my gip hn ch cc loi bnh tiu ha
Nc my gip hn ch cc loi bnh ngoi da
Nc my gip hn ch cc bnh mn tnh do ngun nc cha c x
l b nhim cc c t

M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Lc
An Nhn
Nhn An
Ty Sn
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Khng
kin

Tng

405
89,6
360
79,6
286
63,3

9
2,0
10
2,2
31
6,9

38
8,4
82
18,1
135
29,9

452
100,0
452
100,0
452
100,0

272
60,2

16
3,5

164
36,3

452
100,0

Bng 66: S sn sng s dng nc my ca h gia nh ni cha c nc my

S ng k s
S cn nhc kh
Hin cha c
a phng
dng ngay nng chi tr ca gia nh s dng nc
nh
my
Hoi Nhn
55
16
18
60,4
17,6
19,8
Tam Quan Nam
11
6
12
36,7
20,0
40,0
Hoi Hng
44
10
6
72,1
16,4
9,8
Ph M
34
36
50
28,1
29,8
41,3
M Hip

Khng
ng

Khng bit,
khng kin

Tng

2
2,2
1
3,3
1
1,6
1
0,8

91
100,0
30
100,0
61
100,0
121
100,0

26
42,6
8
13,3
37
31,6
7
12,3
30
50,0
26
43,3

20
32,8
16
26,7
40
34,2
26
45,6
14
23,3
12
20,0

15
24,6
35
58,3
36
30,8
22
38,6
14
23,3
22
36,7

0
0,0
1
1,7
4
3,4
2
3,5
2
3,3
0
0,0

61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
60
100,0

26
43,3
7
23,3
7
23,3
13
39,4
13
39,4
172
38,1

12
20,0
8
26,7
8
26,7
12
36,4
12
36,4
124
27,4

22
36,7
15
50,0
15
50,0
8
24,2
8
24,2
149
33,0

0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
7
1,5

60
100,0
30
100,0
30
100,0
33
100,0
33
100,0
452
100,0

138

Bng 67: Mc ch ca h gia nh ni cha c nc my i vi vic s dng nc

my

a phng

Ung

Nu n

Hoi Nhn

90
100,0
30
100,0
60
100,0
119
99,2
60
98,4
59
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
60
100,0
60
100,0
30
100,0
30
100,0
33
100,0
33
100,0
449
100,0

89
98,9
30
100,0
59
98,3
110
91,7
60
98,4
50
84,7
115
98,3
57
100,0
58
96,7
60
100,0
60
100,0
30
100,0
30
100,0
33
100,0
33
100,0
437
97,3

Tam Quan Nam

Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Lc
An Nhn
Nhn An
Ty Sn
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Mc ch s dng nc my
Tm ra Git qun
Ra chn
o
bt, nh
ca
37
41,1
15
50,0
22
36,7
27
22,5
20
32,8
7
11,9
25
21,4
14
24,6
11
18,3
16
26,7
16
26,7
1
3,3
1
3,3
4
12,1
4
12,1
110
24,5

139

23
25,6
7
23,3
16
26,7
19
15,8
12
19,7
7
11,9
16
13,7
11
19,3
5
8,3
8
13,3
8
13,3
1
3,3
1
3,3
2
6,1
2
6,1
69
15,4

17
18,9
8
26,7
9
15,0
10
8,3
4
6,6
6
10,2
24
20,5
14
24,6
10
16,7
18
30,0
18
30,0
1
3,3
1
3,3
8
24,2
8
24,2
78
17,4

Ti
cy

Chn
nui

5
5,6
4
13,3
1
1,7
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
5
1,1

1
1,1
1
3,3
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
1
0,2

Bng 68: c lng s nc s dng v s tin tr mi thng ca h gia nh

S
h

Lng nc
trung bnh
(1.000 lt)

lch
chun

Mc
ti
thiu

Mc
ti
a

S tin
trung
bnh
(1.000)

lch
chun

Mc
ti
thiu

Mc
ti
a

91

2,6

2,6

0,1

12,0

32

17

60

Tam Quan Nam

30

2,3

2,5

0,5

10

38

15

10

60

Hoi Hng

61

2,8

2,7

0,1

12

30

17

60

121

3,7

5,9

0,0

50,0

27

19

100

M Hip

61

3,5

3,6

0,2

25

34

21

100

M Chu

60

4,0

7,5

0,0

50

21

15

80

117

3,0

4,1

0,5

36,0

18

11

50

Ct Lm

57

2,4

1,8

0,5

10

16

10

40

Ct Tin

60

3,6

5,4

0,5

36

20

11

50

Tuy Phc

60

4,4

5,5

0,9

30,0

20

12

50

60

4,4

5,5

0,9

30

20

12

50

30

2,5

2,7

0,5

15,0

11

10

50

30

2,5

2,7

0,5

15

11

10

50

33

3,8

4,1

0,9

20,0

16

14

80

33

3,8

4,1

0,9

20

16

14

80

452

3,3

4,6

0,0

50,0

22

16

100

a phng

Hoi Nhn

Ph M

Ph Ct

Phc Lc
An Nhn
Nhn An
Ty Sn
TT Ph Phong
Tng

140

Bng 69: S dng dch v thu gom rc ca cc h gia nh phn theo thn
S dng dch v thu gom rc
C dch v thu gom
rc nhng khng
C tham gia vo
Khng c dch
dch v thu gom rc tham gia
v thu gom rc
Tam Quan
Nam
Hoi
Hng
M Hip
M Chu
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Phc
Thng
Phc Lc
TT Bnh
nh

Nhn An
Vnh An
TT Ph
Phong

Cu li ty
Tng Long 1
Ca Cng
Nam
Ph An
i Thun
Hu Lc
Vn An
Lc Thi
i Khoan
An im
Ph Hu
Phng Phi
T Cung
Lc in
Ph M 2
Hnh Quang
Vnh Lim
Quang
Trung
Thun Thi
Tn Dng
Con Giang
Con Git
Ph Xun
Khi 3

23

74,2

16,2

1
26

3,3
86,6

13,3

28

96,5

3,4

30

100

30

100

141

30
30

100
100

3
30
30
31
30
30
27
30
30
30

9,6
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100

32
30
29

100
100
96,6

30
30
28
29

100
100
100
100

33

100

Bng 70: S dng dch v thu gom rc ca cc h gia nh phn theo x

Hoi Nhn

Tam Quan Nam

Hoi Hng

Ph M

C tham gia vo dch

v thu gom rc

C dch v thu gom rc nhng

khng tham gia

S lng

S lng

T l

T l

23

82,2

17,9

Phc Lc

27

87,1

12,9

TT Bnh nh

58

98,3

1,69

30

100,0

M Hip
M Chu

Ph Ct

Ct Lm
Ct Tin

Tuy Phc

An Nhn

Phc Thng

Nhn An
Ty Sn

Vnh An
TT Ph Phong

142

Bng 71: Cch x l rc ca h ni khng c dch v gom rc phn theo x v huyn

Cch x l rc
a Phng
t
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

75
81,0
46
76,7
29
87,9
93
77,2
44
72,1
49
81,7
87
74,9
46
80,7
41
68,3
51
56,4
33
53,2
18
62,1
39
65,0
39
65,0
50
56,1
34
59,7
16
48,5
395
69,1

Chn
14
18,0
12
20,0
2
6,1
9
7,5
4
6,6
5
8,3
3
2,8
1
1,8
2
3,3
17
22,2
15
24,2
2
6,9
12
20,0
12
20,0
8
8,9
5
8,8
3
9,1
63
11,0

Vt
vn

ra
1
1,7
1
1,7
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
4
4,2
1
1,8
3
5,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
3
5,0
3
5,0
3
5,3
3
5,3
0
0,0
11
1,9

143

xung ao,
h, sng, sui
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
7
7,0
2
3,5
5
8,3
3
3,3
2
3,2
1
3,5
4
6,7
4
6,7
5
8,8
5
8,8
0
0,0
19
3,3

Vt ra
ngoi
t
nhin
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
6
9,8
6
9,8
0
0,0
8
7,2
3
5,3
5
8,3
17
19,4
10
16,1
7
24,1
1
1,7
1
1,7
20
23,9
10
17,5
10
30,3
52
9,1

Lm
phn
bn
1
3,0
0
0,0
1
3,0
7
8,8
1
1,6
6
10,0
4
4,4
3
5,3
1
1,7
0,0
0,0
0
0,0
1
3,5
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
12
2,1

Khc
2
2,4
1
1,7
1
3,0
6
9,8
6
9,8
0
0,0
4
4,2
1
1,8
3
5,0
0,0
0,0
2
3,2
0
0,0
1
1,7
1
1,7
4
12,1
0
0,0
4
12,1
17
3,0

Tng
93
100,0
60
100,0
33
100,0
121
100,0
61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
91
100,0
62
100,0
29
100,0
60
100,0
60
100,0
90
100,0
57
100,0
33
100,0
572
100,0

Bng 72: Tnh hnh x l cht thi chn nui ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn
Cch x l cht thi chn nui
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Tng
Lm biogas
t nhin lm phn
Khng lm g c
9
43
2
17,0
81,1
3,8
4
21
1
15,4
80,8
3,9
5
22
1
18,5
81,5
3,7
5
94
1
5,0
94,0
1,0
5
39
1
11,1
86,7
2,2
0
55
0
0,0
100
0,0
4
58
4
6,1
87,9
6,1
1
43
1
2,2
95,6
2,2
3
15
3
14,3
71,4
14,3
3
43
7
5,7
81,1
13,2
2
18
4
8,3
75,0
16,7
1
25
3
3,5
86,2
10,3
1
27
3
3,2
87,1
9,7
0
1
2
0,0
33,3
66,7
1
26
1
3,6
92,9
3,6
4
51
9
6,3
79,7
14,1
0
38
8
0,0
82,6
17,4
4
13
1
22,2
72,2
5,6
26
316
26
7,1
86,1
7,1

144

53
100,0
26
100,0
27
100,0
100
100,0
45
100,0
55
100
66
100,0
45
100,0
21
100,0
53
100,0
24
100,0
29
100,0
31
100,0
3
100,0
28
100,0
64
100,0
46
100,0
18
100,0
367
100,0

Bng 73: c im nh v sinh ca h gia nh phn theo x v huyn

a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT Bnh nh
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

Nh tiu Nh
tiu Nh tiu
Khng c
t hoi
di nc
hai ngn
nh tiu
Khc
40
39
32
7
3
33,1
32,2
26,4
5,8
2,5
19
24
10
5
2
31,7
40,0
16,7
8,3
3,3
21
15
22
2,0
1,0
34,4
24,6
36,1
3,3
1,6
25
5
40
0
51
20,7
4,1
33,1
0,0
42,1
17
4
9
0,0
31,0
27,9
6,6
14,8
0,0
50,8
8
1
31
0,0
20,0
13,3
1,7
51,7
0,0
33,3
14
23
8
0
72
12,0
19,7
6,8
0,0
61,5
3
6
1
0,0
47,0
5,3
10,5
1,8
0,0
82,5
11
17
7
0,0
25,0
18,3
28,3
11,7
0,0
41,7
54
40
12
0
16
44,3
32,8
9,8
0,0
13,1
25
26
5
0,0
6,0
40,3
41,9
8,1
0,0
9,7
29,0
14,0
7,0
0,0
10
48,3
23,3
11,7
0,0
16,7
57
26
7
1
28
47,9
21,8
5,9
0,8
23,5
44
13,0
2
0
0
74,6
22,0
3,4
0,0
0,0
13
13,0
5
1
28
21,7
21,7
8,3
1,7
46,7
31
29
0
0
60
25,8
24,2
0,0
0,0
50,0
0
1,0
0
0
56
0,0
1,8
0,0
0,0
98,2
31
28,0
0
0
4
49,2
44,4
0,0
0,0
6,3
221
162
99
8
230
30,7
22,5
13,8
1,1
31,9

145

Tng
121
100,0
60
100,0
61,0
100,0
121
100,0
61,0
100,0
60,0
100,0
117
100,0
57,0
100,0
60,0
100,0
122
100,0
62,0
100,0
60
100,0
119
100,0
59
100,0
60
100,0
120
100,0
57
100,0
63
100,0
720
100,0

Bng 74: Nhu cu s dng cc dch v thu gom rc khu vc ang c dch v thu gom
rc

a phng

Rt cn thit nhng
Rt cn thit v iu cha iu kin
kin thc hin
v CSHT thc
hin

Hoi Nhn

S lng

T l

S lng

T l

S lng

T l

22

95,7

4,4

23

100,0

27

100,0

0,0

27

100,0

58

100,0

0,0

58

100,0

30

100,0

0,0

30

100,0

137

99,3

0,7

138

100,0

Hoi Hng

Tng

Tuy Phc
Phc Lc
An Nhn
TT, Bnh nh
Ty Sn
TT, Ph Phong
Tng

146

Bng 75: Nhu cu s dng cc dch v thu gom rc khu vc cha c dch v thu gom
rc

Rt cn thit
v iu kin
thc hin

Rt cn thit
nhng cha
iu kin v CSHT
thc hin

C cn
thit
nhng
cha
tht s
cp
bch

Hin
cha cn
thit
nhng
trong
vng vi
nm ti
s cn

Hon
ton
cha
cn
thit

kin
khc

Tng

15
22,0
14
23,3
1
3,0
19
25,3

8
10,6
7
11,7
1
3,0
12
16,7

32
34,7
22
36,7
10
30,3
29
24,3

5
5,4
3
5,0
2
6,1
1
1,7

32
43,0
13
21,7
19
57,6
60
55,4

1
1,7
1
1,7
0
0,0
0
0,0

93
100,0
60
100,0
33
100,0
121
100,0

17
27,9
2
3,3
30
27,1
11
19,3
19
31,7
29
33,7

11
18,0
1
1,7
6
5,1
3
5,3
3
5,0
10
11,3

13
21,3
16
26,7
28
26,3
18
31,6
10
16,7
23
28,2

0
0,0
1
1,7
2
3,5
2
3,5
0
0,0
4
6,5

20
32,8
40
66,7
51
43,8
23
40,4
28
46,7
25
27,5

0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0

61
100,0
60
100,0
117
100,0
57
100,0
60
100,0
91
100,0

23
37,1
6
20,7
10
16,7
10
16,7
16
37,6
2
3,5
14
42,4
119
20,8

6
9,7
4
13,8
10
16,7
10
16,7
14
20,7
5
8,8
9
27,3
60
10,5

12
19,4
11
37,9
18
30,0
18
30,0
8
9,6
4
7,0
4
12,1
138
24,1

4
6,5
0
0,0
2
3,3
2
3,3
2
6,1
0
0,0
2
6,1
16
2,8

17
27,4
8
27,6
20
33,3
20
33,3
49
73,5
45
79,0
4
12,1
237
41,4

0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
0
0,0
1
0,0
1
1,8
0
0,0
2
0,3

62
100,0
29
100,0
60
100,0
60
100,0
90
100,0
57
100,0
33
100,0
572
100,0

a phng

Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

147

Bng 76: Mc sn sng tham gia dch v thu gom rc khu vc cha c dch v
a phng
Hoi Nhn
Tam Quan Nam
Hoi Hng
Ph M
M Hip
M Chu
Ph Ct
Ct Lm
Ct Tin
Tuy Phc
Phc Thng
Phc Lc
An Nhn
Nhn An
Ty Sn
Vnh An
TT Ph Phong
Tng

S tham gia
ngay

Nu nhiu ngi tham

gia th tham gia

ch xem nu
dch v tt th
tham gia

Khng
tham gia v
khng c
nhu cu

Khc

Tng

26

34

29

93

40,2

40,1

7,2

53,4

0,0

100,0

25

27

60

41,7

45,0

1,7

11,7

0,0

100,0

22

33

3,0

21,2

9,1

66,7

0,0

100,0

28

29

60

121

37,1

24,7

1,7

54,3

0,0

100,0

25

12

21

61

41,0

19,7

1,6

34,4

3,3

100,0

17

39

60

5,0

28,3

1,7

65,0

0,0

100,0

25

37

48

117

21,6

31,7

6,2

41,0

0,0

100,0

11

19

23

57

19,3

33,3

7,0

40,4

0,0

100,0

14

18

25

60

23,3

30,0

5,0

41,7

0,0

100,0

32

31

23

91

36,8

35,7

5,9

25,4

0,0

100,0

25

18

15

62

40,3

29,0

6,5

24,2

0,0

100,0

13

29

24,1

44,8

3,5

27,6

0,0

100,0

12

19

22

60

20,0

31,7

11,7

36,7

0,0

100,0

12

19

22

60

20,0

31,7

11,7

36,7

0,0

100,0

22

15

51

90

50,4

20,6

2,4

76,9

0,0

100,0

47

57

5,3

10,5

1,8

82,5

0,0

100,0

19

33

57,6

27,3

3,0

12,1

0,0

100,0

145

165

27

233

572

25,3

28,8

4,7

40,7

0,3

100,0

148

Bng 77: Cc dch v thu gom rc a phng phn theo huyn

Tn thn/xm
ni cng trnh
t vn phng

Tn
cng
trnh

Nm
ph
duyt

Cp
ph
duyt

Ngy
bt
u
hot
ng

Cng
sut
thit
k
(m3/
ngy
m)

Cng
sut
khai
thc
hin ti
(m3/ng
y m)

S h
c
thu
gom
rc
theo
thit
k

a
phng

S h
thu
gom
rc
hin ti

Ch Hoi
Hng

Cp
huyn

1998

TT, Bng Sn

2000

10,000

Bnh Tr, M
Quang

Chnh
Thun

2008

Cp
huyn

2008

15

1166

Bnh Tr, M
Quang

Dng
Liu

2008

Cp
huyn

2008

Ph Ct

2008

Cp
huyn

2007

30

2462

An Nhn

Cng ty
mi
trng
th

2007

Cp tnh

2007

30

2500

5000

Cng ty
TNHH
H
Thanh

2006

Cp tnh

2006

50

21

7500

3000

2006

Cp tnh

2006

12000

15000

1998

Cp x

1998

5176

2850

Hoi
Nhn

Ph M

502

Khu An Ph,
ng Trn
Quc Ton

TT, Bnh nh
Tuy Phc

Tuy
Phc
TT, Tuy Phc
Khi V, TT Ph
Phong, Ty
Sn, Bnh nh

Ty Sn

HTX NN
v DV
tng hp
Ph
Phong

149

45

25

Bng 78: nh gi cht lng dch v thu gom rc ca cc h dn c phn theo x

Khng kin

Hoi Nhn

Tuy Phc

An Nhn

Ty Sn

Hoi Hng

Phc Lc

TT. Bnh nh

TT. Ph Phong

13

%
Rt tt

56,5

11

11,1

18,9

38

25

17,4

25,9

65,5

83,3

10

17,4

37

13,8

13

%
Tt
Mc u n theo
ngy thu gom rc

n
%

Trung bnh

n
%

Km

n
%

Rt km

Tng
Khng kin

11,1

1,7

3,3

58
100

30
100

%
n
%

23
100

15

%
Rt tt

2
8,7

65,2

3,70

8,62

41

26

4,35

29,6

70,7

86,7

10

26,1

33

17

10

%
Tt
Mc ng gi theo gi
thu gom rc

n
%

Trung bnh

n
%

Km

4,4

18,5

3,4

3,3

14,8
27
100

58
100

30
100

1
4,3

10
37,1

1
1,72
42
72,4

23
76,7

13

14

39

48

24

23,3

26,1

14,8

1,7

27
100

58
100

%
Rt km

Khng kin
Rt tt
Tt
Cht lng ca phng
tin thu gom rc

%
n
%

Tng

Trung bnh
Km

23
100

n
%
n
%
n
%

5
21,7

%
Rt km
Tng

14,8
27
100

%
n
%

8,7
23
100

150

30
100

Bng 78a: nh gi cht lng dch v thu gom rc ca cc h dn c phn theo x

Hoi Nhn
Hoi Hng

Khng kin
Rt tt
S thun tin ca
mng li thu gom
rc

Tt
Trung bnh
Km
Rt km
Khng kin
Rt tt

S thun tin ca
vic thu tin rc

Tt
Trung bnh
Km
Khng kin
Rt tt

Thi phc v ca
ngi thu gom rc

Tt
Trung bnh
Km
Rt tt
Tt

Tnh trng v sinh

ca vic thu gom rc

Trung bnh
Km
Rt km

n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%
n
%

Tuy Phc
Phc Lc

An Nhn

Ty Sn

TT. Bnh nh

TT. Ph Phong

2
8,7

1
4,3
9
39
10
43,5
1
4,3
1
4,3
1
4,3
6
26,1
12
52,2
3
13,1
1
4,3
1
4,3
6
26,1
15
65,2

1
4,3
9
39,1
7
30,4
6
26,1

151

2
7,4
9
33
10
37
6
22,2

7
12
43
74,1
7
12,1
1
1,7

4
14,8
9
33,3
14
51,9

4
6,9
47
81,1
7
12,7

2
7,4
7
25,9
17
62,9
1
3,7

4
6,9
38
65,5
14
24,4
2
3,4
3
5,17
39
67,2
11
18,9
3
5,1
2
3,4

6
22,2
13
48,1
6
22,2
2
7,4

29
96,7
1
3,3

29
96,7
1
3,3

26
86,7
4
13,3

25
83,3
5
16,6

Bng 79: Khong cch trung bnh t nh n ni tp trung n xe thu gom rc phn theo
x
Hoi Nhn

Tuy Phc
Phc Lc

Hoi Hng

Xe rc thu gom ngay trc

nh
Mang n ni cch khong
bao xe/m:

An Nhn
TT Bnh nh

19 70,37

23 100,00

Ty Sn
TT Ph Phong

29

96,67

8 29,63

3,33

1 100,00

1 -100m

17,39

6 85,71

101 -200m

34,78

1 14,29

201-300m

17,39

301-400m

13,04

401-500m

13,04

>500m

4,35

58 100

Bng 80: S ln thu gom rc trong tun phn theo x

Thu
gom
rc mi
ngy
Hoi
Nhn

Hoi
Hng

Tuy
Phc

4,35

Thu gom
rc 2
ngy/ln

Thu gom
rc 3
ngy/ln

4,35

Phc
Lc

3,70 23

An
Nhn

TT Bnh
nh

55

94,83

Ty
Sn

TT Ph
Phong

30

100,00

152

Thu gom
rc 4
ngy/ln

17,39 2

85,19

5,17

Thu gom
rc 6
ngy/ln

Thu gom
rc mi
tun

8,70 2

8,70 5

21,74

3,70 2

7,41

PH LC 4: HNG DN THU THP TI LIU V THNG TIN CC CP

Ti liu thng tin cp Tnh
Nin gim thng k tnh v cc huyn lin quan
Cc d n pht trin v kt qu thc hin cc d n, n trng tm ca Tnh lin quan
n nc sch v v sinh mi trng
II.
Ti liu thng tin cp Huyn
- Nin gim thng k huyn (nu cha ly c tnh)
- Cc bo co v tnh hnh pht trin kinh t - x hi ca huyn (2005 n nm 2009)
- Cc d n pht trin v kt qu thc hin cc d n, n trng tm ca Huyn lin
quan n nc sch v v sinh mi trng
III.
Ti liu thng tin cp X
Ti liu:
- Cc s liu thng k ca x mi mt (dn s, kinh t, tnh hnh nc sch v v sinh mi
trng)
- Cc bo co v tnh hnh kinh t - x hi ca x. Cc ban ngnh on th (2005 n nm
2009)
- Cc d n pht trin v kt qu thc hin cc d n, n trng tm ca x lin quan
n nc sch v v sinh mi trng

I.
-

KHUNG THU THP THNG TIN CC CP

I. BN THU THP S LIU nm 2009 DNG CHO C QUAN QUN L NH NC CP
TNH/HUYN/X
THNG TIN V NC SCH V V SINH MI TRNG
1. I VI H GIA NH
stt

CC CH BO C BN

n v tnh

c1

Tng s h gia nh c nh tiu hp v sinh

Trong , 1. Nh tiu t hoi

2. Nh tiu thm di nc

3. Nh tiu 2 ngn

4. Nh tiu chm c ng thng hi

Tng s ging o

Ging

Trong , s ging o hp v sinh

Ging

c3

Tng s h s dng ging o

c4

1. Tng s ging khoan

Ging

c2

153

S LIU

2. Trong , s ging khoan hp v sinh

Ging

c5

Tng s h s dng ging khoan

c6

Tng s h s dng ng h nc my ring

c7

Tng s h s dng nc my cng cng

c8

Tng s h c s dng mng li thu gom rc

2. I VI N V, T CHC
Stt
Tn
n v,
t
chc

S
ln
g
c
s

S lng cc loi hnh cp nc

Gin
g o

Gin
g
khoa
n

N
c
my

N
c
ma

hin
c (*)
c9

Nh
tr

c1
0

Trn
g hc

c1
1

Trm y
t

c1
2

Bnh
vin

c1
3

Ch

c1
4

Tr s
UBND
huyn

c1
5

Cc c
quan
thuc
huyn

c1
6

Tr s
UBND
cc x

154

Khn
g c

S lng cc loi nh tiu

T
ho
i

Th
Hai
m di ng
nc n

Nh
tiu
ch
m

Khn
g c

c1
6

Cc c
quan
thuc
tnh

(*) Mi im xy dng c xem l mt c s. Mt trng nhng nu c xy dng 2 ni

c tnh l 2 c s. Ghi tt c cc loi hnh m nhng c s trn c s dng..

Stt

Tn n v

Tng s

S c s c h thng x l
nc thi

S c s c h thng x l
rc thi

c17 Trm y t
c18 Bnh vin
c19 Ch
c20 Tri chn nui
C s sn
xut (*)
(*) Ch tnh cc c s sn xut c to ra nc thi v rc thi phi x l theo qui nh v VSMT
c21

3. KINH PH U T
Stt

Tng kinh ph trong nm ca cc chng trnh, d n cho NS &

VSMT nng thn ti a phng

n v
tnh

c22 Tng kinh ph thc hin

Triu

c23 Trong , Ngun ngn sch Nh nc (Trung ng, a phng)

Triu

c24

Ngun ti tr quc t

Triu

c25

Ngun u t tn dng

Triu

c26

Ngun dn ng gp v t u t

Triu

c27

Ngun u t ca t nhn

Triu

c28 1. Kinh ph k hoch ca Chng trnh mc tiu quc gia v

NS&VSMTNT II
2. T l kinh ph thc hin so vi k hoch nm ca Chng trnh

155

Triu

S LIU

4. KT QU U T
(tt c cc cng trnh, d n c u t ti a phng hoc ni khc nhng a phng
c hng li t trc n nay, k c nhng cng trnh h hng khng hot ng c
na hoc cha a vo s dng)
Stt

Lit k cc chng trnh, d

n v nc sch, thu gom
rc, v v sinh mi trng

VT

Nm
u
t

Nm
hot
ng

Nm
kt
thc

Cng
sut
thit
k

Cng
sut
s
dng

Tnh
trng
hot
ng
(*)

c29

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.

(*): 1=Bnh thng; 2: Thnh thong gp s c; 3:Thng gp s c; 4:H hng, ngng hot ng

156

S h
trong x
c
hng
li

5. T CHC B MY QUN L V NHN LC

Stt

S, Ban, ngnh no c UNDN tnh phn cng chu trch nhim

qun l chnh v nc sch, rc thi, v VSMT?

n v
tnh

c30 1. Tn t chc:
2. Nhim v c giao?
a.
b.
c.
3. Cc n v trc thuc?
a.
b.
c.
4. Tng s thnh vin trong cc b phn ny lin quan n cng
tc NS&VSMT?

Ngi

Trong , a. S ngi c trnh i hc v NS&VSMT

Ngi

b. S ngi c trnh trung cp v NS&VSMT

Ngi

c. S ngi c o to ngn hn v NS&VSMT

Ngi

d. S ngi cha tng c o to v NS&VSMT

Ngi

e. Tng s cc kha tp hun v NS&VSMT m mt hoc mt s

thnh vin ny c mi tham d trong nm qua?

Kha

f. Tng s thnh vin tham d t nht mt kha tp hun v

NS&VSMT trong nm qua?

Ngi

c31 1. Tn t chc:
2. Nhim v c giao?
a.
b.
c.

157

S LIU

3. Cc n v trc thuc?
a.
b.
c.
4. Tng s thnh vin trong cc b phn ny lin quan n cng
tc NS&VSMT?

Ngi

Trong , a. S ngi c trnh i hc v NS&VSMT

Ngi

b. S ngi c trnh trung cp v NS&VSMT

Ngi

c. S ngi c o to ngn hn v NS&VSMT

Ngi

d. S ngi cha tng c o to v NS&VSMT

Ngi

e. Tng s cc kha tp hun v NS&VSMT m mt hoc mt s

thnh vin ny c mi tham d trong nm qua?

Kha

f. Tng s thnh vin tham d t nht mt kha tp hun v

NS&VSMT trong nm qua?

Ngi

c32 1. Tn t chc:
2. Nhim v c giao?
a.
b.
c.
3. Cc n v trc thuc?
a.
b.
c.
4. Tng s thnh vin trong cc b phn ny lin quan n cng
tc NS&VSMT?

Ngi

Trong , a. S ngi c trnh i hc v NS&VSMT

Ngi

b. S ngi c trnh trung cp v NS&VSMT

158

Ngi

c. S ngi c o to ngn hn v NS&VSMT

Ngi

d. S ngi cha tng c o to v NS&VSMT

Ngi

e. Tng s cc kha tp hun v NS&VSMT m mt hoc mt s

thnh vin ny c mi tham d trong nm qua?

Kha

f. Tng s thnh vin tham d t nht mt kha tp hun v

NS&VSMT trong nm qua?

Ngi

c33 1. Tn t chc:
2. Nhim v c giao?
a.
b.
c.
3. Cc n v trc thuc?
a.
b.
c.
4. Tng s thnh vin trong cc b phn ny lin quan n cng
tc NS&VSMT?

Ngi

Trong , a. S ngi c trnh i hc v NS&VSMT

Ngi

b. S ngi c trnh trung cp v NS&VSMT

Ngi

c. S ngi c o to ngn hn v NS&VSMT

Ngi

d. S ngi cha tng c o to v NS&VSMT

Ngi

e. Tng s cc kha tp hun v NS&VSMT m mt hoc mt s

thnh vin ny c mi tham d trong nm qua?

Kha

f. Tng s thnh vin tham d t nht mt kha tp hun v

NS&VSMT trong nm qua?

Ngi

159

6. CNG TC KIM TRA, GIM ST

c35 Hot ng kim tra, gim st ch yu
v NS&VSMT a phng l g?
(gch cho vo thch hp)

Mc thng xuyn

C/
khng
1=C

Hng
tun

Hng
thng

Hng
qu

Hng
nm

t
xut

2=khng
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
7. CNG TC BO CO NH K
c36 Cc bo co nh k v t xut v
NS&VSMT a phng l g?

C/
khng

(gch cho vo thch hp)

1=C
2=khng

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

160

Mc thng xuyn
Hng
tun

Hng
thng

Hng
qu

Hng
nm

t
xut

8.
9.
10.
8. CNG TC LU TR
c37 Cc loi ti liu ch yu v NS&VSMT c lu tr thng xuyn
a phng l g? (gch cho vo thch hp)

Thi gian lu tr
(nm)

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
9. TP HUN V TRUYN THNG
Stt

Nhng kha tp hun, tuyn truyn v NS&VSMT nng thn

n v tnh

c38 Trong nm qua, a phng c t chc cc bui tp hun

C/khng
hoc truyn thng no v NS&VSMT dnh cho ngi dn hay
khng?
c39 Nu c th, cc ni dung g?
1.

S ln

2.

S ln

3.

S ln

4.

S ln

161

S LIU

5.

S ln

6.

S ln

7.

S ln

c40 Tng s lt ngi tham d cc bui trong nm qua l

bao nhiu?

Lt ngi

c41 a phng c cc hot ng thc t no thu ht ngi dn

tham gia v mi trng trong nm qua khng?

C/khng

Nu c th, cc hot ng g?
1.

S ln

2.

S ln

3.

S ln

4.

S ln

5.

S ln

6.

S ln

c42 Tng s lt ngi dn tham gia cc hot ng trong nm

qua l bao nhiu?

Lt ngi

c43 a phng c cc chng trnh gio dc v NS&VSMT dnh

cho hc sinh trong nm qua khng? (phi hp vi cc thy
Hiu trng)

C/khng

Nu c th, 1. T chc c bao nhiu bui

2. Bao nhiu lt hc sinh tham d
c44 a phng c cc hot ng thc t no thu ht hc sinh
tham gia v mi trng trong nm qua khng?

Bui
Lt ngi
C/khng

c45 Nu c th, cc hot ng g?

1.

S ln

2.

S ln

3.

S ln

4.

S ln

162

5.
6.
c46 Tng s lt hc sinh tham gia cc hot ng trong nm
qua?

Lt ngi

c47 Cc chng trnh phng s, tuyn truyn thng qua cc phng tin truyn thng i
chng trong nm qua?
1. Cc chng trnh v NS&VSMT trn tivi

S ln

2. Cc chng trnh v NS&VSMT trn radio

S ln

3. Cc chng trnh v NS&VSMT trn bo ch

S ln

4. Cc chng trnh tuyn truyn khc?

a.
b.
c.
10. S THAM GIA CA T CHC, ON TH
Stt

Cc t chc, on th v vai tr i vi vn NS&VSMT

a phng?

n v tnh

c48

Cc t chc, on th tham gia vo cc vn NS&VSMT a phng trong nm qua?

(gch cho vo thch hp)
1. Hi Ph n

C/khng

2. Hi Nng dn

C/khng

3. on Thanh nin

C/khng

4. Hi Cu chin binh

C/khng

5. Mt trn T quc

C/khng

6. Cc t chc gio dc

C/khng

7. Cc t chc y t

C/khng

8. Cc t chc v c nhn t nguyn

C/khng

163

S LIU

8. Khc (c th):

c49

C/khng

Nu c th, cc on th ny tham gia vo cc hot ng ch yu g?

1. Gp kin v cc vn NS&VSMT cn c ci thin

C/khng

2. Gp kin cho cc chng trnh, d n v NS&VSMT

C/khng

3. Tham gia gim st, nh gi cc chng trnh, d n v

NS&VSMT

C/khng

4. L thnh vin chnh thc ca cc chng trnh, d n v

NS&VSMT

C/khng

4. Ch tr hoc l thnh vin ch cht ca cc phong tro vn

ng ngi dn tham gia cc hot ng v NS&VSMT a
phng

C/khng

5. Khc (c th)

C/khng

11. CC KIN XUT

c50 Xin cho bit cc xut u tin nht v vn NS&VSMT i vi a phng l g?
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
GHI CH: Thm vo cc thng tin cn thiu
II. BN THU THP S LIU nm 2009 DNG CHO CC CNG TRNH CP NC SCH
(Mi cng trnh 1 phiu)
n v tnh

stt

THNG TIN C BN

c1

Tn cng trnh:

c2

Tn thn/xm, ni cng trnh c xy dng:

164

S LIU

c3

Nm ph duyt

Nm

c4

Cp ph duyt (x, huyn, tnh, trung ng)

Cp

c5

Ngun nc cp l g?
1. Nc mt

C/khng

2. Nc ngm

C/khng

3. H thng bm dn

C/khng

4. H thng cp nc t chy

C/khng

c6

Ngy khi cng

Ngy/thng/nm

c7

Ngy hon thnh

Ngy/thng/nm

c8

Cng sut thit k

m3/ngy m

c9

Cng sut khai thc hin ti

m3/ngy m

c10

S h/ngi c cp nc theo thit k?

c11

1. S h c cp nc theo thit k

2. S ngi c cp nc theo thit k

Ngi

S h/ngi c cp nc theo thc t hin nay?

1. S h c cp nc theo thc t hin nay

2. S ngi c cp nc theo thc t hin nay

Ngi

c12

Tng s ng h c lp t cc h dng nc

ng h

c13

Tng gi tr u t cho cng trnh

Triu ng

Trong , 1. Ngn sch Nh nc (Trung ng v a

phng)

Triu ng
Triu ng

2. Ngun ti tr quc t

Triu ng

3. Ngun u t tn dng
4. Ngun dn ng gp v t u t

Triu ng
Triu ng

5. Ngun u t ca t nhn

165

c14

c15

c16

c17

Sut u t bnh qun xy dng cng trnh cp nc/ngi

1. Tng kinh ph u t cho xy dng mi cng trnh

Triu ng

2. S ngi c cp nc t cng trnh theo thit k

Ngi

M hnh qun l ca cng trnh cp nc

1. M hnh cng ng

C/khng

2. M hnh hp tc x

C/khng

3. M hnh Trung tm NS & VSMTNT tnh

C/khng

4. M hnh t nhn

C/khng

5. M hnh doanh nghip

C/khng

Ngun nhn lc ca cng trnh cp nc

1. Tng s lao ng hin ang lm vic ti cng trnh

Ngi

2. Tng s ngi c trnh k s

Ngi

3. Tng s ngi c trnh trung cp

Ngi

4. Tng s ngi l lao ng k thut c qua o to

Ngi

5. C ngi tham gia cc kha tp hun k thut hng

nm

C/khng

Ban qun l
1. S ngi trong Ban qun l

Ngi

2. Tng s ngi c trnh k s

Ngi

3. Tng s ngi c trnh trung cp

Ngi

4. Tng s ngi l lao ng k thut c qua o to

Ngi

5. S ngi tham gia cc kha tp hun hng nm

Ngi

c18

C xy dng Qui ch v cng tc qun l cng trnh (nu

c th xin bn photocopy)

C/khng

c19

Hiu sut hot ng (Cng sut hin ti/Cng sut thit k)

c20

1. C thu tin nc (nu c th xin bng gi)

C/khng

166

2. Nu c thu tin th gi nc sinh hot dnh cho h l:

a. T

m3 n

m3 u tin

ng/ m3

b. T

m3 n

m3 tip theo

ng/ m3

3. Nu c thu tin th gi nc sinh hot dnh cho c quan l:

a. T

m3 n

m3 u tin

ng/ m3

b. T

m3 n

m3 tip theo

ng/ m3

4. Nu c thu tin th gi nc kinh doanh l:

a. T

m3 n

m3 u tin

ng/ m3

b. T

m3 n

m3 tip theo

ng/ m3

c21

T l tht thot nc (tnh theo ng h nc)

c22

C xt nghim cc ch tiu sinh ha ca nc nh k theo

qui nh

C/khng

c23

Cc thng s k thut v cht lng nc c kim tra, nh gi nh k?

c24

c25

1. Mu sc

Mg/Pt

2. Mi, v (khng mi, v l)

Cm quan

3. c (NTU: Nephelometric Turbidity)

NTU

4. Cc thng s nh lng c bn khc

Theo ch tiu

a.
Chi ph khch hng phi tr lp t n ng h?

ng

b.
Trong , 1. ng h nc

ng

c.

ng

2. Chi ph khc

d.
a.

ng

e.
b.

ng

f.
c.

ng

g.
iu kin lp t ng h nc dnh cho khch hng
(xin
h. bn photo cc th tc qui nh)

167

1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
c26

Xin cho bit 3 xut u tin nht i vi cng trnh ny l g?

1.
2.
3.

GHI CH: Thm cc thng tin cha bit

III. BN THU THP S LIU nm 2009 DNG CHO CC CNG TRNH THU GOM RC (Mi
cng trnh 1 phiu)
n v tnh

stt

THNG TIN C BN

c1

Tn thn/xm, ni cng trnh t vn phng

Tn

c2

Tn cng trnh

Tn

c3

Nm ph duyt

Nm

c4

Cp ph duyt (x, huyn, tnh, trung ng)

Cp

c5

Ngy bt u hot ng

Ngy/thng/nm

c6

Cng sut thit k

m3/ngy m

c7

Cng sut khai thc hin ti

m3/ngy m

c8

S h c thu gom rc theo thit k

c9

S h c thu gom rc hin nay

c10

Tng gi tr u t cho cng trnh

Triu ng

Trong , 1. Ngn sch Nh nc (Trung ng v a

phng)

Triu ng

2. Ngun ti tr quc t

Triu ng

168

S LIU

c11

c15

c16

c17

3. Ngun u t tn dng

Triu ng

4. Ngun dn ng gp v t u t

Triu ng

5. Ngun u t ca t nhn

Triu ng

Sut u t bnh qun xy dng cng trnh thu gom rc/ngi

1. Tng kinh ph u t cho xy dng mi cng trnh

Triu ng

2. S h c thu gom rc t cng trnh theo thit k

M hnh qun l ca cng trnh thu gom rc

1. M hnh cng ng

C/khng

2. M hnh hp tc x

C/khng

3. M hnh Trung tm NS & VSMTNT tnh

C/khng

4. M hnh t nhn

C/khng

5. M hnh doanh nghip

C/khng

Ngun nhn lc ca cng trnh thu gom rc

1. Tng s lao ng hin ang lm vic ti cng trnh

Ngi

2. Tng s ngi c trnh k s

Ngi

3. Tng s ngi c trnh trung cp

Ngi

4. Tng s ngi l lao ng k thut c qua o to

Ngi

5. C ngi tham gia cc kha tp hun k thut hng

nm

C/khng

T chc qun l
1. S ngi trong Ban qun l

Ngi

2. Tng s ngi c trnh k s

Ngi

3. Tng s ngi c trnh trung cp

Ngi

4. Tng s ngi l lao ng k thut c qua o to

Ngi

5. S ngi tham gia cc kha tp hun hng nm

Ngi

169

c18

6. C xy dng Qui ch v cng tc qun l rc thi (nu

c th xin bn photocopy)

C/khng

Trang thit b ca cng trnh thu gom rc

S
lng

Cng
sut
xe 1

Cng
sut
xe 2

Cng
sut
xe 3

1. Xe chuyn dng p rc
2. Xe ch rc th s
3. Cc phng tin khc
a.
b.
c.
c19

c20

1. C thu tin rc (nu c th xin bng gi) khng?

C/khng

Nu c, 2. Mc ph ca h (rc sinh hot) l?

ng/thng

3. Mc ph ca h (rc kinh doanh) l?

ng/thng

4. Mc ph ca t chc, c quan l?

ng/thng

5. Khc (c th):

ng/thng

Rc c c phn loi bc u khng?

C/khng

Nu c, rc c phn loi nh th no?

1. Tch ti ring ti ni lng, giy vn, chai l

C/khng

2. Phn loi khc

a.

C/khng

b.

C/khng

c.

C/khng

3. Vic phn loi do tng h thc hin hay do ngi thu gom rc thc hin khi thu gom? (gch
cho vo thch hp)
a. Tng h thc hin

170

b. Ngi thu gom rc thc hin

c24

iu kin khch hng (h, t chc) c tham gia vo mng li thu gom rc l g?
(xin bn photo cc th tc qui nh)
a.
b.
c.

c25

Rc sau khi thu gom s c bi rc no?

1. Tn v a ch bi rc:
2. Khong cch t ni gom rc n bi rc

Km

3. Rc c x l ti bi rc nh th no?
a.
b.
c.
c26

Chi ph phi tr cho vic s dng bi rc? (xin bn photo hp ng)

1. S tin phi tr theo
2. Cc trch nhim khc
a.
b.
c.

c27

Xin cho bit 3 xut u tin nht i vi cng trnh ny l g?

1.

1.

1.

2.

2.

2.

3.

3.

3.

GHI CH: Thm cc thng tin cha bit.

171

IV. BN THU THP S LIU nm 2009 DNG CHO CC BI RC

(Mi cng trnh 1 phiu)
stt

THNG TIN C BN

c1

Tn bi rc:

c2

Tn a phng, ni t bi rc:

n v tnh

1. Thn/xm

Tn

2. X/th trn

Tn

3. Huyn

Tn

c2

Nm ph duyt

Nm

c3

Cp ph duyt (x, huyn, tnh, trung ng)

Cp

c4

Ngy khi cng

Ngy/thng/nm

c5

Ngy hon thnh

Ngy/thng/nm

c6

Cng sut thit k ca bi rc

c9

c10

1. Din tch bi rc

m2

2. Kh nng tip nhn rc

m3/ngy m

3. Thi gian bi rc y

Nm

Cng sut khai thc hin ti ca bi rc

1. Din tch bi rc

m2

2. Kh nng tip nhn rc

m3/ngy m

3. Thi gian c tnh bi rc s y

Nm

Phm vi tip nhn ngun rc (nh cho vo thch hp)

1. Trong x/th trn
2. Cc x trong huyn
3. Cc huyn/thnh ph trong tnh

c11

Tng gi tr u t cho bi rc

Triu ng

172

S LIU

Trong , 1. Ngn sch Nh nc (Trung ng v a phng)

c14

c15

c16

c17

Triu ng

2. Ngun ti tr quc t

Triu ng

3. Ngun u t tn dng

Triu ng

4. Ngun dn ng gp v t u t

Triu ng

5. Ngun u t ca t nhn

Triu ng

Sut u t bnh qun xy dng bi rc/ngi

1. Tng kinh ph u t cho xy dng mi bi rc

Triu ng

2. S ngi c s dng bi rc theo thit k

Ngi

M hnh qun l ca bi rc
1. M hnh cng ng

C/khng

2. M hnh hp tc x

C/khng

3. M hnh t nhn

C/khng

4. M hnh doanh nghip

C/khng

5. Khc (ghi r)

C/khng

Ngun nhn lc ca cng trnh bi rc

1. Tng s lao ng hin ang lm vic ti bi rc

Ngi

2. Tng s ngi c trnh k s

Ngi

3. Tng s ngi c trnh trung cp

Ngi

4. Tng s ngi l lao ng k thut c qua o to

Ngi

5. C ngi tham gia cc kha tp hun hng nm

C/khng

Ban qun l
1. S ngi trong Ban qun l

Ngi

2. Tng s ngi c trnh k s

Ngi

3. Tng s ngi c trnh trung cp

Ngi

4. Tng s ngi l lao ng k thut c qua o to

Ngi

173

5. S ngi tham gia cc kha tp hun hng nm

Ngi

c18

C xy dng Qui ch v cng tc qun l cng trnh (nu

c th xin bn photocopy)

C/khng

c19

Hiu sut hot ng (Cng sut hin ti/Cng sut thit k) %

c20

1. C thu ph s dng bi rc khng?

C/khng

(nu c th xin bng gi)

ng/ m3

2. Nu c th ph phi tr l bao nhiu?

3. Cch tnh khc (c th):
c21

Cc thng s k thut c bn ca bi rc hin nay

-

c22

Cc bin php x l v sinh mi trng ti bi rc c thc hin nh th no?

-

c23

Bi rc c phn loi rc thi khng?

C/khng

Nu c, rc c phn loi mc no?

1.
2.
3.

174

4.
c24

Nu c, ai l ngi phn loi rc? (gch cho vo thch hp)

1. Cng nhn bi rc
2. Ngi dn bn ngoi sng nh vo bi rc
3. Khc (c th):

c25

Xin cho bit 3 xut u tin nht i vi cng trnh ny l g?

1.
2.
3.

GHI CH: Thm cc thng tin cha bit

KHUNG PHNG VN SU V THO LUN NHM
V. PHNG VN SU
TN:
N V:
CP (tnh, huyn, x):
1. CHC NNG QUN L NH NC, NGUN LC V NNG LC THC THI CA N V
2. THNG TIN V NC
NH GI V THC TRNG V NGUYN NHN - VN CHUNG V CA N V
CC K HOCH/QUI HOCH SP TI
CC XUT V GII PHP
3. THNG TIN V RC THI RN
NH GI V THC TRNG V NGUYN NHN - VN CHUNG V CA N V
CC K HOCH/QUI HOCH SP TI
CC XUT V GII PHP
4. THNG TIN V NC THI
NH GI V THC TRNG RC THI RN M N V C TRCH NHIM
CC K HOCH/QUI HOCH SP TI
CC XUT V GII PHP

175

5. THNG TIN V CC LNH VC V SINH MI TRNG KHC

NH GI V THC TRNG V NGUYN NHN - VN CHUNG V CA N V
CC K HOCH/QUI HOCH SP TI
CC XUT V GII PHP
6.CC HOT NG TP HUN V TRUYN THNG
7. CC CU CHUYN NI BT CN GHI LM HP IN CU TRONG BO CO
8. NHN XT CA PHNG VN VIN
II. THO LUN NHM
1
2
3
4
5
5.1

TN NHM:
A BN (x, huyn):
S NGI:
GII TNH: NAM:
, N:
NGUN NC CUNG CP
CC VN V NC TI A PHNG

5.2 CC KT QU T C V NHNG VN CN TN TI
5.3 NGUYN NHN T CC BN LIN QUAN
5.4 GII PHP XUT I VI CC VN TRN
5.3 CC KIN NGH V MT CHNH SCH
6
X L RC THI RN
6.1 CC VN V RC THI TI A PHNG
6.2 CC KT QU T C V NHNG VN CN TN TI
6.3 NGUYN NHN T CC BN LIN QUAN
6.4 GII PHP XUT I VI CC VN TRN
6.5 CC KIN NGH V MT CHNH SCH
7
X L NC THI
7.1 CC VN V NC THI TI A PHNG
7.2 CC KT QU T C V NHNG VN CN TN TI
7.3 NGUYN NHN T CC BN LIN QUAN
7.4 GII PHP XUT I VI CC VN TRN
7.5 CC KIN NGH V MT CHNH SCH
8
CC VN KHC V V SINH MI TRNG TI A PHNG
8.1 CC VN NI BT V CCH GII QUYT
8.2 CC HOT NG TRUYN THNG V TP HUN TI A PHNG

176

8.3 VAI TR CA CC ON TH, CNG NG I VI VN NC, RC V V SINH

MI TRNG
8.4 CC XUT/KIN NGH
9

CC CU CHUYN NI BT CN GHI LM HP IN CU TRONG BO CO

10

NHN XT CA PHNG VN VIN

PH LC 5: BNG HI H GIA NH
BN THU THP KIN H GIA NH
Knh tha ng (B)!
Cuc kho st ca chng ti nhm tm hiu cc vn v i sng, nc, rc thi
v mi trng a phng. c c thng tin st vi thc t, chng ti mi
ng (B) tham gia tr li mt s cu hi sau y. Mi thng tin v cc gia nh s
c gi kn v ch dng cho mc ch nghin cu khoa hc, phc v cng tc
pht trin ca tnh nh. Mong ng (B) vui lng hp tc. Chng ti xin chn thnh
cm n.
H v tn ch h: .
Thn/xm:
X/thtrn:
Huyn:
Ngy phng vn
Ngi phng vn..
Ngi c ..
I. THNG TIN CHUNG
C1. Thng tin v cc thnh vin thng xuyn sinh sng trong nh, k c khng cng chung kinh
t, nhng KHNG ghi nhng ngi vng mt lu di.
Stt Tn

(1)
1

(2)

Qua
n h

Gii
tnh

Tui

D
n
tc

Hc
vn

Ngh chnh

Ngh ph

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

CH

2
3
4
5
6

177

Tnh
trng
sc
khe
(10)

Bnh
thng
thng
thng qua
(11)

7
8
9
10
(1): Khoanh trn s th t ca ngi tr li
(2): Ch ghi tn, khng ghi h tn y
(3): CH=ch h; 1=v/chng ch h; 2=con rut; 3=du/r; 4=cha/m; 5=chu ni/ngoi; 6=anh
ch em rut; 7=khc
(4): Nam=1; N=2
(5): Ghi tui dng lch
(6): Dn tc: 1=Kinh; 2= Dn tc khc
(7): 1=Cp 1 tr xung; 2=Cp 2; 3=Cp 3; 4=Trung cp; 5=H, C tr ln
(8)&(9): 1=Nng, lm, ng nghip; 2=lm ngh ph TTCN; 3=Bun bn, dch v; 4=cng nhn
hp ng, th t do; 5=Cng chc, vin chc, nhn vin nh nc, s quan qun i, doanh
nghip c hp ng chnh thc; 6=Khng lm vic (k c gi, hu, ni tr, bnh tt); 7=Hc sinh,
sinh vin; 8=Cn nh; 9=Khc.
(10): 1=Rt khe; 2=Khe; 3=Bnh thng; 4=Yu; 5=Rt yu; 9=Khng bit
(11): 1=Khng c bnh; 2=au bng; 3=Tiu chy; 4=Dch t, 5=Nhc u; 6=Bnh khc (c th)
C2. Xin cho bit gia nh ng/b c thuc danh sch h ngho c tr cp ca a phng hay
khng?
1. C

2. Khng

C3. Xin cho bit gia nh ng/b c thuc danh sch h gia nh chnh sch, gia nh c cng
cch mng ca a phng hay khng?
1. C

2. Khng

C4. a. Cn nh m gia nh ang thuc loi no sau y?

Nh xy kin c (c tm)

Nh bn kin c (c xy gch)

Nh tm b (tranh, tre, l, v.v.)

Loi khc: ..........................................

b. Khong cch t nh n ng chnh, ni xe t c th i li c: ....m

C5. Nh tiu ca h ng (b) thuc dng no sau y:
1. Nh tiu t hoi

2. Nh tiu thm di nc

3. Nh tiu 2 ngn phn ti ch

4. Nh tiu chm c ng thng hi

5. Loi nh tiu khc:

178

6. Khng c nh tiu

C6. H gia nh ng/b c s dng in thp sng khng?

1. C

2. Khng

C7. H gia nh ng/b c nui gia sc (heo, tru, b, d) khng?

1. C

2. Khng

, chuyn sang cu 9

C8. Nu c nui th h gia nh ng/b c bin php x l nc thi, phn khng?

1. C xy hm bio-gas x l nc thi, phn

2. t nhin lm phn bn

3. Cch khc (c th): ..

4. Khng lm g c

C9. H gia nh ng (b) s dng ngun nc ch yu no cho sinh hot hng ngy?
Stt

Ngun nc
(chn 1 ngun chnh cho mi mc ch s dng)

Nc my do cc nh my nc sch cung
cp

Ging khoan

Ging o

Nc ma

Nc sng/h/ao/knh/mng/rch

Nc sui dn t ni

Nc mua x tc

Nc ng bnh

Ngun khc (c th):

Dng
ung
(a)

Dng
nu n
(b)

C10. Nu h gia nh ng (b) c s dng ging khoan (xem mc 2 C9) th:

a. su trung bnh ca ging l: .m
b. Cch bm nc l:

1. Bm tay
2. Bm my

C11. Nu h gia nh ng (b) s dng nc ging o (xem mc 3 C9) th:

a. su ca ging o l: .....m
b. Mc nc trung bnh:
1. Vo ma kh l: .....m

179

Dng
tm git
(c)

Dng
ti cy
(d)

2. Vo ma ma l:..m
c. Cch ly nc l:

1. Dng gu

2. Bm my

i vi nhng h khng dng ging khoan (xem mc 2 C9) th:

d. V sao h ng (b) khng dng ging khoan?
1. Do di mt t nhiu

2. Do nc mn

3. Do nc phn

4. Do khng c tin khoan ging

5. Do khng c nhu cu

6. Khc..

C12. a. H gia nh ng (b) c lm xt nghim nc trc khi s dng khng?

1. Khng lm xt nghim

, chuyn sang cu tip theo

2. C lm xt nghim

b. Nu c lm xt nghim th xt nghim ngun nc no v kt qu ra sao?

Ngun nc c xt nghim l: ..
Xt nghim thnh phn g: ....
C ch tiu no khng t chun khng: ...
C13. Xin ng (b) m t cc ngun nc m gia nh ng (b) ang s dng hin nay nh th
no?
Stt

nh gi v ngun nc
(chn 1 ngun chnh cho mi mc ch s dng)

Mu sc: 1=khng mu, 2=c mu (c th):

Mi: 1=khng c mi l, 2=c mi l (c th):

V: 1=khng c v l, 2=c v l (c th):

4
5

c: 1=trong, 2=hi c, 3=c

nh gi chung v cht lng ngun nc
theo 5 mc: 1=tt; 2=kh; 3=trung bnh;
4=di trung bnh; 5=khng tt

ung
(a)

nu
n
(b)

Tm git
(c)

Ti
cy
(d)

C14. H gia nh ng (b) c dng cc bin php x l nc no trc khi s dng khng?
Stt
Bin php x l nc
(chn 1 ngun chnh cho mi mc ch s dng)

180

ung
(a)

Mc ch s dng
nu Tm git
n
(c)
(b)

Ti
cy
(d)

Khng, dng trc tip t ngun

C dng b lng trc khi dng

C dng b lc nhanh (ct, sn, than)

C dng my lc theo tiu chun

Khc

C15. H gia nh ng (b) c un si nc ung khng?

1. Thng xuyn

2. Thnh thong

3. Khng bao gi

C16. Nu h gia nh ng (b) s dng nc ging khoan, ging o ti nh th khong cch gn

nht n nh tiu, chung nui gia sc l bao nhiu mt?
Stt

Ngun nc l ging khoan, ging o

Khong cch gn nht (m) t ging khoan n

Khong cch gn nht (m) t ging o n

Nh tiu

Chung nui gia sc

C17. Nu khng c sn ngun nc ti nh m ng (b) phi ly nc t ni khc th:

1
2

Ngun nc chnh cch nh bao xa?

Vn chuyn nc bng phng tin chnh g? (ch chn 1 chnh)
(1=i b, 2=ghe; 3=xe p; 4=xe my; 4=xe t; 5=khc (c th)

Mt bao nhiu thi gian thi gian cho mi ln ly nc?

Mi ln vn chuyn c bao nhiu nc?

Mi tun phi ly nc my ln?

Ai l ngi i ly nc chnh? (ghi S th t ngi th my Cu 1) (1 )

S nc ny c s dng cho mc ch chnh no di y? (nhiu )

gi
lt
ln

1. Dng ung
2. Dng nu n
3. Dng tm git
4. Mc ch khc
8

C phi tr tin khng? (1=c; 2=khng)

Nu phi tr tin th gi tin phi tr l bao nhiu cho 1 ln ly nc trn?

ng

10

Cc chi ph khc (khng k mc 9) cho 1 ln ly nc v nh l bao nhiu?

ng

C18. H gia nh ng (b) thng dng cc phng tin no tr nc di y (3 chnh):

181

1. Lu, vi, thng

2. Bn cha nc trn cao

3. Bn cha nc trn mt t

4. Bn xy m di mt t

5. Khc (c th)..

C19. Tnh chung, mi ngy h ng (b) s dng khong bao nhiu lt nc dnh cho n, ung,
tm git v cc sinh hot khc trong gia nh (khng k dng ti cy hay v sinh chung tri
chn nui)?
S nc s dng l: lt/ngy
C20. Xin cho bit thu nhp ca tt c nhng ngi trong ngi nh ny trong nm qua.
Stt

Ngun thu

S tin (ng)

Thu t trng trt

Thu t chn nui

Thu t lm ngh ph gia nh

Thu t tin cng lao ng bn ngoi gia nh

Thu t cng vic bun bn, dch v

Thu t tin lng

Thu t tin hu tr, tr cp, gip ca ngi thn

Cc khon thu khc

Tng cng

C21. Xin cho bit cc khon chi tiu c bn trung bnh 1 thng ca nhng ngi trn.
Stt

Ngun thu

S tin (ng)

Chi cho n ung (tnh c gi tr t sn t tiu)

Chi cho tin hc hnh

Chi cho chm sc sc khe, au m

Chi cho tin in

Chi cho tin nc

Chi cho tin rc (vi h s dng dch v thu gom rc)

Chi cho tin xng xe, i li

Chi cho in thoi

Chi cho m tic trong v ngoi nh

182

10

Chi khc

11

Tng cng

II. THNG TIN V X L RC

C22. H gia nh ng (b) tham gia vo dch v thu gom rc khng? (1 )
1. C tham gia vo dch v thu gom rc

, hi tip C23

2. C dch v thu gom rc nhng khng tham gia

, chuyn sang C30

3. Khng c dch v thu gom rc

, chuyn sang C34

1. DNH CHO NHNG H C THAM GIA DCH V THU GOM RC

C23. Nu c tham gia, xin ng (b) cho bit vic thu gom rc c thc hin nh th no?
Stt

Cch thu gom rc

Chn la

Stt

Cch thu gom rc

Thu gom rc mi ngy

Thu gom rc 5 ngy/ln

Thu gom rc 2 ngy/ln

Thu gom rc 6 ngy/ln

Thu gom rc 3 ngy/ln

Thu gom rc mi tun

Thu gom rc 4 ngy/ln

Khc:

Chn la

C24. Khong cch trung bnh t nh n ni tp trung xe rc n ly l bao xa?

1. Xe rc n thu gom rc ngay trc nh (0m)

2. Mang n ni cch nh khong . m

C25. ng (b) nh gi nh th no v cht lng ca dch v thu gom rc?

Khng
y kin Rt
tt
1

Stt Cc lnh vc cn nh gi

Mc u n theo ngy thu gom rc

Mc ng gi theo gi thu gom rc

Cht lng ca phng tin thu gom rc

S thun tin ca mng li thu gom rc

S thun tin ca vic thu tin rc

Thi phc v ca ngi thu gom rc

Tnh trng v sinh ca vic thu gom rc

Cht lng dch v

Tt Trung
Km
bnh
2
3
4

C26. Theo ng (b), gi tin rc hin nay m h mnh phi ng hin nay l:
1. Qu cao

2. Tng i cao

183

Rt
km
5

3. Bnh thng

4. Tng i thp

5. Rt thp

C27. Nhn chung, ng (b) c hi lng v dch v thu gom rc hin nay khng?
1. Rt hi lng

2. Tng i hi lng

3. Bnh thng

4. Khng hi lng

5. Rt khng hi lng

C28. Theo ng (b) th tin rc phi tr mi thng l bao nhiu th nhng h khc c th tham gia
vo dch v thu gom rc nhiu hn?
1. . ng/h/thng
2. ..% thu nhp h/thng
Khng kin

99

C29. Theo ng (b), ni ca h gia nh ng (b) hin nay c cn phi pht trin dch v thu
gom rc hay khng? (1 )
Stt S cn thit ca dch v thu gom rc ti ni
nh du vo thch
hp
1

Rt cn thit v iu kin thc hin

Rt cn thit nhng iu kin v c s h tng thc hin

C cn thit nhng cha tht s bc bch

Hin cha cn thit nhng trong vng . nm na s cn

Hon ton cha cn thit

kin khc (c th):

(s nm)

2. DNH CHO NHNG H KHNG THAM GIA NI C DCH V THU GOM RC

C30. Xin ng (b) cho bit v sao h mnh khng s dng dch v thu gom rc? (ti a 3 )
Stt

L do khng s dng dch v thu gom rc

nh du vo thch
hp

T x l rc theo cch truyn thng m khng cn dch v ny

Nh cch xa ng i ca xe rc, im tp kt rc .m

Khng mun tn thm khon tin ng cho vic thu gom rc

Gi tin rc kh cao so vi thu nhp ca gia nh

C rt t rc nn khng tham gia dch v thu gom rc

184

Th tc phin phc

Thi phc v khng chu o

Lch thu gom rc khng thun tin

C31. H gia nh ng (b) khng s dng dch v thu gom rc th x l nh th no? (1 )

1.
2.
3.
4.

Chn
Vt ra vn
xung ao, h, sng, sui

5. Vt ra ngoi t nhin

6. S dng lm phn bn
7. Khc:.

C32. Theo ng (b), ni ca h gia nh ng (b) hin nay c cn phi pht trin dch v thu
gom rc hay khng?
Stt S cn thit ca dch v thu gom rc ti ni
nh du vo thch
hp
1

Rt cn thit v iu kin thc hin

Rt cn thit nhng iu kin v c s h tng thc hin

C cn thit nhng cha tht s bc bch

Hin cha cn thit nhng trong vng . nm na s cn

Hon ton cha cn thit

kin khc (c th):

(s nm)

C33. Theo ng (b), tin rc phi tr mi thng bao nhiu th ng (b) c th tham gia vo dch v
thu gom rc?
1. . ng/h/thng
2. ..% thu nhp h/thng
Khng bit, khng kin

99

3. DNH CHO NHNG H NI CHA C DCH V THU GOM RC

C34. H gia nh ng (b) hin nay ang x l rc thi nh th no? (1 )
1. t

5. Vt ra ngoi t nhin

2. Chn

6. S dng lm phn bn

3. Vt ra vn

7. Khc:.

4. xung ao, h, sng, sui

C35. Theo ng (b), ni ca h gia nh ng (b) hin nay c cn phi pht trin dch v thu
gom rc hay khng?
Stt

S cn thit ca dch v thu gom rc ti ni

Rt cn thit v iu kin thc hin

Rt cn thit nhng cha iu kin v c s h tng thc

185

nh du vo thch
hp

hin
3

C cn thit nhng cha tht s bc bch

Hin cha cn thit nhng trong vng . nm na s cn

Hon ton cha cn thit

kin khc (c th):

(s nm)

C36. Nu c dch v thu gom rc ti ni ca h gia nh ng (b) hin nay th ng (b) c sn

sng tham gia khng?
1. S tham gia ngay

2. Nu nhiu ngi tham gia th mnh cng tham gia

3. ch xem nu dch v tt th s tham gia

4. Khng tham gia v khng c nhu cu

5. Khc (c th).

C37. Theo ng (b), tin rc phi tr mi thng bao nhiu th ng (b) c th tham gia vo dch v
thu gom rc?
1. .ng/h/thng
2. ..% thu nhp h/thng
Khng bit, khng kin

99

III. THNG TIN V NC

1. DNH CHO H NHM A H ANG S DNG NC MY
C38. H gia nh ng (b) s dng nc my theo cch no di y: (1 )
1. C ng h nc ring

2. Gn ng h ph t ng h ca h khc

3. S dng cy nc cng cng

4. Xin nc my nh ngi khc dng

5. Khc (c th):

C39. s dng c ngun nc my, h ng (b) phi tn bao nhiu cho chi ph ban u?
(nhiu )
Stt

Cc khon chi ph cho vic gn ng h nc

Tr cho cng trnh cp nc gn ng h nc

ring

Cng gp vo s dng ng h nc vi h khc

ng gp s dng cy nc cng cng

Chi ph lp t ng ng trong nh

Chi khc:

Tng cng

186

S tin (ng)

C40. a. ng (b) nhn xt nh th no v mc chi ph lp t ban u ny i vi h mnh? (1 )

1. Qu cao

2. Tng i cao

3. Ph hp

b. Nu chn qu cao th xin cho bit khon chi no l bt hp l nht

C41. a. ng (b) nhn xt th no v th tc v cc qui nh c lp t ng h nc? (1
)
1. Rt thun li

2. Tng i thun li

3. Cha thun li

b. Nu chn cha thun li th xin cho bit nhng vn cha thun li l g? (3 )

1. Th tc phc tp

2. Thi gian xt duyt lu

3. Qui nh thiu thng nht

4. Kh tip xc, tm hiu

5. i li nhiu ln

6. Thi phc v khng chu o

7. Khc

Nu chn khc xin ghi c th:

C42. Lng nc my m h ng (b) s dng bnh qun mi thng l ..m3
C43. a. H gia nh ng (b) c phi tr tin nc my khng?
1. C

2. Khng

, chuyn sang cu tip theo

b. Nu c tr th s tin phi tr trung bnh mi thng l.. ng

C44. a. ng (b) nhn xt nh th no v gi nc my phi tr hin nay? (1 )
1. Qu cao

2. Tng i cao

3. Ph hp

b. Nu chn qu cao th xin cho bit mc hp l nht l bao nhiu? ...ng/m3

C45. Ngun nc my ang s dng hin nay c nhng hn ch g? (nhiu )
Stt
(1)

Hn ch ca ngun nc my
(2)

Nc c

Nc c mu (c th)

C/khng
(3)

187

Mc
(4)

Thng cao im
(5)

Nc c mi l (c th)

Nc c v l (c th)

Nc yu

Cht lng nc khng n nh

Nc b gin on

ng h khng chnh xc

Tht thot nc cao

10 Khc (c th)
(3): 1=c; 2=khng
(4): 1=nhiu; 2=va phi; 3= t.
(5): Ghi cc thng cao im xy ra cc tnh trng trn
C46. Nu gi nc my tng ln (hoc thu tin i vi trng hp min ph hin nay) th h gia
nh ng (b) s lm g? (1 )
1. Ngng, khng s dng ngun nc my na

2. Tit gim lng nc tiu th

3. o/khoan ging

4. Dng ngun nc khc

5. Vn s dng nh mc tiu th hin nay

C47. Theo ng (b) th t khi s dng nc my, cc bnh lin quan n s dng nc nh dch
t, au bng, tiu chy, bnh ngoi da ca nhng ngi trong gia nh mnh c gim bt
khng? (chn 1 )
1. Gim rt nhiu

2. Gim ng k

3. Cng vy

C48. Nhn chung, ng (b) c hi lng v ngun nc my c cung cp khng? (chn 1 )

1. Rt hi lng

2. Tng i hi lng

3. Khng hi lng

4. Khng c kin

C49. Theo ng (b), nhng khu quan trng nht m cng trnh cp nc cn quan tm nng
cao cht lng phc v l g? (chn ti a 3 )
1. Ci tin th tc ng k lp t v thu tin nc

2. Nng cao cht lng ngun nc

3. n nh cht lng ngun nc

188

4. Nng cao p lc ng nc

5. Gim s c mt nc

6. Gim tht thot nc

7. Nng cao thi phc v ca nhn vin

8. Khc (c th)..

C50. Theo ng (b), chnh quyn nn c cc chnh sch h tr cho nhng vng kh khn hoc
nhng h ngho ngi dn c th s dng ngun nc my hay khng?
Stt
nh du Stt
nh du
a. i vi vng kh khn
a. i vi h kh khn
thch
thch
hp
hp
1

u t cng trnh nc
sch

Lp t ng h min ph

Tr cp 1 phn chi ph vn
hnh

H tr 1 phn ph lp t

H tr ph t lp ng
ng

H tr 1 phn gi nc

Lp vi nc cng cng

Lp vi nc cng cng

Khc

Khc

Khng nn

Khng nn

99

Khng bit, khng kin

99

Khng bit, khng kin

III. DNH CHO H NHM B H KHNG S DNG NI C NC MY

C51. Xin ng (b) cho bit v sao h mnh khng s dng dch v cung cp nc my? (ti a 3
)
Stt

L do khng s dng dch v cung cp nc my

Khng c nhu cu v c cc ngun nc ang dng hin

nay

Cha c ng ng nc chnh chy n khu vc ny

C ng ng nc chnh nhng cha cho kt ni dng

Ngun cung cp nc cp ht cng sut

Nh cch xa ng ng nc chnh..m, khng kt ni

c

Chi ph lp t c ng h nc cao

Chi ph lp t ng ng t ng h nc vo nh cao

Th tc xin lp t ng h nc phc tp

Cht lng nc my khng tt hoc khng n nh

189

nh du vo thch
hp

10

Nc my chy yu

11

Ngun nc my cung cp khng n nh

12

Thi nhn vin phc v khng chu o

13

Tin nc phi tr hng thng cao

14

Vic thu tin nc khng thun tin

15

Khc (c th):

C52. Theo ng (b), ni ca h gia nh ng (b) hin nay c cn pht trin dch v cung cp
nc my hay khng?
Stt S cn thit ca dch v cung cp nc my ti ni
nh du vo thch
hp
1

Rt cn thit v iu kin thc hin

Rt cn thit nhng cha iu kin v c s h tng thc

hin

C cn thit nhng cha tht s bc bch

Hin cha cn thit nhng trong vng . nm na s cn

Hon ton cha cn thit

kin khc (c th):

(s nm)

C53. ng (b) c nhn xt nh th no v cht lng v nh hng ca nc my i vi sc

khe ca con ngi?
Stt
nh du vo thch hp
Cc kin
ng
Khng
Khng

ng
kin
1

Cht lng nc my tt hn nc ging, ao, h, sng,

sui

Nc my gip hn ch cc loi bnh tiu ha

3
4

Nc my gip hn ch cc loi bnh ngoi da

Nc my gip hn ch cc bnh mn tnh do ngun nc
cha c x l b nhim cc c t

C54. Theo ng (b), tin nc phi tr mi thng bao nhiu th ng (b) c th tham gia vo dch
v cung cp nc my?
1. . ng/h/thng
2. ..% thu nhp h/thng
Khng bit, khng kin

99

C55. Theo ng (b), chnh quyn nn c cc chnh sch h tr cho nhng vng kh khn hoc
nhng h ngho ngi dn c th s dng ngun nc my hay khng?
Stt
nh du Stt
nh du
a. i vi vng kh khn
a. i vi h kh khn
thch
thch
hp
hp

190

u t cng trnh nc
sch

Lp t ng h min ph

Tr cp 1 phn chi ph vn
hnh

H tr 1 phn ph lp t

H tr ph t lp ng
ng

H tr 1 phn gi nc

Lp vi nc cng cng

Lp vi nc cng cng

Khc

Khc

Khng nn

Khng nn

99

Khng bit, khng kin

99

Khng bit, khng kin

IV. DNH CHO H NHM C NI CHA C NC MY

C56. Theo ng (b), ni ca h gia nh ng (b) hin nay c cn pht trin dch v cung cp
nc my hay khng?
Stt S cn thit ca dch v cung cp nc my ti ni
nh du vo thch
hp
1

Rt cn thit v iu kin thc hin

Rt cn thit nhng cha iu kin v c s h tng thc

hin

C cn thit nhng cha tht s bc bch

Hin cha cn thit nhng trong vng . nm na s cn

Hon ton cha cn thit

kin khc (c th):

(s nm)

C57. ng (b) c nhn xt nh th no v cht lng v nh hng ca nc my i vi sc

khe ca con ngi?
nh du vo thch hp
ng
Khng
Khng

ng
kin

Stt
Cc kin
1

Cht lng nc my tt hn nc ging, ao, h, sng,

sui

Nc my gip hn ch cc loi bnh tiu ha

3
4

Nc my gip hn ch cc loi bnh ngoi da

Nc my gip hn ch cc bnh mn tnh do ngun nc
cha c x l b nhim cc c t

C58. Trong thi gian ti, nu c nc my, ng (b) c nh s dng ngun nc my cho
sinh hot ca gia nh mnh hay khng?

191

Stt

Mc sn sng s dng ngun nc my nu c

S ng k s dng ngay khi c ng ng nc

S cn nhc kh nng chi tr ca gia nh ri mi s dng

Hin gi cha c nh s dng nc my

Khng bit, khng kin

nh du vo thch
hp

C59. Nu s dng th ng (b) c nh s dng ngun nc my cho cc mc ch g ca gia

nh? (nhiu )
Stt Mc ch s dng
nh du vo Stt
nh du vo
thch hp
thch hp
1

ung

ra chn bt, nh ca

nu n

ti cy

tm ra

chn nui

git qun o

Sn xut nh

C60. Vi cc mc ch trn, ng (b) c lng s s dng khong bao nhiu nc trong

1thng?
Lng nc c th s dng trong 1 thng khong: lt.
C61. Theo ng (b), tin nc phi tr mi thng bao nhiu th ng (b) c th tham gia vo dch
v cung cp nc my?
1. . ng/h/thng
2. ..% thu nhp h/thng
Khng bit, khng kin

99

C62. Theo ng (b), chnh quyn nn c cc chnh sch h tr cho nhng vng kh khn hoc
nhng h ngho ngi dn c th s dng ngun nc my hay khng?
Stt
nh du Stt
nh du
a. i vi vng kh khn
a. i vi h kh khn
thch
thch
hp
hp
1

u t cng trnh nc
sch

Lp t ng h min ph

Tr cp 1 phn chi ph vn
hnh

H tr 1 phn ph lp t

H tr ph t lp ng
ng

H tr 1 phn gi nc

Lp vi nc cng cng

Lp vi nc cng cng

Khc

Khc

Khng nn

Khng nn

99

Khng bit, khng kin

99

Khng bit, khng kin

192

C63. ng (b) c nguyn vng g lin quan n vn nc sch, rc thi, v v sinh mi

trng i vi ni v gia nh mnh khng?

XIN CHN THNH CM N S CNG TC CA NG (B)

NHN XT NHANH CA IU TRA VIN V MT S TNH CHT NI BT

193