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HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CNG TY TNHH CNG NGH HI HA


HARMONY TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD
TC GI: PHM CNG THNH

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LI NI U LM MI ..................................................................................................................................6 CHNG 1. TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D ...............................................................................................7 GII THIU CHUNG V AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D ................................................................................................................. 7
What's New ................................................................................................................................................................ 7 Source Code Samples ................................................................................................................................................. 7 Programming Tools and Setup ................................................................................................................................... 7 Documentation .......................................................................................................................................................... 8 Support ...................................................................................................................................................................... 8 Training ...................................................................................................................................................................... 9

NG DNG ........................................................................................................................................................ 9 GII THIU GIAO DIN LM VIC ..................................................................................................................... 10 MT S THAO TC C BN KHI LM VIC VI AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009 ......................................................... 11 D LIU CA AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009................................................................................................................... 12 Mt s nh dng file d liu dng trong Autocad Civil 3D. ....................................................................... 12 THIT LP BAN U MT BN V .................................................................................................................... 13 CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG .................................................................................14 LI NI U ..................................................................................................................................................... 14 M BN V MU ............................................................................................................................................. 14 NHP IM ...................................................................................................................................................... 16 TO MT THIT K ........................................................................................................................................... 17 THIT K TUYN ............................................................................................................................................... 21 THIT K TRC DC .......................................................................................................................................... 24 Xut trc dc t nhin................................................................................................................................. 24 Thit k trc dc .......................................................................................................................................... 25 MT BNG TUYN CORRIDOR ....................................................................................................................... 29 Thit k Assembly........................................................................................................................................ 29 To m hnh tuyn ...................................................................................................................................... 33 To cc mt sau thit k ............................................................................................................................. 36 Kim tra s b khi lng ........................................................................................................................... 38 NG NG PIPE ......................................................................................................................................... 38 XUT MT CT NGANG .................................................................................................................................... 40 Xut mt ct ngang .................................................................................................................................... 40 Xut bng khi lng theo mt ct ............................................................................................................ 43 CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST ....................................................................47 TNG QUAN V MENU SURVEY ................................................................................................................................ 47 THIT LP D LIU ........................................................................................................................................... 48 To mi d n ............................................................................................................................................. 48 Thit lp thng s ca my o v cc d liu hnh hc .............................................................................. 48
Thng s ca my o ............................................................................................................................................... 48 c tnh d liu hnh hc ......................................................................................................................................... 49

NHP D LIU .................................................................................................................................................. 50 Nhp d liu t Field Book File ................................................................................................................... 51


Ch , ti li d liu khi cn thit ............................................................................................................................. 53

Nhp d liu t th Toolspace Survey ........................................................................................................ 55


To im gc Control Points ................................................................................................................................. 55 To hng gc Directions: .................................................................................................................................... 55 To cc d liu ti mt trm my ............................................................................................................................ 56

Creating Survey Data Using the Traverse Editor ......................................................................................... 58 To d liu kho st qua cng c Survey Command Window .................................................................... 58 CALCULATING AN AZIMUTH IN THE ASTRONOMIC DIRECTION CALCULATOR...................................................................... 58 PHN TCH D LIU BNH SAI. ............................................................................................................................... 59

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T MI: ............................................................................................................................................................. 61 ANALYZING AND REDUCING SURVEY DATA................................................................................................................. 63 Querying Survey Data ................................................................................................................................. 64 Performing Traverse Analysis ...................................................................................................................... 66 NGN NG LNH TT DNG TRONG FILE *.FBK .......................................................................................................... 68 Point Creation Commands .......................................................................................................................... 68 Point Location Commands .......................................................................................................................... 71 Point Editing Commands ............................................................................................................................. 73 Figure Commands ....................................................................................................................................... 74 Intersection Commands .............................................................................................................................. 77 Equipment Correction Commands .............................................................................................................. 78 Baseline Commands .................................................................................................................................... 80 Centerline Commands ................................................................................................................................. 80 AutoCAD Related Commands ...................................................................................................................... 81 Miscellaneous Commands........................................................................................................................... 82 GII THCH MT S FILE C XUT SAU KHI BNH SAI ................................................................................................. 82 File: fv1.trv .................................................................................................................................................. 82 1.lso ............................................................................................................................................................. 83 Ba1.trv ......................................................................................................................................................... 83 CHNG 4: POINT .........................................................................................................................................85 TM HIU I TNG POINT ................................................................................................................................... 85 DESCRIPTION KEYS ................................................................................................................................................ 85 Tm hiu Description keys............................................................................................................................ 85 To nhm im ........................................................................................................................................... 86 Nhp im vo bn v - Point ..................................................................................................................... 87 Transfer point: Chuyn i nh dng file d liu im .............................................................................. 91 Xem xet mt s nh dng file d liu im c sn: ................................................................................... 91 CHNG 5: SURFACE - B MT .....................................................................................................................93 Cc kiu b mt ........................................................................................................................................... 93 To mt mt kiu Tin surfaces .................................................................................................................... 94
To mi mt mt ..................................................................................................................................................... 94 Hng dng chy-Water Drop ................................................................................................................................. 95 Xy dng b mt t DEM File .................................................................................................................................. 96

Xem xt cc thit lp ca b mt Hiu chnh Settings ca Surface. ......................................................... 96


Surface Styles ........................................................................................................................................................... 96 Label Styles............................................................................................................................................................... 97 Table Styles .............................................................................................................................................................. 97

iu c v cha c:............................................................................................................................ 97 CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT ...............................................................................................................................99 Qu trnh to Alignments ............................................................................................................................ 99 To Alignment bng Alignment Layout Tools ........................................................................................... 100
To on cong trn cng vi phn chuyn tip t mt on Alignment thng - To add a floating curve with a spiral (from entity, radius, length) off a line. ......................................................................................................... 102

To Alignment bng ng Polyline......................................................................................................... 102 To Alignment bng cch Import XML file. ............................................................................................... 103 Hiu chnh li tuyn ................................................................................................................................... 103 Xem xt cc thit lp ca Alignment Hiu chnh Settings ca Alignment. ............................................. 104
ng dng thay i Settings hiu chnh hin th ca cc Label trn Alignment. ................................................ 104

THIT K K THUT TUYN .............................................................................................................................. 107 Li ni u ................................................................................................................................................ 107 Thit k siu cao........................................................................................................................................ 107
V d tnh siu cao quanh mp gii phn cch gia cho ng 4 ln: ................................................................... 115 Mt vi ch .......................................................................................................................................................... 117

Thit k m rng bng trong ng cong ................................................................................................ 118


M rng bng theo tiu chun Vit Nam .............................................................................................................. 119

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC ................................................................................................................ 121 Ty bin hin th trc dc .......................................................................................................................... 121 V d hiu chnh mt trc dc ................................................................................................................... 122
Hiu chnh li ....................................................................................................................................................... 123 Hiu chnh li trc dc t nhin ............................................................................................................................. 129 Hiu chnh ng : ............................................................................................................................................ 129 Hiu chnh cc thanh d liu trc dc .................................................................................................................... 130

CHNG 8: ASSEMBLIES & SUBASSEMBLY .................................................................................................. 136 CHNG 9: CORRIDOR - M HNH MT BNG TUYN ................................................................................ 137 Assembly Thit k trc ngang theo mu ................................................................................................ 137
Subassembly: Cc b phn cu thnh nn mt mu trc ngang ............................................................................ 137 Thit k mt mu trc ngang chun v lu vo trong thanh ToolPalettes ............................................................ 137 Mt s mu Subassembly c sn trong Catalog h tr thit k nng cp ............................................................. 137

T nh ngha thnh phn trc ngang SubAssembly ................................................................................ 138 View/ Edit Corridor Section ....................................................................................................................... 139 Viewing and Editing the Divided Highway Corridor .................................................................................. 139 Creating Corridor Surface .......................................................................................................................... 144 Rendering Corridors .................................................................................................................................. 146 CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG ............................................................................ 147 CC I TNG CHNH TRONG MT PIPE NETWORK ................................................................................................. 147 TM HIU CC MU SN TRONG PART CATALOG........................................................................................................ 148 Cc mu Pipe............................................................................................................................................. 148 Cc mu Structure ..................................................................................................................................... 149 TO MI MT PARTS LITS: ................................................................................................................................... 149 Cc thng s kch thc ca Pipe ............................................................................................................. 151
Gii thch ngha: ................................................................................................................................................... 151

Cc thng s kch thc ca Structure...................................................................................................... 152


Gii thch ngha .................................................................................................................................................... 152

Ch : ........................................................................................................................................................ 153 THIT K MNG NG NG PIPE NETWORK ........................................................................................................ 154 Cc bc thit k Pipe network: ............................................................................................................... 154
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. To Surface v Alignment ............................................................................................................................ 154 To cc kiu hin th cho Pipe, Structure trong mt bng, trc dc v trc ngang ...................................... 154 To Part List v cc mu ring t Part Builder nu cn thit, to Part Rules............................................... 154 To Pipe Network trn mt bng ................................................................................................................ 154 Kim tra phm vi nh hng giao ct (Checking for Intereferences) .......................................................... 154 Thit k hnh chiu ng ca Pipe Network ................................................................................................ 155 p Part Rules cho cc b phn ca mng .................................................................................................... 155 To nhn, bng thng k cc b phn ......................................................................................................... 155 a Pipe Network ra cc trc ngang khi bm theo Alignment .................................................................... 155

Thit k Pipe Network trn mt bng ....................................................................................................... 155 Thm i tng vo mng ....................................................................................................................... 155 TM HIU PART BUILDER ...................................................................................................................................... 155 Tng quan v Part Builder ......................................................................................................................... 155 Placement Points....................................................................................................................................... 155 CHNG 11: CROSS SECTIONS & VOLUNMES MT CT NGANG V KHI LNG ................................... 157 HIU CHNH BNG TRC NGANG TRONG CIVIL 3D...................................................................................................... 157 CREATING SAMPLE LINES...................................................................................................................................... 158 Kim tra li style: Finished Grade ca Corridor-6a .................................................................................... 160 SECTION VIEW PROPERTIES. ................................................................................................................................. 161 TNH TON CC LOI KHI LNG ............................................................................................................... 163 Reviewing Quantity Takeoff Settings ........................................................................................................ 163 Calculating Quantity Takeoff Volumes...................................................................................................... 165 CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO - (CNG MC CH T) ............................................. 170

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STEP 1: THIT K M PHNG NT GIAO BNG CC NG POLYLINES .......................................................................... 170 SEP 2: TO CC NG ALIGNMENTS C TRNG T CC NG POLYLINES............................................................... 171 STEP 3: THIT K NG CA TRC NG CHNH .............................................................................................. 172 STEP 4: THIT K NG CA TRC NG NHNH ............................................................................................ 172 Thit k mt ct ngang v to m hnh b mt cho ung chnh. ........................................................... 172 Thit k ng cho ng nhnh ....................................................................................................... 176 STEP 5: THIT K NG CHO CC NG GII HN NGOI CA NT GIAO .............................................................. 178 Xy dng m hnh mt bng ph cho ng nhnh ................................................................................ 178 Thit k ng cho ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao. .................................................................... 180 STEP 6: LY CAO CHO NG BELLMOUTH......................................................................................................... 181 STEP 7: XY DNG CC MT CT TIU BIU CHO NT GIAO. ........................................................................................ 182 STEP 8: TO CORRIDOR TI NT GIAO .................................................................................................................... 185 STEP 9: HON THNH M HNH NT GIAO............................................................................................................... 195 CHNG 13: GRADING THIT K M HNH SAN LP & TNH TON KHI LNG SAN LP. ..................... 200 HIU MT S VN KHI LM VIC ........................................................................................................................ 200 Cc hp thoi: ........................................................................................................................................... 200
Create Feature lines ............................................................................................................................................... 200 Assign Elevations .................................................................................................................................................... 200 Weeding Factors .................................................................................................................................................... 201 Site Properties: ....................................................................................................................................................... 202 Thanh cng c Grading Creation Tools .................................................................................................................. 202

TO NG FEATURE LINE................................................................................................................................... 203 To Feature line ........................................................................................................................................ 203


Vch ng Feature line ........................................................................................................................................ 203

CHNG 14: PARCEL QUY HOCH CHIA L .............................................................................................. 204 NHNG CH TRONG THIT K PARCEL .................................................................................................................. 204 CHNG 15: MAP IN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D .................................................................................................... 205 CHNG 16: SHARING THE MODEL ............................................................................................................. 206 PH LC 1: MT S RC RI V LI V CNH BO ..................................................................................... 207 MT VI LI CNH BO TRONG HP THOI PANORAMA: ............................................................................................ 207 Warning .................................................................................................................................................... 207 Imformation .............................................................................................................................................. 207 DRAWING RECOVERY........................................................................................................................................... 207 PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG ................................................................................................ 211 LABEL STYLE COMPOSER ...................................................................................................................................... 211 Th Information: ....................................................................................................................................... 211 Th General: .............................................................................................................................................. 211 PROFILE VIEW PROPERTIES .................................................................................................................................... 212 Bands ........................................................................................................................................................ 212 Band Type ................................................................................................................................................. 212 Select Band Style ....................................................................................................................................... 212
Add >> .................................................................................................................................................................... 212 List of Bands ........................................................................................................................................................... 213 Location.................................................................................................................................................................. 213

PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH .................................................................................................................. 220 PHC V SURVEY MENU ...................................................................................................................................... 220 PHC V THIT K NG TRONG CIVIL 3D............................................................................................................. 222 NHNG VN CN TM HIU THM ......................................................................................................... 227

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LI NI U

LI NI U Lm mi
Ngy 25 12 2007, chnh thc bt u nghin cu tip phn mm AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009. Vi mong mun trc thng 4-2009 ti s a ra mt ti liu hng dn s dng phn mm AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 y , a ra mt la chn mi, mt gii php cho cc d n c s h tng. y xin gi ln trc mt phn nh mi ngi quan tm tham kho v ng gp kin, bn tho ny cn kh ln nhn mong mi ngi thng cm. i vi nhng ngi bt u lm quen vi AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009, hy tm hiu phn 1& 2 trc sau ty vo nhu cu ca mnh m c th tm hiu lun mt phn bt k m khng phi theo th t no c. Mi ng gp xin lin h: PHM CNG THNH Cty TNHH Cng ngh Hi Ha P904, 185 Ging V Mobile: 0912944028 Email: vqtvnndh.pct@gmail.com & thinh_pc@harmonytech.com.vn

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CHNG 1. TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

CHNG 1. TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D


Gii thiu chung v AutoCAD Civil 3D
AutoCAD Civil 3D is a powerful civil engineering tool incorporating a dynamic engineering model that allows elements to be automatically updated in response to changes in your design. Using AutoCAD Civil 3D as a platform, you can take advantage of industry-standard development tools and technologies when building applications. Learn more about the latest AutoCAD Civil 3D features at the AutoCAD Civil 3D product center. What's New AutoCAD Civil 3D API now facilitates access to the speed-based design features for alignments and profiles. You can specify whether an alignment or profile uses a design criteria file. Complex curves in alignment geometric entities are now accessible via the API. New objects and methods have also been added to the Alignment and Profile APIs. There is a new API in Pipes which provides access to the original model network part from the AeccGraphProfileNetworkPart object. Several Label objects have been added to the API in this release, making it possible to create and access labels programmatically. These improvements have greatly extended the functionality and flexibility of the AutoCAD Civil 3D API. Source Code Samples Since AutoCAD Civil 3D is based upon AutoCAD, you can take advantage of all the AutoCAD source code samples for ActiveX (COM Automation), VB/VBA, Visual Lisp, and .NET that are included with the installation of AutoCAD Civil 3D software in the Samples directory. The Civil 3D API subdirectory contains samples in VB, VBA, C++, C# and VB.NET. Programming Tools and Setup Because AutoCAD Civil 3D software is based on AutoCAD software, it also includes VBA, the most popular programming environment in the world, and Visual LISP. Using the ActiveX (COM Automation) interface in AutoCAD Civil 3D software, you can build applications with a variety of programming technologies and environments including MSVC++, VB, Delphi, and Java.

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CHNG 1. TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009


A separate, lightweight C++ API is provided for overriding the graphical display of AutoCAD Civil 3D objects so that developers can customize the drawing and display of these objects. AutoCAD Civil 3D provides .NET Interop assemblies that expose the ActiveX interfaces so that they can be programmed using .NET technologies, such as VB.NET, managed C++, and C#. .NET assemblies are also available for creating custom subassemblies. Although AutoCAD Civil 3D does not expose an ObjectARX API, applications built with the AutoCAD ObjectARX SDK or the AutoCAD Map ObjectARX SDK will run within AutoCAD Civil 3D. Documentation Extensive application development documentation for the ActiveX (COM Automation) API is built into the AutoCAD Civil 3D Help system. The Help system also contains information on C++ and .NET application development. The following resource will help you get started with programming Civil 3D. It assumes familiarity with AutoCAD Civil 3D and general programming concepts.

DevTV: Introduction to Civil 3D Programming NEW ! A self-paced video tutorial demonstrating how to get started developing with Civil 3D. View online | Download

Support Public discussion groups provide an open forum for sharing knowledge and receiving support. Join the AutoCAD Civil 3D General Discussion Group or the AutoCAD Civil 3D Customization Discussion Group. Because AutoCAD Civil 3D software is based on AutoCAD software, you might also find useful software development information in the following AutoCAD Development Discussion Groups:
Visual LISP, AutoLISP, and General Customization Issues? VB/VBA/ActiveX CustomizationVB/VBA/ActiveX Customization ObjectARX Customization

If you would like personalized API support and consulting at your facility, send us an e-mail. If you need more professional support, consider joining the Autodesk Developer Network.

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CHNG 1. TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009


Training Check to see if there are any AutoCAD Civil 3D instructor-led training classes currently scheduled. To register for a scheduled instructor-led training class or to request that a new class be scheduled, send us an e-mail. We also offer webcast sessions on the API. These sessions, which usually last about 3 hours, are led by our API experts who deliver the classroom-based training classes. If you would like personalized API training at your facility, send us an e-mail.

NG DNG
AutoCAD Civil 3D c ng dng rt rng tu vo ngi s dng n, c bit c s dng ph bin cho thit k quy hoch, cc cng trnh dng tuyn nh: Thit k ng ngoi th ng cao tc ng th Thit k nt giao thng Thit k nng cp Thit k knh, , p Thit k h thng ng dn

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CHNG 1. TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

GII THIU GIAO DIN LM VIC

3 4 1 5 2
Giao din ca Autodesk Civil 3D cng rt trc quan, c nn ca AutoCad v cc thanh cng c h tr gip ngi dng thao tc cc tc v mt cch nhanh chng nht. Cc thnh phn c bn trong giao din s dng Autodesk Civil 3D l: 1. Toolspace: Dng qun l cc i tng, bao gm 2 th: Prospector qun l tp hp cc i tng v Settings qun l v hiu chnh thuc tnh ca i tng. 2. Item view: Hin th danh sch vi ni dung ca cc i tng khi c la chn trong Toolspace. 3. Standardized menus: Bao gm cc menu cha cc nhm lnh y cho tng cng vic c th. AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 bao gm thm mt s menu trong Land Desktop c. 4. Layout-tools 5. Panorama: Thanh cng c hiu chnh tng hp cc i tng c c tnh Edit *** Geometry

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CHNG 1. TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

MT S THAO TC C BN KHI LM VIC VI AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009


C vi thao tc c bn s s dng nhiu trong qua trnh lm vic vi AutoCAD Civil 3D nh sau: - Khi ci t, ngi dng la chn a ch lu th mc Civil 3D Project, th mc ny s lu cc d n trong qu trnh lm vic, ta s thy ng dng ca n trong cc chng sau. - xem hay tm mt i tng, kch chut phi vo i tng trong thanh cng c qun l (Toolspace, Panorama, Item view ) - chn Zoom to - Hiu chnh cc thit t ca i tng (cch thc th hin ca i tng: mu sc, v tr, kch thc ) ta s dng th Settings trn thanh Toolspace - Hiu chnh i tng vi thanh cng c Panorama: chn biu tng thanh cng c Layout tools. trong

- Chn mt nhm i tng (thuc nhn)(*): kch chut tri vo mt nhn, cc nhn cng nhm s cng c la chn. - Chn mt ring l nhn thuc nhm: Bm Ctrl + kch chut tri vo cc nhn cn chn, cc nhn khc trong nhm s khng c chn. (iu ny ch c trong Civil 2009). nhn (label) v d nh tn ca mt mt ct hoc tn cc trong mt bng tuyn, tc l trong Alignment (Civil 3D). - Trong cc giai on chuyn su nh tnh ton khi lng o p, lu lng dng chy nn kt hp vi Excel c mt k qu tt hn v nhanh hn, trong cc bng tnh trong civil 3D nh hnh di, kch chut phi vo bng chn Copy to Clipboard.
(*)

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CHNG 1. TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009


-

- Khi lm quen vi Civil 3D hay Autodesk Land Desktop, sau tng giai on thit k nn xut sang nh dng LandXML qun l v c th lm d liu song song cho cc phn mm khc. Hu ht cc phn mm thit k xy dng khc hin nay c th c v xut kt qu ra cc file nh dng LandXM. - Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D cc nhn ca i tng (v d nh tn cc ti v tr tip u) c k hiu thng thng vit tt bi thut ng ting Anh, c th thay i ta lm nh sau: trn thanh Toolspace\ th Settings\ Kch chut phi vo tn bn v chn Edit Drawing Setting, trong hp thoi Drawing Setting chn th Abbreviations. - Cc li trong qua trnh thao tc (Error Codes): Xem t trang 100 file Civil_ug trong th mc Help sau khi ci t chng trnh.

D liu ca AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009.


D liu u vo ca AutoCAD Civil 3D c th l cc dng sau: - Tp cao trnh. - Tp d liu kho st (*.fbk), d liu kho st nhp tay dng s o. - Cc dng s ha. - Cc i tng 3D ca AutoCAD: text, block, polyline. - D liu xut ra t Land Desktop.

Mt s nh dng file d liu dng trong Autocad Civil 3D.


DEM, DGN, DWFTM, E00, LandXML, SDTS v SHP

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CHNG 1. TNG QUAN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009

THIT LP BAN U MT BN V

AutoCAD Civil 3D s dng 2 h o lng l h o lng Anh (feet) v h o lng mt (m). Khi lm vic cn thng nhp chung mt h o lng cho cc gi tr, nh cao , khong cch, n v o Khuyn co, sau khi la chn h o lng, nn s dng cc bn v mu (template) c sn trong th mc Template ca chng trnh s dng. thay i li h o lng ta lm vic vi hp thoi Drawing Settings: Trong th Settings trn thanh Toolspace, kch chut phi vo tn bn v v chn Edit Drawing Settings Trong hp thoi Drawing Settings, thay i h n v s dng trong th Units-Zone v th Ambient Settings.

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG LI NI U


V d ny s tin hnh lm th mt bi n gin trong Civil 3D lin quan n bi ton thit k ng, trong qu trnh lm ta s dn hiu thm cc khi nim c bn v i tng ca Civil 3D tng ng vi cng vic thc t nh th no. Bi ton s i qua cc phn chnh sau: M mt bn v mu mu (Drawing Templete). Nhp im (Point). To b mt (Surface), nhp d liu vo b mt, thay i mt s dng hin th ca b mt (Surface Style) Vch tuyn (Alignment) Thit k trc dc (Profile) Mt bng tuyn (Corridor) Thit k ng ng (Pipe) Xut trc ngang (Section) v khi lng.

Cc bc lm khng i vo chi tit m ch yu l theo cc bc. Trong qu trnh lm, c th kt qu ca cc bn s khc vi kt qu th hin trong bi, tuy nhin iu ny khng quan trng, quan trng l ta nm c bn c cc bc lm, hiu s qua cc i tng ca phn mm tng ng vi cng vic no ngoi thc t, sau xem thm trong cc chng sau hon thin kh nng ng dng.

M BN V MU
Khi ng chng trnh AutoCAD Civil 3D. M mt bn v mu, chn kiu file l Drawing Templete (*.dwt) v tm n file mu c to sn lu trong th mc Chuong 2 ca a hng dn _AutoCAD Civil 3D (Metric) TCVN nh di hnh 2.1: Save As bn v sang mt th mc khc, trong v d ny ly tn bn v l: Chuong 2 ban ve 1:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.1: M bn v mu.

Kim tra n v v t l ca bn v: Trong th Settings ca thanh Toolspace, kch chut phi vo tn bn v, chn Edit Drawing Settings Trong hp thoi Drawing Settings, khi xem xt cc th s thy n v s dng l h mt v t l bn v y l 1:1000

Hnh 2.2: Kim tra n v v t l bn v.

Chn OK kt thc hp thoi.

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

NHP IM
- Trn thanh Toolspace chn th Prospector - Kch chut phi vo Points, chn Create, xut hin thanh cng c Create Points:

Hnh 2.3: Create Points.

M rng thng s Default Layer v chuyn t lp 0 v lp V-NODE. - Chn Import Points, xut hin hp thoi Import Points nh sau :

Hnh 2.4: Import Point.

Kch OK kt thc thao tc nhp im

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG


Zoom All nu khng thy im xut hin. Kt qu ta c nh sau:

Hnh 2.5: Bn v sau khi c nhp im.

TO MT THIT K
Trong thanh Toolspace chn th Prospector tab: Kch chut phi vo i tng Surface chn Create Surface:

Hnh 2.6: To mt.

Chn kiu mt l TIN surface v t tn l EG. Kch OK kt thc hp thoi trn.


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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG


M rng cy i tng Surface s thy mt EG va to, m rng tip mt EG, chn Definition, kch phi chut vo Point Group, chn Add, xut hin hp thoi sau:

Hnh 2.7: Nhp nhm im vo bn v.

Chn _All Point, kch OK kt thc cng vic.

Hnh 2.8: B mt EG.

Hnh 2.8 cho ta thy b mt EG sau khi nhn ton b im trong bn v lm d liu. Kiu hin th cho b mt (surface style) dng cc ng ng mc (Contours 2m and 10m (Background)) c nhn nh trong hnh 2.6. Kiu hin th ny ta c th
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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG


t to mi v hiu chnh chng, ta c th xem qua mt vi kiu nh sn trong bn v mu nh sau: Trong nhn Prospector trn thanh Toolspace, kch vo Surface. phn Item view (xem hnh 1.1 chng 1) s thy ton b danh sch cc mt c to ra, kch vo tn ca Surface Style ang hin hnh nh hnh di y:

Hnh 2.9: Thay i Surface Style.

Lc ny sut hin hp thoi Select Surface Style:

Hnh 2.10: Cc mu Surface Style sn trong Drawing Templete.

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG


Kch vo biu tng , trn thanh tri xung ta c cc dng hin th b mt c nh ngha sn, tt c cc kiu ny c qun l chnh trong th Setting ca thanh cng c Toolspace:

Hnh 2.11: Xem Surface Styles trong th Settings trn thanh Toolspace.

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

THIT K TUYN
Trong Alignments menu, chn Create Aligment by layout, xut hin hp thoi sau:

Hnh 2.12: Create Alignment by Layout.

Chn cc thit lp trong th General nh trn hnh, khng quan tm n th Design Criteria vi. Kch Ok tip tc. Trn thanh Alignment Layout Tools, kch vo mi tn nh trong hnh di y:

Hnh 2.13: Alignment Layout Tools.

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.14: Cc la chn thit k s b Alignment.

Trn danh sch tri xung chn Curve and Spiral Setting v la chn cc thng s nh trong hnh v, kch OK tip tc:

Hnh 2.15: Curve and Spiral Setting.

Lp li thao tc trn thanh Alignment Layout Tools v chn phn TangentTangent (With curves) trong hnh 2.14 vch tuyn ng thi t ng b tr ng cong lun. Vic thit lp cc thng s trong ng cong nm c th hn nh th no ta s xem trong Chng 6. Ta vch s b mt tuyn gm hai cnh tuyn bng cch kch ln m hnh a hnh 3 nh ca tuyn. Kt qu s ging nh trong hnh di y:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.16: Vch tuyn.

Trn thanh cng c Alignment Layout Tools, chn vo biu tng Alignment Grid View, trong hp thoi hin ra ta s xem xt c ton b cc thng s hnh hc v tuyn va vch, ta c th hiu chnh cc thng s c hin sng:

Hnh 2.17: cc thng s hnh hc ca Alignment.

Ch : nu ta l tt thanh cng c Alignment Layout Tools, ta c th ly li bng cch kch chut phi vo Alignment v chn Edit Alignment Geometry hoc la chn chc nng ny trn Alignments menu.

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

THIT K TRC DC
Xut trc dc t nhin
Trong Profiles menu, chn Create Profile from Surface, xut hin hp thoi:

Hnh 2.18: Create Profile from Surface.

Trong hp thoi Create Profile from Surface, la chn Alignment l Tuyn AB va thit k, Surface l b mt EG. Kch vo nt Add>>, sau kch vo nt Draw in profile view, ta c:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.19: Create Profile View.

Trong hp thoi Create Profile View, th General, chn cc thng s nh trn hnh, kch nt Create Profile View v chn mt im ngoi bn v chn bng trc dc, kt qu c nh sau:

Hnh 2.20: Trc dc t nhin.

Thit k trc dc
Thit k trc dc hay thit k ng ca tuyn. Trong Profiles menu, chn Create Profile by Layout Trong hp thoi cu lnh Command xut hin dng nhc: Select Profile view to create profile, kch chut vo khung trc dc (khng kch vo ng trc dc t nhin), xut hin hp thoi:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.21: Create Profile Draw New

Trong hp thoi Create Profile-Draw New, t tn cho ng thit k v la chn cc thit lp trong th General nh trn hnh, khng quan tm n cc thng s trong th Design Criteria. Kch OK tip tc, s xut hin hp thoi:

Hnh 2.22: Profile Layout Tools ng 01.

Ta nhn thy thanh cng c Profile Layout Tools y gn tng t vi thanh cng c Alignment Layout Tools. Tng t ta cng kch vo mi tn trong biu tng thit lp cc thng s cho ng cong ng: v chn Curve Setting

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.23: Vertical Curve Settings.

OK kt thc hp thoi, trn thanh cng c Profile Layout Tools, chn Draw Tangents With Curves v thit k s trc dc gm hai cnh nh sau:

Hnh 2.24: ng .

Zoom ln ta c th xem thng s ng cong ng lm qua nhn ca Profile (TCVN Profile label set).

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.25: Thng s ng cong ng.

Ta s thm mt s thng tin y cho bng trc dc nh sau: Kch phi chut vo bng trc dc v chn Profile View Properties,

Hnh 2.26: D liu bng trc dc.

Trong hp thoi Profile View Properties, chn th Bands, chn Import band set v chn TCVN Profile View Band Set. Kch Ok n khi thot ht hp thoi. Kt qu bng trc dc s c nh hnh di y:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.27: Kt qu thit k trc dc.

MT BNG TUYN CORRIDOR


Thit k Assembly
Mt Assembly c th coi nh mt mu mt ct ngang, mt bng ca mt tuyn c th gm nhiu Assembly khc nhau. Sau ny khi ta hiu k hn v Corridor, ta s bit c trong mt Corridor c th gm nhiu Alignment, v mi Alignment trong li cha nhiu Assembly, v khi trong Corridor cng c thit k theo nhiu Profile khc nhau. Trn menu General chn Tool Palettes Window, lc ny trong chng trnh s xut hin thm mt thanh cng c Tool Palettes, kch chut phi vo phn tn ca thanh cng c ny v kch chn phn Civil 3D Metric nh hnh di:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG


Hnh 2.28: Tool Palettes.

i vi AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 tr i c th dng cc mu Assembly v d sn c trong th Assemblies Metric dng lun bng cch kch chn mt mu v kch ra ngoi bn v to Assembly. V d chn mu u tin Basic Assembly ta s c nh sau trong bn v:

Hnh 2.29: Basic Assembly.

Mt Assembly s c cu thnh bi nhiu Subassembly khc nhau tng ng vi cc i tng nh mt phn xe chy, l gia c, taluy, Ta s lm theo cc bc sau t to mt Assembly gn ging nh trn, tuy nhin y ta cng khng quan tm nhiu n cc thng s ca tng Subassembly. Trn menu Corridor, chn Create Assembly:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG


Hnh 2.30: Create Assembly.

t tn v thit lp cc thng s nh trn hnh. Kch OK kt thc hp thoi, kch mt im trn bn v trn trc gia Assembly v c dng nh hnh di y:

Hnh 2.31: Assembly.

y c coi l mt Assembly, tuy nhin cha hon chnh. Trn thanh Tool Palettes, chn th Metric Basic. Dng cc Subassembly sau: o BasicLane thit k mt ng. o BasicCurbAndGutter thit k k chn nc. o BasicSidewalk thit k l ng. o BasicSideSlopeCurDitch thit k taluy ng. Thao tc v d vi mt SubAssembly nh sau: Kch chn Subassembly BasicLane, xut hin hp thoi Properties ca Subassembly nh hnh sau, ch thuc tnh Side quy nh chiu chn Subassembly, ta hiu rng khi thit k na tri hay phi ca mt mt ct ngang th thuc tnh ny phi l nh nhau cho mi Subassembly:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.32: Cc thng s tng ng trong mt Subassembly.

Ngoi bn v xut hin hnh vung yu cu kch vo im lin kt trong Assembly v lu c rt nhiu im chn trong mt Assembly hay mt Subassembly v ta phi kch ng theo nhu cu, chn BasicLand l phn ni lin vi trc gia ca Assembly ta chn nh hng dn di hnh:

Hnh 2.33: Chn BasicLaneChn BasicLane.

Ta ch , im tri trn hoc phi trn c bao bi cc vng trn nh s l cc im chn cho cc Subassembly khc cng pha. Lm tng t cho cc Subassembly khc v lm c hai pha, kt qu cui cng ta s c nh hnh di y:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.34: Assembly Mt ct VD1 khi hon chnh.

To m hnh tuyn
Trn menu Corridors, chn Create corridors. Dng lnh Command s nhc ta chn Alignment, chn Profile, chn Assembly ln lt nh sau:
Select a baseline alignment <or press enter key to select from list>: Select a profile <or press enter key to select from list>: Select an assembly <or press enter key to select from list>:

Ta c th ln lt kch chn cc i tng trong bn v hoc kch chut phi hay phm bt k chn i tng trong danh sch nhm cc i tng v d nh hnh:

Hnh 2.35: Select a Profile.

Sau khi chn xong cc i tng, xut hin hp thoi sau:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.36: Create Corridor.

Trong hp thoi Create Corridor, t tn cho Corridor v chn vo nt Set all Targets, xut hin tip hp thoi nh hnh di:

Hnh 2.37: Set all Target.

Kch vo dng ch <Click here to set all> v chn mt EG trong hp thoi Pick a Surface.

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG


Kch OK n khi kt thc cc hp thoi, lc ny Corridor hay mt bng tuyn s c to ra trong bn v nh hnh di y:

Hnh 2.38: Mt bng tuyn sau khi hon tt.

Kch phi vo Corridor va to, chn Object Viewer, trong hp thoi Object Viewer ta c th xem m hnh nhiu hng khc nhau.

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.39: Quan st Corridor trong Object Viewer.

To cc mt sau thit k
Kt qu vic to cc mt ny s phc v ta khi thit k mng ng ng v tnh ton cc dng khi lng. Ta to hai mt: o Mt trn cng ca mt bng tuyn, v d mt ny s quy nh cao ca vo ca h ga. o Mt di cng ca mt bng tuyn, l mt khng bao gm kt cu o ng. Kch phi chut vo m hnh Corridor va to trn, chn Corridor Properties xut hin hp thoi sau:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.40: To mt trong Corridor Properties.

Thao tc cc bc ln lt nh trn hnh, ti bc 3 s chn Top v Datum. t li tn cho mt d nh hn. Sau khi c kt qu nh hnh trn, chuyn sang th Boundaries:

Hnh 2.41: To ng bao cho mt Corridor.

Kch OK kt thc cng vic.


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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG Kim tra s b khi lng


Trn menu Surfaces chn Utilities, chn Volumes, xut hin hp thoi:

Hnh 2.42: Khi lng s b.

Trong hp thoi Panorama, kch vo biu tng , chn mt chun, mt so snh trong th Surface Pair, ta nhn c cc khi lng bn th Volume. Khi thay i trc dc (thay i ng ) tc l s lm thay i mt chun, ta s nhn c s liu o p mi t thay i sau khi ta chn biu tng . y ch l khi lng tng khi so snh hai mt vi nhau, mt t nhin v mt sau thit k. Khi lng theo tng mt ct ngang s lm phn tip theo.

NG NG PIPE
Trn menu Pipes, chn Create Pipe Network by Layout, xut hin hp thoi nh hnh di y:

Hnh 2.43: Create Pipe Network. HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009 Cng ty TNHH Cng ngh Hi Ha Http://harmonytech.com.vn

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG


Chn cc thng s nh trn hnh, kch Ok kt thc hp thoi, lc ny s xut hin thanh cng c Layout Tools nh hnh di:

Hnh 2.44: Network Layout Tools.

Trong phn Structure list chn: Concentric Cylindrical Structure SI/ Concentric Structure 1,500 dia 530 frame 900 cone. Trong phn Pipe list chn: 1,050 mm RPC Trong phn Toggle Upslope/Downslope: Chn nh trong hnh. Trong phn Draw Pipes and Structures chn: Pipes and Structures. Trong dng lnh Command, nh lnh so Trong dng lnh Command xut hin cu nhc la trn Alignemtn >>Select alignment: kch chn vo Alignment (tim tuyn), nu la chn ng, ti dng lnh Command s hi l trnh chn mng ng ng: o >>Specify station along alignment: 100 tip tc. o >>Specify station offset: 3.6 tip tc.

Lp li bc trn cho l trnh 200m v 300m.

Ch : Khi kch chn Alignment nu khng chn c ta c th tm tt lp CROAD-CORR: Kt qu thit k c nh trong hnh di y:

Hnh 2.45: Pipe Network sau khi thit k.

Kch chn c Structure v Pipe, sau kch chut phi chn Object View, ta c th qua st mng ng ng di dng 3D nh sau:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.46: Xem mng ng ng trong Object Viewer.

XUT MT CT NGANG
Xut mt ct ngang
Trn menu Sections, chn Create Sample Lines Trong dng lnh Command xut hin dng nhc Select an Alignment, kch vo Alignment l Tuyn AB hoc kch chut phi chn trong hp thoi Select Alignment:

Hnh 2.47: Selec Alignment. HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009 Cng ty TNHH Cng ngh Hi Ha Http://harmonytech.com.vn

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG


Chn Tuyn AB, kch OK kt thc hp thoi trn, ng thi xut hin hp thoi Create Sample Line Group:

Hnh 2.48: Create Sample Line Group.

B du tch dng Network (1) nh trn hnh, lc ny khi xut mt ct ngang s khng c mt ct ng ng trong , tuy nhin do trn khi ta thit k ng ng ch mi thit k trn mt bng m cha thit k cc cao nn cha hon chnh. Kch OK kt thc hp thoi Create Sample Line Group, xut hin thanh cng c Sample Line Tools:

Hnh 2.49: Samplle Line Tools.

Kch vo biu tng thoi nh hnh di:

v chn From corridor stations, xut hin hp

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.50: Create Sample Lines From Corridor Stations.

C th kch OK kt thc lun cng vic.

Lc nay trn Corridor xut hin cc ng mt ct ngang, ta c th xut mt ct ngang ti mt ng mt ct no hay xut ton b mt ct ngang bng cch chn trong menu Sections, chn Create View xut mt mt ct ngang, hoc chn Create Multiple Views xut ton b. Nhm trc ngang c xut ra ngoi bn v nh sau:

Hnh 2.51: Cc mt ct ngang xut ra trong bn v.

Vic hiu chnh hin th cc thng s mt ct ngang theo cc mu ca Vit Nam cng c thc hin gn nh trong bng trc dc m ta xut ra. Xem thm trong Chng 10.

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG Xut bng khi lng theo mt ct


Kim tra li cc i tng sau khi hon thnh vic thit k s b mt tuyn bng cch m rng cc cy i tng trong th Prospector trn thanh Toolspace nh hnh di:

Hnh 2.52: Cc i tng sau khi thit k.

Ta xut bng khi lng o p theo mt ct qua cc bc nh sau: Vo menu Sections chn Compute Materials, xut hin hp thoi:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.53: Select a Sample Line Group.

Kim tra li cc i tng trong hnh 2.50, nu thy ng, kch OK thao tc tip.

Hnh 2.54: La chn dng tnh ton v mt so snh.

Trong hp thoi Compute Materials chn nh hnh trn: o Quantity takeoff criteria chn: Eathworks. o Existing Ground chn: EG. o Datum chn: Mt bng Tuyn AB (Datum)

Kch OK kt thc cng vic.

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG


Vo menu Sections, chn Add Tables v chn Total Volume, xut hin hp thoi nh hnh di:

Hnh 2.55: Cc thng s cho bng khi lng.

C th OK lun kt thc hp thoi, kch mt im ngoi bn v chn bng khi lng, ta s c kt qu nh trong hnh di y:

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CHNG 2. BI TON V D TRONG THIT K NG

Hnh 2.56: Bng khi lng o p theo mt ct.

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CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST

CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST


Tng quan v menu Survey

Hnh 3.1

Mi thao tc sau ny lin quan Survey s kt hp lm trn menu Survey v c trn thanh cng c Toolspace.

D n lin quan n kho st c chng trnh lu trong th mc Civil 3D Projects c t mc nh trong qu trnh ci t, v d khi bn to mi mt Survey Databases l th th tn ti mt th mc con th trong th mc Civil 3D Projects v cha cc d liu lin qua, t d liu nhp vo n cc file kt qu bnh sai. Mt d n kho st(v d nh d n th trn) bao gm cc phn sau: Networks: Network groups:

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CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST


Figures: Figure groups: Survey Points: Survey Point group:

Trong phn ny s lm theo bi tp tutorial trong Help Civil 3D

THIT LP D LIU
To mi d n
M th Survey trong thanh Toolspace, kch chut phi vo Survey Databases chn New local survey databaset tn l Survey 1.

Thit lp thng s ca my o v cc d liu hnh hc


Thng s ca my o Trong thanh Toolspace, chn th Survey, kch chut phi vo Equipment Databases collection, chn New. Trong hp thoi New Equipment Database, t tn cho thng s ca my (equipment database) l Survey 1. Chng trnh cng to mc nh cho ta mt dng vi tn l Sample. Nh vy y ta c th hiu l, vi mt d n (Survey 1) ta c mt nhm dng my phc v d n vi mi dng my hay dng c o v a hnh c cc thng s khc nhau nh v chnh xc, n v s dng, dng gc o qu trnh nhp d liu kho st u vo v tnh ton phn tch s liu sau ny s s dng cc thng s ny lm vic. To mi mt thng s cho dng c o c: kch chut phi vo nhm my (dng c) Survey 1, chn New. Trong hp thoi New Equipment, thuc tnh Miscellaneous t tn l Survey 1, ti y ta c th thay i cc thng s k thut cho dng my o c s s dng.
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CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST

Nh vy y ta c 2 nhm my l Survey 1 v Sample. cc cng tc sau ny s s dng thng s k thut ca nhm no ta kch chut phi vo nhm v chn Make current.

c tnh d liu hnh hc Kch chut phi vo Figure Prefix Databases, chn New. t tn cho dng d liu hnh hc ny l Survey 1 trong hp thoi New Figre Prefix.

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CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST


M rng phn Figure Prefix Databases, kch chut phi vo Survey 1 va to, chn New, trong hp thoi New Figure Prefix, trong ct Value i tn li l LOT, v chc chn rng thuc tnh Lot Line c chn, t li thuc tnh Site l Survey 1.

M rng phn Figure Prefix Databases, kch chut phi vo Survey 1 chn Make current.

NHP D LIU
D liu cu mt mng kho st (Network) bao gm cc thng s v cc im gc (Control points), d liu nh hng gc
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CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST


(Directions) hng gc c xc nh ch da vo ta mt im gc v gc, d liu v mt trm my (Setups). hiu chnh d liu no ta kich chut phi vo i tng chn Edit. i vi d liu v mt trm my bao gm mt phn v khai bo trm my (Station) v im nh hng cho trm my (Backsight), mt phn v cc im o trong trm my (Observations).

AutoCAD Civil 3D h tr 4 cch thc nhp d liu dng o c nh sau: Nhp d liu t file d liu chun nh dng *.fbk (Field book file). Thc t, file kho st th c th c phn m rng l *.txt thng thng, tuy nhin cu trc d liu trong phai phi m bo theo ng ngn ng lnh tt dng trong file kho st th ca Civil 3D. Nhp d liu t th Toolspace Survey. Nhp d liu s dng Traverse Editor. Nhp d liu bng cch s dng Survey Command Window.

Nhp d liu t Field Book File


File kho st s dng trong Civil c nh dng *.fbk, trc ht ta tm hiu mt file v d c sn trong Tutorial ca Civil 3D trong th mc C:\Program Files\AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009\Help\Civil 3D Tutorials\ Survey-1.fbk. M file ny ra bng Notepad v xem qua n. Trong d n Survey 1 va to trn trong Survey Databases, to mt mng d liu c tn l Survey Network 1 bng cch: kch chut phi vo Survey 1 chn New, trong hp thoi Netword t tn l Survey Network 1.

Kch chut phi vo mng d liu va to chn Import field book, trong hp thoi Field book file name (.FBK) chn n th mc cha file v d
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CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST


trn, sau s xut hin hp thoi Import Field Book, trong hp thoi ny ta s khng ch cc thng s k thut cho qu trnh nhp d liu nh mng d liu lu tr, dng my o ac, cc thnh phn s hin th trong bn v o Show interactive graphics o Erase survey points from drawing o Reset network figures o Insert network object o Insert figure objects o Insert survey points o Display tolerance errors in Event Viewer

Kt qu ca vic nhp file Survey Network 1 nh sau:

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D liu mt d n bao gm 3 phn chnh l Networks, Figures,Survey Points c ngha nh sau: Phn Networks: lu tr d liu v cc trm my chnh, my ph, cc hng nm ti mi trm my (xem hnh di). Phn Figures: lu tr d liu v hnh hc (xem hnh di). Phn Survey Points: d liu im thng thng (xem hnh di).

Ch , ti li d liu khi cn thit D liu nhp xong s lu vo th mc cha d n, c th l nm trong th mc Civil 3D Project, sau khi tt chng trnh v m li th tm thi chng trnh khng ti d liu ln trnh lm nng chng trnh khi khng cn thit, np li d liu ta lm nh sau:

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Kch chut phi vo d n Survey 1 chn Open survey database, khi ton b d liu s c np li chng trnh. Tuy nhin d liu li cha c hin th ln trn bn v, iu ny cng gip ta lm nh chng trnh khi khng cn thit. hin th cc d liu nh d liu v trm my im o, d liu hnh hc, ta lm nh sau: Kch chut phi vo cc cy d liu Networks, Network Groups (nu c), Figures, Figure Groups (nu c), Survey Points\ Point, Survey Point Groups\ Point (nu c) v chn Insert in to drawing. Ngc li c th loi d liu trn bn v m vn tn ti trong d n chng trnh th ta chn Remove from drawing

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Nhp d liu t th Toolspace Survey


To im gc Control Points Trong mt mng kho st (Network), kch chut phi vo Control points chn New, xut hin hp thoi nh di y:

C th kch mt im ngoi bn v bng cch chn vo biu tng in gi tr cao hoc khng. To hng gc Directions:

, c th

Trong mt mng kho st, kch chut phi vo Directions chn New, xut hin hp thoi:

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Hng gc ny c xc nh t mt im gc 1 v mt gc bng 160 0 theo dng Azimuth gc phng v (gc ly vi hng bc theo chiu kim ng h). im 4000 l mt im nm trong hng ny, khng c ta v khi s khng nm trong danh sch im trong . To cc d liu ti mt trm my Trong mt mng kho st, kch chut phi vo Setups chn New, xut hin hp thoi: ngha cc thng s trong hnh di nh sau: Trm my 1. Hng ngm v im 4000 (im ny khng c ta , gc ly nh phn hng gc trn bng 1600). Sau khi nhp im nh hng l 4000, my tnh s bo im ny cha c ta , c khi to n hay khng, trong hp thoi xut hin c th chn Yes hoc No, nu ch cn ly lm hng th khng cn, chn No tip tc. Cao my 1.5m Cao tuyt i ca my bng 201,5m (cao tuyt i trm my 1 bng 200m). Ta trm my 1.

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Sau khi khi to xong trm my, gc nh hng, kch chut phi vo trm my va khi to c dng Station:<tn trm my>, Backsight:<tn im nh hng>, trong v d trn l Station:1, Backsight:4000, chn Edit observations, xut hin hp thoi:

Khai bo d liu im o trong bng trn.

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C th nhp d liu kho st qua cng c Traverse Editor nh sau:

To d liu kho st qua cng c Survey Command Window

Calculating an Azimuth in The Astronomic Direction Calculator


Trong menu Survey chn Astronomic dirction Calculator

Note: The observations will determine the true astronomic direction from the station point to the backsight point. Notice that after you enter the stop time for an observation, the observed and average direction are calculated automatically. After you have entered the above data, notice that the Mean Direction value calculated by the Astronomic Direction Calculator is SOUTH87.967088EAST (if the drawing settings Direction Measurement Type is set to Bearings).
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Phn tch d liu bnh sai.


Trong phn ny s hng dn lm th no phn tch v bin i d liu kho st. Trong v d di y, ta s s dng Survey Command Window truy vn d liu kho st. Khi , ta s xem xt hai cch thc bin i d liu kho st. Ta c th bin i d liu kho st bng cch: Bnh sai mt li mt mt bng kp kn bng kp kn bng cc phng php: o Compass rule method: Phng php thc cong o Transit rule method: Phng php thc truyn o Crandall method: Phng php thc Crandall o Least squares method: Phng php bnh phng ti thiu. S dng phng phpbnh phng ti thiu mng. Mi phng php a ra mt kt qu khc nhau khng ng k. Phng php hiu chnh thc cong hiu chnh vng lp ngang v .. phng php bnh phng ti thiu phn tch mt trong cc trm my m tng sai s ti l nh nht.

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Ph (c th khng cn thit) Hiu chnh cc im o trong mt trm my

Kch chut phi vo cy Setups nh hnh v, chn Edit Observations, xut hin hp thoi:

Cc thuc tnh v mt im o bao gm nh sau: Number, Name, Angle, Angle Type, Distance, Distance Type, Vertical, Vertical Type, Target Height, Target Type, Scale Factor, Easting, Northing, Elevation, Longitude, Latitude. Khi hiu chnh cc thuc tnh trn th ton b d liu kho st ca d n s c cp nhp.

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T mi:
Miscellaneous: tp, pha tp, c tnh khc nhau Name Discription Units: n v Distance: di Angle: gc Angle: Gc Horizontal collimation: ngm ngang collimation The process of adjusting the line of sight or lens of an optical instrument so that it is properly located based on the other parts of the instrument Qu trnh ca vic iu chnh ng ngm hay thu knh (ca) mt dng c quang hc sao cho n ng mc nh v da vo nhng phn khc (ca) dng c.

Angle type Vertical collimation: ngm ng Vertical angle type C ba kiu gc nh sau: Horizontal: Gc ngm ngang Zenith: Gc thin nh Nadir: Gc chn

nadir angle The nadir angle is opposite the zenith

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Electronic distance meter (EDM) Dng c o c in t EDM Electronic distance measuring devices that measure the round-trip transit time of a pulsed signal from which distance is computed Refractive index: ch s khc x Wave constant Offset EDM Offset The vertical distance from the scope center to the EDM center. Civil 3D uses this value to calculate distance Measuring device Prism Tilting Prism offset Prism constant Standard deviations EDM proportional error (ppm) EDM constant error
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Centering error Target alignment error Pointing error Horizontal circle Direction error Vertical circle Prism heigt error Theodolite height error field book The permanent detailed record a surveyor makes of all observations made in the field. In Civil 3D, a field bookfile, (*.fbk), is can be used as a source of survey data

figure Special linework automatically created in a drawing when you import a field book containing figure data. Also created when using Civil 3D survey figure commands. You can control the layers for figures by using figure prefixes. figure prefix Used to automatically place figures on user-defined layers based on the beginning part of the figure name. For example, the figure prefix EP can be used to place the figures EP, EP1, EP2, and EPL all on the same layer. Using figure prefixes in conjunction with description keys can largely automate the process of constructing a well organized base plan. fixed entity An alignment entity with a fixed position, not necessarily tangent to another entity for the definition of its geometry. See also float entity, free entity.

Analyzing and Reducing Survey Data


This lesson demonstrates how to analyze and reduce survey data. In the following exercises, you will use the Survey Command Window to query survey data and then you will look at two ways to reduce the survey data. You can reduce survey data by:

Adjusting a traverse loop using the standard compass rule method or other adjustment methods. Page 63

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Using the network least squares adjustment method.

Each method produces slightly different results. The standard compass rule adjustment method adjusts the traverse loop and sideshots. The least squares method adjusts each of the observations so that the sum of the residuals is a minimum. Note: Before performing the steps in this lesson, you must have created the survey database Survey 1 and imported the field book file Survey-1.fbk. For more information, see the lesson Importing and Viewing Survey Data. For more information about reducing surface data, see the Autodesk Civil 3D Help topic Survey Analysis and Output.

Querying Survey Data

In this exercise, you will use the Survey Command Window to perform a query on the survey data. You will use the Inverse Points command to determine the direction and distance between two points. To use the Survey Command Window to query survey data 1. In Toolspace, on the Survey tab, expand the Survey Databases collection. 2. If the database Survey 1 is not open (is not displayed with a and kch Open Survey Database. next to it), right-kch

NoteBy default, to save on resource usage, when you start Autodesk Civil 3D, all survey databases are displayed in a closed state. 3. Right-kch Survey 1 and kch Edit Survey Database Settings. 4. In the Survey Database Settings dialog box, expand the Survey Command Window property group and ensure that the following are set: o Point Course Echo: Yes o Figure Course Echo: Yes o Point Coordinate Echo: Yes o Figure Coordinate Echo: Yes o Command Echo: Yes These settings determine what kind of information will get displayed in the Survey Command Window. 5. Kch OK to close the Survey Database Settings dialog box. 6. On the Survey tab, expand the Networks collection, right-kch Survey Network 1, and kch Survey Command Window. HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009 Cng ty TNHH Cng ngh Hi Ha Http://harmonytech.com.vn

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7. In the Survey Command Window, kch View menu 8. In the Enter Point dialog box, enter 1. Kch OK. The drawing zooms to point 1.

Zoom To Point.

9. Kch Point Information menu Inverse Points. 10. In the Point Information - Inverse Points dialog box, enter: o Start Point: 1 o Ahead Point: 2 11. Kch OK. The following information, which describes the location of each point and the direction and distance between the points, is displayed in the command output area:! ! POINT 1 NORTH: 5000.0000 EAST: 5000.0000 EL: 263.6500 ! ! Distance: 300.000 Course: N 72-56-33 E ! ! POINT 2 NORTH: 5087.9995 EAST: 5286.8036 EL: 259.9600

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12. Close the Survey Command Window. 13. To continue this lesson, go to Performing Traverse Analysis.

Performing Traverse Analysis


In this exercise, you will reduce some of the survey data using the traverse analysis Compass Rule adjustment method. The Compass Rule is a method of corrections where the closing errors are assumed to be as much due to errors in observed angles as by the errors in measured distances. The closing errors in latitude and departure are distributed according to the ratio of the length of the line to the total length of the traverse. For more information, see the Autodesk Civil 3D Help topic Performing Traverse Analysis. To perform traverse analysis using the Compass Rule method
1. In Toolspace, on the Survey tab, right-kch the database Survey 1, expand the Networks collection, expand the network Survey Network 1, right-kch the Traverses collection and kch New. 2. In the New Traverse dialog box, enter Traverse 1 in the Name field. Kch OK. 3. On the Survey tab, right-kch Traverse 1, and kch Properties. 4. In the Traverse Properties dialog box, enter the following values: o Initial Station: 1 o Initial Backsight: 1000 o Stations: 2,3,4,5,6 o Final Foresight: 6000 5. Kch OK. 6. On the Survey tab, right-kch Traverse 1, and kch Traverse Analysis. 7. In the Traverse Analysis dialog box, ensure the following values are set: o Horizontal Adjustment Method: Compass Rule o Vertical Adjustment Method: Length Weighted Distribution Use the default values for the other properties.

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8. Kch OK. The analysis is run, the network is adjusted, and the following files are displayed in the ASCII text editor: an<traverse>.trv: Displays the horizontal closure and angular error. fv<traverse>.trv: Displays a report of raw and adjusted elevations from the vertical adjustment methods. o ba<traverse>.trv: Displays the adjusted station coordinates derived from balancing the angular error and horizontal closure with no angular error. o <traverse>.lso: Displays the adjusted station coordinates based on Horizontal Adjustment Type setting (Compass Rule). 9. Close all the text files. After a traverse analysis is done, and the survey database is updated, the following happens to the data that references the traverse: Observed station points are updated and added to the Control Points collection. o All sides shots from adjusted setups within the traverse are updated. o All figures that reference points within the traverse are updated. o Any of the above data that is displayed in the current drawing is also updated. 10. You will be performing a network analysis in the next exercise, so undo the adjustments to the survey data that resulted from the traverse analysis. Right-kch the Control Points collection and kch Reset Adjusted Coordinates.
o o o

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V sau thao tc analysis, cc trm my ph s c chuyn v dng Control points, thao tc trn s lm Control Point tr v nh c
The control points created from the adjustments are deleted from the survey database. 11. To continue this lesson, go to Performing Least Squares Analysis.

Ngn ng lnh tt dng trong file *.Fbk


Point Creation Commands
The following table lists the point creation-related Autodesk Civil 3D survey commands and briefly describes their functionality. NOTE These commands must be entered in the Survey Command Window.

AD (point) [angle] [distance] (description) Create a point by angle and distance.

AD VA (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description) Create a point by angle, distance, and vertical angle.

AD VD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical distance] (description) Create a point by angle, distance, and vertical distance.

AP ON (point) Turns automatic point numbering on.

AP OFF Turns automatic point numbering off.

BD (point) [bearing] [quadrant] [distance] (description) Create a point by bearing and distance.

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BD VA (point) [bearing] [quadrant] [distance] [vertical angle] (description) Create a point by bearing and distance.

BD VD (point) [bearing] [quadrant] [distance] [vertical distance] (description) Create a point by bearing, distance, and vertical distance.

DD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description) Create a point by deflection angle and distance.

DD VA (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description) Create a point by deflection angle, distance, and vertical angle.

DD VD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical distance] (description) Create a point by deflection angle, distance, and vertical distance.

F1 (point) [angle] [distance] (description) Create a point using a FACE 1 angle.

F1 VA (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description) Create a point using a FACE 1 angle and a vertical angle.

F1 VD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical distance] (description) Create a point using a FACE 1 angle and a vertical distance.

F2 (point) [angle] [distance] (description)

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Create a point using a FACE 2 angle. F2 VA (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical angle] (description) Create a point using a FACE 2 angle and a vertical angle.

F2 VD (point) [angle] [distance] [vertical distance] (description) Create a point using a FACE 2 angle and a vertical distance.

LAT LONG (point) [latitude] [longitude] (description) Create a control point using a latitude and longitude.

NE (point) [northing] [easting] (description) Create a control point using a northing and easting.

NE SS (point) [northing] [easting] (elevation) (description) Create a non control point. NEZ (point) [northing] [easting] (elevation) (description) Create a control point using a northing, easting, and elevation.

PRISM [height] Changes the current prism height.

PT OFFSET (point) [offset] (ahead) (description) Creates a point by offsetting the last point.

SKIP

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Skips over the next available point (when automatic point numbering is on).

STADIA (point) [angle] [distance] [rod] (vertical angle) (description) Creates a point using the stadia method.

ZD (point) [azimuth] [distance] (description) Creates a point using azimuth and distance.

ZD [VA] (point) [azimuth] [distance] [vertical angle] (description) Creates a point using azimuth, distance, and vertical angle.

ZD [VD] (point) [azimuth] [distance] [vertical distance] (description) Creates a point using azimuth, distance, and vertical distance.

Point Location Commands

AZ [point 1] [point 2] [azimuth] Determines the azimuth between two points.

B [point1] [point2] [bearing] [quadrant] Defines a bearing between two points.

BS [point] (orientation) Locates a point by backsight.

STN [point] (instrument. height) (description) Creates a new setup station.

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Point Information Commands

A [point 1] [point 2] [point 3] Lists the horizontal angle between points.

AZ [point 1] [point 2] Lists the azimuth between two points.

B [point 1] [point 2] Lists a bearing between two points.

D [point 1] [point 2] Determines the distance between two points.

DISP PTS (point 1) (point 2) Displays point information.

GRADE [point 1] [point 2] Lists the grade between two points.

INV PTS [point 1] [point 2] Lists the direction and distance between points.

INVERSE RADIAL [backsight] [station] Lists the angle and distance from a setup in a radial direction from the backsight point.

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SLOPE [point 1] [point 2] Lists the slope angle between two points.

SD [point 1] [point 2] Lists the slope distance between two points.

VD [point 1] [point 2] List the elevation distance between two points.

Point Editing Commands

DEL PTS [point 1] (point 2) Deletes points from the survey databases.

MOD DESC [point 1] [description] Modifies a point's description.

MOD EL [point 1] [elevation] Modifies the elevation of a point.

MOD EL BY [point 1] [amount] Modifies the elevation of a point by an increment.

MOD ELS [point 1] [point 2] [elevation] Modifies the elevation of multiple points.

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MOD ELS BY [point 1] [point 2] [amount] Modifies the elevation of a group of points by an increment.

Figure Commands

AREA [figure] Lists the area and perimeter of a figure.

BEG [figure] Begins a new figure.

C3 Draws a 3-point curve.

CLOSE Closes a figure.

CLOSE BLD Closes a figure

CLOSE RECT [offset] Closes a figure

CONT [figure] Continues a figure to add additional vertices to it.

CRV [DELTA, LENGTH, DEFL, MID, Creates a curve in the current figure.

TAN, CHORD] [radius] [value] DEL FIG [figure] Deletes a figure from the drawing.

DISP FIGS Lists all the existing figure names in the current drawing.

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END Indicates the end of a figure.

FIG AD [angle] [distance] Creates a figure vertex using an angle and distance.

FIG DD [deflection] [distance] Creates a figure vertex using a deflection angle and distance.

FIG ZD [azimuth] [distance] Creates a figure vertex using an azimuth and distance.

FIG BD [bearing] [quadrant] [distance] Creating a figure vertex using a bearing and distance.

FIG NE [northing] [easting] Creates a figure vertex using known coordinates.

ID FIG Identifies a figure.

INVERSE FIG [figure] Displays the exact closure (inverse) information for a figure.

MCS Starts a multi-point curve within an active figure.

MCE Ends a multi-point curve within an active figure.

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MAPCHECK [figure] Displays mapcheck information for a figure.

OFFSET [figure] [distance] Offsets a figure.

PC Specifies that the next shot is a point of curvature.

POINT [point] Selects an existing point to be the next vertex in the figure.

RT [distance] Defines a right turn in a figure.

SET (point) Creates a point at the current location in a figure.

START [figure]

XC ZD (BULB) [radius] [chord azimuth] [chord distance] Creates a curve using the chord azimuth.

XC BD (BULB) [radius] [chord bearing] [quadrant] [chord distance] Creates a curve using the chord bearing.

XC AD (BULB) [radius] [chord angle] [chord distance] Creates a non-tangential curve.

XC DD (BULB) [radius] [chord deflection] [chord distance] Creates a curve using the chord deflection.

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XC C3 [point on curve] [end point] Creates a curve using a point on the curve.

XC PTS [radius] [radius point] [end point] Creates the curve radius.

Intersection Commands

AZAZ [point 1] [azimuth 1] [offset 1] [point 2] [azimuth 2] [offset 2] Calculates an azimuth/azimuth intersection.

BB [point 1] [bearing 1] [quadrant 1] [offset 1] [point 2] [bearing 2] [quadrant 2] [offset 2] Calculates a bearing/bearing intersection.

LNLN [point 1] [point 2] [offset 1] [point 3] [point 4] [offset 2] Calculates a line/line intersection.

ARCAZ [point] [radius] [point 1] [azimuth] [offset] Creates an arc/azimuth intersection.

ARCB [point] [radius] [point 1] [bearing] [quadrant] [offset] Calculates an arc/bearing intersection.

ARCLN [point] [radius] [point 1] [point 2] [offset] Calculates an arc/line intersection.

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ARCARC [point 1] [radius 1] [point 2] [radius 2] Calculates an arc/arc intersection.

SAVE [NORTH, SOUTH, EAST, WEST, 1, 2, ALL] (point) (description) Saves the intersection point.

SAVE [NEAR, FAR] (point) [reference point number] (description) Saves the intersection point.

SAVE PICK (point) (description) Saves the intersection point.

SQ [reference 1] [reference 2] [reference] Calculates a square offset.

Equipment Correction Commands

ANGLES [RIGHT, LEFT] [ZENITH, NADIR, HORIZ] Changes the horizontal angle type (right or left) and the vertical angle type.

ATMOS [ON, OFF] Turns atmospheric corrections on or off.

COLL [ON, OFF] Turns the collimation corrections for measurements on or off.

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CR [ON, OFF] Turns curvature and refraction corrections on or off.

EDM OFFSET [offset] Sets the EDM (Electronic Distance Measuring) offset for an instrument.

HORIZ ANGLE [RIGHT, LEFT] Changes the horizontal angle type.

PRESS [pressure] [INCH, MBAR, MM] Specifies the atmospheric pressure.

SF [factor] Changes the scale factor.

PRISM CONSTANT [constant] Changes the prism constant.

PRISM OFFSET [offset] Changes the prism offset.

TEMP [temperature] [F, C, K] Sets the temperature for atmospheric corrections.

UNITS [METER, FOOT] [DMS, DECDEG, GRAD, MILS, RADIANS] Changes the distance or angle units for measurements.

VERT ANGLE [ZENITH, NADIR, HORIZ]

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Changes the vertical angle reference system.

Baseline Commands

BL IS [point 1] [point 2] [station] Define a baseline.

BL PT (point 1) [station] (offset) (description) Creates a point at an offset from a baseline.

BL INV [point 1] (point 2) Lists a baseline direction using inverse point.

Centerline Commands

CL IS [figure] (station) (point) Defines a centerline.

CL INV [point 1] (point 2) Displays point data in reference to the current centerline.

CL PT (point) [station] (offset) (skew angle) (description) Creates a new point by station offset.

CL PT BY [point] [station 1] [offset] [distance] (station 2) (description) Creates points at an increment along the centerline.

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CL ELEV (point) [station] [offset] [elevation] (description) Creates a point by station, offset, and elevation.

CL ROD (point) [station] [offset] [rod] (description) Creates a point using station, offset and rod height.

CL VD (point) [station] [offset] [vertical distance] (description) Creates a point along a centerline using a vertical distance.

HI [elevation] Defines the height of instrument.

XS [station] Sets the current cross section station. XS ELEV (point) [offset] [elevation] (description) Creates a point with offset and elevation from the current cross section.

XS ROD (point) [offset] [rod] (description) Creates a point by offset and rod height from the current cross section.

XS VD (point) [offset] [vertical distance] (description) Creates a point by offset and vertical distance from the current cross section.

AutoCAD Related Commands

PAN Shifts the location of the drawing.

REDRAW Refreshes the display in the current viewport.

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CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST

ZOOM PT [point] Zooms to a point.

Zooms according to one of the specified parameters.

ZOOM [WINDOW, EXTENTS, PREVIOUS, W, P, E, A]

Miscellaneous Commands

CALC [formula] Perform mathematical calculations.

DITTO [ON, OFF] Turns the Ditto feature on or off.

HELP (command) Displays the syntax of the specified command.

HISTORY Displays all the commands you used during thecurrent session.

OUTPUT [ON, OFF] Turns the use of an output file on or off.

TRAV [ON, OFF] Turns the traverse command on or off.

Gii thch mt s file c xut sau khi bnh sai


File: fv1.trv
RAW Point# 1 2 LENGTH WEIGHTED DISTRIBUTION RULE Elevation 263.6500 259.9600 Delta 0.0000 -0.0000
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Elevation 263.6500 259.9600

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CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST


3 4 5 6 257.4380 255.1760 251.7960 249.6350 257.4380 255.1760 251.7960 249.6350 -0.0000 -0.0000 -0.0000 -0.0000

1.lso
RAW TRAVERSE Point# 1 N E N 72-56-33 2 Coordinates 5000.0000 5000.0000 N E COMPASS RULE Coordinates 5000.0000 5000.0000 Delta 0.0000

E Dist:300.0002 N E 5087.9995 5286.8036 N E 5087.9995 5286.8035 0.0001

S 63-53-46 3

E Dist:200.0000 N E 4999.9994 5466.4032 N E 4999.9994 5466.4030 0.0002

N 63-53-45 4

E Dist:199.9942 N E 5087.9980 5645.9970 N E 5087.9980 5645.9968 0.0002

S 72-56-35 5

E Dist:300.0049 N E 4999.9999 5932.8058 N E 4999.9999 5932.8055 0.0003

N 62-47-43 6

E Dist:192.4878 N E 5087.9999 6104.0004 N E 5088.0000 6104.0000 0.0004

Ba1.trv
RAW TRAVERSE Point# 1 N Coordinates 5000.0000 N No RULE Coordinates 5000.0000 Delta 0.0000

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CHNG 3: SURVEY CC VN LIN QUAN N KHO ST


E 5000.0000 E 5000.0000

N 72-56-33 E Dist:300.0003 2 N E 5087.9995 5286.8036 N E 5087.9995 5286.8036 0.0000

S 63-53-46 E Dist:200.0001 3 N E 4999.9994 5466.4032 N E 4999.9994 5466.4032 0.0000

N 63-53-45 E Dist:199.9942 4 N E 5087.9980 5645.9970 N E 5087.9980 5645.9970 0.0000

S 72-56-35 E Dist:300.0050 5 N E 4999.9999 5932.8058 N E 4999.9999 5932.8058 0.0000

N 62-47-43 E Dist:192.4879 6 N E 5087.9999 6104.0004 N E 5087.9999 6104.0004 0.0000

Elevation error : -0.0000 Error North Error East : 0.0001 : -0.0004

Absolute error : 0.0004 Error Direction : N 78-05-42 W Perimeter Precision : 1192.4874 : 1 in 3324324.0586

Number of sides : 5

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CHNG 5: POINT

CHNG 4: POINT
Tm hiu i tng Point
im trong AutoCAD Civil 3D c gi l Coordinate Geometry (COGO), chng khc hon ton vi im trong AutoCAD. im trong AutoCAD ch c gi ta X,Y,Z; cn im trong AutoCAD Civil 3D cn lu tr cc gi tr v th t im, m t, rt quan trng trong vic lc d liu im sau ny. Mt im trong Autocad Civil 3D c hin th vi Point styles v Point label style ca n:

Hnh 4.1: Mt dng th hin im

i vi hnh trn, Point style l dng block hnh cy, Point lable style th hin Point number (th t im), Point elevation (cao im), Point Description (m t).

Description keys
Tm hiu Description keys
Trong qu trnh o c kho st a hnh, cc im o thng c cc ghi ch m t km theo vic x l c thun tin nht. Chng hn khi o trn mt din rng, mt im gc nh c th c ghi ch l GN KhuA (gc nh khu A), tng t vi cc im th hin gc nh khc cng c ghi ch theo mt quy tc no m i kho st nh ra. Lc ny ghi ch ca im c dng lm cc m lc, ta c th lc ra cc im th hin gc nh (GN), hay cc im trong Khu A (KhuA) trong ton b d liu kho st.

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CHNG 5: POINT
Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D, ta c th to cc Description Key t ng qun l cc im no c nhp vo, nh kiu v thuc tnh cho im khi to hoc nhp t mt ngun d liu no . Cc m lc dng trong Description Key nh sau:

Trong Autocad Civil 3D, d liu im c th qun l theo tng nhm ring bit.

To nhm im
Menu: Points\ Create point group Toolspace\ tab Prospector: kch chut phi vo Hp thoi Point Group Properties xut hin: chn New

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CHNG 5: POINT

Trong th Information t tn, ghi m t, xc lp Point style v Point lable style, t lp cho nhm im. Ch : khi Object locked c chn, tt c cc la chn trong cc th sau s b kha

gp cc im t cc Point groups khc, chn th Point Groups v kch v cc nhm im mun ly. gp cc im c cng s m t, chn th Raw Desc Matching v chn cc s m t (raw descriptions) mun chn cho d liu im ca Point group. Khi tt c cc im trn bn v s c tm kim v im no c cng mt s m t ging vi s m t m ta chn trn s c ly lm d liu im ca Point group m ta ang to. lc cc im trong bn v vi cc tiu tr khc nhau ri gp vo cng mt nhm ta dng th Include. xut im ra khi nhm ta chn th Exclude.

Chn OK kt thc cng vic. hiu chnh li thuc tnh v d liu ca nhm: kch chut phi vo nhm im cn hiu chnh, chn Properties.

Nhp im vo bn v - Point
Menu: Point\ Create points
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CHNG 5: POINT
Toolspace\ tab Prospector: kch chut phi vo biu tng chn New Xut hin hp thoi Create Points:

Trong hp thoi Create Points c rt nhiu la chn c th to im: Miscellaneous: to im t nhiu ngun nh cp nhp im trc tip t i tng bn v (im, nh polylines ), convert im t Softdesk

Intersection: to im t cc giao ct gia cc i tng.

Alignments: to im t cc im c trng trn Alignment nh im u, im cui, cc, im tip gip ga on thng v cong Surface: to im c h tr t cc c tnh b mt nh ng ng mc, cao theo hng

Interpolation: to im t vic ni suy gia cc im, cc i tng khc. Slope: to im t cc s liu v dc cho trc. Import Points: to im t tp im bn ngoi.

Ta c th m rng hp thoi create points thay i mt s thit lp cho d liu im nh layer, point styles

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CHNG 5: POINT

Tin hnh ly d liu im t file ta im, nh dng file dng ny rt phong ph, c th l nh dng ca assces (*.mdb), hoc:

thay i cu trc ca file cho ph hp vi file ta im c sn vo th Settings trong thanh Toolspace vo Point\ Point file formats. Nhp im: Chn biu tng Import point trong hp thoi Create point, xut hin hp thoi Import Points:

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CHNG 5: POINT

Trong v d trn la chn nh dng m rng *.txt, cu trc file PENZD (space delimited) (Point number Easting Northing Point elevation Raw Decription; cc thuc tnh cch nhau bi du Space). Chn vo biu tng chn file nhp vo.

Nu mun np d liu im sp nhp vo mt nhm im no ta chn Add Points to Point group. C th chn nhm im trong danh sch nu c sn, to mi thm mt nhm im ti y, chn vo biu tng to nhm im trn. v tin hnh lm nh phn

Chn OK kt thc cng vic. D liu im nhp vo ty vo Point style v Point Lable style chn

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CHNG 5: POINT Transfer point: Chuyn i nh dng file d liu im

Source Destination

Xem xet mt s nh dng file d liu im c sn:

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CHNG 5: POINT

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CHNG 5: SURFACE B MT

CHNG 5: SURFACE - B MT

A surface is a three-dimensional geometric representation of the surface of an area of land, or, in the case of volume surfaces, is a difference or composite between two surface areas. Surfaces are made up of triangles or grids, which are created when Autodesk Civil 3D connects the points that make up the surface data. You can create a new empty surface and then data can be added to it, or you can import existing surfaces, such as LandXML, TIN, or DEM files. Points or contours are usually a primary part of the original surface information and are supplemented with breaklines and boundaries

Cc kiu b mt
Autodesk Civil 3D h tr xy dng cc kiu b mt nh:
Tin surfaces: B mt li tam gic, c thit lp bi d liu im, ng ng mc. l kiu b mt c bn phc v chnh cho cng tc thit k bnh tuyn. Loi b mt ny c th lu di dng file ui *.tin, v lm d liu dng li cho cc mt khc.

Grid surfaces

Grid surfaces: B mt li t gic, cho kh nng quan st trung thc hn b mt a hnh.

TIN volume surfaces: B mt to bi s chnh lch gia 2 mt Tin surfaces: so snh v mt c s.

Grid volume surfaces: B mt to bi s chnh lch gia 2 mt Grid surfaces: so snh v mt c s. HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009 Cng ty TNHH Cng ngh Hi Ha Http://harmonytech.com.vn Page 93

CHNG 5: SURFACE B MT

Trong thit k, kiu b mt Tin surfaces c s dng nhiu nht, trong bi gii thiu ny ta s lm vic vi kiu b mt ny, cc kiu b mt khc nn tm hiu thm trong Help ca Civil 3D. DEM (digital elevation models)

To mt mt kiu Tin surfaces


To mi mt mt

C th to mi mt b mt bng cch chn Create surface trn menu hoc nhn chut phi vo biu tng trong Toolspace, chn New Trong hp thoi Create surface chn kiu b mt l TIN Surface, la chn layer, tn, trch m t cho b mt, chn kiu hin th v chn vt liu ca b mt.

to d liu cho mt bng cch Add files d liu im cho mt, Add nhm im hay cc ng ng mc, ng bao, ng Breakline: - Nhn chut phi vo dng d liu mun nhp cho mt, chn Add Add Boundaries nhp ng bao ngoi Add Breaklines nhp ng Breakline Add Contouns nhp ng ng mc Add Drawing Objects nhp thm cc i tng ca bn v khc. Add Point Files nhp file d liu im cho mt. Add Point Groups nhp cc nhm im m ta to sn trong Point Groups ngoi i tng mt. Ta c th nhp thm tng m, nhp cc ng thng trong biu tng Edits .
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CHNG 5: SURFACE B MT
- i vi tng la chn nhp d liu cho mt s c cc bc nhp ring ca n.

Hng dng chy-Water Drop

C th kim tra mt cch chnh xc hng dng chy ca mt git nc t mt v tr bt k trn b mt. S dng cng c Water-Drop trong menu Surfaces\ Untilities\ Water-Drop

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CHNG 5: SURFACE B MT
Xy dng b mt t DEM File

Cc bc thc hin nh sau: Kch Surfaces menu > Create Surface. Trong hp thoi Create Surfac, chn Grid Surface cho Surface Type v kch OK. Trong th Prospector, m rng tn Surface > Definition. Kch chut phi vo biu tng DEM Files. Kch Add. Trong hp thoi Add DEM File, nhp file USGS GeoTIFF DEM to the surface definition and specify the coordinate system information. Kch OK.

Xem xt cc thit lp ca b mt Hiu chnh Settings ca Surface.


Surface Styles

Thit lp dng hin th cho b mt. S dng Item view trong th Prospector trn thanh Toolpace thay i kiu mt sau khi thit t trn. B mt c hin th trong Autodesk Civil 3D l rt trc quan, qun l tt phn vng cc khu vc c cc c im chung nht nh phn vng c cng cao , vng t thy. Autodesk Civil 3D tnh ton din tch cho tng vng m n qun l.

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CHNG 5: SURFACE B MT

Label Styles

Table Styles

.Xem li cch b tr.

iu c v cha c:
Cha i sau vo tm hiu cc kiu b mt: Grid surface, Grid volume surface. Cha tm hiu ngha biu tng Masks. Cha lm vic vi DEM Files. ( lm ri) Cha tm hiu nhiu v xut cc bng khi lm vic vi Surface.

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CHNG 5: SURFACE B MT

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT

CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Alignment c trng cho cc ng nh tim tuyn, mp ng, di t bn ng, va h Mt cng vic thng xuyn v u tin l vch tim tuyn bng Alignment.

Qu trnh to Alignments

Create an alignment from a polyline, use the alignment layout tools, import an alignment using LandXML, or create alignment references using either data shortcuts or Autodesk Vault. Tao mt Alignment t mt ng Polyline, s dng Alignment Layout Tools, nhp mt Alignment s dng LandXML, hoc to Alignment s dng lin kt vi cc d liu tt khc hoc Autodesk Vault. Create an alignment using any of the following: To mt Alignment s dng mt trong cc cch sau:

Create an alignment from a polyline.

To mt Alignment t mt ng Polyline Create an alignment using either the tangent-tangent or constraint-based commands in the Alignment Layout Tools. The tangent-tangent commands are useful for simple road design, or preliminary layout work. The constraint-based commands are useful for intricate design work, where certain corridor constraints must be maintained.

To mt Alignment s dng Alignment Layout Tools Import an alignment from an XML file. You can assign styles to the alignment after you import it.

Nhp mt Alignment t mt file XML. Ta c th n nh kiu Styles cho Alignment sau khi ta nhp n. Create alignment references using either data shortcuts or an Autodesk Vault project.

To Alignment s dng lin kt d liu tt khc hoc vi Autodesk Vault

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
thng nht trong vic s dng thut ng, y hng dn lm vic vi Alignment tng ng vi lm vic vi tim tuyn ng. Sau khi hiu cch thc lm vic vi Alignment ta c th to Alignment theo ngha ca tng cng vic.

To Alignment bng Alignment Layout Tools

- Chn menu Alignment\ Create By Layout... Trong hp thoi Create Alignment-Layout thc hin mt s thao tc c bn nh: + t tn cho tim tuyn chun b thit k (name). + M t Alignment

+ Chn kiu hin th tim tuyn, layer

- Trong thanh Alignment Layout Tools

S dng cc biu tng khi mun lm cc thao tc: S dng biu tng ny bt u tin hnh vch tuyn. Trong gm cc biu tng: : Vch tuyn khng km theo b tr ng cong nm. : Tangent-Tangent(With curve) Vch tuyn km theo b tr ng cong nm. : La chn bn knh, dng ca ng cong nm v chiu di ng cong chuyn tip nu cn trong hp thoi Curve and Spiral Settings. : Biu tng ny s chn thm mt nh mi cho tuyn (k hiu l im PI). : Xo nh (im PI) trong Alignment.

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT

: Hiu chnh s liu ca tuyn trong hp thoi Panorama.

Ta c th to tim tuyn vi Alignment bng vic kt hp song song qu trnh to cnh tuyn v b tr ng cong nm hoc to cnh tuyn trc ri b tr ng cong nm sau vi 2 biu tng v gii thch trn.

ng cong nm c th l ng cong trn hoc ng cong chuyn tip ph thuc vo tu chn trong hp thoi Curve and Spiral Settings.

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009, cc dng ng cong chuyn tip bao gm: Bi-Quadratic Bloss Clothoid Cubic (JP) Cubic Parabola Sine Half-Wave Diminishing Tangent Sinusoidal Curves Chn li biu tng - Tangent-Tangent(With curve) tin hnh vch tim tuyn song song vi vic b tr ng cong (bng) chuyn tip. Trong hp lnh Command yu cu chn cc nh ca tuyn, chn vo cc nh ca tuyn nh du sn hoc im bt k trn bn v ly v d. To on cong trn cng vi phn chuyn tip t mt on Alignment thng - To add a floating curve with a spiral (from entity, radius, length) off a line. Chn menu Alignment\ chn mc Edit Alignment Geometry. Trn thanh Layout Tools chn Adding Floating Curves with Spirals (from entity, radius, length) Chn vo on Alignment thng. Nhp bn knh cho on cong trn Nhp chiu di ng cong chuyn tip hoc thng s A Chn hng ca on cong, Clockwise thun chiu kin ng h; cOunterclockwise ngc chiu kim ng h. Chn chiu di on cong trn.

To Alignment bng ng Polyline


Cc bc thc hin nh sau: To mt ng Polyline bnh thng T menu Alignment, chn Create from Polylines Chn vo ng Polyline mun to thnh Alignment

Sau khi c mt Alignment to t Polyline, to ng cong nm ta tin hnh trn thanh cng c Alignment Layout Tools nh bnh thng.

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT To Alignment bng cch Import XML file.


Cng vic ny rt c ch cho cng tc nng cp thit k tuyn c. Khi nhp file Xml cho mt Alignment, file ny cha y thng tin v v tr (site), cc ga tr di tuyn, bn knh, di on chuyn tip ng cong nm Thc hin nhp file nh sau: T menu File, chn Import, chn Import LandXML trong hp thoi Import LandXML chn file cn nhp. Tuyn sau khi thit k ty thuc vo la chn ban u v layer, style, label set trong hp thoi Create Alignment-Layout, m c dnh hin th khc nhau trn bn v. Kh nng ty bin cc la chn cho tim tuyn trong Autodesk Civil 3D l cao, ta c th quan st r rng tng thnh phn ca tim tuyn: Cnh tuyn, on cong chuyn tip, ng cong trn, cc, l trnh

Hiu chnh li tuyn


Sau khi to xong mt Alignment ta c th hiu chnh li cc kch thc hnh hc ca n (bn knh ng cong trn, cnh tuyn ) trn thanh Alignment Layout Tools bng cch + Chn Edit Alignment Geometry trong menu Alignment, chn vo Alignment cn hiu chnh. Hoc + Kch chut phi vo Alignment cn hiu chnh v chn Edit Alignment Geometry

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT Xem xt cc thit lp ca Alignment Hiu chnh Settings ca Alignment.


- Ta c th thay i cc kiu hin th ng tim tuyn va thit k bng cch thay i cc thit t hin hnh ang s dng cho n trong th Setting trn thanh Toolpace. Alignment Styles: Kiu dng th hin tng thnh phn ca ng tim tuyn. Ta c th dng Alignment Styles iu khin s hin th ca tng thnh phn trn ng tim tuyn thit k trn a hnh. Label styles: Cc kiu ghi ch cho cc thnh phn trn tuyn, v d nh ghi l trnh cc, ng cong. Table Styles : nh kiu cho cc hin th nh tn cc, im ni u, ni cui trong ng cong. Commands : Bao hm cc thit lp cho cc mc nh trong qu trnh thc hin vic to tim tuyn, th hin trong hp thoi Create Alignment - Layout.

ng dng thay i Settings hiu chnh hin th ca cc Label trn Alignment. Trn Alignment th hin cc v tr sau: Major Station: l cc Station chnh, cch nhau mt khong c nh. Minor Station: l cc Station ph, nm xen gia cc Major Station. Geometry Point: Cc nh c s thay i hnh hc ca tuyn (tip u, tip cui, ni u, ni cui ) Profile Geometry Point: ??? Station Equation: ??? Design Speed: Cc im c s thay i vn tc thit k.

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT

Ta c th vo th Settings trong thanh cng c Toolspace v hiu chnh Lable Styles ca cc Station ang c s dng, hoc kch chut phi vo Alignment chn Edit Alignment Labels v hiu chnh trong hp thoi Alignment Lables. d hiu hn ta s lm mt v d vi cc Major Station v Minor Station: Khong cc ca cc Major Station thng ly l 100 tng t nh cc cc H trong cc bn v thit k ng ca ta. - M bn v Corridor-1a.dwg trong AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009\ Help\ Civil 3D Tutorials\ Drawings trong th mc ci t. - Kch chut phi vo Alignment chnh gia c tn l Centerline (1), chn Edit Alignment Labels, xut hin hp thoi Alignment Labels-Centerline (1):

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT

THIT K K THUT TUYN


Li ni u
Tiu chun tnh ton siu cao v m rng bng ly theo AASHTO 2001 Green book tuy nhin vn p dng tiu chun ca Vit Nam trong thit k vi Civil 3D l hon ton n gin. Vic ny s lm r trong qu trnh thit k siu cao v ni m rng bng trong ng cong.

Thit k siu cao.


Cc phng php p siu cao tu thuc vo Corridor Type (kiu Corridor) v Cross Section Shape (hnh dng mt ct ngang). thit k siu cao, sau khi to xong Alignment tin hnh lm vic trn hp thoi Alignment Properties: - Kch chut phi vo Alignment cn thit k siu cao, chn Alignment properties - Trc ht cn phi la chn vn tc thit k ca ton tuyn hay tng on, trong th Design Speeds:

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT

- Tip theo vo th Superelevation la chn tiu chun v cc thng s c bn ca mt ct ngang thit k siu cao:

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT

Chn vo biu tng

(set superelevation properties), xut hin hp thoi:

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
AutoCAD Civil 3D c sn mt hai file tiu chun h tr thit k siu cao, tnh ton cc im thay i siu cao theo tiu chun AASHTO mi 2001. Mt file s dng n v ly theo h thng o lng Anh, mt file dng h n v mt. Vn tc: MilesPerHour dm/h (mph) 1 dm = 1,609344 km; 1 mph = 1,609344 kph di: Foot (ft), 1 ft = 0,3048 m Din tch: SquareFoot - Foot2 (ft2) Khi lng: cubicYard Yard3 (lat3), 1 lat = 0,914 m Cc im thay i siu cao c mc nh trong Civil nh sau:

Cc k hiu ny nh ngha sn trong hp thoi Drawing Settings, v c th thay i c. Xem xt cc la trng trong hp thoi Superelevation Specification. File tiu chun AASHTO cho AutoCAD Civil 3D s dng 2 phng php thit k l AASHTO 2001 - Crowned Roadway v Undivided Planar Roadway - AASHTO 2001 - Crowned Roadway: p dng cho dng ng khng c gii phn cch, nng siu cao thng thng quanh tim ng:
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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT

Cng thc tnh ton trong file:

<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod name="AASHTO 2001 - Crowned Roadway"> <AttainmentStyle style="Standard"/> <TransitionFormula type="LCtoFS" formula="{t}"/> <TransitionFormula type="LCtoBC" formula ="2.0*{t}/3.0"/> <TransitionFormula type="NCtoLC" formula ="{t}*{c}/{e}"/> <TransitionFormula type="LCtoRC" formula ="{t}*{c}/{e}"/> <TransitionFormula type="NStoNC" formula ="{t}*({s}-{c})/{e}"> <SuperelevationAttainmentMethod>

Trong : - LCtoFS: Level Crown point to Full Super point (runoff) - LCtoRC: Level Crown point to Reverse Crown point - LCtoBC: Level Crown point to Beginning of Curve - NCtoLC: Normal Crown point to Level Crown point (runout) - NStoNC: Normal Shoulder point to Normal Crown point (used for the Breakover Removal method of superelevated shoulders) - Gi tr c: dc mi ng (thng thng bng 2%), c nh ngha trong hp thoi Superelevation Properties. - Gi tr e: Siu cao y ca tuyn (%)
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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
- Gi tr s: dc ca vai ng, c nh ngha trong hp thoi Superelevation Properties. - Gi tr t: c tnh nh di.

Tnh ton gi tr t: Superelevation Runoff (t) Lr = (w)(n)(e)(b)/ = t = LCtoFS Lr = minimum length of superelevation runoff (ft) - Chiu di nh nht ca on ni siu cao n = number of lanes rotated S ln quay siu cao, gi tr ny ly bng mt na gi tr ca Transition Length Table b = adjustment factor for number of lanes rotated (Table 4-3) H s hiu chnh s ln quay siu cao (xem bng 4-3). w = width of one traffic lane (ft)- B rng ca mt ln e = design superelevation rate (%) Siu cao y ca tuyn = maximum relative gradient, percent (Table 4-2) Gi tr ly theo bng 4-2 Tangent Runout Lt = (Lr) (eNC)/e =w.n.eNC.b/= NCtoLC Lt = minimum length of tangent runout (ft) Lr = minimum length of superelevation runoff (ft) eNC = normal cross slope rate (%) e = design superelevation rate Table 4-2 Maximum Relative Gradient Design Speed (mph)

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

65

70

Maximum Relative 0.70 Gradient

0.66

0.62

0.58

0.54

0.50

0.47

0.45

0.43

0.40

Table 4-3 HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009 Cng ty TNHH Cng ngh Hi Ha Http://harmonytech.com.vn

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Adjustment Factor for Number of Lanes Rotated

Number of Lanes Rotated (n)

Adjustment Factor (b)

1.00

1.5

0.83

0.75

2.5

0.70

0.67

3.5

0.64

- Undivided Planar Roadway: p dng cho ng khng c gii phn cch nhng khng c nh (khng c khum - Crown), quay siu cao khng theo cch thng thng.

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT

Cng thc tnh ton trong file:


<SuperelevationAttainmentMethod name="Undivided Planar Roadway"> <TransitionStyle style="Planar"/> <Continuing> <TransitionFormula type="NCtoFS" formula="{t}-{t}*{c}/{e}"/> <TransitionFormula type="NCtoBC" formula="{t}*(0.67-{c}/{e})"/> </Continuing> <Opposing> <TransitionFormula type="LCtoFS" formula="{t}"/> <TransitionFormula type="LCtoBC" formula="0.67*{t}"/> <TransitionFormula type="NCtoLC" formula="{t}*{c}/{e}"/> </Opposing> <SuperelevationAttainmentMethod>

Cc gi tr ly ging nh trn.

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
V d tnh siu cao quanh mp gii phn cch gia cho ng 4 ln:

Chn cc thng s tnh ton siu cao nh trong hp thoi Superelevation Specification:

Chng trnh s tnh cc v tr thay i siu cao tuy nhin ty vic thit k mt ct nganng (Assembly) m c s t ng hon ton trong tnh ton hoc ta s cn hiu chnh thm i cht, v d y thit k mt ct c cc thng s nh sau:

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT

Gii phn cch gia dng MedianDepressedShoulderExt, thuc tnh Centerline Pivot? (tm quay) chn Pivot about inside edges-of-traveled-ways. Hai ln trong dng LaneInsideSuper c thuc tnh dc ngang mc nh Default %Slope l 2% trong khi chng trnh thng nhn mc nh gi tr ny l 2%. Khi trong th Superelevation hp thoi Alignment Properties cn c cc hiu chnh cho ph hp, y l b tr li dc ngang ca thnh phn LaneInsideSuper:

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT

Mt vi ch Trong thit k siu cao ta c th thay i cc gi tr trong hp thoi Aignment Properties c th thit k siu cao cho cc trng hp c bit khc.

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT

Khi thay i k c gi tr siu cao v gi tr cc on vut ni th bnh tuyn cng t ng c cp nhp. y l mt tnh m, khi vic thit k siu cao khng b p buc theo bt k mt tiu chun no, m s theo ngi thit k.

Thit k m rng bng trong ng cong

Trong thit k m dng bng, chng trnh cung cp mu mt ct ngang l LaneOutsideSuperWithWidening, ta c th xem cc thuc tnh ca n trong Help. Nu v tr hin ti nm trong vng siu cao, th gi tr b rng ln c tnh nh sau: Width = Default Width + Pavement Widening B rng = B rng thng thng + m rng mt ng (PW) C th l : PW =

y l cng thc tnh ng theo s t chuyn ng trong ng cong (theo sch TK yu t hnh hc ng t thy Nguyn Quang Phc)
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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
Tuy nhin trong sch lm trn mt vi s hng v li thm h s lc ngang ca xe, cn cng thc y khng lm trn nn kt qu ca 2 cng thc c th chp nhn c l nh nhau. D nhin ta cng c th thay i cng thc trn theo mt cng thc khc ty . n = Number of lanes (S ln) R = Radius of the alignment at full superelevation (bn knh ca Alignment ti v tr siu cao y ) L = Length of wheelbase including the front overhang (bng khong cch ga 2 trc bnh xe k c phn nh ra ca xe pha trc-t u xe ti trc sau ca xe) Wheelbase: khong cch gia 2 trc ca xe.

M rng bng theo tiu chun Vit Nam Xem xt Code khi to Catalog Landoside
Dim dMaximumWideningWidth As Double Set superData = oAlignment.SuperelevationData If superData.Count > 0 Then Dim oArc As IAeccAlignmentArc Set oArc = oAlignment.entities(oAlignment.entities.Count - 1) Dim dR As Double dR = oArc.Radius

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CHNG 6: ALIGNMENT
dMaximumWideningWidth = vNumberOfTravelLanes * (dR - Sqr(dR * dR - vWheelbaseLength * vWheelbaseLength)) For Each superElem In superData If superElem.TransPointType = aeccSuperEndNormalCrown Then endNormalCrown = superElem.RawStation If superElem.TransPointType superElem.RawStation If superElem.TransPointType superElem.RawStation = = aeccSuperBeginFullSuper aeccSuperEndFullSuper Then Then beginFullSuper endFullSuper = =

If superElem.TransPointType = aeccSuperBeginNormalCrown Then beginNormalCrown = superElem.RawStation Next If cStation < beginFullSuper And cStation > endNormalCrown Then deltaWidth = ((cStation - endNormalCrown) / (beginFullSuper - endNormalCrown)) * dMaximumWideningWidth ElseIf cStation >= beginFullSuper And cStation <= endFullSuper Then deltaWidth = dMaximumWideningWidth ElseIf cStation > endFullSuper And cStation < beginNormalCrown Then deltaWidth = (1 - ((cStation - endFullSuper) / (beginNormalCrown - endFullSuper))) * dMaximumWideningWidth End If vWidth = vWidth + deltaWidth End If

Nh vy iu thay i tnh ton m rng ng cng thc theo tiu chun VN l rt n gin.

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC


Bao gm nhm i tng trong trc dc nh trc dc t nhin, trc dc thit k (ng ) Trc dc sau khi thit k c lu tr trong th Prospector trn thanh Toolspace nh sau: Site\ Alignments\ Design Alignment name\ Profile Profile view.

Ty bin hin th trc dc


Lm vic vi nhm Profile v Profile View trong th Settings thanh Toolspace.

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

V d hiu chnh mt trc dc

Trc dc ban u khi cha hiu chnh

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC


Hiu chnh li Kch chut phi vo li ca trc dc v chn Edit profile view style. Dng th Display bt tt li v cc lable

Th Graph: hiu chnh t l cao :

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC


Hiu chnh li trc dc t nhin

Kch chut phi vo trc dc t nhin v chn Edit Profile Style v Edit Labels tin hnh hiu chnh kiu hin th ca trc dc, ta c kt qu nh sau:

Hiu chnh ng :

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

Hiu chnh cc thanh d liu trc dc

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

V d nh hnh trn, d liu ca Vertical Geometry ang l hnh chiu ca trc dc t nhin, ta s chuyn sang ly d lu ca ng : Vo hp thoi Profile View Properties\ th Bands Trong hng Vertical Geometry, chuyn Profile1 t tn trc dc t nhin sang ng (V2)

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

Cng trong d liu Vertical Geometry, cho hin th chiu di cnh ng v dc. Kiu d liu Vertical Geometry ang s dng l Geometry, ta hiu chnh li kiu hin th ny nh sau: Tm n kiu Geometry ang dng trong th Setting trn thanh Toolspace hoc chn lun trong hp thoi Profile View Properties\ th Bands

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

Kt qu:

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CHNG 7: PROFILE TRC DC

CHNG 8: ASSEMBLIES & SUBASSEMBLY

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CHNG 9: CORRIDOR M HNH MT BNG TUYN

CHNG 9: CORRIDOR - M HNH MT BNG TUYN

Assembly Thit k trc ngang theo mu


Subassembly: Cc b phn cu thnh nn mt mu trc ngang Thit k mt mu trc ngang chun v lu vo trong thanh ToolPalettes

Mt s mu Subassembly c sn trong Catalog h tr thit k nng cp

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CHNG 9: CORRIDOR M HNH MT BNG TUYN


OverlayBrokenBackBetweenEdges: Overlay Broken Back Between Edges

OverlayBrokenBackOverGutters OverlayCrownBetweenEdges OverlayMedianAsymmetrical OverlayMedianSymmetrical OverlayMillAndLevel1 OverlayMillAndLevel2 OverlayParabolic OverlayWidenMatchSlope1 OverlayWidenMatchSlope2


OverlayWidenWithSuper1

T nh ngha thnh phn trc ngang SubAssembly

C kh nng to mt hnh dng bt k cho khun trc ngang. C nh cc tham s (khng c tnh ng, v d nh khng c kh nng t m rng b rng khi i vo ng cong) Point, Link v hnh dng c th s dng. Nh vy c th render, tnh ton cc dng khi lng. Khng c kh nng can thip bng VBA

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CHNG 9: CORRIDOR M HNH MT BNG TUYN View/ Edit Corridor Section


Corridor Section l mt ct corridor ti cc v tr chn Assembly, c khai bo khi to Corridor trong hp thoi Frequency to Apply Assemblies:

Chc nng ny cho ta xem xt cc mt ct v hiu chnh ring Assembly ti mt ct , tng ng vi cng vic hiu chnh mt mt ct ngang c bit.

Viewing and Editing the Divided Highway Corridor


Phn ny lu khng ng n nn khng nh mc ch cho lm. Phn ny ta s tm hiu cch thc hin th tm thi m hnh Corridor v hiu chnh chng. Xem li cc v tr thay i siu cao:

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CHNG 9: CORRIDOR M HNH MT BNG TUYN

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CHNG 9: CORRIDOR M HNH MT BNG TUYN

1. With the corridor selected, right-kch. Kch Object Viewer. Use the Object Viewer to view, rotate, and orbit the corridor. When you are finished, press Esc to close the viewer.

- Kch chut phi vo Corridor v c -k


2. Kch Corridors menu View/Edit Corridor Section. 3. Press Enter and kch Divided Highway from the Select A Corridor dialog box. 4. Use the View/Edit Corridor Section Tools to view the corridor sections at each corridor station by kching from the dropdown list. (previous) and (next), and by selecting stations

>

Notice how the sections behave in different cut and fill situations, and in the superelevation transitions. For example, at station 4+50 the road is in a shallow cut on one side and deep cut on the other. The criteria set for the DaylightStandard subassembly caused it to use a 6:1 slope on the left side, and a 4:1 slope on the right side. 5. View the sections in full superelevation (6+50 to 12+25). Using the Centerline Pivot option on the depressed median subassembly causes the lanes and shoulders to superelevate about a point above the centerline ditch. A straight edge laid against the lane surfaces would pass through the profile grade point. 6. Close the View/Edit Corridor Section Tools when finished. HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009 Cng ty TNHH Cng ngh Hi Ha Http://harmonytech.com.vn Page 141

CHNG 9: CORRIDOR M HNH MT BNG TUYN


7. In the drawing, zoom in to the assembly so that its subassemblies are visible. 8. On the Prospector tab, under drawing Corridor-3b, expand the Assemblies collection. Right-kch Assembly - (1). Kch Properties. The Assembly Properties dialog box is displayed. 9. Kch the Construction tab. Kch MedianDepressedShoulderExt under Group - (1) in the item tree. The list of parameter names and values for the subassembly are displayed. 10. Kch the Default Input Value column for Centerline Pivot. Set it to Pivot about inside edge-of-traveled-way. 11. Kch OK. 12. On the Prospector tab, expand the Corridors collection, right-kch the corridor Divided Highway. Kch Rebuild to update the corridor model. 13. Kch Corridors menu View/Edit Corridor Section. 14. View a corridor section in the full superelevation region (stations 6+25 through 12+25). Notice that the profile grade is held at the inside edges-of-traveled-ways and the lanes and shoulders pivot about this point.

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CHNG 9: CORRIDOR M HNH MT BNG TUYN

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CHNG 9: CORRIDOR M HNH MT BNG TUYN Creating Corridor Surface


- To cc mt Corridor-(1) Top v Corridor-(1) Datum nh trong Help Tutorials - Xem xt cao cc mt ti v tr STA=6+00

Cao gia Top v Datum chnh nhau khong 1,5, xem xt Asembly properties:

Chiu sau cc lp l 0,083 = 0,0253m = 2,53 cm

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CHNG 9: CORRIDOR M HNH MT BNG TUYN

B mt Corridor-(1) Top l b mt trn cng ca mt ung , bt u t 2 mp ta luy tri phi, bao gm c cc lp mt ng. B mt Corridor-(1) Datum l b mt di cng, cng to t 2 mp ta luy tri phi, b mt ny c trng nh nn ng pha di cc lp o ng. S chnh lch gia 2 b mt ny s i din cho khi lng vt liu chung cn cho cc lp o ng. V hin nhin n s l khi lng p c hin th trong thanh Panorama tnh ton khi lng.

Din tch mt ct ngang LaneOutsideSuper: 2x24x1.5 = 72 Din tch mt ct ngang 2x(11x1.5)= 33 Din tch mt ct ngang 2x(24x1.5)= 72 Tng = 177 1729.0486*177=

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CHNG 9: CORRIDOR M HNH MT BNG TUYN Rendering Corridors

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CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG

CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG


Vi AutoCAD Civil 3D ta c th thit k hon chnh mt mng li ng ng th hin trn c trn mt bng, trc dc v trn cc mt ct ngang. Cc i tng chnh l cc dng ng ng - Pipe v cc dng kt cu nh h thu, ca x - Structure. Nhng i tng ny c th t to hoc s dng cc mu c sn ca chng trnh theo hai h n v Metric v Imperial.

Cc i tng chnh trong mt Pipe Network


Pipe network mt mng bao gm cc b phn ng ng v kt cu cng trnh km theo. Pipe i tng ng ng. Structure i tng kt cu cng trnh km theo nh h thu, ca x. Null structure l i tng c bit ca i tng Structure c a vo mng ng ng khi ta u mt ng ng trc tip vo mt ng ng khc, m khng c kt cu no gi hai ng ng. Ging nh cc kiu khc ca i tng structure, tn ca i tng ny khng hin trn thanh cng c Prospector nhng li hin trong danh sch Prospector List View. Ta c th gn mt kiu no cho cc i tng Null structure tuy nhin chng khng th nhn thy c trong bn v. Part Catalog kho mu i tng v Pipe v Structure c nh ngha sn trong chng trnh, bao gm dng hnh hc ca Pipe v Structure, cc kch thc. Parts List Mi Parts List cha mt nhm cc dng i tng Pipe v Structure c lc ra t Part Catalog.

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CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG

Tm hiu cc mu sn trong Part Catalog


Cc mu Pipe
Cc dng mu cho ng (pipe) c chng trnh xy dng sn gm c: Dng Hnh hc Vt liu Concrete Circular Ductile Iron PVC Egg-Shaped Concrete Concrete Elliptical M t ng b tng hnh trn ng thp hnh trn ng nha PVC hnh trn Cng bt tng hnh trng Cng b tng hnh ellip Cng b tng hnh ellip vt bng nh: Pipe Elliptical Concrete Horizontal

Hnh 11.3: Concrete Horizontal Elliptical Concrete Culvert SI

Rectangular

Concrete Box

Cng hp b tng hnh ch nht

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CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG Cc mu Structure


Cc mu kt cu km theo c chng trnh to sn gm c: Dng Inlet-Outlet Ca x - ca thu Rectangular Hnh hc Vt liu Concrete Variable Height Concrete Slab Top Circular Frame Slab Top Rectangular Frame Two-Tier Circular Frame Slab Top Circular Frame Concentric Cylindrical Eccentric Eccentric TwoTier Circular Frame Junction without Frames Rectangular Cylindrical Cylindrical Rectangular Concentric M t

Rectangular

Junction with Frames

To mi mt Parts Lits:
Chn th Settings trn thanh Toolspace, m rng cy th mc Pipe Network, kch chut phi vo Parts Lists chn Create Parts List Trong hp thoi Network Parts List New Parts List, lm vic chnh vi hai th l Pipe v Structure:

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CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG

Hnh 11.1 Network Parts List to mi mt Parts List.

Trong th Pipe ca hp thoi Network Parts List nh trn hnh 11.1, kch chut phi vo New parts list chn Add part family, xut hin hp thoi Part Catalog nh sau:

Trong hp thoi hin ra, s dng cc mu ng (pipe) no ta tch vo mu nh trong hnh v chn OK.

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CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG


Lc ny cc mu c chn s nm trong hp thoi Network Pipe List ti hai th Pipe v Structure, ta kch chut phi vo mu v chn Add Part Size la chn kch thc cho mu.

Cc thng s kch thc ca Pipe


Kch thc cho mt mu Pipe gm c:

Gii thch ngha:


Wall Thickness Inner Pipe Diameter Cross Sectional Shape Minimum Curve Radius Manning Coefficient Hazen Williams Coefficient Darcy Weisbach Factor Material

Chiu dy thnh ng ng knh trong ca ng Hnh dng mt ct ngang H s nhm, thng ly bng 0,012 cho ng b tng H s Hazen Williams Vt liu

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CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG

Cc thng s kch thc ca Structure


Kch thc cho mt mu Structure gm c;

Gii thch ngha Ta c th hiu ngha ca cc thng s ny thng qua hnh minh ha di y:

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CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG


Thng s
Wall Thickness Vertical Pipe Clearance Structure Shape Structure Height Structure Diameter Rim to Sump Height Material Inner Structure Diameter Grate Frame Height Frame Diameter Frame Floor Thickness Cover Cone Height Barrel Pipe Clearance

Hnh m t

Ch :
Chn Add all sizes s dng ton b kch thc ca mu c nh trong Catalog.

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CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG


i vi nhng Structure khc nhau, hnh dng khc nhau, s c thng s khng c v lc n b n gi tr kch thc i. Trong mt mu Pipe v Structure, cc kch thc no c c nh cng s b n i v ta khng th thay i c chng.

Thit k mng ng ng Pipe network


Cc vn chnh quan tm trong qu trnh thit k mng ng ng bao gm cc vn chnh sau y: Kch thc ca cc b phn trong mng ng ng. Thit k mt bng mng ng ng cch thc thit k mng ng ng bm theo tuyn, thit k cc on thng, thit k cc on cong ca ng ng. Thit k chiu ng ca mng ng ng: o Cao t nh kt cu (structure) h ga, ca x o su chn u v cui on ng (pipe), dc dc on ng.

Cc bc thit k Pipe network:


Khi thit k Pipe NetWork c th tri qua cc bc cn bn sau y: 1. To Surface v Alignment Nn to trc Surface v Alignment v mng ng ng c th c gn mt Surface v mt Alignment no khi thit k cao v mt bng 2. To cc kiu hin th cho Pipe, Structure trong mt bng, trc dc v trc ngang 3. To Part List v cc mu ring t Part Builder nu cn thit, to Part Rules 4. To Pipe Network trn mt bng Menu Pipe/Create Pipe Network o By Layout o From Object Chn lin kt vi Surface v Alignment Chn Part List Chn Style v Lable

5. Kim tra phm vi nh hng giao ct (Checking for Intereferences) Trn mt bng ti nhng v tr c b phn ca mng giao ct nhau cn phi kim tra v khong cch cho php gia cc b phn

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CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG


6. Thit k hnh chiu ng ca Pipe Network Thit k cao ca cc b phn, dc thit k ca Pipe 7. p Part Rules cho cc b phn ca mng 8. To nhn, bng thng k cc b phn 9. a Pipe Network ra cc trc ngang khi bm theo Alignment

Thit k Pipe Network trn mt bng


C th s dng hai cng c thit k Khi dng thanh cng c layout tool thit k, vo Network Properties t tn cho Structure v Pipe, sau ny xut Label s khng phi chnh li nhiu.

Thm i tng vo mng

Tm hiu Part Builder


Part Builder c chc nng thit k nh hnh mt b phn no trong mng ng ng v c th lu tr nh mt thnh phn trong AutoCAD Civil 3D Part Catalog, tc l khi to mt mu v c th dng li bt c khi no.

Tng quan v Part Builder Placement Points


Use the Autolayout Data option to define the part placement point in the drawing. S dng cc la chn Autolayout Data xc nh v tr ca i tng c chn trong bn v. After finalizing the part model, you need to define the placement point for the part to ensure that it can be placed correctly in a drawing. The Autolayout Data option in the part browser controls how placement points can be defined. When you enable this option, an Autolayout Data folder is available in the part browser that includes commands for adding placement points. This is done by selecting a fixed point in the model. This point must be in the z = 0 plane. By choosing a fixed point, the parametric model will retain this position as it is dynamically sized.

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CHNG 10: PIPE NETWORK H THNG NG NG

The placement point is the insertion point used to place the part in a drawing. You simply specify a point in your model for the placement point.

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CHNG 11: CROSS SECTION & VOLUMES

CHNG 11: CROSS SECTIONS & VOLUNMES MT CT NGANG V KHI LNG


Cng vi mt thit k trc ngang(Assembly) Sections quy nh b rng hin th phi cnh ca a hnh sau khi p thit k trc ngang cho tuyn.

Hiu chnh bng trc ngang trong Civil 3D


Section View Properties:

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Band Type Style Description Gap Show Labels Major Interval (*) Minor Interval (*) Label Start Offset Label End Offset Section1 Section2 Surface1 Surface2 Weeding Stagger Lablels Stagger Line Height : Kiu d liu bng : Kiu : M t : Khong trng hai hng : Check hin th nhn : Khong tng li chnh : Khong tng li ph : Chn nhn v tr u : Chn nhn v tr cui : Mt ct 1 : Mt ct 2 : Mt 1 : Mt 2 : M rng

ang tip tc nghin cu n phn Band ca trc ngang. ang thc mc s th hin ca mt ct ngang thit k.

Creating Sample Lines


In this exercise, you will create a set of sample lines along the alignment. This
is the first step in generating cross sections.

The sample lines define the stations at which the cross sections are cut, and also the width of the sections to the left and right of the alignment. A set of sample lines is stored under a Sample Line Group for the alignment. Each sample line group has a unique name. Each line within the group also has a unique name. To create sample lines 1 Navigate to the tutorial drawings folder. Open the drawing Corridor-5a.dwg. 2 Turn OSNAP off.
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3 Kch Sections menu Create Sample Lines. 4 At the Select An Alignment prompt, press Enter to display the Select Alignment dialog box. 5 Select Centerline (1). Kch OK. The Create Sample Line Group dialog box is displayed. This dialog box defines the characteristics of the sample line group. The Imperial By Layer template contains pre-defined line styles and line label styles for the sample lines. 6 For Sample Line Style, select Road Sample Lines. 7 For Sample Line Label Style, select Name & Section Marks. The Section Sampling Defaults section lists the possible data sources for the cross sections. Data sources may include surfaces, corridor models, and corridor surfaces. Each surface and corridor surface results in a single cross-sectional string. Using the corridor model as a source includes all of the points, links, and shapes in the model. 8 Verify that the Sample check boxes are selected for all entries in the table. 9 You can double-kch a Style cell in the table to select the Section Style. Set the Section Styles to the following:
EG: Existing Ground Corridor - (1): All Codes

202 | Chapter 11 Corridors


Corridor - (1) Corridor - (1) Top: Finished Grade Corridor - (1) Corridor - (1) Datum: Finished Grade

10 Kch OK to close the dialog box.

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CHNG 11: CROSS SECTION & VOLUMES Kim tra li style: Finished Grade ca Corridor-6a
The Sample Line Tools toolbar is displayed. A Specify Station prompt is displayed at the command line. 11 On the toolbar, kch the Down arrow next to the Sample Line Creation Methods button . Kch From Corridor Stations. This option creates a sample line at each station found in the corridor model. The Create Sample Lines - From Corridor Sections dialog box is displayed. This dialog box provides settings for defining the station range and widths of the sample lines. Note that it includes options for setting the Start Station and End Station, and for using offset alignments to set the Left Swath Width and Right Swath Width. 12 Set the Width values for both the Left Swath Width and Right Swath Width to 150. Kch OK. This creates and draws the sample lines and returns you to the Sample Line Tools for defining additional lines, if desired. 13 Close the Sample Lines Tools toolbar. 14 To continue this lesson, go to Creating Section Views (page 203).

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Section View Properties.


Distance from Centerline Distance from Centerline Side Offset from Centerline Offset from Centerline Side Section 1 Elevation Section 2 Elevation Section 1 Elevation Minus Section 2 Elevation Section 2 Elevation Minus Section 1 Elevation
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Previous Segment Direction Next Segment Direction Deflection Angle at Vertex

Section Segment Length Section segment slope length Section segment cross slope Section segment start offset Section segment start offset side Section segment start elevation Section segment end offset Section segment end offset side Section segment end elevation
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Section segment elevation change Section name Section surface name

TNH TON CC LOI KHI LNG

In this lesson, you will use the sample lines created in the previous tutorial to calculate cut and fill earthwork quantities. Earthwork and material volumes are calculated by comparing two sample line surfaces to each other. You can calculate quantities between sample lines derived from regular surface models and from corridor surfaces.

Khi lng cng tc o p v vt liu c tnh ton bng vic so snh 2 b mt sample line vi nhau. You c th tnh ton cc khi lng gia 2 sample line bt ngun t m hnh b mt chnh (b mt a hnh c m t li t thc a qua file d liu hoc ng ng mc ) v t b mt corridor User-definable tables specify which materials are defined by which surfaces, and the characteristics of these materials. Finally, average end area analysis is used to tabulate the material quantities along the corridor. Cui cng, bn kt qu din tch c s dng cho di dng bng khi lng vt liu dc theo corridor.

Reviewing Quantity Takeoff Settings


In this exercise, you will review the different settings available for quantity take off. To review quantity takeoff settings Trong bi tp ny, ta s xem li cc thit lp khc nhau c sn dng cho Quantity Takeoff. 1 Navigate to the tutorial drawings folder. Open the drawing Corridor-6a.dwg. Tm th mc Tutorial drawing, m bn v Corridor-6a 2 On the ToolspaceSettings tab, expand Quantity Takeoff Commands.
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3 Under the Commands collection, double-kch GenerateQuantitiesReport to display the Edit Command Settings - GenerateQuantitiesReport dialog box. 4 Browse through the various settings available, but do not change any settings. When finished, kch Cancel. c lt qua cc thit lp khc nhau c sn, nhng khng thay i mt thit lp no. Khi kt thc, chn Cancel. 5 On the ToolspaceSettings tab, expand Quantity Takeoff Quantity Takeoff Criteria. Three styles are defined under the branch. Ba mu c nh ngha di nhnh. 6 Double-kch the Earthworks style to open the Quantity Takeoff Criteria Earthworks dialog box. 7 Kch the Material List tab. This tab contains a pre-defined table for calculating earthworks (cut and fill) by comparing a Datum surface layer to an existing ground surface layer. Th ny bao gm 1 bng nh ngha cho vic tnh ton cng tc o p bng cch so snh a Datum surface layer to an existing ground surface layer. 8 Expand the Earthworks item in the table. You will use the Earthworks criteria in the next exercise to calculate the quantity takeoff. Note that the Condition for the EG surface is set to Base, while that of the Datum surface is set to Compare. This indicates that the material is going to be fill when Datum is above EG, and cut when Datum is below EG. Also note the three Factor values in the table: Ch rng gi tr Condition (trng thi) cho mt EG l Base (c s), trong khi gi tr ca mt Datum l Compare (so snh). Ng ny l vt liu l p nn Datum cao hn EG, v o khi Datum thp hn EG. Cng ch n 3 gi tr Factor (nhn t) trong bng: The Cut factor is typically used as an expansion factor for excavated material. It is usually 1.0 or higher.

The Fill factor is typically used as a compaction factor for fill material. It is usually 1.0 or lower.

The Refill factor indicates what percentage of cut material can be reused as fill. It should be 1.0 or lower.

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CHNG 11: CROSS SECTION & VOLUMES


9 Kch Cancel to close the dialog box. 10 To continue this lesson, go to Calculating Quantity Takeoff Volumes

Calculating Quantity Takeoff Volumes


In this exercise, you will use the Earthworks criteria to generate (pht sinh) a quantity takeoff report. Trong bi tp ny, ta s s dng cc tiu chun Earthworks php sinh mt bn tnh ton khi lng. This exercise continues from the preceding exercise, Reviewing Quantity Takeoff Settings (page 206). To calculate quantity takeoff volumes 1 Kch Sections menu Define Materials to display the Select a Sample Line Group dialog box.

2 From the Select Alignment list, select Centerline (1). 3 From the Select Sample Line Group list, select SLG-1. Kch OK. The Setup Materials dialog box displays a list of all items defined in the selected criteria.

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4 Verify that Quantity Takeoff Criteria field is set to Earthworks. 5 In the table, expand the Surfaces item. This shows surfaces EG and Datum. Next, you will set the actual object names that define those surfaces. 6 In the Object Name column, kch the cell for the EG surface. Set that cell to surface name EG. 7 For the Datum, set the Object Name to Corridor (1) Corridor (1) Datum. In the Earthworks criteria settings, EG is set as the base surface and Datum is set as the Compare surface. The Object Name fields specify which object calls for both an EG surface as the base and a Datum surface as the comparison. These are criteria that can be used with multiple projects and corridors. Trong thuc tnh Earthworks criteria, EG t nh l mt c s cn Datum t nh l mt so snh. Cc trng Object ch r i tng c t cho c 2 mt EG v Datum. The Object Name fields in the Setup Materials dialog box define a specific surface and corridor surface to map to the names in the Earthworks criteria.
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CHNG 11: CROSS SECTION & VOLUMES


8 Kch OK to close the dialog box and calculate the quantities. The calculation is performed and a list of materials is stored with the sample line group properties. To view the results of the calculation, you will create a volume report. S tnh ton c thc hin v mt lis cc vt liu c lu tr cng vi cc thuc tnh nhm mu ng thng. Hin th cc kt qu ca s tnh ton, bn s to ra mt bn khi lng.

9 Kch Sections menu Generate Volume Report to display the Report Quantities dialog box. 10 From the Select Alignment list, select Centerline (1). 11 From the Select Sample Line Group list, select SLG-1. 12 For Select a Style Sheet, select Earthwork.xsl. 13 Select Display XML Report to automatically display the report after it is generated. 14 For Select a Material Collection, select Material List - (1).

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CHNG 11: CROSS SECTION & VOLUMES

This is the material list you created by calculating volume quantities for the sample line group using the Earthworks criteria. y l list vt liu bn bo ra t s tnh ton khi lng cho nhm sample line dng tiu chun Earthwork. V c nhiu tiu chun tnh ton p dng cho cc cng vic tnh ton khc nhau cc ln khc. 15 Kch OK. 16 The report is displayed.

Xut hin thng bo t Internet Explorer: Scripts are usually safe. Do you want to allow scripts to run? Cc bn chnh thng c bo mt mt cht. Bn c mun cho php cc bn ny chy khng?

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CHNG 11: CROSS SECTION & VOLUMES


The Cut Area is area of material in cut, times the Cut Factor defined in the quantity takeoff criteria, and the Fill Area is the area of fill material times the Fill Factor.

The areas for each material are averaged between stations and multiplied by the station difference to produce the incremental volumes. These are added from station to station to produce the cumulative volumes. Finally, the Cum. Net Volume value at each station is calculated as the cumulative Reusable volume minus the cumulative Fill volume. Calculating

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO - (CNG MC CH T)


Trong phn ny s hng dn mt cch tng quan nht thit k c mt nt giao (Junction) cng mc ch T, cc dng khc k c nt giao khc mc cng c thc hin gn tng t. Thit k mt nt giao ch T, vi cc thng s c bn sau: Hai ng giao ct l ng 2 ln, b rng ln bng nhau (vd = 3.65m) Bn knh cong trong nt giao R = 12m M hnh b mt ly bt k.

Step 1: Thit k m phng nt giao bng cc ng Polylines

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Sep 2: To cc ng Alignments c trng t cc ng Polylines.

Mt s cc ng c trng cn ch nh sau: Cc trc ng chnh (Main Centreline). ng nhnh (Side Centreline). ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao (JCT Left v JCT Right). on ng vin ca ng trc chnh v ng nhnh (Bellmouth)

ngha ca cc ng ny s dn lm r trong qu trnh thit k nt giao. Xp xp u tin cc ng nh sau: ng trc chnh ng nhnh ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao ng vin.
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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)


Nhng ng c u tin thp hn s thit k ng da vo m hnh mt bng ca cc ng c u tin cao hn. Tn cc Alignment ly nh hnh v trn.

Step 3: Thit k ng ca trc ng chnh


Ta c th ly lun ng ca trc chnh nu thit k, hoc thit k ring cho on qua ng giao ct. Cc s liu v d: Tn trc dc: Main Centreline Tn trc dc t nhin: Existing Ground - Surface (1) Tn ng thit k: Vetical

Step 4: Thit k ng ca trc ng nhnh


Phn ng nhnh ti on giao ct vi ng chnh phi ly cao bng mt bng ng chnh. Do , trc khi thit k ng ca ng nhnh phi to m hnh b mt ca ng chnh theo thit k ban u, m hnh ny l m hnh tm thi ch nhm phc v cng tc thit k ng ng ca ng nhnh.

Thit k mt ct ngang v to m hnh b mt cho ung chnh.


Mt ct ngang thit k y ch nhm mc ch to m hnh b mt ph c mc theo ng thit k, cc ng c u tin thp hn c thit k
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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)


ng theo m hnh b mt ny. Sau khi thit k c ht cc ng cho cc Alignment, cc m hnh b mt ph s c xa i v chnh thc thit k theo cc mt ct ngang chun.

Mu mt ct ngang ny ch quan trng dc ngang mt ng phi theo ng thit k, b rng ln ly rng hn ln thit k chun (ly vd v 2 pha l 5m). Tn Assembly: Temp S dng: LaneOutsideSuper

To m hnh b mt: Create Corridor: o Alignment: Main centreline (trc ng chnh) o Profile (ng ): Vertical o Assembly: Temp

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

M hnh mt bng ph nn bao c mt phn on cong ca hai ng gii hn nt giao. Create Corridor Surface Chn b mt l mt trn cng Specify code: Top. Cch thc xy dng m hnh b mt gii thiu phn trn

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

M hnh mt bng ph cho trc chnh sau khi xy dng nh sau:

Mt phn ca ng nhnh (Side road) nm trong m hnh va to, ng ca ng nhnh s ly theo cao b mt ca m hnh ny.
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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T) Thit k ng cho ng nhnh

Thit k trc dc cho ng nhnh (Side Centreline) trn c m hnh b mt a hnh ban u (Exsting Ground) v m hnh b mt ph ca trc ng chnh va to trn (Main Temp Surface).

Trc dc lc ny c dng:

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Thit k ng cho ng nhnh. ng cho ng nhnh phi c mt phn ln trc dc t nhin trn b mt Main Temp Surface.

Tn ng ca ng nhnh trong v d l: Vertical (1)

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Step 5: Thit k ng cho cc ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao


Tng t nh thit k ng cho ng nhnh, cc ng gii hn ngoi hay ng vin khc cong trong nt giao c mt phn ly theo cao mt bng ca ng chnh, mt phn ly theo cao ca ng nhnh. Ta cn phi xy dng m hnh b mt ph cho ng nhnh.

Xy dng m hnh mt bng ph cho ng nhnh

Ta vn ly mu mt ct Temp trn to m hnh mt bng ph cho ng nhnh. Create Corridor:

M hnh mt bng to trn mt on ng nhnh, nn bao qua mt phn on cong ca cc ng vin nt giao, to nn cc on chuyn tip cao ca ng chnh v ng nhnh. Create Corridor Surface.
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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)


M hnh b mt va to ly tn v d l: Side Temp Surface

Thit k ng cho ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao.


Thit k cc trc dc t nhin. Trc dc t nhin ca cc ng gii hn ny gm 3 phn, mt phn da trn b mt a hnh ban u (Exsting Ground), mt phn da trn b mt ph ca ng chnh (Main Temp Surface), mt phn da trn b mt ph ca ng nhnh (Side Temp Surface)

Thit k ng Thit k nh thng thng, ng nn thit k sao cho gn nh ln 2 phn trc dc t nhin trn 2 b mt ph ca ng chnh v ng nhnh cng chnh xc cng tt, cc im giao ct vi ng ph v ng nhnh th bt buc ly cao bng cao b mt ca hai ng ny.

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Tn ng ca ng vin tri (JCT Left) l: Vertical (2) Tn ng ca ng vin tri (JCT Right) l: Vertical (3)

Step 6: Ly cao cho ng Bellmouth


Bellmouth ch l mt tn t cho mp ngoi mt ng ca ng trc chnh, ta ly cao ca ng ny ly theo cao ca m hnh b mt ca ng chnh. To trc dc ca ng Bellmount trn mt Main Temp Surface, nhng khng cn thit k ng .

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Trong hp thoi Create Profile from Surface, khng cn thit v trc dc ra ngoi bn v m ch cn chn OK.

Step 7: Xy dng cc mt ct tiu biu cho nt giao.

Cc mt ct tiu biu cn thit xy dng on ni trong nt giao nh sau: Mt ct thng thng trc nt giao ca ng chnh v ng ph (theo yu cu thit k) Nh trong bi ton v d, mt ct thng thng ca ng chnh v ng nhnh l ging nhau, b rng ln l 3.65m khng c gii phn cch. Tn Assembly: Typical Section HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009 Cng ty TNHH Cng ngh Hi Ha Http://harmonytech.com.vn

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Mt ct ngang ly tim l trc chnh, mt na nh mt ct thng thng, mt na bn theo ng Bellmouth. Tn Assembly: Section without kerbs

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Mt ct ly tim l cc ng gii hn ngoi ca nt giao (JCT Left, JCT Right), c mt na bm theo ng Bellmouth, ng nhnh v mt na ging vi phn vai ng ca mt ct thng thng Tn Assembly cho ng JCT Left: JCT Lane to Right

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Tn Assembly cho ng JCT Right: JCT Lane to Left

Step 8: To Corridor ti nt giao


M hnh ti nt giao trong bi ton c th chia lm 3 phn nh sau:

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Tin hnh xy dng tng phn mt: Vng 1 () Chn Corridor menu\ Create Corridor Chn Alignment: Main Centreline Chn Profile: Vertical Chn Assembly: Section without kerbs

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Vng 2()

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)


Chn vo Corridor vng 1: Kch chut phi\ chn Corridor Properties\ th Parameters. Chn biu tng Add thm Baseline

Trong Baseline (2) mi nhp thm chn: - Alignment: JCT Left - Profile: Vertical (1) Kch chut phi vo Baseline mi to chn Add Region v chn Assembly l JCT Lane to Right

Region 1 mi to s kt thc ti v tr giao ct gia ng nhnh (Alignment Side Centreline) v ng Bellmouth.

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Chn vo thuc tnh Target ca Region 1 mi to, xut hin hp thoi Target Mapping v chn nh trong hnh v.

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Lc ny ln trong ca JCT Lane to Right s bm theo ng nhnh n im giao ct vi ng Bellmouth v c trc dc theo ng ca ng nhnh (Vertical (1)).

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Cng trong Baseline (2) to thm mt Region (2) vi - Assembly: JCT Lane to Right - im u: l im giao ct gia Side Centreline v Bellmouth. - im cui: l im kt thc ca JCT Left v pha ng trc chnh Main Centreline.

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

- Thuc tnh Target ca Region (2) chn nh trong hnh

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)


Lc ny ln trong ca JCT Lane to Right s bm theo ng Bellmouth v c trc dc ca ng Bellmouth trn m hnh b mt Main Temp Surface.

Vng 3 Lm tng t nh vng 2 vi Alignment l JCT Right.

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Step 9: Hon thnh m hnh nt giao


hon thnh m hnh hon chnh ca nt giao trn b mt a hnh ban u (Existing Ground): Kch chut phi vo Corridor ca nt giao va to, chn Corridor Properties, chn th Parametre, chn set all Targets, chn Kch here to set all, chn mt Existing Ground.

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Trn trc ng chnh v trc ng nhnh s dng mt ct ngang thng thng (Typical Section) to m hnh b mt tuyn nh thng thng.

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

Ta c th to mt trn cng ca m hnh b mt nt giao va mi to v kim tra li mt cch trc quan hn kt qu va thit k vi cc mi tn hng dc hay m hnh 3D.

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CHNG 12: NG DNG TRONG THIT K NT GIAO (CH T)

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CHNG 13: GRADING

CHNG 13: GRADING THIT K M HNH SAN LP & TNH TON KHI LNG SAN LP.
AutoCAD Civil 3D h tr vic thit k san lp a hnh qua cc bc c th nh sau: To ng c s Feature line. Thit k m hnh t cc ng Feature line. To chn taluy xung a hnh t nhin. To m hnh hon chnh v ghp chung v t nhin.

Hiu mt s vn khi lm vic


Cc hp thoi:
Create Feature lines Hp thoi khi to ng Feature line t ng Polyline (hoc cc i tng khc)

Erase existing entities: Xa i tng c khi to Feature line ( y l ng Polyline b xa) Assign elevation: Gn lun cao cho cc nh Feature Line. Weed points: Loi tr im Assign Elevations Hp thoi xut hin khi hp thoi Create Feature Line ta la chn ch gn cao (Assign Elevation)
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CHNG 13: GRADING

Cc la chn (Options) Elevation: t cao cho ng Feature t gi tr in vo . From gradings: theo Grading. From surface: theo b mt o Insert intermediate grade break points:

Weeding Factors

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CHNG 13: GRADING


Site Properties:

Th Information: lu tr thng tin m t v tn ca Site. Th 3D Geometry: Thuc tnh Site Display Mode: Use elevation: ngha? Flatten elevation:

Thanh cng c Grading Creation Tools

Cc dng thit k: Grade to Distance: (nhp khong cch v dc). Yu cu la chn khong cch t Feature Line n ng sau thit k, lc cao ca ng sau thit k s c ni suy theo khong cch v dc o Select the feature: Chn vo ng Feature
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CHNG 13: GRADING


o Select the grading side: o Apply to entire length? [Yes/No] <Yes>: Y Yes: thit k ton b theo ng Feature. No: yu cu chn im u n th hai thit k. Select the start point: Station <0+898.09m>: Specify point or [Length]: Station <0+360.57m>: o Grading Criteria: Grade to Distance o Specify distance <1.000m>: 5 o Format [Grade/Slope] <Slope>: 2 o Invalid option keyword. o Format [Grade/Slope] <Slope>: S o Slope <2.00:1>: 2 Grade to Elevation: La chn cao v c dc ca mi o mi p thit k. Lu , cao la chn l cao tuyt i, khng phi cao chnh cao vi ng Feature Line. Grade to Relative Elevation: Tng t nh trn nhng cao la chn l cao tng i so vi ng feature line Grade to Surface: La chn dc ca mi p v mi o thit k chn taluy xung b mt t nhin. bt taluy xung b mt no ta chn nt

To ng Feature line.
To Feature line
Cc cch thc to mt ng Feature line. Vch ng Feature line trc tip. To ng Feature line t cc i tng ca AutoCAD Civil 3D

Vch ng Feature line

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CHNG 14: PARCEL

CHNG 14: PARCEL QUY HOCH CHIA L Nhng ch trong thit k Parcel
Pick a point within the parcel to be subdivided: Chn mt im trong Parcel chia l. Select start point on frontage:

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CHNG 15: MAP IN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D

CHNG 15: MAP IN AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D

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CHNG 16: SHARING THE MODEL

CHNG 16: SHARING THE MODEL

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PH LC 1: MT S RC RI V LI V CNH BO

PH LC 1: MT S RC RI V LI V CNH BO
Mt vi li cnh bo trong hp thoi Panorama:
Warning
Corridor is out of date and may be out of sync with other objects Corridor ht hiu lc v c th khng cn ng b cng vi cc i tng khc

Imformation
This profile view has data bands that require appropriate features(profile1, profile2 etc...) to be associated. Please set them through bands tab of profile view properties dialog.

Profile view ny c nhng d liu Band yu cu c nhng c tnh thch hp (profile1, profile2 vv) c th lin kt c. Xin t cho ng chng qua th Bands ca hp thoi Profile view properties. Xem xt th Bands trong hp thoi Profile view properties ti y! Point X, Y, Z ignored duplicate b qua im xyz bn sao.

Drawing Recovery

Trong ln lm vic trc ca bn, chng trnh t ngt b li (hng). Thng tin c ly li t cc file bn v c m trong thi gian .

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PH LC 1: MT S RC RI V LI V CNH BO
Danh sch cc bn sao lu hin th cc file d phng m chng sn sng lm vic lun. Double-kch vo cc file trn danh sch m v so snh ni dung ca chng. La chn file m d liu khi phc tt nht, s dng Save As ch r v tr th mc v tn ca file. - Li khng khai bo vn tc thit k trc khi p tiu chun tnh Superelevation.

Design speeds are not found for the current aligment! Please specify them in Design Speeds tab before computing superelevation parameters. Vn tc thit k khng c xy dng cho Aligment hin hnh! Hy ch r chng trong th Design Speeds trc khi s dng cc thng s siu cao. - Cch thc thay i khong cch cc.

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PH LC 1: MT S RC RI V LI V CNH BO

- Cnh bo: khi lm vic vi th Station Control

Bo trc! S thay i v tr im lin kt hoc gi tr ca im lin kt s xo tt cc station equation (hiu nhng kh gii thch), vn tc thit k v c th gy nh hng bt li cho cc i tng v d liu to ra sn t Alignment. OK tip tc hoc Cancel b d qu trnh hot ng ny.

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PH LC 1: MT S RC RI V LI V CNH BO
Tuy nhin d OK v thay i trong bn v m khng thy kt qu g, cn thay i lun trong gi tr X, Y trn nhng cng khng c. Al - ??? Ti sao sau khi to Alignment th cc Station c hin th, tuy nhin sau th cc Station nay li mt i ngay sau khi to xong Corridor

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PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG

PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG
Label Style Composer

Th Information:
Cha cc thng tin chung v kiu Label Style, v d l kiu Standard. Bao gm: Tn ku M t v kiu Ngui khi to v hiu chnh Ngy khi to v hiu chnh.

Th General:

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PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG

Profile view properties

Bands
D liu bands l cc d liu hnh chiu ca tuyn trn trc dc hoc bnh (siu cao, cong bng, cong ng, mt ct ) dc theo (profile view) trc dc ca (Alignment) tuyn. S dng th ny qun l d liu band c t cho profile view.

Band Type
Ch r loi (kiu) ca d liu band thm vo tp hp: Profile Data (d liu mt ct), Vertical Geometry (hnh chiu ng trn trc dc tuyn), Horizontal Geometry (hnh chiu bng trn bnh tuyn), Superelevation (siu cao), Sectional Data (d liu mt ct), hay Pipe Data (d liu ng).

Select Band Style


Ch r tng mu ring cho mi kiu d liu Band. Add >> Thm kiu Band vo trc hc, trc khi lm thao tc ny cn m bo chc chn rng nhng thit lp l ng cho kiu d liu Band, mu (style) v v tr.

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PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG
List of Bands Location Xc nh v tr kiu Band s hin th trn trc dc: trn cng hay di cng. Band Type Style Description Gap nh khong cch gia hng d liu cha n v hng d liu ngay trn (hoc di n) n. Alignment Ch ra i tng Alignment m n lm vic l g. Profile1/Profile2
Specifies which profile or profiles supply the data for the band. For example, if two profiles are specified for a Profile Data band, each station displayed in the band shows the elevation information for both profiles. Ch r mt ct hay nhng mt ct no cung cp d liu (cho) bng. Chng hn, nu hai Mt ct c ch r (cho) mt bng D liu Mt ct, mi nh ga hin th trong bng cho thy thng tin nng cao (cho) c hai Mt ct

Design Data
Specifies the source of the data displayed in the band.The options displayed depend on the type of data band:

Pipe Data Band: Select a pipe network in the drawing file. Sectional Data Band: Select a sample line group that is associated with the alignment in the profile view

This column is available only for Pipe and Sectional data bands.

Material
Specifies a material or list of materials for which data is displayed in a Sectional Data band. The options are generated using the properties of sample line groups that are associated with the alignment in the profile view.

Weeding
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PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG
Used only for labels at vertical geometry points on Profile Data bands only. Vertical geometry points or grade breaks that are closer than the weeding factor are removed, making it easier to read the remaining labels. Enter a positive number to specify a label exclusion distance.

Label at Start
Specifies whether the start end of the band is labeled.

Label at End
Specifies whether the end of the band is labeled.

Label Origin
Specifies whether or not the profile view origin is labeled with its station and elevation values.

Band Position Controls


Changes the position of data bands in the set and deletes unwanted bands.

Move selected data bands up.

Move selected data bands down.

Delete selected bands.

Import Band Set


Opens the Band Set dialog box. Select an existing band set to be added to the band set for the current profile view.

Save As Band Set


Opens the Band Set dialog box where you can save the current band set as a style for use with other profile views.

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PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG

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PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG

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PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG

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PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG

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PH LC 2: CC HP THOI V NG DNG

http://www.avat.com/training/elearning/media/edemos/pacificsoft/dp_grading/fra meset.htm (Avsd Solutions - Grading Calculation Functions within Design Point) Thinhj hom nay la ngyaf mddfdfdj

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PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH

PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH
Phc v Survey menu
1. Description keys: Cc kha m t. 2. Raw field data: D liu trng th y c th m ch d liu ton c 3. Traverse loops: Cc vng lp ngang 4. Survey command line language: Ngn ng dng lnh kho st 5. External database: C s d liu ngoi 6. General limits: Gii hn tng qut 7. Setup initial geometry for the Object: Thit t v tr a l gc ca d n 8. Point protection: Bo v im 9. Side-shot: nh chp mt cnh (hay c hiu l hnh chiu cnh) 10. Closure data: D liu kp kn 11. Batch file: file b 12. Company standard: Chun chung 13. Field book file: File s tay gi chp o c (nh dng *.fbk) 14. Fahrenheit: Thang nhit F 15. Instrument station: Trm my 16. Ditto Feature 17. Point Course Echo 18. Figure Course Echo 19. Point Coordinate Echo 20. Figure Coordinate Echo 21. Notify: Thng bo 22. Check Shots 23. Sequential on (point): im lin tip 24. Reunite key symbols: Tp hp cc k hiu kha 25. Coordinate Echoing: Di ta (b tay khng hiu lm) 26. Actual description: M t thc 27. Wildcard characters: K t thay th 28. Data collection: B tp hp d liu 29. Backsight point: im ngm 30. Foresight to right: Gc o phi 31. Foresight slope Distance: Khong cch dc 32. Foresight vertical Angle: Gc ng 33. Prism height: Chiu cao mia 34. Observation: Quan trc 35. Observation point: im o c, im quan trc 36. Erase all existing observation: Xa tt c cc thng tin ang tn ti 37. Compass rule method: Phng php thc cong 38. Closure Adjustments: Cc hiu chnh kp kn 39. Compass rule: Thc cong 40. Transit rule: Thc truyn HNG DN S DNG AUTOCAD CIVIL 3D 2009 Cng ty TNHH Cng ngh Hi Ha Http://harmonytech.com.vn Page 220

PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH
41. Crandall: Thc Crandall 42. Bnh phng ti thiu 43. iu chnh mng li cc bnh phng ti thiu 44. Length Weighted distribution: Phn b chiu di trng lng 45. Equal distribution: Phn b bng ngang 46. Calculation Criteria: Ch tiu tnh ton 47. Traverse Analysis: Phn tch Traverse 48. Balance Angle: Cc gc bnh sai 49. Vertical Adjustment: Hiu chnh theo phng ng 50. Synonyms: Cc tn ng ngha 51. Fault-Line: Dng c li 52. Break line: Dng ngt qung 53. Figure prefix: Tin t ca hnh C th hiu l mt cm k t m t chung cho cc im thuc cng mt hnh.

54. Duplicate points: Cc im nhn i 55. Loop number: S loop 56. Initial BS point: im ngm u tin 57. Occupied points: Cc im b chim 58. Final FS points: Cc im cui cng 59. Survey equipment settings: Cc thit lp thit b kho st 60. Horizontal collimation: Chun trc theo phng ngang 61. Vertical collimation: Chun trc theo phng ng 62. Horizontal Angle type: Loi gc theo phng ngang 63. Vertical Angle type: Loi gc theo phng ng 64. EDM refract index: Ch s khc x EDM 65. EDM wave constant: Hng s sng EDM 66. EDM offset: Dch chuyn EDM 67. Tilting: nghing 68. Measuring device: Dng c o 69. EDM scope: Phm vi EDM 70. EDM prop Error: Sai s t l 71. EDM constant error: Sai s khng i EDM 72. Horizontal/ Vertical Circle: Vng trn theo phng php theo phng ngang v ng 73. Target Alignment: Thng hng theo mc tiu 74. Theodolite: my kinh v
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PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH
75. Theodolite high error: Sai s theo chiu cao kinh v 76. Least squares: vung nh nht 77. Distance line: Nt biu th khong cch 78. Angle line: Nt biu th gc 79. Direction line: Nt biu th hng 80. Buried line: ng nt khut 81. Lots: L 82. Confidence interval: Khong tin cy 83. Error ellipses: Sai s hnh van 84. 2-3-dimensition: Kch thc khng gian 2-3 chiu 85. Calculation parameters: Tnh ton cc thng s 86. Max of iteration: lp li max 87. Coordinate convergence: Hi t ta 88. Ellipse scale factor: H s t l do dng van 89. Total # of unknown points: Tng s cc im cha bit 90. Total # observations: Tng s quan trc 91. Degrees of freedom: Cc t do 92. Confidence interval: tin cy 93. Number of iteration: lp 94. Chi square value: Tr s bnh phng Chi 95. Goodness of fit test: Sai s php o 96. Fails at the 5% level: Cc sai s mc 5% 97. SD: Khong cch xin 98. VA: Gc ng 99. ANG: Gc ngang

Phc v thit k ng trong Civil 3D


1. Alignment: A series of 2D coordinates (northings and eastings), connected by lines, curves, or spirals, used to represent features such as the road centerlines, edges of pavement, sidewalks, or rights-of-way. Mt series ca to 2D (bc v ng), c ni bi cc on thng, ng cong hoc ng xon c, c s dng miu t cho cc c trng nh tim ng, cc ng mp mt ng, cc va h, hay cc di p ca ng (USA)
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PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH
2. BVC: Vertical Tangent-Curve Intersect. 3. BVCE: Vertical Tangent-Curve Intersect Elevation. 4. BVCS: Vertical Tangent-Curve Intersect Station. 5. BVP: Profile Start. 6. Band: (n) di dt v mng; ai; np; di; bng; ng k Add data bands: Xut hin trong hp thoi khi to trc dc, cho php hoc khng to hng d liu ngoi..( kh gii thch) 7. Catch basin: Ming cng, ging thu nc. 8. Channel: - (n) eo bin; lng sng, lng sui; knh mng, rnh, lch; ng xoi; ng dn (nc du); (ngha bng) ng, ngun (tin tc, ngh, t tng) - (ngt) o rnh, o mng; chy xi (t) thnh khe rnh (nc ma); chuyn; hng vo, xoy vo (ci g); bo ng xoi.

9. Configure: dinh hinh the, cho mot hinh dang 10. Company: 11. Computing: (dt) s s dng 12. Contains: Bao gm AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 contains many new features and enhancements: AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 bao gm nhiu c trng v nt ni bt mi. 13. Corridor Any path, the length and location of which is typically governed by one or more horizontal and vertical alignments. Examples are roadways, railways, traveled ways, channels, ditches, utility runs, and airport runways. Bt k ng (dn) no th chiu di v v tr ca n u chu nh hng bi mt hoc nhiu hnh chiu nm v hnh chiu cng, v ng ng ca Alignment. Nhng v d nh ng t, ng st, phn xe chy, knh, rnh, nhng on phc v cng bng sn bay. 14. Dam: (n) p; b nc. (ngt): xy p; ngn nc; (ngha bng) +up: ghm li, kim ch li. To dam up one emotion: kim ch ni xc ng 15. Direction: (n) s iu khin, ch huy ; li hng dn, ch th ; phng hng, chiu; phng din
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PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH
Reverse Alignment direction: o chiu Alignment thao tc ny trong AutoCAD Civil 3D lm cc i tng ca Ali i xng vi chnh n qua Alignment. 16. Enhancement: (dt) s l ni bt, nt ni bt. 17. Extract: (n) on trch; phn chit; (hc) cao. 18. EVC : Vertical Curve-Tangent Intersect. im phn ct gia ng cong v cnh tuyn ng. 19. Feature: c trng. New Features: Cc c trng mi. 20. Fixed: (adj) ng yn, bt ng, c nh; c b tr trc. Fixed point: im c nh; cht kim tra c nh. 21. Flip: di chuyn, bng. 22. Gather: (ngt) tp hp, t hp li; thu thp; ly li; hiu, kt lun, suy ra. 23. General: (dt) Tng qut, chung, tng th. 24. Geometry: Hnh hc. 25. HP: High Point. 26. Include: Bao gm 27. Increment: S tng thm, s gia. Station Increment: Khong tng ca cc cc. 28. Intersection: (n) s giao ct; ch ct ngang; im giao, ng giao Tangent intersection: ng tip tuyn. 29. Information: (n) S cung cp thng tin; s thng tin; tin tc, ti liu; kin thc. Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D, th Information trong cc hp thoi properties ca cc i tung s lu tr thng tin chung nht ca i tng nh: tn, c t (Description), kiu ca i tng. 30. Intersect: (ngt) phn ct; (nt) ct nhau. 31. Lay-out: (dt) Cch b tr, cch trnh by, s b tr, s trnh by. 32. Level Crown Station: Hiu l v tr c dc ti 2 hai mi u bng 0 qua nh. Hay 33. Levee: (n) con ; m khch; bui chiu i; bui tip khch khi va ng dy. (ngt) p cho. 34. Major: (dt) Chnh; nguy him, nghim trng.
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PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH
35. Object: (n) i tng. 36. Pavement: Mt ng. 37. Parking lot: Bi xe 38. Prospector: (dt) ngi iu tra, ngi thm d, ngi tm kim. Trong AutoCAD Civil 3D, th Prospector trn thanh Toolspace c th hiu l th lu tr cc cc i tng c to ra khi tin hnh thit k. Trn thanh Toolspace, th Settings gip ngi dng to v qun l thuc tnh cc i tng. 39. Parameter: (dt) thng s, tham s, tham bin, gii hn. 40. Panorama: (dt) Ton cnh 41. Profile: mt ct dc 42. PVI: Point of vertical Intersection In a profile, the point where two tangent lines meet. Trong mt ct dc, im m ni 2 cnh tuyn gp nhau. 43. Quantity: (n) s nhiu: Quantities: Chi tit thit k thi cng 44. Railway: (n) ng st. 45. Range: Dy, hng; loi; tm, phm vi Station Range: Phm vi Station, trong AutoCAD Civil 3D 2009 c sd khi xut trc dc, khng ch phm vi th hin trc dc t 2 u Alignment. 46. Rate: (n) t l; tc . 47. Recovery: Tm li c, khi phc c. 48. Reinstall: (ngt)Phc chc, cho lm li chc v. 49. Relationship: (n) Mi lin h, mi quan h; tnh thn thuc, tnh h hng 50. Renumber: m li; nh s li, ghi li. 51. Represent: (ngt) miu t, hnh dung 52. Reverse: nghch o, ngc chiu. 53. Rights-of-way (USA): cc di p ca ng. 54. Segment: (n) on, khc; phn, mng; phn t. 55. Set: (n) B; tp hp; dng dp, kiu dng; chiu hng, khuynh hng; thit b. 56. Sidewalk: va h, ng i b. 57. Solution: gii quyt, gii php; p n; ho tan 58. Specified: (adj) theo danh ngha, l thuyt.
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PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH
59. Specify: (ngt) ch r, nh r. 60. Spiral: (n) ng xon c. 61. Tag: th; buc, ni. 62. Tangent: (n) ng tip tuyn, (c th hiu l cnh tuyn) 63. Traveled way: (n) mt ng 64. Typically: (ph t) in hnh, tiu biu 65. Undivided: (adj) trn vn, hon ton 66. Utility run: on ng phc v cng cng 67. Visibility: (dt) S vic c th nhn thy c; tm nhn 68. Visualization: (n) s hnh dung, s mng tng. 69. Stratum
In geology and related fields, a stratum (plural: strata) is a layer of rock or soil with internally consistent characteristics that distinguishes it from contiguous layers. Each layer is generally one of a number of parallel layers that lie one upon another, laid down by natural forces. They may extend over hundreds of thousands of square kilometers of the Earth's surface. Strata are typically seen as bands of different colored or differently structured material exposed in cliffs, road cuts, quarries, and river banks. Individual bands may vary in thickness from a few millimeters to a kilometer or more. Each band represents a specific mode of deposition -- river silt, beach sand, coal swamp, sand dune, lava bed, etc. Geologists study rock strata and categorize them by the material in the beds. Each distinct layer is usually assigned a "formation" name usually based on a town, river, mountain, or region where the formation is exposed and available for study. For example, the Burgess Shale is a thick exposure of dark, occasionally fossiliferous, shale exposed high in the Canadian Rockies near Burgess Pass. Slight distinctions in material in a formation may be described as "members" or sometimes "beds." Formations are collected into "groups." Groups may be collected into "supergroups." The stratum is the fundamental unit in a stratigraphic column and forms the basis of the study of stratigraphy. In geology and related fields, a stratum (plural: strata) is a layer of rock or soil with internally consistent characteristics that distinguishes it from contiguous layers. Each layer is generally one of a number of parallel layers that lie one upon another, laid down by natural forces. They may extend over hundreds of thousands of square kilometers of the Earth's surface. Strata are typically seen as bands of different colored or differently structured material exposed in cliffs, road cuts, quarries, and river banks. Individual bands may vary in thickness from a few millimeters to a kilometer or more. Each band represents a specific mode of deposition -- river silt, beach sand, coal swamp, sand dune, lava bed, etc. Geologists study rock strata and categorize them by the material in the beds. Each distinct layer is usually assigned a "formation" name usually based on a town, river, mountain, or region where the formation is exposed and available for study. For example, the Burgess Shale is a thick exposure of dark, occasionally fossiliferous, shale exposed high in the Canadian Rockies near Burgess Pass. Slight distinctions in material in a formation may be described as "members" or sometimes "beds." Formations are collected into "groups." Groups may be collected into "supergroups."

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PH LC 3: T CHUYN NGNH
The stratum is the fundamental unit in a stratigraphic column and forms the basis of the study of stratigraphy.

Interstate road cut through limestone and shale strata in eastern Tennessee

Rock strata at Depot Beach, New South Wales

70. Section: Mt ct.

Nhng vn cn tm hiu thm


1.

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