KTTC

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng
GVHD:
PHN I: CNG TC O T H MNG

1. Chn phng n o v tnh khi lng cng tc o :
a.Chn phng n o:
Cng tc o t h mng cng trnh c th l o thnh tng h c lp ,
o thnh rnh mng chy di hay o ton b mt bng cng trnh . Vi cng trnh
cho c th o c lp hay rnh chy di . quyt nh chn phng n o
cn tnh khong cch gia cc nh mi dc ca 2 h o cnh nhau .
H o tng i nng nn o vi nn o vi mi dc t nhin, theo iu
kin thi cng nn t thuc loi st pha, chiu su h o (k c lp btng lt) H =
1,6 - 0,15 = 1,45m. Chn h s mi dc m = 1 : 0,25. Nh vy b rng chn mi
dc bng B = 1,45.0,25 = 0,36m. Ly B = 0,4m.
Kim tra khong cch gia nh mi dc ca 2 h o cnh nhau theo
phng dc nh:
250
250
-0,15
850
1450
950
400
-1,60
75
850
75
150
150
500 400
150
400 500
150
6000
s = 6 - 2(0,5 + a/2+0,4)
Khong cch b nht gia 2 nh mi dc:
-i vi mng bin: s = 6 - 2(0,5 + 2,6/2+0,4) = 1,6 m
-i vi mng gia: s = 6 - 2(0,5 + 2,8/2+0,4) = 1,4 m
Khong cch 0,5m t mp mng n chn mi dc cho cng nhn i
li thao tc (lp vn khun, t ct thp, v m btng. . .)
Nh vy khong cch gia 2 mi dc b nht l 1,4 m l kh ln nn ta chn
phng n thi cng mng c lp, dng my o su 1,25m sau o th cng
n su t mng khi ph v kt cu t di mng.
b.Tnh khi lng o t:
*.Khi lng t tng trc:
-Trc A :
SVTH:
Trang:1
GVHD:
250
250
-0,15
150
400 500
850
75
1450
1450
850
75
150
2700
150
400
500
2200
b
d
400 500
a
c
A
150
Do o tng h 1 nn ta tnh th tch o tng h sau cng li vi nhau.

V1 h = h.[ a.b+(a+c)(b+d)+c.d]/6
a = 2,7+2.0,5 = 3,7 m
b = 2,2+2.0,5 = 3,2 m
c = a + 2.0,4 = 4,5 m ; d = b + 2.0,4 = 4,0 m
+Mng M1: VM1= 1,45.[3,2.3,7+(3,7+4,5)(3,2+4,0)+4,5.4,0]/6=21,5 m3
+ Mng M5: VM5=1,45.[3,7.4,2+(3,7+4,5)(4,2+5,0)+4,5.5,0]/6=27,4 m3
VA = 14.VM1+VM5=1421,5+27,4= 328,4 m3
-Tnh ton tng t ta c khi lng t cc trc cn li.
+ Trc B,D (c kch thc mng bng nhau):
Mng M2: VM2= 1,45.[4,2.3,6+(4,2+5,0)(3,6+4,4)+5,0.4,4]/6=26,8 m3
Mng M6: VM6= 1,45.[4,2.4,6+(4,2+5,0)(4,6+5,4)+5,0.5,4]/6=33,4 m3
VB = VD = 14.26,8+33,4 = 408,6 m3
+ Trc C:
Mng M3: VM3= 1,45.[4,45.3,8+(4,45+5,25)(3,8+4,6)+5,25.4,6]/6
=29,6 m3
Mng M7: VM7= 1,45.[4,45.4,8+(4,45+5,25)(4,8+5,6)+5,25.5,6]/6
=36,7 m3
VC = 14.29,6+36,7 = 451,1 m3.
*.Tng khi lng o t cc h mng:
V = VA +VB + VC+VD =328,4+2.408,6+451,1= 1596,7 m3.
Nh vy khi lng o t bng my s l: (ly gn ng bng 95%V)
Vmy = 1596,7.95%= 1516,9 m3
*.Khi lng o t th cng:
-Lp y khoang o bng my:
V = 1596,7-1516,9 = 79,8 m3.
-Cc h mng ct sn tng:
Vst = 0,8.[2,552+(2,55+3,35)2 +3,352]/6=7,0 m3
- Tnh o t dm mng: dm mng c k ln mng qua
cc m b tng, cao trnh mp trn ca dm mng l -0,05m. Chiu cao ca
dm mng l 0,4 m nn ta o rnh t dm mng su 0,3 m. B rng
SVTH:
Trang:2
GVHD:
dm mng l 0,4m nn ta o rng ra 0,6m lp t sau khi t dm mng

v d thi cng.
+ Trc A: VdmA = 14.2,0.0,6.0,3 = 5,0 m3
+ Trc B,D: VdmB,D = 14.1,6.0,6.0,3 = 4,0 m3
+ Trc C: VdmC = 14.1,4.0,6.0,3 = 3,5 m3
+ Sn tng: Vdmst = 14.2,5.0,6.0,3 = 6,3 m3
Vdm = VdmA +2.VdmB+VdmC+Vdmst= 5,0+2.4,0+3,5+6,3= 22,8 m3.
-Tng khi lng o th cng:
V = 79,8 + 22,8 + 14. 7 = 200,6 m3
Do h o c lp c b rng khng ln( rng nht ch l 5,6m).
Chiu su h o nng 1,25m, do chn my o gu nghch, s o dc. t
o ln mt phn ti ch lp khe mng, phn t tha dng xe vn chuyn
ch i ngoi cng trng. Phn t tha tnh (theo th tch nguyn th) bng th
tch cc kt cu ngm (mng v dm mng).
*.Th tch cc kt cu mng:
-Mng M1: 2,38+1,37= 3,76 m3
-Mng M2: 3,33+1,58= 4,91m3
-Mng M3: 3,86 +1,58= 5,44m3
-Mng M4: 3,33 +1,37= 4,70m3
-Mng M5: 3,46 +2,56= 6,02m3
-Mng M6: 4,61 +2,96= 7,57m3
-Mng M7: 5,24 +2,96= 8,20m3
-Mng M8: 4,61+2,56= 7,17m3
-Mng M9: 0,72+0,36=1,08m3
*.Th tch chim ch bi tt c cc mng:
V= 14(3,76+4,91+5,44+4,70)+6,02+7,57+8,20+7,17+14.1,08=307,4 m3
*.Th tch do cc dm mng chim ch:
Dm mng c k ln mng qua cc khi m btng. Cao trnh pha
trn ca dm mng l - 0,05m. Tit din dm mng nh chn. Phn dm mng
nm trong nn t c tit din : 0,3.(0,35+0,2)/2 = 0,0825m2. Th tch chim ch
ca dm mng tnh vi chiu di ln nht 4,85m bng:
(2.14 + 20) . 0,0825 . 4,85 = 19,2 m3
*.Th tch btng lt chim ch:
14(0,75+2.1,02+1,16)+1,05+2.1,37+1,54+14.0,34= 65,4 m3
*.Tng th tch phn ngm: 307,4 + 65,4+ 19,2 = 392,0m3
*.Khi lng t li: 1596,7 + 200,6 - 392,0 = 1405,3m3
S di chuyn my:
SVTH:
Trang:3
GVHD:
15
1
A
C
S D I C H U Y
N C U A M A Y A O
S D I C H U Y
N C U A X E V
N C H U Y
N
V T R A O
T
V T R
T
Mt bng khoang o trc A:
M AY A O
XE V
N CHUY
N
1250
I-I
h lv=1800
Rx
>1500 400
3700
400
1500
chi
u r
ng
t
2. Chn t hp my thi cng:

a..Phng n 1:
Vi iu kin thi cng nh trn chn my o gu nghch EO-2621A c cc
thng s k thut sau:
-Dung tch gu: q=0,25m3
-Bn knh o ln nht: Ro max = 5m
-Chiu su o ln nht: Ho max = 3,3m
-Chiu cao t ln nht: H max = 2,2m
-Chu k k thut: tck = 20giy
SVTH:
Trang:4
GVHD:
*.Tnh nng sut ca my o:

-H s y gu kd ly bng 1,1; h s ti ca t kt = 1,25
-H s qui i t nguyn th k1 =kd/kt=1,1/1,25 = 0,88
-H s s dng thi gian ktg = 0,75
+Khi o ti ch:
-Chu k o ( gc quay khi t = 900) tdck = tck = 20s
-S chu k o trong mt gi: nck = 3600/20 = 180
-Nng sut ca ca my o: Wca = t. q. nck. k1. ktg
Wca = 7. 0,25. 0,88. 180. 0,75=208m3/ca
+Khi o ln xe:
-Chu k o ( gc quay khi t = 900):
tdck = tck. kvc = 20. 1,1= 22s
-S chu k o trong mt gi: nck = 3600/22 = 163,6
-Nmg sut ca ca my o: Wca = t. q. nck. k1. ktg
Wca = 7. 0,25. 0,88. 163,6. 0,75 = 189 m3/ca
*.Thi gian o t bng my:
- ng ti ch: t dd =
1405,3
= 6,75 ca
208
chn 7 ca.(h s thc hin
nh mc = 6,75/7=0,96)
- ln xe: tdx = 392/189 = 2,07ca . Chn 2 ca nn h s vt nh
mc =2,07/2 =1,035 (tng h s s dng thi gian lm vic)
*.Chn xe phi hp vi my vn chuyn t i .
-C ly vn chuyn: l = 1,5km , vn tc trung bnh vtb = 25km/h, thi
gian t ti bi v dng trnh xe trn ng ly:
td + t0 =2+5=7 pht
-Thi gian hot ng c lp: tx = 2.l/vtb + td + t0
tx = 2. 1,5. 60/25 + 7 = 14,2 pht
-Thi gian t yu cu: tb = tdx.tx/ tdd = 2.14,2/ 7 = 4,06pht
-Trng ti xe yu cu:
T cng thc tb = m. tdck = v. tdck/(q. kt) = P.tdck./ ( .q.kt)
P = . q. k1. tb/tdck =1,8. 0,25. 0,88. 4,06. 60/22
P = 4,38 tn.
Chn 2 xe GAZ-93 c trng ti P = 2,25tn, h s s dng trng ti:
kp = 4,38/4,5 = 0,97. Chiu cao thng xe 2,13m tha mn yu cu v
chiu cao t 2,2m
*.Kim tra t hp my theo yu iu kin v nng sut:
-Chu k hot ng ca xe: tchx= 14,2 + 4,06 = 18,26 pht.
-S chuyn xe hot ng trong 1 ca: nch= t. ktg/tchx.
ktg= 0,75.1,035= 0,78
nck= (7. 60. 0,78)/ 18,26 = 17,9 chuyn.
Ly chn 18 chuyn.
-Nng sut vn chuyn ca Xe: Wcax= nch. P. kp/
Wcax= 18.4, 5. 0,97/1,8 = 43,65 m3/ca.
-Thi gian vn chuyn ca mi xe : t =392/43,65 = 9ca; chn 9ca.
b.Phng n 2:
Chn my o gu nghch EO-3322B1 c cc thng s k thut sau:
SVTH:
Trang:5
GVHD:
-Dung tch gu: q = 0,5m3

-Bn knh o ln nht: Ro max = 7,5m
-Chiu su o ln nht: Ho max = 4,8m
-Chiu cao t ln nht: H max = 4,2m
-Chu k k thut: tck = 17giy
*.Tnh nng sut ca my o:
-H s y gu kd ly bng 0,8 v dung tch gu kh ln; h s ti ca
t kt = 1,25
-H s qui i t nguyn th k1 = 0,8/1,25 = 0,64
-H s s dng thi gian ktg = 0,75
*.Khi o ti ch:
-Chu k o ( gc quay khi t = 900) tdck = tck = 17s
-S chu k o trong mt gi: nck = 3600/17 = 211,76
Wca = 7. 0,5. 0,64. 211,76. 0,75 = 355,8m3/ca
*.Khi o ln xe:
-Chu k o ( gc quay khi t = 900):
tdck = tck. kvc = 17. 1,1= 18,7s
-S chu k o trong mt gi: nck = 3600/18,7 = 192,5
Wca = 7. 0,5. 0,64. 192,5. 0,75 = 323,4m3/ca
*.Thi gian o t bng my:
- ng ti ch:
t dd =
1405,3
= 3,95 ca
355,8
chn 4 ca.(h s thc hin
nh mc = 3,95/4=0,99)
- ln xe: tdx = 392/323,4 = 1,21ca . Chn 1 ca nn h s vt nh
mc l 1,21
-Tng thi gian o t c gii: T = 4+ 1= 5ca
*.Chn xe phi hp vi my vn chuyn t i .
-C ly vn chuyn: l = 1,5km , vn tc trung bnh vtb = 25km/h, thi
gian t ti bi v dng trnh xe trn ng ly:
td + t0 =2+5=7pht
-Thi gian hot ng c lp: tx = 2.l/vtb + td + ttr
tx = 2. 1,5. 60/25 + 7 = 14,2pht
-Thi gian t yu cu: tb = tdx.tx/ tdd = 1. 14,2/4 = 3,55pht
-Trng ti xe yu cu:
T cng thc tb = m. tdck = v. tdck/(q. kt) = P.tdck./ ( .q.kt)
P = . q. kt. tb/tdck =1,8. 0,5. 0,64. 3,55. 60/18,7
= 6,56 tn.
Chn 1 xe MAZ-503 c P =7tn, h s s dng trng ti:
kp = 6,56/ 7 = 0,94. Chiu cao thng xe 2,64m tha mn yu cu v
chiu cao t 4,2m.
*.Kim tra t hp my theo yu iu kin v nng sut:
-Chu k hot ng ca xe: tchx= 14,2 + 3,55 = 17,75 pht.
-S chuyn xe hot ng trong 1 ca:
H s s dung thi gian: 0,75. 1,21 = 0,91.
nck= (7. 60. 0,91)/ 17,55 = 21,8 chuyn ;
SVTH:
Trang:6
GVHD:
chn 22 chuyn
-Nng sut vn chuyn ca xe: Wcax= nch. P. kp/
Wcax= 22. 7. 0,94/1,8 = 80,4m3/ca.
-Thi gian vn chuyn: t = 392/80,4 = 4,9 ca.Chn 5 ca.
Nh vy c 2 phng n t hp my thi cng o t:
-My o EO-2621A v 2 xe GAZ-93;
-My o EO-3322B1 v 1 xe MAZ-503.
Xt s ph hp v thi gian v h s s dng trng ti th phng n 2 thch hp
hn. so snh ton din hn cn tnh thm cc ch tiu kinh t, nht l gi thnh
thi cng v chi ph lao ng.
Ta chn phng n 2 thi cng.
PHN II: THI CNG BTCT TON KHI MT CT

CNG TRNH
18,35
3600
17,95
3600
14,35
3600
10,75
3600
7,15
-0,60
3600
3,55
-0,05
-0,60
50
2200
4200
3900
1400
I.S liu thit k:

+ Cng trnh nh 5 tng 3 nhp khng i xng v cng xn.
L1 = 2200 mm
SVTH:
Trang:7
GVHD:
L2 = 4200 mm
L3 = 3900 mm.
+ Bc ct:
B = 3900 mm.
+ S bc ct l: 23 bc.
+ Chiu cao tng : H = 3600 mm ( 5 tng nh nhau).
+ Kch thc cc cu kin trong cc tng nh sau:
- Mng c mt bc vc:
Din tch mt di : AB = 32002600 mm.
h1 = 300 mm, h2 = 400 mm, h3 = 1300 mm.
su chn mng : h = 2000 mm.
+ Kch thc cc tng :
-Kch thc ct:
Tng 1,2,3 : 250450 mm.
Tng 4,5
: 250400 mm.
- Kch thc tit din dm chnh: 250400 mm.

- Kch thc tit din dm ph : 250300 mm.
- Chiu dy sn : 100 mm.
- Cng xn : 250350 mm.
- Dm bo : 150300 mm.
+ Hm lng ct thp cho 1m3 b tng mng
: 60 kg/m3
+ Hm lng ct thp cho 1m3 b tng ct
: 170 kg/m3
+ Hm lng ct thp cho 1m3 b tng dm chnh : 220 kg/m3
+ Hm lng ct thp cho 1m3 b tng dm ph : 150 kg/m3
+ Hm lng ct thp cho 1m3 b tng sn
: 25 kg/m3 .
II. Thit k vn khun:
H thng vn khun dm sn c 2 cch cu to nh sau:
+ H vn khun dm sn lm vic c lp, c h thng ct chng ring.
+ H vn sn lin kt li v gc ln x g, x g gc ln thanh lin kt vi vn
thnh ca dm chnh hay dm ph .
Cch th nht thng c p dng khi khong cch gia cc dm ln.
Cch th hai thng c p dng khi khong cch gia cc dm nh.
* Cc bc tnh ton:
- Chn chiu dy vn sn, vn y dm chnh, vn y dm ph .Kim tra vng
ca chng.
- Chn tit din ca x g v kim tra vng ca x g.
A. Phng n 1:
Thit k h thng vn khun dm sn lm vic c lp c h thng ct chng ring.
SVTH:
Trang:8
GVHD:
i vi cc sn c kch thc ln th p
dng phng n ny s ti u. V vy ta p dng
4,23,9 m.
+ Kch thc 1 sn cho nh sau:
1. Ct
2. Dm ph
3. Dm chnh
4. X g sn
+ Cu to vn khun dm chnh:
* Ghi ch:
1. Thanh x g
2. Thanh x g
3. X g sn
4. Thanh np vn sn
5. Vn sn
6. Np gi chn vn thnh
7. Np ng
8. Vn thnh dm chnh
9. Ct chng dm chnh
10. Vn dy dm chnh
11. Dy neo.
phng n ny cho cc sn 3,93,9 m v
5
8
11
3
10
+ Cu to vn khun dm ph:
4
3
2
* Ghi ch:
1. Np gi chn dm ph
2. Np ng
3. Vn thnh dm
SVTH:
Trang:9
GVHD:
4. Vn sn
5. Ct chng
6. Vn y dm
7. Dy neo
8. Np vn sn.
1. Tinh vn sn:
- S lm vic ca vn sn coi nh dm lin tc hai u khp gia gi ta l x
g.
- Chn g vn dy 3 cm theo qui cch g x.
- Ct mt di theo phng vung gc vi x g c b rng b = 1m tnh.
a. Ti trng tc dng:
- Trng lng BTCT :
0,126001 = 260 ( kg/m). n =1,2.
- Trng lng ca vn g : 0,036001 = 18 ( kg/m). n = 1,1.

- Hot ti thi cng : ly bng 250 ( kg/m) ( t 200 250 kg/m). n = 1,3.
Vy nn:
+ Ti trng tiu chun : qtc = 260 + 18 + 250 = 528 (kg/m).
+ Ti trng tnh ton : qtt = 2601,2 + 181,1 + 2501,3 = 656,8 (kg/m).
b. Tnh khong cch x g sn :
- Theo iu kin v cng :
M max =
10.M max
q tt .l 2
= >l =
10
q tt
Vi Mmax W.[ ]
W=
b.h 2 100 .3 2
=
= 150 cm 3
6
6
[] = 150 (kg/cm2) : ng sut cho php ca g lm vn khun.

=> Mmax 150150 = 22500 (kg.cm) = 225 (kg.m).
Nn:
l=
10 .M max
10 .225
1,85 m.
tt
656 ,8
q
- Theo iu kin v vng:

f =
q tc .l 4
1
128 .EJ
l => l 3
128 .EJ 400
400 .q tc
Vi : E = 105 kg/cm2.
SVTH:
Trang:10

J =
GVHD:
b.h 3 100 .33

=
= 225 cm 4
12
12
Nn :
128 .EJ
128 .10 5.225
3
=
= 111 cm = 1,11m.
400 .5,28
400 .q tc
l 3
Chn khong cch gia cc x g sn l : l = 1m.

2. Tnh x g v ct chng x g:
- Chn tit din x g 5 10 (cm) tho mn b/h = (1/2-3/4), cc ct chng lin kt
vi nhau bng cc thanh ging dc theo phng x g.
- S lm vic ca x g l dm lin tc c cc gi ta l cc ct chng x g,
chu ti trng phn b u.
a. Ti trng tc dng ln x g:
- Ti trng sn : + qtc = 528 (kg/m).
+ qtt = 656,8 (kg/m).
- Trng lng bn thn x g : 0,050,1600 = 3 (kg/m).
Tng ti trng tc dng ln x g :
+ Ti trng tiu chun : qtc = 528 + 3 = 531 (kg/m).
+ Ti trng tnh ton : qtt = 656,8 + 31,1 =660,1 (kg/m).
b. Tnh khong cch gia cc ct chng x g:
M max =
10.M max
q tt .l 2
= >l =
10
q tt
Vi Mmax W.[ ]
W=
b.h 2
5.10 2
=
= 83,3cm 3
6
6
[] = 150 (kg/cm2) : ng sut cho php ca g lm x g.

=> Mmax 83,3150 = 12500 (kg.cm) = 125 (kg.m).
Nn:
l=
10 .M max
10 .125
1,38 m.
tt
660 ,1
q

f =
q tc .l 4
1
128 .EJ
l => l 3
128 .EJ 400
400 .q tc
Vi : E = 105 kg/cm2.
J =
b.h 3
5.10 3
=
= 416 ,7cm 4
12
12
Nn :
SVTH:
Trang:11

l 3
GVHD:
128 .EJ
128 .10 5.416 ,7
=3
= 136 cm = 1,36 m.
tc
400 .5,31
400 .q
Chn khong cch gia cc ct chng l : l = 1,2 m.

3. Tnh ton kim tra tit din ct chng x g:
Chn trc tit din ct chng l 510 cm (tho mn b/h = 1/2 3/4) , b tr h
ging theo phng vung gc vi x g nh hnh v: ( chn thanh ging g c kch
thc 38 cm)
l/
4
l
l/2
l/4
50
100
S tnh ca ct chng l 2 u khp.
Ta c : lx = l/2 , ly = l .
Chiu cao ca ct chng: v cao ca cc tng nh nhau nn
l = 3,6-0,1-0,03-0,08 = 3,39 m.
=> lx = 3,39/2 = 1,695 m.
ly = 3,39 m.
Ti trng qui i tc dng ln ct chng l :
P = 1,2660,1 = 792,12 (kg).
* Kim tra n nh ca ct chng theo 2 phng:
- Theo phng x :
Jx
10 .5 3
=
= 1,44 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l x 1.1,695 .100
x =
=
= 117 ,7 < [ ] = 150 .
rx
1,44
rx =
( m = 1 l h s k n un dc).
- Theo phng y :
SVTH:
Trang:12

Jy
GVHD:
5.10 3
= 2,89 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l y 1.3,39 .100
y =
=
= 117 ,3 < [ ] = 150 .
ry
2,89
ry =
Ta c : max = x = 117,7
3100
3100
= 0,224 .
=> min = 2 =
max 117 ,7 2
iu kin n nh :
=
min .F
792 ,12
= 70 ,7 (kg/cm2) < = 150 (kg/cm2).
0,224 .10 .5
Vy tit din chn ca ct chng ( 5 10 cm) m bo iu kin n nh.

4. Tnh vn y v ct chng dm ph :
a. Tnh vn y dm ph :
- Tit din dm ph sn tng v dm ph dm mi nh nhau v bng : 250300 mm.
- Chn vn g dy 3 cm cho c vn y v vn thnh.
- S tnh: xem vn y dm l 1 dm lin tc k ln cc gi ta l cc ct chng.
* Ti trng tc dng :
+ Trng lng BTCT dm ph : 0,250,32600 = 195 (kg/m).
+ Trng lng vn g : (0,030,25 + 20,030,3)600 = 12,78 (kg/m).
+ Hot ti thi cng : 2500,25 = 62,5 (kg/m).
Tng ti trng tc dng ln vn y dm ph:
- Ti trng tiu chun : qtc = 195 + 12,78 + 62,5 = 270,28 (kg/m).
- Ti trng tnh ton
: q tt = 1951,2 + 12,781,1 + 62,51,3 = 329,31
(kg/m).
* Tnh ton khong cch gia cc ct chng :
M max =
10.M max
q tt .l 2
= >l =
10
q tt
Vi Mmax W.[ ]
W=
b.h 2
25 .3 2
=
= 37 ,5cm 3
6
6

=> Mmax 37,5150 = 5625 (kg.cm) = 56,25 (kg.m).
Nn:
l=
10 .M max
10 .56 ,25
1,31m.
tt
329 ,31
q

f =
q tc .l 4
1
128 .EJ
l => l 3
128 .EJ 400
400 .q tc
Vi : E = 105 kg/cm2.
SVTH:
Trang:13

J =
GVHD:
b.h 3
25 .33
=
= 56 ,25 cm 4
12
12
Nn :
l 3
128 .EJ
128 .10 5.56 ,25
3
=
= 87 cm = 0,87 m.
400 .2,7028
400 .q tc

b. Tnh ct chng dm ph :
Chn trc tit din ct chng g hnh ch nht 5 10 cm. B tr h ging dc theo
dm ph lc ny ta c :
lx = l/2 ; ly = l .( vi quan nim lin kt gia 2 u ct l khp )
Chiu cao ct chng : l = 3,6 0,3 0,03 = 3,27 m.
Ti trng tc dng ln ct chng dm ph l:
P = 0,85329,31 = 279,91 (kg).
* Kim tra n nh ca ct chng :
- Theo phng x :
Jx
10 .5 3
=
= 1,44 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l x 1.3,27 .100
x =
=
= 113 ,5 < [ ] = 150 .
rx
2.1,44
rx =
- Theo phng y :
Jy
5.10 3
= 2,89 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l y 1.3,27 .100
y =
=
= 113 ,1 < [ ] = 150 .
ry
2,89
ry =
Ta c : max = x = 113,5
3100
3100
= 0,241 .
=> min = 2 =
max
113,5 2
iu kin n nh :
=
min .F
279 ,91
= 23 ,2 (kg/cm2) < R = 150 (kg/cm2).
0,241 .10 .5
Vy tit din chn ca ct chng ( 5 10 cm) m bo iu kin n nh. Chn thanh

ging g c kch thc tit din 38 cm.
5. Tnh vn y v ct chng dm chnh :
a. Tnh vn y dm chnh :
- Tit din dm chnh sn tng v dm chnh dm mi nh nhau v bng : 250400
mm.
* Ti trng tc dng :
+ Trng lng BTCT dm chnh : 0,250,42600 = 260 (kg/m).
SVTH:
Trang:14
GVHD:
+ Trng lng vn g : (0,030,25 + 20,030,4)600 = 16,38 (kg/m).

+ Hot ti thi cng : 2500,25 = 62,5 (kg/m).
Tng ti trng tc dng ln vn y dm chnh :
- Ti trng tnh ton
: q tt = 2601,2 + 16,381,1 + 62,51,3 = 411,27
(kg/m).
M max =
10 .M max
q tt .l 2
=> l =
10
q tt
Vi Mmax W.[ ]
W=
b.h 2
25 .3 2
=
= 37 ,5cm 3
6
6

=> Mmax 37,5 150 = 5625 (kg.cm) = 56,25 (kg.m).
Nn:
10 .M max
10 .56 ,25
1,17 m.
tt
411 ,27
q
l=

f =
q tc .l 4
1
128 .EJ
l => l 3
128 .EJ 400
400 .q tc
Vi : E = 105 kg/cm2.
J =
b.h 3
25 .33
=
= 56 ,25 cm 4
12
12
Nn :
l 3
128 .EJ
128 .10 5.56 ,25
3
=
= 81cm = 0,81 m.
400 .3,3888
400 .q tc

b. Tnh ct chng dm chnh :
dm chnh lc ny ta c :
Ti trng tc dng ln ct chng dm chnh l:
P = 0,80411,27 = 329,02 (kg).
- Theo phng x :
Jx
10 .5 3
=
= 1,44 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l x 1.3,17 .100
x =
=
= 110 ,1 < [ ] = 150 .
rx
2.1,44
rx =
SVTH:
Trang:15
GVHD:
- Theo phng y :
Jy
5.10 3
= 2,89 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l y 1.3,17 .100
y =
=
= 109 ,7 < [ ] = 150 .
ry
2,89
ry =
Ta c : max = x = 110,1
3100
3100
= 0,256 .
=> min = 2 =
max
110 ,12
iu kin n nh :
=
min .F
329 ,02
= 25 ,7 (kg/cm2) < R = 150 (kg/cm2).
0,256 .10 .5

B. Phng n 2:
H vn sn lin kt li v gc ln x g, x g gc ln thanh lin kt vi vn thnh ca
dm chnh hay dm ph .i vi cc sn c5kch thc ln th p dng7phng n ny
6 s
ti u. V vy ta p dng phng n ny cho cc sn 2,23,9 m v 1,43,9 m.
10
* Ghi ch :
3
1. Thanh chng.
2. Thanh x g.
3. X g sn.
4. Thanh ghim.
5. Np thnh dm.
6. Np vn sn.
7. Vn sn.
8. Dy neo.
9. Ct chng b sung.
10. Vn thnh dm.
11. Ct chng vn y dm.
12. Vn y dm.
8
2
4
1
12
11
Cu to vn khun dm ph trong trng hp b sung ct chng.

B1. X g gc ln dm ph : p dng i vi cc sn c kch thc b. y l sn
c kch thc 2,23,9 m .
1. Tnh vn sn :
Chn vn dy 3 (cm) theo qui cch g x. Tnh ton hon ton ging phng n 1 v ti
trng tc dng v s tnh khng i.
2. Tnh x g, ct chng x g :
SVTH:
Trang:16
GVHD:
a. Trng hp khng c ct chng b sung :

X g c k ln 2 gi l dm ph nn s lm vic l dm k ln 2 gi ta.
Momen ln nht trn x g ( trng hp khng c ct chng)
M max =
q.l 2
8
Nhp tnh ton ca x g : lxg = 2,2- 0,25 = 1,95 m.

* chn s b tit din x g ta tnh nh sau :
Ti trng tc dng ln x g (cha k n trng lng bn thn x g) :
q = 656,8 (kg/m).
Ta c :
M max =
q.l 2
656 ,8.1,95 2
=
= 312 ,19 ( kg .m) .
8
8
Mt khc : M W.[]
=> W
[ ]
312 ,19 .100

= 208 ,1(cm 3 )
150
Chn x g c tit din hnh ch nht vi b = h/2.

b.h 2
2b 3
=
208 ,1(cm 3 )
6
3
208
,
1
.3
=> b 3
= 6,8(cm ).
2
W=
Nhn xt : ta thy trng hp ny x g c tit din kh ln nn khng kinh t. V vy

ta cn thm ct chng b sung gim tit din x g.
b. Trng hp c b sung ct chng :
Chn gia x g c 1 ct chng c tit din 5 10 cm.
X g c k ln 2 gi l dm chnh v ct chng nn s lm vic l dm lin
tc k ln 2 gi ta.
Momen ln nht trn x g :
M max =
q.l 2
10
Nhp tnh ton ca x g : lxg = 1,95/2= 0,975 m.

q = 656,8 (kg/m).
Ta c :
M max =
q.l 2
656 ,8.0,975 2
=
= 62 ,44 (kg .m) .
10
10
Mt khc : M W.[]
=> W
[ ]
62 ,44 .100
= 41,63 (cm 3 )
150

b.h 2
2b 3
=
41,63(cm 3 )
6
3
41
,
63
.3
=> b 3
= 4,0(cm ).
2
W=
Chn b = 5 cm. => h = 10 cm.

SVTH:
Trang:17
GVHD:
Vy tit din ca x g l 510 cm.

* Kim tra li kh nng lm vic ca x g :
- Ti trng tc dng ln x g :
+ Ti trng do sn truyn xung : qtc = 528 (kg/m).
qtt = 656,8 (kg/m).
+ Ti trng bn thn x g : 0,050,1600 = 3 (kg/m).
Tng ti trng tc dng ln x g : qtc = 528 +3 = 531 (kg/m).
qtt = 656,8 + 31,1 =660,1 (kg/m).
- Kim tra theo iu kin cng :
M max =
q tt .l 2
660 ,1.0,975 2
=
= 62 ,75 ( kg .m)
10
10
Momen khng un ca tit din :

W=
b.h 2
5.10 2
=
= 83,3(cm 3 )
6
6
Kim tra ng sut :

=
M max
62,75 .100
=
= 75 (kg / cm 2 ) [ ] = 150 ( kg / cm 2 ) .
W
83,3
- Kim tra theo iu kin vng :

iu kin kim tra:
1
q tc .l 4
1
l
128
EJ
400
Ta c : E = 105 (kg/cm2)
5.10 3
= 416 ,7(cm 4 )
12
1
5,31 .97 ,5 4
1
=>
= 0,090
97 ,5 = 0,244 .
5
128 10 .416 ,7
400
J =
Vy kch thc x g chn l hp l.

* Kim tra n nh ca ct chng b sung :
Ging ct chng theo phng vung gc vi x g.
Chiu cao ca ct chng: v cao ca cc tng nh nhau nn
l = 3,6-0,1-0,03-0,1 = 3,37 m.
=> lx = 3,37/2 = 1,685 m.
ly = 3,37 m.
Ti trng qui i tc dng ln ct chng l :
P = 0,975660,1 = 643,6 (kg).
- Theo phng x :
Jx
10 .5 3
=
= 1,44 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l x 1.1,685 .100
x =
=
= 117 ,0 < [ ] = 150 .
rx
1,44
rx =
SVTH:
Trang:18
GVHD:
- Theo phng y :
Jy
5.10 3
= 2,89 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l y 1.3,37 .100
y =
=
= 116 ,6 < [ ] = 150 .
ry
2,89
ry =
Ta c : max = x = 117,0
3100
3100
= 0,226 .
=> min = 2 =
max 117 ,0 2
iu kin n nh :
=
min .F
643 ,6
= 57 (kg/cm2) < R = 150 (kg/cm2).
0,226 .10 .5
Vy tit din chn ca ct chng ( 5 10 cm) m bo iu kin n nh. Chn tit

din thanh ging 38 cm.
3. Tnh vn y v ct chng dm ph :
a. Tnh vn y dm ph :
Cu to v ti trng tc dng ln dm ph hon ton ging phng n 1 nn vic tnh
ton vn y dm ph ging phng n 1.
b. Tnh ct chng dm ph :
Ti trng tc dng ln ct chng : vi cu to vn khun ca trng hp ny th ti
trng truyn xung ct qua h thanh c lin kt vi dm chnh nn c th gi ti trng
tc dng ln dm l ti trng phn b u gm cc loi sau :
+ Trng lng b tng sn : 0,10,9752600 = 253,5 (kg/m).
+ Trng lng b tng dm : 0,250,32600 = 195 (kg/m).
+ Trng lng g vn sn : 0,030,975600 = 17,55 (kg/m).
+ Trng lng g vn dm : (0,030,25 + 20,030,3)600 = 12,78 (kg/m).
+ Hot ti thi cng: 250(0,975+0,25) = 306,25 (kg/m).
Tng ti trng tnh ton :
- Ti trng tiu chun : qtc = 253,5+195+17,55+12,78+306,25 = 785,08 (kg/m)
- Ti trng tnh ton: qtt = (253,5+195)1,2+(17,55+12,78)1,1+306,251,3
= 969,69 (kg/m).
B tr h ging nh phng n 1.
Chiu di ca ct chng l : l = 3,6 0,3 0,03 = 3,27 m.
Do : lx = 3,27/2 =1,635 m.
ly = 3,27 m.
Ti trng tc dng ln ct chng dm ph :
P = 0,85969,69 = 824,24 (kg).
Chn ct chng c tit din 510 cm.
- Theo phng x :
SVTH:
Trang:19
GVHD:
Jx
10 .5 3
=
= 1,44 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l x 1.1,635 .100
x =
=
= 113 ,5 < [ ] = 150 .
rx
1,44
rx =
- Theo phng y :
Jy
5.10 3
= 2,89 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l y 1.3,27 .100
y =
=
= 113 ,1 < [ ] = 150 .
ry
2,89
ry =
Ta c : max = x = 113,5
3100
3100
= 0,241 .
=> min = 2 =
max
113,5 2
iu kin n nh :
=
min .F
824 ,24
= 68 ,4 (kg/cm2) < R = 150 (kg/cm2).
0,241 .10 .5

4. Tnh vn y v ct chng dm chnh :
Cu to v ti trng tc dng ln dm chnh hon ton ging phng n 1 nn vic
tnh ton ging phng n 1.
B3. Tnh vn khun dm bo, dm cng xn v vn khun sn cng xn :
i vi cc sn cng xn vi kch thc sn l 1,43,9 m ta chn phng n x
g sn gc ln dm ph v dm bo. Lc ny, v tit din dm bo cung gn ging nh
dm ph nn ta chn khong cch gia cc ct chng dm bo ging dm ph l 0,85 m.
1. Tnh vn sn :
Chn vn dy 3 (cm) theo qui cch g x. Tnh ton hon ton ging phng n 1 v ti
trng tc dng v s tnh khng i.
2. Tnh x g, ct chng x g :
X g c k ln 2 gi l dm ph nn s lm vic l dm k ln 2 gi ta.
Momen ln nht trn x g ( trng hp khng c ct chng)
M max =
q.l 2
8
Nhp tnh ton ca x g : lxg = 1,4- 0,15 -0,25/2 = 1,125 m.

q = 656,8 (kg/m).
Ta c :
M max =
q.l 2
656 ,8.1,125 2
=
= 103 ,9(kg .m) .
8
8
Mt khc : M W.[]
=> W
SVTH:
[ ]
103 ,9.100
= 69 ,3(cm 3 )
150
Trang:20
GVHD:

b.h 2
2b 3
=
69 ,3(cm 3 )
6
3
69
,
3
.
3
=> b 3
= 4,7(cm ).
2
W=
Chn b = 5 cm. => h = 10 cm.

Nhn xt : tit din va chn kh hp l nn ta khng cn b sung ct chng.
Vy tit din ca x g l 510 cm.
* Kim tra li kh nng lm vic ca x g :
- Ti trng tc dng ln x g :
+ Ti trng do sn truyn xung : qtc = 528 (kg/m).
qtt = 656,8 (kg/m).
+ Ti trng bn thn x g : 0,050,1600 = 3 (kg/m).
Tng ti trng tc dng ln x g : qtc = 528 +3 = 531 (kg/m).
qtt = 656,8 + 31,1 =660,1 (kg/m).
M max =
q tt .l 2
660 ,1.1,125 2
=
= 104 ,43 ( kg .m)
8
8

W=
b.h 2
5.10 2
=
= 83,3(cm 3 )
6
6
Kim tra ng sut :

=
M max
104 ,43 .100
=
= 125 ,4( kg / cm 2 ) [ ] = 150 (kg / cm 2 ) .
W
83,3

iu kin kim tra:
1
q tc .l 4
1
l
128
EJ
400
Ta c : E = 105 (kg/cm2)
5.10 3
= 416 ,7(cm 4 )
12
1
5,31 .112 ,5 4
1
=>
= 0,159
112 ,5 = 0,281 .
5
128
400
10 .416 ,7
J =
Vy kch thc x g chn l hp l.

3. Tnh vn y v ct chng dm bo :
Dm bo c kch thc 150 300 mm.
a. Tnh vn y dm bo :
* Ti trng tc dng :
+ Trng lng BTCT dm bo : 0,150,302600 = 117 (kg/m).
SVTH:
Trang:21
GVHD:
+ Trng lng vn g : (0,030,15 + 0,030,30+0,030,40)600 = 12,78

(kg/m).
+ Hot ti thi cng : 2500,25 = 62,5 (kg/m).
Tng ti trng tc dng ln vn y dm bo :
- Ti trng tnh ton : q tt = 1171,2 + 12,781,1 + 62,51,3 = 235,71
(kg/m).
M max =
10.M max
q tt .l 2
= >l =
10
q tt
Vi Mmax W.[ ]
W=
b.h 2 15 .3 2
=
= 22 ,5cm 3
6
6

=> Mmax 22,5 150 = 3375 (kg.cm) = 33,75 (kg.m).
Nn:
10 .M max
10 .33,75
1,20 m.
tt
235 ,71
q
l=

f =
q tc .l 4
1
128 .EJ
l => l 3
128 .EJ 400
400 .q tc
Vi : E = 105 kg/cm2.
J =
b.h 3 15 .33
=
= 33,75 cm 4
12
12
Nn :
l 3
128 .EJ
128 .10 5.33 ,75
3
=
= 83 cm = 0,83 m.
400 .1,9228
400 .q tc
Chn khong cch gia cc ct chng l l = 0,8 m.

b. Tnh ct chng dm bo :
Ti trng tc dng ln ct chng : vi cu to vn khun ca trng hp ny th ti
trng truyn xung ct qua h thanh c lin kt vi dm bo v dm ph nn c th gi
ti trng tc dng ln dm l ti trng phn b u gm cc loi sau :
+ Trng lng b tng sn : 0,1 1,1252600 = 292,5 (kg/m).
+ Trng lng b tng dm : 0,150,32600 = 117 (kg/m).
+ Trng lng g vn sn : 0,031,125600 = 20,25 (kg/m).
+ Trng lng g vn dm : (0,030,15 + 0,030,3 +0,030,4)600 = 12,78
(kg/m).
+ Hot ti thi cng: 250(1,125/2+0,25) = 203,13 (kg/m).
Tng ti trng tnh ton :
SVTH:
Trang:22
GVHD:
- Ti trng tiu chun : qtc = 292,5+117+20,25+12,78+203,13 = 645,66 (kg/m)

- Ti trng tnh ton: qtt = (292,5+117)1,2+(20,25+12,78)1,1+203,131,3
= 791,80 (kg/m).
B tr h ging nh phng n 1.
Chiu di ca ct chng l : l = 3,6 0,3 0,03 = 3,27 m.
Do : lx = 3,27/2 =1,635 m.
ly = 3,27 m.
Ti trng tc dng ln ct chng dm chnh :
P = 0,85791,80 = 673,03 (kg).
Chn ct chng c tit din 510 cm.
- Theo phng x :
Jx
10 .5 3
=
= 1,44 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l x 1.1,635 .100
x =
=
= 113 ,5 < [ ] = 150 .
rx
1,44
rx =
- Theo phng y :
Jy
5.10 3
= 2,89 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l y 1.3,27 .100
y =
=
= 113 ,1 < [ ] = 150 .
ry
2,89
ry =
Ta c : max = x = 113,5
3100
3100
= 0,241 .
=> min = 2 =
max 113,5 2
iu kin n nh :
=
min .F
673 ,03
= 55 ,9 (kg/cm2) < R = 150 (kg/cm2).
0,241 .10 .5

6. Tnh vn y v ct chng dm cng xn :
a. Tnh vn y dm cng xn :
- Tit din dm cng xn : 250350 mm.
* Ti trng tc dng :
+ Trng lng BTCT dm cng xn : 0,250,352600 = 227,5 (kg/m).
+ Trng lng vn g : (0,030,25 + 20,030,35)600 = 14,58 (kg/m).
+ Hot ti thi cng : 2500,25 = 62,5 (kg/m).
Tng ti trng tc dng ln vn y dm chnh :
- Ti trng tiu chun : qtc = 227,5 + 14,58 + 62,5 = 304,58 (kg/m).
SVTH:
Trang:23
GVHD:
- Ti trng tnh ton : q tt = 227,51,2 + 14,581,1 + 62,51,3 = 370,29

(kg/m).
M max =
10 .M max
q tt .l 2
=> l =
10
q tt
Vi Mmax W.[ ]
W=
b.h 2
25 .3 2
=
= 37 ,5cm 3
6
6

=> Mmax 37,5150 = 5625 (kg.cm) = 56,25 (kg.m).
Nn:
10 .M max
10 .56 ,25
1,23 m.
tt
370 ,29
q
l=

f =
q tc .l 4
1
128 .EJ
l => l 3
128 .EJ 400
400 .q tc
Vi : E = 105 kg/cm2.
J =
b.h 3
25 .33
=
= 56 ,25 cm 4
12
12
Nn :
l 3
128 .EJ
128 .10 5.56 ,25
3
=
= 84 cm = 0,84 m.
400 .3,0458
400 .q tc
V chiu di ca dm cng xn l 1,4 m nn ct chng chu lc tt hn ta chn khong

cch gia cc ct chng l : l = 0,70 m.
b. Tnh ct chng dm cng xn :
dm chnh lc ny ta c :
Ti trng tc dng ln ct chng dm chnh l:
P = 0,70370,29 = 259,20 (kg).
- Theo phng x :
Jx
10 .5 3
=
= 1,44 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l x 1.3,22 .100
x =
=
= 111,8 < [ ] = 150 .
rx
2.1,44
rx =
- Theo phng y :
SVTH:
Trang:24

Jy
GVHD:
5.10 3
= 2,89 cm.
F
12 .10 .5
m.l y 1.3,22 .100
y =
=
= 111 ,4 < [ ] = 150 .
ry
2,89
ry =
Ta c : max = x = 110,1
3100
3100
= 0,248 .
=> min = 2 =
max
111,8 2
iu kin n nh :
=
min .F
259 ,20
= 20 ,9 (kg/cm2) < R = 150 (kg/cm2).
0,248 .10 .5

C. Tnh vn khun ct v gng ct :
1. i vi cc tng 1,2,3 :
Kch thc tit din : 250450 mm.
tnh ton vn khun ct, khong cch gia cc gng ct ta phi xc nh p lc tc
dng ln vn khun.
p lc ln nht tc dng ln vn khun :
Pmax = .Hmax + p .
Trong : Hmax - chiu cao lp b tng gy p lc ngang.
p p lc tc ng ln vn khun khi b tng hoc khi m chn ng.
Thng thng cng tc b tng chia thnh tng t v mi t ly bng mt tng
nh v b tng theo th t ct, dm, sn. Chn cch b tng tng on cch nhau
0,75 m nn Hmax = 0,75 m.
tnh p ta d nh dng my m 116 ca Lin X vi cc thng s k thut sau :
- Nng sut : 3-6 m3/h.
- Bn knh nh hng : R = 35 cm.
- Chiu dy lp m : h = 30 cm < R.
=> Ly h = 30 cm.
Dng cng thc thc nghim : p = .h .
Nn : Pmax = (Hmax + h )
Ti trng phn b tc dng ln vn khun ct :
+ qtc = 2600(0,75 + 0,3)0,45 = 1228,5 (kg/m).
+ qtt = 1228,51,3 = 1597,05 (kg/m).
Chn vn g dy 3 cm.
Xem vn khun ct lm vic nh 1 dm lin tc t trn cc gi ta l cc gng ct.
* Khong cch gia cc gng ct :
- Theo iu kin cng :
M max =
10 .M max
q tt .l 2
=> l =
10
q tt
Mmax W.[]
SVTH:
Trang:25
GVHD:
b.h 2
45 .3 2
=
= 67 ,5cm 3
6
6
W=
[] = 150 (kg/cm2) : ng sut cho php ca g

=> Mmax 67,5150 = 10125 (kg.cm) = 101,25 (kg.m).
Nn:
l=
10 .M max
10 .101,25
0,80 m.
tt
1597 ,05
q

f =
q tc .l 4
1
128 .EJ
l => l 3
128 .EJ 400
400 .q tc
Vi : E = 105 kg/cm2.
J =
b.h 3
45 .33
=
= 101 ,25 cm 4
12
12
Nn :
l 3
128 .EJ
128 .10 5.101 ,25
3
=
= 64 cm = 0,64 m.
400 .12 ,285
400 .q tc
Chn khong cch gia cc gng ct l l = 0,6 m= 60cm.

Chiu di vn khun ct tng 1,2,3 l : 3,6- 0,4 = 3,2 m. Ta b tr 6 gng trn ton
b chiu di ct. Cc gng ct c ch to theo nh hnh.
2. i vi cc tng 4,5 :
Kch thc tit din : 250 400 mm.
Ti trng phn b tc dng ln vn khun ct :
+ qtc = 2600(0,75 + 0,3)0,40 = 1092 (kg/m).
+ qtt = 10921,3 = 1419,6 (kg/m).
Chn vn g dy 3 cm.
Xem vn khun ct lm vic nh 1 dm lin tc t trn cc gi ta l cc gng ct.
* Khong cch gia cc gng ct :
- Theo iu kin cng :
M max =
10 .M max
q tt .l 2
= >l =
10
q tt
Mmax W.[]
W=
b.h 2
40 .3 2
=
= 60 cm 3
6
6

=> Mmax 60150 = 9000 (kg.cm) = 90 (kg.m).
Nn:
l=
10 .M max
10 .90
0,63 m.
tt
1419 ,6
q

f =
SVTH:
q tc .l 4
1
128 .EJ
l => l 3
128 .EJ 400
400 .q tc
Trang:26
GVHD:
Vi : E = 105 kg/cm2.
J =
b.h 3
40 .33
=
= 90 cm 4
12
12
Nn :
128 .EJ
128 .10 5.90
3
=
= 64 cm = 0,64 m.
400 .10 ,92
400 .q tc
l 3
Chn khong cch gia cc gng ct l l = 0,6 m= 60cm.

tng 4, chiu di vn khun l 3,2 m ging nh 3 tng di nn ta cng b tr 6
gng. Ring tng 5, chiu di vn khun l 3,6 m nn ta b tr 7 gng cch nhau 0,6 m.
Cc gng ct c ch to theo nh hnh.
D. Tnh vn khun mng :
1. Tnh vn khun v gng c mng :
Tit din c mng : 350 550 mm.
Vic tnh ton vn khun c mng ta tnh ton hon ton ging vn khun ct.
Chn cch b tng tng on cch nhau 0,75 m nn Hmax = 0,75 m.
Ti trng phn b tc dng ln vn khun c mng :
+ qtc = 2600(0,75 + 0,3)0,55 = 1501,5 (kg/m).
+ qtt = 1501,51,3 = 1951,95 (kg/m).
Chn vn g dy 3 cm.
Xem vn khun c mng lm vic nh 1 dm lin tc t trn cc gi ta l cc gng
c mng.
* Khong cch gia cc gng :
- Theo iu kin cng :
M max =
10 .M max
q tt .l 2
=> l =
10
q tt
Mmax W.[]
b.h 2
55 .3 2
=
= 82 ,5cm 3
6
6
W=

=> Mmax 82,5150 = 12375 (kg.cm) = 123,75 (kg.m).
Nn:
l=
10 .M max
10 .123 ,75
0,63 m.
tt
1951 ,95
q

f =
q tc .l 4
1
128 .EJ
l => l 3
128 .EJ 400
400 .q tc
Vi : E = 105 kg/cm2.
J =
b.h 3
55 .33
=
= 123 ,75 cm 4
12
12
Nn :
SVTH:
Trang:27

l 3
GVHD:
128 .EJ
128 .10 5.123 ,75
=3
= 64 cm = 0,64 m.
tc
400 .15 ,015
400 .q
Chn khong cch gia cc gng l l = 0,6 m= 60cm.

Chiu di vn khun c mng l 1,3 m. Ta b tr 3 gng trn ton b chiu di c
mng. Cc gng c ch to theo nh hnh.
2. Tnh vn khun bc mng :
Chn b dy vn khun l 3 cm. Xem vn khun thnh lm vic nh 1 dm lin tc
t trn gi ta l cc thanh np ng.
Ti trng tc dng ln vn khun :
Pmax = .Hmax + p .
=> Pmax = (Hmax + h )
Chiu cao lp : Hmax = 0,3 m ( chiu cao bc mng )
Ti trng phn b tc dng ln vn khun thnh mng :
+ qtc = 2600 ( 0,3 +0,3)0,3 = 468 (kg/m)
+ qtt = 4681,3 = 608,4 (kg/m).
* Khong cch gia cc np ng :
- Theo iu kin cng :
M max =
10 .M max
q tt .l 2
= >l =
10
q tt
Mmax W.[]
b.h 2 30 .3 2
=
= 45 cm 3
6
6
W=

=> Mmax 45150 = 6750 (kg.cm) = 67,5 (kg.m).
Nn:
l=
10 .M max
10 .67 ,5
1,05 m.
tt
608 ,4
q

f =
q tc .l 4
1
128 .EJ
l => l 3
128 .EJ 400
400 .q tc
Vi : E = 105 kg/cm2.
J =
b.h 3
30 .33
=
= 67 ,5cm 4
12
12
Nn :
l 3
128 .EJ
128 .10 5.67 ,5
3
=
= 77 cm = 0,77 m.
400 .4,68
400 .q tc
Chn khong cch gia cc np ng l l = 0,75 m= 75 cm.

3. Tnh kch thc ca cc np ng :
Np ng lm vic nh 1 dm n gin k ln 2 gi ta l cc thanh chng chu t
trng t vn thnh truyn xung.
Ti trng tc dng ln np : ( 1 m di)
SVTH:
Trang:28
GVHD:
+ qtc = 2600( 0,3 + 0,3)0,75 = 1170 (kg/m).

+ qtt = 11701,3 = 1521 (kg/m).
Chn trc tit din thanh np l 48 cm.
Kim tra kh nng lm vic ca thanh np :
Momen ln nht trn thanh np :
M max =
q tt .l 2 1521 .0,3 2
=
= 17 ,11( kg .m)
8
8

W=
b.h 2
8.4 2
=
= 21,3(cm 3 )
6
6
Kim tra ng sut :

=
M max
17 ,11 .100
=
= 80 ,3( kg / cm 2 ) [ ] = 150 (kg / cm 2 ) .
W
21,3

iu kin kim tra:
1
q tc .l 4
1
l
128
EJ
250
Ta c : E = 105 (kg/cm2)
8.4 3
= 42 ,67 (cm 4 )
12
1
11,7.30 4
1
=>
5
= 0,017
30 = 0,120 .
128 10 .42 ,67
250
J =
Vy kch thc thanh np chn l hp l.

III. Thng k vt liu :
IV. T chc thi cng cng trnh :
Sau khi c y cc s liu ta tin hnh t chc thi cng b tng ti ch nh theo
phng php dy chuyn.
Thi cng b tng ti ch , ct dm sn chung nn ta chia thnh 4 dy chuyn n:
dy chuyn vn khun, dy chuyn ct thp, dy chuyn b tng, dy chuyn tho d vn
khun.
Chia cng trnh thnh 6 t thi cng :
- t 1: thi cng mng.
- t 2: thi cng tng 1
- t 6: thi cng tng 5.
Trong mi t ta chia lm cc phn on. Vic chia phn on c tin hnh da vo
cng tc b tng. Cc t th thi cng mi ngy 1 ca v mi ca l 1 phn on. S phn
on ti thiu trong mt dy chuyn c lin tc l: mmin 8.
- t 1( mng ): 13 phn on.
- t 2,3,4,5,6: 11 phn on.
SVTH:
Trang:29
GVHD:
Trong thi cng chng ta cn tho mn cc lin h u v lin h cui, cc gin on t

chc v gin on k thut. Gin on k thut c tnh nh sau: thi gian tho d vn
khun khng chu lc( vn khun mng) l 2 ngy; thi gian tho d vn khun chu lc
( vn khun tng) l 15 ngy.
Thnh phn cc t i chuyn ngip t chc nh sau:
- T i ch to v lp ghp vn khun: 4 ngi (Bc 4: 2 ngi; bc 3: 1 ngi; bc 2:
1 ngi). Vn khun mng chn 3 t th ( 12 ngi); vn khun tng chn 12 t th ( 48
ngi).
- T i lm cng tc ct thp: 9 ngi ( bc 2: 4 ngi; bc 3: 3 ngi; bc 4: 1 ngi;
bc 5: 1 ngi). Ct thp mng v cc tng chn 2 t th ( 18 ngi).
- T i lm cng tc b tng: 9 ngi ( bc 2: 4 ngi; bc 3: 3 ngi; bc 4: 1 ngi;
bc 5: 1 ngi). B tng mng chn 5 t i ( 45 ngi); b tng cc tng chn 4 t (36
ngi).
- T i lm cng tc tho d vn khun: 3 ngi ( bc 4: 1 ngi; bc 3: 1 ngi; bc 2:
1 ngi). Tho d vn khun mng chn 1 t i ( 3 ngi); tho d vn khun tng chn
3 t th ( 9 ngi).
Ring vi cng tc b tng gii hn gia cc phn on c b tr trng vi v tr mch
dng ( mi ngy 1 phn on).
V. Xc nh h s lun chuyn vn khun v khi lng g s dng :
1. H s lun chuyn vn khun:
H s lun chuyn vn khun c tnh cho cc kt cu cng loi:
- Dm chnh: ging nhau c 5 tng.
- Dm ph , dm cng xn, dm bo: ging nhau c 5 tng.
- Ct: ging nhau cc tng 1,2,3; ging nhau cc tng 4,5.
Thi gian chu k s dng vn khun ln nht c th nhn bit ngay trn tin thi
cng. Vn khun chu lc v khng chu lc tho d cng lc.
Tnh h s lun chuyn vn khun:
m
n=
S kv
vi: - m : s khu vc cho ton cng trnh.
m = s ca thi cng
- Skv : s khu vc cn ch to vn khun.
o
Tmax
t1k
t1k = thi gian vn khun/ thi gian b tng 1.
T0max : chu k s dng vn khun ln nht
T0max = t1 + t2 + t3 + t4 + t5 + ttc + tkt
t1: thi gian gia cng lp dng vn khun cho 1 cng on.
t2: thi gian t ct thp trong 1 phn on
t3: thi gian b tng trong 1 phn on
t4: thi gian tho d vn khun trong 1 phn on
S kv =
SVTH:
Trang:30
GVHD:
t5: thi gian sa cha vn khun

ttc: tng thi gian gin oan t chc
ttc: tng thi gian gin on k thut
a. Tnh h s lun chuyn vn khun mng:
T0max = 7 ngy.
Skv = 7 khu vc
m = 13
nm = 13/7 = 1,86 . Chn nm = 2.
b. Tnh h s lun chuyn vn khun dm sn:
Khi lng vn khun dm sn 1,2,3,4,5 ging nhau
T0max = 22 ngy
Skv = 22 khu vc
m = 55
nds = 55/22 = 2,5. Chn n = 3.
c. Tnh h s lun chuyn vn khun ct:
- Ct tng 1,2,3:
T0max = 21 ngy
Skv = 21 khu vc
m = 33
nc = 33/21 = 1,57. Chn n = 2.
- Ct tng 4:
T0max = 22 ngy
Skv = 22 khu vc
m = 11
nc = 11/22 = 0,5. Chn n = 1
- Ct tng 5:
T0max = 22 ngy
Skv = 22 khu vc
m = 11
nc = 11/22 = 0,5. Chn n = 1
T ta c bng h s lun chuyn vn khun:
Cu kin
Mng
Dm,sn 15
Ct tng 13
Ct tng 4
Ct tng 5
Skv
13
55
33
11
11
7
22
21
22
22
n
2
3
2
1
1
2. Xc nh khi lng vn khun cn s dng:

Khi lng vn khun cn s dng:
Q= 1,4.V(1+0,2n)
SVTH:
Trang:31
GVHD:
Vi V = V1.Skv
V1 l khi lng 1 b vn khun
1,4 l h s nhn vo k n cc chi tit cu to( np, ging)
n l h s lun chuyn vn khun
Kt qu tnh ton c ghi trong bng:
STT
Loi vn khun
Vn sn tng 1.5
Vn dm tng
1.5
Vn ct tng 1.3
Vn ct tng 4
Vn ct tng 5
Mng
Ch s
Skv
n
V1
V
Q'
Skv
n
V1
V
Q'
Skv
n
V1
V
Q'
Skv
n
V1
V
Q'
Skv
n
V1
V
Q'
Skv
n
V1
V
Q'
n v
khu
vc
ln
m2
m2
m2
khu
vc
ln
m2
m2
m2
khu
vc
ln
m2
m2
m2
khu
vc
ln
m2
m2
m2
khu
vc
ln
m2
m2
m2
khu
vc
ln
m2
m2
m2
Khi
lng
22
3
81.47
1792.34
4014.84
22
3
49.24
1083.2
2426.37
21
2
44.22
928.58
1820.02
22
1
43.31
908.8
1526.7
22
1
46.51
1023.2
1718.98
7
2
46
322
631.12
VI. Chn my thi cng :

1. Thng k khi lng vt liu ca mi khu vc trong tng:
Bng thng k trng lng vn khun ct thp ca mi khu vc trong tng:
Vn
khun
(T)
SVTH:
Ct chng dm Ct chng dm
chnh+cng xn ph + dm bo
(T)
(T)
Ct chng
X g
x g
(T)
(T)
Tng
Ct thp
cng
(T)
(T)
Trang:32

3.15
0.48
GVHD:
2.12
2.34
0.67
2.87
11.63
2. Chn cn trc thiu nhi vn chuyn vn khun v ct thp:

Chn cn trc loi T108, chn 1 chic.
Nng sut ca cn trc trong 1 ca: Q= Q0.n0.T.kg.ktg (T/ca)
Trong :
Q0: Sc nng ca cn trc, Q0 =0,5 T
n0: s ln nng ca cn trc trong 1 ca, n0 = 14
T: thi gian lm vic ca cn trc trong 1 ca, T= 8 gi
kg: h s s dng cn trc, kg = 1
ktg: h s s dng thi gian, ktg = 0,9
Vy nn Q= 0,514810,9= 50,4 (T/ca).
Lng vt liu vn chuyn
(T)
Tn my
11.63
T108
Sc
trc
0.50
Nng
sut
( T/ca)
50.40
Nhu cu
1
3. Chn my thng ti phc v vn chuyn b tng:

Chn my thng ti loi T41, chn 2 chic.
Nng sut my thng ti: Q= n.Q0 ( T/ca)
Trong : Q0: ti trng nng ca my, Q0 = 0,5 T
n: s ln nng vt trong 1 ca
n=
T .k tg .k m
t ck
T: thi gian lm vic trong 1 ca, T= 8 gi.

ktg: h s s dng thi gian, ktg = 0,85
km: h s s dng my, km= 0,85
tck: thi gian nng, h, bc d, tck= 6 pht.
n=
8.60 .0,85 .0,85

= 58 ( ln/ca)
6
Vy nn: Q = 580,5 = 29 (T/ca).

Lng b tng vn chuyn
(T)
Tn my
42,0
T41
Sc
nng
0.50
Nng
sut
( T/ca)
29
Nhu cu
2
4. Chn my trn b tng:

Chn my C-99 dung tch 250 lit, chn 1 my.
Nng sut ca my:
C.n.k1 .k 2 .8
(m3/ca)
N=
1000
SVTH:
Trang:33
GVHD:
C: dung tch hu ch ca thng, C= 250 lit.

n: s m trn trong 1 gi
n=
3600
T
( m)
T = tquay + tnp + td + tquay v = 3 pht

=> n =
3600
= 20
3.60
( m / h)
k1: h s co ngt ca b tng, k1 = 0,67

k2: h s s dng thi gian, k2 = 0,85
Vy nn:
N=
250 .20 .0,67 .0,85 .8

= 22 ,78 ( m3/ca)
1000
Khi lng b tng cn trn trong 1 ca: 16,8 m3

4. Chn my m b tng:
Khi lng b tng trong 1 ca
(m3)
Sn
8,22
Dm, ct
8,58
SVTH:
Tn my
N7
C-127
My m
Nng sut(m3/ca)
7-10
3-6
S lng
1
2
Trang:34

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n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

PHN I: CNG TC O T H MNG

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

Do o tng h 1 nn ta tnh th tch o tng h sau cng li vi nhau.

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

dm mng l 0,4m nn ta o rng ra 0,6m lp t sau khi t dm mng

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

Mt bng khoang o trc A:

2. Chn t hp my thi cng:

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

*.Tnh nng sut ca my o:

chn 7 ca.(h s thc hin

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

-Dung tch gu: q = 0,5m3

chn 4 ca.(h s thc hin

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

PHN II: THI CNG BTCT TON KHI MT CT

I.S liu thit k:

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

- Kch thc tit din dm chnh: 250400 mm.

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

phng n ny cho cc sn 3,93,9 m v

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

0,126001 = 260 ( kg/m). n =1,2.

- Trng lng ca vn g : 0,036001 = 18 ( kg/m). n = 1,1.

[] = 150 (kg/cm2) : ng sut cho php ca g lm vn khun.

- Theo iu kin v vng:

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

b.h 3 100 .33

Chn khong cch gia cc x g sn l : l = 1m.

[] = 150 (kg/cm2) : ng sut cho php ca g lm x g.

- Theo iu kin v vng:

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

Chn khong cch gia cc ct chng l : l = 1,2 m.

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

Vy tit din chn ca ct chng ( 5 10 cm) m bo iu kin n nh.

: q tt = 1951,2 + 12,781,1 + 62,51,3 = 329,31

[] = 150 (kg/cm2) : ng sut cho php ca g lm x g.

- Theo iu kin v vng:

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

Chn khong cch gia cc ct chng l : l = 0,85 m.

Vy tit din chn ca ct chng ( 5 10 cm) m bo iu kin n nh. Chn thanh

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

+ Trng lng vn g : (0,030,25 + 20,030,4)600 = 16,38 (kg/m).

: q tt = 2601,2 + 16,381,1 + 62,51,3 = 411,27

[] = 150 (kg/cm2) : ng sut cho php ca g lm x g.

- Theo iu kin v vng:

Chn khong cch gia cc ct chng l : l = 0,80 m.

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

Vy tit din chn ca ct chng ( 5 10 cm) m bo iu kin n nh. Chn thanh

Cu to vn khun dm ph trong trng hp b sung ct chng.

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

a. Trng hp khng c ct chng b sung :

Nhp tnh ton ca x g : lxg = 2,2- 0,25 = 1,95 m.

312 ,19 .100

Chn x g c tit din hnh ch nht vi b = h/2.

Nhn xt : ta thy trng hp ny x g c tit din kh ln nn khng kinh t. V vy

Nhp tnh ton ca x g : lxg = 1,95/2= 0,975 m.

Chn x g c tit din hnh ch nht vi b = h/2.

Chn b = 5 cm. => h = 10 cm.

n mn hc: K Thut Thi Cng

Vy tit din ca x g l 510 cm.

Momen khng un ca tit din :

Kim tra ng sut :