Professional Documents
Culture Documents
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A. PHN M U
I. L DO CHN TI:
Dng in khng i l mt phn trong chng trnh SGK vt l 11
hin nay, tuy trong chng trnh vt l lp 9 hc sinh c bit cc cng thc
v ghp cc in tr song song v ni tip nhng cc em mi ch tip cn cc
mch in n gin, hn na trong mt khong thi gian di cc em khng s
dng n cc cng thc ny m trong chng trnh SGK vt l 11 khng nhc li
cc cng thc v trong SGK khng c cc dng bi tp v cc mch in phc
tp nhng trong sch bi tp li c cc bi tp v cc mch in hn hp m nu
khng v li mch in th hc sinh s gp kh khn khi xc nh s mc cc
in tr. Trong ni dung ca ti
GII BI TON IN MT CHIU BNG PHNG PHP CHP MCH IN
tham kho.
2. Thao ging, dy th nghim.
3. D gi ng nghip, trao i, rt kinh nghim.
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Gio vin thc hin : Hong Th Loan THPT Lu nh Cht
Sng kin kinh nghim: Gii bi ton in mt chiu bng phng php chp mch in
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4. Kim tra, nh gi kt qu thc hin ti da vo kt qu hc tp ca hc
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Gio vin thc hin : Hong Th Loan THPT Lu nh Cht
Sng kin kinh nghim: Gii bi ton in mt chiu bng phng php chp mch in
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B. PHN NI DUNG
I. Ni dung bi tp v cch gii:
1. Ni dung:
V d : ( Bi 2.22 trang 23 sch bi tp vt l 11 nng cao )
Cho mch in nh hnh v 1.
Cho bit:R1 = R2 = 2 ; R3 = R4 = R5 = R6 = 4 . in tr ca cc ampe k nh
khng ng k.
a. Tnh RAB
b. Cho UAB = 12 V. Tm cng dng in qua cc in tr v s ch cc
ampe k .
A1
A2 E
R5
R4
A3
R6
.
B
R1 F
R2 H
R3
Hnh 1
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Gio vin thc hin : Hong Th Loan THPT Lu nh Cht
Sng kin kinh nghim: Gii bi ton in mt chiu bng phng php chp mch in
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a. Ghp ni tip
Ib = I1 = I2 = ... = In
Ib = I1 + I2 + ... + In
Ub = U1 + U2 + ... + Un
Ub = U1 = U2 = ... = Un
Rb = R1 + R2 + ... + Rn
1
1
1
1
=
+
+ ... +
Rb
R1 R2
Rn
sau:
Bc 1: t tn cho cc im nt trong mch in.
Bc 2: Xc nh cc im c cng in th: do dy dn v ampe k c
in tr nh khng ng k nn hiu in th gia hai u ampe k coi nh bng
khng, suy ra in th hai u ampe k l bng nhau.
Bc 3: Xc nh im u v im cui ca mch in.
Bc 4: Lit k cc im nt ca mch in theo hng ngang theo th t
cc nt trong mch in ban u, im u v im cui ca mch in hai
u ca dy hng ngang, mi im nt c thay th bng mt du chm, nhng
im nt c cng in th th ch dng mt chm im chung v di chm im
c ghi tn cc nt trng nhau.
Bc 5: Ln lt tng in tr nm gia hai im no th t cc in tr
vo gia hai im .
HOT NG 3: p dng cc cng thc c im ca on mch ni tip
3. p dng gii v d:
Bc 1: t tn cho cc im nt A, B, C, D, E, F, H nh hnh v 1.
Bc 2: Xc nh cc im c cng in th : VC = VD = VE = VB
Bc 3: Xc nh im u mch in:A; v im cui ca mch in
(B,C,D,E)
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Gio vin thc hin : Hong Th Loan THPT Lu nh Cht
Sng kin kinh nghim: Gii bi ton in mt chiu bng phng php chp mch in
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.
B
C,D,E
Hnh 2
Bc 5: Ln lt tng in tr nm gia hai im no th t cc in tr
vo gia hai im ( Hnh 3 ). C th:
in tr R1 nm gia hai im A v F
in tr R2 nm gia hai im F v H
in tr R3 nm gia hai im H v B
in tr R4 nm gia hai im A v C ( cng l nm gia A v B )
in tr R5 nm gia hai im F v D ( cng l nm gia F v B )
in tr R6 nm gia hai im H v E ( cng l nm gia H v B )
R5
.
A
R1
.
F
R2
.
H
R6
R3
.
B
C,D,E
R4
Hnh 3
T s mch in v li nh hnh 3, ta d dng xc nh c s
mc :
{ [ ( R3 // R6 ) ntR2 ] // R5 } ntR1
// R4
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Gio vin thc hin : Hong Th Loan THPT Lu nh Cht
Sng kin kinh nghim: Gii bi ton in mt chiu bng phng php chp mch in
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II. Bi tp vn dng:
Bi tp : ( Bi 2.27 trang 24 sch bi tp vt l 11 nng cao )
Cho mch in nh hnh v 1.
Cho bit:UAB = 6 V; R1 = R2 = R3 = R4 = 2 ; R5 = R6 = 1 ; R7 = 4 . in tr
ca vn k rt ln, in tr ca cc ampe k nh khng ng k. Tnh RAB, cng
dng in qua cc in tr, s ch cc ampe k v vn k.
A1
M
A
R2
R1
R7
P
A2
F
V
R3
R6
R4
Q
R5
Hnh 4
Sng kin kinh nghim: Gii bi ton in mt chiu bng phng php chp mch in
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Do vn k c in tr rt ln nn c th tm b on mch FH khi v
li s
Bc 3: Xc nh im u mch in:A; v im cui ca mch in
(B,K,H)
Bc 4: Lit k cc im nt ca mch in theo hng ngang nh hnh 5
A
///
P
.
N
///
F
///
Q
.
B
///
K
///
H
Hnh 5
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Gio vin thc hin : Hong Th Loan THPT Lu nh Cht
Sng kin kinh nghim: Gii bi ton in mt chiu bng phng php chp mch in
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R7
R1
.
A
///
P
.
R3
R2
R6
R5
B
///
K
///
H
N
///
F
///
Q
R4
Hnh 6
T hnh 6, ta thy on mch MN ( cha in tr R2 ) chung cho c on
mch AMN v on mch MNB, do on mch MN l cu. T ta v li
theo s mch cu c hnh 7.
R1
.
A
///
P
R3
R4
R2
R5
.
R6
R7
B(K,H)
N(F,Q)
Hnh 7
n y ta c s mch cu quen thuc, da vo s liu u bi ta c t
R
5
1
s: R = R . Vy y l mt mch cu cn bng, suy ra VM = VN, chp hai
34
67
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Gio vin thc hin : Hong Th Loan THPT Lu nh Cht
Sng kin kinh nghim: Gii bi ton in mt chiu bng phng php chp mch in
______________________________________________________________________
C. PHN KT LUN
I. KT QU NGHIN CU V P DNG:
Ti p dng sng kin kinh nghim ny cho hc sinh trong nhng nm
gn y v thu c nhng kt qu kh quan. Trc ht nhng kinh nghim ny
rt ph hp vi chng trnh SGK vt l lp 9 v lp 11. Hc sinh c hng th
hc tp hn, tch cc hot ng trong cc gi hc, ng thi cng rt linh hot
trong tng bi tp c th. Khng kh hc tp si ni, nh nhng. Hc sinh c c
hi khng nh mnh, khng cn lng tng, lo ngi khi gp dng bi tp ny v
ni dung sng kin kinh nghim c th p dng cho tt c cc bi ton v v li
mch in. khng nh c th kt qu ti, nm hc 2009 2010 ti p
dng ti ny trong ging dy lp 11 C 1 (lp thc nghim) v lp 11 C2 (lp
i chng), kt qu c ti 95% hc sinh lp 11C1 gii c thnh tho cc bi tp
v v li mch in cn lp 11C2 hc sinh thng lng tng khi gp cc dng
mch in ny v ch t c 20% cc em xc nh c bi ton.
II.BI HC KINH NGHIM:
Sau khi p dng thnh cng ti ny, bn thn ti thu c nhng kt
qu ng k v nhng kinh nghim qu bu cho bn thn nh sau:
1. i vi tt c cc mn hc ni chung v mn vt l ni ring u c nhng
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Gio vin thc hin : Hong Th Loan THPT Lu nh Cht
Sng kin kinh nghim: Gii bi ton in mt chiu bng phng php chp mch in
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HONG TH LOAN
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Sng kin kinh nghim: Gii bi ton in mt chiu bng phng php chp mch in
______________________________________________________________________
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