HIN TRNG V NH HNG

PHT TRIN LA, GO

CHT LNG CAO VIT NAM
Phm Vn D
Cc Trng trt

Festival la go Vit Nam ln th II 2011 ti Sc Trng

Cuc cch mng xanh t nm 1961-2000

Ci thin 74% cng tc ging

M rng gp i mng li ti tiu
Tng 35 ln vic s dng phn bn v thuc BVTV
Tng 25 ln c gii ha.
Gi lng thc gim 40%
Ngi thiu dinh dng gim t 35% (1970s) cn
17% (2000-2002)
Ti Chu :
Nm 2000 sn lng lng thc t 962 triu tn
tng 300% so nm 1961: 309 triu tn
(Source: FAOSTAT, July 2002 and Dr.
Borlaugs estimated on modern variety adoption,
based on CIMMYT and IRRI data)

Sn lng go XK
(ngn tn)

Sn Lng v Kim ngch xut khu go 2000-2010 Kim ngch

(triu USD)

8000

4000

6000

3000

4000

2000

2000

1000
0

20
00
20
01
20
02
20
03
20
04
20
05
20
06
20
07
20
08
20
09
20
10

Nm
Sn lng (ngn tn)

Kim ngch (triu la)

2.Khi nim v cht lng la, go

(i) Phm cht xay ch:
Go cp cao: thng gi l go 5 hoc go 10
Go cp thp: l go 30, hoc 25
T l go nguyn ny bin ng ty vo ma v, k
thut canh tc v bo qun sau thu hoch.
(ii) Phm cht cm:
Amiloze 0-2%: np, loi ny t c trn th trng.
Amiloze 3-20% cm do, th trng chim 30-40%.
Amiloze 20-25%: go mm cm. Loi ny chim th
trng rt ln: 60%. Hin go nc ta ang tp
trung vo nhm ny.
Amiloze > 25%: cm kh cng, nhm ny thng
c lm bnh trng hoc bn.

(iii) tr h: ngoi phm cht cm, go tt cn ph

thuc vo tr h, c cc cp sau:
tr h cp 1: kh nu.
tr h cp 5: Trung bnh (ging IR 64).
tr h cp 9: go nt v lng. Loi ny n
khng ngon. Ging hin nay c tr h v amilose
trung bnh l IR 64.
(iv) di ht go: trn 7 ly l tiu chun th hiu yu
cu.

(v) Bc bng: Yu cu t ra l khng bc bng. D

bc bng khng nh hng n cht lng nhng
y l th hiu ca th trng. Cc ging la thm
thng b khuyt im ny.
(vi) Mi thm: c chia lm cp 1, 2, 3. C th trng
hp v hin nay n v Thi Lan l 2 nc c
quyn.
(vii) Thc hin theo v sinh an ton thc phm v
truy nguyn ngun gc: sn xut theo cc tiu
chun GAP.

S pht trin sn xut la go cht lng cao

Chuyn i ma v
2000s - 2011
La 3 v: h thu ng xun thu ng

1990s
La 2 v: h thu ng xun

1980s
La 2 v: h thu - Ma

1970s
La mt v

Area (ha), Yield (t/ha), Production of wet

season compare to winter spring season from
2006-2010
Din tch v nng sut la h thu cc nm 2006-2010
Din tch
(1.000 ha)

Nng sut
(tn/ha)

1700

Din tch v nng sut la thu ng cc nm 2006-2010

Din tch
(1.000 ha)

Nng sut
(tn/ha)
4,8

600

4,6
4,8

1600

4,4
400

4,2

4,6

1500

3,8

4,4

200
1400

3,6
3,4

4,2

3,2
1300

4
2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Nm
din tch (1.000 ha)

3
2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Nm
Nng sut (tn/ha)

din tch (1.000 ha)

Nng sut (tn/ha)

Chuyn i c cu ging
Thng 5 -1966: nhp ni (IRRI) u tin ging IR 8
(Thn Nng 8),
T cui nm 1968 n 1974 nhp cc ging: IR 5, IR
20, IR 22, TN 73-1 TN 73-2
Nng sut cc ging la t bnh qun 4 tn/ha (tng
2 tn/ha so vi ging c truyn)

Din tch cc ging la ci tin nhp ni t IRRI (19661974)

Nm

Din tch

Tn ging

1966

2000 m2 IR 8 (Thn Nng 8 TN 8)

1967

40 ha IR 8 (Thn Nng 8 TN 8)

1968

23.373 ha IR 8 (Thn Nng 8 TN 8)

1969

204.200 ha IR 8, IR 5, IR 20, IR 22

1970

452.000 ha IR 8, IR 5, IR 20, IR 22

1971

674.740 ha IR 8, IR 5, IR 20, IR 22

1972

835.000 ha IR 8, IR 5, IR 20, IR 22, TN 73-1, TN

73-2

1973

890.000 ha IR 8, IR 5, IR 20, IR 22, TN 73-1, TN

73-2

 Lai to trong nc, sau 1975:

Trng i Hc Cn Th
Vin nghin cu la BSCL
- Cung cp 80% ging la cho canh tc BSCL

Mc tiu lai to ging la mi

Phc v cho thm canh, tng v (3 v/ nm)
+ Nng sut cao (7-8 tn/ha)
+ Ngn ngy (90-100 ngy)
+ Cht lng tt (ht di, mm, thm)
+ Chng chu dch hi (ry nu, chy l)
+ Thch nghi mi trng (hn, ng, mn, phn, l)
+ Hm lng Vitamine, Fe, Protein cao

Cc ging la ch lc cht lng cao cho xut khu BSCL

TT

Tn ging

Cht lng

Din tch SX
(ha/ nm)

D/R

bc
bng

Amylose
(%)

I. Nhm ging ch lc
1

OM2517

440.000

7,3

3,2

thp

24-25

VN95-20

225.000

7,2

3,3

thp

23-25

Jasmine 85

220.000

7,2

3,2

thp

20-22

OMCS2000

90.000

7,2

3,2

thp

25-26

OM3536

80.000

7,3

3,3

khng

22-24

OM2717

120.000

7,2

3,2

thp

25-26

OM2514

175.000

7,2

3,1

thp

25-26

Tng cng

1.350.000

p dng cc tin b k thut trong canh tc

+ Chng trnh nng dn tham gia th nghim, nm 1992 (FPR, 1992).
+ Chng trnh IPM (1995)
+ Chng trnh bn phn theo bng so mu l la nm 1998 (LCC, 1998).
+ Chng trnh Sc khe ht ging (Rice Seed Health, 1998)
+ Chng trnh qun l chut nm 1999 (cTBS, 1999).
+ Chng trnh 3 gim, 3 tng (Three reductions, 2003).
+ Chng trnh 1 phi, 5 gim 2007.
+ Xung ging tp trung, n ry (2007)
+ Chng trnh canh tc la theo hng VietGAP (2008).
+ Chng trnh lm t bng tia laser (2008)

Sn lng v gi xut khu bnh qun/tn go

2001-2010
Gi XK
bnh qun/tn(USD)

Sn lng
XK (triu
tn)
8,00

600

6,00

400

4,00
200

2,00
0,00

0
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010
SL go xut khu

Gi bnh qun/tn

Nm

So snh gi bnh qun xut khu go 5% tm ca

Thi lan v Vit Nam 2006-2010.
Gi Bnh
qun/nm
800 (USD/tn)

682
614

600

555
432

400

304

266

492
416

325 313

200
0
2006

2007

2008
Thi Lan

2009
Vit Nam

2010
Nm

So snh gi bnh qun xut khu go 25% tm ca

Thi lan v Vit Nam 2006-2010
Gi XK bnh
qun/nm
800
(USD/tn)
603
553

600

460

444
384

400
269 249

387

305 294

200

0
2006

2007
Thi Lan

2008
Vit Nam

2009

2010
Nm

Vng nguyn liu la xut khu theo

VietGAP - GAP

Vng nguyn liu la

xut khu

Cnh ng mu ln

Ghi chp s tay sn xut la

1 phi 5 gim

3 gim 3 tng

IPM
Canh tc thm canh
Phn bn - Thuc BVTV

Canh tc c truyn

1.
2.
3.
4.

1 n 2 Ging tt nht
Cm ch bin tt nht
Nng dn hng li nhiu nht
Thng hiu go Vit Nam

nh hng pht trin cht lng la, go Vit Nam

(i) nng sut, sn lng la phi n nh trong tng
v la
(ii) gim thiu s suy thoi v t ai canh tc la,
ngun nc phc v sn xut v tiu dng, sc
khe ngi trng la c bo v;
(iii) thu nhp, li nhun v i sng nng dn c
nng cao;
(iv) i sng vn ha x hi nng thn c ci
thin

nh hng pht trin cht lng la, go

Vit Nam
(i) v ngun ti nguyn v cc iu kin t nhin cho php
chng ta c th trng c 3 v la/nm trn din rng nh
vng BSCL, thch nghi vi nhiu ging la cao sn, la
c sn.
(ii) v chi ph sn xut la c th gim khi tng cng ng dng
cc tin b k thut 3 gim 3 tng, 1 phi nm gim, tit
kim nc, bn phn m theo bng so mu l, c gii ha
trong nhiu khu canh tc la.
(iii) cht lng la c th gia tng khi canh tc theo hng
GAP, ng nht v ging canh tc trong tng vng, tng khu
quy hoch. C s ch o v lin kt cht ch gia doanh
nghip - c quan Nng nghip Nng dn.

Xy dng thng hiu cht lng la, go

Vit Nam (4 thng hiu go chnh)
(i) Go trng ht di Vit Nam
(ii) Go thm Jasmine Vit Nam
(iii) c Sn Vit Nam
(iv) Go Vit GAP (ASEAN), Global GAP
- Cn c Doanh Nghip c tm huyt, nh xut
khu mi quan tm n cht lng go VN
u t cho ND

Nhng gii php, kin ngh

Pht trin c s h tng

a) V thy li
b) Giao thng nng thn

+Pht trin v ng dng khoa hc cng

ngh
a) V pht trin ging cy trng

b) K thut canh tc v sau thu hoch

+ i mi t chc sn xut trng trt

+ o to ngun nhn lc
+ Hp tc quc t
+ Chnh sch u t, tn dng, thu
+ Tng cng qun l nh nc v trng
trt