Do An Dien Tu Cong Suat

n mn hc
in t cng sut
LI NI U
in t cng sut l lnh vc k thut hin i, nghin cu ng dng ca
cc linh kin bn dn cng sut lm vic ch chuyn mch v qu trnh
bin i in nng.
Ngy nay, khng ring g cc nc pht trin, ngay c nc ta cc thit
b bn dn v ang thm nhp vo cc ngnh cng nghip v c trong lnh
vc sinh hot. Cc x nghip, nh my nh: ximng, thy in, giy, ng, dt,
si, ng tu.. ang s dng ngy cng nhiu nhng thnh tu ca cng
nghip in t ni chung v in t cng sut ni ring. l nhng minh
chng cho s pht trin ca ngnh cng nghip ny.
Vi mc tiu cng nghip ho hin a ho t nc, ngy cng c nhiu x
nghip mi, dy chuyn mi s dng k thut cao i hi cn b k thut v k
s in nhng kin thc v in t cng sut. Cng vi l do , trong hc k
ny em c nhn n mn hc in t cng sut, ti: THIT K CHNH
LU HNH TIA BA PHA - NG C IN MT CHIU C O
CHIU.
Em xin chn thnh cm n s gip v ch bo tn tnh ca thy Khng
Cng Minh v thy L Tin Dng trong qu trnh lm n mn hc vi ti
trn.
Mc d dnh nhiu c gng nhng cng khng trnh khi nhng sai st
nht nh, em mong c s gp , ch bo ca thy, c.
Sinh vin thc hin

Nguyn Th Kim Trc
SVTH: Nguyn Th Kim Trc - Lp 032
http://www.ebook.edu.vn
Trang 1
n mn hc
in t cng sut
MC LC
Chng 1: Tng quan v ng c in mt chiu v cc phng php iu
chnh tc ng c bng cch thay i in p...Trang 3
Chng 2: Tng quan v b chnh lu Tiristor hnh tia ba pha. Thit k s
nguyn l h thng chnh lu - ng c in mt chiu (h T - ) c o
chiu..Trang 11
Chng 3: Tnh chn cc phn t mch ng lc............Trang 19
Chng 4: Tnh chn cc phn t mch iu khin.Trang 32
Chng 5: Mch bo v v kt lun.Trang 41
Ti liu tham kho....Trang 44
Trang 2
n mn hc
in t cng sut
CHNG 1
TNG QUAN V NG C IN MT CHIU V CC PHNG PHP
IU CHNH TC NG C IN MT CHIU BNG CCH THAY
I IN P.
Trong nn sn xut hin i, my in mt chiu vn c coi l mt loi

my quan trng. N c th dng lm ng c in, my pht in hay dng
nhng iu kin lm vic khc.
ng c in mt chiu c c tnh iu chnh tc rt tt , v vy my c dng
nhiu trong nhng ngnh cng nghip c yu cu cao v iu chnh tc nh cn
thp, hm m hay giao thng vn ti...
I- Tng quan v ng c in mt chiu:
1/ Phn loi :
ng c in mt chiu chia lm nhiu loi theo s b tr ca cun kch t :
ng c in mt chiu kch t c lp.
ng c in mt chiu kch t song song.
ng c in mt chiu kch t ni tip.
ng c in mt chiu kch t hn hp
2/ u nhc im ca ng c in mt chiu:
- u im:
C nhiu phng php iu chnh tc .
C nhiu phng php hm tc .
- Nhc im:
Tn nhiu kim loi mu
Ch to, bo qun kh khn
Gi thnh t hn cc my in khc
3/ S v nguyn l hot ng
U
Rf
E
RKT
CKT
IKT
UKT
II- c tnh c ca my in mt chiu:

Quan h gia tc v mmen ng c gi l c tnh c ca ng c. =
f(M) hoc n = f(M).
Quan h gia tc v mmen ca my sn xut gi l c tnh c ca my sn
xut. c= f(Mc) hoc nc= f(Mc).
Trang 3
n mn hc
in t cng sut
Ngoi c tnh c, i vi ng c in mt chiu ngi ta cn s dng c

tnh c in. c tnh c in biu din quan h gia tc v dng in trong mch
ng c:
= f(I) hoc n = f(I).
1/ Phng trnh c tnh c:
Theo s hnh (1-1) ta c th vit phng trnh cn bng in p ca mch
phn ng nh sau:
U
U = E + (R +R)I
Rf
Trong : U - in p phn ng, (V)
E
E - sc in ng phn ng,(V)
RKT
CKT
R - in tr ca mch phn ng
Rf - in tr ph trong ca mch phn ng
IKT
Vi:
R = r + rcf + rb + rct
UKT
Trong :
r - in tr cun dy phn ng.
Hnh 1- 1
rcf - in tr cun cc t ph.
rb- in tr cun b.
rct- in tr tip xc chi than.
Sc in ng E ca phn ng ng c c xc nh theo biu thc:
E =
pN
= k
2a
Trong :
p- s i cc t chnh.
N- s thanh dn tc dng ca cun dy phn ng.
a- s i mch nhnh song song ca cun dy phn ng.
- t thng kch t di mt cc t.
- tc gc,rad/s
k=
pN
- h s cu to ca ng c.
2a
Nu biu din sc in ng theo tc quay n (vng/pht) th:

E = Ke.n
2n
n
=
60 9.55
pN
n
V vy: E=
60a
pN
l h s sc in ng ca ng c .
Ke =
60a
K
0.105K
Ke =
9.55
Vi: =
T cc biu thc trn, ta c:

=
U R + R f
I
K
K
Trang 4
n mn hc
in t cng sut
L phng trnh c tnh c in ca ng c.

Mt khc, mmen in t Mt ca ng c c xc nh bi:
Mt= K I
Suy ra:
I =
M t
K
Thay gi tr I vo phng trnh c tnh ca ng c ta c:

=
U R + R f
.M t
K
( K ) 2
Nu b qua cc tn tht c v tn tht thp th mmen c trn trc ng c

bng mmen in t, ta k hiu l M. Ngha l Mt= Me= M. Khi ta c:
R + R f
U
.M
=
K
( K ) 2
y l phng trnh c tnh c ca ng c in mt chiu kch t c lp.
Gi thit phn ng phn ng c b , t thng = Const, th cc phng
trnh c tnh c in v phng tnh c tnh c l tuyn tnh. th ca chng
c biu in trn hnh (1-2) l nhng ng thng.
Theo cc th trn, khi I= 0 hoc M = 0 ta c:
U
= 0
K
0: gi l tc khng ti l tng ca ng c.
U
= I nm
Cn khi = 0 ta c: I =
R R f
V M = KInm = Mnm Inm,
0
m
m
I
Im
Inm
Mm Mnm
a. c tnh c in cua ng c
b. c tnh c cua ng c
in mt chiu kch t c lp
in mt chiu kch t c lp
Hnh 1-2
Inm,Mnm: c gi l dng in ngn mch v mmen ngn mch.

Mt khc t phng trnh c tnh in v phng trnh c tnh c cng c th
c vit di dng:
Trang 5
n mn hc
in t cng sut
U RI
=
= 0
K K
=
U
R
.M
K ( K ) 2
0 =
U
K
RI
RM
=
K
(K ) gi l st tc ng vi gi tr ca M.
2/ Xt cc nh hng cc tham s n c tnh c:
T phng trnh c tnh c ta thy c ba tham s nh hng n c tnh
c: T thng ng c , in p phn ng U, v in tr phn ng ng c.Ta
ln lt xt nh hng ca tng tham s :
=
a) nh hng ca in tr phn ng:

Gi thit rng U=Um= Const
v = m= Const.
0
TN(Rn)
Rf1
Rf2
Hnh 1-3
Mc
Rf3
Rf4
Mun thay iin tr mch phn ng ta ni thm in tr ph Rf vo

mch phn ng.
Trong trng hp ny tc khng ti l tng:
0 =
U m
= Const
K m
cng c tnh c:
M (K m )
=
= var
=
R + R f
2
Khi Rf cng ln cng nh ngha l c tnh c cng dc. ng vi Rf=0 ta

c c tnh c t nhin:
TN =
(K m )2
R
Trang 6
n mn hc
in t cng sut
TN c gi tr ln nht nn c tnh c t nhin c cng hn tt c cc

ng c tnh c in tr ph. Nh vy khi thay i in ri Rf ta c mt h
c tnh bin tr nh hnh (1-5) ng vi mi ph ti Mc no , nu Rf cng ln
th tc c cng gim, ng thi dng in ngn mch v mmen ngn mch
cng gim. Cho nn ngi ta thng s dng phng php ny hn ch dng
in v iu chnh tc ng c pha di tc c bn.
b) nh hng ca in p phn ng:
Gi thit t thng = m= const, in tr phn ng R = const. Khi thay
i in p theo hng gim so vi Um, ta c:
Tc khng ti:
0x
U
K
0
01
02
03
04
= Var
cng c tnh c:
=
( K )2
R
= Const
Um
Mc
U1
U2
U3
U4 M(I)
Hnh 1-4
Nh vy khi thay i in p t vo phn ng ng c ta c mt h

c tnh c song song nh trn (Hnh 1-4).
Ta thy rng khi thay i in p (gim p) th mmen ngn mch, dng
in ngn mch ca ng c gim v tc ng c cng gim ng vi mt
ph ti nht nh. Do phng php ny cng c s dng iu chnh tc
ng c v hn ch dng in khi khi ng.
c) nh hng ca t thng:
Gi thit in p phn ng U= Um= Const. in tr phn ng R = Const.
Mun thay i t thng ta thay i dng in kch t Ikt ng c. Trong trng
hp ny:
Tc khng ti:
0x
x = Var
K
x
(
K )2
cng c tnh c: = x = Var
R
Trang 7
n mn hc
in t cng sut
Do cu to ca ng c in, thc t thng iu chnh gim t thng. Nn

khi t thng gim th 0x tng, cn gim ta c mt h c tnh c vi 0x tng
dn v cng ca c tnh gim dn khi gim t thng. Ta nhn thy rng khi
thay i t thng:
02
2
01 1
0
m
02
01
Mc
1
m
Inm
a. c tnh c in ca ng c in mt chiu b. c tnh c cua ng c in mt

kch t c lp khi gim t thng
chiu kch t c lp khi giam t thng
Hnh 1-5
U m
= Const
R
Dng in ngn mch:
Inm =
Mmen ngn mch:
Mnm=KxInm=Var
Cc c tnh c in v c tnh ca ng c khi gim t thng c biu

din hnh (1-5)a. Vi dng mmen ph ti Mc thch hp vi ch lm vic
ca ng c khi gim t thng tc ng c tng ln, nh hnh (1-5)b.
III- Cc phng php iu chnh tc ng c in mt chiu kch t c
lp bng phng php in p:
Truyn ng in c dng dn ng cc b phn lm vic ca cc
my sn xut khc. Thng phi iu chnh tc chuyn ng ca cc b phn
lm vic. V vy iu chnh tc ng c in l bin i tc mt cch ch
ng, theo yu cu t ra cho cc qui lut chuyn ng ca b phn lm vic m
khng ph thuc mmen ph ti trn trc ng c.
Xt ring v phng din tc ca ng c in mt chiu l c nhiu u
im hn vi cc loi ng c khc, khng nhng c th iu chnh tc d
dng, a dng cc phng php iu chnh, cu trc mch ng lc, mch iu
khin n gin hn. ng thi t cht lng iu chnh cao, di iu chnh
rng.
Thc t c 2 phng php iu chnh tc ng c in 1 chiu bng
in p:
+iu chnh in p cp cho phn ng ng c
+iu chnh in p cp cho mch kch t ng c
Trang 8
n mn hc
in t cng sut
V vy cn phi c nhng b bin i ph hp cung cp mch in phn

ng hoc mch kch t ca ng c. Cho n nay thng s dng nhng b bin
i da trn cc nguyn tc truyn ng sau y :
+H truyn ng my pht ng c (F )
+H truyn ng chnh lu tiristor ng c (T )(c s dng i vi
n ny )
H truyn ng chnh lu ng c (T-)
Thng s dng b chnh lu c iu khin thyristor. Tc ng c thay
i bng cch thay i in p chnh lu cp cho phn ng ng c, thay i
in p chnh lu ta ch cn s dng mch iu khin, thay i thi im thng
van thyristor.
T1
T2
T3
Hnh 1-6
CKT
KH
+ u im ca h ny l tc ng nhanh, khng gy n v d t ng ho. Do

cc van bn dn c h s khuch i cng sut rt cao, iu thun li cho
vic thit lp h thng iu chnh nhiu vng, nng cao cht lng c tnh
tnh v cc c tnh ca h thng.
+ Nhc im ca h l do cc van bn dn c tnh phi tuyn, dng chnh lu
ca in p c bin p mch gy tn hao ph trong my in. H s cng
sut cos ca h thng ni chung l thp. Tnh dn in 1 chiu ca van buc ta
phi s dng 2 b bin i cp in cho ng c c o chiu quay.
a) S thay th tnh ton:
Trang 9
n mn hc
in t cng sut
T phng trnh c tnh ng c tng qut:
Uu
Ru
.M = 0
K ( K ) 2
Ta thy s thay i Uu th 0 s thay i, cn = const

Vy ta s c cc ng c tnh iu chnh song song vi nhau.
Nh vy mun thay i in p phn ng Uu ta phi c b ngun cung cp in

mt chiu thay i c in p ra.
b) B bin i T-:
L phng php bin i in t, bn dn
Ta xt h T- :
Ch dng lin tc: Ed = Ed0 . cos
E d 0 . cos Ru + RCL
.I
K dm
( K dm ) 2
E . cos Ru + RCL
= d0
.M = 0
2
K dm
( K dm )
Vy khi ta thay i gc iu khin = (0 ) th Ed thay i t Ed0 n

Ed0 v ta s c 1 h c tnh c song song nm mc bn phi ca mt phng
to .
Trang 10
n mn hc
in t cng sut
CHNG 2
TNG QUAN V B CHNH LU TIRISTOR HNH TIA BA PHA.
THIT K S NGUYN L H THNG CHNH LU - NG C
IN MT CHIU (H T ) C O CHIU.
I- Tng quan v Tiristor :
1/ Cu to:
L dng c bn dn gm 4 lp bn n loi P v N ghp xen k nhau v c
3 cc ant, catt v cc iu khin ring G
A
K hiu:
P1 -
+ - + - +
+ N1- +P2 - + N2
+ - + - +
J3
J1 Ei J2
Hnh 2-1
2/ Nguyn l hot ng:

Khi tiristor c ni vi ngun mt chiu E > 0 tc cc dng t vo
ant cc m t vo catt, th tip gip J1, J3 c phn cc thun cn min J2
phn cc ngc, gn nh ton b in p c t ln mt ghp J2, in trng
ni ti E1 ca J2 c chiu t N1 hng ti P2. in trng ngoi tc ng cng
chiu vi E1, vng chuyn tip l vng cch in cng c m rng ra, khng
c dng in chy qua tiristor mc d n c t di 1 in p dng.
a) M tiristor :
Nu cho mt xung in p dng Ug tc ng vo cc G (dng so vi K )
th cc electron t N2 chy sang P2. n y mt s t trong chng chy v
ngun Ug v hnh thnh dng iu khin Ig chy theo mch G1 - J3 - K - G , cn
phn ln in t di sc ht cu in trng tng hp ca mt J2 lao vo vng
chuyn tip ny chng c tng tc do c ng nng rt ln s b gy cc
lin kt gia cc nguyn t Si, to nn cc in t t do mi. S in t ny li
tham gia bn ph cc nguyn t Si khc trong vng chuyn tip. Kt qu ca cc
phn ng dy chuyn ny lm xut hin cng nhiu in t chy vo vng N1
qua P1 v n cc dng ca ngun in ngoi, gy nn hin tng n in o
Trang 11
n mn hc
in t cng sut
t lm cho J2 tr thnh mt ghp dn in bt u t mt dim no xung

quanh cc ri pht trin ra ton b mt ghp vi tc lan truyn khong
1m/100 s.
+E - Mt trong nhng bin phap n gian nht
m Tiristor c trnh bay trn hnh ve.
. Khi ng m K, nu Ig > Igst th T m ( Ig
(1,1 1,2 ). Igst )
Rt
R1
T
G=
R2
-E
Hnh 2-2a
E
(1,1 1,2) I gst
Ig : Gia tr dong iu khin ghi trong s tay

tra cu tiristor
R2 = 100 1000()
C th hnh dung nh sau : Khi dt tiristor UAK > 0 th tiristor tnh trng
sn sn m cho dng chy qua, nhng n cn i tn hiu Ig cc iu khin,
nu Ig > Igst th tiristor m.
b) Kho Tiristos:
Mt khi tiristor m th tn hiu th tn hiu Ig khng cn tc dng na.
kho tiristor c 2 cch :
. Gim dng in lm vic I xung gi tr dng duy tr Idt
. t mt in p ngc ln tiristor UAK < 0, hai mt J1, J3 phn cc ngc, J2
phn cc thun. Nhng in t trc thi im o cc tnh UAK < 0 ang c
mt ti P1, N1, P2, by gi o chiu hnh trnh, to nn dng in ngc chy t
Catt v Ant v v cc m ca ngun in p ngoi.
+E
+E
Rt1
C
A
T
Hnh 2-2b
Rt2
C
B
T2
T1
Hnh 2-2c
- Lc u qu trnh t t0 t1, dng in ngc kh ln, sau J1, J3 tr nn

cch in. Cn mt t in t c gi li gia hai mt ghp, hin tng khuch
Trang 12
n mn hc
in t cng sut
tn s lm chng t dn i cho n ht v J2 khi phc li tnh cht ca mt ghp

iu khin.
- Thi gian kho toff c tnh t khi bt u xut hin dng in ngc
bng 0 (t2) y l thi gian m sau nu t in p thun ln tiristor th tiristor
vn khng m, toff ko di khong vi chc s. Trong bt k trng hp no
cng khng c t tiristor di in p thun khi tiristor cha b kho nu
khng s c nguy c gy ngn mch ngun. Trn s hnh (b), vic kho
tiristor bng in p ngc c thc hin bng cch ng kho K. cn s
(c) cho php kha tiristor mt cch t ng. Trong mch hnh (c) khi m tiristor
ny th tiristor kia s kho li. Gi thuyt cho mt xung in p dng t vo
G1T1 m dn n xut hin 2 dng in : Dng th nht chy theo mch : +E
- R1-T1 - -E, cn dng th 2 chy theo mch +E - R2 -T1- -E.
- T C c np in n gi tr E, bn cc dng B, bn cc m A.
By gi nu cho mt xung in p dng tc ng vo G2T2 m n s t
in th im B vo catt ca T1. Nh vy l T1 b t di in p Uc = -E v
T1 b kho li.
-T2 m li xut hin 2 dng in : Dng th nht chy theo mch: + E - R1C - T2 - -E. Cn dng th hai chy theo mch: +E - R2 - T2 - -E.
- T C c np ngc li cho n gi tr E, chun b kho T2 khi ta cho
xung m T1
c) in dung ca t in chuyn mch:
- Trong s hnh (b), (c) mt cu hi c t ra l : T in C phi c
gi tr bng bao nhiu th c th kho c tiristor
Nh ni trn khi T1 m cho dng chy qua th C c np in n
gi tr E. Bn cc + pha im B. ti thi im cho xung m T2 (c 2 tiristor
iu m), ta c phng trnh mch in.
du
E = i.R1 + U c vi i = C c
dt
du c
+Uc
Nn E = C.R1
dt
Vit di dng ton t Laplace:
P
= C.R1 {P.[U c ( p ) U c (0 )]} + U c ( p )
E
Q.E
1
vi a =
V U c (0 ) = E nn U c ( p ) =
p( p + a )
R1 .C
T ta c:
U c (t ) = E 1 2.e at = U T 1 . Thi gian t l khong thi

off
gian k t khi m T2 cho n khi UT1 bt u tr thnh dng, vy ta c:
Trang 13
n mn hc
in t cng sut
E 1 2.e
R1 =
a .toff
)= 0 t
off
= 0,693 .R1C hoc C =
t off
0,693.R1
1,44.I .t off
E
s nhn c C =
E
I
toff : ; I : Ampe ; E : Volt ; C : F

d) t tnh Volt - Ampe ca tiristor :
Ia
III
II
IH
Ung
I0
IV
Ing
Uth Uch
Hnh 2-3
on 1 : ng vi trng thi kho ca tiristor, ch c dng in r chy qua

tiristor khi tng U ln n Uch (in p chuyn trng thi ), bt u qu trnh tng
nhanh chng ca dng in. Tiristor chuyn sang trng thi m.
on 2 : ng vi giai on phn cc thun ca J2. Trong giai on ny
mi lng tng nh ca dng in ng vi mt lng gim ln ca in p t
ln tiristor, on ny gi l on in tr m.
on 3 : ng vi trng thi m ca tiristor. Khi ny c 3 mt ghp tr
thng n in. Dng chy qua tiristor ch cn b hn ch bi in tr mch
ngoi. in p ri trn tiristor rt ln khong 1V. Tiristor c gi trng thi
m chng no I cn ln hn dng duy tr IH.
on 4 : ng vi trng thi tiristor b t di in p ngc. Dng in
rt ln, khong vi chc mA. Nu tng U n Ung th dng in ngc tng ln
nhanh chng, mt ghp b chc thng, tiristor b hng. Bng cch cho Ig ln hn
0 s nhn c t tnh Volt - Ampe vi cc Uch nh dn i.
Trang 14
n mn hc
in t cng sut
II- Chnh lu hnh tia 3 pha:

1/ S v dng sng:
Hnh 2-4
Hnh 2-5
Trang 15
n mn hc
in t cng sut
Gm 1 my bin p 3 pha c th cp ni Y0, 3 pha tiristor ni vi ti nh

hnh v.
iu kin khi cp xung iu khin chnh lu:
+Thi im cp xung in p pha tng ng phi dng hn so vi trung tnh.
+Nu c cc thyristor khc ang dn th in p pha tng ng phi dng hn
pha kia. V th phi xt n thi gian cp xung u tin.
Gc m t nhin:
+Gc m c xc nh t lc in p t ln van tng ng chuyn t m
n 0 (t ng sang kho) cho n khi bt u t xung iu khin vo.
+in p gy nn qu trnh chuyn mch: in p dy.
: gc dn
+0 <
: gc chuyn mch
2/ Nguyn l hot ng:

Gi thit ti : R, L,Eu , chuyn mch tc thi.
in p pha th cp ca my bin p:
u1 = U m sin
2
)
3
4
u 3 = U m sin(
)
3
u 2 = U m sin(
*Nhp V1: khong thi gian t 1 > 2 . Ti 1 in p t ln u1 > 0, c

xung kch khi: T1 m, khi :
u v1 = 0
u v 2 = u 2 u1 < 0
u = u u < 0
3
1
v3
T1 m, T2, T3 ng, lc ny:
+in p chnh lu bng in p u1 : ud = u1
+Dng in chnh lu bng dng in qua van 1: id = Id = i1
+Dng in qua T2, T3 bng 0: i2 = i3 = 0
Trong nhp V1: uV2 t m chuyn ln 0, khi uV2 = 0 th T2 m, lc ny uV1
= u1 u2 = 0 v bt u m nn T1 ng, kt thc nhp V1, bt u nhp V2.
*Nhp V2: t 2 > 3
u v 2 = 0
Lc ny: u v1 = u1 u 2
u = u u
3
2
v3
T2 m, T1, T3 ng.
+in p chnh lu bng in p u2: ud = u2
+Dng in chnh lu bng dng in dng in qua van 2:
id = Id = i2
Trang 16
n mn hc
in t cng sut

*Nhp V3: t 3 > 4
u v 3 = 0
u = u1 u3
Lc ny: v1
u = u u
2
3
v2
T3 m, T1, T2 ng.
+in p chnh lu bng in p u3: ud = u3
+Dng in chnh lu bng dng in dng in qua van 3:
id = Id = i3
Trong mch ,dng sng ca dng in ph thuc vo ti, ti thun tr dng
in id cng dng sng ud ,khi in khng ti tng ln ,dng in cng tr nn
bng phng hn ,khi Ld tin ti v cng dng in id s khng i, id = Id .
*Cc gi tr trung bnh:
-Gi tr trung bnh ca in p chnh lu:
2
T
1
3
U d = u d .dt =
T 0
2
t U di 0 =
U m . sin .d =
+
3 6
U . cos
2
3 6
U : gi tr trung bnh ca in p chnh lu ca b chnh lu
2
iu khin vi = 0 0
Suy ra U d = U di 0 . cos
*Hin tng trng dn:
+V trong thc t in cm ca ngun v ca ti ko di qu trnh chuyn
mch, do vy khi mt tiristor ny ang gim dn dng in v 0 th tiristor khc
li c dng in tng ln vi cng tc . Khong thi gian chuyn tip ny c
s trng dn.
+Trong khong chuyn mch c c trng bng gc chuyn mch . Lc
ny dng in ti l tng dng in 2 tiristor cng dn. in p trn ti l trung
bnh ca in p 2 pha ang dn.
Hin tng chuyn mch lm gim in p trung bnh.
III- H thng b chnh lu - ng c c o chiu
B chnh lu kp iu khin chung:
Trong b chnh lu kp iu khin chung, xung kch c a ti c hai b
chnh lu nhng vi gc kch khc nhau, sao cho tng in p DC ca hai b
chnh lu l zero khng c dng DC chy qua mc vng trong hai b chnh
lu. Do :
Trang 17
n mn hc
in t cng sut
Vd 1 + Vd 2 = 0
Vd 0 cos 1 + Vd 0 cos 2 = 0
cos 1 + cos 2 = 0
1 + 2 = 180 0 (1)
Cng thc (1) cho thy khi mt b chnh lu hot ng ch chnh
lu, b cn li hot ng ch nghch lu. Do hai b chnh lu hot ng
cc ch khc nhau, in p tc thi ng ra ca chng khc nhau, dn n c
dng cn bng xoay chiu chy vng trong hai b chnh lu. gim dng cn
bng, cun khng cn bng L1 v L2 phi c thm vo mch chnh lu nh
hnh v. Nh vy, mc d c hai b chnh lu u hot ng, khi ng c ang
lm vic theo mt chiu no th ch c mt b chnh lu cung cp dng cho
phn ng ng c, cn b chnh lu kia ch ti dng cn bng.
Qu trnh o chiu ng c din ra nh sau: gi s ban u ng c hot
ng theo chiu thun (gc phn t th nht) vi b chnh lu 1 ch chnh
lu. Khi o chiu, gc kch 1 s c tng ln v 2 gim i theo quan h (1).
Sc in ng E ca ng c s ln hn Vd 1 v Vd 2 , nn ng c hot ng
ch hm ti sinh gc phn t th hai. Dng phn ng lc ny do b chnh
lu 2 cung cp. V 2 c gim dn nn ng c gim t, sau tng tc theo
chiu ngc li cho n khi t tc n nh.
Hnh 2-6
u im: B chnh lu kp iu khin chung c mch iu khin n gin
hn kiu iu khin ring. Dng in phn ng ng c c th o chiu mt
cch t nhin, nn h thng c n nh tc tt trong sut di lm vic ca
c tnh c.
Nhc im: Vic thm cun khng cn bng khin h thng tr nn cng
knh, tng gi thnh, gim hiu sut v h s cng sut. p ng qu tr nn
chm i do thi hng phn ng tng thm.
Trang 18
n mn hc
in t cng sut
CHNG 3
TNH CHN CC PHN T MCH NG LC
S mch ng lc:
Hnh 2-7
I-Tnh chn van ng lc:
1/ in p ngc ca van:
Ulv = knv .U2
Ud
220
Vi U2 =
=
=188,03 (V)
K u 1,17
Trong :
Ud : in p ti ca van
U2 : in p ngun xoay chiu ca van
Ku : h s in p ti (tra bng 8.1, Ku = 1,17)
Knv : h s in p ngc (tra bng 8.1, Knv = 6 )
Ulv = 6 .188.03 = 460.58 (V)
chn van theo in p hp l th in p ngc ca van cn chn phi
ln hn in p lm vic.
Unv = Kdt u . Ulv = 1,6 . 460,58 = 736,93 (V)
Trang 19
n mn hc
in t cng sut
Trong : Kdt u : h s d tr ( Kdt u = 1,6 2)

2/ Dng in lm vic ca van:
Ilv = Ihd
Dng in hiu dng Ihd = Khd . Id =0,58 . 59,5 = 34,51 (A)
Trong :
Id : dng in ti
Khd : h s xc nh dng in hiu dng
(Tra bng 8.2, Khd = 0,58)
Vi cc thng s lm vic trn, chn iu kin lm vic ca van l: c
cnh tn nhit vi din tch b mt, cho php van lm vic ti 40% Idm v
Idm v = ki . Ilv = 1.4 . 34,51 = 48.09 (A)
Trong : Ki =1.4 : h s d tr dng in.(Ki =1,1-1,4)
Vy thng s van l:
Unv = 736,93 (V)
Idm v = 48.09 (A)
Tra ph lc 2, ta chn Tiristor loi XT2116-801 vi cc thng s nh mc:
-Dng in nh mc ca van: Idm = 50(A)
-in p ngc cc i ca van: Unv = 800 (V)
- st p trn van: U = 2 (V)
-Dng in r: Ir = 10 (mA)
-in p iu khin: Udk = 3 (V)
-Dng in iu khin: Idk = 0,1 (A)
II-Tnh ton my bin p:
1/ Ta chn my bin p 3 pha 3 tr, c s u dy , lm mt t nhin
bng khng kh.
2/ in p pha s cp my bin p:
U1 = 380 (V)
3/ in p pha th cp my bin p:
Phng trnh cn bng in p khi c ti:
Ud0 cosmin = Ud + 2Uv + Udn + UBA
Trong : min = 100 : gc d tr khi c suy gim in p li
Uv = 1,5 (V) : st p trn tiristor
Udn 0 : st p trn dy ni
UBA = Ur + Ux : st p trn in tr v in khng
my bin p
S b UBA = 5% . Ud = 0,05 . 220 = 11 (V)
Suy ra Ud0 =
220 + 2.1,5 + 0 + 11
= 237,61 (V)
cos 10 0
Cng sut biu kin my bin p:

SBA = kS . Pdmax= kS . Ud0 . Id
= 1,34 . 237,61 . 59,5 = 18944,64 (W)
in p pha th cp my bin p:
Ud0
U2 =
ku =
237,61
= 203,08 (V)
1,17
Trang 20
n mn hc
in t cng sut
4/ Dng in hiu dng th cp my bin p:

I2 =
2
. Id =
3
2
. 59,5 = 48,58 (A)
3
5/ Dng in hiu dng s cp my bin p:

I1 = kBA . I2 =
U2
203,08
. I2 =
. 48,58 = 25,96 (A)
380
U1
Tnh s b mch t :
6/ Tit din s b tr:
S BA
QFe = kQ
m. f
Trong :
kQ : h s ph thuc phng thc lm mt, ly kQ = 6
m: s tr my bin p
Suy ra: QFe = 6.
7/ ng knh tr:
4.Q Fe
d=
=
18944,64
= 67,43 (cm3)
3.50
4.67,43
= 9,27 (cm)
Chun ho ng knh tr theo tiu chun d = 10 (cm)

8/ Chn loi thp:
Ta chn loi thp 330, cc l thp c dy 0,5 (mm).
Chn s b mt t cm trong tr BT = 1 Tiristor
9/ Chn t s m =
h
= 2,3
d
(m = 2 2,5)
Suy ra h = 2,3 . d = 2,3 . 10 = 23 (cm)

Suy ra chn chiu cao trc l 23 (cm)
Tnh ton dy qun:
10/ S vng dy mi pha s cp my bin p:
U1
380
=
= 146,96 (vng)
W1 =
4,44. f .BT .Q Fe
4,44.50.1.67,43.10 4
Chn W1 = 147 (vng)
11/ S vng dy mi pha th cp my bin p:
W2 =
U2
203,08
. W1 =
. 147 = 135,65 (vng)
U1
380
Chn W2 = 136 (vng)

12/ Chn s b mt dng in trong my bin p:
i vi dy dn bng ng, my bin p kh, chn J1 = J2 = 2,75 (A/mm2)
13/ Tit din dy dn s cp my bin p:
S1 =
I1
44,84
=
= 16,3 (mm2)
J1
2,75
Chn dy dn tit din ch nht, cch in cp B

Chun ho tit din theo tiu chun: S1 = 16,4 (mm2)
Trang 21
n mn hc
in t cng sut
Kch thc dy c k cch in: S1 cd = a1 .b1 = 2,24 . 7,5 (mm)

Tnh li mt dng in trong cun s cp:
J1 =
I1
44,84
=
= 2,73 (A/mm2)
S1
16,4
14/ Tit din dy dn th cp my bin p:

S2 =
I2
48,58
=
= 17,6 (mm2)
J2
2,75
Chn dy dn tit din ch nht, cch in cp B

Chun ho tit din theo tiu chun: S1 = 17,6 (mm2)
Kch thc dy c k cch in: S2 cd = a2 . b2 = 2,24 . 8(mm)
Tnh li mt dng in trong cun s cp:
J2 =
I2
48,58
=
= 2,75 (A/mm2)
S2
17,6
15/ Tnh s b s vng dy trn 1 lp ca cun s cp:

h 2h g
23 2.1,5
. kc =
. 0,92
W1l =
b1
0,75
= 24,5 (vng) 25 (vng)
h - chiu cao tr
hg - khong cch t gng n cun dy s cp
Tra bng 18 Ti liu 2, chn hg = 1,5 (cm)
Kc - h s p cht
Tra bng 4 Ti liu 2, chn kc = 0,92
16/ Tnh s b s lp dy cun s cp:
n1l =
W1
147
=
= 5,88 (lp)
W1l
25
Chn s lp n1l = 6 lp
Nh vy 147 vng chia thnh 6 lp, 5 lp u c 25 vng, lp th 6 c 22
vng.
Kt cu dy qun s cp:thc hin dy qun kiu ng tm b tr theo chiu
dc trc
17/ Chiu cao thc t ca cun s cp:
h1 =
b1 .W1l
0,75.25
=
= 20,38 (cm)
kc
0,92
18/ Chn ng qun dy lm bng vt liu cch in c b dy S01 = 0,1 (cm)

19/ Khong cch t tr ti cun s cp: a01 = 10 (mm)
20/ ng knh trong ca ng cch in:
D1 = dFe + 2 . a01 2. S01 = 10 + 2 . 1 2 . 0,1 = 11,8 (cm)
21/ ng knh trong ca cun s cp:
Dt1 = D1 + 2 . S01 = 11,8 + 2 . 0,1 = 12 (cm)
22/ Chn b dy cch in gia cc lp dy cun s cp: cd11 = 0,1 (mm)
23/ B dy cun s cp:
Bd1 = (a1 + cd11) . n1l = (2,24 + 0,1) . 6 = 14,04 (mm)
Trang 22
n mn hc
in t cng sut
24/ ng knh ngoi ca cun s cp:

Dn1 = Dt1 + 2 . Bd1 = 12 + 2 . 1,404 = 14,81 (cm)
25/ ng knh trung bnh ca cun s cp:
D + Dn1
12 + 14,81
Dtb1 = t1
=
= 13,41 (cm)
2
2
26/ Chiu di dy qun s cp;
l1 = W1 . . Dtb1 = . 147 . 13,41
= 6189,78 (cm) = 61,89 (m)
27/ Chn b dy cch in gia cun s cp v th cp:
cd01 = 9 (mm)
Kt cu dy qun:
28/ Chn s b chiu cao cun th cp:
h1 = h2 = 20,38 (cm)
29/ Tnh s b s vng dy trn 1 lp:
W2l =
h2
20,38
. kc =
. 0,92 = 23,44 (vng) 24 (vng)
b2
0,8
30/ Tnh s b s lp dy qun th cp:

W2
136
n2l =
=
= 5,6 (lp)
Wl2
24
31/ Chn s lp dy qun th cp: nl2 = 6 (lp), 5 lp u c 23 vng, lp
th 6 c 21 vng.
32/ Chiu cao thc t ca cun th cp:
h2 =
W l2 b 2
kc
23.0,8
= 20 (cm)
0,92
33/ ng knh trong ca cun th cp:

Dt2 = Dn1 + 2 . a12 = 14,81 + 2 . 0,9 = 16,61 (cm)
34/ Chn b dy cch in gia cc lp dy cun th cp:
cd22 = 0,1 (mm)
35/ B dy cun th cp:
Bd2 = (a2 + cd22) . nl2 = (2,24 + 0,1) . 6 = 14,04 (mm)
36/ ng knh ngoi ca cun th cp:
Dn2 = Dt2 + 2 . Bd2 = 16,61 + 2 . 1,404 = 19,42 (cm)
37/ ng knh trung bnh ca cun th cp:
Dt 2 + D n 2
16,61 + 19,42
Dtb2 =
=
= 18,02 (cm)
2
2
38/ Chiu di dy qun th cp:
l2 = . W2 . Dtb2 = . 136 . 18,02 = 7695,26 (cm) = 76,95 (m)
39/ ng knh trung bnh cc cun dy:
D12 =
D n1 + D n 2
12 + 19,42
=
= 15,71 (cm)
2
2
Suy ra r12 =
D12
15,71
=
= 7,85 (cm)
2
2
Trang 23
n mn hc
in t cng sut
40/ Chn khong cch gia 2 cun th cp: a22 = 2 (cm)

Tnh kch thc mch t:
41/ ng knh tr d = 10 (cm), tra theo bng 4 Ti liu 2, chn s bc l
6 bc.
42/ Ton b tit din bc thang ca tr:
Qbt = 2 . (1,6 . 9,5 + 1,1 . 8,5 + 0,7 . 7,5 + 0,6 . 6,5 + 0,4 . 5,5 + 0,7 . 3)
= 76 (cm2)
43/ Tit din hiu qu ca tr:
QT = khq . Qbt = 0,95 . 76 = 72,2 (cm2)
44/ Tng chiu dy cc bc thang ca tr:
dt = 2 . (1,6 + 1,1 + 0,7 + 0,6 + 0,4 + 0,7) = 10,2 (cm)
45/ S l thp dng trong cc bc:
16
. 2 = 64 (l)
0,5
11
Bc 2: n2 =
. 2 = 44 (l)
0,5
7
Bc 3: n3 =
. 2 = 28 (l)
0,5
6
Bc 1: n1 =
Bc 4: n4 =
. 2 = 24 (l)
0,5
4
. 2 = 16 (l)
Bc 5: n5 =
0,5
7
Bc 6: n6 =
. 2 = 28 (l)
0,5
Ta chn gng c tit din hnh ch nht c cc kch thc sau:

-Chiu dy ca gng bng chiu dy ca tr:
b = dt =10,2 (cm)
-Chiu cao ca gng bng chiu rng tp l thp th nht ca tr:
a = 9,5 (cm)
Tit din gng: Qbg = a .b = 9,5 . 10,2 = 96,9 (cm2)
46/ Tit din hiu qu ca gng:
Qg = khq . Qbg = 0,95 . 96,9 = 92,06 (cm2)
47/ S l thp dng trong mt gng:
hg =
b
10,2
=
= 204 (l)
0,5
0,5
48/ Tnh chnh xc mt t cm trong tr:

BT =
U1
220
=
= 0,93 (T)
4,44. f .W1 .Q T
4,44.50.147.72,2.10 4
49/ Mt t cm trong gng:

72,2
Q
Bg = BT . T = 0,93 .
= 0,73 (T)
92,06
Qg
50/ Chiu rng ca s:
c = 2 . (a01 + Bd1 + a12 + Bd2) + a22
Trang 24
n mn hc
in t cng sut
= 2 . (1 + 1,404 + 0,9 + 1,404) +2 = 11,42 (cm)

51/ Khong cch gia 2 tm trc:
c = c + d = 11,42 + 10 = 21,42 (cm)
52/ Chiu rng mch t:
L = 2 . c + 3 . d = 2 . 11,42 + 3 . 10 = 52,84 (cm)
53/ Chiu cao mch t:
H = h + 2 . a = 23 + 2 . 9,5 = 42 (cm)
54/ Th tch ca tr:
VT = 3 . QT . h = 3 . 72,2 . 23 = 4981,8 (cm3) = 4,98 (dm3)
55/ Th tch ca gng:
Vg = 2 .Qg . L = 2 . 92,06 . 52,84 = 9728,9 (cm3) = 9,73 (dm3)
56/ Khi lng tr:
MT = VT . mFe = 4,98 . 7,85 = 39,09 (kg)
57/ Khi lng gng:
Mg = Vg . mFe = 9,73 . 7,85 = 76,38 (kg)
58/ Khi lng st:
MFe = MT + Mg = 39,09 + 76,38 = 115,47 (kg)
59/ Th tch ca ng:
VCu = 3 . (S1 . l1 + S2 .l2 )
= 3 . (16,3 . 10-4 . 61,89 .10 + 17,6 . 10-4 . 76,95 . 10) = 7,09 (dm3)
60/ Khi lng ng:
MCu = VCu . mCu = 7,09 . 8,9 = 63,1 (kg)
Tnh cc thng s ca my bin p:
61/ in tr trong ca cun s cp my bin p 750C:
R1 =
l1
= 0,02133 .
S1
61,89
= 0,081 ( )
16,3
62/ in tr trong ca cun th cp my bin p 750C:
76,95
2
R2 =
S 2 = 0,02133 . 17,6 = 0,093 ( )
63/ in tr my bin p quy i v th cp:

RBA = R2 + R1 . (
W2 2
136 2
) = 0,093 + 0,081 . (
) = 0,16 ( )
W1
147
64/ St p trn in tr my bin p:

Ur = RBA . Id = 0,16 . 59,5 = 9,52 (V)
65/ in khng my bin p quy i v th cp:
Bd 1 + Bd 2
r
XBA = 8 . 2 . (W2)2 . (
) . (a12 +
) . . 10-7
hqd
3
= 8 . 2 . 1362 . (
8,305
1,404 + 1,404
) . (0,009 +
) . 314 . 10-7
23
3
= 0,304 ( )
66/ in cm my bin p quy i v th cp:
Trang 25
n mn hc
LBA =
in t cng sut
X BA
0,304
= 0,00097 (H) = 0,97 (mH)
314
67/ St p trn in khng my bin p:
Ux =
Rdt =
. XBA . Id =
. XBA =
. 0,304 . 59,5 = 17,28 (V)
. 0,304 = 0,29 ( )
68/ St p trn my bin p:

2
2
2
2
UBA = U r + U x = 9,52 + 17,28 = 19,73 (V)
69/ in p trn ng c khi c gc m min = 100
U = Ud0 . cosmin - 2 . Uv UBA
= 237,61 . cos100 2 . 1,5 19,73 = 211,27 (V)
70/ Tng tr ngn mch quy i v th cp:
2
2
ZBA = R BA + X BA = 0,16 2 + 0,304 2 = 0,34 ( )
71/ Tn hao ngn mch trong my bin p:
Pn = 3 . RBA . I2 = 3 . 0,16 . 48,482 = 1132,8 (W)
Pn
1132,8
Pn% =
. 100% =
. 100% = 5,98%
S
18944,64
72/ Tn hao khng ti c k n 15% tn hao ph:
P0 = 1,3 . nf . (MT . BT2 + Mg .Bg2)
= 1,3 . 1,15 . (39,09 . 0,932 + 76,38 . 0,732)
= 111,39 (W)
P0
111,39
P0 % =
. 100% =
.100% = 0,59 %
18944 ,64
S
73/ in p ngn mch tc dng:
R BA .I 2
0,16.48,58
Unr =
. 100% =
. 100% = 3,82 %
U2
203,08
74/ in p ngn mch phn khng:
Unx =
X BA .I 2
0,304.48,58
. 100% =
. 100% = 7,27 %
U2
203,08
75/ in p ngn mch phn trm:

2
Ur = U nr + U nx = 3,82 2 + 7,27 2 = 8,21

76/ Dng in ngn mch xc lp:
U2
203,08
=
= 597,29 (A)
I2nm =
Z BA
0,34
77/ Dng in ngn mch tc thi cc i:
Imax = 2 . I2nm . (1 + e
.U nr
U nx
)
Trang 26
n mn hc
in t cng sut
2 . 597,29 . (1 + e
.0 , 0382
0 , 0727
) = 1006,93 (A)
Imax = 1006,93 (A) < idinh = 1800 (A)

78/ Kim tra my bin p c in khng hn ch tc bin thin
ca dng in chuyn mch:
Gi s chuyn mch t T1 sang T3, ta c phng trnh:
2 . LBA .
di c
dt
di c
dt
max
max
di c
= U23 U2a = 6 . U2 . sin( )
dt
U2. 6
203,08. 6
=
=
= 256413,59 (A/s)
2.L BA
2.0,97.10 3
di
= 0,26 (A/ s) < cp = 100 (A/ s)
dt
Vy my bin p thit k s dng tt.

79/ Hiu sut thit b chnh lu:
U d .I d
220.59,5
=
=
= 0,69
18944,64
S
III- Thit k cun khng lc:
1/ Xc nh gc m cc tiu v cc i:
Chn gc m cc tiu min = 100. Vi gc m min l d tr, ta c th b c
s gim in p li.
-Khi gc m nh nht = min , in p trn ti ln nht
Ud max = Ud0 . cosmin = Ud dm v tng ng vi tc ng c s ln nht
nmax = ndm
-Khi gc m ln nht = max , in p trn ti nh nht
Ud min = Ud0 . cosmax v tng ng vi tc ng c l nh nht nmin
Ta c:
U d min
U d min
max = arcos
= arcos
U d0
2
,
34
.
U
2
Trong Ud min c xc nh nh sau:

U ddm I u .Ru
n
D = max =
U d min I u min .Ru
n min
Udmin =
1
. U d min + (D 1).I udm .Ru.
D
Udmin =
1
.[2,34.U 2 . cos min + (D 1).I udm .(Ru + R BA + Rdt )]
D
Trang 27
n mn hc
in t cng sut
Udmin =
1
3
.2,34.U 2 . cos min + (20 1).I udm . Ru + R BA + . X BA
20
Udmin =
1
3
.2,34.203,08. cos10 + (20 1).59,5. 0,187 + 0,16 + .0,304
20
Udmin = 59,43 (V)

Suy ra a max
U d min
= arcos
U d0
U
= arcos d min
2,34 .U
2
59,43
0
= 82,81
2,34.203,08
= arcos
2/ Xc nh cc thnh phn sng hi:
Ud
3 6
cos + U kn sin (3 1 )
2
n
3/ Xc nh in cm cun khng lc:

in khng lc cn c tnh khi gc m = max . Ta c:
U d + u = E + Ru I d + Rn i + L
di
dt
Cn bng 2 v:
U = Ri + L
Nn U = L
di
dt
v Ri << L
di
dt
di
dt
Trong cc thnh phn xoay chiu bc cao , thnh phn sng bc k = 1 c

mc ln nht, gn ng ta c:
U = U1m sin(3 + 1 )
U1m
1
i
U
dt
=
=
cos(3 + 1 ) = I m cos(3 + 1 )
Nn
L
p 2fL
Vy
Im =
U1dm
0,1.I udm
3.2 . f .L
U1m
L
Suy ra:
3.2 . f .0,1I dm
P=3 l s xung p mch trong mt chu k in p li.
U d 0 cos max
1 + 32 tg 2 max
2
3 1
2,34.203,08. cos 82,810
= 2.
1 + 9tg 2 82,810
9 1
U 1m = 2.
U 1m
Trang 28
n mn hc
in t cng sut
= 176.95 (V)
L=
176,95
= 0,03 (H) = 30 (mH)
3.2. .50.0,1.59,5
in cm mch phn ng c:
Luc = Lu + 2.LBA
Trong : Lu : in cm mch phn ng
U dm .30
220.30
= 0,25.
= 0,00196 ( H ) = 1,96 (mH)
. p.ndm .I dm
.3.1500.59,5
= 0,25 l h s ly cho ng c c cun b.
Luc = 1,96 + 0,97 . 2 = 3,9 (mH)
in cm cun khng lc:
Lk = L Luc = 30 3,9 = 26,1 (mH)
4/ Thit k kt cu cun khng lc:
1- Do in cm cun khng ln v in tr rt b, ta c th coi tng tr cun
khng xp x bng in khng cun khng:
Z k = X k = 2. . f '.Lk = 2. .3.50.26,1.10 3 = 24.6()
2- in p xoay chiu ri trn cun khng lc:
I
59,5
U = Z k . 1m = 24.6.
= 75,43(V )
2
2
Lu = .
I 1n = 10%.I dm = 10%.59,5 = 5,95( A)

3- Cng sut ca cun khng lc:
S = U .
I 1n
2
= 75,43.
5,95
2
= 317,35(VA)
4- Tit din cc t chnh ca cun khng lc:

S
317,35
Q = k Q . ' = 5.
= 5,14(cm 2 )
f
6.50
Chun ho tit din tr theo kch thc c sn
Chn Q = 4,25 (cm2)
5- Vi tit din tr Q = 4,25 (cm2)
Chn loi thp 330A, l thp dy 0,35 (mm), a = 20 (mm), b = 25 (mm)
6- Chn mt t cm trong tr: BT = 0,8 T
7- Khi c thnh phn in xoay chiu chy qua cun khng th trong cun
khng s xut hin mt sc in ng EK:
EK = 4,44 . W . f . BT . Q
Gn ng ta c th vit: EK = U = 75,43 (V)
U
75,43
W=
=
= 166,55(vng )
4,44.f ' .BT .Q 4,44.6.50.0,8.4,25.10 4
Ly W = 166 (vng)
8- Dng in chy qua cun khng:
Trang 29
n mn hc
in t cng sut
i(t ) = I d + I 1m cos(6 + 1 )
Dng in hiu dng chy qua cun khng:
2
I
5,95
= 59,65( A)
I K = I + 1m = 59,5 2 +
2
2
9- Chn mt dng in qua cun khng: J = 2,75 (A/mm2)

10- Tit din dy qun cun khng:
I
59,65
SK = K =
= 21,7(mm 2 )
J
2,75
Chn dy tit din ch nht, cch in cp B
Chn SK = 21,9 (mm2)
Xem ph lc 9, chn kch thc dy aK . bK = 3,8 . 5,9 (mm)
I K 59,65
=
= 2,72( A / mm 2 )
Tnh li mt dng in J =
SK
21,9
11- Chn h s lp y:
2
d
K ld =
W.S K
= 0,7
Q CS
12- Din tch ca s:

QCS =
W.S K 166.21,7
=
= 51,46(cm 2 )
K ld
0,7
13- Tnh kch thc mch t:

QCS = c . h
h
a
Q CS
Chn m = = 3 , suy ra h = 3 . a = 3 . 20 = 60 (mm)

c=
51, 46
= 8,57 ( cm )
60
14- Chiu cao mch t:

H = h + a = 60 + 20 = 80 (mm)
15- Chiu di mch t:
L = 2 . c + 2 . a = 2 . 8,57 + 2 . 20 = 211,4 (mm)
16- Chn khong cch t gng ti cun dy: hg = 2 (mm)
17- Tnh s vng dy trn mt lp:
h 2.h g 60 2.2
W1 =
=
= 9,49(vng ) 10(vng )
bK
5,9
18- Tnh s lp dy qun:
n1 =
W 166
=
= 16,6 (lp) 17 (lp)
W1 10
Mi lp 10 vng.
19- Chn khong cch cch in gia dy qun vi tr:
a01 = 3 (mm)
Cch in gia cc lp: cd1 = 0,1 (mm)
Trang 30
n mn hc
in t cng sut
20- B dy cun dy:

Bd = (ak + cd1 ) . n1 = (3,8 + 0,1) . 17 = 66,3 (mm)
21- Tng b dy cun dy:
Bd
= B d + a 01 = 66,3 + 3 = 69,3( mm)
22- Chiu di ca vng dy trong cng:

l1 = 2.(a + b) + 2. .a 01 = 2.( 20 + 25) + 2. .3 = 108,8( mm)
23- Chiu di ca vng dy ngoi cng:
l1 = 2.(a + b) + 2. .(a 01 + Bd ) = 2.(20 + 25) + 2. .(3 + 66,3) = 525,20(mm)
Chiu di trung bnh ca 1 vng dy:
l +l
108,8 + 525,2
l tb = 1 2 =
= 317(mm)
2
2
24- in tr ca dy qun 750C:
l tb .W
317.10 3.166
= 0,02133.
= 0,052()
R = 75 .
21,7
Sk
Ta thy in tr rt b nn gi thit ban u b qua in tr l ng.
25- Th tch st:
VFe = 2 .a . b . h + a . b . L = a . b . (2 . h + L)
= 20 . 25 . 10-4 . (2 . 60 + 211,4) . 10-2 = 0,16 (dm3)
26- Khi lng st:
MFe = VFe . mFe = 0,16 . 7,85 = 1,256 (kg)
27- Khi lng ng:
MCu = VCu . mCu = Sk . ltb . W . mCu
= 21,7 . 317 . 166 . 8,9 . 10-6 = 10,16 (kg)
Trang 31
n mn hc
in t cng sut
CHNG 4
TNH CHN CC PHN T MCH IU KHIN
-Tiristor ch m cho dng in chy qua khi c in p dng t trn anot v
xung dng dng t vo cc iu khin G. Sau khi tiristor m th xung iu
khin khng cn tc dng, dng in chy qua tiristor do thng s ca mch
ng lc quyt nh.
-Mch iu khin c cc chc nng sau:
+iu chnh c v tr xung iu khin trong phm vi na chu k dng
ca in p t trn anot catot ca tiristor.
+To ra c cc xung iu kin m c tiristor (xung iu khin
thng c bin t 2 - 10 V, rng xung tiristorx = 20 - 100 s i vi thit
b chnh lu).
rng xung c tnh theo biu thc:
tx =
I dt
di
dt
Trong : Idt : dng duy tr ca tiristor
di
: tc tng trng ca dng ti
dt
1/ Thit k mch iu khin:

-Cu trc mch iu khin ca tiristor:
ucm : in p iu khin : in p mt chiu

ur : in p ng b: in p xoay chiu hoc bin th ca n, ng b vi in
p anot catot ca tiristor.
+Khu 1: Khu so snh,hiu in ucm-u c a vo khu so snh ,lm vic nh
mt trig .Khi UCM UC =0 th trig lt trng thi u ra ta nhn c 1 sn
xung
+Khu 2: a hi 1 trng thi n nh,ly tn hiu sn xungto ra mt xung
+Khu 3: Khuch i xung
+Khu 4: Bin p xung
Bng cch tc ng vo Udk ta c th iu chnh c v tr xung iu khin,
cng tc l iu chnh c gc m
-Mch iu khin thng c thit k theo nguyn tc thng ng tuyn tnh.
Trang 32
n mn hc
in t cng sut
- to thnh 1 mch iu khin thng s dng cc linh kin: bin p ng

pha, vi mch TCA 780 (cng tc ngng), tranzitor, my bin p xung, cc diot
v diot zener v mt s linh kin in t khc.
*Tnh ton mch iu khin:
iu khin c gc 1v 2 ta phi iu khin Udk1 v Udk2
1 + 2 =
Tng ng: Udk1 + Udk2 = UM
Trong : UM: in p iu khin cc i ca TCA: UM = 16 (V)
Suy ra: Udk1 + Udk2 = 16 (V)
(1)
tho mn iu kin (1), ta chn b khuch i tr nh hnh v, nn ta c:
Udk2 = K2 . UM K1 . Udk1
(2)
K1 =
R7
R4
K2 =
R4 + R7
R6
.
R4
R5 + R6
Khi , theo s ta c:
T (1) v (2) ta c: Udk2 = K2 . 16 K1 . Udk1
n gin ta chn K1 = K2
R + R7
R6
R
4
.
= 7
R4
R5 + R6 R4
Chn R4 = R5 = R6 = R7 suy ra K1 =K2 = 1
Suy ra Udk2 = 16 Udk1 (V)
2/ Vi mch TCA 780:
a) Gii thiu :
Vi mch TCA 780 cn c gi l cng tc ngng.
-c bn rng ri trn th trng, vi mch ny do hng Siemens ch to, c
s dng iu khin cc thit b chnh lu, thit b iu chnh dng in xoay
chiu.
-TCA 780 l vi mch phc hp thc hin 4 chc nng ca mt mch iu khin:
+ T u in p ng b.
Trang 33
n mn hc
in t cng sut
+ To in p rng ca ng b
+ So snh
+ To xung ra
Hnh 4-3
Pin
Chn
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Symbol
K hiu
GND
Q2
QU
Q1
VSYNC
I
QZ
VREF
R9
C10
V11
C12
L
Q1
Q2
Vs
Function (Chc nng)

Ground
Output 2 inverted
Output U
Output 1 inverted
Ni t
u ra s 2 o
u ra U
u ra s 1 o
Synchronous voltage in p ng b
Inhibit
Chn kho
Output Z
u ra Z
Stabilized voltage
in p chun
Ramp resistance in tr tuyn tnh
Ramp capacitance T tuyn tnh
Control voltage
in p iu khin
Pulse extension
M rng xung
Long pulse
Xung di
Output 1
u ra s 1
Output 2
u ra s 2
Supply voltage
in p ngun nui
Trang 34
n mn hc
in t cng sut
b) S vi mch TCA 780:
-C th iu chnh gc m t 00 n 1800 in
-Thng s ch yu ca TCA 780:
+in p nui: Us = 18 V
+Dng in tiu th: IS = 10 mA
+Dng in ra: I = 50 mA
Trang 35
n mn hc
in t cng sut
+in p rng ca: Ur max = (US 2) V

+in tr trong mch to in p rng ca:
R9 = 20 k - 500 k
+in p iu khin: U11 = -0,5 (Us 2) V
+Dng in ng b: IS = 200 A
+T in: C10 = 0,5 F
+Tn s xung ra: f = 10 500 Hz
c ) Nguyn l hot ng :
TCA 780 hot ng theo nguyn tc iu khin thng ng tuyn tnh
+T C10: tham gia vo khu to ra in p rng ca, n c np bng dng
in i t chn s 10 v dng i c iu chnh bng R9 (thng R9 = 20 k 500 k ).
Dng in i c tnh:
U
3,3
i= 8 =
(Thng chn R9 = 200 k )
R9 R9
U 10 =
i.t
C10
(Thng chn C10 = 0,5 F)
+Uc : in p iu khin ly t chn 11 (Khong 0,5 16 V)

+Ur = Uc Uv : khi Uc = Ur tc Uv =0 th TCA lm nhim v so snh v to
xung ra. Bng cch lm thay i Uc c th iu chnh thi im xut hin xung
ra tc iu chnh c gc m
+Ti thi im t = t0, U10 = Uc = U11, xut hin xung dng chn 15 nn
V(t)>0, xut hin xung ra chn 14 nu V(t)<0
t0 =
C10 .U 10 R9 .C10 .U c
=
i
U8
Gc m = t 0 = .R9 .C10 .
Uc
= K .U c
U8
Vy gc m bin thin t (0 1800 in) cng c th thay i bng cch thay

i Uc hoc R9.
+T C12 c tc dng khuch i rng xung ra. C12 c th chn 0 100 pF.
Mun c rng xung ln c th chn C12 > 300 pF.
+US : in p ngun nui t cc chn 6, 13, 16 vi in p 1 chiu (18 V)
Lu : +Trng hp s chnh lu hnh tia 3 pha s dng 3 tiristor ta ch cn
s dng xung ra ly t chn s 15.
+ c c xung iu khin ln lt cho c 3 tiristor cn c 3 vi mch
TCA 780 m nhn.
3/ Khu khuch i xung:
-Xung ra trn vi mch TCA 780 cha ln c th m tiristor, do cn
khuch i xung c bin ln c th m tiristor ng lc.
-Khuch i to xung gm cc linh kin: transistor, bin p xung, diot v cc
in tr phn cc cho tranzitor.
Trang 36
n mn hc
in t cng sut
a) S 1 pha ca khu khuch i xung:
Hnh 4-6
b) Chc nng ca cc linh kin:
- Dz1:diot n p,n nh in p u vo ca khu khuch i .
- D3: hng dng cung cp cho transistor.
- D2, Dz2: hn ch qu in p trn cc colector v emitor ca transistor.
- R1, R2: in tr hn ch dng phn cc IB ca transistor.
- Rc:in tr hn ch dng collector.
- D4:ngn chn xung p m c th c khi T b kha.
- Rg: hn ch dng iu khin
- R3: iu khin bin v sn xung ra.
c) Hot ng ca s :
Gi s tn hiu vo Uc (l tn hiu logic) c ly t chn 15 (v 14) ca TCA
780.
-Khi Uc = 1 (mc logic 1)th tranzitor dn bo ho
Gi s khi t = 0, Uc = 1, tranzitor dn, in cm L ca bin p xung ngn
US
I
=
c
khng cho
Rc ngay, m dng Ic tng t t theo hm m
t
Uc
(1 e T )
ic =
Rc
L1
T
=
vi
Rc
-Khi Uc = 0 (mc logic 0) th Dz1 b chn li v tranzitor b kho.

Trang 37
n mn hc
in t cng sut
Khi t = t1 Uc = 0 ta c:
t1
U
US
.(1 e T ) = I 0 < S
i L (t1 ) = i c (t1 ) =
Rc
Rc
Tranzitor b kho Ic = 0
Vy nu khng c diot D2 th nng lng W =
1
L.I 02 sinh ra qu in p trn
2
cc C v E, qu in p c th vt qu 100V nn c th ph hu transistor.
Khi c D2: UCE = UC UE = 0,8 (V) th D2 m cho dng chy qua lm ngn
mch 2 im C, F trn cun s cp my bin p xung.
Do : UCE = US + 0,8 (V)
4/ Khu truyn hm iu khin:
Khi c xung cun dy th cp ca my bin p xung, xung ny truyn qua D4
n iu khin m tiristor khi T c phn cc thun.
5/ Tnh chn cc thng s ca cc phn t mch iu khin:
a) Tnh chn cc phn t trong khu khuch i xung:
Chn diot D4 dng iu khin ca tiristor 91RC60:
US = 7 V, Ig = 300 mA
Chn diot D4 loi S310 ca Lin X vi cc thng s:
UCE = 40 V, UBE = 3 V, Ic max = 300 mA, = 13 25
Vi IC = 150 mA, chn = 20
IB =
IC
150
= 7,5mA
20
in tr Rc:
Rc =
U CE U 1 U D 3 U S U 1 U D 3 18 15,2 0,6
=
=
= 14,667()
Ic
Ic
150.10 3
Rc = 15()
Tnh chn R1:
U BE
3.10 6
=
= 70,58()
R1 =
I c .I B 150.7,5.10 6
Chn D2, D3 loi S310 c cc thng s:
I = 0,5 A, Ung max = 20 V, UV = UD3 = 0,6 V
Diot Dz l loi diot zener loi 1W3815 c cc thng s:
Imax = 264 mA, U0N = 16 V, Pmax = 2 W
Tnh chn Dz1 v R2:
Dng in ra t chn 14 v 15 qua diot D1 l 50 mA
Bin xung ra Ux = 16 V
Chn Dz1 l diot zener loi KU139A c cc thng s
U = 3,7 V; Imax = 70 mA; Imin = 30 mA
Dng in ra trn chn 14 v 15 qua diot D1 l 50 mA
Bin xung ra Ux = 16 V
Trang 38
n mn hc
in t cng sut
in tr R2 c tnh nh sau:
R2 =
U X U U BE 16 3,7 3
=
= 186()
I
150
b) Chn cc phn t bn ngoi TCA 780:

Ta chn Rq = 100(k)
C10 = 0,5( F )
C12 = 0,5( F )
c) Tnh ton my bin p ng pha:
My bin p ng pha l my bin p to ngun cung cp cho TCA 780.
My bin p ng pha c in p ln 380/220 V, c s ni dy to ra
lch 300 mt cch t nhin, ng thi to ra s ng pha ca my bin p th
cp.
di xung rng ca ca c di ca my bin p ng pha vi in p iu
khin cc i l:
U dk
UC
16
U 2 max =
=
=
= 91,954(V )
sin 170 0 sin 170 0 0,174
TCA c dng vo ng b khong I5 = 200 ( A)
Vy in tr R5 c tnh nh sau:
U
91,954
= 0,46.10 6 () = 460(k)
R5 = 2 =
I5
200
T s bin p ca my bin p ng pha:
U
380
n= 1 =
= 4,133
U 2 91,954
Dng in s cp ca my bin p l:
I
200
I1 = 2 =
= 48,397( A)
n 4,133
Cng sut ca my bin p ng pha:
S = 3 . U1 . I 1 = 3 . 380 . 48,397 .106 = 55,77 . 103 (W)
Cng sut ca my bin p ng pha tng i nh.
d) Tnh chn bin p xung:
T s bin p ca bin p xung c tnh theo cng thc:
m=
U1
UX
(thng m = 2 -3 )
Chn m = 2
Vy in p s cp ca bin p xung l:
U1 = m . UX = 2 . (7 + 0,6) = 15,2 (V)
Vi UX = Uq + Up = (7 + 0,6) (V)
Dng in s cp ca bin p xung:
Trang 39
n mn hc
I1 =
in t cng sut
Ig
= 150( mA)
2
*Mch t:
Chn vt liu st t 330, li st t c dng hnh ch nht, lm vic trn 1 phn
c tnh ca t ho tuyn tnh BS = 2,2 T, B = 1,7 T lm vic f = 50 Hz, c
khe H = 50 A/m.
T thm ca li thp t:
B
0,7
=
=
= 1,4.10 4
6
0 H 50.10
V mch t c khe h nn phi tnh t thm trung bnh.
S b ta chn chiu di trung bnh ca ng sc:
L = 0,1 m; khe h lkh = 10-5
tb =
L
l kh +
0,1
10 5 +
0,1
1,4.10 4
= 5,8.10 3
Th tch li st t:
tb . 0 .t X .S .U S 2 .I 2 5,8.10 3.10 6 .5.10 4.0,15.15,2.0,15
V = 1 =
=
B 2
0,7 2
= 2,204 . 10-6 (m) = 2,204 (cm3)
Chn th tch bng 3 (cm3)
Chn cc s liu thit k:
l = 2 (cm), a =
3
=1,5 (cm)
2
S vng dy cun s cp bin p xung:

U 1 .tx1
15,2.5.10 4
=
= 95(vng )
W1 =
B. .K 0,7.1,5.0,76.10 4
S vng dy cun th cp bin p xung:
U
7,6.95
W2 = 2 .W1 =
= 47,5(vng )
U1
15,2
Trang 40
n mn hc
in t cng sut
CHNG 5
MCH BO V V KT LUN
I-Mch bo v:
1/Gii thiu :
Cc phn t bn dn cng sut c s dng ngy cng rng ri, c nhiu
u im nh: gn nh, lm vic vi tin cy cao, tc ng nhanh, hiu sut
cao, d dng t ng ho...
Tuy nhin nhng phn t bn dn cng sut rt kh tnh ton v cng hay
b h hng do nhiu nguyn nhn khc nhau.
Do cn phi bo v cc tiristor, cn phi tn trng cc t s gii hn s
dng do nh ch to nh vi tng phn t.
- in p ngc ln nht
- Gi tr trung bnh ln nht i vi dng in
- Nhit ln nht i vi thit b
- Tc tng trng ln nht ca dng in
di
dt
- Thi gian kho toff

- Thi gian m ton
- Dng in kch thch
- in p kch
Cc phn t bn dn cng sut cn c bo v chng nhiu s c bt ng
xy ra gy nhiu lon nguy him nh: ngn mch ti, qu in p hoc qu dng
in.
Cc phn t bn dn rt nhy cm vi nhit . Trong khi lm vic vi
nhit qu nhit cho php d thi gian rt ngn cng c th ph hu thit
b.
i vi bn dn Ge: TjM = 800 - 1000
i vi bn dn Si: TjM = 1800 2000
Nu phn t bn dn khng c lm mt th kh nng chu dng in ch
cn 30% - 50%. cho cc tiristor lm vic c tt ta dng qut lm mt i
vi cc tiristor nh. i vi cc tiristor c cng sut ln th dng nc hoc du
bin th lm mt.
Khi cho xung iu khin vo van th ban u ch c nhng im ln cn
tip gip vi J2 dn in mi mi lan dn ra xut hin nhng vng c in
trng ln. V dng in, nu
di
ln th tc lan truyn ca dng in trong
dt
mt ghp J2 c th to nhng vng nng chy, mt ghp J2 b hng. C th gim

Trang 41
n mn hc
nh c
in t cng sut
di
bng cch t mt in khng bo ho trong mch anot ca tiristor.
dt
c im ca cun khng, khi mach t cha bo ho th c mt in khng ln,

khi mch t bo ho th c in khng nh.
2/ Bo v qu nhit cho cc van bn dn:
1- Tn tht cng sut trn 1 tiristor:
P = U .I lv = 1,5.34.51 = 51,77( W)
2- Din tch b mt to nhit:

P
51,77
Sn =
=
= 0,16(m 2 )
K n . 8.40
Trong : : chnh lch nhit so vi mi trng.
Ly Tmt = 400C
Chn Tlv trn cnh tn nhit l 800C
Suy ra = Tlv Tmt = 400C
Kn : h s to nhit bng i lu v bc x.
Chn Kn = 8 W/m2.0C
Chn loi cnh tn nhit c 12 cnh, kch thc mi cnh a.b=10.10 (cm)
Tng din tch tn nhit ca cnh:
S = 12 . 2 . 10 . 10 = 2400 (cm2) = 0,24 (m2)
3/ Bo v qu dng in cho van:
Aptomat dng ng ct mch ng lc, t ng bo v khi qu ti v
ngn mch tiristor, ngn mch u ra b bin i, ngn mch th cp my bin
p, ngn mch ch nghch lu.
1- Chn 1 aptomat c:
I dm = 1,1.I ld = 1,1. 3.44,84 = 85,43( A) 85( A)

Udm = 220 (V)
C 3 tip im chnh, c th ng ct bng tay hoc bng nam chm in
Chnh nh dng ngn mch:
I nm = 2,5.I ld = 2,5. 3.44,84 = 194,16( A) 194( A)
Dng qu ti:
I qt = 1,5.I ld = 1,5. 3.44,84 = 116,49( A) 116 ( A)
2- Chn cu dao c dng nh mc:
I qt = 1,1.I ld = 1,1. 3.44,84 = 85( A)

Cu dao dng to khe h an ton khi sa cha h truyn ng.
3- Dng dy chy tc ng nhanh bo v ngn mch cc tiristor ngn mch
u ra ca b chnh lu:
Nhm 1CC:
Dng in nh mc mc dy chy nhm 1CC:
I1CC = 1,1 . I2 = 1,1 . 48,58 = 53,44 (A)
Nhm 2CC:
Trang 42
n mn hc
in t cng sut

I2CC = 1,1 . Ihd = 1,1 . 34,51 = 37,96 (A)
Nhm 3CC:
I3CC = 1,1 . Id = 1,1 . 59,5 = 65,45 (A)
Vy chn cu chy nhm:
1CC loi 60 (A), 2CC loi 40 (A), 3CC loi 70 (A)
4/ Bo v qu in p cho van:
- Bo v qu in p do qu trnh ng ct tiristor c thc hin bng cch mc
R-C song song vi tiristor.
Chn R1 = 5,1 ( ), C1 = 0,25 ( F )
Mch RC bo v qu in p do chuyn mch
- Bo v xung in p t li in, ta mc mch R-C nh hnh v:
Mch RC bo v qu in p t li
Chn R2 = 12,5 ( ), C1 = 4 ( F )
II/Kt lun:
Qua n mn hc in t cng sut vi ti: thit k chnh lu hnh
tia ba pha ng c in mt chiu c o chiu, gip em hiu r hn v:
ng c in mt chiu, thyristo, b chnh lu hnh tia ba pha, cc khu iu
khin , vi mch TCA780, mch bo v,cng nh cch tnh ton cc thng s
ca cc linh kin trong mch.
Trang 43

n mn hc
in t cng sut
TI LIU THAM KHO

1- in t cng sut .
Tc gi: L Vn Doanh, Nguyn Th Cng, Trn Vn Thnh.
2- in t cng sut .
Tc gi: Nguyn Bnh.
3- My in 2 .
Tc gi: V Gia Hanh, Trn Khnh H, Phan T Th, Nguyn Vn Su.
Trang 44

Do An Dien Tu Cong Suat

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Do An Dien Tu Cong Suat

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

n mn hc

Sinh vin thc hin

SVTH: Nguyn Th Kim Trc - Lp 032

SVTH: Nguyn Th Kim Trc - Lp 032

Trong nn sn xut hin i, my in mt chiu vn c coi l mt loi

II- c tnh c ca my in mt chiu:

Ngoi c tnh c, i vi ng c in mt chiu ngi ta cn s dng c

Nu biu din sc in ng theo tc quay n (vng/pht) th:

T cc biu thc trn, ta c:

SVTH: Nguyn Th Kim Trc - Lp 032

L phng trnh c tnh c in ca ng c.

Thay gi tr I vo phng trnh c tnh ca ng c ta c:

Nu b qua cc tn tht c v tn tht thp th mmen c trn trc ng c

Inm,Mnm: c gi l dng in ngn mch v mmen ngn mch.

SVTH: Nguyn Th Kim Trc - Lp 032

a) nh hng ca in tr phn ng:

Mun thay iin tr mch phn ng ta ni thm in tr ph Rf vo

Khi Rf cng ln cng nh ngha l c tnh c cng dc. ng vi Rf=0 ta

SVTH: Nguyn Th Kim Trc - Lp 032

TN c gi tr ln nht nn c tnh c t nhin c cng hn tt c cc

Nh vy khi thay i in p t vo phn ng ng c ta c mt h

SVTH: Nguyn Th Kim Trc - Lp 032

Do cu to ca ng c in, thc t thng iu chnh gim t thng. Nn

a. c tnh c in ca ng c in mt chiu b. c tnh c cua ng c in mt

Dng in ngn mch:

Mmen ngn mch:

Cc c tnh c in v c tnh ca ng c khi gim t thng c biu

SVTH: Nguyn Th Kim Trc - Lp 032

V vy cn phi c nhng b bin i ph hp cung cp mch in phn

+ u im ca h ny l tc ng nhanh, khng gy n v d t ng ho. Do

SVTH: Nguyn Th Kim Trc - Lp 032

T phng trnh c tnh ng c tng qut:

Ta thy s thay i Uu th 0 s thay i, cn = const

Nh vy mun thay i in p phn ng Uu ta phi c b ngun cung cp in

Vy khi ta thay i gc iu khin = (0 ) th Ed thay i t Ed0 n

SVTH: Nguyn Th Kim Trc - Lp 032

2/ Nguyn l hot ng:

t lm cho J2 tr thnh mt ghp dn in bt u t mt dim no xung

Ig : Gia tr dong iu khin ghi trong s tay

- Lc u qu trnh t t0 t1, dng in ngc kh ln, sau J1, J3 tr nn

tn s lm chng t dn i cho n ht v J2 khi phc li tnh cht ca mt ghp

U c (t ) = E 1 2.e at = U T 1 . Thi gian t l khong thi

gian k t khi m T2 cho n khi UT1 bt u tr thnh dng, vy ta c:

SVTH: Nguyn Th Kim Trc - Lp 032

= 0,693 .R1C hoc C =

toff : ; I : Ampe ; E : Volt ; C : F

on 1 : ng vi trng thi kho ca tiristor, ch c dng in r chy qua

SVTH: Nguyn Th Kim Trc - Lp 032

II- Chnh lu hnh tia 3 pha:

Gm 1 my bin p 3 pha c th cp ni Y0, 3 pha tiristor ni vi ti nh

2/ Nguyn l hot ng:

*Nhp V1: khong thi gian t 1 > 2 . Ti 1 in p t ln u1 > 0, c

Trong nhp V2: uV3 t m chuyn ln 0, khi uV3 = 0 th T3 m, lc ny uV2

Trong : Kdt u : h s d tr ( Kdt u = 1,6 2)

Cng sut biu kin my bin p:

SVTH: Nguyn Th Kim Trc - Lp 032

4/ Dng in hiu dng th cp my bin p:

5/ Dng in hiu dng s cp my bin p:

Chun ho ng knh tr theo tiu chun d = 10 (cm)

Suy ra h = 2,3 . d = 2,3 . 10 = 23 (cm)

Chn W2 = 136 (vng)

Chn dy dn tit din ch nht, cch in cp B

Kch thc dy c k cch in: S1 cd = a1 .b1 = 2,24 . 7,5 (mm)