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HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG

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Ging vin: L Tng Hoa
in thoi/E-mail: 0946820184 /hoalt@ptit.edu.vn
B mn: V tuyn Khoa Vin thng 1
H Ni, 06/2011
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Tn hc phn:

Truyn dn v tuyn s (Digital radio transmission)

Tng lng kin thc:

60 tit
+
L thuyt: 50 tit; Thc hnh: 10 tit

Mc tiu hc phn:

Gii thiu chung v truyn dn v tuyn s:


L thuyt truyn dn dng sng; M ho knh; iu ch v gii
iu ch s; Ngu nhin ho; Mt m ho v gii mt m;

Gii thiu cc vn ca h thng truyn dn v tuyn s:


Cc mch in tch cc v cc b lc; Thit b v h thng truyn
dn v tuyn s; Phn tch ng truyn; Thit k v o c h
thng; H thng truyn dn bng siu rng.
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TRUYN DN V TUYN S
Lin quan n bit thng tin
iu ch
M ha
Ngu nhin ha
Mi trng truyn dn
khng dy
Suy hao
Fading
Hin tng bng rm
Tri doppler
M hnh knh truyn sng
Ly mu
Tn s ly mu Nyquis
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Ni dung hc phn:
Chng 1: Tng quan v truyn dn v tuyn s
Vai tr, c im, s khi chung
Chng 2: Cc dng tn hiu trong truyn dn v tuyn s
Hm tn hiu, tn hiu bng gc, c tnh ng truyn
Chng 3: Khng gian tn hiu v iu ch
Biu din khng gian tn hiu
thut iu ch: BPSK, QPSK, ASK, MQAM
Chng 4: Knh v tuyn v dung lng knh v tuyn
Khi nim, m hnh, cc tham s c trng ca knh v tuyn;
ung lng knh v phng php nng cao dung lng knh
Chng 5: M ha knh kim sot li
Nguyn tc, cc phng php: M khi tuyn tnh, m xon


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Ni dung hc phn:
Chng 6: Gim cp cht lng ng truyn dn v bin php
chng pha inh
Nguyn nhn lm gim cp, phn bit cc loi mo tn hiu,
Bin php chng pha inh c bn.
Chng 7: Thit b v h thng truyn dn v tuyn s
Ch tiu k thut, s khi, nguyn l lm vic
Chng 8: Phn tch ng truyn v tuyn s
Qu ng truyn, tnh ton cc thng s tuyn, d tr ng truyn
Chng 9: H thng truyn dn bng siu rng
Tn hiu v h thng UWB


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Sch gio khoa:

ThS. Nguyn Vit m, Truyn dn v tuyn s, Bi ging, Hc vin cng


ngh BCVT, 10/2007

Ti liu tham kho:

[1] TS. Nguyn Phm Anh Dng, Truyn dn v tuyn s, Bi ging, Hc


vin cng ngh BCVT, 10/2007

[2] TS. Nguyn Phm Anh Dng, C s truyn dn v tuyn s, Hc vin


cng ngh BCVT, 1999

[3] Dung, H thng truyn dn Vibas, Hc vin cng ngh BCVT

[4] Rodger E. Ziemer, Rodger L. Peterson, Digital Communications

nh gi

Tham gia hc tp trn lp : 10 %

Thc hnh/Th nghim/Bi tp/Tho lun : 20 %

Kim tra gia k : 15 %

Kim tra cui k : 55 %



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TNG QUAN V TRUYN DN V TUYN S
CHNG 1
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NI DUNG (4)
1.1. Vai tr ca truyn dn v tuyn s
1.2. c im c bn ca truyn dn v tuyn s
1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng truyn dn v tuyn s
1.4. Cu hnh v phn loi h thng truyn dn v tuyn s


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ng trung k s ni gia cc tng i s.
ng truyn dn ni tng i chnh vi cc tng i v tinh
ng truyn dn ni cc thu bao vi tng i chnh hoc tng i v tinh.
B tp trung thu bao v tuyn.
Kt ni cc my di ng vi mng vin thng (h thng TTD).
Kt my cm tay v tuyn vi tng i ni ht (h thng in thoi khng dy s).
1.1. Vai tr ca TDVTS
Cc h thng v tuyn s c s dng lm cc ng truyn dn s
gia cc phn t khc nhau ca mng vin thng.
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RSC
M ng ni h t
G
h

p

k

n
h
G
h

p

k

n
h
G
h

p

k

n
h
G
h

p

k

n
h
LS
LS
TS
B
S
H
T
h

n
g

t
i
n

d
i

n
g
/

n

t
h
o

i

k
h

n
g

d

y
TE
TE
M ng ni h t
TE
TE
B
S
H
{
M ng lin tng i

LS (Local Switching Center): Tng i ni h t,
TS (Transfer SwitchingCenter): Tng i qu giang
BS (Base Station): Tr m v tuyn gc,
H (Handphone): M y cm tay
RSC (Remote Subscriber Concentrator) : B tp trung thu bao xa,
TE(Terminal Equipment): Thit bu cui
RSC
1.1. Vai tr ca TDVTS
FDMA
TDMA
CDMA
FDMA
TDMA
CDMA
OFDMA
TDVTS ng vai tr thit yu trong s pht trin bng n ca mng thng tin di ng.
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1. Mi trng truyn dn h
Kh hu thi tit.
a hnh: mt t, i ni, nh ca cy ci...
Suy hao trong mi trng ln.
Ngun nhiu trong thin nhin: phng in trong kh quyn, pht x ca cc hnh tinh khc
Nhiu cng nghip t cc ng c nh la bng tia la in
Nhiu t cc thit b v tuyn khc (MAI, nhiu ph,.).
D b nghe trm v s dng tri php ng truyn thng tin (an ninh)
1.2. c im c bn ca TDVTS
NHC IM
C
A
D
B
Receiver
Transmitter

A: Truyn thng LOS
B: Phn x (Reflection)
C: Nhiu x (Diffraction) NLOS
D: Tn x (Scattering)
Phn x:
Vt cn c kch thc ln hn nhiu so vi .
Nhiu x:
Cc b mt sc cnh.
Tn x:
Vt cn c kch thc nh hn so vi

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1.2. c im c bn ca TDVTS
2. Ti nguyn hn ch
TDVTS thc hin gii tn t 1GHz n vi chc GHz
a dng gii tn t 1 n 6 GHz v suy hao vng tn s ny thp hn
Dung lng truyn dn hn ch
NHC IM
Nu coi b ng tn truyn dn chim 5% tn s sng mang trung tm
, ,

=
=
B ng tn cho php

TD V tuyn t i GHz
GHz GHz
f
10 05 0 5
0
0
1
. , ,

= = =


B ng tn cho php
TD Quang t i =1500nm
G
GH
Hz
z GHz
c
f
5
8
5
5
9
2 10 0 0
3 10
2 10
150
1
0
10
1
0
0
5
5
r ng b ng t n cho php TD Quang gp k hong 10 l n
V d v dung lng truyn dn hn ch

1GHz n vi chc GHz
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1. Linh hot
Trin khai nhanh h thng
Vn u t thp
2. Di ng
Thng tin lin tc mi ni mi lc
U IM
1.2. c im c bn ca TDVTS
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1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
T chc quy hoch s dng ti nguyn v tuyn hp l
a truy nhp, ghp song cng, quy hoch
T chc cu hnh h thng hp l
Phn tp khng gian, tn s, phn cc, gc, thi gian
S dng cc cng ngh x l s phc tp
M ha knh kim sot li, an xen, ngu nhin ha, cn
bng thch ng, mt m ha.
Hon thin cc mch in v tuyn
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T chc quy hoch s dng ti nguyn v tuyn hp l
( )
S h
T
dng c, s dng ht, s dng hiu qu ti nguyn iu ch, g p knh, a truy nhp
i nguyn v tuyn tn s, thi gian, m, khng gian
=>
= f
Kt h p v i nhau to thnh ph ng ph p a truy nhp m i
: Frequency Division Multiple Access
: Time Division Multiple Access
: Code Division Multiple Access
: Space Division Access
FDMA
TDMA
CDMA
SDMA
Cc phng php a truy nhp c xy dng trn c s phn chia ti nguyn v tuyn cho cc
ngun s dng (knh truyn dn) khc nhau
1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
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T chc quy hoch s dng ti nguyn v tuyn hp l
a truy nhp
FDMA,
TDMA,
CDMA,
OFDMA,
ALOHA,
CSMA,
Cognitive radio
1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
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1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
T chc quy hoch s dng ti nguyn v tuyn hp l
1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
Ghp song cng
Ghp song cng theo tn s (FDD: Frequency Division Duplex)
tn hiu pht/thu ca mt my thu bao ng thi c pht/thu trn hai bng tn con
khc nhau.
Ch ghp song cng theo thi gian (TDD: Time Division Duplex)
tn hiu pht/thu ca mt my thu bao c pht/thu trn cng tn s nhng khong
thi gian pht thu khc nhau.


t
f
Khong
bo v
t
f
ng
ln
FDD TDD
phn cch song cng Dy
rng bng
tn Dx
ng
xung
rng bng
tn Dx
rng bng
tn Dx
ng ln
ng xung
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1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
T chc quy hoch s dng ti nguyn v tuyn hp l
Quy hoch
Ti s dng tn s
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PHN TP
Thng tin c truyn ng thi trn nhiu ng c lp t c tin
cy truyn dn cao (cc ng truyn khng tng quan nhau)
+
Phn tp thi gian:
Cc k hiu c truyn phn tn trong cc khong thi gian khc nhau m
bo tnh c lp (m ha v an xen)
+
Phn tp tn s:
Cc k hiu c pht hai tn s c lp (cch nhau mt khong bng
rng bng tn nht qun)
+
Phn tp phn cc:
Cc k hiu c pht hai phn cc cho nhau m bo tnh c lp
+
Phn tp khng gian:
Cc k hiu n im thu theo ng i c lp nhau (s dng nhiu anten
pht hoc thu t khong cch xa)
SIMO: Single Input Multiple Output
MISO: Multiple Input Single Output
MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output


3.6 Phn tp
1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
T chc cu hnh h thng hp l
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Phn tp khng gian
+
S dng hai anten tr ln cho thu hoc pht
-
B tr cch nhau > 5 theo phng thng ng
-
Khong cch m bo tn hiu i trn hai knh khng tng quan nhau
+
ng thi cng truyn mt tn hiu trn hai knh
-
Do hai knh c lp nn khng b phadinh ng thi

Kt hp tn hiu t cc
anten nhn c tn hiu tt
L phng php s dng ph bin, chng c c phadinh phng v phadinh
la chn, thng s dng phn tp khng gian thu
f
f

T
x

R
x

R
x


Kt
hp
S liu
vo
S liu ra
1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
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Phn tp tn s
+
S dng hai cp my thu/pht lm vic hai tn s khc nhau
-
Cc tn s phi c khong cch m bo khng tng quan phadinh vi nhau
-
To nn hai knh v tuyn c lp
+
ng thi cng truyn mt tn hiu trn hai knh
-
Do hai knh c lp nn khng b phadinh ng thi

Kt hp tn hiu t cc
my thu nhn c tn hiu tt
L phng php s dng khng hiu qu tn s, phc tp trong cu hnh, hiu
qu trong chng phadinh la chn
SW
f
2

f
1

T
x1
R
x1

R
x2

S liu vo
S liu ra
T
x2

1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
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Phn tp thi gian
-
Phadinh su xy ra trong thi gian ngn gy li cm
+
Phn tn thi gian tn hiu pht khc phc li cm
-
Phn tn cc li trong khong thi gian rng hn

Duy tr cht lng tuyn dn trung bnh gi tr m bo yu cu


+
Thc hin bng k thut an xen tn hiu trc khi pht
L phng php hiu qu trong vic chng li khi, c s dng ph bin
1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
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1.4. Cu hnh v phn loi h thng TDVTS
CU HNH

SM
KTD
KTD
KTD
SM
GDMT
TD
GDMT
TD
GDMT
TD
GDMT
TD
u vo s
K GD
Khi x l
bng gc pht
C v
BNT
KCS
Knh mt t
ng ln
Knh v tinh
Tn hao
v tuyn
Nhiu
Tp m
Nhiu
Tp m
Tn hao
v tuyn
ng xung
Tn hao
v tuyn
Nhiu
Tp m
Pht p
v tinh
KTN
BHT, KTT
v GC
K GD
Khi x l
bng gc thu
MY PHT
MY THU
u ra s
K hiu:
KGD: Khuych i+giao din C v BNT: iu ch v bin i nng tn
SM: Sng mang
BHT, KTT, GC: Bin i h tn, khuych i trung tn v gii iu ch
KCS: Khuych i cng sut KTD: Knh truyn dn
KTN: Khuych i tp m nh GDMTTD: Giao din mi trng truyn dn
Khi K v giao din ng s
Phi khng vi ng s
Khuych i v cn bng cp ng truyn s
Bin i m ng vo m my
Ti sinh tn hiu s
Khi phc xung ng h

Khi x l s bng gc pht:
Ghp thm cc thng tin iu khin v qun l
ng truyn
Mt m ho cc thng tin quan trng
M ho knh chng li
Ngu nhin ho tn hiu s trc khi a ln
iu ch

Khi iu ch v bin i nng tn:
iu ch sng mang bng tn hiu s
chuyn i tn hiu s ny vo vng tn s cao
thun tin cho vic truyn dn
i vi cc my pht i tn vi iu ch thc
hin trung tn khi bin i nng tn cho php
chuyn tn hiu trung tn pht vo tn s v
tuyn trc khi pht.

Khi khuych i cng sut:
Khuych i cng sut pht n mc cn thit
trc khi a pht vo khng trung.

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Nhiu (Noise)
Ch cc dao ng l gy ra do cc nguyn nhn bn trong h thng/knh, bao gm
nhiu loi nh impulse noise, shot noise, thermal noise...

Tp m (interference)
Cc sng in t giao thoa t cc ngun bn ngoi khc nh nhiu v tr hay nhiu
cng nghip ti vi sng in t tn hiu ca h thng/knh ta ang xt

Pha inh (Fading)
S thng ging nhanh v bin , pha, hoc tr a ng ca mt tn hiu do tc
ng ca mi trng truyn a ng, vn tc tng i gia pha thu v pht

Mo (distortion)
Cc mo dng tn hiu gy bi c tnh knh khng hon ho (gm linear v
nonlinear distortion - mo tuyn tnh v mo phi tuyn - ln lt gy bi cc phn t
tuyn tnh v phi tuyn trn knh) ch khng phi do cc tn hiu (l) khc tc ng,
ngha l khng do nhiu hay tp m.
1.4. Cu hnh v phn loi h thng TDVTS
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1.4. Cu hnh v phn loi h thng TDVTS
CU HNH
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1.4. Cu hnh v phn loi h thng TDVTS
M HNH KNH TRUYN THNG
Knh
n(t)
) t ( s y(t) s(t) n(t) = +
a) Knh tp m cng
(M hnh knh n gin nht)
Knh
) t ( s
B lc tuyn tnh
h(t)
y(t) s(t) h(t) n(t) = +
b) Knh lc tuyn tnh vi tp m cng
(M hnh knh in thoi hu tuyn)
Knh
) t ( n
) t ( s
y(t) s(t) h( ; t) n(t) t = +
B lc tuyn tnh thay
i theo thi gian
h( ; t) t
c) Knh lc tuyn tnh ph thuc thi gian vi tp m cng
(M hnh knh v tuyn)
) t ( n
Mi trng truyn sng a ng



L
k k
k=1
h(;t)= a (t).(- )

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