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BI GING MN
TRUYN DN V TUYN S
Ging vin: L Tng Hoa
in thoi/E-mail: 0946820184 /hoalt@ptit.edu.vn
B mn: V tuyn Khoa Vin thng 1
H Ni, 06/2011
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B MN: V TUYN KHOA VIN THNG 1
Trang 2
Tn hc phn:
60 tit
+
L thuyt: 50 tit; Thc hnh: 10 tit
Mc tiu hc phn:
nh gi
p
k
n
h
G
h
p
k
n
h
G
h
p
k
n
h
G
h
p
k
n
h
LS
LS
TS
B
S
H
T
h
n
g
t
i
n
d
i
n
g
/
n
t
h
o
i
k
h
n
g
d
y
TE
TE
M ng ni h t
TE
TE
B
S
H
{
M ng lin tng i
LS (Local Switching Center): Tng i ni h t,
TS (Transfer SwitchingCenter): Tng i qu giang
BS (Base Station): Tr m v tuyn gc,
H (Handphone): M y cm tay
RSC (Remote Subscriber Concentrator) : B tp trung thu bao xa,
TE(Terminal Equipment): Thit bu cui
RSC
1.1. Vai tr ca TDVTS
FDMA
TDMA
CDMA
FDMA
TDMA
CDMA
OFDMA
TDVTS ng vai tr thit yu trong s pht trin bng n ca mng thng tin di ng.
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1. Mi trng truyn dn h
Kh hu thi tit.
a hnh: mt t, i ni, nh ca cy ci...
Suy hao trong mi trng ln.
Ngun nhiu trong thin nhin: phng in trong kh quyn, pht x ca cc hnh tinh khc
Nhiu cng nghip t cc ng c nh la bng tia la in
Nhiu t cc thit b v tuyn khc (MAI, nhiu ph,.).
D b nghe trm v s dng tri php ng truyn thng tin (an ninh)
1.2. c im c bn ca TDVTS
NHC IM
C
A
D
B
Receiver
Transmitter
A: Truyn thng LOS
B: Phn x (Reflection)
C: Nhiu x (Diffraction) NLOS
D: Tn x (Scattering)
Phn x:
Vt cn c kch thc ln hn nhiu so vi .
Nhiu x:
Cc b mt sc cnh.
Tn x:
Vt cn c kch thc nh hn so vi
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1.2. c im c bn ca TDVTS
2. Ti nguyn hn ch
TDVTS thc hin gii tn t 1GHz n vi chc GHz
a dng gii tn t 1 n 6 GHz v suy hao vng tn s ny thp hn
Dung lng truyn dn hn ch
NHC IM
Nu coi b ng tn truyn dn chim 5% tn s sng mang trung tm
, ,
=
=
B ng tn cho php
TD V tuyn t i GHz
GHz GHz
f
10 05 0 5
0
0
1
. , ,
= = =
B ng tn cho php
TD Quang t i =1500nm
G
GH
Hz
z GHz
c
f
5
8
5
5
9
2 10 0 0
3 10
2 10
150
1
0
10
1
0
0
5
5
r ng b ng t n cho php TD Quang gp k hong 10 l n
V d v dung lng truyn dn hn ch
1GHz n vi chc GHz
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1. Linh hot
Trin khai nhanh h thng
Vn u t thp
2. Di ng
Thng tin lin tc mi ni mi lc
U IM
1.2. c im c bn ca TDVTS
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1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
T chc quy hoch s dng ti nguyn v tuyn hp l
a truy nhp, ghp song cng, quy hoch
T chc cu hnh h thng hp l
Phn tp khng gian, tn s, phn cc, gc, thi gian
S dng cc cng ngh x l s phc tp
M ha knh kim sot li, an xen, ngu nhin ha, cn
bng thch ng, mt m ha.
Hon thin cc mch in v tuyn
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T chc quy hoch s dng ti nguyn v tuyn hp l
( )
S h
T
dng c, s dng ht, s dng hiu qu ti nguyn iu ch, g p knh, a truy nhp
i nguyn v tuyn tn s, thi gian, m, khng gian
=>
= f
Kt h p v i nhau to thnh ph ng ph p a truy nhp m i
: Frequency Division Multiple Access
: Time Division Multiple Access
: Code Division Multiple Access
: Space Division Access
FDMA
TDMA
CDMA
SDMA
Cc phng php a truy nhp c xy dng trn c s phn chia ti nguyn v tuyn cho cc
ngun s dng (knh truyn dn) khc nhau
1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
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T chc quy hoch s dng ti nguyn v tuyn hp l
a truy nhp
FDMA,
TDMA,
CDMA,
OFDMA,
ALOHA,
CSMA,
Cognitive radio
1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
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1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
T chc quy hoch s dng ti nguyn v tuyn hp l
1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
Ghp song cng
Ghp song cng theo tn s (FDD: Frequency Division Duplex)
tn hiu pht/thu ca mt my thu bao ng thi c pht/thu trn hai bng tn con
khc nhau.
Ch ghp song cng theo thi gian (TDD: Time Division Duplex)
tn hiu pht/thu ca mt my thu bao c pht/thu trn cng tn s nhng khong
thi gian pht thu khc nhau.
t
f
Khong
bo v
t
f
ng
ln
FDD TDD
phn cch song cng Dy
rng bng
tn Dx
ng
xung
rng bng
tn Dx
rng bng
tn Dx
ng ln
ng xung
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1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
T chc quy hoch s dng ti nguyn v tuyn hp l
Quy hoch
Ti s dng tn s
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PHN TP
Thng tin c truyn ng thi trn nhiu ng c lp t c tin
cy truyn dn cao (cc ng truyn khng tng quan nhau)
+
Phn tp thi gian:
Cc k hiu c truyn phn tn trong cc khong thi gian khc nhau m
bo tnh c lp (m ha v an xen)
+
Phn tp tn s:
Cc k hiu c pht hai tn s c lp (cch nhau mt khong bng
rng bng tn nht qun)
+
Phn tp phn cc:
Cc k hiu c pht hai phn cc cho nhau m bo tnh c lp
+
Phn tp khng gian:
Cc k hiu n im thu theo ng i c lp nhau (s dng nhiu anten
pht hoc thu t khong cch xa)
SIMO: Single Input Multiple Output
MISO: Multiple Input Single Output
MIMO: Multiple Input Multiple Output
3.6 Phn tp
1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
T chc cu hnh h thng hp l
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Phn tp khng gian
+
S dng hai anten tr ln cho thu hoc pht
-
B tr cch nhau > 5 theo phng thng ng
-
Khong cch m bo tn hiu i trn hai knh khng tng quan nhau
+
ng thi cng truyn mt tn hiu trn hai knh
-
Do hai knh c lp nn khng b phadinh ng thi
Kt hp tn hiu t cc
anten nhn c tn hiu tt
L phng php s dng ph bin, chng c c phadinh phng v phadinh
la chn, thng s dng phn tp khng gian thu
f
f
T
x
R
x
R
x
Kt
hp
S liu
vo
S liu ra
1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
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Phn tp tn s
+
S dng hai cp my thu/pht lm vic hai tn s khc nhau
-
Cc tn s phi c khong cch m bo khng tng quan phadinh vi nhau
-
To nn hai knh v tuyn c lp
+
ng thi cng truyn mt tn hiu trn hai knh
-
Do hai knh c lp nn khng b phadinh ng thi
Kt hp tn hiu t cc
my thu nhn c tn hiu tt
L phng php s dng khng hiu qu tn s, phc tp trong cu hnh, hiu
qu trong chng phadinh la chn
SW
f
2
f
1
T
x1
R
x1
R
x2
S liu vo
S liu ra
T
x2
1.3. Cc k thut nng cao dung lng v cht lng TDVTS
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Phn tp thi gian
-
Phadinh su xy ra trong thi gian ngn gy li cm
+
Phn tn thi gian tn hiu pht khc phc li cm
-
Phn tn cc li trong khong thi gian rng hn