Nghiên cứu và phát triển chức năng HSS và SLF cho kiến trúc IMS

Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS
LI NI U
Trong nhng nm qua xu hng hi t mng Internet, mng di ng v mng PSTN ang l xu hng c quan tm hng u trong lnh vc thng tin lin lc. Nhiu kin trc mi ra i trong qu trnh pht trin hp nht cc mng vi mc ch to ra mt mng IP duy nht. Phn h IP Multmdia Subsystem (IMS) l mt trong nhng kin trc ra i trong xu th pht trin . Vi IMS, ngi dng c th lin lc khp mi ni nh tnh di ng ca mng di ng v ng thi c th s dng nhng dch v hp dn t mng Internet. IMS thc s tr thnh cha kha hp nht mng di ng v mng Internet. IMS ng thi cng tr thnh mt phn h trong m hnh mng th h mi (NGN) ca tt c cc hng sn xut cc thit b vin thng v cc t chc chun ha trn th gii. Vin FOKUS ( Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems) a ra d n OpenIMS. y l mt d n m ngun m xy dng mng li IMS, rt ph hp cho vic nghin cu IMS ca sinh vin. Trong thi gian thc tp ti phng Lab C9-411 ca b mn k thut thng tin, c s hng dn ca TS Nguyn Ti Hng, ti chn ti tt nghip cho mnh Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS. ti lin quan nhiu n thng tin ngi dng v cc dch v ca nh cung cp. y l nhng vn ln, rt quan trng trong mt mng vin thng. Qua y ti cng xin gi li cm n chn thnh ti TS Nguyn Ti Hng, TS Nguyn Hu Thanh v TS Nguyn Vn Tin gip nhit tnh cho c nhn ti cng nh tt c cc bn sinh vin ti phng Lab C9-411 hon thnh n ca mnh. Ti xin chn thnh cm n! H ni, ngy 21 thng 05 nm 2008 Sinh vin: o Anh H
TM TT N
Xu hng hi t mng internet mng di ng v mng in thoi c nh ang ngy mt tr nn cn thit v c ch trng. Phn h IMS ra i nh l mt kin trc t c mc ch . Vic nghin cu v pht trin cc chc nng ca khi HSS v SLF trong kin trc IMS c ngha quan trng trong hot ng ca mng IMS. Khi HSS cha ton b thng ca tin ngi dng gn lin vi cc thng tin dch v. Do vy n ca ti tp trung nghin cu l thuyt v c m phng trn thc t v cc phn sau: Thng tin ngi dng: Nghin cu cu trc ca thng tin ngi dng trong IMS
o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Giao thc Diameter: L giao thc bao trm ln hu ht cc hot ng ca khi HSS nh: qu trnh ng k, chng thc, cp quyn, tnh cc, khi to cuc gi ca ngi dng
ABSTRACT
Nowadays, the tendency of converging the Internet and the Cellular Worlds not only becomes more and more essential. Therefore, IMS architecture is created to achieve this goal. Researching and developing HSS and SLF functions take important role in IMS operation. In addition, HSS contains complete user and service profiles. As a result, my thesis is concentrated on studying about following theories and practical simulations: User information: Researching about the structure of user profiles in IMS architecture
Diameter protocol: a crucial protocol used in almost HSS activities

including registering, authentication, authorization, accounting, initiating user call
MC LC
LI NI U......................................................................................................1 TM TT N..............................................................................................1 ABSTRACT.........................................................................................................3 MC LC............................................................................................................4 DANH SCH HNH V......................................................................................7 DANH SCH T VIT TT...........................................................................12 Chng 0 GII THIU TI........................................................................14 0.1 Tm quan trng ca ti.........................................................................14 0.2 Ni dung nghin cu ca ti.................................................................14 Chng 1 TNG QUAN KIN TRC IMS.....................................................15 1.1 V tr v vai tr ca phn h IMS trong kin trc mng di ng 3G.........15 1.2 Cc yu cu ca IMS.................................................................................16 1.2.1 H tr vic thit lp cc phin Multimedia IP....................................16 1.2.2 H tr c ch tha thun QoS........................................................16 1.2.3 H tr lm vic lin kt vi mng Internet v mng chuyn mch knh (PSTN)................................................................................................16 1.2.4 H tr chuyn vng............................................................................17 1.2.5 H tr iu khin dch v...................................................................17 1.2.6 H tr pht trin cc dch v..............................................................17 1.2.7 H tr a truy nhp.............................................................................17 1.3 Tng quan v cc giao thc s dng trong IMS........................................18 1.3.1 Giao thc iu khin phin.................................................................18 1.3.2 Giao thc h tr chng thc, cp quyn, tnh cc...........................18 1.3.3 Cc giao thc khc.............................................................................18 1.4 Tng quan kin trc IMS...........................................................................19 1.4.2 CSCF - Call/Session Control Function..............................................20 1.4.3 C s d liu : HSS v SLF...............................................................22 1.4.4 AS (Application server)......................................................................23 1.4.5 MRF....................................................................................................25
1.4.6 BGCF..................................................................................................25 1.4.7 IMS-ALG v TrGW...........................................................................25 1.4.8 PSTN/CS gateway..............................................................................26 1.4.9 Mng ch v mng khch...................................................................27 1.5 Nhn dng ngi dng trong IMS.............................................................29 1.5.1 Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn..........................................................30 1.5.2 Mi lin h gia nhn dng ngi dng c nhn v nhn dng ngi dng cng cng............................................................................................30 1.5.3 Nhn dng dch v cng cng............................................................31 1.5.4 SIM, USIM v ISIM trong 3GPP.......................................................31 Chng 2 GIAO THC H TR CHNG THC, CP QUYN, TNH CC TRONG IMS...........................................................................................35 2.1 Chng thc v cp quyn trong IMS.........................................................35 2.2 Giao thc Diameter...................................................................................36 2.2.1 Cu trc bn tin Diameter ..................................................................38 2.2.2 Cp gi tr thuc tnh..........................................................................40 2.2.3 a ch AAA v AAAS......................................................................41 2.2.4 Giao thc Diameter c bn.................................................................42 2.2.5 Cc AVP trong giao thc Diameter c bn........................................45 2.3 Giao din Cx v Dx...................................................................................47 2.3.1 Nhng lnh trong Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx...................48 2.3.2 Cc AVP trong Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx.......................53 2.4 Thng tin ngi dng................................................................................57 2.4.1 Cu trc tng qut thng tin ngi dng............................................57 2.4.2 Nhn dng cng cng.........................................................................59 2.4.3 Cp quyn cho mng li dch v........................................................59 2.4.4 Tiu chun sng lc ban u..............................................................59 2.5 Giao din Sh..............................................................................................61 2.5.1 D liu ngi dng trn giao din Sh................................................61 2.5.2 Cc lnh nh ngha trn Diameter ng dng cho giao din Sh.........62
2.5.3 Cc AVP nh ngha trong Diameter ng dng cho giao din Sh......65 2.6 Tnh cc...................................................................................................65 Chng 3 PHN MM OPENIMS...................................................................67 3.1 Gii thiu chung v phn mm OpenIMS ca FOKUS............................67 3.2 Fokus Home Subcriber Server ( FHoSS ).................................................70 Chng 4 CC M PHNG ............................................................................74 4.1 To v ng k ngi dng mi................................................................74 4.2 C s d liu ngi dng trn mysql........................................................76 4.3 Cu hnh cc dch v.................................................................................79 4.4 Thng k cc bn tin Diameter trong qu trnh ng k...........................80 KT LUN........................................................................................................82 PH LC...........................................................................................................83 TI LIU THAM KHO..................................................................................85
DANH SCH HNH V

Chng 0 GII THIU TI........................................................................15 0.1 Tm quan trng ca ti.........................................................................15 0.2 Ni dung nghin cu ca ti.................................................................15 Chng 1 TNG QUAN KIN TRC IMS.....................................................16 1.1 V tr v vai tr ca phn h IMS trong kin trc mng di ng 3G.........16 Hnh 1.1 Kin trc ca mng UMTS.......................................................16 1.2 Cc yu cu ca IMS.................................................................................17 1.2.1 H tr vic thit lp cc phin Multimedia IP....................................17 1.2.2 H tr c ch tha thun QoS........................................................17 1.2.3 H tr lm vic lin kt vi mng Internet v mng chuyn mch knh (PSTN)................................................................................................17 1.2.4 H tr chuyn vng............................................................................18 1.2.5 H tr iu khin dch v...................................................................18 1.2.6 H tr pht trin cc dch v..............................................................18 1.2.7 H tr a truy nhp.............................................................................18 1.3 Tng quan v cc giao thc s dng trong IMS........................................19 1.3.1 Giao thc iu khin phin.................................................................19 1.3.2 Giao thc h tr chng thc, cp quyn, tnh cc...........................19 1.3.3 Cc giao thc khc.............................................................................19 1.4 Tng quan kin trc IMS...........................................................................20 Hnh 1.1 Tng quan kin trc IMS...........................................................20 1.4.2 CSCF - Call/Session Control Function..............................................21 1.4.2.1 P-CSCF........................................................................................21 1.4.2.2 I-CSCF.........................................................................................22 1.4.2.3 S-CSCF .......................................................................................22 1.4.3 C s d liu : HSS v SLF...............................................................23 Hnh 1.1 Cu trc ca HSS.......................................................................23 1.4.4 AS (Application server)......................................................................24 Hnh 1.1 Application Server.....................................................................25
1.4.5 MRF....................................................................................................26 1.4.6 BGCF..................................................................................................26 1.4.7 IMS-ALG v TrGW...........................................................................26 Hnh 1.1 IMS-ALG v TrGW...................................................................26 1.4.8 PSTN/CS gateway..............................................................................27 Hnh 1.1 PSTN/CS Getway giao tip vi mt mng CS..........................27 1.4.9 Mng ch v mng khch...................................................................28 Hnh 1.1 P-CSCF t ti mng khch.......................................................29 Hnh 1.2 P-CSCF t ti mng ch...........................................................30 1.5 Nhn dng ngi dng trong IMS.............................................................30 1.5.1 Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn..........................................................31 1.5.2 Mi lin h gia nhn dng ngi dng c nhn v nhn dng ngi dng cng cng............................................................................................31 Hnh 1.1 Mi lin h gia nhn dng ngi dng c nhn v cng cng trong Realese 5.........................................................................................32 Hnh 1.2 Mi lin h gia nhn dng ngi dng c nhn v cng cng trong Release 6..........................................................................................32 1.5.3 Nhn dng dch v cng cng............................................................32 1.5.4 SIM, USIM v ISIM trong 3GPP.......................................................32 1.5.4.1 SIM..............................................................................................33 1.5.4.2 USIM...........................................................................................33 Hnh 2.1 Cu trc n gin ha ca USIM...............................................34 1.5.4.3 ISIM.............................................................................................34 Hnh 3.1 Cu trc ca ng dng ISIM.....................................................35 Chng 2 GIAO THC H TR CHNG THC, CP QUYN, TNH CC TRONG IMS...........................................................................................36 2.1 Chng thc v cp quyn trong IMS.........................................................36 Hnh 1.1 S xc thc v cp quyn trong IMS....................................37 2.2 Giao thc Diameter...................................................................................37 Hnh 1.1 Giao thc Diameter c bn v cc ng dng.............................38
2.2.1 Cu trc bn tin Diameter ..................................................................39 Hnh 1.2 Cu trc bn tin Diameter..........................................................40 2.2.2 Cp gi tr thuc tnh..........................................................................41 Hnh 1.1 Cu trc ca AVP.......................................................................41 2.2.3 a ch AAA v AAAS......................................................................42 2.2.4 Giao thc Diameter c bn.................................................................43 Hnh 1.1 Cc lnh c bn ca Diameter....................................................44 2.2.4.1 Bn tin ASR v ASA...................................................................44 2.2.4.2 Bn tin ACR v ACA..................................................................44 2.2.4.3 Bn tin CER v CEA...................................................................44 2.2.4.4 Bn tin DWR v DWA................................................................45 2.2.4.5 Bn tin DPR v DPA...................................................................45 2.2.4.6 Bn tin RAR v RAA..................................................................45 2.2.4.7 Bn tin STR v STA....................................................................45 2.2.5 Cc AVP trong giao thc Diameter c bn........................................46 Hnh 1.1 Mt s AVP................................................................................47 2.3 Giao din Cx v Dx...................................................................................48 2.3.1 Nhng lnh trong Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx...................49 Hnh 1.1 Cc lnh nh ngha bi Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx. 50 2.3.1.2 Bn tin UAR v UAA..................................................................50 Hnh 2.1 Bn tin UAR/UAA, MAR/MAA, SAR,SAA trong qu trnh ng k 51 2.3.1.3 Bn tin MAR v MAA................................................................51 2.3.1.4 Bn tin SAR v SAA...................................................................52 2.3.1.5 Bn tin LIR v LIA......................................................................52 Hnh 5.1 Bn tin LIR/LIA v bn tin SAR/SAA......................................53 2.3.1.6 Bn tin RTR v RTA...................................................................53 Hnh 6.1 Bn tin RTR/RTA......................................................................54 2.3.1.7 Bn tin PPR v PPA....................................................................54 Hnh 7.1 Bn tin PPR/PPA........................................................................54
2.3.2 Cc AVP trong Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx.......................54 Hnh 1.1 Cc AVP nh ngha bi Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx 56 2.3.2.1 Cch s dng cc AVP c sn.....................................................58 2.4 Thng tin ngi dng................................................................................58 2.4.1 Cu trc tng qut thng tin ngi dng............................................58 Hnh 1.1 Cu trc thng tin ngi dung...................................................59 2.4.2 Nhn dng cng cng.........................................................................60 2.4.3 Cp quyn cho mng li dch v........................................................60 2.4.4 Tiu chun sng lc ban u..............................................................60 Hnh 1.1 Cu trc tiu chun sng lc ban u.........................................61 2.5.4.1 Quyn u tin..............................................................................61 2.4.4.2 Trigger Point................................................................................61 2.4.4.3 Trng thng tin Server ng dng..............................................62 2.5 Giao din Sh..............................................................................................62 2.5.1 D liu ngi dng trn giao din Sh................................................62 2.5.2 Cc lnh nh ngha trn Diameter ng dng cho giao din Sh.........63 Hnh 1.1 Danh sch lnh c nh ngha bi Diameter ng dng cho giao din Sh 64 2.5.2.1 Bn tin UDR v UDA..................................................................64 Hnh 1.2 Bn tin UDR/ UDA....................................................................64 2.5.2.2 Bn tin PUR v PUA...................................................................64 Hnh 2.1 Bn tin PUR/PUA .....................................................................65 2.5.2.3 Bn tin SNR v SNA...................................................................65 Hnh 3.1 Bn tin SNR/SNA v bn tin PNR/PNA....................................65 2.5.2.4 Bn tin PNR v PNA...................................................................65 2.5.3 Cc AVP nh ngha trong Diameter ng dng cho giao din Sh......66 Hnh 1.1 Cc AVP nh ngha bi Diameter ng dng cho giao din Sh.66 2.6 Tnh cc...................................................................................................66 Chng 3 PHN MM OPENIMS...................................................................68 3.1 Gii thiu chung v phn mm OpenIMS ca FOKUS............................68
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Hnh 1.1 Cc thnh phn ca OpenIMS....................................................69 Hnh 1.2 OpenIMS Client khi chy ln u tin.......................................70 3.2 Fokus Home Subcriber Server ( FHoSS ).................................................71 Hnh 1.1 FHoSS trong OpenIMS..............................................................71 Hnh 1.2 Giao din web qun l FHoSS ..................................................72 Hnh 1.3 Trang cu hnh nhn dng ngi dng c nhn.........................73 Hnh 1.4 Trang cu hnh thng tin dch v...............................................73 Hnh 1.5 Cu trc th mc ca FHoSS ....................................................74 Chng 4 CC M PHNG ............................................................................75 4.1 To v ng k ngi dng mi................................................................75 Hnh 1.1 Cu hnh thng s IMSU............................................................75 Hnh 1.2 Cu hnh thng s IMPI.............................................................76 Hnh 1.3 Cu hnh thng s IMPU............................................................77 4.2 C s d liu ngi dng trn mysql........................................................77 Hnh 1.1 C s d liu trong FhoSS.........................................................78 Hnh 1.2 S thc th lin kt rt gn ca c s d liu trong FHoSS. 79 4.3 Cu hnh cc dch v.................................................................................80 Hnh 1.1 Mt s my ch ng dng khi to v chy th...................80 Hnh 1.2 Mt s im kch hot to.....................................................80 Hnh 1.3 Mt s tiu chun lc ban u c to................................81 4.4 Thng k cc bn tin Diameter trong qu trnh ng k...........................81 Hnh 1.1 Mt s bn tin trong qu trnh ng k......................................82
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DANH SCH T VIT TT

3GPP 3rd Generation D n cng tc mng th h th 3 Partnership Project Authentication Authorization Accounting Application Server Authetication Center Atribute Value Pair Call/Session Function Control Chng thc, cp quyn, tnh cc My ch ng dng Trung tm nhn thc Cp gi tr thuc tnh Khi chc nng iu khin phin v cuc gi H thng tn min
AAA AS AuC AVP CSCF DNS FQDN GGSN GPRS HLR HSS IANA IETF IFC IMS IMSI IP IPsec
Domain Name System
Fully Qualified Domain Tn min iu kin Name Getway GPRS Suport Cng h tr nt GPRS Node General Packet Radio Dch v chuyn gi rng khp qua sng v Service tuyn Home Location Register B ng k v tr my ch Home Subcriber Server My ch thu bao Internet Assigned T chc cp pht s hiu internet Numbers Authority Internet Engineering Lc lng qun l k thut Task Force Initial Filter Criteria Tiu chun sng lc ban u IP Multimedia Phn h IP a phng tin Subsystem International Mobile Nhn dng thu bao di ng quc t Subscriber Identity Internet Protocol Internet Giao thc mng Protocol Giao thc bo mt mng
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS security ITU MRF MSC PDF RADIUS RTP SDP SGSN SIP SLF SP TP UMTS International Telecommunication Union Mobile Center Policy Function Switching Decision Hip hi vin thng quc t
Media Resource Funtion Chc nng ti nguyn media Trung tm chuyn mch di ng Khi chc nng gii quyt chnh sch
Remote Authentication Dch v chng thc cuc gi ngi dng t xa Dial In User Service Real-Time Protocol Session Protocol Transport Description Giao thc vn chuyn thi gian thc Giao thc m t phin
Serving GPRS Support Nt h tr phc v GPRS Node Session Protocol Subcriber Function Service Point Triger Point Initiation Location Giao thc khi to phin Khi chc nng v tr thu bao im dch v im kch hot dch v
Universal Mobile Telecommunication H thng vin thng di ng quc t System
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Chng 0
GII THIU TI
0.1 Tm quan trng ca ti

Ngy nay, vi s pht trin khng ngng ca khoa hc k thut c bit l trong lnh vc vin thng, cc dch v c pht trin ngy cng tr nn phong ph, a dng. S ra i v pht trin nhanh chng ca Internet cng to ra nn tng cho vic pht trin cho rt nhiu dch v. Vi mong mun kt hp cc dch v Internet v cc dch v di ng truyn thng, cc nh pht trin khng ngng ngh trong vic sng to ra cc kin trc mng mi, cc cng ngh mi nhm thc hin mc ch ny. S ra i ca phn h IMS trong kin trc mng 3G chnh l bc pht trin quan trng trong qu trnh hp nht cc dch v . Vic qun l cc dch v, a dch v n vi ngi dng, qun l thng tin ngi dng, tnh cc c vai tr quan trng trong qu trnh trin khai IMS. Thng tin ngi dng phi c xy dng sao cho c th d dng xc lp v thay i cc gi dch v khc nhau cho tng ngi dng ty theo nhu cu. Cu trc thng tin ngi dng phi ng nht cho nhiu loi thit b u cui khc nhau. Vn an ninh, bo mt, chng thc, cp quyn, tnh cc cng cn c quan tm mt cch k lng. Bi l trong hon cnh hin nay khi cng ngh thng tin pht trin nh v bo th i km vi n cng tim n rt nhiu nguy c nh virus, hacker, trm cp ti khon, trm cc
0.2 Ni dung nghin cu ca ti

Vi mc ch nghin cu pht trin khi HSS v IFC cho kin trc IMS, ti ca ti bao gm cc ni dung chnh sau:
Chng 1 Tng quan kin trc IMS: Tm hiu v kin trc IMS, cc thnh phn, chc nng ca tng thnh phn v kin trc trin khai
Chng 2 Giao thc h tr chng thc, cp quyn, tnh cc trong IMS: Trnh by v giao thc Diameter v cu trc c s d liu ngi dng.
Chng 3 Phn mm OpenIMS: Gii thiu v m ngun m OpenIMS ca vin FOKUS, trong tp trung vo modul FHoSS qun l c s d liu ngi dng
Chng 4 Cc m phng: Trnh by cc cng vic lm c trong vic m phng, chy th phn mm OPENIMS Chng 5 Kt lun: Cc kt lun v hng pht trin ca ti.
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Chng 1
TNG QUAN KIN TRC IMS
Trong chng ny ta s tm hiu v v tr v vai tr ca phn h IMS trong kin trc mng di ng 3G, nhng yu cu khi xy dng phn h IMS v tng quan v cc giao thc, cc thnh phn chc nng v cc cch nhn dng ngi dng trong kin trc IMS.
1.1 V tr v vai tr ca phn h IMS trong kin trc mng di ng 3G

Mng di ng 3G c phn chia logic thnh mng truy nhp (Access Network) v mng li (Core Network). Pha trn c s h tng mng l nn tng dch v c s dng to ra cc dch v khc nhau. Hnh 1.1 ch ra kin trc mng 3G UMTS.
Applications & Service
A lication pp
& S rve e rs
Core Network
C S D ain om
IM S
P S D ain om
Access Network
BSS & R S N
Hnh 1.1
Kin trc ca mng UMTS
Mng h tr hai kiu mng truy nhp khc nhau: - Base-station System (BSS) l mng truy cp GSM o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS - Radio Network Subsystem (RNS) l mng truy cp UMTS. Mng li bao gm min chuyn mch knh (CS) v min chuyn mch gi (PS). Hai min ny khc nhau trong cch chng x l d liu. Min chuyn mch knh dnh sn cc knh cho lu lng ca ngi dng. Do c s dng cho cc dch v thi gian thc v dch v hi m nh dch v thoi v dch v hi ngh video. Min chuyn mch gi c s dng cho cc ng dng d liu gi t u cui n u cui nh truyn file, truy cp web v e-mail. Phn h IMS nh trong hnh v l mt phn trong min chuyn mch gi. Chc nng ca IMS l cung cp cc dch a phng tin trn nn IP, bao gm cc dch v thi gian thc nh trong min chuyn mch knh. Do IMS s lm cho min chuyn mch knh dn dn c thay th trong tng lai.
1.2 Cc yu cu ca IMS
IMS c xy dng v pht trin vi mc ch phi kt hp c nhng xu hng cng ngh mi nht, lm cho m hnh Internet - Mobile tr thnh hin thc, to ra mt nn tng chung pht trin cc dch v multimedia a dng v to ra nhiu li nhun hn trong vic thc y khch hng s dng min chuyn mch gi trong 3G. t c nhng mc ch th IMS c nh ngha nh l mt nn tng kin trc truyn ti cc dch v multimedia IP ti ngi dng cui. Nn tng phi thc hin c nhng yu cu sau: 1.2.1 H tr vic thit lp cc phin Multimedia IP IMS c th truyn ti cc dch v a dng.Yu cu ny nhn mnh s cn thit cung cp cc dch v chnh c truyn ti bi IMS l cc phin multimedia qua mng chuyn mch gi. Kiu media trong trng hp ny c th l audio hoc video. Truyn thng multimedia c chun ha trong cc chun ha trc y ca 3GPP nhng nhng kiu truyn thng multimedia ny c thc hin qua mng chuyn mch knh ch khng phi qua mng chuyn mch gi. 1.2.2 H tr c ch tha thun QoS QoS l mt trong cc vn quan trng nht ca IMS. QoS cho mt phin multimedia c th c quyt nh bi nhiu nhn t nh bng thng ln nht. Bng thng ln nht c th c cp pht cho ngi dng da trn ng k ca ngi dng hoc da trn tnh trng hin ti ca mng. 1.2.3 H tr lm vic lin kt vi mng Internet v mng chuyn mch knh (PSTN) H tr lm vic lin kt vi Internet l mt yu cu r rng. Mng Internet s l ch n ca hng triu phin multimedia c bt u trong IMS. Khi yu cu ny t c th s lng cc phin multimeda s c tng ln ng k. IMS ng thi cng h tr lm vic lin kt vi mng PSTN. Nhng thit b u cui IMS u tin s c kh nng kt ni ng thi vi mng chuyn mch knh v mng chuyn mch gi. V th khi mt ngi dng mun gi cho mt ngi dng khc
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS trong PSTN hay trong mng di ng th thit b u cui IMS chn min chuyn mch knh s dng. Mc d yu cu lm vic lin kt vi mng chuyn mch knh l mt yu cu khng bt buc nhng hu ht cc thit b u cui IMS s h tr min chuyn mch knh. V th yu cu ny c th c xem nh yu cu di hn. 1.2.4 H tr chuyn vng H tr chuyn vng l mt yu cu c bn k t mng di ng th h th hai. Chuyn vng gip ngi dng c th lin lc khi sang mt mang khch. IMS tha k yu cu ny gip ngi dng duy tr kt ni khi di chuyn sang t nc khc. 1.2.5 H tr iu khin dch v IMS gip nh cung cp dch v c th a ra nhng chnh sch vi nhng dch v m h cung cp cho ngi dng. C th chia nhng dch v ny thnh 2 loi: + Nhng chnh sch p dng chung i vi tt c ngi s dng trong mng. + Nhng chnh sch p dng ring l i vi nhng ngi dng c th. Nhng chnh sch chung bao gm mt s cc gii hn do cc nh cung cp dch v a ra nh gii hn s dng cc b codec dung lng ln nh G711 trong mng ca h Thay vo h c th p dng nhng b codec dung lng nh nh AMR. Nhng chnh sch ring l ngc li c gn vi mi mt ngi dng c th. V d khi mt ngi dng c th c mt vi ng k s dng cc dch v IMS m khng bao gm video. Thit b u cui IMS c th h tr video nhng trong trng hp ngi dng c gng bt u mt phin multimedia m bao gm video th nh cung cp s chn phin ny. 1.2.6 H tr pht trin cc dch v Yu cu ny nh hng mnh m n thit k kin trc IMS.Yu cu ny khng nh rng cc dch v IMS khng cn phi tiu chun ha. N nh du mt ct mc quan trng trong thit k mng di ng, bi v trc y, tt c cc dch v ring l hoc l phi chun ha hoc l c thc hin c quyn. Thm ch khi mt dch v c chun ha, cng khng c mt m bo chc chn dch v s lm vic khi chuyn vng sang mt mng khc. IMS gip cho trin khai cc dch v mi n ngi dng nhanh hn. Trc y, s chun ha cc dch v v cng vic kim tra gy ra s chm ch ng k trong vic trin khai dch v. IMS lm gim ng k s chm tr ny bng cch tiu chun ha kh nng dch v thay v chun ha dch v ring l. 1.2.7 H tr a truy nhp Yu cu ny gii thiu cc phng thc truy nhp khc ngoi GPRS.IMS ch l mt mng IP v do bt c mt mng truy nhp no cng c th cung cp s truy nhp ti n. IMS c th c truy nhp t mng WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network), t mt ADSL
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1.3 Tng quan v cc giao thc s dng trong IMS

Kin trc IMS do 3GPP pht trin da trn cc giao thc IP c chun ha bi IETF. Giao thc IP bao gm cc giao thc v iu khin phin, cc giao thc v chng thc, cp quyn v tnh ton (AAA) v mt s cc giao thc khc. 1.3.1 Giao thc iu khin phin Cc giao thc iu khin cuc ng vai tr cha kha trong bt k mt h thng in thoi no. Trong mng chuyn mch knh, cc giao thc iu khin cuc gi quan trng nht l TUP (Telephony User Part, ITU-T khuyn ngh Q.721), ISUP ( ISDN User Part, ITU-T, khuyn ngh Q.761) v BICC (Bearer Independent Call Control, ITU-T khuyn ngh Q.1901). SIP c chn l giao thc iu khin phin cho IMS trong nhiu giao thc iu khin phin phin da trn IP khc nh BICC v H323. SIP c IETF chun ha trong RFC 3261 (Request for Command). SIP tun theo m hnh khch - ch (client-server). SIP c thit k da trn cc nguyn l c bn t hai giao thc HTTP, SMTP. Nn SIP tha k hu ht cc c tnh quan trng ca hai giao thc ny. iu ny to ra sc mnh cho n bi HTTP v SMTP l cc giao thc rt thnh cng trong mng Internet. Khng ging nh H323 v BICC, SIP khng phn bit giao din ngi dng ti mng (User-to-Network) vi giao din mng vi mng (Network-to-Network). Trong m hnh SIP ch c mt giao thc duy nht hot ng thng sut. Ngoi ra SIP l mt giao thc di dng vn bn do n d dng m rng, g ri v pht trin cc dch v. 1.3.2 Giao thc h tr chng thc, cp quyn, tnh cc Diameter da trn RFC 3588 c chn l giao thc AAA trong mng IMS. Diameter c pht trin t giao thc RADIUS (RFC 2865) l mt giao thc c s dng ph bin trong Internet thc hin chng thc, cp quyn v tnh cc. V d khi mt ngi dng quay s n mt nh cung cp dch v Internet, my ch truy nhp mng s dng RADIUS chng thc cp quyn cho user. Diameter bao gm mt giao thc c bn v giao thc ny c b sung bi cc Diameter ng dng. Cc Diameter ng dng l cc ty bin hoc l cc m rng Diameter ph hp vi cc mi trng c th. IMS s dng Diameter trong nhiu giao din, mc d vy cc giao din ny c th s dng cc ng dng Diameter khc nhau. V d IMS s dng mt Diameter ng dng trong qu trnh thit lp cuc gi nhng li s dng mt Diameter ng dng khc trong tnh cc. 1.3.3 Cc giao thc khc Bn cnh SIP v Diameter, IMS cn s dng nhiu giao thc khc. Giao thc dch v chnh sch m thng thng COPS (Common Open Policy Service) c dng truyn ti chnh sch gia cc im quyt nh dch v PDPs (Policy Decision Points) v cc im thc hin chnh sch ( Policy Enforcement Points). H.248 (ITU-T khuyn ngh H.248) c s dng bi cc nt bo hiu iu khin cc nt trong mt phng media. o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS RTP (Real-Time Transport Protocol, RFC 3550) v RCTP (RTP Control Protocol, RFC 3550) dng truyn ti media nh video v audio.
1.4 Tng quan kin trc IMS

IMS khng c chun ho theo cc nt m da trn chc nng. iu ny c ngha l kin trc IMS l mt tp hp cc chc nng c lin kt vi nhau bi cc giao din. Cc chc nng c th c kt hp li trong mt nt hoc mt chc nng th c tch ra thc hin trong 2 nt hoc nhiu hn. Thng thng cc nh cung cp thng thc hin mt chc nng trong mi nt ring l.
MR FC SIP-A S O SA-SC S IM-SSF
A ccess N etw o rk
ISC ISC ISC Cx
M R FP H SS
P-C SC F S-C SC F
Cx
Dx
SLF
Dx
S GW
A cess N etw o rk P-C SC F
I-C SC F
BG CF
MGC F
MGW
Hnh 1.1
Tng quan kin trc IMS
Hnh v 1.2 th hin tng quan kin trc IMS. Trong hnh v ny cc giao din bo hiu trong IMS c th hin bng hai hoc ba ch ci. Bn phi ca hnh v l cc thit b IMS. Pha di l thit b di ng IMS thng c gi l thit b ngi dng UE. Thit b u cui IMS kt ni ti mng chuyn mch gi thng qua lin kt v tuyn. IMS ng thi cng h tr cc kiu truy nhp v cc thit b khc nh PDA (Personal Digital Assistant) v my tnh. Cc thit b ny c th truy nhp qua ADSL hoc WLAN. Phn cn li ca hnh v ch ra cc nt chc nng khc trong kin trc li ca IMS bao gm: + C s d liu ngi dng: HSS (Home Subcriber Servers) v SLF (Subcriber Location Function). + Chc nng iu khin phin, cuc gi: CSCF (Call /Sesion Control Function)
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS + Chc nng lin quan n ngun media: MRF (Media Resource Fuction) bao gm b iu khin chc nng ngun media MRFC (Media Resource Function Controller) v b x l chc nng ngun media MRFP (Media Resource Function Processor). + BGCF (Breakout Gateway Control Function). + PSTN gateway bao gm SGW (Signalling Gateway), MGCF (Media Gateway Controller Function) v MGW (Media Gateway). 1.4.2 CSCF - Call/Session Control Function. CSCF l mt SIP server. N l thnh phn c bn nht trong kin trc IMS. CSCF x l bo hiu SIP. C ba kiu khc nhau ca CSCF: + Proxy CSCF (P-CSCF) + Serving CSCF (S-CSCF) + Interrogating CSCF I-CSCF) Mi CSCF c nhng chc nng c bit ca chng. Tt c gp phn to thnh b my nh tuyn bn tin SIP. Ngoi ra chng c th gi cc thng tin tnh cc ti chc nng tnh cc ngoi tuyn. 1.4.2.1 P-CSCF P-CSCF l im lin lc u tin gia thit b u cui v mng IMS. Trong m hnh ca SIP th P-CSCF ang lm vic nh mt oubound/inbound SIP proxy server. Tt c cc bn tin SIP c khi to bi mt thit b u cui IMS hoc gi n thit b u cui IMS u phi i qua P-CSCF. P-CSCF chuyn tip cc bn tin SIP: yu cu v hi p theo cc hng ph hp hoc l i ti thit b IMS hoc l ti mng IMS. P-CSCF c ch nh cho cc thit b u cui IMS trong qu trnh ng k v khng thay i trong qu trnh ny. P-CSCF bao gm nhiu chc nng khc nhau v mt trong s chng lin quan ti bo mt. N thit lp mt s lin kt m bo IPsec vi cc thit b u cui IMS. Nhng lin kt bo mt Ipsec ny m bo s ton vn thc th, v d nh kh nng d tm ni dung ca bn tin c b thay i t khi n c to ra hay khng. Mt khi P-CSCF chng thc ngi dng (nh l mt phn ca s thit lp lin kt bo mt) th cc nt khc trong mng khng cn phi thc hin cc chng thc ngi dng khc na v chng tin tng vo P-CSCF. S xc nhn ca P-CSCF cn c cc chc nng khc nh cung cp cc dch v cho cc c nhn v cc bn ghi tnh cc. Mt chc nng khc na ca P-CSCF l chng kim tra s chnh xc ca bn tin SIP yu cu c gi bi thit b u cui IMS. Chc nng ny gip ngn chn cc thit b u cui gi cc bn tin SIP khng chnh xc. P-CSCF bao gm mt b phn nn v gii nn cc bn tin SIP (thit b u cui IMS cng bao gm chc nng ny). Bn tin SIP i khi c th rt ln. Trong khi gi mt bn tin qua mt kt ni bng thng rng ch mt mt thi gian ngn th vic gi mt bn tin SIP qua mt knh bng thng hp, nh mt kt ni v tuyn chng hn, s mt
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS mt vi giy. C ch dng rt ngn thi gian truyn mt bn tin l nn bn tin li, truyn qua lin kt v tuyn v gii nn bn pha nhn. P-CSCF c th bao gm mt PDF. PDF cp quyn s dng media v qun l QoS trn mt phng media. P-CSCF ng thi to ra cc thng tin tnh cc ti cc nt thu thp thng tin tnh cc. Vi mc ch m rng v to ra d tha d phng thng thng trong mt mng IMS c nhiu P-CSCF. Mi mt P-CSCF phc v mt s thit b u cui IMS ph thuc vo dung lng ca n. P-CSCF c th c t ti mng khch hoc mng ch. Trong trng hp mng chuyn mch gi da trn GPRS th P-CSCF lun t trong cng mt mng vi GGSN. V vy GGSN v P-CSCF c th cng t ti mng khch hoc ti mng ch. 1.4.2.2 I-CSCF I-CSCF l SIP proxy c t ti bin ca min qun tr. a ch ca I-CSCF lun c lit k trong cc bn ghi DNS ca min. Khi mt SIP server tun theo cc th tc SIP tm chng SIP tip theo cho mt bn tin SIP s nhn c a ch ca I-CSCF trong min ch. Ngoi chc nng l mt SIP server, I-CSCF cn c mt giao din ti SLF v HSS. Giao din ny da trn giao thc Diameter. Qua giao din ny I-CSCF truy vn cc thng tin v v tr ca ngi dng v nh tuyn cc bn tin SIP ti a ch ph hp. I-CSCF cn c chc nng m ha mt phn bn tin SIP ang cha ng nhng thng tin nhy cm v min, nh s lng cc server trong min, tn DNS v dung lng ca chng. Mt mng IMS thng bao gm nhiu I-CSCF cho mc ch m rng v to d tha. I-CSCF thng nm ti mng ch, mc d trong mt s trng hp c bit n c th c t ti mng khch. 1.4.2.3 S-CSCF S-CSCF l nt trung tm trong mt phng bo hiu. Ngoi chc nng l mt SIP server, S-CSCF cn ng vai tr l mt SIP registrar. N duy tr mt gn kt gia v tr ca ngi dng (nh a ch IP ca thit b u cui m ngi dng ng nhp) v a ch SIP ca ngi dng trong bn ghi. Ging nh I-CSCF, S-CSCF cng ng thi thc hin giao din ti HSS thc hin cc mc ch sau: + Ti v cc vector chng thc ca ngi dng ang truy nhp vo mng. SCSCF s dng cc vector ny chng thc ngi dng. + Ti v h s ngi dng t HSS. H s ngi dng bao gm h s dch v . + Thng bo cho HSS rng S-CSCF ny s phc v ngi dng trong khong thi gian ng k. o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Tt c bo hiu SIP m thit b u cui IMS gi v nhn u i qua S-CSCF . S-CSCF gim st tng bn tin SIP v quyt nh xem bo hiu SIP s i qua mt hay nhiu server ng dng hoc nh tuyn ti ch cui cng. Mt trong nhng chc nng chnh ca S-CSCF l cung cp chc nng nh tuyn bn tin SIP. Nu mt ngi dng quay mt s in thoi thay v mt SIP URI th SCSCF cung cp dch v chuyn i a ch, thng da trn DNS E.164 Number Translation (IETF). S-CSCF ng thi thi hnh cc chnh sch ca nh iu hnh mng. V d mt ngi dng khng c quyn thit lp mt loi phin c th nh phin video chng hn. Ni cch khc, S-CSCF ngn chn ngi dng thc hin nhng dch v khng c cho php. S-CSCF lun lun nm ti mng ch. 1.4.3 C s d liu : HSS v SLF HSS v SLF l hai c s d liu chnh trong kin trc IMS. HSS lu tr d liu cho tt c cc thu bao v tt c d liu lin quan n dch v ca IMS. D liu c lu tr trong HSS bao gm nhn dng, thng tin ng k thu bao, tham s truy nhp v thng tin kch hot dch v. Thng tin nhn dng gm c hai loi: Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng v nhn dng ngi dng c nhn. Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn c s dng cho mc ch ng k v cp quyn, trong khi nhn dng ngi dng cng cng c ngi dng s dng lin lc vi nhng ngi dng khc. Cc tham s truy nhp IMS c khi to tht lp mt phin v bao gm cc thng s ging nh chng thc ngi dng, cp quyn chuyn vng v tn ca SCSCF ph trch ngi dng. Thng tin kch hat dch v cho php thc hin cc dch v SIP. HSS cng bao gm mt s cc chc nng ca b ng k v tr ch (HLR) v trung tm nhn thc (AuC).
Chc nng HLR/AuC cho min chuyn mch knh
Chc nng IP multimedia
Chc nng HLR/AuC cho min chuyn mch gi
HSS
Hnh 1.1
Cu trc ca HSS
Chc nng HLR h tr cc thc th trong min chuyn mch gi nh SGSN v GGSN. iu ny cho php cc thu bao truy nhp ti cc dch v trong min chuyn mch gi. HLR ng thi cng h tr cc thc th trong min chuyn mch knh nh o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS MSC/MSC servers. iu ny cng cho php cc thu bao c th truy nhp cc dch v trong min chuyn mch knh v h tr chuyn vng ti nhng mng c min chuyn mch knh. AuC lu tr cha kha b mt cho mi mt thu bao di ng. Cha kha ny c s dng to ra d liu bo mt linh ng cho mi mt thu bao. D liu c s dng cho s nhn thc ln nhau gia mng v IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity). D liu bo mt cung cp s ton vn thc th v m ha thng tin lin lc qua ng v tuyn gia thit b u cui v mng. Mt mng c th c nhiu hn mt HSS, ph thuc vo s lng thu bao v kh nng ca cc thit b v t chc ca mng. Nu mng c mt HSS khng cn phi c SLF (Subscription Location function). Ngc li nu mng c nhiu hn mt HSS nht thit phi c SLF. SLF l mt c s d liu n gin dng nh x a ch thu bao vi HSS tng ng qun l thu bao . Khi mt nt khc truy vn SLF vi u vo l mt a ch thu bao th s nhn c a ch ca HSS tng ng cha cc thng tin lin quan n thu bao nh l u ra. HSS v SLF thc hin giao thc Diameter vi cc ng dng Diameter xc nh cho IMS. 1.4.4 AS (Application server) AS l cc thc th SIP m nhn v thc hin cc dch v. Ph thuc vo dch v thc t m AS c th hot ng cc ch SIP proxy, SIP UA hoc SIP B2BUA. AS giao tip vi S-CSCF bng SIP
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Hnh 1.1
Application Server
AS gm ba loi:
SIP AS: y l cc AS c s thc hin cc dch v multimedia da trn SIP. Cc

dch v IMS mi s c pht trin trong SIP AS.
OSA-SCS (Open Service Access-Service Capability Server): y l AS cung cp

giao din ti cc ng dng nn tng OSA. N tha k tt c cc kh nng ca dch v m, c bit kh nng truy nhp mt cch bo mt vo cc mng bn ngoi. Nt ny mt mt ng vai tr l AS v mt khc l mt giao din gia OSA AS v giao din lp trnh ng dng OSA.
IM-SSF ( IP Multimedia Service Switching Function): AS ny cho php ti s dng

dch v CAMEL (Customized Application for Mobible Network Enhanced Logic) c pht trin cho GSM. IM-SSF cho php mt gsmSCF (GSM Service Control Function) iu khin mt phin IMS. Mt mt ng vai tr l mt AS v mt kia ng vai tr l chuyn mch dch v giao tip vi gsmSCF da trn giao thc CAP (CAMEL Application Part). AS c th c t ti mng ch hoc ti mng ca mt nh cung cp th ba. Trong trng hp AS c t ngoi mng ch th n khng giao tip vi HSS.
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS 1.4.5 MRF MRF (Media Resource Funtion) cung cp ngun media trong mng ch. MRF cung cp kh nng play thng bo, trn cc lung media vi nhau, chuyn i gia cc loi m khc nhau, thu thp thng k v lm cc cng vic phn tch media khc. MRF c chia thnh MRFC v MRFP. MRFC (Media Resource Funtion Control) ng vai tr nh mt SIP User Agent v c mt giao din ti S-CSCF. MRFC iu khin ngun ti nguyn trong MRFP (Media Resource Funtion Processor) thng qua giao din H.248. MRFP thc hin tt c chc nng lin quan n media nh play v trn media. MRF lun lun t ti mng ch. 1.4.6 BGCF BGCF (Breakout Getway Control Function) l mt thnh phn SIP server c bn bao gm chc nng nh tuyn da trn s in thoi. BGCF ch c s dng trong nhng phin m bt u t mt thit b u cui IMS ti mt ngi dng trong mng chuyn mch knh nh PSTN hoc l PLMN. Hai chc nng chnh ca BCCF: + La chn mng thch hp trong trng hp lm vic vi min chuyn mch knh. + La chn PSTN/CS gateway ph hp 1.4.7 IMS-ALG v TrGW IMS h tr c IPv4 v IPv6. mt s im trong phin multimedia IP vic lm vic cho gia hai phin bn c th xy ra. trnh cho cc thit b u cui khng phi h tr cc chc nng c th lm vic lin kt, IMS b sung thm hai thc th mi l: IMS Application Layer Gateway (IMS-ALG) v Transition Gateway (TrGW). IMSALG x l cc vn v bo hiu (SIP, SDP ), cn TrGW x l lu lng media (RTP, RCTP).
I-C F SC
`
S-C F SC IM -A S LG
IM S
M dng ng phin bn IP khc
T W rG
Hnh 1.1
IMS-ALG v TrGW
Hnh 1.5 th hin mi quan h gia IMS-ALG v TrGW. IMS-ALG thc hin chc nng nh mt SIP B2BUA bng cch duy tr hai chng bo hiu c lp. Mt chng hng ti bn trong mng IMS v chng cn li hng vo mng khc. Mi chng ny o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS s dng cc phin bn IP khc nhau. Thm vo , IMS-ALG ghi li SDP bng cch thay i cc a ch IP v cc port number to ra bi cc thit b u cui vi mt hoc nhiu a ch IP v port number phn b cho TrGW. iu ny cho php lu lng media c nh tuyn ti TrGW. IMS-ALG giao tip vi I-CSCF vi cc lung lu lng ti v vi S-CSCF cho cc lung lu lng i thng qua giao din Mx. TrGW l mt NAT-PT/NAPT-PT (Network Address Port Translator-Protocol Translator). TrGW c cu hnh vi mt tp hp cc a ch IP, c phn b t ng cho mt phin cho. TrGW thc hin s chuyn i media gia IPv4 v IPv6. 1.4.8 PSTN/CS gateway PSTN gateway cung cp giao din hng ti mng chuyn mch knh, cho php cc thit b u cui IMS gi v nhn cc cuc gi t PSTN v ti PSTN.
Hnh 1.1
PSTN/CS Getway giao tip vi mt mng CS
PSTN gateway cung cp giao din hng ti mng chuyn mch knh, cho php cc thit b u cui IMS gi v nhn cc cuc gi t PSTN v ti PSTN. PSTN gateway c phn chia thnh nhng thnh phn chc nng sau: + SGW (signalling gateway): Signalling gateway giao tip vi mt phng bo hiu ca mng chuyn mch knh. SGW thc hin s chuyn i giao thc mc thp. SGW thay th cc giao thc bc thp MTP (ITU-T khuyn ngh Q.701) bng SCTP/IP (Stream Control Transmission Protocol, RFC 2960). V vy, SGW chuyn i ISUP (ITU-T khuyn ngh Q.761) hoc BICC (Bearer-Independent Call Control) trn nn
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS MTP (Message Transfer Part) thnh ISUP (ISDN User Part) hoc BICC trn nn SCTP/IP (Stream Control Tranmission Protocol/Internet Protocol). + MGCF (Media GateWay Control Function): MGCF l nt trung tm ca PSTN/CS gateway. N thc hin chuyn i giao thc v nh x SIP (giao thc iu khin cuc gi trong IMS) thnh ISUP/IP hoc BICC/IP. Ngoi ra, MGCF cn iu khin ngun ti nguyn trong MGW (Media GateWay). Giao thc c s dng gia MGCF v MGW l H.248. + MGW: (Media Gateway) giao tip vi mt phng media ca PSTN. Mt mt MGW c kh nng gi v nhn mdeia IMS trn nn RTP (Real-time Transport Protocol). Mt khc MGW s dng mt hoc nhiu khe thi gian PCM kt ni ti mng chuyn mch knh. Thm vo , MGW thc hin vic chuyn i m khi m thit b u cui IMS khng h tr cc codec c s dng bi mng chuyn mch knh. Mt tnh hung ph bin thng xy ra l thit b u cui IMS s dng m AMR (Adaptive Multi-Rate) trong khi thit b u cui PSTN s dng m G.711. 1.4.9 Mng ch v mng khch IMS mn mt vi khi nim ca GSM v GPRS nh mng ch v mng khch. Khi chng ta s dng in thoi di ng trong khu vc ta c tr l ta ang s dng h tng do cc nh iu hnh mng cung cp. C s h tng ny hnh thnh mng ch. Mt khc, khi chng ta chuyn vng ra ngoi khu vc che ph ca mng ch, chng ta s dng c s h tng c cung cp bi mt nh iu hnh khc. H tng ny c gi l mng khch. s dng c mng khch th cc nh iu hnh mng khch v mng ch phi c mt tha thun vi nhau. Cc tha thun ny c th l gi cc cuc gi, cht lng dch v hoc l phng thc qui i bng tnh cc. Hu ht cc nt t ti mng ch nhng c nhng nt c th t ti mng khch hoc mng ch. l nt P-CSCF. Kin trc IMS cho php hai cu hnh khc nhau cho PCSCF, ty thuc vo v tr ca P-CSCF mng khch hay mng ch. Thm na khi mng truy nhp kt ni IP l mng GPRS th vi tr ca P-CSCF ph thuc v tr ca GGSN. Trong tnh hung chuyn vng, GPRS cho php v tr ca GGSN hoc trong mng khch hoc trong mng ch (Bnh thng SGSN lun mng khch). Trong IMS c GGSN v P-CSCF phi nm trong cng mt mng. iu ny cho php P-CSCF iu khin GGSN qua giao din Go. Khi c P-CSCF v GGSN nm trong cng mt mng th giao din Go lun lun l giao din hot ng bn trong v lm cho s hot ca n n gin hn. Hnh 1.7 ch ra cu hnh trong P-CSCF nm trong mng khch. Cu hnh ny l giai on tip theo ca IMS bi v n yu cu IMS phi thc hin t mng khch.
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P-CSCF
Go
AS
`
I-CSCF HSS
SGSN
GPRS
GGSN
S-CSCF
Mang Khach
Mang Chu
Hnh 1.1
P-CSCF t ti mng khch
Khng th mong i vic tt c cc mng trn th gii u trin khai IMS cng mt lc. Do cng khng th mong ch tt c cc mng thnh phn s cp nht cc GGSN theo cng mt chun ti cng mt thi im v cng bt u cung cp dch v IMS. V vy chng ta ch c th mong i sm c s trin khai IMS m P-CSCF trong mng ch nh hnh 1.8. Hnh 1.8 ch ra mt cu hnh hin ti khi c P-CSCF v GGSN nm trong cng mng ch. Cu hnh ny khng yu cu s h tr IMS t mng khch. Mng khch khng cn phi c GGSN tun theo tiu chun 3GPP release 5. Mng khc ch cn cung cp lin lc v tuyn v SGSN. V vy, cu hnh ny c thc hin t nhng ngy u ca IMS.
P-CSCF
Go
AS
`
HSS I-CSCF S-CSCF
SGSN
GPRS
GGSN
Mng Khch
Mng Ch
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Hnh 1.2 P-CSCF t ti mng ch
Tuy nhin cu hnh ny c nhng bt li so vi cu hnh trn bi v lu lng media phi i qua mng ch ri mi c nh tuyn n mng khch. iu ny gy ra tr ln.
1.5 Nhn dng ngi dng trong IMS

Bt c mt mng no u phi c kh nng nhn dng ngi dng mt cch duy nht. y l mt thuc tnh cho php mt my in thoi c th rung chung khi chng ta quay mt chui s trong mng PSTN. Trong mng PSTN, thu bao c nhn ra bi mt s in thoi. S in thoi c gn cho mt thu bao bao gm cc phn: phn cc b, m vng v m quc t. Ph thuc vo ch gi n l ni ht, trong quc gia hay i quc t m s in thai c th ngn hoc di. Thm vo khi mt dch v mi c cung cp thng c nhng s c bit nhn dng dch v nh 113 chng hn. IMS cng cung cp c ch nhn dng dch v.
Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng

Trong IMS c mt cch tin nh nhn dng ngi dng. Mt thu bao IMS c phn b mt hay nhiu nhn dng ngi dng cng cng. Nh iu hnh ch chu trch nhim phn phi nhn dng ngi dng cng cng ti mi thu bao IMS. Mt nhn dng ngi dng cng cng c th l SIP URI hoc mt TEL URI. Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng c s dng lm nhng thng tin lin lc trn tm card giao dch . Trong IMS, nhn dng ngi dng cng cng c s dng nh tuyn bo hiu SIP. Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng tng ng vi s MSISDN ( Mobile Subcriber ISDN Number) trong GSM. Khi nhn dng ngi dng cng cng cha mt SIP URI, n thng c dng : sip:first.last@operator.com, mc d cc nh iu hnh IMS c th thay i cu trc ny v a ch theo cch ca h. Thm vo , n c th bao gm mt s in thoi trong mt SIP URI s dng nh dng nh sau:
SIP :+1-212-555-0293@operator.com ; user=phone

nh dng ny l cn thit bi v SIP yu cu rng URI trong khi ng k phi l mt SIP URI. V vy n khng c kh nng ng k mt TEL URI trong SIP, mc d n c kh nng ng k mt SIP URI m cha mt s in thoi. TEL URI l mt dng khc ca nhn dng ngi dng cng cng. y l mt TEL URI th hin mt s in thoi quc t: tel:+1-212-555-0293 TEL URI cn thit c th gi t mt thit b u cui IMS ti mt in thoi trong PSTN, bi v s in thoi PSTN c th hin bi nhng ch s. Mt khc, TEL
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS URI cng cn thit nu mt thu bao PSTN mun thc hin mt cuc gi ti mt ngi dng trong IMS, bi v ngi dng PSTN ch c th bm nhng ch s. Mi ngi dng s c phn b t nht mt SIP URI v mt TEL URI. L do phn b nhiu nhn dng cng cng l mt ngi dng c th c nhiu nhm lin lc nh gia nh, bn b, ng nghipC th mi nhm ngi s bit c cc nhn dng cng cng khc nhau ca ngi dng . iu ny thun tin cho vic kch hot nhng dch v lin quan. Trong IMS mt bn tin ng k SIP c th ng k nhiu nhn dng ngi dng cng cng tit kim thi gian ng k v bng thng. 1.5.1 Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn Mi thu bao IMS c gn cho mt nhn dng ngi dng c nhn. Khng ging nhn dng ngi dng cng cng, nhn dng ngi dng c nhn khng c dng SIP URIs hay TEL URIs, m c dng NAI (Network Access Identifier,RFC 2486). nh dng ca NAI l username@operator.com Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn khng nh tuyn bn tin SIP m dnh ring cho mc ch nhn thc v nhn dng ng k thu bao. Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn thc hin chc nng ging nh IMSI (International Mobile Subcriber Identifier) trong GSM Ngi dng khng cn phi bit nhn dng ngi dng c nhn, bi v n c lu tr trong mt th thng minh, ging nh IMSI c lu trong SIM . 1.5.2 Mi lin h gia nhn dng ngi dng c nhn v nhn dng ngi dng cng cng. Nh iu hnh phn b mt hoc nhiu nhn dng ngi dng cng cng v mt nhn dng ngi dng c nhn cho mi ngi dng. Trong trng hp ca GSM/UMTS th thng minh lu tr nhn dng ngi dng c nhn v t nht mt nhn dng ngi dng cng cng. HSS lu tr ng thi nhn dng ngi dng cng cng v nhn dng ngi dng c nhn. Mi quan h gia mt thu bao IMS, mt nhn dng ngi dng cng cng v mt nhn dng ngi dng c nhn c ch ra trn hnh 1.9. Mt thu bao IMS c cung cp ch duy nht mt nhn dng ngi dng c nhn v nhiu nhn dng ngi dng cng cng. 3GPP release 6 m rng mi quan h gia nhn dng ngi dng c nhn v nhn dng ngi dng cng cng nh c ch ra trong hnh 1.10. Mt thu bao IMS khng ch c phn b mt m nhiu nhn dng ngi dng c nhn. Trong trng hp ca UMTS, ch c mt nhn dng ngi dng c nhn c lu trong th thng minh, nhng ngi dng c th c nhiu th v chng c lp vo trong cc thit b khc nhau.
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N hn dn ng i g d cng cng ng 1
N hn dn ng i g d cng cng ng
Thu bao IM S
N hn dng ng i dng c nh n 1 N hn dng ng i d ng cng c g n 3
N hn dng ng i d ng cng c g n n
Hnh 1.1
Mi lin h gia nhn dng ngi dng c nhn v cng cng trong Realese 5
Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng 1
Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn 1
Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng 2
Thu bao IMS Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng 3
Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn 2
Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng n
Hnh 1.2
Mi lin h gia nhn dng ngi dng c nhn v cng cng trong Release 6
1.5.3 Nhn dng dch v cng cng Khi nim nhn dng dch v cng cng c gii thiu trong release 6 ca 3GPP. Khng ging nhn dng ngi dng cng cng, c phn b ti ngi dng, mt nhn dng dch v cng cng c phn b cho mt dch v c nm gi bi mt AS. V d mt AS phc v mt phng chat c nhn dng bi mt nhn dng dch v cng cng. 1.5.4 SIM, USIM v ISIM trong 3GPP UICC (Universal Integrated Circuit Card) l trung tm trong thit k thit b u cui 3GPP. UICC l mt th thng minh c th di chuyn c, lu tr mt s d liu nh thng tin ng k thu bao, m nhn thc, s a ch v cc tin nhn. Nu khng c UICC th thit b u cui ch c th gi cc s khn cp. o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS UICC cho php ngi dng d dng di chuyn thng tin ng k thu bao ca h sang thit b mi bng cch lp th thng minh sang thit b . UICC l mt khi nim chung nh ngha cc c tnh ca th thng minh. UICC c th bao gm mt vi ng dng logic nh SIM, USIM (Universal Subscriber Identity Module), ISIM (IP multimedia Services Identity Module). UICC cn c cc ng dng khc nh l s in thoi. 1.5.4.1 SIM SIM lu tr mt tp hp cc tham s nh thng tin ng k ngi dng, m nhn thc v cc tin nhn. N l thnh phn c bn nht trong cc thit b u cui chng c th ha mng. Mc d khi nim UICC v SIM l c th thay i cho nhau, UICC m ch n th vt l trong khi SIM ni n mt ng dng n l nm trong UICC .SIM c s dng rng ri trong mng GSM. 1.5.4.2 USIM USIM l mt ng dng khc nm trong UICC. USIM cung cp mt tp hp cc tham s bao gm thng tin ng k thu bao, thng tin nhn thc, phng php thanh ton v lu tr tin nhn.USIM c s dng truy nhp mng UMTS. Cc thit b u cui trong mng chuyn mch gi v chuyn mch knh cn phi c USIM hot ng c trong mng 3G. R rng, c SIM v USIM c th cng tn ti ng thi trong UICC thit b u cui c th s dng ng thi mng GSM v UMTS.
International Mobile Subscriber Identity(IMSI)
USIM
MSISDN
Tin nhn ngn(SMS)
MSISDN MSISDN
Tin nhn ngn (SMS) Tin nhn ngn(SMS)
Cha kha ton vn v cha kha m ha
Tham s dch v SMS
Cha kha ton vn v cha kha m ha cho min PS v CS
Tham s kt ni ngi dng MMS
B mt di hn
Preferences ngi dng MMS
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Hnh 2.1 Cu trc n gin ha ca USIM
USIM lu gi cc thng s sau y:
IMSI: IMSI l mt nhn dng m c phn b n mi ngi dng. IMSI ch c

s dng nhn dng ngi dng cho mc ch nhn thc. Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn tng ng vi IMSI.
MSISDN: Trng ny lu tr mt hoc nhiu s in thoi c cp cho ngi

dng. Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng tng ng vi MSISDN.
CK(Ciphering Key) v IK( Integrity Key): l nhng cha kha c s dng cho
mc ch m ha v bo v s ton vn thc th qua giao din v tuyn. USIM lu tr ring bit cha kha c s dng trong mng chuyn mch knh v cha kha trong mng chuyn mch gi. B mt di hn: USIM lu tr b mt di hn c s dng cho mc ch nhn thc v cho vic tnh ton cha kha ton vn v cha kha m c s dng gia thit b u cui v mng.
SMS( Short Message Service): USIM lu tr cc bn tin ngn v cc thng tin lin
quan nh ngi gi, ngi nhn v trng thi.
Cc tham s SMS: Trng ny trong USIM lu gi thng tin cu hnh lin quan ti
dch v SMS, nh a ch ca trung tm tin nhn hoc cc giao thc c h tr.
Cc thng s MMS: Trng ny lu tr d liu cu hnh lin quan n dch v

MMS, nh a ch ca MMS server v a ch ca MMS gateway. 1.5.4.3 ISIM Mt ng dng th ba c th hin din trong UICC l ISIM. ISIM c vai tr c bit quan trng trong IMS, bi v n cha mt tp hp cc thng s c s dng lm chng thc ngi dng, nhn dng ngi dng, cu hnh thit b u cui khi thit b u cui hot ng trong mng IMS. ISIM c th tn ti cng SIM, USIM hoc c hai.
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ISIM
Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn
Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng
Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng
URI min ca mng ch
B mt di hn
Hnh 3.1
Cu trc ca ng dng ISIM.
Cc tham s thch hp c lu tr trong ISIM bao gm:
Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn: ISIM lu tr nhn dng ngi dng c nhn
phn b cho ngi dng. Ch c mt nhn dng ngi dng c nhn c lu tr trong ISIM.
Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng: ISIM lu tr mt hoc nhiu SIP URI ca
nhn dng ngi dng cng cng phn b ti ngi dng.
URI ca min mng ch: ISIM lu tr SIP URI m cha tn min mng ch.
Thng tin ny c s dng trong sut th tc ng k. C th ch c mt URI tn min ca mng ch c lu trong ISIM.
B mt di hn: ISIM lu tr mt b mt di hn c s dng cho mc ch nhn

thc v tnh ton m ton vn v m m ha s dng gia mng v thit b u cui. Thit b u cui s dng m ton vn bo v s ton vn bo hiu SIP m thit b u cui gi v nhn t P-CSCF. Nu bo hiu c m ha, thit b u cui IMS s dng m m ha m ha v gii m bo hiu SIP m thit b u cui gi v nhn t P-CSCF. Tt c nhng thng tin trn ch c th c, c ngha l ngi dng khng th thay i gi tr ca chng.
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Nh vy truy nhp ti mng IMS da trn ISIM hoc USIM.Mc d USIM cng c th nhng s dng ISIM vn tt hn v n c thit k dnh ring cho IMS. Bi v tnh bo mt thp ca SIM, n khng c s dng s dng truy nhp ti mng IMS.
Chng 2 GIAO THC H TR CHNG THC, CP QUYN, TNH CC TRONG IMS

Giao thc AAA c hiu l Authentication (chng thc), Authorization (cp quyn), Accouting (tnh cc). Xc thc v cp quyn c mt mi lin h tng qut trong IMS. Trong khi tnh cc li l mt chc nng ring bit c thc hin tng nt khc nhau trong mng. cng chnh l l do ta nghin cu tch bch hai nhm i tng ny.
2.1 Chng thc v cp quyn trong IMS

Hnh 2.1 th hin s ca chc nng xc thc v cp quyn trong IMS. C ba giao din trin khai xc thc v cp quyn l cc giao din Cx, Dx, Sh. Giao din Cx ni gia HSS v I-CSCF hay S-CSCF. Khi c nhiu hn mt HSS trong mng th cn phi c SLF (Subscription Locator Funtion) gip I-CSCF hay SCSCF xc nh chnh xc HSS no ang lu tr thng tin ngi dng. Giao din Dx ni mt I-CSCF hay S-CSCF ti mt SLF. Giao din Sh ni gia mt HSS v mt SIP Application Server hay mt OSA Service Capability Server ( hon thnh m t v cc loi Application Server trong IMS). Trong tt c cc giao din ny, giao thc s dng lin lc gia cc nt l giao thc Diameter (c chun ha trong RFC 3588).
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Hnh 1.1
S xc thc v cp quyn trong IMS
2.2 Giao thc Diameter

Diameter l mt giao thc tng ng dng da trn RFC 3588 c chn l giao thc AAA trong mng IMS. + Authentication: Chng thc + Authorization: Cp quyn + Accounting: Tnh cc Diameter c pht trin t giao thc RADIUS (RFC 2865) l mt giao thc c s dng ph bin trong Internet thc hin chng thc, cp quyn v tnh cc. V d khi mt ngi dng quay s n mt nh cung cp dch v Internet, my ch truy nhp mng s dng RADIUS chng thc cp quyn cho user. Giao thc Diameter c chia thnh 2 phn l giao thc Diameter c bn v Diameter ng dng. Giao thc Diameter c bn bao gm nhng chc nng chnh v trin khai mi im s dng Diameter, khng ph thuc vo nhng ng dng c th. Giao thc Diameter c bn cn thit cho vic khi to cc n v d liu Diameter, iu chnh kh nng, bt li v cung cp kh nng m rng. Mt Diameter ng dng nh ngha mt chc nng ng dng c th v n v d liu. Mi mt Diameter ng dng c tch ri c lp nhau Nhiu ng dng l m rng ca cc chc nng c bn trong giao thc Diameter. V d nh ng dng cho Network Access Server, Server Configurations, Mobile Ipv4, Credit Control hay SIP applications. Nhng ng dng ny c th pht trin thm khi cn o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS thit. Hnh 2.2 th hin mi quan h gia giao thc Diameter c bn v mt vi ng dng.
Hnh 1.1
Giao thc Diameter c bn v cc ng dng
Giao thc Diameter c bn s dng c TCP v STCP truyn ti, trong STCP c u tin hn. IMS s dng Diameter trong nhiu giao din , mc d vy cc giao din ny c th s dng cc ng dng Diameter khc nhau.V d IMS s dng mt ng dng Diameter trong qu trnh thit lp cuc gi nhng li s dng mt ng dng Diameter khc trong tnh cc. Giao thc Diameter c bn nh ngha ra mt vi thc th chc nng thc hin cc thao tc AAA: Diameter client: Thc th chc nng, nm bn ra ca mng, thc hin cc cng vic truy nhp iu khin ( v d nh Network Access Servers ). Diameter Server: Thc th chc nng thc hin cng vic x l cc yu cu v chng thc, cp quyn v tnh cc cho cc vng min. Proxy: Thc th chc nng thc hin nhim v chuyn tip cc bn tin Diameter, thit lp cc chnh sch gii quyt mi quan h v s dng v phn pht ti nguyn. Relay: Thc th chc nng thc hin chuyn tip bn tin Diameter da trn cc thng tin quan h nh tuyn v bng nh tuyn vng. Mt Relay tiu biu cho tnh trong sut. N ch c th sa i (chn hoc xa i) cc thng tin v quan h nh tuyn trong bn tin Diameter ch khng th sa i cc d liu khc. Redirect agent: Thc th chc nng dng ch dn client lin lc mt cch vi server. Translation agent: Thc th chc nng thc hin giao thc vn chuyn gia giao thc Dameter v cc giao thc AAA khc v d nh RADIUS. o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Diameter node: Thc th chc nng ni chung trin khai giao thc Diameter v hot ng nh mt Diameter client, Diameter server, relay, redirect agent, hay translation agent. Diameter l giao thc ngang hng ( peer-to-peer ) ch khng phi giao thc dng ch / t. C ngha l t mi nt Diameter u c th gi yu cu ti cc nt khc. Mt Diameter client khng phi l thc th chc nng ch gi yu cu cng nh mt Diameter server khng phi l thc th chc nng ch gi tr li khi c yu cu. Thay v th mt Diameter client l thc th chc nng c tnh cht iu khin truy nhp, trong khi Diameter server l thc th chc nng thc hin vic chng thc v cp quyn. Trong Diameter, c Diameter client v Diameter server u c th gi hoc nhn cc yu cu cng nh hi p. Bn tin Diameter mt trong hai dng yu cu v hi p. Mt yu cu c tr li bi mt hi p. Ngoi tr mt vi trng hp c bit, ni chung yu cu Diameter lun lun c tr li, v vy bn gi yu cu lun nhn c thng tin chnh xc v kt qu ca yu cu . Trong trng hp c li, bn gi c th d dng pht hin v gi li. Diameter l mt giao thc m ha nh phn (binary encoded protocol). 2.2.1 Cu trc bn tin Diameter Hnh 2.3 th hin cu trc bn tin Diameter. Mt bn tin Diameter bao gm 20 octet tiu v mt s cc cp gi tr thuc tnh (Atribute Value Pairs - AVPs). Chiu di ca phn tiu l c nh trong mi bn tin Diameter. Cn s lng cc AVPs th thay i ph thuc vo tng bn tin Diameter, mi mt AVPs s cha d liu v chng thc, cp quyn hay tnh cc.
38
Hnh 1.2
Cu trc bn tin Diameter
+ Trng version cho bit phin bn ca Diameter + Trng Message length cho bit chiu di ca bn tin Diameter bao gm c phn tiu ( header ) + Trng tip theo l Command Flags bao gm 8 bits cho bit loi bn tin Diameter : Nu bit R ( Request ) c bt th loi bn tin l yu cu, ngc li l bn tin tr li. Nu bit P ( Proxiable ) c bt th bn tin s c chuyn qua proxy server hoc relay server hoc redirect server, ngc li bn tin s ch chuyn trong ni b Nu bit E ( Error ) c bt th chng t bn tin c cha li Nu bit T c bt th bn tin ny l bn tin truyn li 4 bit cn li cha c s dng v thng c t v 0 + Trng Command-Code: di 24 bit cho bit lnh no s c thc hin trong bn tin Diameter, M s cc lnh ny c qun l bi Internet Assigned Numbers Authority ( IANA ) bao gm cc lnh cho giao thc Diameter c bn v cho Diameter ng dng. o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
39
Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS + Trng Application ID xc nh loi ng dng Diameter no m bn tin s c gi i, c th l giao thc Diameter c bn hay 1 Diameter ng dng no khc. + Trng Hop-by-Hop identifier cha gi tr c t vo ca tng chng trong bn tin yu cu. Bn tin tr li s c cng 1 s Hop-by-Hop identifier vi bn tin yu cu, do vy mt nt Diameter s d dng so snh bn tin yu cu vi bn tin tr li tng ng. + Trng End-to-End identifier s mang mt gi tr c nh khng thay i khi cc bn tin yu cu c truyn i, iu ny nhm xc nh cc bn tin yu cu ging nhau, nt Diameter s gi li bn tin tr li vi gi tr End-to-End identifier ging nh gi tr nhn c trong bn tin yu cu. 2.2.2 Cp gi tr thuc tnh Cng ging nh bn tin RADIUS, bn tin Diameter cha cc cp gi tr thuc tnh (Atribute Value Pairs - AVPs). AVP s cha d liu trong . Hnh 2.4 m t cu trc ca AVP. Mi AVP bao gm cc trng : + AVP Code + Flags + AVP Length + Vendor-ID + Data
Hnh 1.1
Cu trc ca AVP
AVP Code kt hp vi trng Vendor-ID s xc nh duy nht mt thuc tnh. S thiu vng ca trng Vendor-ID hoc gi tr trng ny c t v 0 biu th y AVP chun theo l thuyt c nh ngha trong IETF. S AVP Code 1 n 255 xc nh cc thuc tnh c nh ngha trong RADIUS, AVP Code t 256 tr ln xc nh cc thuc tnh c nh ngha ring trong Diameter o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Trng Flags biu th : + S cn thit m ha bo m an ninh trong qu trnh truyn im-im + H tr AVP c tnh cht bt buc hay l ty chn. Nu bn gi thng bo rng c h tr AVP l bt buc v bn thu khng hiu AVP th yu cu Diameter s b t chi + Ty chn trng Vendor-ID c hin th hay khng Trng AVP Length biu th di ca AVP, bao gm AVP Code, AVP Length, Flags, Vendor-ID (nu c) v trng Data Trng Data cha mt vi loi d liu c bit v thuc tnh. di ca trng Data c th l khng hoc nhiu byte. di ca d liu c th bit c nh trng AVP Length. Giao thc Diameter c bn ch r mt vi nh dng d liu ca trng Data : OctetString, Integer32, Integer64, Unsigned32, Unsigned64, Float32, Float64, v Grouped. Hu ht trong s l cng mt loi. Kiu Grouped AVP l mt AVP c trng d liu l mt chui cc AVP khc. Nhng AVP c Code t 1 n 255 xc nh cc thuc tnh c nh ngha trong RADIUS, AVP c Code t 256 tr ln l AVP c nh ngha trong Diameter. AVP-Code c qun l bi IANA Giao thc Diameter cho php cc ng dng c th xc nh nh dng d liu AVP. Giao thc c bn nh ngha sn mt vi d liu AVP, nhng loi quan trng nht nh: a ch vn chuyn mt a ch IPv4 hay mt a ch IPv6 Thi gian miu t ngy gi
UTF8String trnh by xu, chui theo bng m Unicode : UTF-8

DiameterIdentity vn chuyn y tn min ca nt Diameter DiameterURI vn chuyn cc AAA URI hay AAAS URI
Enumerated, mt bng s miu t mt vi ng ngha no

2.2.3 a ch AAA v AAAS Giao thc AAA c th s dng mt aaa URI hay mt aaas URI xc nh ti nguyn AAA. Aaas URI biu th rng vic vn chuyn tin cy phi c s dng. C php ca nhng URI ny nh sau : "aaa://" FQDN [ port ] [ transport ] [ protocol ] "aaas://" FQDN [ port ] [ transport ] [ protocol ] o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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port transport protocol
= ":" 1*DIGIT = ";transport=" transport-protocol = ";protocol=" aaa-protocol
transport-protocol = ( "tcp" / "sctp" / "udp" ) aaa-protocol = ( "diameter" / "radius" / "tacacs+" ) Trong FQDN l Fully Qualified Domain Name. Nhng URI c th c chn vo bng ty chn s cng, mt ty chn v giao thc vn chuyn hoc mt ty chn giao thc truy cp ti nguyn AAA. Nu nh s cng khng khp vi s cng mc nh ca giao thc Diameter (3868) th n s l i. Nu nh thng s v vn chuyn khng xut hin, giao thc Diameter cng l i. Phi ch rng aaa URI v aaas URI c th iu chnh thch hp vi Diameter, RADIUS v cc giao thc khc. V d v cc aaa URI v aaas URI : aaa://server.home1.net aaas://server.home1.net aaa://server.home1.net:8868 aaa://server.home1.net;transport=tcp;protocol=diameter 2.2.4 Giao thc Diameter c bn Chng ta thy bn tin Diameter l mt trong hai loi yu cu hoc hi p. Mt yu cu v hi p tng ng ca n c xc nh bi trng Command-Code trong tiu bn tin. Trng Command-Code l mt s biu th phng thc m Diameter server mun tin hnh. Mt yu cu v hi p tng ng ca n u c cng s Command-Code, do vy cn c c Command-Flags phn bit yu cu v hi p. Giao thc Diameter c bn (RFC 3588 [60]) ch r cc Command-Code u tin. Mt ng dng c th c m rng t nhng lnh c bn v thm vo nhng ng dng mi. Hnh 2.5 lit k cc cc yu cu v hi p c nh ngha trong giao thc Diameter c bn. Command-Name Abort-Session-Request Abort-Session-Answer Accounting-Request o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN Abbreviation ASR ASA ACR Command-Code 274 274 271
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Accounting-Answer Capabilities-Exchange-Request Capabilities-Exchange-Answer Device-Watchdog-Request Device-Watchdog-Answer Disconnect-Peer-Request Disconnect-Peer-Answer Re-Auth-Request Re-Auth-Answer Session-Termination-Request Session-Termination-Answer Hnh 1.1 ACA CER CEA DWR DWA DPR DPA RAR RAA STR STA 271 257 257 280 280 282 282 258 258 275 275
Cc lnh c bn ca Diameter
2.2.4.1 Bn tin ASR v ASA ASR (Abort Session Request) ASA (Abort-Session Answer) y l lnh cn thit cho Diameter server khi mun ngng cung cp dch v ti ngi dng. Bi v c nhng nguyn do mi s xut hin khng th bit trc c khi phin c cp quyn. c th l ht ti khon, l do an ninh, bo mt, hoc mt l do no khc. Khi mt Diameter server quyt nh thng bo ti Diameter client v vic ngng cung cp dch v, Diameter server s gi bn tin Abort-Session-Request (ASR) ti Diameter client. Diameter client s tr li bng bn tin Abort-SessionAnswer (ASA). 2.2.4.2 Bn tin ACR v ACA ACR (Accounting Request) ACA (Accounting Answer) Mt nt Diameter c th cn thit phi thng bo v tnh trng ti khon cho Diameter server cung cp dnh v tnh cc. Giao thc Diameter cung cp lnh Accouting-Request (ACR), nh Diameter client c th thng bo tnh trng s dng dch v cho Diameter server. Lnh ny s cha cc thng tin gip cho Diameter server c th ghi li cc s kin trc khi a ra cc lnh hoc chun b chm dt dch v. 2.2.4.3 Bn tin CER v CEA CFR (Capabilities Exchange Request) CFA (Capabilities Exchange Answer) L bn tin trao i u tin gia hai nt Diameter, khi kt ni vn chuyn ch c khi to mt u. Hai bn tin ny mang cc thng tin v nhn dng ca nt v cc o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS thng s v lu tr ca n ( phin bn ca giao thc, s h tr Diameter ng dng, c cu h tr bo mt) 2.2.4.4 Bn tin DWR v DWA DWR (Device Watchdog Request) DWA (Device Watchdog Answer) N cn thit cho giao thc Diameter tm c cc li ca tng vn chuyn v tng ng dng ngay khi c th, do s a ra c phn ng thch hp. Diameter c th cung cp vic xc nh cc li ny l da trn c ch watchdog ca tng ng dng. Trong sut chu k vn chuyn lu lng gia hai nt Diameter, nu nh mt nt gi yu cu m khng nhn c hi p trong mt khong thi gian no , khi y vn tm ra li tng vn chuyn hay tng ng dng. Tuy nhin trong trng hp b tht lc nhiu gi qui nh th khng th tm ra li c. Diameter gii quyt vn ny qua vic iu tra tng vn chuyn v tng ng dng ca cc nt Diameter trung gian bng cch gi bn tin DWR. S thiu vng ca bn tin phn hi DWA s l c s xc nh nguyn nhn gy li. 2.2.4.5 Bn tin DPR v DPA DPR (Disconnect Peer Request) DPA (Disconnect Peer Answer) Mt nt Diameter c th khi to kt ni vi nt Diameter ngang hng khc, trong khi nt c th li mun chm dt kt ni. Trong trng hp ny nt Diameter gi bn tin Disconect-Peer-Request (DPR) ti nt ni vi n bo rng chun b chm dt kt ni. Bn tin DPR cng mang ngha yu cu nt ngang hng kia khng khi to li kt ni tr khi cn thit ( v d trong trng hp chuyn tip bn tin). 2.2.4.6 Bn tin RAR v RAA RAR (Re-Authentication-Request) RAA (Re-Authentication-Answer) i lc, c bit l khi mt phin chm dt t rt lu, Diameter server c th yu cu ngi dng chng thc li m bo tnh an ninh, bo mt. Mt Diameter server mun chng thc li ngi dng s gi bn tin Re-Auth-Request ti Diameter client. Diameter client s hi p bng bn tin Re-Auth-Answer. 2.2.4.7 Bn tin STR v STA STR (Session Termination Request) STA (Session Termination Answer) Mt Diameter client gi thng co v Diameter server bit rng c mt ngi dng rt lu khng s dng dch v, thc hin nh vy, Diameter client gi bn tin Session-Termination-Request (STR). Diameter server tr li bng bn tin SessionTermination-Answer (STA). V d nu server quay s thng bo rng thng bo rng kt ni quay s b ngng s dng th Diameter client s gi bn tin STR ti Diameter server. o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS 2.2.5 Cc AVP trong giao thc Diameter c bn Mi mt yu cu v hi p nh ngha nhng cp gi tr thuc tnh (AVPs) c trnh by trong bn tin. Mt vi AVP c th l ty trn ring trong yu cu hay hi p, s khc l bt buc. S c mt hoc khng ca nhng AVP nh ngha chun ph thuc vo nhng yu cu v hi p thc t. V d AVP tn l Authorization-Lifetime nh trong bng di th hin thi gian m trong s chng thc mt ngi dng cn hiu lc. Danh sch y ca cc AVP trong giao thc Diameter c bn rt di. Danh sch y c trong RFC 3588. Chng ta s tm hiu mt vi AVP quan trng, thng xuyn xut hin trong cc bn tin Diameter AVP cha cc thng tin v chng thc, cp quyn v tnh cc. Trng AVPCode gm 32 bit xc nh cc thuc tnh
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Attribute-Name User-Name Session-Id Redirect-Host Host-IP-Address Class Accounting-Record-Number Auth-Application-Id Authorization-Lifetime Vendor-Id Hnh 1.1 Mt s AVP
Code 1 263 292 257 25 485 258 291 266
Data-Type UTF8String UTF8String DiamURI Address OctetString Unsigned32 Unsigned32 Unsigned32 Unsigned32
AVP c tn User-Name biu th tn ca ngi dng trong mt min. AVP ny c cu trc da trn Nhn Dng Truy cp Mng (Network Access Identifier NAI) c nh ngha trong RFC 2486 [45]. Mt NAI c nh dng theo kiu username hoc username@realm. Trong IMS AVP User-Name cha nhn dng ngi dng c nhn (Private User Identity). Mi bn tin hi p Diameter u cha mt AVP c tn Result-Code. Gi tr ca AVP Result-Code biu th yu cu va gi c thnh cng hay khng v n tr li mt danh sch cc gi tr c th ca AVP ty thuc vo tng yu cu v hi p thc t. AVP c tn Origin-Host, mang y thng tin v tn min iu kin ca nt Diameter pht sinh ra yu cu. AVP c tn Destination-Host biu th thng tin v tn min iu kin ca Diameter server ni tn ngi dng c nh ngha. Thnh thong ngi dng khng bit c tn hin ti ca server, nhng bit v min qun l ni tn ngi dng l hp l. Trong trng hp ny AVP Destination-Realm c s dng. Bn tin yu cu Diameter c th i qua proxy hoc khng. C mt c trong phn tiu ca bn tin biu th bn tin c phi i qua proxy hay khng. Nhng bn tin c th i qua proxy s c nhng proxy nh tuyn ti mng ch. Bi vy mt yu cu c th i qua proxy th lun lun cha AVP Destination-Realm. Nhng bn tin khng th qua proxy s c nh tuyn ngay n chng tip theo v n khng bao gi c chuyn tip.
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Mt AVP quan trng khc c tn Session-ID. N cha mt nhn dng bao trm cho mt phin. Tt c cc bn tin trong cng mt phin s u c cng mt gi tr AVP Session-ID ging nhau. Mt nhm AVP c tn Vendor-Specific-Application-Id cha xc nhn v mt ng dng Diameter c nh ngha c th. Vendor-Specific-Application-Id cha mt AVP Auth-Application-Id hoc mt Acct-Application-Id, mc d vy ch mt trong hai s chng c mt ti mt thi im. AVP c tn Auth-Application-Id s mang thng s v chng thc v cp quyn ca ng dng. AVP c tn Acct-Application-Id s mang thng tin v tnh cc ca ng dng. Vendor-Specific-Application-Id cng cha mt AVP c tn Vendor-Id. AVP c tn Auth-Session-State biu th Diameter client c mun xc nhn trng thi ca mt phin Diameter c bit, lin quan hay khng. Diameter client s dng AVP ny nh l mt yu cu, v Diameter server s tr li cng bng AVP trong bn tin hi p. Mt nhm cc AVP khc c tn Proxy-Info cha cc AVP : Proxy-Host v ProxyState, n cng c th cha mt vi AVP khc. N cho php mt agent cha c cng nhn vn c mt trng thi trong yu cu. Hi p tng ng cng s c cng AVP , bi vy mt agent cha c cng nhn vn c th ly c thng tin trng thi v tip tc qu trnh trong phin Diameter. AVP c tn Proxy-Host cha tn ca chnh proxy chn thng tin. AVP c tn Proxy-State cha mt d liu n c vit ra m ch c chnh proxy mi c c. Mt relay hay mt proxy agent gn thm vo mt AVP c tn Route-Record ti tt c cc yu cu. AVP Route-Record cha nhn dng ca nt Diameter gi yu cu. iu ny cho php pht hin vng lp. N cng cho php Diameter server kim tra v cp quyn ng i cho mt yu cu.
2.3 Giao din Cx v Dx

Giao din Cx c xy dng kt ni mt I-CSCF hoc mt S-CSCF ti mt HSS. Tng t nh vy giao din Dx cng c xy dng kt ni mt I-CSCF hoc mt S-CSCF ti mt HSS hoc mt SLF. im khc bit duy nht gia hai giao din ny l vic trin khai SLF nh mt Diameter redirect agent, ngc li HSS nh mt Diameter server. Trong trng hp ny c I-CSCF v S-CSCF hot ng nh Diameter client. Trong mng nu c nhiu hn mt HSS, nhng Diameter client (S-CSCF, ICSCF ) cn phi lin h vi SLF tm xem HSS no trong mng lu tr thng tin v ngi dng ng vi nhn dng cng cng ca ngi dng (Public User Identity). Cc lnh ca Diameter t S-CSCF hay I-CSCF gi ti HSS v SLF l nh nhau. SLF hot ng nh mt Diameter redirect agent v cha bng tham chiu cc nhn dng ngi dng cng cng vi HSS tng ng lu tr thng tin ngi dng . Khi nhn c yu cu SLF s tr li bng bn tin c cha AVP : Redirect-Host. AVP ny cha a ch ca HSS m S-CSCF hay I-CSCF cn lin h. I-CSCF v S-CSCF sau s chuyn tip bn tin Diameter ti HSS . o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Bi v bn tin Diameter i qua giao din Cx v Dx l nh nhau, giao din Dx c th coi nh trong sut m t s tng tc vi giao din Cx. Trong phn ny ta ch ni n giao din Cx vi HSS, nhng m t ny cng tng t nh giao din Dx vi SLF. Cn ch rng P-CSCF khng trin khai trn c hai giao din Cx v Dx. Vi nhng ngi dng c bit I-CSCF v S-CSCF s dng giao din Cx v Dx thc hin cc chc nng : Xc nh 1 S-CSCF tn ti cho ngi dng Ti v vector chng thc ca ngi dng. Nhng vector ny c lu trong HSS
Cp quyn cho ngi dng khi ngi dung truy cp mng Lu vo HSS a ch ca S-CSCF ang xc nh ngi dng Cho HSS bit v trng thi ng k ca ngi dng Ti v thng tin ngi dng t HSS, thng tin c th c lc theo cc tiu
chun
Cp nht thng tin ngi dng t HSS vo S-CSCF khi thng tin ny c
thay i Cung cp thng tin cn thit cho I-CSCF la chn S-CSCF Giao din Cx v Dx trin khai nh l ng dng theo chun giao thc Diameter c gi l Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx (Diameter Application for the Cx interface). ng dng ny c trnh by c th trong 3GPP TS 29.228 [21] v 3GPP TS 29.229 [12]. Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx khng c chun ha trong IETF, nhng IETF cp quyn cho 3GPP Release 5. Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx c c im c bn ca ng dng AAA cho SIP server. 2.3.1 Nhng lnh trong Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx Nh ni, I-CSCF v S-CSCF c mt s chc nng thc hin qua giao din Cx v Dx. thc hin nhng chc nng ny Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx cn nh ngha ra nhng lnh mi (yu cu v hi p). Hnh 2.7 l danh sch cc lnh mi trong Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx.
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Command-Name User-Authorization-Request User-Authorization-Answer Server-Assignment-Request Server-Assignment-Answer Location-Info-Request Location-Info-Answer Multimedia-Auth-Request Multimedia-Auth-Answer Registration-Termination-Request Registration-Termination-Answer Push-Profile-Request Push-Profile-Answer Hnh 1.1 2.3.1.2 Bn tin UAR v UAA UAR (User Authentication Request) UAA (User Authentication Answer)
Abbreviation UAR UAA SAR SAA LIR LIA MAR MAA RTR RTA PPR PPA
CommandCode 300 300 301 301 302 302 303 303 304 304 305 305
Cc lnh nh ngha bi Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx
Mt I-CSCF gi mt bn tin UAR khi I-CSCF nhn c yu cu SIP REGISTER t mt thit b u cui IMS. C mt vi l do I-CSCF gi bn tin UAR ti HSS:
HSS u tin s lc nhn dng ngi dng cng cng (Public User Identity) cha trong yu cu SIP REGISTER. V d HSS kim tra thy rng nhn dng ngi dng cng cng c cp cho mt thu bao ph hp trong mng v thu bao khng b kha. HSS cng kim tra xem mng nh c ng lin kt vi mt mng khc c P-CSCF ang hot ng. iu ny cho php mng cha P-CSCF np thng tin t mng nh. I-CSCF cng cn xc nh c hay khng mt S-CSCF sn sng ch nh ti nhn dng ngi dng cng cng ch ng k trc khi I-CSCF chuyn tip yu cu SIP REGISTER ti S-CSCF . Nu khng c mt S-CSCF no ch nh ti nhn dng ngi dng cng cng th I-CSCF s nhn c mt tp hp yu cu lu tr trong S-CSCF, nh vy I-CSCF c th la chn mt SCSCF thch hp. Yu cu SIP REGISTER phn ra thnh loi mang thng tin xc nhn ngi dng cng cng v loi mang thng xc nhn ngi dng c nhn. HSS s
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS kim tra xem xc nhn ngi dng cng cng c th s dng vi xc nhn ngi dng c nhn hay khng, y l chc nng xc thc ca HSS. Hnh 2.8 m t mt qu trnh ng k. Khi I-CSCF nhn c yu cu SIP REGISTER (2), n gi bn tin Diameter URA ti HSS (3). HSS gi li mt bn tin Diameter User Authorization Answer (UAA) (4), sau I-CSCF s bt u qu trnh ng k. Qu trnh ny cng tng t nh (13) v (14). Sau I-CSCF khng lu gi trng thi trong qu trnh ng k. Hn na n lc DNS chia ti th I-CSCF nhn c yu cu SIP REGISTER (2) c th khng phi l I-CSCF nhn c yu cu SIP REGISTER (12) na. HSS gi bn tin UAA cha mt m AVP tr v s gip I-CSCF xc nh c tip tc qu trnh ng k hay hy b n. Qu trnh ng k c cp quyn trong bn tin UAA c cha nhng AVP m c th gip I-CSCF xc nh c mt S-CSCF sn sng ch nh ti ngi dng hoc nu khng th I-CSCF s chn mt S-CSCF mi.
Hnh 2.1
Bn tin UAR/UAA, MAR/MAA, SAR,SAA trong qu trnh ng k
2.3.1.3 Bn tin MAR v MAA MAR (Multimedia-Auth-Request) MAA (Multimedia-Auth-Answer) o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Hnh 2.8 cng m t bn tin Diameter MAR v MAA. Khi S-CSCF nhn c mt yu cu khi to SIP REGISTER, n s tin hnh xc thc ngi dng IMS. Tuy nhin trong ln ng k u tin S-CSCF khng c vector xc thc xc thc ngi dng. Nhng veator ny c lu trong HSS. S-CSCF gi bn tin MAR ti HSS vi chc nng nhn li nhng vc t xc thc. Thc t S-CSCF ghi li nhng SIP URI lu trong d liu ngi dng HSS. Do vy cc CSCF hoc l Application Server khc c th ly URI ca S-CSCF cp cho tng ngi dng mt bng cch truy vn HSS. 2.3.1.4 Bn tin SAR v SAA SAR (Server Asignment Request) SAA (Server Asignment Answer) Cng trong hnh 2.8 ta thy c bn tin SAR v SAA. Khi S-CSCF thc s xc thc c ngi dng (nhn dng ngi dng c nhn) nhn dng ngi dng cng cng s c ng k v tr thnh nh mt a ch. Khi S-CSCF gi bn tin SAR ti HSS thng bo rng ngi dng ang c ng k ti S-CSCF. S-CSCF cng yu cu thm thng tin ngi ung. HSS nh km thng tin ngi dng v gi li trong bn tin SAA. S-CSCF cng gi bn tin SAR ti HSS khi ngi dng trong mt thi gian di khng ng k ti S-CSCF, nh vy HSS c th bit c trng thi ng k ca ngi dng. S-CSCF c th yu cu HSS tip tc cho S-CSCF lu thng tin ngi dng n khi thc s ngi dng khng ng k na. Quyt nh cui cng thuc v HSS, bi v HSS s c hoc khng cho php S-CSCF ch nh ti thng tin ngi dng. Cho php S-CSCF ch nh ti thng tin ngi dng ngha l S-CSCF c lu tr thng tin ngi dng. Sau khi ng k c th khng cn i hi ti thng tin ngi dng t HSS v na. 2.3.1.5 Bn tin LIR v LIA LIR (Location Information Request) LIA (Location Information Answer) Khi mt I-CSCF nhn c yu cu SIP m khng cha trng nh tuyn tr ti chng tip theo, I-CSCF s khng bit S-CSCF no s l S-CSCF c ch nh ti ngi dng. Khi nhn c yu cu SIP nh vy I-CSCF s gi bn tin Location-InfoRequest (LIR) ti HSS. HSS tr li bng bn tin Location-Info-Answer (LIA). Lnh trong bn tin LIA s ch ra URI ca S-CSCF ch nh ti ngi dng . Nu nh khng c S-CSCF no ch nh ti ngi dng th sau HSS s a ra mt danh sch cc S-CSCF c th lu tr cho I-CSCF c th la chn cho ngi dng ny. Theo nh hnh 2.9 mt I-CSCF nhn c yu cu SIP m khng cha thng tin nh tuyn trong , n gi bn tin Diameter LIR ti HSS. HSS tr li bng bn tin Diameter LIA trong cha a ch ca S-CSCF ch nh ti ngi dng. Do ICSCF chuyn tip yu cu INVITE ti S-CSCF.
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Hnh 5.1
Bn tin LIR/LIA v bn tin SAR/SAA
2.3.1.6 Bn tin RTR v RTA RTR (Registration Termination Request) RTA (Registration Termination Answer) Trong qu trnh qun l hot ng mng c th c mt hoc nhiu nhn dng cng cng c cung cp cho mt ngi dng. Khi iu ny xy ra th HSS gi mt bn tin Registration-Termination-Request (RTR) ti S-CSCF m ngi dng ng k. Hnh 2.10 m t mt HSS ang gi mt bn tin RTR ti S-CSCF vi chc nng ng k li mt hoc nhiu nhn dng ngi dng cng cng. S-CSCF s thng bo cho tt c cc thu bao v trng thi ng k ca n, trong trng hp ny l P-CSCF v thit b u cui IMS. Vi v d di y, c P-CSCF v u cui IMS u nhn c thng bo v trng thi ng k, S-CSCF gi cho P-CSCF (3), gi cho u cui IMS (5) v (6).
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Hnh 6.1
Bn tin RTR/RTA
2.3.1.7 Bn tin PPR v PPA PPR (Push Profile Request) PPA (Push Profile Answer) HSS c th thay i thng tin ngi dng, v d nh khi mt dch v mi c cp cho ngi dng, khi trong thng tin ngi dng cn c thay i trong tiu chun sng lc (filter criteria). Khi thng tin ngi dng c cp nht th HSS s gi bn tin PPR ti S-CSCF ch nh ngi dng , bn tin ny cha thng tin cp nht cho thng tin ngi dng. Hnh 2.11 l mt v d v bn tin PPR v PPA.
Hnh 7.1
Bn tin PPR/PPA
2.3.2 Cc AVP trong Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx nh ngha mt s AVP mi. Hnh l danh sch cc thuc tnh mi v Code ca n. Trng Vendor-ID ca tt c nhng AVP ny c t gi tr 10415, xc nh theo 3GPP.
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Attribute Name
Sectio AVP n Value Type Code define d 600 601 602 603 604 605 606 607 608 609 610 611 612 613 614 615 616 617 618 619 6.3.1 6.3.2 6.3.3 6.3.4 6.3.5 6.3.6 6.3.7 6.3.8 6.3.9 OctetString UTF8String UTF8String Grouped Unsigned32 Unsigned32 OctetString Unsigned32 UTF8String
Visited-Network-Identifier Public-Identity Server-Name Server-Capabilities Mandatory-Capability Optional-Capability User-Data SIP-Number-Auth-Items SIP-Authentication-Scheme SIP-Authenticate SIP-Authorization SIP-Authentication-Context SIP-Auth-Data-Item SIP-Item-Number Server-Assignment-Type Deregistration-Reason Reason-Code Reason-Info Charging-Information Primary-Event-Charging-Function-Name Primary-Charging-Collection-FunctionName Secondary-Charging-Collection-FunctionName User-Authorization-Type User-Data-Already-Available Confidentiality-Key Integrity-Key User-Data-Request-Type o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
6.3.10 OctetString 6.3.11 OctetString 6.3.12 OctetString 6.3.13 Grouped 6.3.14 Unsigned32 6.3.15 Enumerated 6.3.16 Grouped 6.3.17 Enumerated 6.3.18 UTF8String 6.3.19 Grouped 6.3.20 DiameterURI 6.3.21 DiameterURI 6.3.22 DiameterURI 6.3.23 DiameterURI 6.3.24 Enumerated 6.3.26 Enumerated 6.3.27 OctetString 6.3.28 OctetString 6.3.25 Enumerated
Secondary-Event-Charging-Function-Name 620 621 622 623 624 625 626 627
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Supported-Features Feature-List-ID Feature-List Supported-Applications Hnh 1.1 628 629 630 631 6.3.29 Grouped 6.3.30 Unsigned32 6.3.31 Unsigned32 6.3.32 Grouped
Cc AVP nh ngha bi Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx
AVP c tn Visited-Network-Identifier cha xc nhn v mng ni P-CSCF nm trong . Mt I-CSCF tham chiu trng tiu P-Visited-Network-ID trong mt bn tin yu cu SIP REGISTER ti AVP c tn Visited-Network-Identifier. Mng nh c th cp quyn cho thit b u cui IMS s dng P-CSCF trong mng . AVP c tn Public-Identity mang mt nhn dng ngi dng cng cng ( SIP URI hoc TEL URI) AVP c tn Server-Name cha URI ca nt SIP server ( v d nh URI ca SCSCF ) Server-Capabilities l mt nhm cc AVP vi chc nng chnh cha nhng yu cu v nng lc ca S-CSCF s c phc v ngi dng. HSS s chuyn nhng nng lc ny ny ti I-CSCF, I-CSCF c th la chn mt S-CSCF thch hp cho ngi dng. AVP c tn Mandatory-Capability biu th mt nng lc la chn S-CSCF trong vic trin khai, trong khi AVP c tn Optional-Capability li cha nng lc ca SCSCF c th c trin khai mt cch ty chn. C hai AVP ny u c lp i lp li sao cho t hiu qu cao nht. Nng lc ny c biu din bng mt s nguyn. S hot ng ca mng nh cng c ch nh nng lc bng cc s nguyn, y l mt quyt nh ng n v giao din Cx ch s dng trong mng nh. V d nng lc ca S-CSCF khi thc hin m Java c th c phn cho mc nng lc l 1, nng lc ca S-CSCF khi chy cc kch bn SIP CGI c th c phn mc nng lc l 2, v c th. AVP c tn User-Data cha thng tin ngi dng. Thng tin ngi dng s c m t k hn phn sau. S-CSCF mun bit c bao nhiu vc t chng thc m n mun nhn t HSS cho tng ngi dng ring bit, thng tin cha trong AVP c tn SIP-Number-AuthItems. HSS cng s dng AVP ny thng bo c bao nhiu vector chng thc m n thc s gi i. SIP-Auth-Data-Item l mt nhm cc AVP cha cc AVP sau : SIP-Item-Number SIP-Authentication-Scheme SIP-Authenticate SIP-Authorization o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS SIP-Authentication-Context Confidentiality-Key Integrity-Key. Khi bn tin Diameter mang nhiu hn mt AVP c tn SIP-Auth-Data-Item v SCSCF khng bit v th t x l chng th HSS s t mt s th t trong AVP c tn SIP-Item-Number nm trong mi SIP-Auth-Data-Item AVP c tn SIP-Authentication-Scheme biu th s chng thc c h thng s dng cho chng thc trong bn tin SIP. 3GPP Release 5 ch nh ngha h thng chng thc l Digest-AKAv1-MD5 AVP c tn SIP-Authenticate thng c dng bi HSS gi gi tr m S-CSCF chn vo trng tiu SIP WWW-Authenticate ca hi p 401 UnauthorizeDiameter. Khi ngi dng c chng thc th thit b u cui IMS s gi mt yu cu SIP cha mt trng tiu Authorization. Gi tr ca tiu ny khng gi cho HSS tr khi c li trong vic ng b ha. Trong trng hp SCSCF s sao lu tiu SIP Authorization vo AVP c tn SIP-Authorization. AVP c tn SIP-Authentication-Context thng c s dng mang mt phn ca yu cu SIP hon chnh ti S-CSCF phc v cho c ch chng thc. Hai AVP l Confidentiality-Key and Integrity-Key cha nhng cha kha c lp S-CSCF m ha /gii m hoc bo v /kim tra bn tin SIP c gi i hoc gi n t thit b u cui IMS. HSS gi nhng cha kha ny ti S-CSCF cng trong nhng AVP ny, S-CSCF s chn n vo nh l mt h thng thng s m ha trong trng tiu SIP WWW-Authenticate v sau P-CSCF s b chng i. S-CSCF thng bo l do kt ni vi HSS trong AVP c tn Server-AssignmentType. Nhng l d c th l yu cu thng tin ngi dng, ngi dng ng k, ng k li hoc hy ng k; sau mt khong thi gian ch trong qu trnh ng k; vic qun l xa ng k; mt li trong qu trnh chng thc hoc do ch i qu lu Khi HSS xa ng k ca ngi dng, n gi thng tin ti S-CSCF trong AVP c tn Deregistration-Reason. Deregistration-Reason l mt nhm cc AVP cha cc AVP :Reason-Code v Reason-Info. AVP c tn Reason-Code l mt m s xc nh l do vic xa ng k khi to trong mng, c th l do vic k kt chm dt hot ng hoc do S-CSCF mi ch nh ti ngi dng. Cn Reason-Info cha dng xu k t c th c c m t l do xa ng k. Charging-Information l mt nhm cc AVP gi ti S-CSCF cc AAA URI ca cc nt Event Charging Function (ECF) v Charging Collection Function (CCF). Cc AAA URI ca nt s cp v th cp c gi ti S-CSCF v nt th cp thng c dng trong trng hp c li nt s cp tng ng. Charging-Information l mt nhm cc AVP gm c : Primary-Event-Charging-Function-Name o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Secondary-Event-Charging-Function-Name Primary-Charging-Collection-Function-Name Secondary-Charging-Collection-Function-Name AVP c tn User-Authorization-Type biu th hnh thc chng thc m mt ICSCF yu cu trong mt bn tin UAR. Gi tr ca n th hin mt ng k khi to hay mt ng k li, mt s hy ng k hoc mt ng k km theo nng lc. ICSCF s dng gi tr ng k km theo nng lc khi S-CSCF hin hnh ch nh ti ngi dng m khng th lin lc c v khi I-CSCF yu cu nng lc ca S-CSCF to s la chn S-CSCF mi Trong mt bn tin SAR S-CSCF cng c th thng bo c HSS bit S-CSCF c thng tin ngi dng hay cha. S-CSCF lm c nh vy nh c AVP mang tn User-Data-Already-Available trong bn tin SAR. 2.3.2.1 Cch s dng cc AVP c sn Bn cnh nhng AVP m 3GPP xy dng h ch Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx, nhng yu cu v hi p ca ng dng cng c th s dng cc AVP c nh ngha trong giao thc Diameter c bn (RFC 3588 [60]). AVP quan trng nht m 3GPP s dng c m t trong mc 2.2.5. Mt AVP quan trng na trong IMS l User-Name, n lun mang nhn dng ngi dng c nhn.
2.4 Thng tin ngi dng

2.4.1 Cu trc tng qut thng tin ngi dng Thng tin ngi dung (User Profile) c lu tr trong HSS, cha rt nhiu cc thnh phn khc nhau. S-CSCF s ti thng tin ny v khi ngi dng ng k ln u tin vi S-CSCF . S-CSCF nhn thng tin ngi dng cha trong AVP (tn thuc tnh User-Data, AVP, c Code l 606) ca bn tin Diameter SAA (Server-AssignmentAnswer, c Command Code l 301). Nu thng tin ngi dng c thay i trong HSS trong khi ngi dung ang c ng k trn mng th HSS s gi bn tin cp nht thng tin ngi dng trong AVP User-Data ca bn tin Diameter PPR (PushProfile-Request c Command-Code l 305).
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Hnh 1.1
Cu trc thng tin ngi dung
Hnh 2.13 th hin cu trc ca thng tin ngi dng. Mt thng tin ngi dng (user profile) c bn nht l nhn dng ngi dng c nhn (Private User Identify) tip theo mt tp hp cc nhn dng ngi dng cng cng (Public User Identities) kt hp vi nhn dng ngi dng c nhn . Thng tin ngi dng bao gm nhiu thng tin dch v (service profile). Mi mt thng tin dch v nh ngha ra cch khi to dch v m c th dng ly c nhn dng ngi dng cng cng. Thng tin dch v c chia thnh 4 phn : + Mt hoc nhiu nhn dng cng cng ( Public Identifications) + C hoc khng mt ty chn cp quyn cho mng li dch v (Core Network Service Authorization) + Khng c hoc c nhiu cc tiu chun sng lc ban u (Initial Filter Criteria) + Khng c hoc c nhiu cc tiu chun sng lc chia s ban u (Shared Initial Filter Criteria)
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS 2.4.2 Nhn dng cng cng Nhn dng cng cng trong thng tin dch v bao gm nhn dng ngi dng cng cng kt hp vi thng tin dch v tng ng. Thng tin dch v c th dng c cho tt c danh sch nhn dng trong nhn dng cng cng. Mi mt nhn dng cng cng cha 1 c xc nh xem nhn dng ngi dng cng cng c c kch hot hay khng. Vic kch hot nhn dng ngi dng cng cng c th c s dng cho qu trnh ng k, nhng khng phi cho cc bn tin SIP khc ( v d nh trong vic khi to mt phin ). Do mt nhn dng cng cng s cha mt trong hai thng tin khc nh SIP URI hoc TEL URI 2.4.3 Cp quyn cho mng li dch v Mt thng tin dch v cng c th cha mt cp quyn cho mng li dch v, n cha thng tin xc nhn mi trng truyn ca thu bao (subcribered media profile identifier). Thng tin xc nhn mi trng truyn ca thu bao cha mt gi tr xc nhn tp hp cc thng s SDP (Session Description Protocol) m ngi dng c cp quyn yu cu. Thng tin nhn dng c lu trong thng tin dch v, l mt s nguyn; thng tin SDP thc s c lu trong S-CSCF. S-CSCF s dng thng tin xc nhn mi trng truyn ca thu bao t mt phn thng tin SDP m c th gip S-CSCF kim sot thng tin SDP trong yu cu khi to ca ngi dng. V d, mt ngi dng c th khng c cp quyn s dng video. Trong trng hp ny, nu ngi dng khi to mt phin m SDP cha lung video th S-CSCF s t chi phin khi n pht hin ra rng SDP khng khp vi thng tin mi trng truyn thu bao 2.4.4 Tiu chun sng lc ban u Phn th ba lu trong thng tin dch v l tiu chun sng lc ban u (Initial Filter Criteria). N xc nh bn tin SIP yu cu no s c a ti Application Server cung cp cc dnh v nht nh. Tiu chun sng lc s xc nh nhng dch v c th p dng thu thp cc nhn dng ngi dung cng cng lit k trong thng tin dch v.
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Hnh 1.1
Cu trc tiu chun sng lc ban u
2.5.4.1 Quyn u tin Thnh phn u tin trong tiu chun sng lc ban u l quyn u tin (Priority). Trng Priority s xc nh tiu chun lc no c s dng. Cc quyn u tin s c so snh vi nhau trong cng mt thng tin dch v. S-CSCF s chn tiu chun lc c quyn u tin cao nht (quyn u tin c gi tr 1 s c u tin cao nht). Sau khi nh gi, S-CSCF tip tc vi cc tiu chun lc c u tin tip theo ( 2, 3, .).Trong cng 1 thng tin dch v, quyn u tin ca mt tiu chun lc l 1 s duy nht v quan trng nht. Trong nhiu trng hp n khng nht thit phi lin tc. V d quyn u tin cao nht c th l 100, cao th hai c th l 200. iu ny rt thun tin trong vic ginh v tr quyn u tin cho cc dch v cung cp v sau. 2.4.4.2 Trigger Point Sau quyn u tin, c th c mt Trigger Point. Trigger Point th hin s cn thit hay khng vic chuyn bn tin SIP yu cu ti Server ng dng. Mt Trigger Point l tp hp ca cc tiu chun lc ring l hay cn gi l Service Point Trigger Nu khng c Trigger Point no th mi bn tin SIP s c gi n Server ng dng mt cch v iu kin
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS 2.4.4.3 Trng thng tin Server ng dng Trong phn ny c cha Application Server SIP URI, y l a ch ca my ch ng dng s nhn bn tin SIP yu cu nu iu kin m t trong Trigger Point c tha mn. Ngoi ra cn c trng Default Handing v trng Service Information
Tiu chun sng lc chia s ban u

Phn cui cng trong thng tin dch v l cc tiu chun sng lc chia s ban u (Shared Initial Filter Criteria ). y l mt c im ty chn c yu cu h tr c S-CSCF v HSS. in hnh l rt nhiu ngi dng trn mng c th chia s cc l tiu chun sng lc ban u ( Initial Filter Criteria ). N khng phi l ti u nu nh ngi dng lun ng k ti S-CSCF, n ti v mt tiu chun sng lc ban u m c ti v t trc. Chia s tiu chun sng lc ban u cho php to c s d liu ca tiu chun sng lc ban u thuc v nhng ngi dng. C s d liu c lu tr trong c S-CSCF v HSS. Mi mt tiu chun sng lc chia s ban u c xc nh bi mt m duy nht. Khi mt thng tin dch v ca ngi dng cha mt hoc nhiu tiu chun sng lc chia s ban u, ch c m xc nh c ti v S-CSCF, SCSCF s lu tiu chun sng lc chia s ban u trc trong c s d liu ca n.
2.5 Giao din Sh

Giao din Sh c nh ngha gia mt SIP AS hoc mt OSA-SCS vi HSS. N cung cp cc chc nng v lu tr v phc hi d liu, nh khi mt Application Server ti d liu t HSS hoc mt Application Server a d liu ti HSS. Nhng d liu ny c th c x l bi cc tp lnh hoc c cu hnh bi cc thng s p dng cho ngi dng v tng dch v c bit. Giao din Sh cng cung cp nhng dch v v khai bo v xc nhn, bi vy AS c th xc nhn s thay i d liu trong HSS. Khi d liu thay i, HSS s thng bo vi Application Server. Vic trin khai giao din Sh c ty chn trong mt Appliaction Server v ph thuc vo bn cht dch v c cung cp bi Application Server: vi dch v i hi phi tng tc vi HSS, s khc th khng. Giao thc s dng trn giao din Sh vn l Diameter vi vic b xung cc Diameter ng dng ( m t trong 3GPP TS 29.328 [22] v 3GPP TS 29.329 [35]). ng dng ny c gi l Diameter ng dng cho giao din Sh. Vic xy dng ng dng tun theo cc qui tc ca 3GPP, n nh ngha nhng lnh mi v cc AVP mi h tr cho cc yu cu chc nng trn giao din Sh. 2.5.1 D liu ngi dng trn giao din Sh Giao din Sh gii thiu khi nim d liu ngi dng gm nhiu loi d liu khc nhau. Hu ht cc bn tin Diameter qua giao din Sh u hot ng trn vi d liu ngi dng khc nhau. D liu ngi dng trong giao din Sh c th c chia thnh mt s dng sau :
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Repository data: AS s dng HSS lu d liu trong sut. D liu ch c th hiu c bi chnh nhng Application Server trin khai dch v . Nhng d liu ny khc nhau ty vo ngi dng v ty vo dch v. Public identifiers: danh sch cc nhn dng ngi dng cng cng c ch nh IMS user state: trng thi ng k ca ngi dng IMS. Nhng trng thi c th l ng k, cha ng k, ch i trong qu trnh chng thc, hoc cha ng k nhng S-CSCF ch nh ti ngi dng . S-CSCF name: cha a ch ca S-CSCF ch nh ti ngi dng. Initial filter criteria: cha thng tin khi to dch v. Location information: cha v tr ngi dng nm trong min chuyn mch knh hay trong min chuyn mch gi. User state: Cha trng thi ngi dng nm trong min chuyn mch knh hay trong min chuyn mch gi. Charging information: cha a ch ca khi chc nng np 2.5.2 Cc lnh nh ngha trn Diameter ng dng cho giao din Sh Giao din Sh nh ngha 8 bn tin Diameter mi h tr cho cc yu cu v chc nng ca giao din. Hnh 2.15 l danh sch cc lnh mi nh ngha trong Diameter ng dng cho giao din Sh.
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Hnh 1.1
Danh sch lnh c nh ngha bi Diameter ng dng cho giao din Sh
2.5.2.1 Bn tin UDR v UDA UDR ( User-Data-Request) UDA (User-Data-Answer) Application Server gi mt bn tin UDR ti HSS yu cu d liu ngi dng cho tng ngi dng mt. D liu ngi dng c th dng c nh ngha cho giao din Sh. HSS tr li dng d liu c yu cu trong bn tin UAA. Hnh 2.16 miu t qu trnh ny
Hnh 1.2
Bn tin UDR/ UDA
2.5.2.2 Bn tin PUR v PUA PUR (Profile Update Request) PUA (Profile Update Answer) Application Server c th chnh sa loi d liu v lu chng vo HSS. lm nh vy Application Server phi gi bn tin PUR ti HSS. HSS s tr li hot ng ct gi ca mnh trong bn tin PUA. Hnh 2.17 miu t qu trnh ny
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Hnh 2.1
Bn tin PUR/PUA
2.5.2.3 Bn tin SNR v SNA SNR (Subcribe Notifications Request) SNA (Subcribe Notifications Answer) Application Server c th xc nhn vic thay i d liu ngi dng bng cch gi bn tin SNR ti HSS. Loi d liu ngi dng c thng bo l hp l gm c: repository data, IMS user state, S-CSCF name, v initial filter criteria. HSS s thng bo cho Application Server bit kt qu xc nhn qua bn tin SNA. Hnh 2.18 m t qu trnh ny:
Hnh 3.1
Bn tin SNR/SNA v bn tin PNR/PNA
2.5.2.4 Bn tin PNR v PNA PNR (Push Notification Request) PNA (Push Notification Answer) Khi d liu ngi dng lu trong HSS c thay i v Application Server cn c xc nhn nhng thay i ny, HSS s gi bn tin PNR thng bo vi Application Server. Bn tin PNR cha mt bn sao s thay i d liu Application Server sau s tr li bng bn tin PNA. Qu trnh ny cng c m t trong hnh 2.18.
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS 2.5.3 Cc AVP nh ngha trong Diameter ng dng cho giao din Sh Diameter ng dng cho giao din Sh nh ngha ra mt s AVP mi, hnh di y lit k tn cc AVP mi v m ca n
Hnh 1.1
Cc AVP nh ngha bi Diameter ng dng cho giao din Sh
User-Identity l mt nhm cc AVP cha xc nhn v ngi dng, n c th l nhn dng ngi dng cng cng, trng hp ny n cha AVP c tn Public-Identity (AVP ny mn ca Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx); hoc c th l s Mobile Subscriber Integrated Services Digital Network (MSISDN), trong trng hp ny n cha AVP c tn MSISDN. AVP c tn User-Data cha d liu ngi dng ty theo nh ngha d liu ngi dng cho giao din Sh. Loi d liu ngi dng c m t trong AVP c tn DataReference, AVP ny cha gi tr tham chiu ca mt vi loi d liu ngi dng khc nhau. AVP c tn Service-Indication cha xc nhn ca d liu lu trong. AVP c tn Subs-Req-Type cha mt m t v Application Server c xc nhn v thng bo dch v trong HSS hay khng. AVP c tn Current-Location biu th mt qu trnh mang tn kch hot v tr phc hi c c khi to hay khng. AVP c tn Server-Name hon ton tng t nh AVP cng tn trong Diameter ng dng cho giao din Cx.
2.6 Tnh cc
Tnh cc c nh ngha nh l mt tp hp ca s tiu th ti nguyn d liu cho mc ch phn chia cng sut, phn chia gi tr, s kim nh, v s qung co. IMS s dng giao thc Diameter truyn cc thng tin tnh cc. Cc CSCF thng bo cho h thng tnh cc bit v loi hnh v thi gian ca phin m ngi dng khi to. Trn thc t nhng thit b nh tuyn thng bo cho h thng tnh cc v mi trng truyn trong sut phin . H thng tnh cc kt hp tt c cc thng tin tnh cc lin quan ti tng ngi dng tnh cc cho ph hp. o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS H thng tnh cc s dng nhng nhn dng duy nht lm tng ng nhng d liu tnh ton p dng cho tng phin nhn c t nhng thc th khc nhau. cho cc bn ghi tnh cc c pht ra t mt b nh tuyn v bi mt CSCF v cng mt phin phi c cng mt nhn dng duy nht.
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Chng 3
PHN MM OPENIMS
Ngy nay IMS (IP Multimedia Subsystem) cng trong giai on th nghim vi nhiu doanh nghip trn khp th gii, cc n lc pht trin v nghin cu, c bit i vi mng NGN ging nh vic tng thm nhiu hn s h tr trong 1 s lng ln khch hng, c bit cho vic pht trin cc dch v. Trong khi c nhiu d n m ngun m c thit lp trong mng VoIP cho cc SIP clients, SIP client, proxy, stack v cc cng c xung quanh chun SIP ca IETF th hin nay thc t vn cha c 1 d n m ngun m no tp trung c th vo IMS. D n m ngun m OPEN SOURCE IMS Core nhm mc ch p ng s thiu ht ca cc phn mm m ngun m cho IMS vi nhng gii php linh ng v c th m rng c. Tnh thch nghi v kh nng ca cc gii php ny c chng minh trong cc d n nghin cu v pht trin quc gia v quc t. Mc ch ca n trong thi gian tip theo l to ra mt cng ng cc nh pht trin cho phn core ca mng NGN. Phn mm m ngun m ny l cho php s pht trin ca cc dch v IMS v th nghim cc khi nim xung quanh phn core IMS.
3.1 Gii thiu chung v phn mm OpenIMS ca FOKUS

L mt d n trin khai IMS trn m ngun m ca FOKUS (Fraunhofer Institute for Open Communication Systems )
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Hnh 1.1
Cc thnh phn ca OpenIMS
Hnh 3.1 m t cc thnh phn chnh ca OpenIMS * Open Source IMS Core : y l phn li ca OpenIMS, n gm c 2 thnh phn chnh : + HSS (Home Subcriber Server): Trong OpenIMS gi l FHoSS + Call Session Control Functions ( CSCFs ): L khi trung tm ca m ngun m Open Source IMS Core, khi ny iu khin bt k bo hiu IMS no. OpenIMSCore c a ra ti website http://openimscore.org/ c pht trin ti website http://developer.berlios.de/projects/openimscore/ *u cui IMS (IMS Client) Trong tt c cc thnh phn ca OpenIMS, IMS client l thnh phn quyt nh nh gi s thnh cng ca IMS. N hot ng nh mt mi trng a ng dng chng minh kh nng pht trin dch v trn mng IMS. C nhiu phn mm IMS Client, b khung OpenIMS Client ca FOKUS cung cp giao din lp trnh c cho cc nh pht trin dch v ca IMS. c im ca OpenIMS Client : + Xy dng cc IMS API chun + C kh nng thay i mt cch mm do theo yu cu o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS + Tng thch a nn (Windows XP, Windows CE, Linux) + c trin khai trn Java hoc .NET + D dng kt ni vi cc thit b khc + Tun theo cc chun IEFT, 3GPP, TISPAN
Hnh 1.2
OpenIMS Client khi chy ln u tin
Khi OpenIMS Client khi ng ln u tin, n s hin ra ca s cho php cu hnh. Phn User Profile ta c th cu hnh cc thng s sau : + Display name: Tn ngi s dng s c dng trong ng dng + Public Identity: Nhn dng cng cng, v d sip:ha@open-ims.test, ng theo mu ni trong mc 1.5.1 (Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng) + Private Identity: Nhn dng c nhn, v d ha@open-ims.test, ng theo mu trong mc 1.5.2 (Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn) + Secret Key: Cha kha bo mt, s c s dng trong cc qu trnh chng thc trn mng. Phn Server profile cho php ta cu hnh : + Proxy IP: a ch IP ca my ch P-CSCF trong mng, v d 192.168.7.97 + Port Nr: S cng ca P-CSCF trong mng, v d 4060 + Realm : Tn min ca mng IMS, v d open-ims.test * Open IMS SIP AS ( SIPSEE Sip Servlet Execution Environment ) y l SIP Application Server cung cp s hi t ca 2 mi trng dch v l SIP v HTTP cho vic xy dng cc dch v
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS * Parlay X Gateway (OCS-X) Cho php cc nh pht trin dch v to cc ng dng qua web * IMS Management Kin trc IMS Management qun l v iu khin mi thnh phn cn cho mng li IMS * XML Document Management Server ( XDMS ) My ch cung cp hng dn ngi dung v thng tin dch v v cch truy cp * Media Server : H tr cc dch v nh : + Voicemail, lu li bn tin ri gi vo mail + Hi tho ( Conferencing ) + Nhc ch +
3.2 Fokus Home Subcriber Server ( FHoSS ) Gii thiu chung

Trong phn mm OpenIMS do FOKUS pht trin, khi HSS c cn c gi l FHoSS. ( Fokus Home Subcriber Server )
Hnh 1.1
FHoSS trong OpenIMS
FHoSS c xy dng nh mt d n Java, da trn mt s phn mm m ngun m khc nh MySQL, Tomcat. D liu ngi s dng c lu gi trong c s d liu MySQL. Giao din web qun l chy trn Tomcat. FHoSS c xy dng 3 giao din da trn giao thc Diameter ( RFC 3588 ) : + Giao din Sh cho Application Server truy cp vo HSS + Giao din Cx dung trong cc qu trnh ng k ( c th l giao din kt ni vi I-CSCF v S-CSCF) + Giao din Zh thit lp cc knh HTTPS ti cc ng dng o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS Phn li ca FHoSS l mt HssDiameterStack. N s dng DiameterPeer gi yu cu ti cc khi khc v nhn cc yu cu cng nh hi p theo kiu CommandListener Nhng d liu ca HSS c lu trong mt c s d liu. C cu (Framework) Hibernate persistence c s dng xy dng tng truy cp d liu. (Hibernate l mt cng ngh rt ph bin xy dng tng truy cp c s d liu trong cc d n Java) FHoSS c qun l bng giao din web. N c trin khai da trn cng ngh servlet trong kt hp vi Apache Struts Web framework.
Hnh 1.2
Giao din web qun l FHoSS
Giao din web ny gm c cc mc chnh sau: Home: Trang ch User Identities: cho php cu hnh thng tin ngi dng nh IMPU (IP Multimedia Public Identity), IMPI (IP Multimedia Private Identity), IMSU (IMS Subscription) v lin kt cc thng tin ny li, mt IMPI c th lin kt vi nhiu IMPU
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Hnh 1.3
Trang cu hnh nhn dng ngi dng c nhn
SERVICES: cu hnh thng tin dch v
Hnh 1.4
Trang cu hnh thng tin dch v
Network Configuration: Cu hnh cc thng tin v mng Cu trc phn mm ca FHoSS
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Hnh 1.5 - Gi main + y l gi chnh chy ng dng HSS + Cha file HSSContainer.java trong c hm main() bt u ng dng - Gi diam : + Xy dng nh vo JavaDiameterPeer pha trn + Thc thi giao din command listeners + Cha Diameter Stack - Gi auth : + Cha file Milenage.java trin khai chc nng xc thc - Gi db : + Chc tt c cc gi nh lin quan n c s d liu : + Gi model cha tt c cc loi bng d liu + Gi op cha cc gi lin quan n lp DAO (Data Access Object ) + Gi hibernate trin khai theo cng ngh hibernate trong java kt ni vi c s d liu - Cc gi cx, sh, zh trin khai cc giao din tng ng, trong mi gi c cha gi op bao gm tt c cc phng thc cn dung cho giao din - Gi web xy dng giao din cho web qun l FHoSS (hnh 2.3) Cu trc th mc ca FHoSS
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Chng 4
CC M PHNG
Chng ny s trnh by mt s cng vic m phng lin quan n ti da trn phn mm OPENIMS nh: to ngi dng mi, thc hin cuc gi nhn tin gia cc ngi dng, kim tra cc bn tin gi v nhn t khi HSS trong cc qu trnh hot ng ca ngi dng v mng.
4.1 To v ng k ngi dng mi

to thm mt ngi dng mi trong c s d liu ca HSS ta s dng giao din web qun l ca phn mm FHoSS.. Thng tin ngi dng trong FHoSS gm c cc loi nhn dng v cc trng tng ng bt buc sau: * IMSU (IP Multimedia Subscription) + Tn ngi dng
Hnh 1.1
Cu hnh thng s IMSU
* IMPI (IP Multimedia Private User Identity) + Nhn dng c nhn: v d ha@open-ims.test + Cha kha an ninh (Secret Key): l mt chui k t no + Phng thc m ha : Digest-AKAv1. Digest-AKAv1 hay Digest-MD5
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Hnh 1.2
Cu hnh thng s IMPI
* IMPU (IP Multimedia Public User Identity) + Nhn dng cng cng: v d sip:ha@open-ims.test + Thng tin dch v (Service Profile). Thng tin dch v c to, chnh sa trong mc SERVCES nh gii thiu hnh 3.7. + Loi IMPU (IMPU Type): thng l public_user_identity
Sau khi thit lp y , chnh xc cc trng bt buc trong ba loi nhn dng trn th cn phi lin kt chng li vi nhau
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Hnh 1.3
Cu hnh thng s IMPU
4.2 C s d liu ngi dng trn mysql

C s d liu trong phn mm FHoSS l c s d liu quan h c xy dng bao gm 24 bng nh hnh di y:
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Hnh 1.1
C s d liu trong FhoSS
C th a ra s thc th lin kt rt gn bao gm mt s bng c bn v cc trng chnh trong :
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Hnh 1.2
S thc th lin kt rt gn ca c s d liu trong FHoSS
Ta c th i chiu hnh trn vi hnh 1.10: Mi lin h gia nhn dng c nhn v nhn dng cng cng trong Release 6, hnh 2.13: Cu trc thng tin ngi dng v hnh 2.14: Cu trc tiu chun lc ban u: Mi ngi dng l mt thu bao IMS (bng imsu) c nhiu nhn c nhn (bng impi).
- Quan h gia bng imsu v bng impi l 1 - v mi ngi dng c th - Mi ngi dng cng c th c nhiu nhn dng c nhn (bng impu): Do
quan h gia bng impi v bng impu l quan h - . ng nh theo l thuyt c s d liu quan h, kt ni gia hai bng - cn phi c mt bng trung gian (bng impi_impu).
- Quan h gia bng sp v bng impu l quan h 1 - v nh trong hnh

2.13 mi mt Service Point (bng sp) c th nm trong nhiu nhn dng ngi dng cng cng (bng impu).
- Cng theo hnh 2.13 nhiu Service Point c th nm trong mt Initial

Filter Criteria (bng ifc) v ngc li. Nh vy quan h gia bng sp v bng ifc l quan h - , lin kt gia chng thng quan bng sp_ifc.
- Theo hnh 2.14 mt IFC ch c th c nhiu nht mt Trigger Point (bng

tp), quan h gia bng ifc v bng tp l quan h 1 - 1.
- Quan h gia bng application_server v bn ifc l 1 - v a ch ca

mt my ch ng dng c th nm trong nhiu IFC khc nhau.
- Trong mt Trigger Point c th c nhiu Service Point Trigger nn quan

h gia bng tp v bng spt l quan h 1 - . o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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4.3 Cu hnh cc dch v

Trang cu hnh dch v cho php cu hnh cc mc sau: * Service Profiles : Tn cc dch v * Application Servers: My ch ng dng tng ng vi bng application_server V d cc my ch ng dng c cu hnh v chy th:
Hnh 1.1 Trong :
Mt s my ch ng dng khi to v chy th
+ default_as l my ch ng dng mc nh + media_as l my ch ng dng h tr dch v hi tho + iptv l my ch ng dng cho dch v iptv (xem tv qua mng IP) * Trigger Points: im kch hot, tng ng vi bng tp:
Hnh 1.2
Mt s im kch hot to
+ cf_tp: im kch hot cho dch v conference o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS + c2d_tp: im kch hot cho dch v click to dial * Initial Filter Criteria: tng ng vi bng ifc
Hnh 1.3
Mt s tiu chun lc ban u c to
+ cf_ifc: tiu chun lc ban u cho dch v conference + c2d_ifc: tiu chun lc ban u cho dch v click to dial
4.4 Thng k cc bn tin Diameter trong qu trnh ng k

H thng dng ln bao gm: + My 1 (192.168.7.97): ci P-CSCF, I-CSCF v S-CSCF + My 2 (192.168.7.98): ci FHoSS, OpenIMS Client ng k ngi dng bob@open-ims.test V l thuyt qu trnh ng k din ra nh trong hnh 2.8 v hnh 2.9. Ta thy u tin client gi bn tin ng k sip (7) ti I-CSCF. Sau khi nhn c ng k, P-CSCF s chuyn tip bn tin ny ti I-CSCF (qu trnh bt gi tin c thc hin ti My 2 nn khng nhn thy bn tin chuyn tip ny) Khi nhn c bn tin ng k, I-CSCF s gi bn tin Diameter UAR ti FHoSS (8) xc nhn xem ngi dng bob@open-ims.test s c S-CSCF no phc v. FHoSS tr li bng bn tin UAA (10) thng bo cho I-CSCF bit a ch ca SCSCF phc v ngi dng ang ng k.
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Hnh 1.1
Mt s bn tin trong qu trnh ng k
Nhn c bn tin UAA, I-CSCF bit c a ch ca S-CSCF nn chuyn bn tin ng k ngi dng ti S-CSCF. Sau khi nhn c bn tin ng k, S-CSCF tin hnh chng thc ngi dng, tuy nhin v y l ln ng k u tin nn S-CSCF cha c cc vc t chng thc, do n gi bn tin MAR (11) ti HSS ti vc t chng thc v. HSS gi cc vc t chng thc v cho S-CSCF qua bn tin MAA (12). S-CSCF gi bn tin 401 unauthorized v cho ngi dng, yu cu thng tin chng thc t ngi dng (14) Client bt u ng k li, cc bn tin tng t nh trn: (17), (18) v (19) Trong bn tin ng k ln ny c cha cc thng tin chng thc, khi S-CSCF so snh thng tin vi cc vc t chng thc ti v t HSS. Nu qu trnh chng thc thnh cng, S-CSCF s gi bn tin SAR (20) ti HSS thng bo chng thc ngi dng. HSS gi bn tin SAA tr li (23). Qu trnh ng k thnh cng, S-CSCF gi bn tin SIP 200 OK v Client (25).
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KT LUN
Kin trc IMS cho php pht trin dch v rt a dng, phong ph v c tnh m rng ln. Do vic xy dng cu trc thng tin ngi dng, qun l thng tin ngi dng v thng tin dch v cn c c bit ch trng pht trin khi p dng m hnh v thc t. Do thi gian c hn nn trong n ny ti mi dng li vic tm hiu l thuyt v nghin cu hot ng ca phn mm m ngun m OpenIMS Ti d nh hng pht trin ca ti gm c cc cng vic sau :
Khi HSS mi ch c FOKUS xy dng rt c bn, cha c nhiu tnh

nng c th qun l mt khi lng ngi dng ln khi mng hot ng trn thc t. Do ti c th tip tc pht trin thm cc chc nng ca khi HSS da theo phn mm m ngun m FHoSS. Khi SLF cha c xy dng trong phn mm OPENIMS. Khi mt mng ln vi nhiu thu bao phi cn nhiu khi HSS qun l th khng th thiu c khi SLF ny. y cng l mt hng pht trin ca ti.
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PH LC
Phn phc lc a ra mt s hnh nh v c s d liu ngi dng c hin th qua cng c qun tr co s d liu Mysql: phpMyAdmin * Bng impi: bng nhn dng ngi dng c nhn,
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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS * Cc bn ghi to ca bng impi:
* Bng impu: bng nhn dng ngi dng cng cng
* Cc bn ghi to ca bng impu:
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TI LIU THAM KHO

Gonzalo Camarillo and Miguel-Angel Garca-Martn, The 3G IP
Multimedia Subsystem (IMS), John Wiley & Sons, 2006
Miikka Poikselka, Georg Mayer, Hisham Khartabil, Aki Niemi, IP

Multimedia Concepts and Services, John Wiley & Sons, 2004
http://www.openimscore.org http://www.fokus.fraunhofer.de/bereichsseiten/testbeds/ims_playground/ http://en.wikipedia.org

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Nghiên cứu và phát triển chức năng HSS và SLF cho kiến trúc IMS

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Nghiên cứu và phát triển chức năng HSS và SLF cho kiến trúc IMS

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Nghin cu v pht trin chc nng HSS v SLF cho kin trc IMS

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

Diameter protocol: a crucial protocol used in almost HSS activities

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

DANH SCH HNH V

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

DANH SCH T VIT TT

Domain Name System

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

Universal Mobile Telecommunication H thng vin thng di ng quc t System

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

0.1 Tm quan trng ca ti

0.2 Ni dung nghin cu ca ti

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

TNG QUAN KIN TRC IMS

1.1 V tr v vai tr ca phn h IMS trong kin trc mng di ng 3G

Kin trc ca mng UMTS

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

1.3 Tng quan v cc giao thc s dng trong IMS

1.4 Tng quan kin trc IMS

ISC ISC ISC Cx

A cess N etw o rk P-C SC F

Tng quan kin trc IMS

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

Chc nng HLR/AuC cho min chuyn mch knh

Chc nng IP multimedia

Chc nng HLR/AuC cho min chuyn mch gi

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

SIP AS: y l cc AS c s thc hin cc dch v multimedia da trn SIP. Cc

OSA-SCS (Open Service Access-Service Capability Server): y l AS cung cp

IM-SSF ( IP Multimedia Service Switching Function): AS ny cho php ti s dng

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

M dng ng phin bn IP khc

PSTN/CS Getway giao tip vi mt mng CS

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

P-CSCF t ti mng khch

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

1.5 Nhn dng ngi dng trong IMS

Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng

SIP :+1-212-555-0293@operator.com ; user=phone

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

N hn dng ng i dng c nh n 1 N hn dng ng i d ng cng c g n 3

Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn 1

Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng 2

Thu bao IMS Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng 3

Nhn dng ngi dng c nhn 2

Nhn dng ngi dng cng cng n

International Mobile Subscriber Identity(IMSI)

Tin nhn ngn(SMS)

Tin nhn ngn (SMS) Tin nhn ngn(SMS)

Cha kha ton vn v cha kha m ha

Tham s dch v SMS

Cha kha ton vn v cha kha m ha cho min PS v CS

Tham s kt ni ngi dng MMS

Preferences ngi dng MMS

o Anh H in t 4 K48 -HBKHN

USIM lu gi cc thng s sau y:

IMSI: IMSI l mt nhn dng m c phn b n mi ngi dng. IMSI ch c