Chapter 1 Laundry is a noun that refers the place to the where act that

of washing clothing and linens,

washing is done, and/or that which needs to be, is being, or has been laundered. Laundry can be considered a room or area, as in a home or apartment building, reserved for

doing the family wash. Laundry was first done in watercourses letting the

water carry away the materials which could cause stains and smells. Laundry is still and done rural this way in some less helps

industrialized

areas

regions.

Agitation

remove the dirt, so the laundry is often rubbed, twisted, or slapped against flat rocks. Wooden bats or clubs could be used to help with beating the dirt out. These were often called washing beetles or bats and could be used by the waterside on a rock or on (a a beetling-stone), board. used They by were on a block common North

(battling-block), across Europe and

once in

were

also

settlers

America. Similar techniques have also been identified in Japan. According to Laurens, Henry (1917) Dry Cleaning was first introduced in the Philippines after world war 11

because of the influence of western countries. The supply

of water and electricity become adequate so the Filipino people began to adopt the means of operating a commercial laundry services. Man commonly adopts the laundry services since the existence of civilization cloth care and outfits and also the fabric are more likely to be evolved because of the past faced of fashion trends is in the attitude of the people especially in dealing with their social life, likewise in their professions and lifestyle. Laundry shop is a kind of business that deals with common competition such as service quality dealing with cloth care and fabric and apparels, many people trust this kind of services that rendered in such enterprise because of the assurance for good handlings is guaranteed, also good services and

keeping standard managerial styles are being offered and it is being enhanced trough time. Keeping cloth clean is

always a problem of housewife and a business that concern in fabric may solve this problem is used the services of commercial laundry shop. The City as researcher place it is of the had the chosen business laundry Sumacab for Este, Cabanatuan reasons. Este,

some in

vital

First,

first

shop

Sumacab

Cabanatuan City. Second, there is a big market of services where the target market is the students of Nueva Ecija

University of Science and Technology. Third, the prevalence of growing the number of students residing in Sumacab Este. This study will attempt to prove that establishing laundry shop in Sumacab Este Cabanatuan city and it can generate a fair profit in its investments. The main purposes of this feasibility study are to find out the profitability of a commercial laundry shop. Review of Related Literature The century mangle two (wringer long US) was in a developed frame and in a the 19th to

rollers

crank

revolve them. A laundry-worker took sopping wet clothing and cranked it through the mangle, compressing the cloth and expelling the excess water. The mangle was much quicker than hand twisting. It was a variation on the box mangle used primarily for pressing and smoothing cloth. Meanwhile the laundry 19th process century with inventors various further mechanized washing

hand-operated

machines. Most involved turning a handle to move paddles inside a tub. Then some early 20th century machines used an electrically powered agitator to replace tedious hand

rubbing against a washboard. Many of these were simply a tub on legs, with a hand-operatedmangle on top. Later the

mangle too was electrically powered, then replaced by a perforated double tub, which spun out the excess water in a spin cycle. Laundry drying was also mechanized, with clothes dryers. Dryers were also spinning perforated tubs, but they blew heated air rather than water. In the United States and Canada in the late 19th and early 20th century, the occupation of laundry worker was heavily identified with Chinese Americans. Discrimination, lack of English-language skills, and lack of capital kept Chinese Americans out of most desirable careers. Around

1900, one in four ethnic Chinese men in the U.S. worked in a laundry, typically working 10 to 16 hours a day.[1] [2] New York City had an estimated 3,550 Chinese laundries at the beginning of the Great Depressionof the 1930s. In 1933, with even this looking to many people like a relatively desirable business, the city's Board of Aldermen passed a law clearly intended other to drive the it The Chinese limited Chinese out of the of

business. laundries

Among to

things,

ownership

U.S.

citizens.

Consolidated

Benevolent Association tried fruitlessly to fend this off, resulting in the formation of the openly leftist Chinese

Hand Laundry Alliance (CHLA), which successfully challenged this provision of the law, allowing Chinese laundry workers to preserve their livelihoods. The CHLA went on to function as a more general civil rights group; its numbers declined strongly after it was targeted by the FBI during theSecond Red Scare (19471957).[1] In some parts of the world, including Europe and North America, apartment buildings and dormitories often have

laundry rooms, where residents share washing machines and dryers. Usually the machines are set to run only when money is put in a coin slot. They turn on when the money is inserted and they run for as long as you pay. In other parts of the world, apartment buildings with laundry rooms are uncommon, and each apartment may have its own washing machine. Those without a machine at home or the use of a laundry room must either wash their clothes by hand or visit a commercial Laundromat Directions for hand-washing New Britain Standard

Hygienic Underwear, circa 1915 Some organizations have been campaigning against

legislation which has outlawed line-drying of clothing in

public

places,

especially given the increased greenhouse

gas emissions produced by clothes dryers.[citation needed] Legislation making it possible for thousands of American families to start using a clothesline in communities where they were formerly banned was passed in Colorado in 2008. In 2009, clothesline legislation was debated in several

states, including Connecticut, Hawaii, Maryland, Maine, New Hampshire, Nebraska, Oregon, Virginia, and Vermont. Other states are considering similar bills.[citation needed] Although there are homeowners' associations and other communities in the United States that prohibit residents from using a that clothesline outdoors, or limit its use to are not visible from the street or to

locations

certain times of day, other communities expressly prohibit rules that prevent the use of clotheslines. Florida is the only state to expressly guarantee a right to dry, although Utah and Hawaii have passed solar rights legislation. In Florida, a law states that "No deed restrictions, covenants, or similar binding agreements running with the land shall prohibit or have the effect of prohibiting solar collectors, clotheslines, or other energy devices based on renewable resources from being installed on buildings

erected

on

the

lots

or

parcels or

covered

by

the

deed No

restrictions,

covenants,

binding

agreements".[3]

other state has such explicit legislation[citation needed]. Vermont considered a "Right to Dry" bill in 1999, but it was defeated in the Senate has Natural been Resources included in & a Energy 2007

Committee.

The

language

voluntary energy conservation bill, introduced by Senator Dick McCormack. Similar measures are being introduced in some parts of Canada, including the province of Ontario, as well.[citation needed] Novice experience users of modern laundry of machines garments, sometimes especially

accidental

shrinkage

when applying heat. For woolgarments, this is due to scales on the fibers which heat and agitation cause to stick

together. Other fabrics are stretched by mechanical forces during production, and can shrink slightly when heated

(though to a lesser degree than wool). Some clothes are "pre-shrunk" to avoid this problem.[4] Another common problem is color bleeding. For example, washing a red shirt with white underwear can result in pink underwear. Often only like colors are washed together to avoid this problem, which is lessened by cold water and repeated washings.

Laundry

symbols

are

included

on

many

clothes

to

help

consumers avoid these problems. Local Literature There are different laundry businesses that one can start in the home Philippines. based These coin include operated dry cleaning and

business,

laundry,

laundry

laundry shop. The choice of laundry business will largely depend on how much money you want to invest and the extent of involvement you want in the business. The profitability of the business is dependent on the operational expenses, which include the cost of rent, supplies, wages and

utilities. It is important to select the right equipment and get the required permits and licenses before you start a laundry business in the Philippines. In the Philippines, laundry is done many ways

depending on what you can afford. Some people own a washer and dryer, but that is more the exception than the rule. Some have a machine that just agitates and then spins, but most cases laundry is done by hand. Someone sits on a stool in front of a plastic tub by a water faucet. Powdered soap is added to the water and a few items at a time are placed in the soapy water and rubbed and squeezed. Other times

some people will use a bar of laundry soap and scrub each item. After enough if the items are done, the soapy water is dumped and fresh water is used to rinse. The person then squeezes the items to rinse out the soap. The rinse water is replaced as many times needed until the water is clear and soap free. After a group of the laundry is cleaned, it is hung inside out on a hanger or over the line to air dry. Turning it inside out is to help reduce the sun from bleaching the colors out. With the use of cold water, the colors do not fade that fast. Depending on the size of the family and the frequency of laundry day, this task can take many hours. Some people hire a Labandera; this is a person you hire for a day. Conceptual / Theoretical Framework The study will use the Input-Process-Output (IPO System) model. The inputs of the study include the Target Market of the business, technical requirements, business final condition for the next 5 years and

organization,

social contributions to the community. In order to come up with the desire output, questionnaire and interview with the respondents will be conducted as a process in which the

output shall include vital information on the putting up TODA Bar.

10

1. What

is

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

profile of the for business? What are the technical requirements of Input putting up the Tornado Cang Laundry Shop in terms of facilities and amenities? What is the appropriate business organization for the project? What is the condition for the next 5 years? What are the social contributions to the community? What are the possible problems that maybe encountered by the project?

the target market this

Process

Output

Questionnaire Statistical Analysis Tornado Cang Laundry Shop

Figure 1 The Research Paradigm

11

Statement of the problem This feasibility entitled Tornado Cang Laundry Shop at Sumacab Este Cabanatuan City aims to build this

business. Specifically, this study will seek to answer the

following questions.
1. What

is

the

profile

target

of

the

market

for

this

business?
2. What

are the technical requirements of putting up the Cang Laundry Shop in terms of facilities and

Tornado

amenities? 3. What is the appropriate business organization for the project? 4. What is the condition for the next 5 years? 5. What are the social contributions to the community?
6. What are the possible problems that maybe encountered by

the project? Significance of the Study This study will be beneficial to the following: BUSINESSMAN-The data in the study will help them

justifies and learned about the possibilities of putting this kind of business , how and what are their main

12

concerns

in

building

this

business

and

enable

them

to

adjust if necessary regarding the problem that may occur. COMMUNITY-it will provide them significant knowledge regarding the advantages of this business in their

community that helps them ease their home chores STUDENTS- The study will give them a glance regarding the kind of business in which in the future will be a base for their future perspective business. THE RESEARCHERS It provide them a new knowledge on how to conduct actual research and learning to engage in business. FUTURE RESEARCHERS It serves as their guide and provide data that they will be able to use for future undertakings. Scope and Limitation This study is concerned with the feasibility of

laundry shop in Sumacab Este, Cabanatuan City. This included four aspects of management with respects to the feasibility and viability of the proposed projects.

13

As to the market studies, the potential market shall be limited to a local conditions of students and workers where this business shall be established this aspects will focus on target market which will be the students and

workers mainly. As to management study will justify the type of

business organization suited for the business this aspects will also define of the the qualifications, workers, the duties, policies,

responsibilities

require

vision and mission, and objectives of the The technical aspects shall be

business. limited to its

discussion on the identification of the services offered, the machines and equipment as well as the raw materials and supplies needed in process of operation and some policies and guidelines to safeguard the business. The financial aspects will discuss the details of the project cost expenses to be incurred, income statement,

cash flow, balance sheet and tools for financial analysis.

14

Definition of Terms The following terms are defined to provide better and cleaner understanding about research study

conducted: Clothes refer to a covering for the human body.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clothing) Bed sheets refer to a piece of cloth used to cover a mattress. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bed_sheet) Comforters refer to a thick bed covering made of two layers of cloth containing a filling.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comforter) Curtains refer to a material that hangs in a window or other opening as a decoration, shades or screen.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curtain) Detergent refers to a cleansing substance, especially on that acts as a melting agent and emulsifier and is made from chemicals compounds. (Wikipedia) Dry cleaning refers to a cleaning process for clothing using a chemical solvent rather than water. (Wikipedia)

15

Dryer refers to a process of which the cloth is derived inside the washing machine using a dryer.

(http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/dryer) Fabric softener refers to a fabric conditioner that is used to prevent static cling and make fabric softer. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fabric_softener) Folding table is a small, portable, folding table with a heat resistant top that is used for ironing clothes.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Folding_table#Ironing_board) Ironing
is

the

use

of

heated

tool

(an iron)

to

remove wrinkles from fabric. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ironing) Permanent press is a characteristic of fabric that has been chemically processed to resist wrinkles and hold its shape. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Permanent_press) Laundry
is

noun

that

refers the which

to

the where to

act that is

of washing clothing and linens, washing is done, and/or that

place needs

be,

being, or has been laundered. (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laundry)

16

Rinsing refers to the washing of clothes lightly with water and remove soap, dirt or impurities.

(http://www.thefreedictionary.com/rinsing) Soaking make thoroughly wet or saturated by or as if by placing in liquid. To immerse in liquid for a period of time. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/soaking) Sudsing causing little foam to form; - used of e.g. detergents. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/low-sudsing) Washing machine is a machine designed to wash laundry, such as clothing, towels and sheets. The term is mostly applied only to machines that use water as the primary cleaning solution, as opposed to dry cleaning (which

uses alternative cleaning fluids, and is performed by specialist businesses) or even ultrasonic cleaners.

(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Washing_machine)

17

Chapter 2 Methodology The study used descriptive method of research because it is the most appropriate and convenient method to use. Descriptive adequate research and is a fact-finding presentation, approach analysis with and

accurate

interpretation of the data gathered from the respondents. Descriptive research, population research, data also and known as statistical about the

describes or

characteristics studied.

phenomenon

being

Descriptive

research answer the question who, what, where, when and how Population and Sampling Procedure

18

The target respondents of the study will be the owner of the different Laundry shops in Cabanatuan City and the people or residents of the Sumacab Este in Cabanatuan City Slovens Formula was used to determine the number of the respondents in the survey. Where: n=sample size N=Population size e=margin of error n= N ______ 1+Ne2

Instruments The following instruments were used in the gathering data from the respondents for the study: Questionnaire. respondents some and The related to researchers provided to the avoid With

questionnaire

misinterpretation

facilitate

comprehension.

this, the data needed in the study was obtained in a faster manner allowing the respondents to reflect on the questions posed and made them to be prepared in answering the

corresponding question. These questionnaires were given to the Sumacab Este , Cabanatuan City and the business owners in Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija.

19

Interview.

It

serves

as

supplementary

tool

used

in

gathering data. Information not found inside the library is revealed by means actual study. With this, there was a

greater opportunity to approve the accuracy and validity of the responses. The interview will be conducted to gather additional information regarding the question in the questionnaire. Survey. To minimize the cost, different prices of

materials that will be used are evaluated through survey. Then it is compared a much cheaper yet have a quality of materials needed. Survey will be conducted to different store in

Cabanatuan City also in Manila. Library Research. The library of Araullo University

-Philippines was used as the primary data banks for the information required to support and justify the viability of the proposed project. The same information gathered from the feasibility study sources provided as basis for the derivation acquired. Internet Research. For an easier data gathering of whatever data that could not be directly

abroad, the researcher uses the modern technology to make it possible. Data Analysis

20

In determining the feasibility study and viability of the proposed business various financial analytical tools

were used. The following are the methods adopted by the researcher:

1. Payback Period. It means the length and time required

to recover the owners investment. Payback Period= Net Investment Annual Income from investment
2. Average Rate of Return. It is represents the ratio of

the average annual taxes in the average investment in the project. ARR= AVERAGE ANNUAL NET INCOME Average Original Investment
3. Net

Present Value. It is the excess of the present

cash flows generated by the project over the amount of the initial investment. Present Value of each cash inflows based On the discounted rate Less: Present value of the investment Net Present Value P xxx xxx P xxx

21

Name: Address: Name of Business: Occupation/Position in the Business: Direction: Encircle the letter/s of your answer and reply with all the blank spaces provided of on cases required.
1. What form of business organization do you have? a. Single or Sole Proprietorship b. Partnership c. Corporation 2. What Equipment/s do you use and how many units each equipment you have? Equipment Number 1) 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 3. Do you have any furniture and fixtures and how many units of each furniture and fixtures you have? Equipment Number 1)

22

2) 3) 4) 5) 4. Who is your Personnel and how much is the salary or wages of each? Personnel Salary/wages

1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

5. What are your supplies that you purchase every month? Supplies price

1) 2) 3) 4) 5)
6. Status of site business? a. Rent __________others pls specify b. Owned 7. How many customers do your business composed?

8. What are the needed requirement/s in forming the business and how much each requirement/s?

Requirement 1) 2) 3) 4) 5)

Price

9. Who is your target market?

______Students ______Workers ______others pls specify

23

10. What is the marketing strategy that the business offers to attract customers?

11.How many estimated average customers do you have every day? _____10 and below _____21-30 _____40 and above _____11-20 _____31-40 12.How much is the service fee for every kilo in terms of Laundry?
a. b. c. d. e. Clothes Jackets Comforters Bed sheets Curtains

13.What is your estimated average monthly expense?

14. What is your average monthly net income?

15.What are the usual problems encountered by the business with regards to the following aspects?
a. Personnel _____always late _____always absent _____always sick _____hard-headed _____slow

b. Marketing

c. Financial

24

25